TW423980B - Cryogenic distillation unit - Google Patents

Cryogenic distillation unit Download PDF

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Publication number
TW423980B
TW423980B TW087118865A TW87118865A TW423980B TW 423980 B TW423980 B TW 423980B TW 087118865 A TW087118865 A TW 087118865A TW 87118865 A TW87118865 A TW 87118865A TW 423980 B TW423980 B TW 423980B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
wall
item
distillation
low temperature
distillation unit
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TW087118865A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roger Vancauwenberghe
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Air Liquide
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04878—Side by side arrangement of multiple vessels in a main column system, wherein the vessels are normally mounted one upon the other or forming different sections of the same column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04945—Details of internal structure; insulation and housing of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04975—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the air fractionation unit, e.g. transportable devices by truck or small scale use
    • F25J3/04987—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the air fractionation unit, e.g. transportable devices by truck or small scale use for offshore use

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)

Description

423980 五、發明説明（1 ) 發明領域 本發明有關低溫蒸餾單元，尤係蒸餾空氣，此類蒸餾 設備包含至少一低溫蒸餾圓筒及至少一熱交換機’另一方 面具設備之隔熱機構，可用於離岸油台式平船上製氧單元 •3 β 習知技術中，低溫蒸餾圓筒及所有相關低溫設備（熱 交換機、低溫泵、低溫閥、連接管等）係置於冷箱中，一 般爲平行體形，內塡充鬆塊絕緣體，如膨脹珍珠岩。絕緣 體保護各元件不受外部溫度及不同溫度之其他元件。此類 材料之絕緣性來其低導熱性（< 0 · 0 0 5 w / m · °C ) 及高壓力差損，就對流現象而言有利。 但此技術缺點爲安全。例如，若漏出明顯氣體或低溫 液體，如管絕意外繼裂，珍珠岩高壓力差損阻礙流體排出 至大氣。此致冷箱壁突然冷却’支承結構亦然，引起脆化 斷裂，低溫流體溢至周圍，對人有害。 離岸油台產生殘餘氣體。就經濟環保原因，必須予以 回收。一方法將其轉換成重碳氫化合物，爲液狀易攜帶， 使用耗氧量大之Fischer-Tropsch程序。 因此較佳可安裝空氣蒸餾圓筒於油台或平船上，上述 安全問題必須解決’因蒸靜單元固定於金屬結構上，人員 無法快速撤離單元周圍。 發明槪述 本發明目的提供低溫蒸餾單元，可有效防止低溫液體 本纸張尺度適用中國{ CNS ) Λ4Μ：.ΐΓΓ2Ι0 -· ：vV.：· !· Γ -------- ίί.·ΐ';Γ·;Ι;ΐ'Λΐ=.4^Η.τ.ι.-;';^ή'η'Η.ίι;ύ 4 23 98 ϋ Γ.~ 五、發明説明（2 ) 漏失。 爲此，本發明有關上述種類低溫蒸餾單元，特徵在於 蒸餾設備放入雙層壁容器中，其內腔具實心絕緣體。 圖式簡要說明
A 參考附圖說明本發明實施例，其中： 圖1爲本發明蒸餾單元之垂直截面： 圖2爲圖1線I I — I I所取截面； 主要元件對照表 1 空氣蒸餾單元 2 容器 3 內部 4 圓筒 5 熱交換機 6 連接管 7 泵 8 閥 10 底板 11 圓柱邊 1 2 圓頂 13 外壁 1 4 底板 15 圓柱邊 16 圓頂 1 7 絕緣體 18 絕緣體 19 足 2 0 支座 2 1 支承結構 2 2 樁 2 3 空氣間隙 2 4 進出軸桿 2 6 絕緣 2 7 管 2 9 限壓閥
4.-纸伕尺度適用中囡阀家技+卑（CNS ) ! 2!0 ; T5T
A7 423980 ___ B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 實施例說明 圖1及2所示空氣蒸餾單元1基本上包含雙層容器2 ’其內部3具雙空氣蒸餾圓筒4、熱交換機5、連接管6 及低溫附件，如低溫泵7及低溫閥8等。 圓筒4具有二蒸餾圓筒，分別爲中辱圓筒及低壓圓筒 ’爲習知技術。二圓筒4 A及4 B逐側安排’由圖2可見 但可移至圖1中央平面以求淸晰。蒸餾單元亦包含所有 一般附件及設備3 容器2爲雙層式，內壁9包含一平底板1 0、一圓柱 邊11及一圓頂121爲不銹鋼製。外壁13包含一平底 板1 4、一圓柱邊1 5及一圓頂1 6，爲碳鋼製。底板 1 4亦可爲不銹鋼製。 第一實心絕緣體1 7爲絕緣塊，如發泡玻璃，安排於 底板1 0整個表面上，在本身與底板1 4之間。第二實心 絕緣體1 8爲鬆塊膨脹珍珠岩，將容器之壁腔其餘塡滿， 在單元1元件之周圓上方安排空間3 ，並無任何實心絕緣 體。 元件安排於空間3中，並以防漏密封通過底板1 〇而 載於底板1 4之足承受元件。因此，絕緣體1 7支承內壁 9，然而底板1 4及支座2 0如鋼架構成，供底板放置， 以支承容器2内單元之元件重量。支座·2 0進一步固定至 支承結構2 1如油台或平船之金屬甲板，利用樁2 2形成 其間空氣間隙2 3而成，由可取下插頭2 5關閉之進出軸 桿2 4通過容器2之雙層頂1 2、 1 6 ，並引至須保養之 纸張尺度適用f"困國家標準（CN:S ) 規洛;：210〆二9了公釐"7 :6二 ~ ------：-----裝------訂---^_丨Γ—線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合ΐ·''·ΐ印製 423980 五、發明説明（4 ) 元件，如泵7及閥8 5 操作溫度與圓筒4不同之兀 如交錯玻璃毛顱。此尤係熱交換 之管6 1及軸桿2 4。將對流現 供應環境溫度乾氮氣體之管 保持於空間3及容器壁腔中略高 空間，另一方面防止冷凝現象出 爲防止過量增壓，圓頂1 2 。注意容器較佳爲圓頂形以保持 若低溫液體明顯漏失時，以 效保持流體，液體蒸發所生氣體 排出。 此外’外壁均無冷却效應， 結構2 1對應亦然。可防止元件 注意藉軸桿2 4存在，可進 不須取出珍珠岩1 8。 件 具 有 另 外 絕 緣 物 2 6 1 '1 I 機 5 1 Ϊ 接 至 熱 交 換 機 熱 J-MJ m Vi 1 1 象 減 少 0 ! 2 7 具 控 制 閥 2 8 j 可 ；] 而 1 1 -V 1 壓 力 〇 — 方 面 如 此 可 鈍 化 il '_.v I I 現 否 則 將 有 減 壓 危 險 a -) 1 1 I 及 1 6 各 具 有 限 壓 閥 2 9 Ί>： 1 装 過 壓 0 iV 1 1 不 銹 鋼 彈 性 金 屬 內 壁 9 有 1 丨 可 經 由 圓 頂 1 2 之 閥 2 9 1 ί I 1 訂 支 座 2 0 外部 及 以 下 金 屬 1 1 脆 裂 之 風 險 〇 1 出 零件 7 及 8 » 每 次介 入 1 Ί .線
J 本纸张尺度適坷 CNS ) Λ4^.ίίΓΓ：Ι0ί

Claims (1)

  1. 4：23980 OCOQOO 明 A^CD 9 六、申請專利範圍 須讀委員^.一.：：本玆^正^是-,|!更原實質内® 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 蒸餾設備 少' 一熱交 (2 ) 2 )中， 18)· )，內空 於容器（ 3 . 徵在於容 係不銹鋼 4 . 徵在於位 1 8 )爲 5 . 徵在於支 間置於二 6 . 於以足支 )以防漏 一種低 (4至 換機（ 特徵在 雙層容 且雙層 間（3 如申請 2 )之 如申請 器（2 或鋁。 如申請 於蒸餾 鬆塊形 如申請 承容器 壁（9 如申請 承蒸餾 密封通 溫蒸餾 8 )-5 )， 於蒸餾 器（2 容器（ )並無 專利範 內壁防 專利範 )內壁 專利範 設備（ 式，尤 專利範 (2 ) 、13 專利範 圓筒（ 過內壁 第8 7 1 1 8 8·6 5號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍修正本 民國8 9年7月修正 單元，尤係蒸餾空氣，一方面包含 具至少一低溫蒸餾圓筒（4 )及至 另一方面包含隔絕設備溫度之機構 設備（4至8 )安排於雙層容器（ )之壁腔包容實心絕緣體（1 7、 2 )之內壁（9 )界定內空間（3 任何實心絕緣體。 圍第1項之低溫蒸餾單元，特徵在 漏。 圍第1或2項之低溫蒸餾單元，特 (9 )於下部至少爲彈性金屬，尤 圍第1或2項之低溫蒸餾單元，特 4至8 )周圍上方之實心絕緣體（ 係膨脹珍珠岩。 圍第1或2項之低溫蒸餾單元，特 內壁（9 )之實心絕緣體（1 7 ) )之底板（1 〇、 1 4 )之間。 圍第5項之低溫蒸餾單元，特徵在 4 )及熱交換機（5 )，足（1 9 (9 )底板（1 0 )而戦於内喈（ 本紙張尺度適用t國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） ----7--^--------士-衣 --------訂-----：----線— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 423980 韻 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 1 3 )底板;丄 4 )上》 . 、 7 ·如申請專利範圍第丄或2項之低溫蒸黯單元，特 徵在於提供至少—軸桿（2 4 )供進出蒸餾設備之附件（ 7 ' 8 )，如泵或閥，此軸桿通過雙層壁（9、 χ 3 } ’ 用可取下之插頭（2 5 )關閉。 8，如申請專利範圍第丨或2項之低溫蒸餾單元，特 徵在於熱父換機（5)及操作溫度與蒸餾圓筒（4)不同 之容器（2 )內件（6、2 4 )具有另外絕緣（2 6 )， 尤係包覆片或條狀絕緣體s 9 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之低溫蒸餾單元，特 徵在於內壁（9 )具一閥（2 9 )限制其內壓。 1 0 .如申請專利範圍第1或2項之低溫蒸餾單元， 特徵在於容器（2)具引入乾氣體之機構（2 7、2 8) ’尤係鈍氣’引入內壁（9 )及/或壁腔內a 1 1 .如申請專利範圍第1 〇項之低溫蒸餾單元，特 徵在於壁腔見一閥（2 9 )限制其內辦。 ---------------------訂 -------1 ), (請先閱讀背面之>i意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ， 特由 元 ，藉 單。元身 餾構單本 蒸結餾座 溫岸蒸支 低離溫 ，。 之之低 } } 項船之 ο 1 2 平項 2 2 或或 2 { { .—I 台'—* 座座 第油第支基 圍至圍一之 範定範至構 利固利定結 專 } 專固該 請 2 請 }至 申 ί 申 2 定 如器如ί固 . 容.器 } 2 於 3 容 2 1 在 1 於 2 徵 在ί 特 徵樁 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）
TW087118865A 1997-11-17 1998-11-13 Cryogenic distillation unit TW423980B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9714378A FR2771160B1 (fr) 1997-11-17 1997-11-17 Unite de distillation cryogenique

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TW423980B true TW423980B (en) 2001-03-01

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US (1) US6378331B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1034409B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001525528A (zh)
CN (1) CN100383484C (zh)
AR (1) AR018520A1 (zh)
AU (1) AU749531B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9812787A (zh)
CA (1) CA2312022A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69811269T2 (zh)
FR (1) FR2771160B1 (zh)
ID (1) ID26856A (zh)
NO (1) NO20002532L (zh)
TW (1) TW423980B (zh)
WO (1) WO1999026033A1 (zh)

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TWI490408B (zh) * 2008-04-04 2015-07-01 Brooks Automation Inc 利用錫鎵合金的低溫泵

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JP4757454B2 (ja) * 2004-05-20 2011-08-24 エア・ウォーター株式会社 大形極低温液化ガス貯槽の製造方法
US7340921B2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2008-03-11 L'Air Liquide - Société Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Cold box and cryogenic plant including a cold box
FR2880418B1 (fr) * 2004-12-30 2007-04-27 Air Liquide Ensemble d'echangeurs de chaleur, appareil de distillation cryogenique incorporant un tel ensemble et procede de distillation cryogenique utilisant un tel ensemble
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CN1282411A (zh) 2001-01-31
DE69811269D1 (de) 2003-03-13
NO20002532L (no) 2000-06-27
AU749531B2 (en) 2002-06-27
ID26856A (id) 2001-02-15
EP1034409A1 (fr) 2000-09-13
FR2771160B1 (fr) 2000-01-28
FR2771160A1 (fr) 1999-05-21
US6378331B1 (en) 2002-04-30
CN100383484C (zh) 2008-04-23
DE69811269T2 (de) 2003-11-06
EP1034409B1 (fr) 2003-02-05
BR9812787A (pt) 2000-10-17
NO20002532D0 (no) 2000-05-16
AU1161099A (en) 1999-06-07
CA2312022A1 (fr) 1999-05-27
JP2001525528A (ja) 2001-12-11
AR018520A1 (es) 2001-11-28
WO1999026033A1 (fr) 1999-05-27

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