1288020 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種濾板，可運用於壓濾機（Filter Press )上使用，利用多數濾板疊合併靠的方式，以對污 泥進行過濾脫水的濾板，特別是一種可注入流體，產生 膨脹效應對泥餅進行壓榨與熱傳加熱功能之濾板結構。 【先前技術】 • 由於環保意識的提高，對於工業及其它廢水處理過 程所產生之污泥的處理已日漸重視，早期曬乾床因人工 及氣候的因素而逐漸被淘汰，取而代之的為圓胴真空過 濾機、皮帶式和離心式脫水機，但該些設備因具有泥餅 含水率高、污泥脫水效率低、脫水時會產生惡臭等缺點， 近年來一種板式壓濾機已成為主流。板式壓濾機使用的 原理主要是透過多片濾板漿料持續地進料擠壓，以將污 水滲出並使位於濾板間之污泥經擠壓成為泥餅，而達到 • 固液分離的效果。然而此種單純擠壓脫水的方式，只能 達到含水率60〜86%的污泥乾燥度，無法有效大幅縮減 泥餅的體積且會造成泥餅卸料上的不便。因此，目前更 透過板式壓濾機真空加熱（vacuum heating )、蒸發乾燥 (vaporization drying)等技術的配合，以再降低泥餅的 含水率。 然而，目前濾板還是壓濾機中的關鍵技術，足以影 響壓濾機的處理量、泥餅的含水率及整體的功能，因此， 業界無不針對濾、板進行改良。 1288020 、一睛參閱中華民國專利公告第471472號之「複合板框 式污泥壓濾乾燥機」，其主要在兩主板框之間各介裝一 相配形狀但縮小厚度之副板框，而副板框之前後各結合 一整面彈性膜片，使副板框内部形成—密閉空間，另副 板，上更*置有與該密閉空間連通之—進熱氣孔及一排 熱^孔，供外界熱氣輸入加熱與迫張前後彈性膜片，使 濾至内邛之水分氣化。換言之，主板框用以過濾污泥脫 水，而副板框具有較佳的彈性提供外界熱氣輸入熱傳加 • 熱泥餅與迫張前後彈性膜片。 然而，上述污泥壓濾乾燥機其濾板疊合併靠方式為 主、田彳板框交錯排列，除了會增加組裝使用上的麻煩外， 副板框雖能藉由熱氣輸入與彈性膜片向外迫張，達到對 泥餅更進一步壓搾脫水與加熱作用，但若中空彈性膜片 引入熱氣時會有耐溫及耐壓強度不足等缺點外，形變後 的復原能力也容易隨著使用次數的增加而急速下降，產 生不可回復之形變，甚至因此而破損。 • 上述副板框主要是利用兩片彈性膜片來圍構出一内 部腔室（chamber)，在沒有内部的支撐下，在污泥進料與 擠壓時兩彈性膜片亦可能會彼此相互貼靠，造成進、出 熱氣通道無法通暢降低泥餅加熱效率。 再者，上述污泥壓濾乾燥機只藉由副板框單向膨脹，加 熱泥餅其熱導效果亦不佳。 【發明内容】 根據以上可知，習知之熱傳加熱或膨脹型濾板雖然能 1288020 夠有效減少泥餅的含水率及縮小泥餅的體積，達到更佳 2固液分離效果。但是濾板結構本身卻仍存在著前揭所 才曰出的缺點；是以，本發明之主要目的即在於提出一種 兼具膨脹壓搾強度高、熱傳效率佳，以及在長期使用下 仍能保持良好形變復原能力的多功能濾板。 本發明之另一特色在於確保濾板内部的腔室 (chamber)在使用狀況下加壓/加熱流體通路都能保持暢 通。 • 根據本發明所揭露之濾板主要係由一内層板體及一 外層板體所構成。其中，内層板體係由一具高熱傳導之 第一材質所製，且内層板體之内部具一腔室；外層板體 係由一具彈性之高分子材料過濾本體之第二材質所製， 此外層板體包覆在内層板體外，且此外層板體之相對兩 面向内凹陷分別形成濾室，而位於濾、室中之外層板體上 凸設有多個過濾本體，另外層板體上至少開設有一污泥 入口、一加壓/加熱流體入口、一加壓/加熱流體出口及 _ 一個以上之濾液/真空抽吸口，且流體入口及流體出口更 有與内層板體内部之腔室連通。 有關本發明之較佳實例與技術内容，茲配合圖式說明 如下： 【實施方式】 首先’請參閱「第1〜3圖」，本發明之濾板1〇〇適 用於一濾壓機中，在本實施例中，主要係由一内層板體 110及一外層板體120所構成。内層板體110係由一具 1288020 ?,、、、傳？[生之第一材質所製’而外層板體I]。係由—且 彈性之兩分子材料過濾本體之第二材質所製。其中，= -材質例如是金屬’而第二材質例如是橡膠、二性高分 子材料或金屬。此外，内層板體110之第-材質更 備延展性、防鏽、高結構強度或其組合之特性，而外^ 板體120更可具備抗腐蝕、高熱傳導性之特性。以本實 施例而言，内層板體11〇係為不鏽鋼板，而外層板體12〇 係為橡膠膜片。 請繼續參閱「第1〜3圖」，内層板體11〇之内部具 腔至111 ’而外層板體120係包覆在内層板體11 〇外， 且外層板體120之相對兩面向内凹陷分別形成漁室 121，而位於濾室121中之外層板體12〇上凸設有多個過 滤本體122 ,以本實施例而言，過濾本體122係為陣列 排列的圓柱狀體，過濾本體122的形狀亦可為條狀或其 他態樣。 ^ 而外層板體120上至少開設有一污泥入口 123、一 加壓/加熱流體入口 124、一加壓/加熱流體出口 125及 一個以上之濾液/真空抽吸口 126。其中，污泥入口 123 及濾液/真空抽吸口 126分別貫穿外層板體120，但與 内層板體110内部之腔室111連通，而外層板體12^~之~ 濾室121與濾液/真空抽吸口 126則透過一濾液導槽127 相連通，以本實施例而言，濾液/真空抽吸口 126之數量 為四個，且分別設置於外層板體120的四個隅角處。另， 流體入口 124及流體出口 125分別與内層板體no内部 之腔室111連通，流體可為蒸氣、熱水、壓縮空氣或及 1288020 其組合。 請參閱第4-1〜4-2圖，並適時對照第丨〜3圖，當 f開始進行壓濾污泥時，首先將多個濾板1〇〇重疊併 #，接著透過污泥入口 123將漿料加壓注入濾板1〇〇間 的濾室121中，經由污泥持續地進料擠壓，使大部分的 /亏水可沿著過濾本體122間所形成之排水道流至濾液導 槽127，並由滤液/真空抽吸口 126處排出，使濾室121 經由濾布過濾留下泥餅，而達到固液分離的初步效果。 其後母片滤板經由加壓/加熱流體入口 124注入壓 縮空氣或流體至内層板體11〇之腔室U1中，此壓縮空 氣或流體會雙向膨脹外層板體12〇而壓搾泥餅，進一步 降低泥餅含水率。 其後，係可甴母片濾板之加壓/加熱流體入口 124 注入蒸氣（熱水）至内層板體11〇之腔室lu中，由於 濾板100之内層板體110為高熱傳導性之材質所製，因 此會透過内層板體11 〇的熱傳導特性，迅速將熱能傳至 外層板體120 ,當内層板體11〇受到蒸氣（熱水）的壓 力效應（可見第4_2圖），則會驅使外層板體12〇雙向膨 脹而進一步對泥餅壓搾，並將蒸氣或熱水的熱能傳導給 /尼餅而將水分氣化’進而縮小泥餅的體積及減少泥餅的 含水率。此外，更可透過濾液7真空抽吸口 126對濾室 12 ^抽真空，而抽真空的作用可降低泥餅内水分的lir 更谷易在較低的溫度中氣化水分，大幅降低泥餅含水率。 基於上述’由於本發明之濾板100其外層板體120 至）具有彈性過濾體的特性，而内層板體110至少具有 1288020 〜 高熱傳導之特性，使得濾板100在整合為單一濾板之下 除可兼具多項的功能，更可獲得最佳的固液分離之效果。 請參閱第5圖，係為本發明濾板1 〇〇之内部腔室U1 結構圖’其内層板體110之腔室内更可配置有多個 補強肋112，該些補強肋112以本實施例而言，例如以 上下交錯的方式排列，用以進一步強化濾板整體的結構 強度及確保加壓/加熱流體通路。 综上所述，本發明之濾板至少具有下列優點·· • 1 ·本發明之濾板由内層板體及外層板體組成一濾 板’且内、外層板體以不同材料特性組成，使單一濾板 可依需求兼具不同的功能。 2·本發明之濾板裝設於壓濾機中，可應用於都市及 工業污泥脫水、陶瓷工業配料、礦業、化學工業、醬油 製造壓榨、製糖壓榨、顏染料製造、製酒壓榨、電鐘工 業（金屬氫氧化合物污泥）及其他固液分離之製程工業， 其實用性高。 • 上列詳細說明係針對本發明之可行實施例具體說 明’惟該實施例並非限制本發明之專利範圍，凡未脫離 本發明之發明技藝精神之等效實施或變更，均應包含於 本案之專利範圍内。 1288020 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖，係為本發明濾板之立體外觀圖。 第2圖，係為本發明濾板之正視圖。 第3圖，係為本發明濾板根據第1圖之A-A剖視圖。 第4-1〜4-2圖，係為本發明濾板的使用狀態圖。 第5圖，係為本發明濾板之内部結構圖。1288020 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a filter plate which can be used on a filter press (Filter Press), which utilizes a plurality of filter plates stacked and stacked to filter and dewater sludge The filter plate, in particular, a filter plate structure capable of injecting a fluid to produce a swelling effect on the pressing and heat transfer of the mud cake. [Prior Art] • Due to the improvement of environmental awareness, the treatment of sludge produced in industrial and other wastewater treatment processes has been paid more and more attention. The early drying beds have been gradually eliminated due to artificial and climatic factors, and replaced by round vacuum. Filters, belts and centrifugal dewatering machines, but these equipments have become a mainstream because of the high moisture content of mud cake, low sludge dewatering efficiency, and malodor when dewatering. The principle of the plate filter press is mainly to continuously feed and squeeze through a plurality of filter plates to bleed out the sewage and squeeze the sludge between the filter plates into a mud cake to achieve solid-liquid separation. effect. However, this simple extrusion dewatering method can only achieve a sludge dryness with a water content of 60 to 86%, which cannot effectively reduce the volume of the mud cake and cause inconvenience in the discharge of the mud cake. Therefore, at present, the combination of vacuum heating, vaporization drying and the like of the plate filter press is used to further reduce the moisture content of the mud cake. However, at present, the filter plate is also a key technology in the filter press, which is sufficient to affect the processing capacity of the filter press, the moisture content of the mud cake and the overall function. Therefore, the industry has not improved the filter and the plate. 1288020, and refer to the "Composite Plate and Frame Sludge Pressure Filter Dryer" of the Republic of China Patent No. 471472, which mainly installs a matching plate frame with a reduced thickness and a thickness between the two main board frames. Before and after the frame frame, a full-face elastic film is combined to form a sealed space inside the sub-plate frame, and the sub-plate is further provided with a hot air hole and a row of hot holes for communicating with the sealed space. The external hot air is input into the elastic diaphragm before and after the heating, so that the water filtered to the inner crucible is vaporized. In other words, the main board frame is used to filter the dewatering of the sludge, and the sub-plate frame has better elasticity to provide external heat input heat transfer, hot mud cake and elastic film before and after the tension. However, in the above-mentioned sludge filter press dryer, the filter plate stacking is mainly based on the method, and the field plate frame is staggered, in addition to increasing the trouble of assembly and use, the sub-plate frame can be input by the hot gas and the elastic film. Externally forced to achieve further dewatering and heating of the mud cake, but if the hollow elastic diaphragm introduces hot air, there will be shortcomings such as insufficient temperature resistance and compressive strength, and the resilience after deformation is also easy to use. The increase and the rapid decline, resulting in irreversible deformation, and even damage. • The above-mentioned sub-plate frame mainly uses two elastic diaphragms to enclose an internal chamber. Without the internal support, the two elastic diaphragms may mutually interact with each other during sludge feeding and extrusion. Abutting, causing the inlet and outlet hot gas channels can not smoothly reduce the heating efficiency of the mud cake. Furthermore, the above-mentioned sludge filter drier is only unidirectionally expanded by the sub-plate frame, and the heat transfer effect of the heated mud cake is also poor. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the above, the conventional heat transfer heating or expansion type filter plate can effectively reduce the moisture content of the mud cake and reduce the volume of the mud cake, thereby achieving better solid-liquid separation effect. However, the filter plate structure itself still has the disadvantages revealed by the prior disclosure; therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a combination of high expansion press strength, good heat transfer efficiency, and long-term use. Multi-functional filter plate with good deformation resilience. Another feature of the present invention is to ensure that the chamber inside the filter plate remains clear during use/pressure/heating fluid passages. • The filter plate according to the present invention is mainly composed of an inner layer body and an outer layer body. Wherein, the inner layer system is made of a first material with high heat conduction, and the inner layer has a chamber inside; the outer layer system is made of a second material of an elastic polymer material filtering body, and the outer layer The plate body is coated on the outer surface of the inner layer plate, and the opposite inner and inner recesses of the layer plate body respectively form a filter chamber, and the plurality of filter bodies are convexly disposed on the outer plate body of the filter and the chamber, and at least the plate body is at least a sludge inlet, a pressurized/heated fluid inlet, a pressurized/heated fluid outlet, and more than one filtrate/vacuum suction port are provided, and the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are further connected to the chamber inside the inner plate body. . The preferred embodiments and technical contents of the present invention are as follows: [Embodiment] First, please refer to "1st to 3rd drawings", and the filter plate 1 of the present invention is applied to a filter press. In this embodiment, it mainly consists of an inner layer body 110 and an outer layer body 120. The inner layer 110 is composed of a 1288020 ?, , , and ? [The first material made of raw material] and the outer plate body I]. It is made of a second material of a flexible two-molecular material filter body. Here, the = - material is, for example, metal ' and the second material is, for example, rubber, amphoteric polymer material or metal. In addition, the first material of the inner layer body 110 is more malleable, rustproof, high structural strength or a combination thereof, and the outer plate body 120 is more resistant to corrosion and high thermal conductivity. In the present embodiment, the inner plate body 11 is a stainless steel plate, and the outer plate body 12 is a rubber film. Please continue to refer to "1st to 3rd drawings". The inner plate body 11 has a cavity with a cavity to 111', and the outer plate body 120 is covered with the inner layer plate 11 and the outer plate body 120 has two opposite inner faces. A plurality of filter bodies 122 are formed on the outer plate body 12 of the filter chamber 121. In the embodiment, the filter body 122 is a cylindrical body arranged in an array, and the filter body 122 is filtered. The shape can also be strip or other. And at least one sludge inlet 123, a pressurized/heated fluid inlet 124, a pressurized/heated fluid outlet 125, and more than one filtrate/vacuum suction port 126 are formed in the outer plate 120. Wherein, the sludge inlet 123 and the filtrate/vacuum suction port 126 respectively penetrate the outer plate body 120, but communicate with the chamber 111 inside the inner plate body 110, and the outer plate body 12^~ the filter chamber 121 and the filtrate/vacuum The suction port 126 is communicated through a filtrate channel 127. In the present embodiment, the number of filtrate/vacuum suction ports 126 is four, and is disposed at four corners of the outer plate body 120, respectively. Further, the fluid inlet 124 and the fluid outlet 125 are respectively in communication with the chamber 111 inside the inner panel body no. The fluid may be a combination of steam, hot water, compressed air or 1288020. Please refer to the figure 4-1~4-2, and in time, according to the figure 丨~3, when f starts the filter press sludge, firstly, the plurality of filter plates 1〇〇 are overlapped and #, and then passed through the sludge inlet 123. The slurry is pressurized and injected into the filter chamber 121 between the filter plates 1 and continuously fed through the sludge so that most of the water/depletion can flow along the drain formed between the filter bodies 122 to the filtrate. The guide groove 127 is discharged from the filtrate/vacuum suction port 126, so that the filter chamber 121 is filtered through the filter cloth to leave a mud cake, and the preliminary effect of solid-liquid separation is achieved. Thereafter, the master filter plate injects compressed air or fluid into the chamber U1 of the inner plate body 11 via the pressurization/heating fluid inlet 124, and the compressed air or fluid expands the outer plate body 12 in two directions to press the mud cake, further Reduce the moisture content of the mud cake. Thereafter, the pressurized/heated fluid inlet 124 of the master filter plate is injected with steam (hot water) into the chamber lu of the inner plate 11〇, since the inner plate 110 of the filter plate 100 is highly thermally conductive. Made of material, the heat energy is quickly transmitted to the outer plate 120 through the heat transfer characteristics of the inner plate body 11. When the inner plate 11 is subjected to the pressure effect of steam (hot water) (see Figure 4-2), The outer plate body 12 is driven to biaxially expand to further press the mud cake, and the heat energy of steam or hot water is transferred to the cake to vaporize the water', thereby reducing the volume of the mud cake and reducing the moisture content of the mud cake. In addition, the filter chamber 12 can be evacuated through the vacuum suction port 126 of the filtrate 7, and the vacuum can reduce the moisture in the mud cake, and the gas is easily vaporized at a lower temperature, thereby greatly reducing the mud cake. Moisture content. Based on the above-mentioned 'the filter plate 100 of the present invention, the outer plate body 120 to the outer plate body 120 to have the characteristics of the elastic filter body, and the inner layer plate body 110 has at least 1288020 〜 high heat conduction characteristics, so that the filter plate 100 is integrated into a single filter plate. In addition to the multiple functions, the best solid-liquid separation effect can be obtained. Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a structural diagram of the internal chamber U1 of the filter plate 1 of the present invention. A plurality of reinforcing ribs 112 may be disposed in the cavity of the inner layer plate 110. The reinforcing ribs 112 are in this embodiment. For example, the above arrangement is interlaced to further strengthen the structural strength of the entire filter plate and ensure the pressurized/heated fluid passage. In summary, the filter plate of the present invention has at least the following advantages: 1. The filter plate of the present invention comprises a filter plate composed of an inner plate body and an outer plate body, and the inner and outer plate bodies are composed of different material properties, so that A single filter plate can have different functions as required. 2. The filter plate of the invention is installed in a filter press, and can be applied to urban and industrial sludge dewatering, ceramic industrial ingredients, mining, chemical industry, soy sauce manufacturing press, sugar press, pigment dye manufacturing, wine press, electricity The clock industry (metal hydroxide sludge) and other solid-liquid separation process industries have high practicability. The detailed description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Within the scope of the patent. 1288020 [Simple description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the filter plate of the present invention. Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the filter plate of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1 of the filter plate of the present invention. Figures 4-1 to 4-2 are diagrams showing the state of use of the filter plate of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing the internal structure of the filter plate of the present invention.
主要元件符號說明 100 · · • · ••濾板 110 · · • · · ·内層板體 m · · • · · ·腔室 112 · · • · ••補強肋 120 · · • · · ·外層板體 121 · · • · ••濾室 122 · · ··••高分子材料過濾本體 123 · · •···污泥入口 124 · · • · · ·加壓/加熱流體入口 125 · · • · · ·加壓/加熱流體出口 126 · · • · · ·濾液/真空抽吸口 127 · · •···濾液導槽 11Main component symbol description 100 · · • · • • Filter plate 110 · · · · · · Inner plate m · · · · · · Chamber 112 · · • · •• Reinforcement rib 120 · · · · · · Outer plate Body 121 · · · · • • Filter chamber 122 · · ·••• Polymer material filter body 123 · · ···· Sludge inlet 124 · · · · · · Pressurization / heating fluid inlet 125 · · • · · Pressurization/heating fluid outlet 126 · · · · · · Filtrate / vacuum suction port 127 · · ···· filtrate guide groove 11