TW322444B - - Google Patents
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- TW322444B TW322444B TW085108462A TW85108462A TW322444B TW 322444 B TW322444 B TW 322444B TW 085108462 A TW085108462 A TW 085108462A TW 85108462 A TW85108462 A TW 85108462A TW 322444 B TW322444 B TW 322444B
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- Prior art keywords
- autoclave
- wall
- discharge member
- polymer
- enters
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
- B29B7/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0036—Flash degasification
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow
- B01D19/0052—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/02—Feed or outlet devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
- B01J6/005—Fusing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
- B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
- B01F27/0725—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis on the free end of the rotating axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/61—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis about an inclined axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/0015—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
- B01J2219/00155—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
- B01J2219/187—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor inclined at an angle to the horizontal or to the vertical plane
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Description
經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 本發明係有關一種壓熱器,其設計大體上為一圓柱狀 的壓力容器,連接一個卸料構件,以供塑膠品的生產。 此一大體為圓柱狀的壓熱器係以習用方式排置,呈垂 直軸向,且一般是在下端形成一個漏斗•供器内所裝的液 體聚合物卸於。該漏斗在本發明中係壓熱器壁之一組成部 份。為了能將臞熱器闞閉·使器内的化學反應得Μ進行, 該漏斗連接了一個可選擇性開關的卸料構件。該化學反應 的速率亦視器內液表上分雛出的揮發性成分被移去的快慢 而定。為了這個理由,在建造懕熱器時*係以儘可能達到 大直徑為目標,使揮發性成分有廣大的分離表面。因為建 造的理由,壓熱器通常不宜有太大長度,所Μ器徑愈大, 漏斗的錐角也會變得愈大。然而•隨著維角增大,黏滯聚 合物的流出行為將受不利的影響。 因此,本發明的目的在於達成壓熱器反應的高速率, 同時保證令人滿意的聚合物流出行為。依據本發明•為達 成Μ上目的,該壓熱器係靜止排置於某一傾斜的位置,使 得器内形成的液表面積與垂直排置的情形相較,明顯地_增 大•而Κ增大1.5倍為宜,同時該卸料構件係排置在接近 器底的區域,從該處進入圓柱器壁。 因為該壓熱器的傾斜位置,而其器壁又大體為圓柱狀 •液表範圍呈椭圓形•該椭圓形的主軸随壓热器愈傾枓而 愈大。在至少約40°的傾斜位置的情況下,與垂直排置( 圓形的液表邊緣)相較,液表增大約30%·其係由於反應 速率的相對增加。在約48°傾斜位置的情況下,則已可獲 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
^22444 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 1.5倍的表面增大•如此•可觀地增加了反應速率。在此 情況下,由接近壓熱器底的區域進入圓柱器壁•而形成某 種型態的漏斗,其係因圓柱器壁的傾斜位置及大體為徑向 的器底而自動產生。藉著卸料構件在該近底區域的排置, 可獲致依循該卸料構件方向的令人滿意的聚合物流動行為 Ο 該卸料構件至少部份併入壓熱器壁,其方式須使得壓 熱器内所裝的聚合物經器壁直接流入卸料構件,並進入排 置在構件中的關閉裝置。此卸料構件之併入器壁對於流入 構件之聚合物的影響,是使得實際上任何區域中的該聚合 物都會受到壓热器本身所施行的條件作用•例如•器内搅 拌裝置的作用。此外,該卸料構件與壓热器壁的合併有改 進卸料構件加熱及避兔加熱不良所致的常見的卸料渠道等 效果*該卸料渠道通往卸料構件*對聚合物的流動行為有 利不的影響,甚且,據說會把其中的聚合物帶離壓热器内 所施行的作用條件。避免卸料渠道尚有如下结果:毋爾為 克服該渠道而增加壓热器内卸放聚合物的壓力,節省相闞 的能量。 在習知技藝的基礎之下*附圈里現本發明之一典型實 施例,其中: 第1圖顯示常見的圓柱狀壓熱器垂直軸排置(習知技藝 ); 第2圖顯示依據本發明之呈傾斜位置的懕熱器,其器壁 併入了一個卸料構件; 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 ) 第3圖顯示壓熱器在垂直排置及傾斜排置下的液表的圖 形比較; 第4圖顯示表面增大表為傾斜角之函數圖。 第1圃顯示壓熱器1,其設計大體為一個圓柱狀壓力 容器,並由内壁2及外壁3所構成。在内壁2及外壁3之 間的是加热空間4。外壁3由絕緣體5包团。該壓熱器1 的内部空間7經由出口漏斗8通入出口通道9,連接卸料 構件10。該卸料構件10包含關閉装置11,可選擇性地開或 闞。在所示的卸科構件10中·該瞄閉装置之設計為一具半 圓截面的可旋轉閥體。該壓熱器1被築入一道水平天花板 6 ° 可K看到,短線-點線12所標示之懕熱器1的軸係圼 垂直方向,结果使得壓热器1中所含的聚合物材料可均勻 流過出口漏斗8,進入出口通道9。如此,内部空間7中 的聚合物有圓形表面,其係由斜線網影部份之圓形區域13 所表示。圓形區域13的直徑代表聚合物的液表14。揮發性 成份由箭號所標示,離開液表14,進入第1圔中未顯示的 —個移除通道。 第2圖顯示依據本發明之壓熱器15的排置,其軸由短 線-點镍16所搮示,與水平線11形成角α,且因而呈相闞 的傾斜位置。因為此一傾斜位置,在内部空間18中的聚合 物形成液表19*即係第3圖中所示的捆圓20。以短線-點 線耋在椭固20 (第3圖所示)中的是圓21·即係依據第1 圖之圓形區域13,瑄是因為第1、2圖中所示的壓熱器1 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 322444 A7 ____B7_ _ 五、發明説明(4 ) 及15有同漾的内徑D。與壓熱器1相較,壓熱器15之液表 面積的增大可由第3圖清楚看出。由於此面積之增大,壓 熱器15中所含的聚合物液體之揮發性成份變得容易脫離液 表19 (見画中所畫之箭號)。這些揮發性成份在壓熱器15 的上端被收集在出口 22中,並Μ常見方式由出口管2 3被移 除。其方式可包括無壓移除或者以真空做抽吸移除。 如同第1圖中的壓热器1,壓热器15係築入一道天花 板6。又其以已知方式包含内壁2及外壁3,在兩壁之間 則有加热空間4。同時也有絕緣體5。另應指出,該壓熱 器以已知方式包含一般的授拌装置,惟此處並未顬示。這 樣的混合装置保證聚合物材料的速蹟混合,因而改進揮發 性成分的分離效果。 由於該壓熱器15的傾斜位置•其底端形成了某種型態 的漏斗,其係由画柱狀内壁2及大體為徑向對稱的圚底25 所構成,结果使得内部空間18中的聚合物材科自動傾向順 重力至壓热器15之最低點。在此最低點,卸料構件24被裝 入壓熱器15之器壁(包括內壁2,外壁3及絕緣體5) · 如此即該構件與器壁的合併。此做法為聚合物自壓热器15 的卸放提供一道特別短的路徑。然而,若有需要,當然亦 可如第1圖的方式連接卸料構件到壓熱器15上。依據第1 圖所設計的情形,該卸料構件包含關閉裝置11,其包括一 個具半圓截面的可旋轉閥髖。 在第4圖中,將液表面積如何增大之百分比表為角α (見第2圖)的函數。據此,在僅20°之角α下,約增大 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂_ 五、 發明説明(5 ) A7 B7 8% ’而在50°下·增大約55%。在依據第2圖的典型實 施例,角α等於45。,而使表面積增大約40%。 元件標號對照 1 * 15----壓热器 2 ----内壁 3 ....外壁 4 ----加熱空間 5 ....絕緣體 6 ----天花板 7,18----内部空間 8 ----漏斗 9 ----出口通道 10,24----卸料構件 11....關閉装置 12,16----短線-點線(_ ) 13____圓形區域 14,19----液表 17----水平線 20 ____椭圓 21 ____圓 22 ____出口 23 ____出口管 25. ··.画底(徑向對稱) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂_ 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4规格(210Χ 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 822444 Α8 Β8 C8 D8 六、申請專利祀圍 1. 一種大趙設計為圓柱狀懕力容器而連接一個卸料構件 (20)K供塑膠品生產之壓热器(15),其特徽在於:該 壓熱器係靜止排置於如此的傾斜位置·使得該壓熱器 内形成的液«表面(19)與垂直排置的情形相較,明顯 地蝤大•而以增大1.5倍為宜,且該卸料構件(24)係 排置在接近器底(25)的_區域内,從該處進入該壓熱器 的圓柱器壁(2)。 2. 如申請專利範围第1項之壓熱器•其特徽在於:該壓 熱器(15)的長向軸(16)對垂直線傾斜至少約40° 。 3. 如申請專利範園第1或2項之壓熱器,其特徵在於: 該卸料構件(24)至少部份併入該壓热器(15)的器壁( 2,3,5)内*使得該壓熱器(15)内装的荦合物流經其内 壁(2),直接p入該卸料構件(24),並進入該構件内 閉 置的一個鼷(11)中。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印裝 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(2ωχ297公* >
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19525579A DE19525579C1 (de) | 1995-07-13 | 1995-07-13 | Autoklav zur Herstellung von Kunststoffen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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TW322444B true TW322444B (zh) | 1997-12-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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TW085108462A TW322444B (zh) | 1995-07-13 | 1996-07-12 |
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EP (1) | EP0753344A3 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE19525579C1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW322444B (zh) |
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US6906164B2 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2005-06-14 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester process using a pipe reactor |
US7649109B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2010-01-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester production system employing recirculation of hot alcohol to esterification zone |
US7943094B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2011-05-17 | Grupo Petrotemex, S.A. De C.V. | Polyester production system employing horizontally elongated esterification vessel |
US7863477B2 (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2011-01-04 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester production system employing hot paste to esterification zone |
US7892498B2 (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2011-02-22 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester production system employing an unagitated esterification reactor |
US7842777B2 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2010-11-30 | Eastman Chemical Company | Sloped tubular reactor with divided flow |
US7847053B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2010-12-07 | Eastman Chemical Company | Multi-level tubular reactor with oppositely extending segments |
US7872089B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2011-01-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Multi-level tubular reactor with internal tray |
US7858730B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2010-12-28 | Eastman Chemical Company | Multi-level tubular reactor with dual headers |
US7868129B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2011-01-11 | Eastman Chemical Company | Sloped tubular reactor with spaced sequential trays |
US7868130B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2011-01-11 | Eastman Chemical Company | Multi-level tubular reactor with vertically spaced segments |
US7829653B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2010-11-09 | Eastman Chemical Company | Horizontal trayed reactor |
US7872090B2 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2011-01-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Reactor system with optimized heating and phase separation |
EP3650187A1 (de) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Autoklav mit eingebautem konus sowie verwendung und verfahren zur verwendung |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE366843C (de) * | 1918-09-02 | 1923-01-12 | Rudolf Koehler | Rotierender Autoklav |
US2778922A (en) * | 1953-08-27 | 1957-01-22 | Sta Warm Electric Co | Treating tank for thermoplastic materials and the like |
JPS4935801B1 (zh) * | 1970-07-01 | 1974-09-26 | ||
US3987021A (en) * | 1973-08-30 | 1976-10-19 | Karl Fischer Apparate U. Rohrleitungsbau | Process utilizing a stirring reactor |
IT1012342B (it) * | 1974-05-14 | 1977-03-10 | Boccoli T | Procedimento di rigenerazione dei cascami di gomma vulcanizzati e apparecchio per attuarlo |
AT380802B (de) * | 1983-03-18 | 1986-07-10 | Voest Alpine Ag | Verschlussvorrichtung fuer die austragsoeffnung eines autoklaven |
SU1546130A1 (ru) * | 1987-05-13 | 1990-02-28 | Предприятие П/Я А-3226 | Автоклав дл непрерывного отделени серы от попутных компонентов |
JPH01203034A (ja) * | 1988-02-06 | 1989-08-15 | Mamoru Kasamatsu | 加熱溶融装置 |
-
1995
- 1995-07-13 DE DE19525579A patent/DE19525579C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-07-10 EP EP96111112A patent/EP0753344A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-07-12 TW TW085108462A patent/TW322444B/zh active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19525579C1 (de) | 1996-12-19 |
EP0753344A3 (de) | 1997-04-09 |
EP0753344A2 (de) | 1997-01-15 |
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