TW202223014A

TW202223014A - Dewatering agent and method for manufacturing dewatering agent, method for dewatering sludge

Info

Publication number: TW202223014A
Application number: TW110133508A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 廣芝泰祐; 小幡慶; 楊賀
Original assignee: 日商迪睿合股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-09-15
Filing date: 2021-09-09
Publication date: 2022-06-16
Also published as: JP2022048767A; CN114180811A

Abstract

The present invention provides a dewatering agent with excellent performance for reducing the water content of sludge, a manufacturing method thereof, and a method for dewatering sludge. The invention relates to a dewatering agent, a manufacturing method of dewatering agent, and a method for dewatering sludge. The dewatering agent contains polysaccharide and urea. The manufacturing method of the dewatering agent includes the following steps: a compounding step in which polysaccharide, urea, polymer compound and water are compounded to obtain a mixed product; a granulation step in which the above mixed product is granulated by extrusion granulation or stirring granulation to obtain granules; a drying step in which the above granules are dried to obtain a dried product; a crushing step in which the above dried product is crushed to obtain a crushed product; and a grading step for grading the above crushed product. Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the dewatering agent may also include the following steps: a compounding step in which polysaccharide, urea, and water are compounded to obtain a mixed product; a drying step in which the above mixed product is dried to obtain a dried product; a crushing step in which the above dried product is crushed to obtain a crushed product; and a grading step for grading the above crushed product. The method for dewatering the sludge includes the step of adding the dewatering agent to the sludge and the step of adding a polymeric flocculant to the sludge.

Description

脫水助劑及其製造方法、以及污泥之脫水方法Dewatering aid, method for producing the same, and method for dewatering sludge

本發明係關於一種脫水助劑及其製造方法、以及污泥之脫水方法。The present invention relates to a dewatering aid, a method for producing the same, and a method for dewatering sludge.

近年來，於在工廠等處製造各種製品之過程中，會大量地產生包含作為無機離子之金屬離子或氟離子等環境負荷物質的廢液，從而使用淨水劑進行淨水處理。並且，由於藉由淨水處理所產生之污泥包含大量水分，故而在進行脫水處理後，會作為廢棄物被處理。脫水污泥之含水率越低，廢棄物處理量越少，處理費用越會被縮減，因此期望對污泥高度地進行脫水處理。 In recent years, in the process of manufacturing various products in factories, etc., a large amount of waste liquid containing environmentally harmful substances such as metal ions and fluorine ions as inorganic ions is generated, and water purification agents are used for water purification treatment. In addition, since the sludge generated by the water purification treatment contains a large amount of water, it is disposed of as waste after the dehydration treatment. The lower the water content of the dewatered sludge, the smaller the amount of waste to be treated, and the more the treatment cost is reduced. Therefore, it is desired to perform dewatering treatment of the sludge to a high degree.

因此，例如提出有包含含水率為30～80重量%之纖維狀物之黏液嫘縈之污泥用脫水助劑(例如，參照專利文獻1)、含有具有特定流動電位值之紙漿之污泥之脫水助劑(例如，參照專利文獻2)等。Therefore, for example, a dewatering aid for sludge containing fibrous rayon having a moisture content of 30 to 80% by weight (for example, refer to Patent Document 1), and a sludge containing pulp having a specific flow potential value have been proposed. Dehydration aids (for example, refer to Patent Document 2) and the like.

但，上述所提出之技術並不能說完全令人滿意，例如必須使用大量脫水助劑，以進一步減少污泥之含水率等，現狀是，強烈要求快速開發一種能夠進一步減少污泥之含水率之技術。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] However, the above-mentioned technologies cannot be said to be completely satisfactory. For example, a large amount of dewatering aids must be used to further reduce the moisture content of the sludge. technology. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2007-283225號公報 [專利文獻2]日本專利特開2016-93777號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-283225 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-93777

[發明所欲解決之問題][Problems to be Solved by Invention]

本發明之課題在於解決先前之上述各個問題，並達成以下之目的。即，本發明之目的在於提供一種減少污泥之含水率之性能優異之脫水助劑及其製造方法、以及污泥之脫水方法。 [解決問題之技術手段] An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the following objects. That is, the objective of this invention is to provide the dehydration adjuvant which is excellent in the performance of reducing the water content of sludge, its manufacturing method, and the dehydration method of sludge. [Technical means to solve problems]

本發明人等進行銳意研究，結果發現，藉由使用包含多醣類及脲之脫水助劑，可達成自污泥之排水性之提高、及污泥之高密度化，即便添加少量，亦可大幅度減少污泥之含水率。The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research and found that, by using a dehydration aid containing polysaccharides and urea, it is possible to achieve an improvement in the drainage from the sludge and a high density of the sludge, even if a small amount is added. Significantly reduce the moisture content of sludge.

作為上述解決問題之技術手段，如下所示。即，＜1＞一種脫水助劑，其特徵在於包含：多醣類及脲。＜2＞如上述＜1＞所記載之脫水助劑，其中上述多醣類包含選自由纖維素、乙酸纖維素及麻所組成之群中之至少1種。＜3＞如上述＜1＞至＜2＞中任一項所記載之脫水助劑，其中當將上述多醣類與上述脲之合計質量設為100質量份時，上述多醣類為60質量份以上且未達100質量份，上述脲超過0質量份且為40質量份以下。＜4＞如上述＜1＞至＜3＞中任一項所記載之脫水助劑，其進而包含高分子化合物，且為粒子。＜5＞如上述＜4＞所記載之脫水助劑，其中上述高分子化合物包含選自由陰離子性高分子化合物、陽離子性高分子化合物、非離子性高分子化合物及兩性高分子化合物所組成之群中之至少1種。＜6＞一種脫水助劑之製造方法，其特徵在於包括：混練步驟，其將多醣類、脲、高分子化合物及水加以混練而獲得混練物；造粒步驟，其藉由擠出造粒或攪拌造粒而對上述混練物進行造粒而獲得粒子；乾燥步驟，其對上述粒子進行乾燥而獲得乾燥物；壓碎步驟，其對上述乾燥物進行壓碎而獲得壓碎物；及分級步驟，其對上述壓碎物進行分級。＜7＞一種脫水助劑之製造方法，其特徵在於包括：混練步驟，其將多醣類、脲及水加以混練而獲得混練物；乾燥步驟，其對上述混練物進行乾燥而獲得乾燥物；壓碎步驟，其對上述乾燥物進行壓碎而獲得壓碎物；及分級步驟，其對上述壓碎物進行分級。＜8＞一種污泥之脫水方法，其特徵在於包括：將如上述＜1＞至＜5＞中任一項所記載之脫水助劑添加至污泥中之步驟、及將高分子絮凝劑添加至污泥中之步驟。 [發明之效果] The technical means for solving the above-mentioned problems are as follows. which is, <1> A dehydration aid characterized by comprising: polysaccharides and urea. <2> The dehydration aid according to the above <1>, wherein the polysaccharide contains at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate, and hemp. <3> The dehydration aid according to any one of the above <1> to <2>, wherein the polysaccharide is 60 parts by mass when the total mass of the polysaccharide and the urea is 100 parts by mass part or more and less than 100 parts by mass, and the above-mentioned urea exceeds 0 parts by mass and is not more than 40 parts by mass. <4> The dehydration aid according to any one of the above <1> to <3>, which further contains a polymer compound and is a particle. <5> The dehydration aid according to the above <4>, wherein the polymer compound is selected from the group consisting of an anionic polymer compound, a cationic polymer compound, a nonionic polymer compound, and an amphoteric polymer compound at least one of them. <6> A method for producing a dehydration aid, characterized in that it comprises: The kneading step, which kneads the polysaccharides, urea, macromolecular compounds and water to obtain a kneaded product; A granulation step, which granulates the above-mentioned kneaded product by extrusion granulation or stirring granulation to obtain particles; A drying step, which dries the above-mentioned particles to obtain a dried product; A crushing step, which crushes the above-mentioned dried product to obtain a crushed product; and A classification step, which classifies the above-mentioned crushed material. <7> A method for producing a dehydration aid, characterized in that it comprises: Mixing step, which mixes polysaccharides, urea and water to obtain a kneaded product; A drying step, which dries the above kneaded product to obtain a dried product; A crushing step, which crushes the above-mentioned dried product to obtain a crushed product; and A classification step, which classifies the above-mentioned crushed material. <8> A method for dewatering sludge, comprising the step of adding the dewatering aid described in any one of the above <1> to <5> to the sludge, and The step of adding a polymer flocculant to the sludge. [Effect of invention]

根據本發明，可提供一種減少污泥之含水率之性能優異之脫水助劑及其製造方法、以及污泥之脫水方法，其可解決先前之上述各個問題，並達成上述目的。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a dewatering aid excellent in reducing the moisture content of sludge, a method for producing the same, and a method for dewatering sludge, which can solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the above-mentioned objects.

(脫水助劑) 本發明之脫水助劑至少包含多醣類及脲，進而視需要包含高分子化合物等其他成分。作為上述脫水助劑之態樣，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：混合物之態樣、粒子(以下，有時稱為「造粒物」)之態樣等。 (dehydration aid) The dehydration aid of the present invention contains at least a polysaccharide and urea, and further contains other components such as a polymer compound if necessary. The aspect of the dehydration aid is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

＜多醣類＞上述多醣類係由10個以上之單醣結合而構成之碳水化合物。上述多醣類可為疏水性，亦可為親水性，但就能夠進一步減少污泥之含水率之方面而言，較佳為疏水性。作為上述多醣類，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：纖維素類、麻等。上述多醣類可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。＜Polysaccharides＞ The above-mentioned polysaccharides are carbohydrates composed of a combination of 10 or more monosaccharides. The above-mentioned polysaccharide may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic, but is preferably hydrophobic because it can further reduce the water content of sludge. There is no restriction|limiting in particular as said polysaccharide, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a cellulose, hemp, etc. are mentioned. The above-mentioned polysaccharides may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

作為上述纖維素類，可例舉：作為天然高分子之纖維素或其鹽、該纖維素之衍生物或其鹽等。上述纖維素係以無水葡萄糖作為重複單元之高分子，且每個重複單元具有3個羥基。作為上述纖維素之衍生物，例如可例舉：纖維素之羥基與酸發生酯化所得之纖維素酯等。可根據酯化度及重量平均分子量來調節纖維素酯之性質。作為上述纖維素酯，例如可例舉：乙酸纖維素、乙醯纖維素、硝化纖維素等。上述纖維素類可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。 As said cellulose, the cellulose which is a natural polymer, its salt, the derivative of this cellulose, or its salt, etc. are mentioned. The above-mentioned cellulose is a polymer with anhydrous glucose as a repeating unit, and each repeating unit has 3 hydroxyl groups. As a derivative of the said cellulose, the cellulose ester etc. which are obtained by esterifying the hydroxyl group of a cellulose and an acid are mentioned, for example. The properties of the cellulose ester can be adjusted according to the degree of esterification and the weight average molecular weight. As said cellulose ester, a cellulose acetate, an acetyl cellulose, a nitrocellulose etc. are mentioned, for example. The above-mentioned celluloses may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

上述纖維素類之重量平均分子量較佳為100,000以上，更佳為150,000以上。重量平均分子量越高，越能夠提高減少污泥含水率之效果。上述纖維素類之重量平均分子量係例如將利用凝膠滲透層析法所得之測定值換算成標準聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯之分子量所得。 The weight average molecular weight of the above-mentioned cellulose is preferably 100,000 or more, more preferably 150,000 or more. The higher the weight average molecular weight, the higher the effect of reducing the water content of the sludge. The weight average molecular weight of the above-mentioned cellulose is obtained by, for example, converting the measured value obtained by gel permeation chromatography into the molecular weight of standard polymethyl methacrylate.

作為上述麻，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：長蒴黃麻、埃及國王菜(molokheiya)、亞麻、苧麻、***、洋麻等。其中，就能夠進一步減少污泥之含水率之方面而言，較佳為長蒴黃麻。上述麻可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。 There is no restriction|limiting in particular as said hemp, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, Capsule jute, Egyptian king vegetable (molokheiya), flax, ramie, hemp, kenaf, etc. are mentioned. Among them, Capsule jute is preferred in that the water content of the sludge can be further reduced. The said hemp may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

上述多醣類之中，就能夠進一步減少污泥之含水率之方面而言，較佳為包含選自由纖維素、乙酸纖維素及麻所組成之群中之至少1種。Among the above-mentioned polysaccharides, at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate, and hemp is preferably contained in terms of further reducing the water content of sludge.

上述多醣類較佳為粉末或粒子狀。上述多醣類之粒徑較佳為1,500 μm以下，更佳為1,190 μm以下，進而較佳為710 μm以下，尤佳為355 μm以下。若多醣類之粒徑為1,500 μm以下，則能夠進一步減少污泥之含水率。此處，多醣類之粒徑意指例如使用JIS Z8801-1(2006)及ISO3310-1：2000所規定之具有特定網眼之金屬製篩網所分級的纖維素類之粒徑。 The above-mentioned polysaccharides are preferably in the form of powder or granules. The particle size of the polysaccharide is preferably 1,500 μm or less, more preferably 1,190 μm or less, still more preferably 710 μm or less, and particularly preferably 355 μm or less. When the particle size of the polysaccharide is 1,500 μm or less, the water content of the sludge can be further reduced. Here, the particle diameter of polysaccharides means, for example, the particle diameter of cellulose classified using a metal mesh having a specific mesh specified in JIS Z8801-1 (2006) and ISO3310-1:2000.

上述多醣類可使用市售品，亦可使用藉由公知方法所製備者。As the above-mentioned polysaccharides, commercially available products may be used, or those produced by known methods may be used.

＜脲＞上述脲可使用市售品，亦可使用藉由公知方法所製備者。＜Urea＞ A commercial item can be used for the said urea, and the thing produced by a well-known method can also be used.

作為上述多醣類於脫水助劑中之含量與上述脲於脫水助劑中之含量的關係，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，當將上述多醣類與上述脲之合計質量設為100質量份時，較佳為上述多醣類為60質量份以上且未達100質量份，上述脲超過0質量份且為40質量份以下，更佳為上述多醣類為60質量份以上90質量份以下，上述脲為10質量份以上40質量份以下。就能夠進一步減少污泥之含水率之方面而言，若為上述較佳之範圍內，則較為有利。再者，上述質量可根據乾燥質量進行計算。The relationship between the content of the above-mentioned polysaccharides in the dehydration aid and the content of the above-mentioned urea in the dehydration aid is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. In the case of 100 parts by mass, the polysaccharide is preferably 60 parts by mass or more and less than 100 parts by mass, the urea is more than 0 parts by mass and 40 parts by mass or less, and more preferably the polysaccharide is 60 parts by mass or more 90 mass parts or less, and the said urea is 10 mass parts or more and 40 mass parts or less. In terms of being able to further reduce the water content of the sludge, it is more advantageous to be within the above-mentioned preferred range. Furthermore, the above-mentioned mass can be calculated from the dry mass.

作為上述多醣類與上述脲於脫水助劑中之合計含量，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，較佳為超過0質量%且為100質量%以下，更佳為60質量%以上99質量%以下，尤佳為85質量%以上95質量%以下。就能夠進一步減少污泥之含水率之方面而言，若為上述較佳之範圍內，則較為有利。上述脫水助劑可僅包含上述多醣類及上述脲。 The total content of the above-mentioned polysaccharides and the above-mentioned urea in the dehydration aid is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but is preferably more than 0% by mass and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or more 99 mass % or less, especially 85 mass % or more and 95 mass % or less are preferable. In terms of being able to further reduce the water content of the sludge, it is more advantageous to be within the above-mentioned preferred range. The above-mentioned dehydration aid may contain only the above-mentioned polysaccharides and the above-mentioned urea.

＜高分子化合物＞上述脫水助劑可進而含有高分子化合物。上述高分子化合物於上述粒子之脫水助劑中作為增黏材發揮功能。作為上述高分子化合物，只要能夠將上述脫水助劑製成粒子，則無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：選自由陰離子性高分子化合物、陽離子性高分子化合物、非離子性高分子化合物及兩性高分子化合物所組成之群中之至少1種。該等可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。＜Polymer compound＞ The above-mentioned dehydration aid may further contain a polymer compound. The above-mentioned polymer compound functions as a tackifier in the dehydration aid of the above-mentioned particles. The above-mentioned polymer compound is not particularly limited as long as the above-mentioned dehydration aid can be made into particles, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, anionic polymer compounds, cationic polymer compounds, nonionic At least one of the group consisting of a sexual polymer compound and an amphoteric polymer compound. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

作為上述高分子化合物之具體例，可例舉：包含丙烯醯胺之聚合物(有時簡稱為「聚丙烯醯胺」、「PAM」)、聚胺、海藻酸鈉、聚丙烯酸鈉、羧甲基纖維素(CMC)鈉鹽等。該等之中，較佳為包含丙烯醯胺之聚合物、聚丙烯醯胺、聚丙烯酸鈉。上述高分子化合物可具有離子結構。於離子為陽離子之情形時，例如可例舉：銨鹽、鋶鹽等。於離子為陰離子之情形時，例如可例舉：羧酸鹽等。上述高分子化合物可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。 Specific examples of the above-mentioned polymer compounds include polymers containing acrylamide (sometimes abbreviated as "polyacrylamide" and "PAM"), polyamines, sodium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, and carboxymethyl. Cellulose (CMC) sodium salt, etc. Among these, polymers containing acrylamide, polyacrylamide, and sodium polyacrylate are preferred. The above-mentioned polymer compound may have an ionic structure. When an ion is a cation, for example, an ammonium salt, a titanate salt, etc. are mentioned. When an ion is an anion, a carboxylate etc. are mentioned, for example. The above-mentioned polymer compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

上述高分子化合物可使用市售品，亦可使用藉由公知方法所製備者。作為上述市售品，例如，作為聚丙烯醯胺，可例舉：Flopam AN 905、Flopam AN 926、Flopam AN 956(均為SNF股份有限公司製造)；Accofloc A-100、Accofloc A-150(均為MT AquaPolymer股份有限公司製造)等，作為聚丙烯酸鈉，可例舉：Accofloc A-190(MT AquaPolymer股份有限公司製造)、PA-331(栗田工業股份有限公司製造)等。 A commercial item may be used for the said polymer compound, and the thing produced by a well-known method may be used. Examples of the above-mentioned commercial products include, for example, polypropylene amides: Flopam AN 905, Flopam AN 926, and Flopam AN 956 (all are manufactured by SNF Co., Ltd.); Accofloc A-100, Accofloc A-150 (all Accofloc A-190 (made by MT AquaPolymer Co., Ltd.), PA-331 (made by Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd.), etc. are mentioned as sodium polyacrylate.

作為上述高分子化合物於脫水助劑中之含量，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，較佳為50質量%以下，更佳為20質量%以下，尤佳為10質量%以下。就能夠增加脫水助劑中之多醣類或脲之量之方面而言，若上述高分子化合物之量較少，則較為有利。The content of the polymer compound in the dehydration aid is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 10% by mass or less. In terms of being able to increase the amount of polysaccharides or urea in the dehydration aid, it is advantageous that the amount of the above-mentioned high molecular compound is small.

＜其他成分＞作為上述其他成分，只要無損本發明之效果，則無特別限制，可根據目的對通常污泥處理所使用之成分等進行適當選擇，例如可例舉：消泡劑、除臭劑等。該等可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。作為上述其他成分於脫水助劑中之含量，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。＜Other ingredients＞ The other components described above are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and components and the like generally used for sludge treatment can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples thereof include antifoaming agents and deodorants. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together. The content of the above-mentioned other components in the dehydration aid is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

上述脫水助劑例如可良好地用作污泥之脫水助劑。The above-mentioned dewatering aids can be favorably used, for example, as dewatering aids for sludge.

(脫水助劑之製造方法) [第1態樣] 本發明之脫水助劑之製造方法之第1態樣至少包括混練步驟、造粒步驟、乾燥步驟、壓碎步驟及分級步驟，進而視需要包括其他步驟。 (Manufacturing method of dehydration aid) [the first aspect] The first aspect of the method for producing a dehydration aid of the present invention includes at least a kneading step, a granulation step, a drying step, a crushing step, and a classification step, and further includes other steps as necessary.

＜混練步驟＞上述第1態樣中之混練步驟係將多醣類、脲、高分子化合物、水及進而視需要之其他成分加以混練而獲得混練物之步驟。＜Mixing step＞ The kneading step in the above-mentioned first aspect is a step of kneading polysaccharides, urea, polymer compounds, water, and other components as needed to obtain a kneaded product.

作為上述混練之方法，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。例如，可將多醣類、脲、高分子化合物、水及進而視需要之其他成分一次性混合，將所獲得之混合物加以混練，獲得混練物；可將多醣類、脲、高分子化合物及進而視需要之其他成分加以混合獲得混合物後，於上述混合物中加入水，其後，對加入水之上述混合物加以混練，獲得混練物。上述多醣類較佳為粉碎物。 There is no restriction|limiting in particular as the method of the said kneading-kneading, According to the objective, it can select suitably. For example, polysaccharides, urea, polymer compounds, water, and other components as needed can be mixed at one time, and the obtained mixture can be kneaded to obtain a kneaded product; polysaccharides, urea, polymer compounds, and Furthermore, after mixing other components as needed to obtain a mixture, water is added to the above-mentioned mixture, and then the above-mentioned mixture to which water is added is kneaded to obtain a kneaded product. The above-mentioned polysaccharides are preferably ground products.

作為上述混練步驟中之水之使用量，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如，作為水相對於多醣類、脲與高分子化合物之合計質量之使用量，可例舉20～300質量%等。The amount of water used in the above-mentioned kneading step is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. 300% by mass, etc.

上述混練可使用裝置進行。作為上述混練所使用之裝置，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：行星式混合機等立式混合機等。作為上述混合機之轉速、時間等條件，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。The above-mentioned kneading can be performed using an apparatus. There is no restriction|limiting in particular as an apparatus used for the said kneading, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, vertical mixers, such as a planetary mixer, etc. are mentioned. Conditions such as the rotational speed and time of the mixer are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

＜造粒步驟＞上述第1態樣中之造粒步驟係藉由擠出造粒或攪拌造粒對上述混練物進行造粒而獲得粒子(造粒物)之步驟。 <Pelletizing step> The granulation step in the above-mentioned first aspect is a step of granulating the above-mentioned kneaded product by extrusion granulation or stirring granulation to obtain particles (granulated product).

作為對上述混練物進行造粒之方法，可例舉：擠出造粒方式、攪拌造粒方式、片材化造粒方式等，因此，當對含有多醣類、脲、高分子化合物之混練物進行造粒時，利用擠出造粒方式或攪拌造粒方式之良率高於利用片材化造粒方式之良率，就成為高生產性之方面而言，較佳為擠出造粒方式或攪拌造粒方式。具體而言，利用擠出造粒方式或攪拌造粒方式之分級時之損失少於利用片材化造粒方式之分級時之損失。進而，利用擠出造粒方式之分級時之損失少於利用攪拌造粒方式之分級時之損失，利用擠出造粒方式之生產性高於利用攪拌造粒方式之生產性。As a method of granulating the above-mentioned kneaded product, extrusion granulation method, stirring granulation method, sheet granulation method, etc. can be mentioned. When the material is granulated, the yield rate of the extrusion granulation method or the stirring granulation method is higher than that of the sheet granulation method. In terms of high productivity, extrusion granulation is preferred. method or stirring granulation method. Specifically, the loss in the classification by the extrusion granulation method or the stirring granulation method is less than that in the classification by the sheet granulation method. Furthermore, the loss in the classification by the extrusion granulation method is smaller than that in the classification by the stirring granulation method, and the productivity by the extrusion granulation method is higher than that by the stirring granulation method.

此處，擠出造粒係將上述混練物之濕塊自小孔擠出成圓柱狀而進行造粒之方法。所謂攪拌造粒係將上述混練物放入至容器中一面攪拌一面使混練物中之粒子凝集而進行造粒之方法。所謂片材化造粒係乾式造粒之一種，係將粉體於2個輥間壓碎並將原材料製成片狀後進行粉碎而進行造粒之方法。 Here, extrusion granulation is a method of granulating by extruding the wet mass of the above-mentioned kneaded product into a cylindrical shape through a small hole. The stirring granulation is a method of granulating the above-mentioned kneaded material into a container while stirring the particles in the kneaded material to aggregate. The sheet-forming granulation is one of dry granulation, and is a method of granulating by crushing powder between two rolls, making a raw material into a sheet shape, and then pulverizing it.

上述擠出造粒或攪拌造粒可適當地選擇公知方法來進行。作為上述擠出造粒或攪拌造粒中之條件，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。The above-mentioned extrusion granulation or stirring granulation can be carried out by appropriately selecting a known method. There is no restriction|limiting in particular as conditions in the said extrusion granulation or stirring granulation, According to the objective, it can select suitably.

＜乾燥步驟＞上述第1態樣中之乾燥步驟係對上述粒子進行乾燥而獲得乾燥物之步驟。 <Drying step> The drying step in the above-mentioned first aspect is a step of drying the above-mentioned particles to obtain a dried product.

上述乾燥可適當地選擇公知方法來進行，例如可例舉：振動流動層乾燥機、熱風乾燥機等。作為上述乾燥中之條件，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。The above-mentioned drying can be performed by appropriately selecting a known method, and examples thereof include a vibration fluidized bed dryer, a hot air dryer, and the like. There is no restriction|limiting in particular as conditions in the said drying, According to the objective, it can select suitably.

作為上述乾燥物中之水分量，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，較佳為15質量%以下。There is no restriction|limiting in particular as a moisture content in the said dry matter, According to the objective, it can select suitably, Preferably it is 15 mass % or less.

藉由進行上述乾燥步驟，而於下述壓碎步驟中，變得容易壓碎，成為高生產性。By carrying out the above-mentioned drying process, in the following crushing process, it becomes easy to crush, and it becomes high productivity.

＜壓碎步驟＞上述第1態樣中之壓碎步驟係對上述乾燥物進行壓碎而獲得壓碎物之步驟。＜Crushing step＞ The crushing step in the above-mentioned first aspect is a step of crushing the above-mentioned dried product to obtain a crushed product.

上述壓碎可適當選擇公知方法來進行，例如可例舉壓碎機等。作為上述壓碎中之條件，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。The said crushing can be performed by suitably selecting a well-known method, for example, a crusher etc. are mentioned. There is no restriction|limiting in particular as a condition in the said crushing, According to the objective, it can select suitably.

作為上述壓碎之程度，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。There is no restriction|limiting in particular as the degree of the said crushing, According to the objective, it can select suitably.

＜分級步驟＞上述第1態樣中之分級步驟係對上述壓碎物進行分級之步驟。 <Grading procedure> The classification step in the above-mentioned first aspect is a step of classifying the above-mentioned crushed product.

上述分級可適當地選擇公知方法來進行，例如可例舉：使用篩之篩分、或振動式分級機、重力分級機、離心分級機(旋風分離器式分級機)、慣性分級機等。作為上述分級中之條件，並無特別限制，可根據脫水助劑之粒徑進行適當選擇。The above-mentioned classification can be performed by appropriately selecting a known method, and examples thereof include sieving using a sieve, vibrating classifier, gravity classifier, centrifugal classifier (cyclone classifier), inertial classifier, and the like. The conditions in the above classification are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the particle size of the dehydration aid.

＜其他步驟＞作為上述脫水助劑之製造方法之第1態樣中之其他步驟，只要無損本發明之效果，則無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉粉碎步驟等，該粉碎步驟係對原料所使用之多醣類進行粉碎而製成粉碎物。 <Other steps> The other steps in the first aspect of the method for producing a dehydration aid are not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. The polysaccharides used as raw materials are ground to obtain a ground product.

[第2態樣] 又，本發明之脫水助劑之製造方法之第2態樣至少包括混練步驟、乾燥步驟、壓碎步驟及分級步驟，視需要進而包括其他步驟。 [the second aspect] Moreover, the 2nd aspect of the manufacturing method of the dehydration aid of this invention includes at least a kneading step, a drying step, a crushing step, and a classification step, and further includes other steps as necessary.

＜混練步驟＞上述第2態樣中之混練步驟係將多醣類、脲、水及進而視需要之其他成分加以混練而獲得混練物之步驟，除於上述第1態樣中之混練步驟中不使用高分子化合物以外，可以相同之方式來進行。根據上述第2態樣中之混練步驟，使上述脲溶解於水中，上述多醣類之表面被塗佈。＜Mixing step＞ The kneading step in the above-mentioned second aspect is a step of kneading polysaccharides, urea, water and other components as needed to obtain a kneaded product, except that in the kneading step in the above-mentioned first aspect, no polymer is used. Other than compounds, it can be carried out in the same manner. According to the kneading step in the above-mentioned second aspect, the above-mentioned urea is dissolved in water, and the surface of the above-mentioned polysaccharide is coated.

＜乾燥步驟＞上述第2態樣中之乾燥步驟係對上述混練物進行乾燥而獲得乾燥物之步驟，可以與上述第1態樣中之乾燥步驟相同之方式進行。 <Drying step> The drying step in the above-mentioned second aspect is a step of drying the kneaded product to obtain a dried product, and can be performed in the same manner as the drying step in the above-mentioned first aspect.

＜壓碎步驟＞上述第2態樣中之壓碎步驟係對上述乾燥物進行壓碎而獲得壓碎物之步驟，可以與上述第1態樣中之壓碎步驟相同之方式進行。＜Crushing step＞ The crushing step in the above-mentioned second aspect is a step of crushing the above-mentioned dried material to obtain a crushed material, and can be performed in the same manner as the crushing step in the above-mentioned first aspect.

＜分級步驟＞上述第2態樣中之分級步驟係對上述壓碎物進行分級之步驟，可以與上述第1態樣中之分級步驟相同之方式進行。 <Grading procedure> The classification step in the above-mentioned second aspect is a step of classifying the above-mentioned crushed material, and can be performed in the same manner as the classification step in the above-mentioned first aspect.

＜其他步驟＞作為上述脫水助劑之製造方法之第2態樣中之其他步驟，只要無損本發明之效果，則無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：與上述第1態樣中之其他步驟相同之步驟。 <Other steps> The other steps in the second aspect of the method for producing the dehydration aid are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. The other steps are the same.

(污泥之脫水方法) 本發明之污泥之脫水方法至少包括：脫水助劑添加步驟、及高分子絮凝劑添加步驟，進而視需要包括其他步驟。 (Dewatering method of sludge) The sludge dewatering method of the present invention at least includes: a dehydration aid adding step, a polymer flocculant adding step, and further steps may be included if necessary.

作為上述污泥，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：於含有無機系多餘物之排水之淨化處理步驟中所產生之污泥等。There is no restriction|limiting in particular as said sludge, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the sludge etc. which generate|occur|produce in the purification process process of the waste water containing an inorganic system are mentioned.

作為上述無機系多餘物，例如可例舉：鎳、氟、鐵、銅、鋅、鉻、砷、鎘、錫、鉛等。該等可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。As said inorganic type excess substance, nickel, fluorine, iron, copper, zinc, chromium, arsenic, cadmium, tin, lead etc. are mentioned, for example. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

作為上述污泥之一例的含有無機系多餘物之排水之淨化處理步驟中所產生之污泥例如如下所述而產生。對於含有無機系多餘物之排水，藉由無機絮凝劑之添加等使上述無機系多餘物中之無機離子不溶化，形成懸浮物質(Suspended solid，以下有時稱為「SS」)的微絮凝物，使上述微絮凝物發生絮凝沈澱，藉此沈澱分離成上清液與污泥，自該沈澱分離物分離出上述污泥。 The sludge which is produced in the purification process of the waste water containing the inorganic type waste which is an example of the above-mentioned sludge is produced as follows, for example. For wastewater containing inorganic waste, inorganic ions in the inorganic waste are insolubilized by adding an inorganic flocculant, etc., to form micro-flocs of suspended solids (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "SS"). The above-mentioned microflocs are subjected to flocculation and precipitation, whereby the precipitation is separated into a supernatant liquid and a sludge, and the above-mentioned sludge is separated from the precipitation separation product.

＜脫水助劑添加步驟＞上述脫水助劑添加步驟係將本發明之脫水助劑添加至污泥中之步驟。作為上述脫水助劑之添加量，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如，相對於污泥中之懸浮物質，以絕對乾燥重量計，較佳為0.1～30重量%，更佳為1～25重量%，尤佳為10～20重量%。 <Addition step of dehydration aid> The above-mentioned step of adding the dewatering aid is a step of adding the dewatering aid of the present invention to the sludge. The addition amount of the above-mentioned dehydration aid is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. 1 to 25% by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 20% by weight.

作為上述脫水助劑添加至污泥之方法，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如，可1次添加全部量，亦可分複數次添加。又，於持續或間歇性流入、抽出污泥之情形時，可考慮污泥之流入量、抽出量，額外添加上述脫水助劑。There is no restriction|limiting in particular as the method of adding the said dewatering aid to sludge, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the whole amount may be added at one time, or it may be added in multiple times. In addition, in the case of continuous or intermittent inflow and extraction of sludge, the above-mentioned dewatering aid may be additionally added in consideration of the inflow and extraction amounts of sludge.

將上述脫水助劑較下述高分子絮凝劑更早地添加至污泥中，藉此可使脫水助劑均勻分散於污泥中。By adding the above-mentioned dewatering aid to the sludge earlier than the following polymer flocculant, the dewatering aid can be uniformly dispersed in the sludge.

＜高分子絮凝劑添加步驟＞上述高分子絮凝劑添加步驟係將高分子絮凝劑添加至污泥中之步驟。上述高分子絮凝劑添加步驟係於上述脫水助劑添加步驟之後進行。藉由添加上述高分子絮凝劑，可促進絮凝。 <Addition step of polymer flocculant> The above-mentioned step of adding the polymer flocculant is a step of adding the polymer flocculant to the sludge. The above-mentioned polymer flocculant addition step is performed after the above-mentioned dehydration aid addition step. By adding the above-mentioned polymer flocculant, flocculation can be promoted.

作為上述高分子絮凝劑，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，可較佳地使用表現出去除排水中之上述無機系多餘物之效果者，例如可例舉：選自由陰離子性高分子絮凝劑、陽離子性高分子絮凝劑、非離子性高分子絮凝劑、及兩性高分子絮凝劑所組成之群中之至少1種。該等可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。The polymer flocculant is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and one that exhibits the effect of removing the above-mentioned inorganic waste in drainage water can be preferably used. For example, one selected from anionic polymers can be used. At least one of the group consisting of a flocculant, a cationic polymer flocculant, a nonionic polymer flocculant, and an amphoteric polymer flocculant. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.

作為上述高分子絮凝劑之具體例，可例舉：包含丙烯醯胺之聚合物(有時簡稱為「聚丙烯醯胺」、「PAM」)、聚胺、海藻酸鈉、聚丙烯酸鈉、羧甲基纖維素(CMC)鈉鹽等。該等之中，較佳為包含丙烯醯胺之聚合物、聚丙烯醯胺、聚丙烯酸鈉。上述高分子絮凝劑可具有離子結構。於離子為陽離子之情形時，例如可例舉：銨鹽、鋶鹽等。於離子為陰離子之情形時，例如可例舉：羧酸鹽等。上述高分子絮凝劑可單獨使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。上述高分子絮凝劑之中，較佳為陽離子性高分子絮凝劑。 Specific examples of the above-mentioned polymer flocculants include polymers containing acrylamide (sometimes abbreviated as "polyacrylamide" and "PAM"), polyamines, sodium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, carboxylate Methylcellulose (CMC) sodium salt, etc. Among these, polymers containing acrylamide, polyacrylamide, and sodium polyacrylate are preferred. The above-mentioned polymer flocculants may have an ionic structure. When an ion is a cation, for example, an ammonium salt, a titanate salt, etc. are mentioned. When an ion is an anion, a carboxylate etc. are mentioned, for example. The above-mentioned polymer flocculants may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among the above-mentioned polymer flocculants, cationic polymer flocculants are preferred.

上述高分子絮凝劑可使用市售品，亦可使用藉由公知方法所製備者。作為上述市售品，例如，作為聚丙烯醯胺，可例舉：Flopam AN 905、Flopam AN 926、Flopam AN 956(均為SNF股份有限公司製造)；Accofloc A-100、Accofloc A-150(均為MT AquaPolymer股份有限公司製造)等，作為聚丙烯酸鈉，可例舉：Accofloc A-190(MT AquaPolymer股份有限公司製造)、PA-331(栗田工業股份有限公司製造)等。 As the above-mentioned polymer flocculant, a commercially available product may be used, or one prepared by a known method may be used. Examples of the above-mentioned commercial products include, for example, polypropylene amides: Flopam AN 905, Flopam AN 926, and Flopam AN 956 (all are manufactured by SNF Co., Ltd.); Accofloc A-100, Accofloc A-150 (all Accofloc A-190 (made by MT AquaPolymer Co., Ltd.), PA-331 (made by Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd.), etc. are mentioned as sodium polyacrylate.

作為上述高分子絮凝劑之添加量，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如可例舉：相對於污泥中之懸浮物質，以絕對乾燥重量計，添加0.1～5重量%；等。The addition amount of the above-mentioned polymer flocculant is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. .

作為上述高分子絮凝劑添加至污泥之方法，並無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇，例如，可1次添加全部量，亦可分複數次添加。又，於持續或間歇性流入、抽出污泥之情形時，可考慮污泥之流入量、抽出量，額外添加上述高分子絮凝劑。There is no restriction|limiting in particular as the method of adding the said polymer flocculent to sludge, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the whole amount may be added at one time, or it may be added in multiple times. In addition, in the case of continuous or intermittent inflow and extraction of sludge, the above-mentioned polymer flocculant may be additionally added in consideration of the inflow and extraction amounts of sludge.

作為添加有上述脫水助劑及上述高分子絮凝劑之污泥之脫水處理之方法，並無特別限制，可適當地選擇公知方法進行實施，例如可使用加壓脫水機、真空脫水機、帶式壓濾機脫水機、離心脫水機、螺旋壓力機脫水機等進行實施。該等可單獨使用1種，亦可組合2種以上使用。藉由上述脫水處理，可獲得脫水污泥(有時亦稱為「污泥脫水物」)。 There is no particular limitation on the method of dewatering the sludge to which the dehydration aid and the polymer flocculant are added, and a known method can be appropriately selected for implementation. For example, a pressurized dehydrator, a vacuum dehydrator, or a belt Filter press dehydrator, centrifugal dehydrator, screw press dehydrator, etc. are implemented. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types. By the above-mentioned dehydration treatment, dewatered sludge (sometimes also referred to as "dehydrated sludge") can be obtained.

＜其他步驟＞作為上述污泥之脫水方法中之其他步驟，只要無損本發明之效果，則無特別限制，可根據目的來適當選擇。 [實施例] <Other steps> The other steps in the above-mentioned sludge dewatering method are not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. [Example]

以下，說明本發明之實施例等，但本發明並不受該等實施例等任何限定。Hereinafter, although the Example etc. of this invention are demonstrated, this invention is not limited by these Examples etc. at all.

(實施例1) 將作為多醣類之乙酸纖維素(粒徑355 μm以下，重量平均分子量(Mw)184,000，關東化學股份有限公司製造)90質量份、脲(Urea 特級，富士膠片和光純藥公司製造)10質量份、及水50質量份加以混練，獲得混練物。使用乾燥機(輸送帶型乾燥機，Godai Engineering公司製造)對上述混練物進行乾燥(120℃，30分鐘)，獲得乾燥物。使用壓碎機(Orientmill，Orient機械公司製造)對上述乾燥物進行壓碎(1,000 rpm，篩網直徑

5 mm)，獲得壓碎物。使用分級機(振動式分級機，Dalton公司製造)對上述壓碎物進行分級(篩網眼：850 μm)，獲得脫水助劑。再者，所謂乙酸纖維素之粒徑為355 μm以下意指通過了JIS Z8801-1(2006)及ISO3310-1：2000所規定之網眼355 μm之金屬製篩網的乙酸纖維素之粒徑。 (Example 1) As a polysaccharide, 90 parts by mass of cellulose acetate (particle size of 355 μm or less, weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 184,000, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), urea (Urea special grade, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Company manufacture) 10 mass parts and 50 mass parts of water were kneaded, and the kneaded material was obtained. The above-mentioned kneaded product was dried (120° C., 30 minutes) using a dryer (conveyor-type dryer, manufactured by Godai Engineering) to obtain a dried product. The above dried material was crushed using a crusher (Orientmill, manufactured by Orient Machinery Co., Ltd.) (1,000 rpm, sieve diameter

5 mm) to obtain crushed material. The above-mentioned crushed material was classified (mesh: 850 μm) using a classifier (vibration classifier, manufactured by Dalton Corporation) to obtain a dehydration aid. In addition, that the particle size of cellulose acetate is 355 μm or less means the particle size of cellulose acetate that has passed through a metal screen with a mesh size of 355 μm specified in JIS Z8801-1 (2006) and ISO3310-1:2000 .

(實施例2) 將作為多醣類之乙酸纖維素(與實施例1相同之物質)85質量份、脲(與實施例1相同之物質)10質量份、作為高分子化合物之聚丙烯醯胺(FO4190VHM，SNF公司製造)5質量份、及水150質量份加以混練，獲得混練物。使用擠出造粒機(籃式濕式造粒機，菊水製作所製造)對上述混練物進行擠出造粒(轉速：30 rpm，篩網直徑

0.8 mm)，獲得造粒物(粒子)。使用乾燥機(輸送帶型乾燥機，Godai Engineering公司製造)對上述粒子進行乾燥(120℃，30分鐘)，獲得乾燥物。使用壓碎機(Orientmill，Orient機械公司製造)對上述乾燥物進行壓碎(1,000 rpm，篩網直徑

5 mm)，獲得壓碎物。使用分級機(振動式分級機，Dalton公司製造)對上述壓碎物進行分級(篩網眼：850 μm)，獲得脫水助劑。 (Example 2) 85 parts by mass of cellulose acetate (the same substance as in Example 1) as a polysaccharide, 10 parts by mass of urea (the same substance as in Example 1), and polyacrylamide as a polymer compound (FO4190VHM, manufactured by SNF) 5 parts by mass and 150 parts by mass of water were kneaded to obtain a kneaded product. The above kneaded product was extruded and granulated using an extrusion granulator (basket wet granulator, manufactured by Kikusui Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) (rotational speed: 30 rpm, mesh diameter

0.8 mm) to obtain granules (particles). The above-mentioned particles were dried (120° C., 30 minutes) using a dryer (conveyor type dryer, manufactured by Godai Engineering) to obtain a dried product. The above dried material was crushed using a crusher (Orientmill, manufactured by Orient Machinery Co., Ltd.) (1,000 rpm, sieve diameter

5 mm) to obtain crushed material. The above-mentioned crushed material was classified (mesh: 850 μm) using a classifier (vibration classifier, manufactured by Dalton Corporation) to obtain a dehydration aid.

(實施例3) 除將實施例1中乙酸纖維素與脲之質量比改為80：20以外，以與實施例1相同之方式獲得脫水助劑。 (Example 3) A dehydration aid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of cellulose acetate to urea in Example 1 was changed to 80:20.

(實施例4) 除將實施例1中乙酸纖維素與脲之質量比改為60：40以外，以與實施例1相同之方式獲得脫水助劑。 (Example 4) A dehydration aid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of cellulose acetate to urea in Example 1 was changed to 60:40.

(實施例5) 除將實施例2中乙酸纖維素之量自85質量份改為60質量份，又，將脲之量自10質量份改為35質量份以外，以與實施例2相同之方式獲得脫水助劑。 (Example 5) A dehydration aid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the amount of cellulose acetate in Example 2 was changed from 85 parts by mass to 60 parts by mass, and the amount of urea was changed from 10 parts by mass to 35 parts by mass .

(實施例6) 除將實施例1中乙酸纖維素與脲之質量比改為40：60以外，以與實施例1相同之方式獲得脫水助劑。 (Example 6) A dehydration aid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of cellulose acetate to urea in Example 1 was changed to 40:60.

(實施例7) 除將實施例1中乙酸纖維素與脲之質量比改為20：80以外，以與實施例1相同之方式獲得脫水助劑。 (Example 7) A dehydration aid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of cellulose acetate and urea in Example 1 was changed to 20:80.

(比較例2) 將乙酸纖維素(與實施例1相同之物質)設為脫水助劑。 (Comparative Example 2) Cellulose acetate (the same substance as in Example 1) was used as a dehydration aid.

(比較例3) 將乙酸纖維素(與實施例1相同之物質)設為脫水助劑。 (Comparative Example 3) Cellulose acetate (the same substance as in Example 1) was used as a dehydration aid.

(比較例4) 將乙酸纖維素(與實施例1相同之物質)設為脫水助劑。 (Comparative Example 4) Cellulose acetate (the same substance as in Example 1) was used as a dehydration aid.

(比較例5) 將脲(與實施例1相同之物質)設為脫水助劑。 (Comparative Example 5) Urea (the same substance as in Example 1) was used as a dehydration aid.

(比較例6) 將脲(與實施例1相同之物質)設為脫水助劑。 (Comparative Example 6) Urea (the same substance as in Example 1) was used as a dehydration aid.

(試驗例1) 於自污水處理廠產生之消化污泥漿料25 g(固形物成分濃度1.69%，固形物成分量0.423 g)中，添加下述表1所記載之量之實施例1～7及比較例2～6中任一種脫水助劑，製備污泥漿料。將上述污泥漿料25 mL放入至離心管中，添加相對於懸浮物質(SS)以絕對乾燥重量計為0.25重量%之高分子絮凝劑(陽離子性聚丙烯醯胺：FO4190VHM，SNF公司製造)後，在離心管間轉移10次，以使之絮凝。對所絮凝之污泥進行離心分離(1,500 G，5分鐘)後，去除上清液，將污泥移至濾紙上，進而進行離心脫水(2,500 G，10分鐘)，獲得脫水污泥。又，將除不使用脫水助劑以外，以相同之方式進行處理所得者作為比較例1。 (Test Example 1) To 25 g of digested sludge slurry (solid content concentration 1.69%, solid content amount 0.423 g) produced from a sewage treatment plant, the amounts of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Example 2 described in Table 1 below were added Any one of the dewatering aids in ~6, to prepare sludge slurry. 25 mL of the above-mentioned sludge slurry was put into a centrifuge tube, and 0.25 wt % of a polymer flocculant (cationic polyacrylamide: FO4190VHM, manufactured by SNF Corporation) was added by absolute dry weight relative to the suspended matter (SS). ), transferred 10 times between centrifuge tubes to flocculate. The flocculated sludge was centrifuged (1,500 G, 5 minutes), the supernatant was removed, the sludge was transferred to filter paper, and centrifugation was performed (2,500 G, 10 minutes) to obtain dewatered sludge. Moreover, except not using a dehydration aid, what was processed in the same manner was used as Comparative Example 1.

以下述方式求出上述脫水污泥之含水率(以下，有時稱為「污泥含水率」)。測定上述脫水污泥之重量，求出脫水污泥之重量A。繼而，對藉由105℃之烘箱製成絕對乾燥狀態(水分量0.05%以下)後之脫水污泥之重量B進行測定。此處，確認水分量時使用加熱乾燥式水分計(MX-50，A&D股份有限公司製造)。據此，用脫水污泥中所含之水分之重量(A-B)除以脫水污泥之重量(A)而獲得百分率，藉此求出污泥含水率。將結果示於下述表1。再者，污泥含水率得到了高精度之測定。 The moisture content of the dewatered sludge (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "sludge moisture content") was obtained in the following manner. The weight of the said dewatered sludge was measured, and the weight A of the dewatered sludge was calculated|required. Next, the weight B of the dewatered sludge after making it into an absolutely dry state (water content 0.05% or less) by the oven of 105 degreeC was measured. Here, a heat drying moisture meter (MX-50, manufactured by A&D Co., Ltd.) was used to confirm the moisture content. Accordingly, the weight (A-B) of the water contained in the dewatered sludge was divided by the weight (A) of the dewatered sludge to obtain a percentage, thereby obtaining the sludge moisture content. The results are shown in Table 1 below. Furthermore, the sludge moisture content was measured with high precision.

[表1] 脫水助劑高分子絮凝劑污泥含水率含水率差(與比較例1之差) 多醣類脲高分子化合物多醣類/脲 (重量比) 添加量[g] 相對於SS之添加率% 相對於SS之添加率% 比較例1 無無無 - - - 0.25 91.7% - 比較例2 乙酸纖維素無無 100/0 0.02 5 0.25 88.7% -3.0% 比較例3 乙酸纖維素無無 100/0 0.04 9 0.25 87.8% -3.9% 比較例4 乙酸纖維素無無 100/0 0.08 19 0.25 86.3% -5.4% 比較例5 無有無 0/100 0.04 9 0.25 88.9% -2.8% 比較例6 無有無 0/100 0.08 19 0.25 88.4% -3.3% 實施例1 乙酸纖維素有無 90/10 0.08 19 0.25 86.0% -5.7% 實施例2 乙酸纖維素有有 89.5/10.5 0.08 19 0.25 85.8% -5.9% 實施例3 乙酸纖維素有無 80/20 0.08 19 0.25 86.6% -5.1% 實施例4 乙酸纖維素有無 60/40 0.08 19 0.25 87.0% -4.7% 實施例5 乙酸纖維素有有 63.2/36.8 0.08 19 0.25 86.8% -4.9% 實施例6 乙酸纖維素有無 40/60 0.08 19 0.25 88.0% -3.7% 實施例7 乙酸纖維素有無 20/80 0.08 19 0.25 89.9% -1.8% 表1中，「添加量」表示以脫水助劑之絕對乾燥重量計之情形時之量，「相對於SS之添加率%」表示相對於懸浮物質(SS)之以脫水助劑或陽離子性高分子絮凝劑之絕對乾燥重量計之情形時的添加比率。 [Table 1] Dehydration aid Polymer flocculant Sludge moisture content Difference in moisture content (difference from Comparative Example 1) polysaccharides Urea polymer compound Polysaccharide/urea (weight ratio) Addition amount [g] Addition rate % relative to SS Addition rate % relative to SS Comparative Example 1 none none none - - - 0.25 91.7% - Comparative Example 2 Cellulose acetate none none 100/0 0.02 5 0.25 88.7% -3.0% Comparative Example 3 Cellulose acetate none none 100/0 0.04 9 0.25 87.8% -3.9% Comparative Example 4 Cellulose acetate none none 100/0 0.08 19 0.25 86.3% -5.4% Comparative Example 5 none Have none 0/100 0.04 9 0.25 88.9% -2.8% Comparative Example 6 none Have none 0/100 0.08 19 0.25 88.4% -3.3% Example 1 Cellulose acetate Have none 90/10 0.08 19 0.25 86.0% -5.7% Example 2 Cellulose acetate Have Have 89.5/10.5 0.08 19 0.25 85.8% -5.9% Example 3 Cellulose acetate Have none 80/20 0.08 19 0.25 86.6% -5.1% Example 4 Cellulose acetate Have none 60/40 0.08 19 0.25 87.0% -4.7% Example 5 Cellulose acetate Have Have 63.2/36.8 0.08 19 0.25 86.8% -4.9% Example 6 Cellulose acetate Have none 40/60 0.08 19 0.25 88.0% -3.7% Example 7 Cellulose acetate Have none 20/80 0.08 19 0.25 89.9% -1.8% In Table 1, "addition amount" indicates the amount in the case of absolute dry weight of dehydration aid, and "addition rate % relative to SS" indicates the amount of dehydration aid or high cationicity relative to the suspended matter (SS). The addition ratio of the molecular flocculant in the case of absolute dry weight.

如表1所示，可確認，於使用本發明之脫水助劑之情形時，可大幅度減少污泥含水率。 [產業上之可利用性] As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that when the dehydration adjuvant of the present invention was used, the sludge moisture content was significantly reduced. [Industrial Availability]

由於本發明之脫水助劑及污泥之脫水方法可大幅度減少污泥之含水率，故而例如可良好地用於污泥之濃縮等。Since the dewatering aid and the sludge dewatering method of the present invention can greatly reduce the moisture content of the sludge, for example, it can be well used for sludge concentration and the like.

Claims

一種脫水助劑，其特徵在於包含：多醣類及脲。A dehydration aid is characterized by comprising: polysaccharides and urea.

如請求項1之脫水助劑，其中上述多醣類包含選自由纖維素、乙酸纖維素及麻所組成之群中之至少1種。The dehydration aid according to claim 1, wherein the above-mentioned polysaccharides comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate and hemp.

如請求項1之脫水助劑，其中當將上述多醣類與上述脲之合計質量設為100質量份時，上述多醣類為60質量份以上且未達100質量份，上述脲超過0質量份且為40質量份以下。The dehydration aid according to claim 1, wherein when the total mass of the polysaccharides and the urea is 100 parts by mass, the polysaccharides are 60 parts by mass or more and less than 100 parts by mass, and the urea is more than 0 mass parts parts and 40 parts by mass or less.

如請求項1之脫水助劑，其進而包含高分子化合物，且為粒子。The dehydration aid according to claim 1, which further contains a polymer compound and is a particle.

如請求項4之脫水助劑，其中上述高分子化合物包含選自由陰離子性高分子化合物、陽離子性高分子化合物、非離子性高分子化合物及兩性高分子化合物所組成之群中之至少1種。The dehydration aid according to claim 4, wherein the polymer compound comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of anionic polymer compounds, cationic polymer compounds, nonionic polymer compounds and amphoteric polymer compounds.

一種脫水助劑之製造方法，其特徵在於包括：混練步驟，其將多醣類、脲、高分子化合物及水加以混練而獲得混練物；造粒步驟，其藉由擠出造粒或攪拌造粒而對上述混練物進行造粒而獲得粒子；乾燥步驟，其對上述粒子進行乾燥而獲得乾燥物；壓碎步驟，其對上述乾燥物進行壓碎而獲得壓碎物；及分級步驟，其對上述壓碎物進行分級。 A kind of manufacture method of dehydration aid is characterized in that comprising: A kneading step, which kneads polysaccharides, urea, macromolecular compounds and water to obtain a kneaded product; A granulation step, which granulates the above-mentioned kneaded product by extrusion granulation or stirring granulation to obtain particles; a drying step, which dries the above-mentioned particles to obtain a dried product; A crushing step, which crushes the above-mentioned dried product to obtain a crushed product; and A classification step, which classifies the above-mentioned crushed material.

一種脫水助劑之製造方法，其特徵在於包括：混練步驟，其將多醣類、脲及水加以混練而獲得混練物；乾燥步驟，其對上述混練物進行乾燥而獲得乾燥物；壓碎步驟，其對上述乾燥物進行壓碎而獲得壓碎物；及分級步驟，其對上述壓碎物進行分級。 A kind of manufacture method of dehydration aid is characterized in that comprising: Mixing step, which mixes polysaccharides, urea and water to obtain a kneaded product; A drying step, which dries the above kneaded product to obtain a dried product; A crushing step, which crushes the above-mentioned dried product to obtain a crushed product; and A classification step, which classifies the above-mentioned crushed material.

一種污泥之脫水方法，其特徵在於包括：將如請求項1至5中任一項之脫水助劑添加至污泥中之步驟、及將高分子絮凝劑添加至污泥中之步驟。 A method for dewatering sludge, comprising the steps of adding the dewatering aid according to any one of claims 1 to 5 into the sludge, and The step of adding a polymer flocculant to the sludge.