TWI271463B - Shock protecting structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shock protecting structure, a shock preventing unit is composed by a layer-stacked stressing structure and two supporting structures, waste tires between the layer-stacked stressing structure are connected in horizontal and vertical direction to form a stressing screen, and several shock preventing units are combined to form a complete shock preventing structure. The stressing structure is composed by an energy-eliminating rod having several waste tires. The supporting structure lets the base end of supporting column anchor into the ground, and top end of the supporting column is provided with a frame; wherein the combining method for the shock preventing units can be the stressing structures arranged adjacent to one another and applying method of connecting adjacent tires to each other; or the stressing structures are placed with intervals and connecting screens are inserted between the stressing structures for connecting. With such, it can achieve effects of free of location limitation, good energy elimination, lower cost, easy to repair, landscaping and planting.

Description

1271463 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關-種衝擊防護構造，尤指—種以變形㈣ 方式消減衝擊能量，且利用其組成㈣進行植生綠化及景觀 塑造或作為物種樓息、交流場所之設計者。 先前技術】1271463 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a type of impact protection structure, in particular to a type of deformation (four) method for reducing impact energy, and using the composition (4) for planting greening and landscape shaping or as a species building The designer of the place of interest and communication. Prior art

安全維護。 按，-般衝擊防護構造使用在三方面―是公路邊坡的 防止落石，二是公路車輛的安全防護，三為河、海岸構造物的 已知在公路邊坡的落石防止方法有多種，例如落石防止 栅，此類型防護系統型式有多樣，一般常用有：（一）以型鋼為 支柱，背舖設以尼龍鐵絲網及鋼索編織的網層，而利用網層 的張拉力或型鋼支柱直接承受撞擊以消滅能量;(二）以型^ 為支柱，背舖設橫木條結合廢輪胎為防護系統，這種型式係 以廢輪胎、橫木條的小量變形，而將絕大部分力量傳遞至型 鋼支柱來防止落石對邊坡的撞擊。 基本上，洛石防止柵要發揮其功能的主要關鍵在於型鋼 支柱㈣設，尤其在型鋼支柱基座的設置上，無論是背舖網 :或杈木條結合廢輪胎，若要發揮其材料強度或變形用以消 月b，即在於型鋼支柱是否有穩固的支承力；另外則在於型鋼 支柱本身的強度及可變形量，當其受傳遞過來的力量或直接 表又才里擊，k兩項因素即成為防護系統發揮功能大小及是否 可產生二次消能的重要因素。 知合來說，落石防止柵防護系統有以下的缺點··（A)從基 !271463 置直至整體完成，所需費用高昂;⑻防護網層的腐蝕及 松木條的耐久性及變形問題;(c)背舖網層除在型鋼支柱幾 近剛性支科才能產生最大消能功效，㈣卩使是如此，網層 - 利㈣及尼龍鐵絲網，以其本身㈣料特性而言，是難以 ，ft變形消能，因此無法承受大石塊及高動能的落石衝 擊，·⑼損壞修復困難，尤其在型鋼支柱受撞擊產生的變形難 以回復，同時在其基座破壞時更是如此;(E)整體上，此類防護 糸統疋屬於剛性結構，各元件受力時傳遞迅速且僅少量能量 • 由其他元件以小變形消減外，絕大部分力量是快速傳給型鋼 =而由其完全承受，又型鋼材料本身屬小變形，因此整體 Γ構無法承受大變形及產生二次消能的可能性⑽景觀單 调千乏且要雜线化，幾乎只能崎_时式處理。 在公路車輛撞擊的安全防護方面已知的方法也有多種， 例如常用的紐澤西剛性護攔或由鋼板標及支柱構成且柔性 的護杨卜紐澤西護攔是以鋼筋混凝土鑄成，其以本身的強度 直接承受車輛或落石的撞擊，要發揮其基本魏，除其本身 •的強度外，其“固基座亦是關鍵因素，惟有錫定穩固，防護的 I力能性才大；-般其以鋼筋伸人擋土牆或橋㈣作連結錫固 及埋入土層等方式處理。鋼板樑支柱防護系統，係以鋼板製 成的縱向樑，錫定於間隔排列的支柱上構成防護系統，因鋼 板較鋼筋混凝土具柔性，在受撞擊時可產生一定程度的變形 來消減能量；但支柱的穩固與否，同樣是本系統功能發揮程 度的關鍵。而基本上兩者都具有以下缺點：⑷費用高昂⑻ 鋼板樑雖較鋼筋混凝土具柔性，但變形量有限，且兩者都以 本身直接承叉撞擊，又有基座、支柱的設置問題，無法承受大 -6- 1271463 變形；（c)在受車輛或落石的高速衝擊下，容易產生大量破壞 ' 且對人、車的傷害亦極大；(D)損壞修復困難；(e)整體景觀不 佳且幾乎無植生綠化之可能。 ，已知的河、海岸構造物的維護上所使用方法並無大的 差異，基本上都是在構造物基礎前放置排列重型異形塊，以 其本身的剛性及重量抵抗浪潮的沖擊，防止構造物基礎受侵 蝕，以避免構造物的下陷及傾倒而產生破壞；但當水位在異 形塊之上，構造物是直接受浪潮衝擊並不受到保護。因此， φ 此種防羞有以下缺點··（A)以異形塊自重為防護的主要關鍵， 材料用量大且配合吊放工作量大，所需費用高昂；(B)在衝擊 極大河、海岸所需異形塊自重急遽增加，造成工作量、費用 的快速增大（C)異形塊容易流失，尤其是在趟風或洪水暴張 期間；(D)損壞除置換外幾乎無修復之可能；(E)無法與構造 物結合屬分離式防護;(F)大量水泥化造成景觀性的不良，更 無法增加其用途，如植生綠化。 【發明内容】 • 已知的衝擊防護構造，僅限於特定場所並1法交互你田 ㈣落謂止栅只使祕公路邊坡，無法用㈣輛撞擊安 防護，河、海岸構造物的維護上，而紐澤西護攔或重型異： 鬼也疋如此，同時它們都有各自的技術缺點曰 貴、損,復不易、景觀不良…等。 費用- 本&明之主要目的係欲解決先前技術限於特定場所使 用之問題，而具有不限定使用場所之功效。 本發明之另一目的，則具有高消能之功效。 1271463 本發明之又一目的，乃具有費用降低、修復容易、景觀 塑造與植生綠化之功效。 為達上述功效，本發明之結構特徵，係由層疊之受力結 構與兩支承結構組成一衝擊防護單元，且層疊受力結構間之 廢輪胎橫向及豎向連接成受力屏幕，並將數衝擊防護單元連 結成一完整的衝擊防護構造；而該受力結構由一消能桿件串 設數廢輪胎所組成；該支承結構則令承柱下部錨固於地層， 且於承柱上部組裝框架者；其中，衝擊防護單元間之連結方 式，可以受力結構相互接觸鄰接設置，且令鄰接之廢輪胎間 施相互連結之方式連結；或以受力結構具有間隔之方式設置， 且於受力結構間***連結屏幕予以連結。 【實施方式】 首先，請參閱第一、二圖所示，本發明係將層層疊置之柔 性受力結構（10)，套置於兩個剛性支承結構（20)之承柱（22) 上，組合成一衝擊防護單元。其中，柔性受力結構（10)是由許 多特殊消能構件所組合，而主要之兩大元件，一為廢輪胎 (11)，二為兩端具套環的消能桿件（12);其組合方式有兩種， 第一種是將廢輪胎（11)開孔，而以消能桿件（12)串穿過數個 開孔廢輪胎（11)所構成；第二種則是在廢輪胎（11)上設置套 環（圖未示），而以消能桿件（12)穿過此套環來組成。 而剛性支承結構（20)的組成元件主要有兩大項，一為平 面或立體框架（21)，二為支承兼錨定的承柱（22);本實施中其 係以平面或立體框架（21)之端角環體（23)套裝於承柱（22) 上部，並將承柱（22)下部錨固於支承地層中，構成懸臂式空 1271463 間架構；而可把它區分為上部結構及下部結構，上部結構是 以平面或立體框架（21)與承柱（22)上部組成，用來承受由柔 性文力結構（10)傳遞作用於承柱（22)的力量；而下部結構完 全是由承柱（22)錨固於支承地層所構成，作為上部結構可穩 定受力的穩固支承。再者，上部結構因受框架（21)的束制，所 以它的作用如基樁中的群樁效應一般，所不同的是它未必承 文軸向載重，也就是說框架（21)自重不一定由其承受，而可 能是由支承地層直接承受。此外，剛性支承結構（2〇)尚有一 φ 個極為重要的問題，即是其上、下部結構間的基座（圖未示） 設置，在未設置基座時，上、下部結構是為一體的，上部受力 是直接傳遞作用於下部結構；而若在其間設置基座，則可將 其應用擴展至上、下部結構分離設置的方向上，令基座成為 中w的傳力體，也就是上部結構之受力，先傳遞作用於基座， 再透過基座傳遞作用於下部結構；此種情況對於上、下部結 構在基座中仍為一體的狀況也是相同的。 在對衝擊防護構造的整體概念說明後，以下進一步作更 春 深入的闡述；柔性受力結構（10)之廢輪胎（11)是一種可受拉 壓的元件，必須在極大的力量作用下才可能發生破壞，一般 僅變形而未破壞，因此成為絕佳的消能元件，且對資源回收 的環保再生利用也具有重要的意義；雖然尚有許多材料也可 作為消能元件，如鋼筋混凝土板殼，但都難以比擬廢輪胎的 雙重優越性，故採用廢輪胎作為消能元件之一，是二種^佳 的方式。柔性受力結構（10)的另—組成元件為消能桿件⑽， 是受力結構（10)能否達成衝擊消能的關鍵，它所利用的是自’ 身桿件的大變形、大轉動來達成此目的；消能桿件⑽前端 1271463 為弧桿（121)，左右兩邊為尾端具套環⑽的直桿（122)，兩者 ^切線正交的方式接合，其接合可為剛接或鉸接；此桿件是 和用5瓜桿（121)受力時，因拱孤力學特性產生軸向推力 ，對左 直桿（122)產生擠壓作用，而使左右兩直桿相對剛 =支承結構⑽)的承柱（22)產生轉動；又因是以切線正交方 妾口，此軸力僅會使直桿（122)產生轉動作用，而不產生彎 矩，此情況是僅當達變形、轉動已達極限時，才有可能改變。 ^肖能桿件（12)之所以設置弧桿（121)，除利用其拱孤轴推 ^卜’尚有一重要原因，即桿件因設置成拱弧形可產生大變 形’這可想像成將一直桿在其兩端施力壓縮使其形成一弧样 形狀，值其兩端在梹狐受力時，又立即受其推擠而逐漸恢復 千直狀態，前述兩端施力的比喻是將桿件預製成該形狀而已 至於，以套環（13)套置於剛性支承結構（2〇)承柱（22)的直桿 (122)，乃形成一個斜向交角以便於轉動，正如已打開之門容 易推動的情形一樣。而沒有套環（13)之其他二支承柱（22) 、；忙、（21)之上下環體（23)間設有所需高度之塾環（24)。 ® 將不同特性消能元件所組成之柔性受力結構（1〇)，即利 用廢輪胎（11)的高抗拉壓性和消能桿件（12)的大變形、轉動 (生加以結合共同消能；其組合方式有兩種，所形成的消能作 用亦有所差異。第一種是將廢輪胎Q 〇開孔，而將消能桿件 (12)穿過數個廢輪胎（11)所構成；此種組合方式，會使廢輪月A 的自由度受到較大的限制，且因消能桿件的關係，導致在受 面的廢輪胎僅具左右移動的自由度，而在多個廢輪胎級人 後，此自由度也將消失轉換為廢輪胎間的擠壓作用，此乃有 利於消能；因此，廢輪胎所受力將直接傳遞作用於消能桿件 -10- 1271463 上，導致其變形、轉動而產生消能作用，且受力傳遞過程中， 因廢輪胎須於兩端施加足夠作用力才能產生變形，故在消能 桿件變形、轉動時，其並未發生變形現象，廢輪胎在此時是為 • 保護消能桿件的直接傳力體，除非是有足夠阻滞力量或是消 ' 能桿件已達變形極限時，廢輪胎才有可能產生變形。第二種 為在廢輪胎上設置套環（圖未示），而以消能桿件穿過套環所 組成’‘在此組合中’廢輪胎的自由度幾乎不受限制，若將消能 桿件賢直來看，廢輪胎即像是附掛於其上—樣，在此種狀況 • 下會導致其受力後，傳遞於消能桿件力量的不確定性；這主 要因為消能桿件是設置於胎背，且僅以套環相連結，兩者之 門曰有，月動作用，甚至產生廢輪胎滑動至消能桿件前的現象· 因此若採用此種方法組合，其較佳的方式是將所有消能桿件 加以結合編成如網框型式，且廢輪胎間亦作橫、登向連結如 屏幕一般，使形成一共同受力體。 柔性受力結構（1 〇)套置於剛性支承結構（2 〇)有兩種方 式，其一為將柔性受力結構（10)消能桿件（12)的套環（13)，直 • 4妾套入剛性支承結構⑽的承柱⑽上’·另-種則是在剛性 . 支承結構(20)的承柱㈣上，設置活動雙套環（圖未示），其中 二套在承柱上，另一環則與柔性受力結構消能桿件的套環， 以穿設登桿之方式結合。又，柔性受力結構⑽各單元間的 f合方式有三種；第-種為不作任何連結即僅將各單元依 人套置於剛性支承結構（2〇)形成鬆散的豎向疊層，各單元為 單獨的受力體而不作力量的傳遞分佈；第二種則以連結構件 (圖未示）豎向連結在一起，使形成如一串串的豎向條，當暨向 條上的某些單元受力時，則將力量傳遞分布於整個豎^上. -11 - 1271463 ^種則是在第二種的基礎上再增加橫向的連結，使各單元 。成如柔性$力屏幕某點之受力可傳遞分佈於整個屏 幕’就如將四邊岐住的網層―樣，當某—處受力時即將發 • 料拉力作用以抵抗作用力，而力量的傳遞分布，有點類似 - 於投石於水面，其波浪向外擴散的情形一樣。 柔性受力結構⑽中，除廢輪胎（11)的拉、壓性及消能 桿件（12)的拱弧特性影料能外，龍桿件⑽的柔、勁度， 對整個消能過程有極重要的影響；同時也會使消能桿件ϋ • j廢輪胎（11)的組合，因而採取不同的方式。以消能過程而 ，太柔貝丨在X衝擊時極易使消能桿件達到極限變形轉動， 偶若桿件尚未斷裂破壞而作用仍持續，消能桿件將由原本 的擠壓轉動變換為拉回轉動，且將難以回復而造成永久性之 變形，並在受二次衝擊時，致使此拉回轉動現象持續發生，甚 至造成剛性支承結構的暴露而遭受直接的衝擊；此種現象雖 可藉”由各單元間的連結，達到一定程度的解決，但可能造成 鄰接單元的永久變形，而影響往後的衝擊防護功能。勁度太 • 大則^漏較《性，容㈣裂，而且在受衝擊過程中二由 .㈣度大使變形、轉動的發生較為困難成為以柔性受力結 構自身的結構強度抵抗衝擊，反而使應為柔性之受力結構^ 為幾近剛性結構，這就失去了以變形、轉動而消能的本音. 且其斷裂後所產生的變形為永久性的，除非廢輪胎間尚有連’ 結，否則其所有的功能將因此而消失。由以上分析可進一步 瞭解，對於較柔的桿件以穿過開孔廢輪胎進行組合較佳』 廢輪胎間的相互擠壓會對柔性桿件在變形、轉動起輔助作 用，也就是擠壓會抵消-部分的衝擊能量，且若廢輪胎間尚 -12- 1271463 2 f他連結，此種作用將更為明顯；勁度較大的桿件則以消 此知件牙過廢輪胎上所設置的套環進行組合較佳，此時正好 ^用勁度與衝擊對廢輪胎產生壓擠作用而使廢輪胎的壓縮 變形成為主要的消能作用，即使消能桿件未有大量變形、轉 動，也可達到相同的功能。無論構件的柔勁度如何將各廢輪 胎作橫、g向的連結，以形成柔性的保護屏幕，會使柔勁度對 各構件的影響程度降低，因柔性的屏幕可將衝擊作用，如投 石入水面所形成的向外擴散波浪一般，而將作用傳遞分布於 整個屏幕上，如此各構件所承受力量將比單獨狀況時小的Safe maintenance. According to the general impact protection structure, it is used in three aspects: the prevention of falling rocks on highway slopes, the safety protection of road vehicles, and the prevention of falling rocks on highway slopes. Falling stone prevention grids, this type of protection system is various, generally used: (1) with steel as the pillar, the back is laid with nylon wire mesh and steel wire mesh layer, and the tension of the mesh layer or the steel pillar directly withstand impact (2) With the type ^ as the pillar, the back-striped wooden strips combined with the waste tires as the protection system, this type is a small amount of deformation of the waste tires and cross-wood strips, and transmits most of the force to the steel-steel pillars. To prevent the impact of falling rocks on the slope. Basically, the main key to the function of the rock to prevent the grid from being used is the steel pillar (4), especially in the setting of the steel pillar base, whether it is a backing net: or a beech bar combined with waste tires, to exert its material strength. Or the deformation is used to eliminate the moon b, that is, whether the steel pillar has a stable supporting force; the other is the strength and deformability of the steel pillar itself, when it is transmitted by the force or the direct meter, the two The factor becomes an important factor in the function of the protection system and whether it can generate secondary energy dissipation. In the case of Zhihe, the falling stone prevention grid protection system has the following disadvantages: (A) from the base! 271463 until the completion of the whole, the cost is high; (8) the corrosion of the protective mesh layer and the durability and deformation of the pine strip; c) The backing net layer can produce the maximum energy dissipating effect except for the nearly rigid branch of the steel steel pillar. (4) The crucible makes it so that the mesh layer - Li (4) and the nylon barbed wire are difficult to be in terms of their own (four) material characteristics, ft Deformation and energy dissipation, so it can not withstand the impact of large rocks and high kinetic energy. (9) Difficulties in damage repair, especially in the deformation caused by impact of steel struts, it is difficult to recover, and at the same time it is more damaged when its base is broken; (E) overall In this case, the protective system is a rigid structure, and each component transmits quickly and only a small amount of energy when subjected to force. • The other components are reduced by small deformation, and most of the force is quickly transmitted to the profile steel = and it is completely withstand, and The steel material itself is small deformation, so the overall structure cannot withstand large deformation and the possibility of secondary energy dissipation. (10) The landscape is monotonous and has to be miscellaneous, and can only be processed in a timely manner. There are also a variety of methods known for the safety protection of road vehicle impacts, such as the commonly used New Jersey rigid barrier or the steel plate and the pillars, and the flexible guardian Bud New Jersey barrier is cast from reinforced concrete. Directly withstand the impact of the vehicle or falling rock by its own strength, to play its basic Wei, in addition to its own strength, its "solid base is also a key factor, only the tin is stable, the protection of the I energy is great; - It is treated by means of steel bars and retaining walls or bridges (4) for joining tin solids and burying soil layers. The steel plate beam pillar protection system is a longitudinal beam made of steel plates, and tin is fixed on spaced pillars. The system, because the steel plate is more flexible than the reinforced concrete, can produce a certain degree of deformation to reduce energy when impacted; but the stability of the pillar is also the key to the function of the system. Basically both have the following shortcomings : (4) High cost (8) Although the steel plate beam is more flexible than the reinforced concrete, but the deformation is limited, and both of them are directly impacted by their own forks, and there are problems with the setting of the base and the pillar. Unable to withstand large -6-1271463 deformation; (c) Under the high-speed impact of vehicles or falling rocks, it is easy to cause a lot of damage' and the damage to people and cars is also great; (D) damage repair is difficult; (e) the overall landscape is not There is almost no possibility of planting greening. There is no big difference in the methods used to maintain the river and coastal structures. Basically, the heavy-duty shaped blocks are placed in front of the foundation of the structure, with its own rigidity. And the weight resists the impact of the tide, preventing the structure foundation from being eroded to avoid the sagging and dumping of the structure and causing damage; but when the water level is above the shaped block, the structure is directly impacted by the tide and is not protected. Therefore, φ This type of shyness has the following shortcomings: (A) The main key to the protection of the weight of the shaped block is that the amount of material is large and the amount of work required for the lifting is large, and the cost is high; (B) the special shape required for impacting the river and the coast The block's own weight is increasing rapidly, resulting in a rapid increase in workload and cost (C) the shaped block is easily lost, especially during hurricanes or floods; (D) damage is almost impossible to repair except for replacement; ) The inability to combine with the structure is a separate protection; (F) A large amount of cementation causes poor landscape, and it is impossible to increase its use, such as planting and greening. [Invention] • The known impact protection structure is limited to specific sites. 1 method of interacting with your field (four) is that the stop gate only makes the secret road slope, can not be used (four) to hit the security, the maintenance of river and coastal structures, and the New Jersey barrier or heavy duty: the ghost is also so, while They all have their own technical shortcomings, expensive, damaged, difficult to repair, poor landscape, etc. Costs - The main purpose of this & Ming is to solve the problem that the prior art is limited to the use of a specific place, and has the effect of not limiting the use of the place. Another object of the invention is to have the effect of high energy dissipation. 1271463 Another object of the present invention is to have the effects of cost reduction, easy repair, landscape shaping and planting greening. In order to achieve the above effects, the structural features of the present invention are An impact protection unit is formed by the laminated force-receiving structure and the two supporting structures, and the waste tires between the laminated force-receiving structures are connected laterally and vertically to the force screen, and the number is The protection unit is connected to form a complete impact protection structure; and the force structure is composed of a number of waste tires arranged by a dissipative rod; the support structure anchors the lower part of the pile to the ground layer, and assembles the frame on the upper part of the pile column. Wherein, the connection manner between the impact protection units may be arranged in contact with each other by the force structure, and the adjacent waste tires may be connected to each other in a joint manner; or the force structure may be arranged in a spaced manner, and the force structure is arranged Insert the link screen to link. [Embodiment] First, referring to the first and second figures, the present invention places a layer of flexible force-receiving structures (10) placed on the pillars (22) of two rigid supporting structures (20). , combined into an impact protection unit. Wherein, the flexible force-receiving structure (10) is composed of a plurality of special energy-dissipating members, and the main two major components, one is a waste tire (11), and the other is a dissipative rod member (12) having a collar at both ends; There are two combinations. The first one is to open the waste tire (11), and the energy dissipation rod (12) is passed through several open-hole tires (11); the second is waste. A collar (not shown) is provided on the tire (11), and the energy dissipation rod (12) is formed through the collar. The components of the rigid support structure (20) mainly have two major items, one is a plane or a three-dimensional frame (21), and the other is a support and anchored column (22); in this embodiment, it is a plane or a three-dimensional frame ( 21) The end angle ring body (23) is placed on the upper part of the pillar (22), and the lower part of the pillar (22) is anchored in the supporting stratum to form a cantilever type 1271463 structure; it can be divided into an upper structure and The lower structure, the upper structure is composed of a plane or a three-dimensional frame (21) and an upper part of the column (22) for bearing the force transmitted by the flexible liter structure (10) to the column (22); and the lower structure is completely It is composed of a bearing column (22) anchored to the supporting stratum, and can be stably supported as a superstructure. Moreover, since the upper structure is bundled by the frame (21), its function is as the group pile effect in the pile, except that it does not necessarily carry the axial load, that is, the frame (21) does not have its own weight. It must be withstood by it, and may be directly absorbed by the supporting formation. In addition, the rigid support structure (2〇) still has a φ extremely important problem, that is, the base (not shown) between the upper and lower structures, and the upper and lower structures are integrated when the base is not provided. The upper force is directly transmitted to the lower structure; and if the base is disposed therebetween, the application can be extended to the direction in which the upper and lower structures are separated, so that the base becomes the force transfer body of the middle w, that is, The force of the superstructure is first transmitted to the pedestal and then transmitted to the substructure through the susceptor; this condition is the same for the upper and lower structures to be integrated in the pedestal. After explaining the overall concept of the impact protection structure, the following further elaborates further; the waste tire (11) of the flexible force structure (10) is a component that can be pulled and pressed, and must be under great force. Destruction may occur, generally only deformation without damage, so it is an excellent energy dissipating component, and is also of great significance for environmentally friendly recycling of resource recovery; although many materials can also be used as energy dissipating components, such as reinforced concrete slabs. Shell, but it is difficult to compare the double superiority of waste tires, so the use of waste tires as one of the energy-saving components is two good ways. The other component of the flexible force-receiving structure (10) is the energy-dissipating rod (10), which is the key to whether the stressed structure (10) can achieve impact energy dissipation. It utilizes the large deformation and largeness of the 'body rod'. Rotate to achieve this purpose; the front end 1271463 of the energy dissipation rod (10) is an arc rod (121), and the left and right sides are straight rods (122) with a collar (10) at the end end, and the two tangential lines are orthogonally joined, and the joint can be Just connected or hinged; when the rod is forced by the 5 melon rod (121), the axial thrust is generated due to the mechanical properties of the arch, and the left straight rod (122) is squeezed, so that the left and right straight rods are opposite. The bearing column (22) of the just = support structure (10) produces rotation; and because of the tangential orthogonal square mouth, the axial force only causes the straight rod (122) to rotate without generating a bending moment. It is only possible to change when the deformation and rotation have reached the limit. ^The reason why the Xiao can rod (12) is equipped with the arc rod (121), in addition to using its arched shaft to push the ^b, there is still an important reason, that is, the rod member can be deformed due to the arched shape. The rod is pressed and compressed at its two ends to form an arc-like shape. When the two ends are forced by the fox, they are immediately pushed and gradually restored to a thousand straight state. The metaphor of the two ends is The rod member is prefabricated into the shape, and the sleeve (13) is placed on the rigid rod (122) of the rigid support structure (2〇) of the column (22) to form an oblique angle to facilitate rotation, just as The case where the opened door is easy to push is the same. There is no other support column (22) of the collar (13); busy, (21) above the lower ring body (23) with the desired height of the ankle ring (24). ® A flexible force-receiving structure (1〇) composed of different characteristic energy-absorbing elements, that is, the high tensile strength of the waste tire (11) and the large deformation and rotation of the energy-dissipating rod (12) Energy dissipation; there are two combinations, and the energy dissipation effect is also different. The first is to open the waste tire Q and pass the energy dissipation rod (12) through several waste tires (11). This combination method will greatly limit the degree of freedom of the waste wheel A, and due to the relationship of the energy dissipation rods, the waste tires on the surface will only have the freedom to move left and right, and more After a waste tire grader, this degree of freedom will also disappear into a squeeze between the waste tires, which is beneficial to energy dissipation; therefore, the force of the waste tire will be directly transmitted to the energy dissipation rod -10- 1271463 On the top, it causes deformation and rotation to produce energy dissipation, and during the force transmission process, the waste tire must exert sufficient force at both ends to deform, so when the energy dissipation rod is deformed and rotated, it does not occur. Deformation, the waste tire is at this time is a direct transmission of the protective energy-saving rod Body, unless it is enough to block the force or eliminate the ability of the rod to reach the deformation limit, the tire can be deformed. The second is to set the collar on the waste tire (not shown), and The ability of the rod to pass through the collar is 'in this combination'. The degree of freedom of the waste tire is almost unlimited. If the energy-saving rod is straight, the waste tire is attached to it. This condition • The uncertainty that will result from the force of the energy dissipating rod after it is stressed; this is mainly because the energy dissipating rod is placed on the back of the tire and is only connected by the collar. Yes, the monthly action, and even the phenomenon that the waste tire slides before the energy-dissipating rod. Therefore, if this method is combined, the preferred way is to combine all the energy-dissipating rods into a frame type, and waste The tires are also horizontally and erected as a screen to form a common force. The flexible force-bearing structure (1 〇) is placed in a rigid support structure (2 〇) in two ways, one of which is to Force structure (10) The collar (13) of the energy dissipation rod (12), straight • 4妾 nested into the On the support column (10) of the support structure (10), the other type is on the support column (4) of the support structure (20), and a movable double collar (not shown) is set, two of which are on the support column, and the other is on the support post. One ring is combined with the collar of the flexible force-reducing structure of the energy-dissipating rod, and the method of putting the rod is put in. In addition, there are three ways of f-joining between the units of the flexible force-receiving structure (10); the first type is only for any connection, that is, only Each unit is placed in a rigid support structure (2〇) to form a loose vertical stack, each unit is a separate force-bearing body without a force transmission distribution; the second type is a joint member (not shown) Vertically joined together to form a vertical strip as a string, when some of the elements on the strip are stressed, the force is transmitted throughout the vertical. -11 - 1271463 ^ is in the first On the basis of the two types, add horizontal links to each unit. The force of a certain point on the flexible screen can be transmitted and distributed throughout the screen 'just like the net layer that wraps around the four sides. When a certain force is applied, the material pulls the force to resist the force, and the force The distribution of the distribution is somewhat similar - in the case of throwing stones on the surface of the water, the waves spread outward. In the flexible force-receiving structure (10), in addition to the pulling and pressing properties of the waste tire (11) and the arching characteristics of the energy-dissipating rod member (12), the softness and stiffness of the dragon rod member (10), the entire energy-dissipation process There is a very important influence; at the same time, the combination of the energy dissipation rods j j waste tires (11) is taken in a different way. In the process of energy dissipation, the sturdy shellfish can easily make the energy-dissipating rod reach the limit deformation rotation during the X-impact, even if the rod member has not broken and the effect continues, the energy-dissipating rod will be transformed from the original squeezing rotation to Pulling back and turning, and it will be difficult to recover and cause permanent deformation, and when subjected to secondary impact, the pulling back rotation phenomenon continues to occur, and even the exposure of the rigid supporting structure is directly subjected to direct impact; By means of the connection between the units, a certain degree of solution is achieved, but it may cause permanent deformation of the adjacent unit, which may affect the impact protection function in the future. The stiffness is too large; the larger is better than the "sex, tolerance (four) crack, and In the process of impact, the deformation and rotation of the (four) degree ambassador are more difficult to resist the impact of the structural strength of the flexible force structure itself, but the force structure that should be flexible is nearly rigid structure, which is lost. The sound that is dissipated by deformation and rotation. And the deformation produced after the break is permanent. Unless there is a knot in the waste tire, all the functions will be eliminated. It can be further understood from the above analysis that it is better to combine the softer rods with the through-hole waste tires. The mutual extrusion between the waste tires will assist the flexible rods in deformation and rotation, that is, squeeze. The pressure will offset the impact energy of the part, and if the waste tire is still connected to -12-1271463 2 f, the effect will be more obvious; the rod with higher stiffness will eliminate the tooth on the waste tire. The set of collars is preferably combined. At this time, the compression and the impact of the waste tires are caused by the stiffness and the impact, so that the compression deformation of the waste tire becomes the main energy dissipation effect, even if the energy dissipation rods are not deformed and rotated a lot. The same function can be achieved. Regardless of the stiffness of the component, the waste tires are connected in a horizontal direction and a g direction to form a flexible protective screen, which reduces the degree of influence of the stiffness on each member due to the flexibility. The screen can exert an impact effect, such as an outwardly diffusing wave formed by throwing stones into the water surface, and distribute the action on the entire screen, so that the strength of each member will be smaller than that of the single condition.

此處再對消能桿件的柔勁度調配作進一步說明，桿件的 柔勁度是與其材料的彈性模數、抗f模數與長度有直接關 係，且消能桿件⑽的弧桿⑽)與直桿（122)在消能過程中 具有不同的作用，弧桿是以變形消能，而直桿則以轉動消能; 而直桿必須具有較高的勁度，以避免在轉動過程中，產生不 必要的變形而影響其功能；因此，弧桿與直桿兩者必須具有 不同的柔、勁度，而增力。消能桿件製作的複雜度;為解決^ 一 問題，其實以調錄桿與直桿的長度最為方便即弧桿長而 直桿短，此點也會使防護構造的設置更為經濟。 以整個防護構造來看，剛十生支承結構⑽就是它的骨架， 而柔性受力結構⑽就蒙於其上的柔性表皮；此驗表皮在’ 強力的骨架支承下，具有可拉、壓的特性，而此拉壓過程所造 成的大變形與轉動，正好將其所受衝擊能量抵消而達到防= 的目的。剛性支承結構（2〇)的框架（21)，一般為三角或四角 形型式’必要時在其内加設縱、橫樑以增加其強度丨此三角或 -13- 1271463 Z角形框架在未與承柱(22)結合前，幾何體無法承受力量作 用^結合後則可形成—強固穩定的結構體且即使在不對 】架型式加以變化的情況下，它即是空間框架結構，再加上 =部結構所對它提供的支承作用，使它成為如懸臂樑般的 ’准所不同的;^懸臂樑為平面結構，而 =中空框架與承柱的特殊結合方式，使其形成空承間： ^極大的抗扭性，這對衝擊力量方向的無法確定性具有絕 ，的，越性。針對此點再進—步㈣，此就如三或四根柱各 • ί 丁設入支承地層中，在未透過結合物結合前，其為各自獨 立的散漫桿件，可承受力量小且具多向自由度·同樣地，框架 在未結合前也具有相同的現象，但一經結合，兩者的自由度 即因互制作用而受到限制，所結合的結構體可承受的力量也 因此大幅提昇，同時產生良好的抗扭性；此時㈣於支承地 層中的承柱也因框架的束制而產生群樁作㈣效應，使所結 合的空間結構體，可穩固承載受力結構傳遞作用於其上的力 量。 ，岡m支承結構的上、下部間也可以插人設置基座，而以 其為中介傳力體，不論剛性支承結構的上、下部是否分離設 置，基座都具有同樣的作用；對於上、下部—體已有諸多閣述 今著力於分離設置的說明，其上部結構仍由承柱與平面或立’ 體框架組合而成，但底端是錫固於基座上；下部結構則是將 錨固承柱之頂端錨固於基座中其下部仍錨固於支承地層中，· 上、下部結構的直接傳力方式，轉變為透過基座的間接傳力 方式，因此基座本身的結構強度即成為上力是否下達的關鍵， 在設置時對此應特別小心；同時，從此處也可發現，上、下部 -14 - !271463 結構的設置位置可^;太π _老 杈尺寸、别々 > 在同一處，且上、下部結構所採用的承 擊错；可不同，祇要其符合結構需求即可，此使得衝 場所:、的應用層面更加擴展，可運用於更多需要防護的 ㈣支承結構除作為柔性受力結構的支承外尚有其他 /重要的功能，即景觀的塑造和植生；景觀塑造的主要方 ^兩種，—是利用框架的可塑性進行造型卫作，二則為配 置豕觀構造物；_主要是與承柱結 響結構體的主要功处丁 4丨m τ =稱體，在不办 的主要功此下，利用平面或立體框架的高可塑性來 彳所而要的景觀造型，此造型卫作可分為簡單式與複雜式。 簡單式是僅針對框架的型式及尺寸予以調整，使剛性支 承結構具有空間立體感，例如在結構底部採用四角形並隨高 度而縮減其尺寸，頂部最終採用三角形型式；又可將框架以 弧形邊線方式鑄造刻此弧形的組合變化也可造出良好的 視覺感；以上兩種方式也可混合使用，同時利用此種手法將 其擴展至所冑難以結構，射構隸道㈣體 空間立體景觀。 & 複雜式則是在簡單式的基礎上，進一步在框架的可視面 作所需造景工作；例如以一構想的世界或歷史故事為背景， 進而利用框架塑造出其令的人物、動植物;又如在山坡地’ 為解說當地的環境及生態情況，也可依此而加以塑造而活 化了整個衝擊防護結構體；另配置景觀構造物，正如將掛於 室内牆體的展示物品，搬到戶外展覽一般，其所利用附掛的 牆體即是剛性支承結構，或掛於框架上，或掛於承柱，當然在 框架及承柱上會設置附掛構件以供其掛列。 -15- 1271463 剛性支承結構的另一重要功能為填土植生，此係利用其 框架的中空性加以填入植生沃土而栽種植物，並利用土工織 物來束制所填土體；整體而言，植生也可視為景觀造景的一 部分，因此在植物選種方面，除配合景觀需要外，更重要的是 要與當地環境諧合，如此也可產生生態及微調氣候的功能。 衝擊防護單元（30) 一經組成後，各單元間如何加以銜接 B成元整的共同受力體，以下第三圖予以說明；防護單 兀間的連結組合方式有好幾種，首先是使相鄰防護單元中的 柔性受力結構（1〇)相互接觸，並將接觸在一起的所有廢輪胎 ^件相互連結，使某一單元受衝擊時，可透過廢輪胎的受拉 壓=，而將力量傳遞於鄰接單元，再由其以相同方式傳遞 於次-鄰接單元，依此而持續向外傳遞，直至力量消散為 在此過私中將呈現某些較明顯的現象，第一若衝擊係正 面=用於隸f力結構且近巾央部位，則在其未產生反向變 ::’會形成向左右兩邊向外推擠鄰接單元，再由鄰接單元 已：鄰單元，而持續向週邊單元推擠下去，但若此衝擊 =柔性受力結構的反向變形，則其將由推擠而轉為拉回 力並：二種現象較為複雜，即衝擊無論是否為正面鳥^ ^、性χ力結構的中央部位附近，社右鄰接單元可 此其一受推擠，另一受力 曰 應屬相同，只是左右相反而/ 反向變形，此種現象 方式，當每-衝擊==以另―種角度來看這種組合 輪胎⑽㈣中的廢 相互連結在-起如第^ 屏幕(30)，而各屏幕間又 某一屏幕上的某點受力'，形成連續起伏的波浪一般， /、又時，除傳遞分部於本身屏幕上各點外， -16- 1271463 尚會傳匕於其他屏幕上的各點，其就 消能= 輪胎所構成的特殊 峑戸糾接屏幕，此種現象可能會較明顯，而以穿過 較^可能。的特殊消能構件，則以產生廢輪胎間的推擠現象 入柔性連結屏幕⑽而在此間隔距離中插 型，拱弧線型是_#弧力=幕_可為·、、㈣或直線 相連結的柔:受二:::::向推力特性為^ 構，俟其發生反向變料，又將柔性受 =^直_駿直接料邊㈣結雜受力 =近，在此種組合方式中，若是連結屏幕受力是以其自身的 =直接拉、«性受力結構，㈣它產生 f連結屏幕本身㈣能性較小』其所產生j 於柔性受力結構的變形量，必須注意的是弧線型内 =二= 柔性受力結構的廢輪胎或 第一種方式是在第—或第二種方式的基礎上建立第二 層防護，此防護是以狐形屏幕為主，而將其弧形桿套入剛性 支承結構的承柱上’使受力仍傳遞作用於其上，而由它來承 叉，第-層防護與第二層防護間可為中空的，即是在第一層 破壞後，第二層才發揮其功效，但此並非良策，因其浪費了 : 間的可利用性，較佳的方式係如第六、七圖所示，在此中空處 填土㈣植生（70)，此填土會形成阻滯兼中介傳力體，第一層 -17- !271463 肖4的柔性受力結構，會將其受力直接傳遞作用於土體(60) 而土體則對其產生阻滯作用，甚至使廢輪胎產生壓縮而 造成二次消能，在土體受力後即將所受力量傳遞作用於第二 層防護屏幕上，而屏幕則利用拱弧的力學特性，以軸向力推 ' _性支承結構，在上述過程中，土體的剪力也會產生消能 作用，而其自重也具同樣的功效。以整體而言，此種的防護應 屬第三層，而土體即為其另一層，以結構的觀點而言，這是： 種複合結構的防護，其中一個是外柔内剛的柔性防護結構 • 第二種為類土堤結構，兩種結構以其間的相互作用性，提供 二衝擊防護的功能。而植生⑽也產生了另—景觀功能。無 ’以何種方式結合，在所有的柔性結構前填築土提都是 於防護的，其主要作較㈣性受力結構提供阻滞功能，而 增加其消能性，又可進行植生美化防護體，另廢輪月台為内部 I空，也可在此内部填土植生，同時土體重量也可增加其消 能功效。另外，在所有柔性受力結構體的各消能構件，可藉由 其消能桿件的型式及尺寸的改變，而使豐直的屏幕改變為斜 •，形或階梯形，此不僅可增加其景觀性，也可因此減少對生 態所造成的阻隔作用。 基於如是之構成，本發明之結構分析如下·· (1)結構分析模型 ψHere, the flexibility of the energy dissipating rod is further explained. The stiffness of the rod is directly related to the elastic modulus of the material, the anti-f modulus and the length, and the arc of the energy dissipating rod (10). (10)) and the straight rod (122) have different functions in the energy dissipation process, the arc rod is the deformation energy dissipation, and the straight rod is the rotation energy dissipation; and the straight rod must have a higher stiffness to avoid the rotation During the process, unnecessary deformation is caused to affect its function; therefore, both the arc rod and the straight rod must have different flexibility, stiffness, and force. The complexity of the energy-dissipation rod production; in order to solve the problem, in fact, the length of the recording rod and the straight rod is most convenient, that is, the arc rod is long and the straight rod is short, and this point also makes the setting of the protective structure more economical. In terms of the entire protective structure, the rigid ten-bearing support structure (10) is its skeleton, and the flexible stressed structure (10) is affixed to the flexible skin on it; the test skin is stretchable and pressed under the strong skeleton support. The characteristics, and the large deformation and rotation caused by the tension and compression process, just offset the impact energy to achieve the purpose of anti-=. Rigid support structure (2〇) frame (21), generally triangular or quadrangular type 'If necessary, add longitudinal and cross beams to increase its strength. This triangle or -13 - 1271463 Z angular frame in the unsupported column (22) Before the combination, the geometry can't bear the force. When combined, it can form a strong and stable structure and even if it does not change the frame type, it is the space frame structure, plus the structure of the = part The supporting effect provided by it makes it become the same as the cantilever beam; the cantilever beam is a planar structure, and the special combination of the hollow frame and the bearing column makes it form an empty bearing space: Torsion resistance, this is the absolute uncertainty of the direction of the impact force. For this point, proceed to step (4), which is like three or four columns. Each of them is placed in the supporting formation. Before the combination of the non-transmissive bonds, they are independent diffusing rods, which can withstand small forces and have Multi-directional degrees of freedom. Similarly, the frame has the same phenomenon before it is combined. However, once combined, the degree of freedom of the two is limited by the mutual production, and the strength of the combined structure can be greatly increased. At the same time, good torsion resistance is produced; at this time, (4) the pillars in the supporting stratum are also subjected to the group pile (4) effect due to the bundle of the frame, so that the combined space structure can be stably supported by the load-bearing structure. The power on it. The upper and lower parts of the support structure of the gang m can also be inserted into the pedestal, and the intermediate force is used as an intermediate force. The pedestal has the same function regardless of whether the upper and lower parts of the rigid support structure are separated. There are many descriptions of the lower part of the body. The upper structure is still composed of the pillar and the plane or the vertical frame, but the bottom is tin fixed on the base; the lower structure is The top end of the anchoring column is anchored in the base and the lower part is still anchored in the supporting stratum. The direct force transmission mode of the upper and lower structures is transformed into an indirect force transmission mode through the base, so the structural strength of the base itself becomes The key to whether or not the force is released should be taken care of during the setting; at the same time, it can also be found from here that the upper and lower 14 - !271463 structures can be set to ^; too π _ old size, 々 々 gt; At the same place, and the upper and lower structures are used for faults; they can be different, as long as they meet the structural requirements, which makes the application level of the rushing site more extended and can be applied to more (4) supports that need protection. In addition to the support of the flexible force structure, the structure has other/important functions, namely the shaping and planting of the landscape; the main aspects of the landscape shaping are two kinds—the plasticity of the frame is used for modeling and the second is the configuration. Viewing structures; _ mainly is the main function of the joint structure with the column, D 4 丨 m τ = the body, in the main function of not doing it, using the high plasticity of the plane or the three-dimensional frame to meet the needs Landscape modeling, this style of work can be divided into simple and complex. The simple type is only adjusted for the type and size of the frame, so that the rigid support structure has a spatial stereoscopic effect, for example, the quadrilateral shape is reduced at the bottom of the structure and the size is reduced with height, and the top is finally triangular, and the frame is curved with an edge. The combination of the curved casting and the curved shape can also create a good visual sense; the above two methods can also be mixed and used, and at the same time, using this method to extend it to the difficult structure, the projecting road (four) body space stereoscopic landscape . & Complexity is based on the simple form, further making the required landscaping work on the visible side of the frame; for example, using a conceptual world or historical story as a background, and then using the framework to shape the characters, animals and plants; Another example is to explain the local environment and ecological conditions on the hillsides. It can also be molded to activate the entire impact protection structure. Another landscape structure is arranged, just like the display items hanging on the indoor wall. In the outdoor exhibition, the wall to be attached is a rigid support structure, or is hung on the frame or hung on the pillar. Of course, the frame and the pillar are provided with attachment members for hanging. -15- 1271463 Another important function of the rigid support structure is the filling and planting. This system uses the hollowness of the frame to fill the planting fertile soil and plant the plant, and uses the geotextile to bundle the filled soil; overall, Planting can also be regarded as part of landscape landscaping. Therefore, in terms of plant selection, in addition to meeting the needs of the landscape, it is more important to be compatible with the local environment, which can also produce ecological and fine-tuning functions. After the impact protection unit (30) is composed, how to connect the B-units to the common force-receiving body, as shown in the third figure below; there are several ways to connect the protection single-turn, firstly to make the phase The flexible force-bearing structures (1〇) in the adjacent protection unit are in contact with each other, and all the waste tires that are in contact with each other are connected to each other, so that when a certain unit is impacted, the tensile pressure of the waste tire can be passed through, The force is transmitted to the adjacent unit, which is then transmitted to the secondary-adjacent unit in the same manner, and continues to be transmitted outwardly until the force is dissipated to present some more obvious phenomena in this private, the first impact system Front = for the force structure and the center of the near towel, then there is no reverse change in it:: 'will form the adjacent unit to the left and right sides, and then the adjacent unit has: adjacent unit, and continues to the periphery The unit pushes down, but if the impact = reverse deformation of the flexible force structure, it will be pushed to the pull back force by pushing: the two phenomena are more complicated, that is, whether the impact is positive or not, Central part of the force structure Nearly, the right adjacency unit can be pushed one by another, and the other force should be the same, but the left and right are opposite / reverse deformation, this way, when each impact == in another angle The wastes in the combined tires (10) and (4) are connected to each other as in the second screen (30), and a certain point on a certain screen between the screens is subjected to a force, forming a continuous undulating wave, and/or, in addition to Passing the branch on each point on the screen, -16-1271463 will still be spread on the other screens, it will be able to eliminate the special 峑戸 峑戸 screen of the tire, this phenomenon may be more obvious And to pass through more than possible. The special energy dissipating component is inserted into the flexible connecting screen (10) to generate a pushing phenomenon between the waste tires, and the arching type is _#Arc force=curtain_may be ·, (4) or linear phase The softness of the connection: subject to the second::::: thrust characteristic is ^ structure, 发生 it reverse deformation, and the flexibility is subject to = ^ straight _ jun direct material edge (four) noisy force = near, in this combination In the mode, if the connection screen is stressed by its own = direct pull, «sexual force structure, (4) it produces f link screen itself (4) less energy", the amount of deformation generated by the flexible force structure must Note that the arc type is = two = the flexible tire of the flexible structure or the first way is to establish a second layer of protection based on the first or second way, the protection is mainly a fox-shaped screen, and The curved rod is sleeved on the support post of the rigid support structure, so that the force is still transmitted to it, and the fork is supported, and the first layer protection and the second layer protection can be hollow, that is, After the first layer is destroyed, the second layer plays its role, but this is not a good strategy, because it is wasted: the availability, The best way is as shown in the sixth and seventh figures. In this hollow fill (4) vegetative (70), this fill will form a block and intermediate transfer force, the first layer -17-!271463 Xiao 4 flexibility The stressed structure will directly transmit its force to the soil (60), while the soil will block it, and even the waste tire will be compressed to cause secondary energy dissipation. The force transmission acts on the second protective screen, and the screen uses the mechanical properties of the arch to push the '_-sexual support structure axially. In the above process, the shear force of the soil also produces energy dissipation. Its own weight also has the same effect. On the whole, this kind of protection should belong to the third layer, and the soil is another layer. From the structural point of view, this is: the protection of the composite structure, one of which is the flexible protective structure of the outer soft inner ring. The two types are earth-like embankment structures, and the two structures provide the function of two impact protection with the interaction therebetween. The vegetative (10) also produced another-landscape function. Nothing is combined in any way. The soil is filled in front of all flexible structures. The main function is to provide a blocking function compared with the (four) stress structure, and increase the energy dissipation and planting and beautifying. The protective body, the other waste wheel platform is internal I, and can also be filled with soil inside, and the weight of the soil can also increase its energy dissipation effect. In addition, in each of the energy dissipating members of all flexible structural members, the shape of the energy dissipating member can be changed to a diagonal shape, a shape or a step shape, which can not only increase Its landscaping can also reduce the barrier to ecology. Based on the constitution of the present invention, the structural analysis of the present invention is as follows: (1) Structural analysis model ψ

piPi

立面圖 -18- 1271463 說明：◎假設剛性支承結構為柔性受力的鉸接支承。 ◎剛性支承結構雖視為鉸接支承，但在整體上其實為 空間懸臂式結構。 ◎因此，在分析柔性受力結構時，將剛性支承視為鉸 接支承，在柔性受力結構將所受力量傳遞於其上時， 則以空間懸臂式結構型態分析剛性支承結構。 ◎ p表作用於柔性受結構外力，pi表柔性受力結構 傳遞於剛性支承結構上的力。 (2)結構變形模型Elevation diagram -18- 1271463 Description: ◎ Assume that the rigid support structure is a flexible and force-bearing hinged support. ◎The rigid support structure is regarded as an articulated support, but it is actually a space cantilever structure. ◎ Therefore, when analyzing a flexible stressed structure, the rigid support is regarded as a hinge support, and when the flexible force receiving structure transmits the received force thereto, the rigid support structure is analyzed in a spatial cantilever structure. ◎ The p-table acts on the flexible external force of the structure, and the pi-table flexible force-transmitting structure transmits the force on the rigid support structure. (2) Structural deformation model

說明：◎假設剛性支承結構為一穩固支承，在整體結構受力 變形過程中不發生位移現象。 ◎在受力變形過程中，實際的極限狀態是以消能桿件 達到破壞狀態為依據，惟其受眾多因素影響不易確 定，為使分析便利又不產生過大誤差起見，以受力 變力過程（二）之圖視為其極限狀態。Note: ◎ Assume that the rigid support structure is a stable support, and no displacement occurs during the deformation of the overall structure. ◎In the process of stress deformation, the actual limit state is based on the failure state of the energy dissipation rod, but it is difficult to determine due to many factors. In order to make the analysis convenient and not produce excessive error, the force change process (2) The map is regarded as its limit state.

極限狀態 1271463 (3)分析過程 ◎以極限狀態作為分析依據，並以分析結果計算 各元件斷面尺寸…等，且在分析過程中忽略二 胎變形所造成的效應，並假定作用力直接: 於消能桿件上。 遞 ◎柔性受力結構分析Limit state 1271463 (3) Analysis process ◎ The limit state is used as the analysis basis, and the cross-sectional dimensions of each component are calculated by the analysis results, etc., and the effect caused by the deformation of the second tire is ignored in the analysis process, and the force is assumed to be directly: Dissipate the rod. ◎Flexible force structure analysis

PP

Ra*H~ RAt RBy (4此結構為一度靜不定結構，以柔度法或勁度法分析 皆可，求出支承反力及，及财，1及各斷面―矩μ 剪力V，軸力Ν，則各斷面應力〜Ra*H~ RAt RBy (4) This structure is a static and indeterminate structure, which can be analyzed by the compliance method or the stiffness method. The support reaction force and the wealth, 1 and the section-moment μ shear force V are obtained. Axial force Ν, then each section stress ~

Z 5 A A J 〜，分別表彎矩、剪力、軸向應力；Z，A表構 件斷面模數及斷面積。 -20- 1271463 多桿件共 (b)此作用並非由單一消能桿件承受，係由 同承受，故P表分配後之作用力。 ◎剛性支承結構 ⑷Z 5 A A J ~, respectively, table bending moment, shear force, axial stress; Z, A table component section modulus and sectional area. -20- 1271463 Multi-bar joints (b) This effect is not borne by a single energy-dissipating rod, but is the same as the force of the P-table. ◎Rigid support structure (4)

PP

ratRat

Nsl (B)此處分析之 C，D，E點為 剛性支承結 構的銷定承 柱，用如衔 節分析之節 點平衡法即Nsl (B) The C, D, and E points analyzed here are the pinned columns of the rigid support structure, and the node balance method such as the link analysis is

^ Si (s2)^ Si (s2)

八 hEight h

i DE柱 可求得各柱及桿所受力量，惟須注意剛性支承結構並非 系巴對剛性無位移產生，但其位移之產生將增加消能性而 不至影響分析之安全性。 • 21 - 1271463 (C)錯定支承柱分析 此如解基樁之分析方求解被、絲土壓力分佈，及 柱與支承柱間摩擦力，據以求得柱之彎矩、剪力（m，v)及 . 抗拉拔力’則以crw = = 決定柱斷面尺寸：A _似i - 決定柱入土深度（/c表摩擦力，r表斷週長，點至二用" 點產生之外變矩；必須注意的是此分析是僅一單框架受力分 析’在實際上，此單框架將會把受力量分料其它框架: 故以此方式分析偏於安全。 ' 參 是故，本發明的效果在於幾個層面上；首先是衝擊防護 方面，藉由特殊消能構件組成的柔性受力屏幕結構以縣臂 =間框架結構支承它，而利用大變形、A轉角來消減ς擊 能量’·第二是景觀植生方面，湘剛性支承結構組成元件之 -的框架所具有的高度可塑性來進行景觀造型I作，且也 可以在剛性支承結構上配置景觀構造物，來塑造出防護體系 的空間景觀；又框架、廢輪胎中空部分及其他許多空間，都可 進仃填土植生，此再配合上述的塑造工作，使得防護體系因 • 此而活化起來；第三是環保的資源收回利用方面，防護體系 的所有柔性受力結構，採用了大量的廢輪胎作為其特殊消能 構件的組成元件之-，此對於廢輪胎的大量堆置而難以處理 的問題，提供了有效的解決方法，同時也使它具有了良好的 用途；第四是損壞修復容易，防護體系幾乎完全以組裝方式 構成，因此只要將損壞部分拆解下來，把完好構件重新組裝 上去即可。 綜上所述，本發明所揭示之技術手段，確具「新穎性」、 「進步性」及「可供產業利用」等發明專利要件，祈請鈞 -22- 1271463 局惠賜專利，以勵發明，無任德感。 惟，上述所揭露之圖式、說明，僅為本發明之較佳實施例， 大凡熟悉此項技藝人士，依本案精神範疇所作之修飾或等效 變化，仍應包括本案申請專利範圍内。 -23- 1271463 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明之衝擊防護單元分解立體圖。 第二圖係本發明之衝擊防護單元組合立體圖。 第三圖係本發明之俯視圖。 第四圖係本發明之一使用狀態參考圖。 第五圖係本發明另一使用狀態參考圖。 第六圖係本發明填土植生之俯視圖。 第七圖係本發明填土植生之側視圖 • 【主要元件符號說明】 (ίο)受力結構 (11) 廢輪胎 (12) 消能桿件 (13) 厚環 (121) 弧桿 (122) 直桿 (20)支承結構 ® (21)框架 (22)承柱 ' (23)環體 (24)墊環 (30)衝擊防護單元 (40)受力屏幕 (50)連結屏幕 -24-The i DE column can be used to obtain the force of each column and rod, but it must be noted that the rigid support structure is not caused by the rigidity of the groove, but the displacement will increase the energy dissipation without affecting the safety of the analysis. • 21 - 1271463 (C) Staggered support column analysis. The analytical solution of the solution pile is used to solve the quilt, the distribution of the earth pressure, and the friction between the column and the support column, so as to obtain the bending moment and shear force of the column. , v) and. Pull-out force' determines the section size of the column with crw = =: A _like i - determines the depth of the column into the soil (/c table friction, r table break circumference, point to two use " point In addition to the moment of change; it must be noted that this analysis is only a single frame of force analysis 'in fact, this single frame will be divided into other frameworks by force: so the analysis is safe in this way. Therefore, the effect of the invention lies in several levels; firstly, in the aspect of impact protection, the flexible force-bearing screen structure composed of special energy-dissipating members supports it with the county arm=inter-frame structure, and the large deformation and the A corner are used for reduction. Sniper energy'·Second is the landscape planting aspect, the frame of the rigid support structure of the Hunan has the high degree of plasticity to carry out the landscape modeling, and the landscape structure can also be arranged on the rigid support structure to shape Space landscape of the protection system; frame, waste The hollow part of the tire and many other spaces can be filled with soil and planting, which is combined with the above-mentioned shaping work to make the protection system activated. Thirdly, all the flexibility of the protection system is affected by the recycling of environmental resources. The force structure uses a large number of waste tires as the components of its special energy dissipating components - this provides an effective solution to the problem of large stacking of waste tires and is difficult to handle, and also makes it a good The fourth is that the damage is easy to repair, and the protection system is almost completely assembled. Therefore, as long as the damaged part is disassembled, the intact component can be reassembled. In summary, the technical means disclosed by the present invention are With the invention patents such as "novelty", "progressiveness" and "available for industrial use", please pray for 钧-22- 1271463 to give a patent, to encourage invention, no sense of morality. However, the above disclosed map The description and description are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be modified or equivalently modified according to the spirit of the present invention. It should be included in the scope of the patent application of this application. -23- 1271463 [Simplified description of the drawings] The first figure is an exploded perspective view of the impact protection unit of the present invention. The second figure is a perspective view of the combination of the impact protection unit of the present invention. The fourth drawing is a reference diagram of a state of use of the present invention. The fifth drawing is a reference view of another state of use of the present invention. The sixth drawing is a top view of the soil filling and planting of the present invention. Side view • [Main component symbol description] (ίο) Force structure (11) Waste tire (12) Energy dissipation rod (13) Thick ring (121) Arc rod (122) Straight rod (20) Support structure ® ( 21) frame (22) bearing column ' (23) ring body (24) back ring (30) impact protection unit (40) force screen (50) link screen-24-

Claims (1)

1271463 十、申請專利範圍： 1 · 一種衝擊防護構造，係由層疊之受力結構（10)與兩 支承結構（2 0)組成一衝擊防護單元（3 0 )，並將數衝擊防護單 元（30)連結成一完整的衝擊防護構造；而該受力結構（10)由 一消能桿件（12)串設數廢輪胎（11)所組成；該支承結構（20) 則令承柱（22)下部錨固於地層，且於承柱（22)上部組裝框架 (21)者。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之衝擊防護構造，其中， 層疊之受力結構（10)間，將廢輪胎（11)橫向及豎向連接成受 力屏幕（40)。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第2項所述之衝擊防護構造，其中， 衝擊防護單元（30)間以受力結構（10)相互接觸鄰接之方式 設置，且令鄰接之廢輪胎（11)間施相互連結。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第2項所述之衝擊防護構造，其中， 衝擊防護單元（30)間以受力結構（10)具有間隔之方式設置， 且於受力結構間***連結屏幕（50)。 5·如申請專利範圍第3或4項所述之衝擊防護構造， 其中，該支承結構（20)間***弧形連結屏幕（50)，且於弧形連 結屏幕前方填土。 -25- 1271463 6 ·如申請專利範圍第4項所述之衝擊防護構造，其中， 該連結屏幕（50)為弧線型。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第4項所述之衝擊防護構造，其中， 該連結屏幕（50)為直線型。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之衝擊防護構造，其中， 該受力結構（10)以消能桿件（12)兩端之套環（13)，套組於該 支承結構（20)之承柱（22)上。 9 ·如申請專利範圍第1或8所述之衝擊防護構造，其 中，該消能桿件（12)係由一弧桿（121)兩端以切線正交的方 式接合兩直桿（122)所構成。 1 0 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之衝擊防護構造，其 中，該支承結構（20)之框架（21)塑造出空間景觀的造型。 1 1 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之衝擊防護構造，其 中，該支承結構（20)配置景觀構造物。 1 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之衝擊防護構造，其 中，填土植生於各結構物之中空部分。 -26-1271463 X. Patent application scope: 1 · An impact protection structure consisting of a laminated force-receiving structure (10) and two supporting structures (20) forming an impact protection unit (30) and a number of impact protection units (30) ) is joined to form a complete impact protection structure; and the force-receiving structure (10) is composed of a number of waste tires (11) arranged by a dissipative rod member (12); the support structure (20) is used to support the column (22) The lower part is anchored to the formation and the frame (21) is assembled on the upper part of the column (22). 2. The impact protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the waste tires (11) are laterally and vertically connected to the force screen (40) between the laminated force receiving structures (10). 3. The impact protection structure according to claim 2, wherein the impact protection units (30) are arranged in contact with each other by the force-receiving structure (10), and the adjacent waste tires (11) are applied. Connected to each other. 4. The impact protection structure according to claim 2, wherein the impact protection unit (30) is disposed with a spacing between the force-receiving structures (10), and a connection screen (50) is inserted between the force-receiving structures. . 5. The impact protection structure of claim 3, wherein the support structure (20) is inserted between the curved connection screens (50) and filled in front of the curved connection screen. The impact protection structure of the invention of claim 4, wherein the connection screen (50) is of an arc type. 7. The impact protection structure of claim 4, wherein the connection screen (50) is linear. 8. The impact protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the force-receiving structure (10) is sleeved on the support structure (20) with a collar (13) at both ends of the energy dissipation rod (12). ) on the column (22). 9. The impact protection structure according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the energy dissipating rod member (12) is joined to the two straight rods (122) by orthogonally crossing the ends of an arc rod (121). Composition. 1 0. The impact protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the frame (21) of the support structure (20) shapes the shape of the space landscape. The impact protection structure according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the support structure (20) is provided with a landscape structure. 1 2 . The impact protection structure of claim 1, wherein the fill is implanted in a hollow portion of each structure. -26-