從先前技術已知：一方面藉由紡黏方法以及另一方面藉由熔吹方法分別製造紡黏非織物和非織布。在該紡黏方法(例如GB 2 114 052 A或EP 3 088 585 A1)中，將該等長絲擠出經過噴嘴且藉由位於下方之拉伸單元拉離並拉伸。相比之下，在該熔吹方法(例如US 5,080,569 A、US 4,380,570 A或US 5,695,377 A)中，該擠出之長絲在離開該噴嘴後，立即藉由熱的快速處理空氣所夾帶且拉伸。在二技術中，該等長絲以隨機定向沉積在沉積表面(例如有孔的輸送帶)上，以形成非織布，被帶至後處理步驟且最後纏繞成非織物之卷狀物。
從先前技術也已知：根據該紡黏技術(例如US 8,366,988 A)及根據該熔吹技術(例如US 6,358,461 A和US 6,306,334 A)製造纖維素紡黏非織物。萊賽爾(lyocell)紡絲物質從而根據該已知之紡黏或熔吹方法被擠出且拉伸，然而，在該沉積成非織物之前，該長絲另外與凝結劑接觸以再生該纖維素且製造維度穩定之長絲。濕長絲最後呈隨機定向被沉積成非織布。
該方法之優點尤其在清洗情況下可變得明顯。為供製造熱塑性紡黏非織物，通常不需要清洗，因為包含所謂之「乾燥」紡絲方法，其中可被使用之任何溶劑在該壓延機或乾燥機下游，從該紡黏非織物自動蒸發。在最簡單情況下，在此等方法之該擠出及沉積之後，立即將該紡黏非織物纏繞成卷狀物。然而，在需要清洗之紡絲方法(諸如用於纖維素紡黏非織物者)的情況下，通過量經常受限於該清洗之持續時間，因為該紡黏非織物在該清洗中必須達到確定的滯留時間，以使該溶劑能被洗出。尤其分別在製造紡黏非織物和每單位面積具有極低重量之非織布中，上述方法展現下述缺點：以成本有效率方式提高該通過量且不破壞該紡黏非織物之品質的可能性僅是極有限度的，因為尤其必須利用極長清洗系統以隨著每單位面積更高之重量，達成相同通過量及/或相同品質。
因為在纖維素紡黏技術中該紡絲物質僅具有3至17%之漿料含量，為供達成相當的通過量，需要使紡絲物質的量大於在製造熱塑性紡黏非織物中者。結果，與熱塑性紡黏系統相比，為有相同生產率，必須提供更多紡嘴，或分別地每紡嘴必須獲得更大之紡絲物質通過量。該紡黏非織物然後被清洗、固化、乾燥且纏繞。在WO 2018/071928 A1中，描述清洗纖維素紡黏非織物的方法。其中說明在滯留時間、該清洗之有效性及分別對該清洗之成本和持續時間的影響之間的關係。尤其在對該方法之有利性為重要的高通過量下及在很多應用所需之每單位面積達到10g/m2
之低重量下，獲得高的輸送速度。以此方式，提高在該清洗之有效性和該清洗所需之持續時間方面的需要以及因此提高機械和系統工程的花費以及該系統和該極長建築物的成本。
從US 2005/0056956 A1得知一種製造纖維素紡黏非織物的方法，其中將該長絲沉積在輸送鼓輪上、水力纏絡、壓縮、然後在較低輸送速度下以迴圈形式沉積在凝結浴中。隨後，將該迴圈溶解，且將該紡黏非織物乾燥且纏繞。然而，此一方法在將其用於商業生產工廠時，具有數項缺點。例如，在高生產速度下，該沉積鼓輪及壓縮滾筒之旋轉速度因此變得極高，這使潮濕狀態的纖維素紡黏非織物沾黏該鼓輪表面。這在該紡黏非織物中產生撕裂和瑕疵，或分別地，該紡黏非織物能包裹該沉積鼓輪和該壓縮滾筒周圍，這就經濟和安全理由是極不利的。此外，在該長絲已經沉積後，該紡黏非織物之水力纏絡立即使新擠出之長絲被壓縮且在真空下部分地被吸入該鼓輪中。因此還阻礙該紡黏非織物從該鼓輪脫離，這在該紡黏非織物中產生進一步撕裂和瑕疵。此外，在該水力纏絡期間經導入該紡黏非織物中之結構改變係藉由後續之凝結浴及相關之該紡黏非織物的膨脹而完全或部分地移除。因此明顯地阻礙所製造之紡黏非織物之機械及結構性質的特定調節。此外，配置成迴圈之該紡黏非織物僅能在低輸送速度下，被傳送經過該凝結浴，因為由於在該凝結浴中該紡黏非織物之浮力，主要抗力作用在該紡黏非織物上。所以，通過量不可能在不嚴重損及品質下被提高。It is known from the prior art that spunbond non-woven fabrics and non-woven fabrics are manufactured separately by spunbond method on the one hand and melt blown method on the other hand. In this spunbonding method (for example, GB 2 114 052 A or EP 3 088 585 A1), the filaments are extruded through a nozzle and pulled away and stretched by a stretching unit located below. In contrast, in the melt blowing method (for example, US 5,080,569 A, US 4,380,570 A or US 5,695,377 A), the extruded filament is immediately entrained and drawn by hot rapid processing air after leaving the nozzle. stretch. In the second technique, the filaments are deposited on a deposition surface (such as a perforated conveyor belt) in a random orientation to form a non-woven fabric, which is taken to a post-processing step and finally wound into a non-woven roll. It is also known from the prior art to manufacture cellulose spunbond non-woven fabrics according to the spunbond technology (for example, US 8,366,988 A) and according to the melt blown technology (for example, US 6,358,461 A and US 6,306,334 A). The lyocell spun material is thus extruded and stretched according to the known spunbond or melt blown method, however, before the deposition into a non-woven fabric, the filament is additionally contacted with a coagulant to regenerate the cellulose And to manufacture filaments with stable dimensions. The wet filaments are finally deposited into a non-woven fabric in a random orientation. The advantages of this method can become obvious especially in the case of cleaning. For the manufacture of thermoplastic spunbonded non-woven fabrics, cleaning is usually not required, because it includes the so-called "dry" spinning method, in which any solvent that can be used is automatically evaporated from the spunbonded non-woven fabric downstream of the calender or dryer. In the simplest case, immediately after the extrusion and deposition of these methods, the spunbonded non-woven fabric is wound into a roll. However, in the case of spinning methods that require cleaning (such as those used for cellulose spunbonded non-woven fabrics), throughput is often limited by the duration of the cleaning, because the spunbonded non-woven fabric must reach a certain level in the cleaning. The residence time so that the solvent can be washed out. Especially in the production of spunbonded nonwovens and nonwovens with very low weight per unit area, the above methods exhibit the following disadvantages: the possibility of increasing the throughput in a cost-effective manner without compromising the quality of the spunbonded nonwovens The performance is only extremely limited, because especially the extremely long cleaning system must be used to achieve the same throughput and/or the same quality with higher weight per unit area. Because the spinning material in the cellulose spunbond technology only has a slurry content of 3 to 17%, in order to achieve a comparable throughput, the amount of spinning material needs to be greater than that in the manufacture of thermoplastic spunbond non-woven fabrics. As a result, compared with thermoplastic spunbond systems, in order to have the same productivity, more spinning nozzles must be provided, or a larger throughput of spinning material must be obtained for each spinning nozzle, respectively. The spunbond non-woven fabric is then washed, cured, dried, and wound. In WO 2018/071928 A1, a method for cleaning cellulose spunbond non-woven fabrics is described. It describes the relationship between the residence time, the effectiveness of the cleaning, and the effects on the cost and duration of the cleaning, respectively. Especially under the high throughput where the advantage of this method is important, and under the low weight of 10g/m 2 per unit area required for many applications, high conveying speed can be obtained. In this way, the need for the effectiveness of the cleaning and the duration of the cleaning required and therefore the costs of mechanical and system engineering as well as the cost of the system and the extremely long building are increased. From US 2005/0056956 A1, a method of manufacturing a cellulose spunbond non-woven fabric is known, in which the filament is deposited on a conveying drum, hydroentangled, compressed, and then deposited in a loop at a lower conveying speed In the coagulation bath. Subsequently, the loop was dissolved, and the spunbonded non-woven fabric was dried and wound. However, this method has several disadvantages when it is used in commercial production plants. For example, at a high production speed, the rotation speed of the deposition drum and the compression drum therefore becomes extremely high, which makes the cellulose spunbonded non-woven fabric in a wet state stick to the drum surface. This produces tears and blemishes in the spunbonded non-woven fabric, or separately, the spunbonded non-woven fabric can wrap around the deposition drum and the compression roller, which is extremely disadvantageous for economic and safety reasons. In addition, after the filaments have been deposited, the hydroentanglement of the spunbonded non-woven fabric immediately compresses the newly extruded filaments and is partially sucked into the drum under vacuum. It also prevents the spunbond non-fabric from detaching from the drum, which creates further tears and blemishes in the spun-bonded non-fabric. In addition, the structural changes introduced into the spunbond non-woven fabric during the hydroentangling period are completely or partially removed by the subsequent coagulation bath and related expansion of the spunbond non-woven fabric. Therefore, the specific adjustment of the mechanical and structural properties of the spunbonded non-woven fabric is obviously hindered. In addition, the spunbonded non-woven fabric configured in a loop can only be transported through the coagulation bath at a low conveying speed, because due to the buoyancy of the spunbonded non-woven fabric in the coagulation bath, the main resistance acts on the spunbonded non-woven fabric On the fabric. Therefore, throughput cannot be improved without severely impairing quality.
因此，本發明之目的是改良一種製造起初所述之類型的紡黏非織物的方法，使得該方法之通過量能在不破壞該紡黏非織物之品質下，以成本有效且簡單的方式提高。
該目的被達成係由於該紡黏非織物係利用有孔的第二輸送裝置，在與該第一輸送裝置相對低之輸送速度下，至少部分地進行清洗，其中該紡黏非織物係在該清洗期間以清洗液噴灑且該清洗液係經由該有孔的第二輸送裝置至少部分地排放。
若該紡黏非織物係利用第二輸送裝置，在與該第一輸送裝置相對低之輸送速度下，至少部分地進行清洗，亦即若該紡黏非織物之輸送速度在該清洗之至少部分期間，係比在該清洗之前該紡黏非織物之輸送速度低，則在該清洗中該紡黏非織物的滯留時間能在不提供成本密集之較長清洗下，以簡單方式被提高。以此方式，在沉積該紡黏非織物期間，能在該紡嘴之一致紡絲物質通過量和合適輸送速度下，獲得具有每單位面積預定重量之紡黏非織物，從而改良所得之紡黏非織物的品質，尤其是在清洗後彼之殘餘溶劑含量。可選擇地，當該紡黏非織物正被沉積時，也藉由提高該紡嘴之紡絲物質通過量及合適的調節該輸送速度，能在較高通過量下，獲得具有每單位面積相同重量及一致品質之紡黏非織物。
利用根據本發明之方法，如以上說明之由該紡絲物質通過量和每單位面積所需之重量所得的輸送速度因此能與該清洗之輸送速度完全脫鉤。結果，能明顯地降低該清洗之持續時間、該系統長度或分別地明顯降低設定且操作用於實施該方法之系統的建設以及因此降低該系統的成本。
若該紡黏非織物在該清洗期間進一步以清洗液噴灑且該清洗液係經由該有孔的第二輸送裝置至少部分地排放，則能進一步加強該清洗之可靠性和效率。
即使在高輸送速度下，在該清洗期間輔助輸送該紡黏非織物經過該第二輸送裝置事實上能確保可靠且有效率的清洗，因為與浴清洗相比，既非浮力也非水阻力會作用在該紡黏非織物上。事實上，在清洗浴中此種浮力或水阻力可分別地導致在該紡黏非織物中的纏絡或凝集且因此使該紡黏非織物不可用於範圍在約100 m/min至500 m/min的高輸送速度下。尤其若該紡黏非織物在該清洗時具有比在清洗前低之輸送速度，則確是如此，因為該較低之輸送速度使在該清洗中該紡黏非織物過長，且由於以清洗液噴灑，該過長的紡黏非織物能被可靠地保持在該第二輸送裝置上。
藉由透過該有孔的第二輸送裝置直接排放該清洗液，一方面能避免該紡黏非織物之脹大以及另一方面避免其過度膨脹。完全被浸泡在清洗液中的紡黏非織物事實上能吸收以其靜重計10至15倍之多的液體。然而，因為從未經乾燥的紡黏非織物具有極低強度，該紡黏非織物之此種完全浸泡會導致進一步的結構弱化且因此使撕裂增加，從而阻礙可靠的進一步傳送。因此，由於根據本發明之清洗，在不對所製造之紡黏非織物之品質有任何負面影響下，該方法之通過量能被加強。
在該清洗後，該紡黏非織物較佳可具有以其乾重量計低於5 kg/kg之液體含量。在另一具體例中，該液體含量可低於4 kg/kg，或在另一較佳具體例中，低於3 kg/kg。由於該低的液體含量，能保留該紡黏非織物之內部結構和穩定性，從而即使在高輸送速度下之傳送仍是可能的。
為供本發明之目的，經註明：在本揭示內容之意義內，紡黏非織物據了解是為一種藉由沉積經擠出之長絲所直接形成之非織布，其中該長絲是實質連續的長絲且以隨機定向沉積以形成該紡黏非織物。
在本發明之意義內的輸送裝置可被了解成任何適合以特定輸送速度分別地輸送或傳送該紡黏非織物的裝置。此一輸送裝置可以是例如輸送帶、輸送鼓輪、輸送滾筒或類似者。在本發明之較佳具體例中，將該輸送裝置設計成輸送帶。
尤其若是該第二輸送裝置之輸送速度比該第一輸送裝置相對低在1與1000倍之間，則能獲得上述優點。例如，若為2倍，則在每單位面積之重量仍一致且該清洗之持續時間仍一致下，該通過量能為雙倍，或該清洗的效果能明顯地加強。例如已經顯示：該清洗之滯留時間的加倍係以超過線性(over-linear)方式提高該效率，且例如，導致在紡黏非織物成品中溶劑殘留低4至8倍。在該清洗之前，該輸送速度較佳低在1與100倍之間，或特佳在1與25倍之間。
此外，若該紡黏非織物被沉積成迴圈在該第二輸送裝置上，該方法之再現性能進一步被改良。以此方式，亦即，對在該清洗內之該輸送速度降低的程序反映也是特別容易的。在如此進行時，該等迴圈能具有基本平行之疊置部分在該紡黏非織物上，這使該紡黏非織物能有效率地被清洗且在該清洗後能在無任何破壞下被拉開。具體地，該等迴圈在該清洗後能藉由更快速的輸送裝置被拉開。
較佳能直接在該紡黏非織物已經沉積且形成在該第一輸送裝置上之後將該紡黏非織物沉積在該第二輸送裝置上。在此背景下，「直接在沉積之後」據了解是指在該紡黏非織物之該沉積及該形成於該第一輸送裝置上與該沉積在該第二輸送裝置上之間，在該第一輸送裝置上不打算對該紡黏非織物進行進一步處理步驟。
在如此進行時，較佳在清洗之前，特佳直接在清洗之前，能將該紡黏非織物沉積在該第二輸送裝置上。因此，在清洗之前，或分別地直接在清洗之前，發生該紡黏非織物之輸送速度的降低。在此背景下，「直接在清洗之前」據了解是指在清洗之前不打算對該紡黏非織物進行進一步處理步驟。因此，該紡黏非織物較佳可在該第二輸送裝置上進行完全清洗。
因此，在該第一輸送裝置上該紡黏非織物之該沉積和該形成與在該第二輸送裝置上該清洗之間，較佳不打算對該紡黏非織物進行進一步處理步驟。
此外，在清洗之後，可在第三輸送裝置上，以比該第二輸送裝置之輸送速度相對高之輸送速度，對該紡黏非織物進行進一步處理步驟。為供此目的，能將該紡黏非織物沉積在該第三輸送裝置上，從而如上述，能將該紡黏非織物之過多長度或分別地在其中所形成之任何迴圈解纏，且能在更高輸送速度下，再次進一步處理該紡黏非織物。在如此進行時，該第三輸送裝置較佳具有與該第一輸送裝置基本相同之輸送速度。
若該第三輸送裝置之輸送速度比該第二輸送裝置相對提高在1與1000倍之間，則能提供特別多功能的方法，其令該紡黏非織物在該清洗之後能以較高輸送速度直接進一步加工。因此，在清洗之後，該紡黏非織物較佳能被加速回到與該清洗之前相同之輸送速度且可進行進一步處理步驟。該第三輸送裝置之輸送速度比該第二輸送裝置較佳相對提高在1與100倍之間，特佳在1與25倍之間。
尤其若該紡黏非織物在該清洗之後進行水力纏絡及/或乾燥，則因此能獲得上述優點。事實上，該水力纏絡在此情況下較佳能在該紡黏非織物之原初輸送速度下進行，因為該速度與該清洗相比，不與延長之滯留時間相關。
此外，在該清洗之後提供水力纏絡令該紡黏非織物之結構和內部性質得以特別可靠地控制。例如，在水力纏絡過程中，在該紡黏非織物成品中殘留之圖案或分別地鑽孔能永久地被壓印。
在該水力纏絡之後，也可對該紡黏非織物進行乾燥，以獲得紡黏非織物成品。然後，已經處理完成之紡黏非織物能在捲取裝置中隨意地被纏繞成卷狀物。
若該清洗是多階段逆流清洗，則能進一步改良該清洗之效率。亦即，在該逆流清洗中，用於清洗之清洗液(尤其是水)在數個清洗階段中循環，其中新鮮清洗液係在該清洗結束時被供應且經由該有孔之第二輸送裝置被排放且以相同於上游清洗階段之方式順序地前進，且其中廢清洗液在該清洗開始時被排放。
若該紡絲物質進一步被擠出經過至少第一紡嘴及第二紡嘴以成為長絲，則該方法之通過量能被進一步提高，其中將該第一紡嘴之長絲沉積在該第一輸送裝置上以形成第一紡黏非織物且將該第二紡嘴之長絲沉積在該第一輸送裝置上以形成第二紡黏非織物，其中將該第二紡嘴之長絲沉積在該第一輸送裝置上以形成覆蓋該第一紡黏非織物之該第二紡黏非織物，以獲得多層紡黏非織物。
事實上，若將該第二紡嘴之長絲沉積在該第一輸送裝置上以形成覆蓋該第一紡黏非織物之該第二紡黏非織物以致獲得多層紡黏非織物，則該方法之通過量能以簡單方式被提高，因為提供至少二個紡嘴以供同時形成至少二個紡黏非織物，但所形成之該多層紡黏非織物能利用現存之裝置而非利用單一紡黏非織物進一步加工。該第二紡嘴較佳位於在該第一輸送裝置之輸送方向上的該第一紡嘴下游。
所形成之多層紡黏非織物係由該第一及該第二紡黏非織物所構成，而該第二紡黏非織物被配置在該第一紡黏非織物上方。該第一和該第二紡黏非織物在此情況下能被交連，以此方式(例如藉由黏合)，該多層紡黏非織物形成一個可進行進一步方法步驟之單元，但能被解開成該第一和該第二紡黏非織物而實質不對彼等造成任何結構破壞。
若在後續步驟中，將該多層紡黏非織物解開成至少該第一和該第二紡黏非織物，則能在該方法過程中再次獲得至少二個獨立的紡黏非織物。因此產生一種具有提高通過量之製造紡黏非織物的成本有效率方法。
同樣地，也能將該紡絲物質擠出經過第三和進一步之紡嘴而成為長絲且該等長絲在每一情況下能在該擠出方向上被拉伸，其中將該第三紡嘴之長絲沉積在該第一輸送裝置上以形成覆蓋該第二紡黏非織物之第三紡黏非織物，以致獲得該多層紡黏非織物，或分別地將該進一步紡嘴之長絲沉積在該第一輸送裝置上以形成覆蓋該個別之前一個紡黏非織物的另外的紡黏非織物，以致獲得該多層紡黏非織物。
此一多層紡黏非織物可包含多個紡黏非織物，其可在後續方法步驟中彼此分開。
尤其若在將該多層紡黏非織物分成至少該第一和該第二紡黏非織物之前，對其進行至少一個處理步驟，則該方法之上述優點能變得明顯。以此方式，該第一和該第二紡黏非織物之接合處理事實上可以呈該多層紡黏非織物形式進行，且因此該方法之通過量與該紡黏非織物之該不同處理相比，能被明顯地提高。
尤其若該多層紡黏非織物之該至少一個處理步驟是在具有比該第一輸送裝置之輸送速度相對低之輸送速度的該第二輸送裝置上之根據本發明的清洗，則這能變得明顯。利用根據本發明之方法，在該多層紡黏非織物中之該第一和該第二紡黏非織物的接合清洗下，該清洗之持續時間事實上能明顯地再降低且該通過量能分別地被提高。
若該紡黏非織物是多層紡黏非織物，則根據本發明之方法的特徵能在於高的可撓性，其中提供至少二個連續配置的紡嘴，以致從該等個別紡嘴所擠出之長絲各自形成一層紡黏非織物，其彼此重疊沉積，以此方式製造該多層紡黏非織物。該多層紡黏非織物然後仍能以低輸送速度，使用根據本發明之方法可靠地被清洗。
若該長絲係在彼等已經從該紡嘴擠出之後，利用拉伸氣流拉伸，則能進一步提高該方法之可靠性。這令該長絲之擠出和拉伸條件得以具體地控制且因此，該紡黏非織物之內部性質得以改造。在如此進行時，將該拉伸氣流從個別紡嘴導至該經擠出之長絲上。
尤其，該拉伸氣流能有0.05巴至5巴，較佳地0.1巴至3巴，特佳地0.2巴至1巴之壓力範圍。尤其，該拉伸氣流還能有20℃至200℃，60℃至160℃，特佳為80℃至140℃之溫度範圍。
根據本發明之方法尤其鑒於纖維素紡黏非織物之製造是傑出的，而該紡絲物質是萊賽爾紡絲物質，亦即纖維素在用於纖維素之直接溶劑中所成的溶液。
此一用於纖維素之直接溶劑是其中所存在之該纖維素係為已經呈非衍生型溶解之狀態的溶劑。較佳地，這可以是氧化三級胺諸如NMMO(N-甲基啉-N-氧化物)和水之混合物。或者，然而，例如離子性液體或含水之混合物也適合作為直接溶劑。
在此情況下，在該紡絲物質中之纖維素含量範圍可為3重量%至17重量%，在較佳具體例變化型中為5重量%至15重量%，且在特佳具體例變化型中為6重量%至14重量%。
在纖維素紡黏非織物之製造中，與製造工廠之利益、該工廠的操作性和產物品質相關的很多改良和優點係由於根據本發明之方法所造成。因為上下平行並列之數個迴圈能同時被清洗，在該清洗期間，能將該紡黏非織物之輸送速度明顯地降低。由於該較低之輸送速度，使該製造工廠之成本和複雜性皆降低。
令人訝異地，已經顯示：在降低之輸送速度下沉積成上下平行放置之迴圈的該紡黏非織物能在比利用較高且不被降低之輸送速度的紡黏非織物更大之效率下被清洗。即使在多階段逆流清洗之後，能在不受破壞下，將該迴圈溶解，且能將該紡黏非織物加速回到起初輸送速度。
即使在每單位面積至高10g/m2
之低重量下，已經顯示：該紡黏非織物足夠穩定以被沉積成迴圈，在低速度下被清洗，然後再次被加速以在之後被隨意地固化，乾燥且在進一步的步驟中在該原初輸送速度下捲繞。
每紡嘴之纖維素通過量的範圍較佳可在每公尺紡嘴長度5 kg/h與每公尺紡嘴長度500 kg/h之間。
尤其若每單位面積之該紡黏非織物的重量是在5 g/m2
(gsm)與500 g/m2
之間，較佳是10 g/m2
至250 g/m2
，特佳是15 g/m2
至100 g/m2
，則根據本發明之優點能變為明顯。
當該紡黏非織物正被沉積時其輸送速度或該第一輸送裝置之輸送速度的範圍較佳分別可在1 m/min與2000 m/min之間，較佳為10 m/min至1000 m/min，特佳為15 m/min至500 m/min。
此外，若將已從該紡嘴擠出且拉伸之該長絲部分地凝結，則能可靠地控制該紡黏非織物之內部結構。
為此目的，能將包含用於該長絲之至少部分凝結的凝結液的凝結氣流分配給該紡嘴，從而能具體地控制該紡黏非織物的內部結構。在此情況下，凝結氣流較佳能為一種含有水之流體及/或含凝結劑(例如氣體、霧、蒸氣等)之流體。
若該凝結液是水和用於纖維素之直接溶劑的混合物，則藉此使該經擠出之長絲能特別可靠的凝結。尤其，該凝結液可以是去礦質水和0重量%至40重量%之NMMO(較佳地10重量%至30重量%之NMMO，特佳地15重量%至25重量%之NMMO)的混合物。
凝結液之量的範圍在此情況下較佳可為每公尺之凝結噴嘴50 l/h至10,000 l/h，進一步較佳地100 l/h至5,000 l/h，特佳地500 l/h至2,500 l/h。
較佳可以使用從先前技術(US 3,825,380 A、US 4,380,570A、WO 2019/068764 A1)得知之單列狹縫噴嘴，多列針狀噴嘴或較佳之具有0.1 m至6 m長度之柱狀噴嘴，分別與根據本發明之紡嘴或根據本發明之裝置。Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to improve a method of manufacturing a spunbonded non-woven fabric of the type mentioned at the beginning, so that the throughput of the method can be improved in a cost-effective and simple manner without destroying the quality of the spunbonded non-woven fabric. . This objective is achieved because the spunbonded non-woven fabric is at least partially cleaned using a perforated second conveying device at a relatively lower conveying speed than the first conveying device, wherein the spunbonded non-woven fabric is attached to the During the cleaning, the cleaning liquid is sprayed and the cleaning liquid is at least partially discharged through the perforated second conveying device. If the spunbonded non-woven fabric uses the second conveying device, at least part of the cleaning is carried out at a relatively low conveying speed of the first conveying device, that is, if the conveying speed of the spunbonded non-woven fabric is at least part of the cleaning During this period, the conveying speed of the spunbonded non-woven fabric is lower than before the cleaning, and the residence time of the spunbonded non-woven fabric in the cleaning can be increased in a simple manner without providing cost-intensive longer cleaning. In this way, during the deposition of the spunbonded non-woven fabric, the spunbonded non-woven fabric with a predetermined weight per unit area can be obtained under the consistent spinning material throughput of the spinning nozzle and a suitable conveying speed, thereby improving the resulting spunbonded non-woven fabric The quality of non-woven fabrics, especially the residual solvent content after cleaning. Optionally, when the spunbonded non-woven fabric is being deposited, by increasing the spinning material throughput of the spinning nozzle and appropriately adjusting the conveying speed, it is possible to obtain the same per unit area at a higher throughput. Spunbond non-woven fabric of weight and consistent quality. With the method according to the present invention, the conveying speed obtained from the throughput of the spinning material and the required weight per unit area as explained above can therefore be completely decoupled from the conveying speed of the cleaning. As a result, it is possible to significantly reduce the duration of the cleaning, the length of the system or, respectively, the construction of a system that is set up and operated to implement the method and thus the cost of the system can be significantly reduced. If the spunbonded non-woven fabric is further sprayed with a cleaning liquid during the cleaning and the cleaning liquid is at least partially discharged through the perforated second conveying device, the reliability and efficiency of the cleaning can be further enhanced. Even at high conveying speeds, assisting in conveying the spunbonded non-woven fabric through the second conveying device during the washing can in fact ensure reliable and efficient washing, because compared to bath washing, neither buoyancy nor water resistance will Act on the spunbond non-woven fabric. In fact, such buoyancy or water resistance in the cleaning bath can respectively cause entanglement or agglomeration in the spunbond non-woven fabric and thus make the spunbond non-woven fabric unusable in the range of about 100 m/min to 500 m /min at a high conveying speed. Especially if the spunbonded non-woven fabric has a lower conveying speed during the washing than before washing, this is true, because the lower conveying speed makes the spunbonded non-woven fabric too long during the washing, and because of the washing With liquid spraying, the excessively long spunbonded non-woven fabric can be reliably held on the second conveying device. By directly discharging the cleaning liquid through the second perforated conveying device, on the one hand, the swelling of the spunbonded non-woven fabric can be avoided, and on the other hand, the excessive expansion of the spunbonded non-woven fabric can be avoided. Spunbond non-woven fabrics that are completely immersed in the cleaning solution can actually absorb 10 to 15 times as much liquid as their dead weight. However, because the undried spunbond non-woven fabric has extremely low strength, such complete soaking of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric can lead to further structural weakness and therefore increased tearing, thereby preventing reliable further transport. Therefore, due to the cleaning according to the present invention, the throughput of the method can be enhanced without any negative impact on the quality of the spunbonded non-woven fabric produced. After the cleaning, the spunbonded non-woven fabric may preferably have a liquid content of less than 5 kg/kg based on its dry weight. In another embodiment, the liquid content may be less than 4 kg/kg, or in another preferred embodiment, less than 3 kg/kg. Due to the low liquid content, the internal structure and stability of the spunbonded non-woven fabric can be retained, so that the transfer is still possible even at a high transfer speed. For the purpose of the present invention, it is noted that within the meaning of the present disclosure, spunbonded non-woven fabric is understood to be a non-woven fabric formed directly by depositing extruded filaments, wherein the filaments are essentially Continuous filaments are deposited in random orientation to form the spunbond non-woven fabric. The conveying device within the meaning of the present invention can be understood as any device suitable for conveying or conveying the spunbonded non-woven fabric separately at a specific conveying speed. This conveying device can be, for example, a conveying belt, a conveying drum, a conveying roller, or the like. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying device is designed as a conveying belt. Especially if the conveying speed of the second conveying device is between 1 and 1000 times lower than that of the first conveying device, the above advantages can be obtained. For example, if it is twice, the throughput can be doubled, or the cleaning effect can be significantly enhanced under the condition that the weight per unit area is still the same and the duration of the cleaning is still the same. For example, it has been shown that doubling the residence time of the cleaning improves the efficiency in an over-linear manner and, for example, results in a 4 to 8 times lower solvent residue in the finished spunbonded non-woven fabric. Before the cleaning, the conveying speed is preferably as low as between 1 and 100 times, or particularly preferably between 1 and 25 times. In addition, if the spunbonded non-woven fabric is deposited in a loop on the second conveying device, the reproducibility of the method is further improved. In this way, that is, it is particularly easy to reflect the program of the reduction of the conveying speed in the cleaning. In doing so, the loops can have substantially parallel overlapping parts on the spunbonded non-woven fabric, which enables the spunbonded non-woven fabric to be cleaned efficiently and can be cleaned without any damage after the cleaning. Pull away. Specifically, the loops can be pulled apart by a faster conveying device after the cleaning. Preferably, the spunbonded non-woven fabric can be deposited on the second conveying device directly after the spunbonded non-woven fabric has been deposited and formed on the first conveying device. In this context, "directly after deposition" is understood to mean between the deposition of the spunbonded non-woven fabric and the formation on the first conveying device and the deposition on the second conveying device. No further processing steps are intended for the spunbonded non-woven fabric on a conveying device. In doing so, it is preferable to deposit the spunbonded non-woven fabric on the second conveying device directly before washing, preferably directly before washing. Therefore, before washing, or directly before washing, respectively, a reduction in the conveying speed of the spunbonded non-woven fabric occurs. In this context, "directly before washing" is understood to mean that no further processing steps are planned for the spunbonded non-woven fabric before washing. Therefore, the spunbonded non-woven fabric can preferably be completely cleaned on the second conveying device. Therefore, between the deposition and formation of the spunbond non-woven fabric on the first conveying device and the cleaning on the second conveying device, it is preferable that no further processing steps are intended for the spunbonded non-woven fabric. In addition, after cleaning, the spunbonded non-woven fabric can be further processed on the third conveying device at a conveying speed that is relatively higher than the conveying speed of the second conveying device. For this purpose, the spunbond non-woven fabric can be deposited on the third conveying device, so that, as described above, the excessive length of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric or any loops formed therein can be unwound, and The spunbond non-woven fabric can be further processed again at a higher conveying speed. In doing so, the third conveying device preferably has substantially the same conveying speed as the first conveying device. If the conveying speed of the third conveying device is between 1 and 1000 times higher than that of the second conveying device, a particularly versatile method can be provided, which enables the spunbonded non-woven fabric to be conveyed at a higher rate after the cleaning Speed directly for further processing. Therefore, after washing, the spunbonded non-woven fabric can preferably be accelerated back to the same conveying speed as before the washing and can be subjected to further processing steps. The conveying speed of the third conveying device is preferably between 1 and 100 times higher than that of the second conveying device, and particularly preferably between 1 and 25 times. In particular, if the spunbonded non-woven fabric is hydroentangled and/or dried after the washing, the above advantages can therefore be obtained. In fact, in this case, the hydroentangling can preferably be carried out at the original conveying speed of the spunbonded non-woven fabric, because the speed is not related to the extended residence time compared with the cleaning. In addition, the provision of hydroentanglement after the cleaning allows the structure and internal properties of the spunbonded non-woven fabric to be particularly reliably controlled. For example, in the process of hydroentanglement, the remaining patterns or separately drilled holes in the finished spunbonded non-woven fabric can be permanently imprinted. After the hydroentanglement, the spunbonded non-woven fabric can also be dried to obtain a finished spunbonded non-woven fabric. Then, the processed spunbond non-woven fabric can be wound into a roll at will in the winding device. If the cleaning is a multi-stage countercurrent cleaning, the efficiency of the cleaning can be further improved. That is, in the countercurrent cleaning, the cleaning liquid (especially water) used for cleaning circulates in several cleaning stages, wherein fresh cleaning liquid is supplied at the end of the cleaning and passes through the second perforated conveying device Are discharged and proceed sequentially in the same manner as the upstream cleaning stage, and wherein the waste cleaning liquid is discharged at the beginning of the cleaning. If the spinning material is further extruded through at least the first spinning nozzle and the second spinning nozzle to become filaments, the throughput of the method can be further improved, wherein the filaments of the first spinning nozzle are deposited on the first spinning nozzle. On a conveying device to form a first spunbonded non-woven fabric and deposit the filaments of the second spinning nozzle on the first conveying device to form a second spunbonded non-woven fabric, wherein the filaments of the second spinning nozzle are deposited The second spunbond non-woven fabric covering the first spun-bonded non-woven fabric is formed on the first conveying device to obtain a multi-layer spun-bonded non-woven fabric. In fact, if the filaments of the second spinning nozzle are deposited on the first conveying device to form the second spunbond non-woven fabric covering the first spun-bonded non-woven fabric so as to obtain a multi-layer spun-bonded non-woven fabric, the method The throughput can be increased in a simple way, because at least two spinning nozzles are provided for forming at least two spunbond non-woven fabrics at the same time, but the formed multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric can use existing devices instead of using a single spunbond Non-woven fabrics are further processed. The second spinning nozzle is preferably located downstream of the first spinning nozzle in the conveying direction of the first conveying device. The formed multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric is composed of the first and the second spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and the second spun-bonded non-woven fabric is arranged above the first spun-bonded non-woven fabric. The first and the second spunbond non-woven fabric can be cross-linked in this case. In this way (for example, by bonding), the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric forms a unit that can be subjected to further process steps, but can be unwound into the The first and second spunbonded non-woven fabrics do not substantially cause any structural damage to them. If in a subsequent step, the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric is unwound into at least the first and the second spun-bonded non-woven fabric, at least two independent spun-bonded non-woven fabrics can be obtained again in the process of the method. Therefore, a cost-effective method of manufacturing spunbonded non-woven fabrics with increased throughput is produced. Similarly, the spinning material can also be extruded through the third and further spinning nozzles to become filaments and the filaments can be stretched in the extrusion direction in each case, wherein the third The filaments of the spinning nozzle are deposited on the first conveying device to form a third spunbond non-woven fabric covering the second spunbond non-woven fabric, so as to obtain the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric, or the length of the further spinning nozzle respectively The filaments are deposited on the first conveying device to form an additional spunbond non-woven fabric covering the individual previous spun-bonded non-woven fabric, so that the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric is obtained. Such a multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric may include a plurality of spun-bonded non-woven fabrics, which can be separated from each other in subsequent method steps. In particular, if the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric is divided into at least the first and the second spunbond non-woven fabric, at least one processing step is performed on it, the above-mentioned advantages of the method can become apparent. In this way, the joining treatment of the first and the second spunbond non-woven fabric can actually be performed in the form of the multi-layer spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and therefore the throughput of the method is compared with the different treatment of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric , Can be significantly improved. Especially if the at least one processing step of the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric is the cleaning according to the present invention on the second conveying device having a conveying speed that is relatively lower than that of the first conveying device, then this can become obvious. Using the method according to the present invention, in the joint cleaning of the first and second spunbond non-woven fabrics in the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric, the cleaning duration can in fact be significantly reduced and the throughput can be separately The ground is raised. If the spunbonded non-woven fabric is a multi-layer spunbonded non-woven fabric, the method according to the present invention can be characterized by high flexibility, wherein at least two consecutively arranged spinning nozzles are provided so as to be extruded from the individual spinning nozzles Each of the filaments forms a layer of spunbond non-woven fabric, which is deposited on top of each other, so that the multi-layer spun-bonded non-woven fabric is manufactured in this way. The multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric can then still be cleaned reliably at a low conveying speed using the method according to the invention. If the filaments are stretched by the stretching air flow after they have been extruded from the spinning nozzle, the reliability of the method can be further improved. This allows the extrusion and drawing conditions of the filament to be specifically controlled and, therefore, the internal properties of the spunbonded non-woven fabric can be modified. In doing so, the drawing airflow is directed from the individual spinning nozzles to the extruded filaments. In particular, the stretching airflow can have a pressure range of 0.05 bar to 5 bar, preferably 0.1 bar to 3 bar, particularly preferably 0.2 bar to 1 bar. In particular, the stretching airflow can also have a temperature range of 20°C to 200°C, 60°C to 160°C, and particularly preferably 80°C to 140°C. The method according to the present invention is particularly outstanding in view of the production of cellulose spunbonded non-woven fabrics, and the spinning material is a lyocell spinning material, that is, a solution of cellulose in a direct solvent for cellulose. This direct solvent for cellulose is a solvent in which the cellulose is in a non-derivatized dissolved state. Preferably, this can be a tertiary amine oxide such as NMMO (N-methyl 
圖1顯示根據用於製造纖維素紡黏非織物1之第一具體例變化型的方法100及藉以進行該方法100之對應裝置200的概略說明。在第一方法步驟中，紡絲物質2係從纖維素原料製造且供應至該裝置200之紡嘴3。在該等圖中未進一步詳細顯示之用於製造該紡絲物質2的纖維素原料能為由木質或其他植物系起始材料所製之一般漿料。然而，也可想到：該纖維素原料係由來自紡黏非織物之製造的製造廢料或回收的紡織品所構成。在此情況下，該紡絲物質2是纖維素在NMMO和水中之溶液，而在該紡絲物質2中之該纖維素含量範圍在3重量%與17重量%之間。
然後該紡絲物質2係在該紡嘴3中被擠出經過多個噴嘴孔4以形成該長絲5。藉由將拉伸空氣6供應至在該紡嘴3中之拉伸單元，該長絲5隨著其離開該紡嘴3，係利用拉伸氣流拉伸。在如此進行時，該拉伸空氣6能從該紡嘴3中該等噴嘴孔4之間的開口出現且能作為拉伸氣流被直接導引至該經擠出的長絲5上，此未在該等圖中進一步詳細顯示。在拉伸過程之後或已經在拉伸過程中，該經擠出之長絲5以藉由凝結裝置8所產生之凝結氣流7填充。該凝結氣流7經常包含例如呈蒸氣、霧等之形式的凝結液。由於該長絲5與該凝結氣流7和其中所含之凝結液的接觸，該長絲5至少部分地凝結，這尤其降低在該個別經擠出之長絲5之間的黏合性。已經拉伸且至少部分沉澱之該長絲5然後在隨機定向上沉積在作為該第一輸送裝置9之第一輸送帶9上，以形成該紡黏非織物1。利用該輸送帶9，該紡黏非織物1然後通至進一步處理步驟10、11、12。在如此進行時，該紡黏非織物1後續進行至少一次清洗10。
為提高該紡黏非織物1在該清洗10之滯留時間，該紡黏非織物1在該清洗10之前直接沉積在作為第二輸送裝置13之第二輸送帶13上，該第二輸送裝置13比該第一輸送裝置9具有相對低之輸送速度。在該清洗10內，該紡黏非織物1之輸送速度因此比在該清洗10之前(亦即該長絲5正被沉積在該第一輸送帶9時)之該紡黏非織物1的輸送速度低。在如此進行時，該輸送速度較佳低1與1000倍之間。在另一具體例變化型中，該倍數是在1與100之間，且在又一具體例變化型中，是在1與25之間。為要包容在該第一輸送帶9與該第二輸送帶13之間該紡黏非織物1之輸送速度的差異，該紡黏非織物1呈迴圈14沉積在該第二輸送帶13上。然後，對呈迴圈14被放置之紡黏非織物1進行該清洗10，其中將來自該紡絲物質2之溶劑殘餘物從該紡黏非織物1清除。
在該清洗10之後，使該紡黏非織物1沉積在第三輸送帶15上，該第三輸送帶15比該第二輸送帶13具有相對高之輸送速度。在如此進行時，該第三輸送帶15較佳具有與該第一輸送帶9相同之輸送速度，結果該迴圈14再次完全地被拉出。在未進一步詳細顯示之進一步具體例變化型中，該第三輸送帶15也能具有另一輸送速度，其不同於該第一輸送帶9且其比該第二輸送帶13相對高1與1000倍之間，較佳地1與100倍之間，特佳地1與25倍之間。在該第三輸送帶15上，對該紡黏非織物1進行水力纏絡11，此能進一步調節該紡黏非織物1之內部結構。此外，在水力纏絡11之過程中，能將另外的穿孔圖案、壓花圖案或類似者導入該紡黏非織物1中，但這未在該等圖中進一步詳細顯示。
最後，對該紡黏非織物1進行乾燥12，以獲得紡黏非織物1的成品，其中該方法100藉由隨意的纏繞16及/或包裝方法而結束。
在僅於該等圖中指明之另一具體例變化型中，該裝置100或該方法200分別可具有至少第一紡嘴3和第二紡嘴30，而將該紡絲物質2同時擠出經過該第一紡嘴3和該第二紡嘴30以形成該長絲5、50。在如此進行時，該長絲5、50各自在該擠出方向上被拉伸且至少部分凝結，其中使該第一紡嘴3之長絲5沉積在該輸送帶9上以形成第一紡黏非織物1且使該第二紡嘴30之長絲50沉積在該輸送帶9上以形成第二紡黏非織物。使該第二紡嘴30之長絲50沉積在該輸送帶9上以形成覆蓋該第一紡黏非織物1的該第二紡黏非織物以獲得在該等圖中未進一步詳細顯示之多層紡黏非織物。
較佳地，對呈該多層紡黏非織物形式之該第一紡黏非織物1和該第二紡黏非織物結合地進行該清洗10，其中該多層紡黏非織物呈迴圈14，在比該第一輸送帶9之輸送速度相對低之輸送速度下，沉積在該第二輸送帶13上。較佳地，該多層紡黏非織物然後能在該清洗10之後的步驟中，解開成至少該第一紡黏非織物1和該第二紡黏非織物，而在解開之後，對該第一紡黏非織物1和該第二紡黏非織物分開地進行另外步驟諸如水力纏絡11及/或乾燥12。
可選擇地，也可對該第一紡黏非織物1和該第二紡黏非織物結合地進行水力纏絡11，藉此，彼等永久地交連以形成該多層紡黏非織物。
同樣地，該第一紡黏非織物1和該第二紡黏非織物可各自具有不同內部性質，例如每單位面積不同的重量，且因此形成在橫截面上具有可變性質之多層紡黏非織物。
在未於該等圖中說明之進一步具體例變化型中，該第一輸送裝置9是輸送鼓輪且該第二輸送裝置13是輸送帶。
在另一具體例中，該第一輸送裝置9和該第二輸送裝置13皆是輸送鼓輪。FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a method 100 according to a first embodiment variant for manufacturing a cellulose spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 and a corresponding device 200 by which the method 100 is carried out. In the first method step, the spinning substance 2 is manufactured from cellulose raw material and supplied to the spinning nozzle 3 of the device 200. The cellulosic raw material used to manufacture the spinning material 2 that is not shown in further detail in these figures can be a general slurry made from wood or other plant-based starting materials. However, it is also conceivable that the cellulose raw material is composed of manufacturing waste from the manufacture of spunbonded non-woven fabrics or recycled textiles. In this case, the spinning substance 2 is a solution of cellulose in NMMO and water, and the cellulose content in the spinning substance 2 ranges between 3% by weight and 17% by weight.
The spinning material 2 is then extruded in the spinning nozzle 3 through a plurality of nozzle holes 4 to form the filament 5. By supplying the drawing air 6 to the drawing unit in the spinning nozzle 3, the filament 5 is drawn by the drawing air flow as it leaves the spinning nozzle 3. In doing so, the stretching air 6 can emerge from the openings between the nozzle holes 4 in the spinning nozzle 3 and can be directly guided to the extruded filament 5 as a stretching airflow. This is shown in further detail in these figures. After the stretching process or already in the stretching process, the extruded filament 5 is filled with the condensed air flow 7 generated by the coagulation device 8. The condensed gas flow 7 often contains condensate in the form of, for example, steam, mist, or the like. Due to the contact of the filament 5 with the condensed air flow 7 and the condensate contained therein, the filament 5 is at least partially coagulated, which in particular reduces the adhesion between the individual extruded filaments 5. The filament 5 that has been stretched and at least partially settled is then deposited in a random orientation on the first conveyor belt 9 as the first conveyor device 9 to form the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1. Using the conveyor belt 9, the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 then passes to further processing steps 10, 11, and 12. In doing so, the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 is subsequently cleaned 10 at least once.
In order to increase the residence time of the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 in the washing 10, the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 is directly deposited on the second conveyor belt 13 as the second conveying device 13 before the washing 10, and the second conveying device 13 It has a relatively lower conveying speed than the first conveying device 9. In the cleaning 10, the conveying speed of the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 is therefore higher than that of the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 before the cleaning 10 (that is, when the filament 5 is being deposited on the first conveyor belt 9) The speed is low. When doing so, the conveying speed is preferably between 1 and 1000 times lower. In another specific example variation, the multiple is between 1 and 100, and in another specific example variation, it is between 1 and 25. In order to accommodate the difference in the conveying speed of the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 between the first conveyor belt 9 and the second conveyor belt 13, the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 is deposited on the second conveyor belt 13 in a loop 14 . Then, the cleaning 10 is performed on the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 placed in the loop 14, wherein the solvent residue from the spinning substance 2 is removed from the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1.
After the cleaning 10, the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 is deposited on a third conveyor belt 15, which has a relatively higher conveying speed than the second conveyor belt 13. In doing so, the third conveyor belt 15 preferably has the same conveying speed as the first conveyor belt 9, as a result, the loop 14 is completely pulled out again. In a further embodiment variant that is not shown in further detail, the third conveyor belt 15 can also have another conveying speed, which is different from the first conveyor belt 9 and which is relatively higher than the second conveyor belt 13 by 1 and 1000. Between 1 and 100 times, particularly preferably between 1 and 25 times. On the third conveyor belt 15, the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 is hydro-entangled 11, which can further adjust the internal structure of the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1. In addition, during the process of hydroentanglement 11, other perforation patterns, embossing patterns, or the like can be introduced into the spunbonded non-woven fabric 1, but this is not shown in further detail in these figures.
Finally, the spunbond non-woven fabric 1 is dried 12 to obtain a finished product of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric 1, wherein the method 100 is ended by random winding 16 and/or packaging methods.
In another specific example variation that is only specified in the figures, the device 100 or the method 200 may respectively have at least a first spinning nozzle 3 and a second spinning nozzle 30, and the spinning material 2 is simultaneously extruded The filaments 5, 50 are formed through the first spinning nozzle 3 and the second spinning nozzle 30. In doing so, the filaments 5, 50 are each stretched in the extrusion direction and at least partially coagulated, wherein the filaments 5 of the first spinning nozzle 3 are deposited on the conveyor belt 9 to form a first spinning The non-woven fabric 1 is bonded and the filaments 50 of the second spinning nozzle 30 are deposited on the conveyor belt 9 to form a second spun-bonded non-woven fabric. The filaments 50 of the second spinning nozzle 30 are deposited on the conveyor belt 9 to form the second spunbond non-woven fabric covering the first spun-bonded non-woven fabric 1 to obtain a multilayer that is not shown in further detail in the figures Spunbond non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the cleaning 10 is performed in combination with the first spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 and the second spunbonded non-woven fabric in the form of the multi-layer spunbonded non-woven fabric, wherein the multi-layer spunbond non-woven fabric is in the form of a loop 14, in At a conveying speed that is relatively lower than that of the first conveying belt 9, the deposit is deposited on the second conveying belt 13. Preferably, the multi-layer spunbonded non-woven fabric can then be unwound into at least the first spunbond non-woven fabric 1 and the second spun-bonded non-woven fabric in a step after the cleaning 10, and after unwound, the first spunbonded non-woven fabric The spunbond nonwoven fabric 1 and the second spunbonded nonwoven fabric are separately subjected to additional steps such as hydroentanglement 11 and/or drying 12.
Alternatively, the first spunbond non-woven fabric 1 and the second spun-bonded non-woven fabric can be combined to perform hydroentanglement 11, whereby they are permanently cross-linked to form the multi-layer spunbonded non-woven fabric.
Similarly, the first spunbonded non-woven fabric 1 and the second spunbonded non-woven fabric can each have different internal properties, such as different weights per unit area, and thus form a multi-layer spunbonded non-woven fabric with variable properties in the cross section. Fabric.
In a further specific example variation not described in the figures, the first conveying device 9 is a conveying drum and the second conveying device 13 is a conveying belt.
In another specific example, both the first conveying device 9 and the second conveying device 13 are conveying drums.
