!28153〇 王久、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用於調整一發動機之空轉狀態之自動 随成制裝置，特定言之，係關於熱蠟型自動阻流控制裝 置’在m裝置中，藉由對一加熱器供能使一節流閥之旁路 通遒關閉。 【先前技術】 取近這些年 、 田於叫做，，噴射奋π m种赁射装罝已得到 廣&應用，控制燃料適時噴射及燃料喷射量，也即控制空 氣燃料比已變得更容易了，纟能夠促進諸如更高效輸出， 車又）的燃料消耗量，更清潔的排氣及其類似物。 、、此外也已發展了各種各樣的自動阻流器，藉由這些阻 一可在毛動機冷起動時自動增加發動機的轉動速度。在 員自動阻机态中’有一種熱蠟型自動阻流器，其藉由對 、、加為為供⑲使-節流閥之旁路通道關閉，例⑹，可對其 :周正使传·在較低溫度下，犧的縮合使該節流閥（如 :、、閥)向上拉來打開旁路通道，在較高溫度下，蠟的膨脹 :闕向下壓來關閉旁路通道。如果旁路通道是， 進氣量就增加，所以驻山 猎由則述空氣燃料比控制噴射大量掀 料，其又增加了私命ί她A人& ^ 里Λ…、 I動機的轉動速度。對蠟供熱之瓿 加熱器，當對加熱^人w 土 …、原疋〜 的仏給旎:s時，就使蠟的溫度逐漸 於是在較低溫度下開荽的隼* 又、新升向， 動阻㈣。 ^〜路通道就逐漸關閉來充當—自 【發明内容】 86605 1281530 [本發明要解決之問題] 傳統的自動阻流器加熱器的設置使得發動機—起動後立 即對加熱器供給能量。由认 由A對不同的加熱器蠟的加熱特性 大致都近似為一常數’所以從發動機開始起動到如上所述 ㈣閉旁路通道所需時間是近心變的。然而，發動機冷 起動時的溫度不同時（例如’依賴於天氣是冷敍熱），加熱 所需的時間也是變化的。因^傳統的自動阻流器存在一 問題，即不可能根據發動機冷起動時的溫度進行加教。同 樣，加熱所需時間也隨大氣壓而變化。例如’在大氣壓低 的向海拔區’由於同樣大小之旁路通道的開口所提供之進 耽里較少’所以必然使發動機轉動速度降低，並需要更長 的時間來加熱。然％，由於在傳統的自動阻流器中，如上 所述在關閉旁路通道前所需之時間係、不變的，所以不可能 根據大氣尽進行加熱。 考慮到前面所述，本發明之—目的係提供—自動阻流控 制裝置’其能夠根據發動機在冷起動時的溫度以及氣壓之 變化進行加熱。 [解決問題之手段] 為解決前面所述之問題，根據中請專利範園第i项之於明 係一種自動阻流控制裝置，其中藉由供能一加熱器使1 流閥之旁路通道關閉，其特徵為包括用以探測—發動機溫 度之發動機溫度探測裝置以及用以控制對一加熱器供能2 態之控制裝置，該控制裝置包括供能開始延遲時間設：裝 置，其用於根據由該發動機溫度探測裝置測得的發動機溫 86605 广 〆 皿 1281530 度來汉疋_對該加熱器供能之開始延遲時間，當由該發動 機溫度探測裝置測得發動機溫度較低時，可調整該供能開 l這時間$又足裝置，以增加對該加熱器之開始供能延遲 時間。 根據申請專利範圍第2項之發明係一種自動阻流控制裝 置，其中藉由供能一加熱器使一節流閥之旁路通道關閉， 其特徵為包括用以探測一氣壓之氣壓探測裝置以及用以控 制對一加熱器供能狀態之控制裝置，該控制裝置包括供能 開始延遲時間設定裝置，其用於根據由該氣壓探測裝置測 得的氣壓來設定一對該加熱器之供能開始延遲時間，當由 該氣壓探測裝置測得氣壓較低時，可調整該供能開始:遲 時間設定裝置，以增加對該加熱器之開始供能延遲時間。 根據申請專利範園第3項之發明係—種自動阻流控制裝 置，其中藉由供能一加熱器使一節流閥的旁路通道關閉， 其特徵為包括用以冑測一發動機溫度之發動機溫度探測裝 置，用以探測一氣壓之氣壓探測裝置以及用以控制對一加 熱器態之控制裝置，該控制裝置包括供能開始延遲 争門a足取置其用於根據由該發動機溫度探測裝置測得 的發動機溫度及該氣壓探測裝置測得的氣壓來設定—對= 加熱器之供能開始延遲時間，當由該發動機溫度探測裝^ 測得發動機溫度較低時，可調整該供能開始延遲時間^定 裝置，以增加對該加熱器之供能開始延遲時間，且當 氣壓探測裝置測得氣壓較低時，亦可調整該供能開始： 時間設定裝置’以增加對該加熱器之供能開始延遲時？ 86605 ' 1281530 根據申請專利範圍第4項之發明係一種自動阻流控制裝 置’其中藉由供能一加熱器使一節流閥之旁路通道關閉， 其特被為包括用以探測一發動機溫度之發動機溫度探測裝 置以及用以控制對一加熱器供能狀態之佔空率控制裝置， 泫控制农置包括佔空率設定裝置，其用於根據由該發動機 溫度探測裝置測得的發動機溫度來設定一對該加熱器供能 狀怨之佔空率，當由該發動機溫度探測裝置測得發動機溫 度較低時，可調整該佔空率設定裝置，以減小該工作狀態 比率。 根據申請專利範圍第5項之發明係/種自動阻流控制裝 置’其中藉由供能一加熱器使一節流閥之旁路通道關閉， 其特徵為包括用以探測一氣壓之氣壓探測裝置以及用以控 制對加熱益供能狀態之佔空率控制装置，該控制裝置包 括佔空率設定裝置，其用於根據由該氣壓探測裝置測得的 氣來设A —對該加熱器供能狀態之佔空率，當由該氣壓探 測裝置測得氣壓較低時，可調整該佔空率設定裝置，以減 小該工作狀態比率。 根據申凊專利範圍第6項之發明係一種自動阻流控制裝 置，其中藉由供能一加熱器使一節流閥之旁路通道關閉， 其特徵為包括用以探測一發動機溫度之發動機溫度探測裝 置，用以探測一氣壓之氣壓探測裝置以及用以控制對一加 熱器供能狀態之佔空率控制裝置，該控制裝置包括佔空率 口又疋衣置，其用於根據由該發動機溫度探測裝置測得的發 動機溫度與由該氣壓探測裝置測得的氣壓來設定一對該加 86605 1281530 熱备供此狀怨之佔空率，當由該發動機溫度探測裝置測得 發動機溫度較低時，可調整該佔空率設定裝置，以減小該 工作狀悲比率’或當由該氣壓探測裝置測得氣壓較低時， 亦可調整該佔空率設定裝置，以減小該工作狀態比率。 【貫施方式】 本發明之一第一具體實施例如下所述。 圖1疋一整體結構示意圖，其表示一用於一摩托車之發動 機之一實例及其控制裝置。發動機丨是一相對小排氣量之單 缸、四衝程發動機，其包括一汽缸體2、一曲軸3、一活塞4、 一燃燒室5、一進氣管6、一進氣閥7、一排氣管8、一排氣 閥9、一火星塞1〇及一點火線圈u。在進氣管6内有一節流 閥12，其根據加速器開口調整為打開/關閉，在該進氣管6 上距該即流閥12下游一側有一作為燃料噴射裝置之噴射器 13攻賣射斋13連接至設置在一燃料箱19中之一過漉器 Μ、一燃油泵π及一壓力控制閥16。 在該進氣管6之該節流閥12區域提供一旁路通道6a，該旁 路通道從節流閥12旁邊通過，且在該旁路通道以裏提供一 自動阻流器14。該自動阻流器14屬於熱蠟型，其中，藉由 —加熱器23的供能使該旁路通道6a關閉，如上所述，在該 發動機1冷起動時，蠟的縮合使該閥（如一提升閥）上拉以打 開泫万路通道，當由於對該加熱器23供能而使蠟的溫度升 鬲時，蠟的膨脹使該閥下推以關閉該旁路通道。該加熱器 23屬於一所謂PTC (正溫係數熱敏電阻）型，能夠藉由控制 笔值來調整其加熱特性。 86605 1281530 該發動機1的操作條件與該自動阻流器14之加熱器之供 能狀態由一發動機控制單元15來控制，該發動機控制單元 15具有一處理器（如一微電腦）。作為探測該發動機控制單元 15的控制輸入或該發動機丨操作條件之裝置，所提供之裝置 包括··一用來探測該曲軸3的旋轉角度或相位之曲軸角度感 測器20; —用來探測該汽缸體2的溫度或冷卻水的溫度或一 發動機體的溫度之冷卻水溫度感測器21; 一用來探測排氣 管8内的空氣燃料比之排出空氣燃料比感測器22 ; 一用來探 測該進氣管6内進氣壓力之進氣壓力感測器24 ;以及一用來 探測該進氣管6内溫度或進氣溫度之進氣溫度感測器乃。該 發動機控制單元15輸入由這些感測器探測到的信號，並向 燃油泵17、壓力控制閥16、噴射器13、點火線圈"及加熱 器23輸出控制信號。 現在，將說明一種藉由該進氣壓感測器24探測到的進氣 壓來偵測大氣壓的方法。例如，當該發動機以如同空轉之 相對慢速度下運轉時’也就是該發動機負载很小時，：發 現在即將打開進氣閥之前之進氣壓約等於大氣壓。因此， 在此具體實施例中’當該發動機轉動速度很低時，在即將 要打開進耽閥（w，藉由進氣壓便可測得大氣壓。當由該 發動機控制單元15來控制發動機操作條件時也f要:用= 氣壓’在某些情況下，在該發動機控制單元15中提供一大 氣壓探測部件來_大氣壓，可_與本發明沒有直接關 係’所以省略了其詳細描述。 86605 下一步，將利用圖2之流程圖來描述在該發動機控制單元 -10- 1281530 15中執行的對加熱器供能控制之處理。圖2的處理是在每__ 預定抽樣時間ΛΤ内藉由_計時器中斷處理㈣行，例如， ^設足為發動機開始轉動之後大約1G毫秒。儘管該流程圖 專門的傳遞資訊步驟，但由該處理所獲取的資訊在 :儲存裝置中不斷地更新和存儲，必要時，可以從該儲存 衣置中讀出該處理所需的資訊或程式。 在該處理中，首先在步驟S1，讀取氣壓探測部件由進氣 愚所測得之大氣壓與冷卻水溫度感測器所測得之冷卻水溫 度或者是發動機溫度，用於根據圖3之控制圖設定一供能開 =延遲時間D。圖3之控制圖的水平軸代表發動機溫度，垂 Γ 二表供能開始延遲時間’把大氣壓作為-參數來緣 衣進订調整，使得在較低的發動機溫度和大氣壓下， 供能開始延遲時間增加。 接者進入處理步驟S2，在該步驟中利用步驟^中雙定 的供能開始延遲時間D來執行對加熱器23的供能控制； 有了此加熱器供能控制，從發動機開始轉動經過該 開始延遲時間D後開始對該加熱器23供能’如圖4a所于^ 增’如果不對該加熱器23供能，爾不會:二如 斤以:即流閥12之該旁路通道㈣呆持開啟。例如，如 對目前發動機溫度及大氣壓所期望之發動機轉办 =特徵欲由圖4b中虛線表示，並且如果發動機轉^ 度隨時間之改、變，十P $义 ^ 泰動機開始轉動後立即對加熱器 /、月“’發動機轉動速度隨時間變化之特徵由圖锻 丄泉所π ’從發動機開始轉動經過一供能開始 二BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic manufacturing device for adjusting an idle state of an engine, and more particularly to a hot wax type automatic flow blocking control device. 'In the m unit, the bypass of the throttle valve is closed by supplying a heater. [Prior Art] In recent years, the field is called, and the jet 奋 种 赁 赁 has been widely used to control the timely injection of fuel and the amount of fuel injected, that is, it has become easier to control the air-fuel ratio.纟 can promote fuel consumption such as more efficient output, car and fuel, cleaner exhaust and its analogues. In addition, various automatic chokes have been developed, by which the rotational speed of the engine is automatically increased when the yarn is cold-started. In the automatic resistance state, there is a hot wax type automatic flow blocker, which is closed by the bypass passage of the 19-throttle valve, for example (6), which can be: • At lower temperatures, the condensation condensation pulls the throttle valve (eg, valve) up to open the bypass passage. At higher temperatures, the wax expands: 阙 presses down to close the bypass passage. If the bypass channel is, the amount of intake air will increase, so the airborne fuel will control the injection of a large amount of dip, which increases the private life of her A person & ^ LiΛ..., I motive rotation speed . For the heating of the wax heater, when the heating is performed, the temperature of the wax is gradually increased at a lower temperature, and the new temperature is increased. Toward, dynamic resistance (four). The channel is gradually closed to act as a self-disclosure - 86605 1281530 [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The conventional automatic choke heater is arranged such that the engine - immediately after starting, energizes the heater. The heating characteristics of the different heater waxes by the reference A are approximately equal to a constant', so starting from the start of the engine to the above (4) The time required to close the bypass passage is near-heart-changing. However, when the temperature at which the engine is cold-started is different (e.g., depending on the weather is cold heat), the time required for heating also varies. There is a problem with the conventional automatic choke, that is, it is impossible to teach according to the temperature at the cold start of the engine. Also, the time required for heating varies with atmospheric pressure. For example, 'in the elevation zone where the atmospheric pressure is low' is less than the opening provided by the opening of the bypass passage of the same size, so the engine rotation speed is inevitably lowered, and it takes a longer time to heat. However, since in the conventional automatic choke, the time required before the bypass passage is closed as described above is constant, it is impossible to perform heating according to the atmosphere. In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic choke control device which is capable of heating in accordance with changes in temperature and air pressure of the engine during cold start. [Means for Solving the Problem] In order to solve the problems mentioned above, according to the automatic blocking control device of the Ming Department of the patent application, the i-way valve is bypassed by a heater. Shutdown, characterized in that it comprises an engine temperature detecting device for detecting an engine temperature and a control device for controlling a state of energizing a heater, the control device comprising an energy supply start delay time setting device: The engine temperature 86605 measured by the engine temperature detecting device is 1,815,530 degrees, and the starting delay time for energizing the heater is adjusted when the engine temperature is low by the engine temperature detecting device. The power supply is turned on and the device is added to increase the power supply delay time for the heater. The invention according to claim 2 is an automatic choke control device in which a bypass passage of a throttle valve is closed by an energizing heater, and is characterized in that it includes a gas pressure detecting device for detecting a gas pressure and a control device for controlling a state of energizing a heater, the control device including an energization start delay time setting means for setting a pair of heating start delays of the heater based on the air pressure measured by the air pressure detecting means Time, when the air pressure measured by the air pressure detecting device is low, the energy supply start: the late time setting device can be adjusted to increase the start energy supply delay time of the heater. According to the invention of claim 3, the invention relates to an automatic choke control device in which a bypass passage of a throttle valve is closed by an energy supply heater, which is characterized in that it comprises an engine for detecting an engine temperature. a temperature detecting device for detecting a pressure detecting device of a gas pressure and a control device for controlling a heater state, the control device comprising a power supply to start delaying the door and abutting it for use according to the engine temperature detecting device The measured engine temperature and the air pressure measured by the air pressure detecting device are set - pair = heater start delay time, when the engine temperature is detected by the engine temperature detecting device, the energy supply can be adjusted to start The delay time is fixed to increase the energization start delay time of the heater, and when the air pressure detecting device detects that the air pressure is low, the energy supply can also be adjusted to start: the time setting device 'to increase the heater When the energy supply starts to delay? 86605 ' 1281530 The invention according to claim 4 is an automatic choke control device in which the bypass passage of the throttle valve is closed by energizing a heater, which is specifically included to detect an engine temperature. An engine temperature detecting device and a duty ratio controlling device for controlling a state of energizing a heater, wherein the control farm includes a duty ratio setting device for setting according to an engine temperature measured by the engine temperature detecting device A rate of duty is applied to the heater, and when the engine temperature is low by the engine temperature detecting means, the duty ratio setting means can be adjusted to reduce the operating state ratio. The invention relates to an automatic flow blocking control device according to claim 5, wherein the bypass passage of the throttle valve is closed by energizing a heater, and is characterized by comprising a gas pressure detecting device for detecting a gas pressure and a duty ratio control device for controlling a state of heating energy supply, the control device comprising duty ratio setting means for setting A according to gas measured by the air pressure detecting means - energizing the heater The duty ratio, when the air pressure measured by the air pressure detecting device is low, the duty ratio setting device can be adjusted to reduce the working state ratio. The invention according to claim 6 is an automatic choke control device in which a bypass passage of a throttle valve is closed by an energizing heater, which is characterized by including an engine temperature detecting for detecting an engine temperature. a device for detecting a pressure detecting device of a gas pressure and a duty ratio controlling device for controlling a state of energizing a heater, the control device comprising a duty ratio opening and a garment for use according to the temperature of the engine The engine temperature measured by the detecting device and the air pressure measured by the air pressure detecting device are used to set a pair of the 86605 1281530 hot standby for the duty ratio of the complaint, when the engine temperature is low measured by the engine temperature detecting device The duty ratio setting device may be adjusted to reduce the work rate sorrow ratio 'or when the air pressure detecting device detects that the air pressure is low, the duty ratio setting device may also be adjusted to reduce the working state ratio . [Complex Mode] A first embodiment of the present invention is as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an overall structure of an engine for a motorcycle and a control device therefor. The engine 丨 is a relatively small displacement single-cylinder, four-stroke engine including a cylinder block 2, a crankshaft 3, a piston 4, a combustion chamber 5, an intake pipe 6, an intake valve 7, and a An exhaust pipe 8, an exhaust valve 9, a spark plug 1 and an ignition coil u. In the intake pipe 6, there is a throttle valve 12 which is adjusted to open/close according to the accelerator opening, and an injector 13 as a fuel injection device is sprayed on the intake pipe 6 from the downstream side of the flow valve 12 The gate 13 is connected to one of the fuel tanks 19, a fuel pump π, and a pressure control valve 16. A bypass passage 6a is provided in the region of the throttle valve 12 of the intake pipe 6, the bypass passage passing by the throttle valve 12, and an automatic choke 14 is provided in the bypass passage. The automatic choke 14 is of the hot wax type, wherein the bypass passage 6a is closed by the supply of the heater 23, as described above, when the engine 1 is cold-started, the condensation of the wax causes the valve (such as a The poppet valve is pulled up to open the Wan Wan channel, and when the temperature of the wax rises due to the energization of the heater 23, the expansion of the wax causes the valve to be pushed down to close the bypass passage. The heater 23 is of a so-called PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient Thermistor) type, and its heating characteristics can be adjusted by controlling the pen value. 86605 1281530 The operating conditions of the engine 1 and the state of energy of the heater of the automatic choke 14 are controlled by an engine control unit 15, which has a processor (such as a microcomputer). As means for detecting the control input of the engine control unit 15 or the operating conditions of the engine, the apparatus provided includes a crank angle sensor 20 for detecting the angle or phase of rotation of the crankshaft 3; a cooling water temperature sensor 21 of the temperature of the cylinder block 2 or the temperature of the cooling water or the temperature of an engine body; a discharge air-fuel ratio sensor 22 for detecting the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust pipe 8; An intake pressure sensor 24 for detecting the intake pressure in the intake pipe 6, and an intake air temperature sensor for detecting the temperature or the intake air temperature in the intake pipe 6. The engine control unit 15 inputs signals detected by these sensors, and outputs control signals to the fuel pump 17, the pressure control valve 16, the injector 13, the ignition coil " and the heater 23. Now, a method of detecting the atmospheric pressure by the intake pressure detected by the intake pressure sensor 24 will be explained. For example, when the engine is operating at a relatively slow speed like idling, i.e., the engine load is very small, it is found that the intake pressure before the intake valve is about to open is approximately equal to atmospheric pressure. Therefore, in this embodiment, 'when the engine rotational speed is low, the intake valve is about to be opened (w, the atmospheric pressure can be measured by the intake pressure. When the engine operating condition is controlled by the engine control unit 15 It is also necessary to use: = air pressure 'in some cases, the atmospheric pressure detecting means is provided in the engine control unit 15 to _ atmospheric pressure, which may not be directly related to the present invention', so its detailed description is omitted. 86605 Next The process of energizing the heater performed in the engine control unit -10- 1281530 15 will be described using the flow chart of Fig. 2. The process of Fig. 2 is by _ timing every __ predetermined sampling time ΛΤ The interrupt processing (four) line, for example, ^ is set to about 1G milliseconds after the engine starts to rotate. Although the flow chart specifically transmits information steps, the information acquired by the processing is continuously updated and stored in the storage device, necessary At this time, information or a program required for the processing can be read from the storage clothing. In this processing, first, in step S1, the reading air pressure detecting means is measured by the air intake fool. The atmospheric pressure and the cooling water temperature measured by the cooling water temperature sensor or the engine temperature are used to set an energizing on = delay time D according to the control chart of Fig. 3. The horizontal axis of the control chart of Fig. 3 represents the engine temperature. , coveted two table energy supply start delay time 'atmospheric pressure as a parameter to the edge garment binding adjustment, so that at lower engine temperature and atmospheric pressure, the energy supply start delay time increases. The receiver enters the processing step S2, where In the step, the energization control of the heater 23 is performed by using the energy supply start delay time D in the step ^; with the heater power supply control, the heating is started after the engine starts rotating through the start delay time D. If the heater 23 is not energized, if it is not energized, the heater 23 will not be: Engine temperature and atmospheric pressure desired engine transfer = characteristic to be indicated by the dotted line in Figure 4b, and if the engine rotation changes with time, the ten P $ Yi ^ Thai motivation starts to turn immediately after the heater /, month "The characteristic of the engine's rotational speed changing with time is started by the forging of the engine from the engine π ’
86605 、义時間D 1281530 後開始執行對該加熱器23供能，則發動機轉動速度或空轉 速度可被移動至如圖4b之實線所示，其接近於期望空轉速 度特徵。 菘供能開始延遲時間D的設定使得當發動機溫度及大氣 昼較低時該延遲時間D增加。如上所述，在發動機開始轉動 時，對於較低的發動機溫度及就進氣量而言較低的大氣壓 所需要的加熱時間更長。因&，如果能根據這些參數設定 該供能開始延遲時間D，就可以根據發動機溫度及大氣壓進 行加熱。 π，册要描述本發明之自動阻流控制裝置之一第二 具財施例。儘管此具體實施例發動機之—般結構與圖^ ^第-具ff實施例—樣，但在此具體實施例中，該加熱 ::下所述是受佔空率控制’在該發動機控制單元15中 有4魏（脈寬調變）驅動電路，對其進行調整，使得一來 =理器(如一微電腦)之佔空率控制信號轉換成一將要 器23的脈衝調變驅動信號。該佔空率係該脈 動信號之工作狀態比率，其已為吾人所孰知。 2具體實施例中，在該發動機控制單元15中執行的對 加熱益供能控制的處理已從声 理變成由圖5中流程圖所示。圖5的二；…心處 時間ΔΤ内藉由—計時器 疋在母—預定抽樣 為發動機開始轉動之後大約i:毫例如’ ΔΤ設定 專門的傳遞資訊步驟，由該處理^被L以流程圖未提供 置中不斷地更新和存儲 昧，二:的資訊在-儲存裝 86605 ^可仗孩儲存裝置中讀出 .12- 1281530 該處理所需的資訊或程式。 在此處理中，首先在步驟S11，讀取由氣壓探測部件探測 的進氣壓而得到大氣壓，以及由冷卻水溫度感測器測得冷 卻水溫度或者說是發動機溫度，用於根據圖6之控制圖設定 忒加熱态23之佔空率能率，該佔空率與從發動機開始轉動 所經過之時間有關。圖6之控制圖包含兩圖表，其一圖為圖 ^在汸圖中把一可達到的佔空率D/T〇設定成與測得的大 氣壓atm相關聯，另一圖為圖仍，在該圖中利用可達到的佔 空率D/TG及發動機溫度把一佔空率能率設定成與經過時間 相關驷。圖6a之控制圖係設計成使得可達到之佔空率 可以隨著大氣壓atm升高而增加。圖6b之控制圖係設計成隨 著經過的時間而使佔空率增加到可達到之佔空率d/Tq而飽 和，同時使件佔空率能率可隨著發動機溫度的升高而增 加。也就是說，發動機溫度越高及大氣壓越高，佔空率能 率越大。 、接著處理進行到步驟S12，這—步中利用步驟su中設定 之佔空率能率使加熱器23之供能狀態由佔空率來控制。 在該加熱器供能控制下’舉例而言，如果可達到的佔空 率D/T0是100%，亦即如果大氣壓高而發動機溫度低，在發 動機開始轉動後到達加熱器23之驅動信號之估空率能率逐 漸增加，如圖7a所示（時間軸被縮短），經過一定時間之後， 達到凡王i、“大恶。已為吾人所熟知，因為佔空率控制能 夠控制電流值，所以-更大的佔空率對加熱器抑生一更 大的電流值，而-較小佔空率對加熱器23產生一較小的電 86605 -13- 1281530 直。這表示佔空率允許控制加熱特性並且 咨23控制可達到的蠟的溫度。 曰口扁 例如’如果對於當前發動機溫度，發動機 或空轉速度特徵由圖7b中虛& τ力速度 時間…，、…如果發動機轉速隨 < π P當發動機—開始轉動後立即 供能時，發動機轉動速度隨時間變化特徵由圖7b"= 供能時，使給加熱器23的-驅動信號:佔空 率或工作狀悲比率減^ 性> A ^ ^ A H斋23放慢了蠟的加熱特 性，亚即允許自動阻流器慢慢 、行86605, after the time D 1281530 begins to energize the heater 23, the engine rotational speed or idle speed can be moved to the solid line as shown in Fig. 4b, which is close to the desired idle speed characteristic. The setting of the 菘 energization start delay time D is such that the delay time D increases when the engine temperature and the atmosphere 昼 are low. As described above, when the engine starts to rotate, the heating time required for the lower engine temperature and the lower atmospheric pressure with respect to the intake air amount is longer. Because &, if the energization start delay time D can be set based on these parameters, it can be heated according to the engine temperature and atmospheric pressure. π, the book describes a second embodiment of the automatic flow blocking control device of the present invention. Although the general structure of the engine of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment, in this embodiment, the heating: the following is the occupancy ratio control 'in the engine control unit There is a 4 Wei (pulse width modulation) driving circuit in the 15th, which is adjusted so that the duty ratio control signal of the processor (such as a microcomputer) is converted into a pulse modulation driving signal of the controller 23. This duty ratio is the ratio of the operating state of the pulse signal, which is known to us. In the specific embodiment, the processing of the heating benefit supply control performed in the engine control unit 15 has been changed from the sound to the flow chart shown in Fig. 5. Figure 2, the second; in the heart time ΔΤ by the timer 疋 in the mother - the predetermined sampling is after the engine starts to rotate about i: milli, for example, 'ΔΤ set a special transfer information step, by the process ^ by L flow chart The information is not updated and stored, and the information is stored in the storage device 86605 ^ 仗 储存 储存 . . . . . 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 In this process, first, in step S11, the intake pressure detected by the air pressure detecting means is read to obtain atmospheric pressure, and the cooling water temperature or the engine temperature is measured by the cooling water temperature sensor for control according to FIG. The graph sets the duty cycle energy rate of the heating state 23, which is related to the elapsed time since the engine began to rotate. The control chart of Fig. 6 includes two graphs, one of which is a graph in which an achievable duty ratio D/T〇 is set to be associated with the measured atmospheric pressure atm, and the other graph is still in the graph. In the figure, a duty cycle rate is set to be related to elapsed time using the achievable duty ratio D/TG and engine temperature. The control map of Figure 6a is designed such that the achievable duty cycle can increase as the atmospheric pressure atm increases. The control diagram of Figure 6b is designed to saturate the duty cycle to the achievable duty cycle d/Tq as time elapses, while allowing the component duty rate to increase as the engine temperature increases. That is to say, the higher the engine temperature and the higher the atmospheric pressure, the higher the duty ratio energy. Then, the process proceeds to step S12, in which the energy supply state of the heater 23 is controlled by the duty ratio by the duty ratio energy set in the step su. Under the heater energization control, for example, if the achievable duty ratio D/T0 is 100%, that is, if the atmospheric pressure is high and the engine temperature is low, the drive signal to the heater 23 is reached after the engine starts to rotate. The rate of vacancy rate increases gradually, as shown in Figure 7a (the time axis is shortened). After a certain period of time, it reaches the king, "big evil. It is well known to us because the duty ratio control can control the current value, so - a larger duty cycle suppresses a larger current value for the heater, and a smaller duty cycle produces a smaller electrical charge 86605 - 13-1281530 for the heater 23. This indicates that the duty cycle allows control The heating characteristics and control 23 control the temperature of the achievable wax. For example, if the current engine temperature, the engine or idling speed is characterized by the virtual & τ force velocity time in Fig. 7b, ..., if the engine speed follows < π P When the engine is powered immediately after the start of rotation, the characteristic of the engine's rotational speed as a function of time is as shown in Fig. 7b"= When the power is supplied to the heater 23: the duty ratio or the duty ratio is reduced. > A ^ ^ A H Zhai 23 slows down the heating characteristics of the wax, and the sub-allowing of the automatic choke is slow,
之轉動速度或空轉速度能二路通W I度此夠接近期望空轉速度特徵，並下 降斜率變化較為平緩， ，、下 丁犮如圖7b中實線所示。這時，由私卢 =之控制圖中設定的佔空率對於較低的發動機溫度時並 =二時二使發動機轉動速度或空轉速度下降斜率 义口'、爱所以月匕夠根據發動機溫度進行加熱，亦即，當 务動機溫度低時可以增加加熱時間。 田 、另-方面，參見圖&之控制圖，大氣壓越低，佔空率也 畎越小。舉例而言，如圖8由 圖8a中所不，圖表示當大氣壓低 、’即使過了-疋時間之後，該加熱器驅動信號也不會增 U犯狀怨。耶即’蠟藉由加熱器的膨脹狀態受到 控制，以使旁路通道保持微小開啟，所以能夠保持-相對The rotation speed or the idling speed can be two-pass W I degree which is close to the desired idle speed characteristic, and the downward slope change is relatively gentle, and the lower 犮 is shown by the solid line in Fig. 7b. At this time, the duty ratio set in the control chart of the private = = for the lower engine temperature and = 2 2:00 to make the engine rotation speed or idling speed drop the slope of the mouth, 'love, so the moon is enough to heat according to the engine temperature That is, when the temperature of the motive is low, the heating time can be increased. In the field, the other side, see the control chart of the figure & the lower the atmospheric pressure, the smaller the duty ratio. For example, as shown in Fig. 8 from Fig. 8a, the graph shows that the heater drive signal does not increase when the atmospheric pressure is low, even after the lapse of time. Yeah, the wax is controlled by the expansion state of the heater so that the bypass passage is kept slightly open, so it can be maintained - relative
向的空轉速度。例如，太备网合U 杀I咼的低母拔區，如果發動機 期望轉動速度或空轉速度特徵由圖8b中虛線所示，而在氣 壓低的高海拔區，由於前面所述的進氣量問題，即使是同 樣大小之旁路通道開口也不能提供—高的發動機轉動速 86605 -14 1281530 J啊 丨开付私乂 口丨对加熱器Μ 完全供能時，如果發動機轉動速度，亦即發動機轉動速度 隨時間變化特徵如圖8b中雙點線所示，則在此具體督施例 中，如圖8b中實線所示，當對加熱器開始供能後立即減小 佔空率或工作狀態比率來減小發動機轉動速度或空轉速戶 的下降斜率，使可達到的佔空率減小來增加可達到 機轉動速度或可達到的空轉速度，以致能夠使發動機㈣ 速度隨時間變化接近於期望的空轉速度特徵。這使得:夠 根據大氣壓進行加熱，以及在空轉狀態下對發動機轉^速 度的適當控制。 、 在已經描述的自動阻流控制裝置裏 施:中採用延遲開始供能時間方法，而在第二L實= 中知由控制佔空率’但是亦可將這些功能結合在—起 即，當發動機溫度較低或大氣壓較低時，可以 門、 始供能時間，接著輸出— 堍开 發動機控鮮元衝信號。 腦。 $ 口種各樣的處理器來代替微電 [本發明之效果] 士上所逯，根據申請專利範圍項 控制裝置，當發動機浪以本裔明之自動阻流 氧^皿度較低時，便可辦 始供能之延遲時間。 ^ 曰口 士 一加滅器開 、。口此’當發動機 厣私 機開始轉動到關閉—# & 皿又車父低時’從發動 即》丨。間旁路通道所泰 以能夠相應於發動M、w洛十 、斤而時間會增加，所 条動機溫度來進行加熱。 另外，根據申請專利範園第2項 86605 、 每明之自動阻流控制 -15- 1281530 衣置，當大氣壓較低時，便可增加 延遲時間。因此，，大气壓^ 加熱器開始供能之 問門一 μ 車父低時，從發動機開始轉動到 大氣壓來進行加熱。 所以能夠相應於 :外請專利範_之本發明之自動阻 '置，發動機溫度較低及大氣壓較低時， 加熱态開始供能之延遲時間。因牟 ’、 太气茂击丄把土 田务動機溫度較低及 大乳昼較低時，從發動機開始轉 ;:::r加，一-應於發動二 裝請專利範園第4項之本發明之自動阻流控制 a動機溫度較低時，工作狀態比率會減小。因此， I:::::挪，從發動機開始轉動到關^ 万路通運所需時間會增加， 進行加熱。 所以4相應於發動機溫度來 壯:者^據申請專利範園第5項之本發明之自動阻流控制 :置，.大氣壓較低時’工作狀態比率會減小。因此，當 ^壓較低時，從發動機開始轉動到關閉_節流閥旁路: =需時間會增加，所以能夠相應於大氣壓進行加熱，並 、/匕夠在:熱後’在空轉狀態下藉由控制該節流閥旁路通 、開口來適當技制發動機轉動速度。 更，-步:根據申請專利範圍第6項之本發明之自動阻流 」衣置’當發動機溫度較低及大氣壓較低時，工作狀態 比率會減小。因此，當發動機溫度較低及 86605 一 -16- 128153〇 從發動機開始轉動到關閉一節流閥旁路通道所需時間會增 力口，所以能夠相應於發動機溫度及大氣壓來進行加熱，並 且此夠在加熱後，在至轉狀態下藉由控制該節流閥旁路通 道的開口來適當控制發動機轉動速度。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係用於一摩托車的一自動阻、;云哭心 ^ ^ 1ΔΙ, ㈡们I /瓜备和一發動機及其控 制裝置之整體結構示意圖； 圖2表示處理自動阻流加埶哭 …、叩栓制乏一罘一具體實施例 流程圖，該控制由圖1之發動機控制單元執行； 圖3係一用於圖2之處理的控制圖 圖4(a)、（b)係圖2之處理結果輪ψ^ ^ 口禾％出的一加熱器驅動信 圖解’以及藉由該處理獲得的發動 ϋ 化關係； …動為轉動速⑽時間的變 ㈣示處理自動阻流加熱器控制之一第 流程圖，其由…之發動機控制單元執行；…她例 圖6⑷、（b)係用於圖5之處理的控制圖了；’ :⑷、(b)係圖5之處理結果輸出的-加熱器驅卿之 化關係，·及 ^轉動速«時間的變 的一加熱器驅動信號之 機轉動速度隨時間的變 圖8(a)、（b)係圖5之處理結果輸出 圖解，以及藉由該處理獲得的發動 化關係。 【圖式代表符號說明】 1 發動機 86605 -17- 1281530 2 汽缸體 3 曲軸 4 活塞 5 燃燒室 6 進氣管 6a 旁路通道 7 進氣閥 8 排氣管 9 排氣閥 10 火星塞 11 點火線圈 12 節流閥 13 喷射器 14 自動阻流器 15 發動機控制單元 16 壓力控制閥 17 燃油泵 18 師檢程式 19 燃料箱 20 曲車由角度感測器 21 冷卻水溫度感測器 22 排出空氣燃料比感測器 23 加熱器 24 進氣壓力感測器 -18- 86605 1281530 25 進氣溫度感測器 S1 設定供 S2 控制加 S11 設定佔 S12 控制加 能延遲時間 熱器供能 空率隨時間變化 熱器供能（控制佔空率） 86605 -19-The idling speed of the direction. For example, if the engine's desired rotational speed or idling speed is indicated by the dotted line in Figure 8b and the low-altitude high-altitude area, due to the aforementioned intake air volume, The problem is that even the same size of the bypass passage opening can not be provided - high engine rotation speed 86605 -14 1281530 J 丨 open the private 丨 丨 to the heater Μ when fully powered, if the engine rotation speed, that is, the engine The variation of the rotational speed with time is shown by the double dotted line in Fig. 8b. In this specific embodiment, as shown by the solid line in Fig. 8b, the duty ratio or work is reduced immediately after the heater is energized. The state ratio is used to reduce the engine rotation speed or the descending slope of the empty speed home, so that the achievable duty ratio is reduced to increase the achievable speed of the machine or the idling speed that can be achieved, so that the speed of the engine (4) can be changed with time. The desired idle speed characteristic. This makes it possible to heat up according to atmospheric pressure and to properly control the engine speed in the idling state. In the automatic choke control device already described, the delay start energy supply time method is adopted, and in the second L real = the control duty ratio is selected, but these functions can also be combined at the beginning, when When the engine temperature is low or the atmospheric pressure is low, the door, the initial energy supply time, and then the output – the engine control signal. brain. $ Various kinds of processors to replace the micro-electricity [The effect of the present invention] According to the patent application scope control device, when the engine wave is low in the automatic blocking oxygen of the present invention, The delay time for starting the energy supply. ^ 曰口士一一灭灭器开,. This is the case when the engine smuggler starts to turn to off - # & The bypass channel can be used to generate M, w, and tens of kilograms, and the time will increase, and the temperature of the engine will be heated. In addition, according to the application for the second section of the patent park 86605, each automatic blocking control -15-1281530 clothing, when the atmospheric pressure is low, the delay time can be increased. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure ^ heater starts to supply energy. When the vehicle is low, the engine starts to rotate from the engine to the atmospheric pressure for heating. Therefore, it can correspond to: the automatic resistance of the invention of the invention patent, when the engine temperature is low and the atmospheric pressure is low, the heating state starts to supply the delay time. Because of the 牟 ', too tempered to kill the soil and the low temperature of the motives and the lower cradle is lower, starting from the engine;:::r plus, one - should be launched in the second installment patent Fan Park item 4 In the automatic choke control of the present invention, when the temperature of the motive is low, the operating state ratio is reduced. Therefore, I:::::, the time required from the start of the engine rotation to the closing of the road will increase and heat. Therefore, 4 corresponds to the engine temperature to be strong: according to the invention, the automatic choke control of the invention according to the fifth aspect of the patent application: set, when the atmospheric pressure is low, the working state ratio is reduced. Therefore, when the pressure is low, the rotation from the engine to the closing_throttle bypass: = the time will increase, so it can be heated corresponding to the atmospheric pressure, and / / enough: after the heat 'in the idling state The engine rotational speed is appropriately controlled by controlling the throttle bypass and opening. Further, the step: the automatic choke "clothing" according to the invention of claim 6 is reduced when the engine temperature is low and the atmospheric pressure is low. Therefore, when the engine temperature is low and 86605 -16-128153 〇 from the start of the engine to the time required to close the bypass valve bypass passage, the force is increased, so it can be heated corresponding to the engine temperature and atmospheric pressure, and this is enough After heating, the engine rotational speed is appropriately controlled by controlling the opening of the throttle bypass passage in the to-rotation state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic resistance for a motorcycle, a cloud crying heart ^ ^ 1ΔΙ, (b) an I / melon and an engine and its control device;阻流埶埶埶..., 叩 制 乏 罘 具体 具体 具体 具体 具体 具体 具体 具体 具体 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图 流程图(b) The processing result of Fig. 2 is a 加热器 禾^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Flowchart heater control one of the flow charts, which is executed by the engine control unit of ...; her example Figure 6 (4), (b) is used for the control chart of the process of Figure 5; ': (4), (b) 5 processing results output - heater drive clearing relationship, · and ^ rotation speed « time change of a heater drive signal machine rotation speed with time Figure 8 (a), (b) Figure 5 The processing result output diagram, and the mobilization relationship obtained by the processing. [Illustration of symbolic representation] 1 Engine 86605 -17- 1281530 2 Cylinder block 3 Crankshaft 4 Piston 5 Combustion chamber 6 Intake pipe 6a Bypass passage 7 Intake valve 8 Exhaust pipe 9 Exhaust valve 10 Mars plug 11 Ignition coil 12 throttle valve 13 injector 14 automatic choke 15 engine control unit 16 pressure control valve 17 fuel pump 18 inspection program 19 fuel tank 20 curved car by angle sensor 21 cooling water temperature sensor 22 exhaust air fuel ratio Sensor 23 Heater 24 Intake Pressure Sensor -18- 86605 1281530 25 Intake Temperature Sensor S1 Set for S2 Control plus S11 Set to S12 Control Additive Delay Time Heater Energy Supply Rate Change with Time Energy supply (control duty ratio) 86605 -19-