TW202227145A - Low insect-attracting method for inactivating microorganism or virus - Google Patents
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- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
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Abstract
Description
本發明有關菌或病毒的不活化方法，特別有關紫外光的照射所致之菌或病毒的不活化方法。The present invention relates to a method for inactivating bacteria or viruses, particularly, a method for inactivating bacteria or viruses caused by irradiation with ultraviolet light.
紫外光所致之殺菌方法，係不散佈藥劑等而僅對處理對象空間或處理對象物照射紫外光便可進行殺菌處理，因此主要被採用於食品工廠或醫療施設等要求高度衛生管理的環境的殺菌處理。The sterilization method by ultraviolet light can be sterilized only by irradiating the space or object to be treated with ultraviolet light without dispersing chemicals, etc., so it is mainly used in food factories, medical facilities and other environments that require high sanitation management. Sterilization treatment.
紫外光所致之殺菌處理，主要採用利用波長為254nm的紫外光之方法，例如下記專利文獻1中記載一種具備射出波長為254nm的紫外光的低壓水銀燈之紫外線照射裝置。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] For the sterilization treatment by ultraviolet light, a method using ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm is mainly used. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2020-078479號公報 [非專利文獻] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2020-078479 [Non-patent literature]
[非專利文獻1]田澤信二，「控制害蟲行動的黃色燈」，照明學會誌，第85卷第3號，2001年[Non-Patent Document 1] Tazawa Shinji, "Yellow Lights for Pest Control Action", Journal of the Illuminating Society, Vol. 85 No. 3, 2001
[發明所欲解決之問題][Problems to be Solved by Invention]
鑑此，本發明者針對適合人往來頻繁的車站或公園、戶外的體育場或主題樂園、以及如上述般要求高度衛生管理的環境的紫外光所致之殺菌處理及病毒的不活化處理不懈地檢討，發現了存在以下這樣的待解問題。以下參照圖面說明之。In view of this, the inventors of the present invention have continuously reviewed the sterilization treatment and virus inactivation treatment by ultraviolet light suitable for stations or parks where people come and go, outdoor stadiums or theme parks, and environments requiring high hygiene management as described above. , found the following unsolved problems. It will be described below with reference to the drawings.
圖14為從低壓水銀燈射出的光的光譜，縱軸表示相對於峰值之相對值。如圖14所示，從低壓水銀燈射出的紫外光，在254nm具有峰值波長，並且在300nm以上未滿400nm的範圍亦包含相對於峰值波長展現一定程度的相對強度的光。FIG. 14 is a spectrum of light emitted from a low-pressure mercury lamp, and the vertical axis represents the relative value with respect to the peak value. As shown in FIG. 14 , the ultraviolet light emitted from the low-pressure mercury lamp has a peak wavelength at 254 nm, and also includes light exhibiting a certain relative intensity with respect to the peak wavelength in the range of 300 nm to 400 nm.
圖15為猩猩蠅的視感度特性的圖表，縱軸表示相對於峰值之相對值(參照非專利文獻1)。如圖15所示，猩猩蠅的視覺，具有對波長為300nm以上未滿550nm的光受到強烈刺激之特徵。另，雖依種類不同而每一波長的刺激效果相異，但已知許多的蟲在250nm以上未滿550nm的波長帶具有視感度。FIG. 15 is a graph of the visual sensitivity characteristics of the chimpanzee flies, and the vertical axis represents the relative value with respect to the peak value (see Non-Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 15 , the vision of chimpanzee flies is characterized by being strongly stimulated by light with a wavelength of 300 nm or more and less than 550 nm. In addition, although the stimulation effect of each wavelength differs depending on the species, it is known that many insects have visual sensitivity in the wavelength band of 250 nm or more and less than 550 nm.
此外，猩猩蠅等許多的蟲，具有朝向刺激來源的光移動之趨光性，而具有朝向在視感度的波長範圍內且視覺感到對於周圍的光而言相對亮的光源移動之特性。由於此特性，猩猩蠅的視覺會因波長250nm以上未滿550nm的光而受到刺激，而被引誘至該光源。In addition, many insects such as chimpanzee flies have the phototaxis to move toward the light source of the stimulus, and have the characteristic of moving toward the light source which is within the wavelength range of visual sensitivity and which is relatively bright compared to the surrounding light. Due to this characteristic, the vision of the orangutan flies is stimulated by light with a wavelength of 250 nm or more and less than 550 nm, and is attracted to the light source.
是故，照射從低壓水銀燈射出的紫外光而做殺菌處理之方法，會因殺菌處理中運用的波長254nm的光、或和該光一起射出的相異波長帶的紫外光或可見光而引誘蟲，導致反而造就出不衛生的環境。Therefore, the method of performing sterilization treatment by irradiating ultraviolet light emitted from a low-pressure mercury lamp will attract insects due to the light with a wavelength of 254 nm used in the sterilization treatment, or the ultraviolet light or visible light of a different wavelength band emitted together with the light. This results in an unsanitary environment.
本發明有鑑於上述待解問題，目的在於提供一種抑制對於蟲的引誘效果之紫外光所致之菌或病毒的不活化方法。 [解決問題之技術手段] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for inactivating bacteria or viruses caused by ultraviolet light, which has an attracting effect on insects. [Technical means to solve problems]
本發明之菌或病毒的不活化方法， 其特徵為，照射在200nm以上未滿240nm的波長範圍內具有峰值波長，而250nm以上未滿550nm的波長範圍的光強度受到抑止的射出光，藉此抑制對於蟲的引誘效果。 The inactivation method of the bacteria or virus of the present invention, It is characterized by irradiating outgoing light having a peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 200 nm to 240 nm and suppressed light intensity in a wavelength range of 250 nm to 550 nm, thereby suppressing the attracting effect on insects.
本說明書中所謂「光強度受到抑止」，意指光強度為1mW／cm 2以下，相對於在峰值波長的光強度而言光強度未滿5%，更佳為未滿3%。 In this specification, "light intensity is suppressed" means that the light intensity is 1 mW/cm 2 or less, and the light intensity is less than 5%, more preferably less than 3%, of the light intensity at the peak wavelength.
此外，本說明書中所謂「不活化」，為一涵括令菌或病毒滅絕或是喪失感染力或毒性之概念，所謂「菌」係指細菌或真菌(黴菌)等的微生物。以下，有時將「菌或病毒」統稱為「菌等」。In addition, the term "inactivation" in this specification is a concept that includes the extinction of bacteria or viruses or the loss of infectivity or toxicity, and the term "bacteria" refers to microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi (molds). Hereinafter, "bacteria or viruses" may be collectively referred to as "bacteria or the like".
波長為200nm以上未滿240nm的紫外光，如同254nm的紫外光般，具有會被菌或病毒等的細胞帶有的DNA或RNA吸收之性質，因此能夠用於菌或病毒的不活化處理。針對此效果，於「實施方式」參照圖4A及4B詳述之。Ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 200 nm or more and less than 240 nm, like 254 nm ultraviolet light, has the property of being absorbed by DNA or RNA carried by cells such as bacteria or viruses, so it can be used for inactivation of bacteria or viruses. This effect is described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B in the “Embodiment”.
此外，如上述般，蟲(特別是猩猩蠅或搖蚊)，對於300nm以上未滿400nm的波長範圍的視感度高。In addition, as described above, insects (especially chimpanzee flies and chironomids) have high visibility in the wavelength range of 300 nm or more and less than 400 nm.
鑑此，藉由訂為上述方法，能夠使對於蟲的引誘效果減低，同時進行存在於空間或處理對象物的表面之菌或病毒的不活化處理。In view of this, by adopting the above-mentioned method, it is possible to perform inactivation treatment of bacteria or viruses existing in the space or on the surface of the object to be treated while reducing the attracting effect to insects.
上述的菌或病毒的不活化方法， 亦可為至少於暗環境下，反覆點燈與熄燈而進行菌或病毒的不活化處理之方法。 The inactivation method of the above-mentioned bacteria or virus, A method of inactivating bacteria or viruses by repeatedly turning on and off the lights at least in a dark environment can also be used.
此外，上述的菌或病毒的不活化方法， 較佳是以點燈期間相對於熄燈期間成為50%以下之方式反覆點燈與熄燈。 In addition, the above-mentioned method for inactivating bacteria or viruses, Preferably, the lighting period and the lighting period are repeated so that the lighting period becomes 50% or less of the lighting period.
又，上述的菌或病毒的不活化方法， 更佳是以點燈期間相對於熄燈期間成為25%以下之方式反覆點燈與熄燈。 Also, the above-mentioned method for inactivating bacteria or viruses, More preferably, the lighting period and the lighting period are repeated so that the lighting period becomes 25% or less of the lighting period.
本說明書中所謂「暗環境」，不僅是完全不存在光的暗黑空間，還包含人能夠目視周圍的狀況而移動的程度的環境，例如還包含建築物內的逃生梯、周邊街燈少的夜間的公園、窗戶被遮光簾覆蓋的房間這樣的環境。具體而言，設想為空間的照度在75lx以下的環境。The term "dark environment" in this manual refers not only to a dark space in which light does not exist at all, but also to an environment where people can move around visually, including, for example, escape ladders in buildings and nighttime places with few surrounding street lights. Environments such as parks, rooms with windows covered by blackout curtains. Specifically, an environment in which the illuminance of the space is 75 lx or less is assumed.
如上述般，許多的蟲具有趨光性，若視覺感到相對亮則有對於光源受引誘的傾向。例如，當從光源射出的光在波長250nm以上未滿550nm的範圍內具有強度的情形下，愈是暗環境下則該光源的光愈是視覺感到相對亮，因此即使是微弱的光仍可能很醒目。這一點，從即使是不包含蟲的視感度高的波長帶(300nm以上未滿400nm)的光之白色照明，蟲在夜間仍可能被引誘這一事實亦能理解。特別是若空間的照度成為低於50lx這樣的暗環境下，則從光源射出的波長250nm以上未滿550nm的範圍內的光就算一點點也非常醒目，而會導致引誘蟲。As described above, many insects have phototaxis and tend to be attracted to a light source if they are relatively bright visually. For example, when the light emitted from a light source has an intensity within a wavelength range of 250 nm to 550 nm, the darker the environment, the brighter the light of the light source is. Therefore, even weak light may still be very bright. eye-catching. This can be understood from the fact that insects may be attracted at night even if the white illumination of light in the wavelength band (300 nm or more and less than 400 nm) of high visual sensitivity does not include insects. In particular, in a dark environment where the illuminance of the space is lower than 50 lx, even a little light in the wavelength range of 250 nm or more and less than 550 nm emitted from the light source is very conspicuous, and attracts insects.
然而，若為了不讓該波長範圍的光射出而將光源的周圍遮光，則會導致用來將菌等予以不活化的光也遮光。However, if the periphery of the light source is shielded from light in order not to emit light in this wavelength range, the light for inactivating bacteria and the like is also shielded.
鑑此，藉由訂為上述方法，欲朝向不活化處理用的光源行進或正在行進的蟲，一時之間會迷失從該光源射出的光。是故，能夠抑制蟲朝向光源移動，即使在暗環境下仍會抑制對於蟲的引誘效果。In view of this, by adopting the above-mentioned method, the light emitted from the light source may be lost temporarily by the insects that want to travel toward the light source for inactivation treatment or are traveling. Therefore, the insects can be suppressed from moving toward the light source, and the attracting effect on the insects can be suppressed even in a dark environment.
另，即使以反覆點燈與熄燈之方式進行菌等的不活化處理的情形下，只要斷續性地動作，而紫外光對於菌等照射不活化處理所必要之累計照射量程度，便可得到期望的效果。針對細節，於「實施方式」參照圖7詳述之。In addition, even in the case where the inactivation treatment of bacteria, etc. is performed by repeatedly turning on and off the light, as long as the intermittent operation is performed, the cumulative irradiation dose level necessary for the inactivation treatment of bacteria, etc. with ultraviolet light can be obtained. desired effect. Details are described in detail with reference to FIG. 7 in “Embodiment”.
又，上述的菌或病毒的不活化方法， 亦可點燈期間為60秒以下。 Also, the above-mentioned method for inactivating bacteria or viruses, The lighting period may be 60 seconds or less.
若點燈期間為60秒以下，則確認到位於從光源距離數十cm的場所的絕大多數的蟲，在目視到從光源射出的光而欲朝向朝向該光源行進為止的期間或正在行進的途中會有迷失光的傾向。鑑此，藉由訂為上述方法，會進一步抑制蟲的引誘效果。If the lighting period is 60 seconds or less, it is confirmed that most of the insects located at a distance of several tens of cm from the light source are in the period before the light emitted from the light source and are about to travel toward the light source, or are traveling. There is a tendency to get lost along the way. In view of this, by adopting the above method, the attracting effect of insects can be further suppressed.
上述的菌或病毒的不活化方法， 亦可藉由照射從包含Kr及Cl作為發光氣體的準分子燈射出的光而進行。 The inactivation method of the above-mentioned bacteria or virus, It can also be performed by irradiating light emitted from an excimer lamp containing Kr and Cl as luminescent gases.
藉由訂為按照上述構成之方法，能夠構成在200nm以上未滿240nm的波長範圍內之222nm具有峰值波長的光源。A light source having a peak wavelength of 222 nm within the wavelength range of 200 nm or more and less than 240 nm can be formed by setting the method as described above.
此外，上述的菌或病毒的不活化方法，其中， 前述射出光，亦可為從前述準分子燈射出，而通過了使至少250nm以上未滿550nm的波長範圍的光強度減低之濾波器的光。 In addition, the above-mentioned method for inactivating bacteria or viruses, wherein, The emitted light may be emitted from the excimer lamp and passed through a filter that reduces the intensity of light in a wavelength range of at least 250 nm or more and less than 550 nm.
藉由訂為上述構成，會進一步抑制250nm以上未滿550nm的波長範圍的光強度，而進一步抑制對於蟲的引誘效果。 [發明之效果] By setting it as the above-mentioned structure, the light intensity in the wavelength range of 250 nm or more and less than 550 nm is further suppressed, and the attracting effect to insects is further suppressed. [Effect of invention]
按照本發明，會實現抑制對於蟲的引誘效果之紫外光所致之菌或病毒的不活化方法。According to the present invention, a method of inactivating bacteria or viruses by ultraviolet light that suppresses the attracting effect on insects can be realized.
以下，針對本發明之不活化方法及不活化裝置，參照圖面說明之。另，有關不活化裝置，以下的各圖面皆是模型化圖示者，圖面上的尺寸比例或個數和實際的尺寸比例或個數未必一致。Hereinafter, the deactivation method and the deactivation device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, regarding the deactivated device, the following drawings are all modeled and illustrated, and the size ratio or number on the drawing may not be consistent with the actual size ratio or number.
圖1為不活化裝置1的一使用態樣模型化示意圖面，示意在暗環境下亦即夜間的公園，將長椅2及其周邊的空間予以不活化處理之情況。如圖1所示，不活化裝置1具備紫外光照射器10與控制部20。FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a model of a use state of the
圖2為紫外光照射器10的模型化側面圖。圖2中，圖示了紫外光照射器10在框體11內具備四根準分子燈12的例子。此準分子燈12，具備封入有發光氣體的發光管12a、與用來對該些發光管12a施加電壓的一對電極12b。藉由對一對電極12b間施加電壓，被封入於發光管12a內的發光氣體會準分子發光，而從發光管12a射出紫外光。FIG. 2 is a modeled side view of the
從準分子燈12射出的紫外光，從光取出窗13射出，如圖1所示照射至長椅2作為射出光L1。The ultraviolet light emitted from the
本實施形態之準分子燈12，在由石英玻璃所成之發光管12a內封入有Kr與Cl作為發光氣體，而射出峰值波長為222nm鄰近的紫外光。此外，光取出窗13，形成有讓紫外光穿透的玻璃等板材，與為了使250nm以上未滿300nm的波長範圍的光強度減低而形成於該板材上之由介電體多層膜等所成之濾波器。In the
此外，已知波長240nm以上未滿300nm的波長域的紫外光若照射至人，則有對人體造成影響之風險。皮膚，從接近表面的部分開始分成表皮、真皮、其深部的皮下組織這3個部分，而表皮又從接近表面的部分開始依序分成角質層、顆粒層、棘狀層、基底層這4層。若作為殺菌光的波長254nm等的240nm以上未滿300nm的波長域的紫外光照射至人體，則會穿透角質層，到達顆粒層或棘狀層，有時甚至基底層，而被存在於該些層內的細胞的DNA吸收。其結果，肇生皮膚癌的風險。In addition, it is known that there is a risk of affecting the human body when ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 240 nm or more and less than 300 nm is irradiated to a human. The skin is divided into three parts, the epidermis, the dermis, and the deep subcutaneous tissue from the part close to the surface, and the epidermis is divided into four layers, the stratum corneum, the granular layer, the spinous layer, and the basal layer in order from the part close to the surface. . When ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 240 nm or more and less than 300 nm, which is a sterilizing light with a wavelength of 254 nm, is irradiated to the human body, it penetrates the stratum corneum, reaches the granular layer, the spinous layer, and sometimes even the basal layer, and is present in the stratum corneum. DNA uptake by cells within these layers. As a result, there is a risk of skin cancer.
另一方面，波長200nm以上未滿240nm的波長域的紫外光(更佳為波長200nm以上235nm以下的波長域的紫外光)即使照射至人體，也會被皮膚的角質層吸收，難以行進至比其還內側(基底層側)。角質層中含有的角質細胞為不具有細胞核的細胞，因此不像例如棘狀細胞般存在DNA。因此，如照射240nm以上未滿300nm的波長域的紫外光之情形般被細胞吸收而DNA受到破壞的風險低。又，波長235nm以上未滿240nm的頻帶的光強度亦被抑止，藉此能夠確實地減低紫外光被細胞吸收而DNA受到破壞的風險。On the other hand, even if ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 200 nm or more and less than 240 nm (more preferably, ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 200 nm or more and 235 nm or less) is irradiated to the human body, it is absorbed by the stratum corneum of the skin, and it is difficult to travel to a higher level. It is also inside (base layer side). The keratinocytes contained in the stratum corneum are cells that do not have a nucleus, and therefore do not have DNA like spiny cells, for example. Therefore, as in the case of irradiating ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 240 nm or more and less than 300 nm, it is absorbed by cells and the risk of DNA damage is low. In addition, the light intensity in the wavelength band of 235 nm or more and less than 240 nm is also suppressed, thereby reliably reducing the risk that ultraviolet light is absorbed by cells and DNA is damaged.
如上述般，從紫外光照射器10發出的紫外光，在波長250nm以上未滿300nm的波長域其光強度受到抑止，藉此會有效果地減低誘蟲性。又，240nm以上未滿400nm的頻帶的光強度受到抑止，藉此，即使紫外光照射器10在人存在於不活化裝置1附近的時間帶點燈，仍能有效地減低對人體的影響。又，235nm以上未滿400nm的頻帶的光強度受到抑制，藉此會有效地減低誘蟲性，並且能夠更確實地減低對人體的影響。As described above, the light intensity of the ultraviolet light emitted from the
又，從紫外光照射器10發出的200nm以上未滿240nm的波長域內的紫外光，作為從不活化裝置1射出的射出光L1而照射，藉此能夠將被照射的區域或存在於被處理物的表面等之菌等予以不活化。更佳是，照射200nm以上未滿235nm的波長域內的紫外光，藉此會確實地減低對人體的影響，同時將存在於該照射區域內的菌等予以不活化。這樣的波長頻帶的抑止，例如能夠藉由選擇合適的光源，或運用可抑止該頻帶的光學濾波器而實現。作為光學濾波器，例如能夠運用具有HfO
2層及SiO
2層所造成的介電體多層膜的光學濾波器。當紫外光照射器10中搭載的準分子燈12具有封入有KrCl的發光氣體或KrBr的發光氣體之發光管的情形下亦同。
In addition, the ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 200 nm or more and less than 240 nm emitted from the
又，亦可構成為運用使250nm以上未滿550nm的波長範圍的光強度減低之光學濾波器，來進一步抑止250nm以上未滿550nm的廣泛波長頻帶的光強度。藉由訂為上述構成，會抑制對人體造成影響的波長頻帶的紫外光，且抑制250nm以上未滿550nm的波長範圍的光強度，藉此能夠進一步抑制對於蟲的引誘效果。Furthermore, it is also possible to employ an optical filter that reduces the light intensity in the wavelength range from 250 nm to 550 nm to further suppress the light intensity in a wide wavelength band from 250 nm to 550 nm. With the above configuration, the ultraviolet light in the wavelength band affecting the human body is suppressed, and the light intensity in the wavelength range from 250 nm to 550 nm is suppressed, whereby the attracting effect on insects can be further suppressed.
另，只要是射出的光的在波長250nm以上未滿550nm的光強度足夠低的光源，則在光取出窗13亦可不形成濾波器。In addition, a filter may not be formed in the
此處，針對從紫外光照射器10射出的射出光L1，與猩猩蠅的相對刺激效果進行確認。圖3為從紫外光照射器10的光取出窗13射出的光的光譜，縱軸以相對於在峰值波長(222nm)的光強度之相對值表現。Here, the relative stimulating effect of the emitted light L1 emitted from the
如圖3所示，從紫外光照射器10射出的射出光L1，峰值波長為222nm。As shown in FIG. 3 , the outgoing light L1 emitted from the
本來，從KrCl準分子燈會生成在峰值波長222nm鄰近展現半高寬為極窄的陡峭的光譜之紫外光。但，如上述般，此紫外光是穿透封入有發光氣體的發光管12a後，從光取出窗13射出至外部。發光管12a，於製造時會不可避免地含有雜質(例如Ti、Ni、Fe等的過渡金屬)。在此情形下，在發光管12a內生成的紫外光會入射至發光管12a的管壁而激發雜質。藉此，從發光管12a除了紫外光外還可能會射出300nm以上未滿550nm的範圍內的微弱的光。是故，若要抑制引誘蟲的效果，構成發光管12a的材料較佳是盡可能選擇雜質的濃度低的材料。另，針對構成光取出窗13的材料亦同。Originally, the KrCl excimer lamp generates ultraviolet light that exhibits a very steep spectrum with a very narrow half-width around the peak wavelength of 222 nm. However, as described above, the ultraviolet light is emitted from the
從紫外光照射器10射出的射出光L1，在200nm以上未滿240nm的波長域內具有峰值波長，藉此確認到將菌或病毒不活化之作用。針對這一點參照驗證結果說明之。The outgoing light L1 emitted from the
在φ35mm的培養皿放入濃度10 6／mL程度的金黃色葡萄球菌1mL，從培養皿的上方將具有圖3所示光譜的射出光L1以照度0.001mW／cm 2照射。其後，將射出光L1的照射後的培養皿內的溶液以生理食鹽水稀釋成規定的倍率，將稀釋後的溶液0.1mL播種至標準洋菜培養基。然後，在溫度37℃、濕度70%的培養環境下培養24小時，計數菌落數。 1 mL of Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of about 10 6 /mL was placed in a petri dish of φ 35 mm, and emitted light L1 having the spectrum shown in FIG. 3 was irradiated with an illuminance of 0.001 mW/cm 2 from above the petri dish. Then, the solution in the petri dish irradiated with the emitted light L1 was diluted with physiological saline to a predetermined ratio, and 0.1 mL of the diluted solution was sown in a standard agar culture medium. Then, it was cultured for 24 hours in a culture environment with a temperature of 37° C. and a humidity of 70%, and the number of colonies was counted.
圖4A為將上述實驗結果圖表化而成者，橫軸對應於射出光L1的照射量，縱軸對應於金黃色葡萄球菌的生存率。另，縱軸對應於當以射出光L1照射前的時間點的金黃色葡萄球菌的菌落數為基準時，照射後的黃色葡萄球菌的菌落數的比率之Log值。FIG. 4A is a graph of the above-mentioned experimental results, the horizontal axis corresponds to the irradiation amount of the emitted light L1, and the vertical axis corresponds to the survival rate of Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the vertical axis corresponds to the Log value of the ratio of the number of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus after irradiation when the number of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus at the time point before irradiation of the output light L1 is used as a reference.
按照圖4A，確認到即使射出光L1的照度為0.001mW／cm 2這樣極低的情形下，仍能實現金黃色葡萄球菌的不活化。另，確認到藉由射出光L1，對於臘狀桿菌(Bacillus cereus)或枯草菌等其他的菌亦有不活化的作用。 According to FIG. 4A , it was confirmed that the inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus was achieved even when the illuminance of the emitted light L1 was as low as 0.001 mW/cm 2 . In addition, it was confirmed that other bacteria such as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis were also inactivated by the emitted light L1.
另，作為另一驗證，圖4B示意對於流行性感冒病毒進行同樣驗證的結果。按照此結果，亦確認到藉由射出光L1可進行病毒的不活化。另，例如若欲將射出光L1的照射量訂為3mJ／cm 2，則照度0.01mW／cm 2的情形下係藉由5分鐘的照射而實現，照度0.001mW／cm 2的情形下係藉由50分鐘的照射而實現。按照圖4B，確認到藉由射出光L1亦能實現病毒的不活化。另，確認到藉由射出光L1，對於貓冠狀病毒等其他的病毒亦有不活化的作用。 In addition, as another verification, FIG. 4B shows the result of the same verification for influenza virus. From this result, it was also confirmed that the virus was inactivated by emitting the light L1. In addition, for example, if the irradiation amount of the outgoing light L1 is set to be 3 mJ/cm 2 , in the case of the illuminance of 0.01 mW/cm 2 , it is achieved by irradiation for 5 minutes, and in the case of the illuminance of 0.001 mW/cm 2 , it is achieved by This is achieved by 50 minutes of irradiation. According to FIG. 4B , it was confirmed that the inactivation of the virus was also achieved by emitting the light L1. In addition, it was confirmed that other viruses such as feline coronaviruses were also inactivated by the emitted light L1.
接著說明控制部20的構成、與控制部20所做的紫外光照射器10的點燈控制。圖5為控制部20的構成模型化示意方塊圖。如圖5所示，控制部20具備對紫外光照射器10輸出切換點燈狀態與熄燈狀態的控制訊號之點燈控制部21、及計測點燈期間與熄燈期間的時間之計時器22、及進行切換動作開始或動作模式的操作等之操作部23。所謂切換動作開始或動作模式的操作，例如設想為公園的管理者在接近蟲容易肇生的夏季時，令不活化裝置1的動作開始之情形等。Next, the configuration of the
圖6為控制部20的點燈控制部21對紫外光照射器10發送之點燈控制訊號的一例示意圖表。圖6中，高位準示意使紫外光照射器10點燈的狀態，低位準示意使紫外光照射器10熄燈的狀態。如圖6所示，控制部20，一旦操作者操作操作部23而進行令紫外光照射器10的動作開始之操作，則點燈控制部21對紫外光照射器10輸出切換成點燈狀態的控制訊號(圖6中的S1時間點)。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a lighting control signal sent by the
一旦從點燈控制部21對紫外光照射器10輸出將紫外光照射器10切換成點燈狀態的訊號，則計時器22開始計測點燈期間的時間T1。When a signal for switching the
一旦計時器22偵測到從S1時間點已經過時間T1，則點燈控制部21紫外光照射器10輸出切換成熄燈狀態的控制訊號(圖6中的S2時間點)。Once the
一旦從點燈控制部21對紫外光照射器10輸出切換成熄燈狀態的控制訊號，則計時器22開始計測熄燈期間的時間T2。When the control signal for switching to the light-off state is output from the
一旦計時器22偵測到從S2時間點已經過時間T2，則點燈控制部21紫外光照射器10輸出切換成點燈狀態的控制訊號(圖6中的S3時間點)。Once the
其後，上述的控制被反覆，直到操作者操作操作部23而進行令紫外光照射器10停止之操作為止。藉由此控制，紫外光照射器10以反覆點燈與熄燈之方式進行不活化處理。After that, the above-mentioned control is repeated until the operator operates the
本實施形態中，將時間T1訂為30秒，時間T2訂為150秒，而設計成點燈期間相對於熄燈期間成為20%，但時間T1與時間T2亦可任意地設定。另，為了讓蟲容易迷失從紫外光照射器10射出的射出光L1，點燈期間較佳是相對於熄燈期間為50%以下，更佳是25%以下。In this embodiment, the time T1 is set to 30 seconds and the time T2 is set to 150 seconds, and the lighting period is designed to be 20% of the lighting period. However, the time T1 and the time T2 can be arbitrarily set. In addition, in order to make it easy for insects to get lost in the outgoing light L1 emitted from the
此外，為了進一步減低蟲的引誘效果，讓蟲容易迷失從紫外光照射器10射出的射出光L1，時間T1較佳是設定成60秒以下。In addition, in order to further reduce the attracting effect of insects and make insects easily lost in the outgoing light L1 emitted from the
按照依上述構成之方法，能夠使對於蟲的引誘效果減低，同時將存在於空間或處理對象物的表面之菌等予以不活化處理。此外，藉由運用紫外光照射器10之方法，夠夠減低對於蟲(特別是猩猩蠅或搖蚊)的引誘效果，針對這一點參照實驗結果後述之。According to the method according to the above-mentioned constitution, it is possible to inactivate the bacteria and the like existing in the space or the surface of the object to be treated while reducing the attracting effect to insects. In addition, by using the
又，菌或病毒的不活化的效果的大小，取決於射出光L1的累計照射量(劑量)。因此，即使紫外光照射器10以反覆點燈與熄燈之方式動作，對於成為處理對象的空間、區域只要射出光L1的累計照射量充分確保菌等的不活化所必要的程度，便可得到將該空間、區域中的菌等予以不活化之效果。In addition, the magnitude of the effect of inactivating bacteria or viruses depends on the cumulative irradiation amount (dose) of the emitted light L1. Therefore, even if the
圖7為除了使射出光L1的照射態樣相異這點以外，藉由和圖4A同樣的方法對金黃色葡萄球菌進行不活化的驗證之結果示意圖表。作為照射條件，採用了將照度訂為0.01mW／cm 2，工作比50%的間歇點燈8.3分鐘ON、8.3分鐘OFF之方法。 Fig. 7 is a graph showing the results of verification of inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus by the same method as in Fig. 4A except that the irradiation pattern of the emitted light L1 is different. As irradiation conditions, a method of setting the illuminance to 0.01 mW/cm 2 and the intermittent lighting of the duty ratio of 50% was ON for 8.3 minutes and OFF for 8.3 minutes.
按照圖7的結果，可知即使當射出光L1為間歇性地照射的情形下仍可得到菌等的不活化作用。From the results of FIG. 7 , it can be seen that even when the emitted light L1 is irradiated intermittently, the inactivation of bacteria and the like can be obtained.
進行驗證對於蟲的引誘效果之實驗。以下說明實驗的細節與結果。An experiment to verify the attracting effect on insects was conducted. The details and results of the experiments are described below.
[實驗1] 訂為實驗對象的蟲，係訂為和猩猩蠅同為雙翅目的成員之搖蚊。 [Experiment 1] The insects designated as experimental objects are chironomids, which are members of the order Diptera together with the orangutan fly.
圖8為實驗1的裝置構成模型化示意圖面。如圖8所示，實驗1的裝置，為將二個箱(B1，B2)以壓克力管P1連接而成之構成。在箱B1中配置光源N1。另，實驗時，裝置全體以遮光簾覆蓋，構成為不使外光進入裝置內。FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the device configuration model of
(實驗方法)
在箱B1配置光源N1，在箱B2放入搖蚊約150隻，實驗開始的同時令光源N1點燈，於規定的時間經過後計數從箱B2移動至箱B1的搖蚊的隻數。實驗係以將光源N1變更成上述實施例的紫外光照射器10、白色LED、螢光燈這3種類的狀態下進行。另，圖9為從白色LED射出的光的光譜，圖10為從螢光燈射出的光的光譜。
(experimental method)
Light source N1 was arranged in box B1, about 150 chironomids were placed in box B2, light source N1 was turned on at the same time as the experiment started, and the number of chironomids that moved from box B2 to box B1 was counted after a predetermined time elapsed. The experiment was performed in a state in which the light source N1 was changed to the three types of the
若光源N1為螢光燈，則實驗開始後40分鐘有21隻搖蚊移動至箱B1。If the light source N1 was a fluorescent lamp, 21 chironomids moved to the box B1 40 minutes after the start of the experiment.
若光源N1為白色LED，則實驗開始後40分鐘有23隻搖蚊移動至箱B1。If the light source N1 was a white LED, 23 chironomids moved to the box B1 40 minutes after the start of the experiment.
若光源N1為紫外光照射器10，則實驗開始後20分鐘有36隻搖蚊移動至箱B1。If the light source N1 is the
由以上的結果確認到，在被遮光簾覆蓋的暗環境下，螢光燈、白色LED、紫外光照射器10的任一者射出的光皆對於搖蚊有引誘效果。From the above results, it was confirmed that in a dark environment covered with a shading curtain, the light emitted by any one of the fluorescent lamp, the white LED, and the
[實驗2]
訂為實驗對象的蟲，如同實驗1般訂為搖蚊。
[Experiment 2]
The insects designated as experimental objects were designated as chironomids as in
圖11為實驗1的裝置構成模型化示意圖面。如圖11所示，實驗2的裝置，為將三個箱(B1，B2，B3)以壓克力管(P1，P2)串聯連接而成之構成。在箱B1配置光源N1，在箱B3配置光源N2。另，實驗時，裝置全體以遮光簾覆蓋，構成為不使外光進入裝置內。FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the device configuration model of
(實驗方法)
在箱B1配置光源N1，在箱B3配置光源N2，在箱B2放入搖蚊約150隻，實驗開始的同時令光源(N1，N2)點燈，於20分鐘後計數從箱B2移動至箱B1、箱B3各者的搖蚊的隻數。實驗2，如同實驗1般，係以從上述實施例的紫外光照射器10、白色LED、螢光燈這3種類當中光源N1與光源N2成為相互相異的組合之方式選擇光源N1，N2而進行。
(experimental method)
Light source N1 is arranged in box B1, light source N2 is arranged in box B3, about 150 chironomids are placed in box B2, the light sources (N1, N2) are turned on at the same time when the experiment starts, and the count moves from box B2 to box after 20 minutes The number of chironomids in each of box B1 and box B3. In
將各自的結果示於下記表1。The respective results are shown in Table 1 below.
[表1]
紫外光照射器10，當和白色LED或螢光燈同時點燈的情形下，成為對於搖蚊的引誘效果較小之結果。藉此，確認到在實際使用的周邊存在照明機器這樣的環境下，蟲往紫外光照射器10靠近的機率非常低。When the
[另一使用態樣] 以下說明另一使用態樣。 [Another aspect of use] Another usage aspect is described below.
＜1＞圖12為不活化裝置1的另一使用態樣模型化示意圖面。如圖12所示，示意不活化裝置1將夜間的自動販賣機3及其周邊的空間做不活化處理之情況。設想在人購入飲料的頻率低的深夜帶，對於自動地熄燈之狀態的自動販賣機3照射紫外光，將附著於人頻繁碰觸的按鈕或硬幣的投入口、商品取出口等之菌等予以不活化處理之態樣。<1> FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating another usage mode of the
另，圖12中，控制部20和紫外光照射器10被收進框體，載置於自動販賣機3的上部，因此看不見。In addition, in FIG. 12, since the
此外，圖12的構成，為了將更廣的範圍做不活化處理，係構成為具備複數個紫外光照射器10。如圖12所示，亦可構成為不活化裝置1具備複數個紫外光照射器10，控制部20將各自的紫外光照射器10集體或個別地控制。In addition, in the structure of FIG. 12, in order to carry out the inactivation process in a wider range, it is comprised so that the some
圖13為不活化裝置1的不同於圖12的使用態樣模型化示意圖面。如圖13所示，亦可配置為紫外光照射器10安裝於門4，射出光L1對於人頻繁碰觸的門把4a照射。又，亦可構成為紫外光照射器10配置於售票機或遊藝機等的周邊，或安裝於該些機器，射出光L1對於裝置或設備的操作按鈕或是操作用的觸控面板等照射。藉此，會防止由於門的開閉或購入操作等而附著於人碰觸的部分之菌或病毒接連地傳播至碰觸該部分的人，而能夠期盼抑制感染症的擴大之效果。FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a model of a use state of the deactivated
又，不活化裝置1，亦可和自動販賣機3這類具有照明機能的裝置、或照明裝置共享控制部20的控制機能，而以一體地控制各自的點燈時間等之方式構成照明系統的一部分。In addition, without activating the
＜2＞上述的不活化裝置1之實施形態中，說明了操作者操作控制部20的操作部23之態樣，但例如亦可構成為控制部20更具備無線接收部，接收從遙控器發訊的無線訊號而開始動作，或切換動作模式。<2> In the above-described embodiment of the
此外，不活化裝置1亦可構成為不具備控制部20，單純由操作者將紫外光照射器10的電源開啟／關閉。In addition, the
1:不活化裝置
2:長椅
3:自動販賣機
4:門
4a:門把
10:紫外光照射器
11:框體
12:準分子燈
12a:發光管
12b:電極
13:光取出窗
20:控制部
21:點燈控制部
22:計時器
23:操作部
L1:射出光
1: Inactive device
2: Bench
3: Vending machine
4:
[圖1]不活化裝置的一使用態樣模型化示意圖面。
[圖2]紫外光照射器的模型化側面圖。
[圖3]從紫外光照射器的光取出窗射出的光的光譜。
[圖4A]用來說明從紫外光照射器射出的紫外光發揮將菌不活化的作用之驗證結果。
[圖4B]用來說明從紫外光照射器射出的紫外光發揮將病毒不活化的作用之驗證結果。
[圖5]控制部的構成模型化示意方塊圖。
[圖6]控制部的點燈控制部對紫外光照射器發送之點燈控制訊號的一例示意圖表。
[圖7]用來說明當使紫外光照射器間歇點燈的情形下，發揮將菌不活化的作用之驗證結果。
[圖8]實驗1的裝置構成模型化示意圖面。
[圖9]從白色LED射出的光的光譜。
[圖10]從螢光燈射出的光的光譜。
[圖11]實驗2的裝置構成模型化示意圖面。
[圖12]不活化裝置的另一使用態樣模型化示意圖面。
[圖13]不活化裝置的另一使用態樣模型化示意圖面。
[圖14]從低壓水銀燈射出的光的光譜。
[圖15]猩猩蠅的視感度特性的圖表。
[FIG. 1] A schematic view of the modelling of a use state of the deactivated device.
[FIG. 2] A modeled side view of an ultraviolet light irradiator.
[ Fig. 3 ] The spectrum of light emitted from the light extraction window of the ultraviolet light irradiator.
[ Fig. 4A ] It is used to illustrate the results of verification that the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light irradiator exerts the effect of inactivating bacteria.
[FIG. 4B] It is used to illustrate the verification result that the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light irradiator has the effect of inactivating the virus.
[ Fig. 5 ] A schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the control unit.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example of the lighting control signal sent by the lighting control unit of the control unit to the ultraviolet irradiator.
[ Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is a result of verification for illustrating the effect of inactivating bacteria when the ultraviolet irradiator is intermittently lit.
[ Fig. 8 ] A schematic view of the device configuration model of
1:不活化裝置 1: Inactive device
2:長椅 2: Bench
10:紫外光照射器 10: UV light irradiator
20:控制部 20: Control Department
L1:射出光 L1: outgoing light
Claims (7)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020147016A JP2022041670A (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | Low insect-attracting method for inactivating bacteria or virus |
| JP2020-147016 | 2020-09-01 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW202227145A true TW202227145A (en) | 2022-07-16 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| TW110119944A TW202227145A (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2021-06-02 | Low insect-attracting method for inactivating microorganism or virus |
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|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2022041670A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW202227145A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022049844A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0678974A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1994-03-22 | Sanei Giken Kk | Sterilizing method |
| JPH10334701A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Portable luminaire |
| JP2007068651A (en) * | 2005-09-05 | 2007-03-22 | Fujimori Sangyo Kikai Kk | Ultraviolet irradiation device |
| EP3848092A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2021-07-14 | The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York | Apparatus, method, and system for selectively effecting and/or killing bacteria |
| JP2017528258A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2017-09-28 | デイライト メディカル，インク． | Indoor decontamination apparatus and method |
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2020
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| JP2022041670A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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