TW202104768A

TW202104768A - Suspension device

Info

Publication number: TW202104768A
Application number: TW109117610A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 秋本政信
Original assignee: 日商Ｋｙｂ摩托車減震器股份有限公司
Priority date: 2019-07-03
Filing date: 2020-05-27
Publication date: 2021-02-01
Also published as: WO2021002102A1; JP2021011875A

Abstract

This suspension device has a damper (1) having an outer tube (10) and a rod (11), a suspension spring (2) provided to the outer periphery of the damper (1), an annular spring receiver (4) that is provided to the outer periphery of the rod (11) so as to be able to move in an axial direction and that supports one end of the suspension spring (2), a restricting member (5) that is provided to the outer periphery of the rod (11) and that restricts the movement of the spring receiver (4) toward the side opposite the suspension spring, and an adjustment portion (A) that is provided to the spring receiver (4) and the restricting member (5) and that adjusts the axial position of the spring receiver (4) relative to the rod (11). The spring receiver (4) and the restricting member (5) are both formed from a synthetic resin, and either the spring receiver (4) or the restricting member (5) has an inner cover (41) that is disposed between the rod (11) and the suspension spring (2) and that covers the outer periphery of the rod (11) protruding out of the outer tube (10).

Description

懸吊裝置Suspension device

本發明是有關於懸吊裝置的改良。The present invention relates to the improvement of the suspension device.

以往，懸吊裝置是在車輛中利用於用來懸吊車輪。在如此般的懸吊裝置中，已存在具備具有外管、以及進出於此外管的桿，在伸縮時發揮阻尼力的阻尼器等的伸縮構件，並且具備配置於伸縮構件的外周，將伸縮構件朝伸長方向彈壓來彈性支撐車體的懸吊彈簧，可以藉凸輪機構等的調整部來調節懸吊彈簧的初始負載的裝置。In the past, suspension devices were used to suspend wheels in vehicles. In such a suspension device, there are already telescopic members that have an outer tube, a rod that goes in and out of the outer tube, and a damper that exerts a damping force during expansion and contraction. The telescopic member is also provided on the outer periphery of the telescopic member. A suspension spring that elastically supports the vehicle body by springing in the direction of extension, and a device that can adjust the initial load of the suspension spring by means of an adjustment section such as a cam mechanism.

例如，在利用凸輪機構作為調整部的懸吊裝置中，支撐懸吊彈簧的一端的彈簧支座為環狀，可朝周方向旋轉，且可朝軸方向移動地裝設於外管的外周。並且，限制構件被固定在外管的外周且與彈簧支座的懸吊彈簧相反側，彈簧支座往反懸吊彈簧側的移動藉由此限制構件而受到限制。For example, in a suspension device using a cam mechanism as an adjustment part, a spring holder supporting one end of the suspension spring is annular, is rotatable in the circumferential direction, and is mounted on the outer circumference of the outer tube so as to be movable in the axial direction. In addition, the restricting member is fixed to the outer circumference of the outer tube on the side opposite to the suspension spring of the spring support, and the movement of the spring support to the anti-suspension spring side is restricted by the restricting member.

而且，包含軸方向高度不同的複數的凸輪面的凸輪部，被設置在彈簧支座的限制構件側的端部。其中一方，在限制構件，設置選擇性抵接於凸輪面的任一個的突部。藉此，當旋轉彈簧支座來變更突部所抵接的凸輪面時，可以變更彈簧支座相對於外管的軸方向位置，將懸吊彈簧的初始負載予以調節。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]In addition, a cam portion including a plurality of cam surfaces having different heights in the axial direction is provided at an end portion on the restricting member side of the spring holder. In one of them, the restricting member is provided with a protrusion that selectively abuts on any one of the cam surfaces. Thereby, when the spring support is rotated to change the cam surface that the protrusion abuts, the axial position of the spring support relative to the outer tube can be changed, and the initial load of the suspension spring can be adjusted. [Prior Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

專利文獻1：JP2002-54677APatent Document 1: JP2002-54677A

[發明所欲解決之問題][The problem to be solved by the invention]

在此，於JP2002-54677A所記載的懸吊裝置，懸吊彈簧配置於從外管突出的桿的外周。此懸吊彈簧是將線材螺旋狀纏繞而形成的螺旋彈簧，將其一卷量形成為捲曲部時，在相鄰的捲曲部之間產生間隙。因此，在搭載懸吊裝置的車輛的行走時，偶有來自於路面的飛石通過其間隙而擊中桿的情形。Here, in the suspension device described in JP2002-54677A, the suspension spring is arranged on the outer circumference of the rod protruding from the outer tube. This suspension spring is a coil spring formed by helically winding a wire, and when one volume of the coil is formed as a crimp, a gap is generated between adjacent crimps. Therefore, when a vehicle equipped with a suspension device is traveling, flying rocks from the road surface occasionally hit the rod through the gap.

為了防止因該飛石而損傷桿的情形，必須採行於桿進行焠火，或設置保護桿的外周的內蓋的任一種對策。然而，於桿進行焠火須耗費時間，增加成本。另外，由於在追加內蓋的情況下，將其作為一個零件追加的情形也會增加零件數量，因而同樣會增加成本。In order to prevent the rod from being damaged by the flying stones, it is necessary to take any measures such as quenching the rod or installing an inner cover to protect the outer circumference of the rod. However, quenching on the rod takes time and increases costs. In addition, when the inner cover is added, adding it as a part will also increase the number of parts, which will also increase the cost.

因此，本發明的目的，在於提供：可以不須要進行桿的焠火，並且也可以防止零件數量增加的懸吊裝置。 [解決問題之技術手段]Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a suspension device that can prevent the quenching of the rod and can prevent an increase in the number of parts. [Technical means to solve the problem]

解決上述課題的懸吊裝置，具備：伸縮構件，具有外管和桿；懸吊彈簧，設置於伸縮構件的外周；環狀的彈簧支座，可朝軸方向移動地設置於桿的外周來支撐懸吊彈簧的一端；限制構件，設置於桿的外周來限制往彈簧支座的反懸吊彈簧側的移動；以及調整部，設置於彈簧支座和限制構件來調整彈簧支座相對於桿的軸方向位置，彈簧支座和限制構件分別以合成樹脂來形成，彈簧支座和限制構件的任一方具有配置於桿和懸吊彈簧之間來包覆往外管外突出的桿的外周的內蓋。A suspension device that solves the above problems includes: a telescopic member with an outer tube and a rod; a suspension spring provided on the outer periphery of the telescopic member; and a ring-shaped spring support provided on the outer periphery of the rod so as to be movable in the axial direction to support One end of the suspension spring; a restriction member, which is provided on the outer circumference of the rod to restrict movement to the anti-suspension spring side of the spring support; and an adjustment part, which is provided on the spring support and the restriction member to adjust the spring support relative to the rod In the axial direction, the spring support and the restricting member are respectively formed of synthetic resin. Either the spring support and the restricting member has an inner cover arranged between the rod and the suspension spring to cover the outer circumference of the rod protruding from the outer tube .

依據上述構造，由於彈簧支座和限制構件以合成樹脂來形成，因而這些的成形性提昇而可以自由設計形狀。因此，彈簧支座或限制構件可以具有內蓋的構造，具可以藉此內蓋來保護桿。所以，可以不須要進行桿的焠火。而且，由於彈簧支座或限制構件具有內蓋，因而不須在彈簧支座和限制構件外另行設置內蓋即可，可以防止零件數量增加。According to the above configuration, since the spring support and the restricting member are formed of synthetic resin, the formability of these is improved and the shape can be freely designed. Therefore, the spring support or the restricting member may have an inner cover structure, and the rod can be protected by the inner cover. Therefore, it is not necessary to quench the rod. Moreover, since the spring support or the restricting member has an inner cover, it is not necessary to provide an inner cover outside the spring support and the restricting member, which can prevent the number of parts from increasing.

另外，上述懸吊裝置具備裝設於桿的外周的避震橡膠，限制構件也可以具有環狀且在避震橡膠的壓縮時拘束避震橡膠的外周的拘束部。如此一來，由於限制構件也承擔作為拘束避震橡膠的外周的拘束部的功能，因而即使是設置拘束部的情況下，仍可以防止懸吊裝置的零件數量增加。 [發明效果]In addition, the suspension device described above includes a shock-absorbing rubber attached to the outer periphery of the rod, and the restricting member may have a ring-shaped restraining portion that restricts the outer periphery of the shock-absorbing rubber when the shock-absorbing rubber is compressed. In this way, since the restricting member also functions as a restraining portion that restrains the outer circumference of the shock-absorbing rubber, even when the restraining portion is provided, the number of parts of the suspension device can be prevented from increasing. [Effects of the invention]

依據本發明所涉及的懸吊裝置，可以不須要進行桿的焠火，並且也可以防止零件數量增加。According to the suspension device involved in the present invention, it is not necessary to quench the rod, and the number of parts can also be prevented from increasing.

以下針對於本發明的實施方式的懸吊裝置，參照圖式進行說明。Hereinafter, the suspension device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

如圖1所示的本發明的一種實施方式所涉及的懸吊裝置，是作為將摩托車等的跨騎型車輛的後輪予以懸吊的後避震器裝置S來利用。在以下的說明中，只要無特別的說明，將在後避震器裝置S安裝於車輛的狀態下的「上」「下」，單指「上」「下」。The suspension device according to one embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is used as a rear shock absorber device S that suspends the rear wheel of a saddle-riding vehicle such as a motorcycle. In the following description, as long as there is no special description, the terms "up" and "down" in the state where the rear shock absorber device S is mounted on the vehicle will be referred to simply as "up" and "down".

此外，本發明所涉及的懸吊裝置，也可以利用於跨騎型車輛以外的車輛，視搭載本發明所涉及的懸吊裝置的車輛，也可以利用於本發明所涉及的懸吊裝置懸吊前輪的場合。如此般，本發明所涉及的懸吊裝置的利用目地，可以適當變更。In addition, the suspension device according to the present invention can also be used for vehicles other than straddle-type vehicles. Depending on the vehicle equipped with the suspension device according to the present invention, it can also be used for suspension by the suspension device according to the present invention. In the case of the front wheel. In this way, the purpose of use of the suspension device according to the present invention can be appropriately changed.

如圖1所示般，本發明的一個實施方式所涉及的懸吊裝置亦即後避震器裝置S，具備：阻尼器1、以及設置於其阻尼器1的外周的懸吊彈簧2。As shown in FIG. 1, a suspension device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a rear shock absorber device S, includes a damper 1 and a suspension spring 2 provided on the outer periphery of the damper 1.

阻尼器1，具備：外管10、以及進出於此外管10且一端從外管10往下方突出的桿11。外管10的上端是以蓋12塞住，在此蓋12，設置將外管10連結於成為車體的骨架的車體框架的車體側支架13。另一方面，在桿11的下端，設置將桿11連結於擺臂的車輪側支架14。擺臂可上下擺動地連結於車體框架，且支撐跨騎型車輛的後輪。The damper 1 includes an outer tube 10 and a rod 11 that goes in and out of the outer tube 10 and whose one end protrudes downward from the outer tube 10. The upper end of the outer tube 10 is closed with a cover 12, and here the cover 12 is provided with a vehicle body side bracket 13 that connects the outer tube 10 to a vehicle body frame that forms the skeleton of the vehicle body. On the other hand, at the lower end of the rod 11, a wheel-side bracket 14 that connects the rod 11 to the swing arm is provided. The swing arm is connected to the vehicle body frame so as to swing up and down, and supports the rear wheel of the straddle-type vehicle.

因此，阻尼器1是經由車體側支架13和車輪側支架14來介設在車體和後輪(車輪)之間。而且，當跨騎型車輛行走在有凹凸的路面的等而後輪相對於車體上下振動，且擺臂上下擺動時，桿11進出於外管10且阻尼器1進行伸縮。如此般，在本實施方式中，阻尼器1成為懸吊裝置之伸縮構件。而且，也將如上述般阻尼器1伸縮的動作，稱為後避震器裝置(懸吊裝置)S進行伸縮。Therefore, the damper 1 is interposed between the vehicle body and the rear wheels (wheels) via the vehicle body side bracket 13 and the wheel side bracket 14. Moreover, when a saddle-riding vehicle is traveling on a road with unevenness and the rear wheel vibrates up and down with respect to the vehicle body and the swing arm swings up and down, the rod 11 moves in and out of the outer tube 10 and the damper 1 expands and contracts. In this way, in this embodiment, the damper 1 becomes the telescopic member of the suspension device. In addition, the expansion and contraction of the damper 1 as described above is also referred to as a rear suspension device (suspension device) S that expands and contracts.

接下來，如前述般，外管10的上端是以蓋12塞住。其中一方，外管10的下端也被塞住。更詳細來說，雖未圖示，但在外管10的下端內周，裝設環狀的頭構件。桿11，***於其頭構件的內側，以此頭構件來軸支撐且進出於外管10。在頭構件，裝設將桿11的外周密封的密封構件。藉此，外管10的兩端被液密地封住。Next, as described above, the upper end of the outer tube 10 is plugged with the cap 12. On one side, the lower end of the outer tube 10 is also plugged. In more detail, although not shown, a ring-shaped head member is installed on the inner circumference of the lower end of the outer tube 10. The rod 11 is inserted into the inner side of the head member, and the head member is used to axially support and enter and exit the outer tube 10. The head member is provided with a sealing member that seals the outer circumference of the rod 11. Thereby, both ends of the outer tube 10 are sealed liquid-tightly.

雖未圖示，但在其外管10內收容作動油等的液體，並且活塞可滑動地***。此活塞是連結於***外管10內的桿11的上端。而且，在阻尼器1的伸縮時當桿11進出於外管10，活塞在外管10內往上下(軸方向)移動。此時，液體移動於外管10內，並且其液體的流動被賦予抵抗。藉此，在阻尼器1的伸縮時，起因於其抵抗的阻尼力發生。換言之，在本實施方式中，伸縮構件亦即阻尼器1成為液壓阻尼器。Although not shown, liquid such as hydraulic oil is contained in the outer tube 10, and the piston is slidably inserted. This piston is connected to the upper end of a rod 11 inserted into the outer tube 10. Furthermore, when the rod 11 enters and exits the outer tube 10 during the expansion and contraction of the damper 1, the piston moves up and down (in the axial direction) in the outer tube 10. At this time, the liquid moves inside the outer tube 10, and the flow of the liquid is given resistance. Thereby, when the damper 1 expands and contracts, a damping force due to its resistance is generated. In other words, in this embodiment, the damper 1 which is a telescopic member becomes a hydraulic damper.

另外，雖未圖示，但封裝有壓縮氣體的氣室形成在外管10內，在阻尼器1的伸縮時若桿11進出於外管10，其氣室進行擴大或縮小，補償桿11進出於外管10的體積分。氣室，也可以藉自由活塞、氣囊、伸縮囊等的可動間隔壁來與外管10內的液體做區隔，或省略可動間隔壁。In addition, although not shown, a gas chamber encapsulated with compressed gas is formed in the outer tube 10. When the rod 11 enters and exits the outer tube 10 during the expansion and contraction of the damper 1, the chamber expands or contracts, and the compensation rod 11 enters and exits. The volume of the outer tube 10 points. The air chamber may be separated from the liquid in the outer tube 10 by a movable partition wall such as a free piston, an air bag, a bellows, or the like, or the movable partition wall may be omitted.

另外，阻尼器1的構造，不限於圖示可以適當變更。例如，也可以將槽連結於外管，將氣室形成於此槽內。並且，在將槽連結於外管的情況下，也可以在槽內形成收容液體和氣體的儲存室，以此儲存室來進行進出於外管的桿的體積補償。In addition, the structure of the damper 1 is not limited to that shown in the figure, and can be changed appropriately. For example, the groove may be connected to the outer tube, and the air chamber may be formed in the groove. In addition, when the tank is connected to the outer tube, a storage chamber for accommodating liquid and gas may be formed in the tank, and the volume of the rod that enters and exits the outer tube can be compensated by the storage chamber.

另外，也可以是外管配置於下側(車輪側)，桿配置於上側(車體側)。在如此般的情況下，也可以在外管內設置圓筒，將活塞可滑動地***於其圓筒內，並且在外管和圓筒之間形成儲存室。並且，也可以桿設置於活塞的兩側，在如此般的情況下，進出於外管的桿的體積補償本身可以不須要。In addition, the outer tube may be arranged on the lower side (wheel side), and the rod may be arranged on the upper side (vehicle body side). In such a case, a cylinder may be provided in the outer tube, the piston may be slidably inserted into the cylinder, and a storage chamber may be formed between the outer tube and the cylinder. In addition, the rods can also be arranged on both sides of the piston. In such a case, the volume compensation of the rods entering and exiting the outer tube may not be necessary.

另外，阻尼器也可以是利用電磁力、摩擦抵抗等來產生阻尼力的液壓阻尼器以外的阻尼器。甚至，伸縮構件只要具備外管、以及可朝軸方向移動地***外管的桿的話，也可以不是阻尼器，例如，也可以是支撐懸吊彈簧的導件等。In addition, the damper may be a damper other than a hydraulic damper that uses electromagnetic force, friction resistance, or the like to generate a damping force. Furthermore, as long as the telescopic member is provided with an outer tube and a rod inserted into the outer tube so as to be movable in the axial direction, it may not be a damper. For example, it may be a guide that supports a suspension spring.

接下來，懸吊彈簧2是線圈彈簧。此懸吊彈簧2的軸方向的兩端是以上下的環狀的彈簧支座3、4來支撐。上側的彈簧支座3是設置於封住外管10的上端的蓋12。其中一方，下側的彈簧支座4是可在桿11的外周朝周方向旋轉且可朝軸方向移動地裝設，對於此下側的彈簧支座4的桿11往下方的移動以限制構件5來限制。Next, the suspension spring 2 is a coil spring. The two ends of the suspension spring 2 in the axial direction are supported by upper and lower ring-shaped spring supports 3 and 4. The spring support 3 on the upper side is a cover 12 provided on the upper end of the outer tube 10. On one side, the lower spring support 4 is installed on the outer circumference of the rod 11 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction and movable in the axial direction. For this lower spring support 4, the rod 11 moves downward to restrict the member 5 to limit.

如此般，支撐懸吊彈簧2的一端的上側的彈簧支座3，經由蓋12來受到外管10支撐，支撐懸吊彈簧2的另一端的下側的彈簧支座4，經由限制構件5來受到桿11支撐。藉此，懸吊彈簧2是介設在外管10和桿11之間。而且，在阻尼器1的伸縮時當桿11進出於外管10時，懸吊彈簧2也進行伸縮，並發揮符合其壓縮量的彈簧力。此懸吊彈簧2的彈簧力是往使阻尼器1伸長的方向作用。藉此，車體藉由懸吊彈簧2來彈性支撐。In this way, the upper spring support 3 supporting one end of the suspension spring 2 is supported by the outer tube 10 via the cover 12, and the lower spring support 4 supporting the other end of the suspension spring 2 is provided via the restricting member 5. Supported by the rod 11. Thereby, the suspension spring 2 is interposed between the outer tube 10 and the rod 11. Moreover, when the rod 11 moves in and out of the outer tube 10 during the expansion and contraction of the damper 1, the suspension spring 2 also expands and contracts, and exerts a spring force in accordance with its compression amount. The spring force of the suspension spring 2 acts in a direction to extend the damper 1. Thereby, the vehicle body is elastically supported by the suspension spring 2.

另外，下側的彈簧支座4和限制構件5，分別以合成樹脂來形成。在這些構件，設置凸輪機構，作為調整懸吊彈簧2的初始負載的調整部A。In addition, the lower spring support 4 and the restricting member 5 are respectively formed of synthetic resin. In these members, a cam mechanism is provided as an adjustment portion A that adjusts the initial load of the suspension spring 2.

更詳細來說，下側的彈簧支座4，整體的形狀成為環狀，具有：懸吊彈簧2的下端抵接於上端的環狀的座部40、從此座部40的上端內周部往上方突出的筒狀的內蓋41、以及從座部40的下端外周部往下方突出的環狀的凸輪蓋42。另外，在以凸輪蓋42包圍的座部40的下端，形成一個以上包含軸方向高度不同的複數的凸輪面的凸輪部43。In more detail, the lower spring support 4 has a ring-like shape as a whole, and has a ring-shaped seat 40 where the lower end of the suspension spring 2 abuts on the upper end, and the inner peripheral portion of the upper end of the seat 40 A cylindrical inner cover 41 protruding upward, and an annular cam cover 42 protruding downward from the outer peripheral portion of the lower end of the seat 40. In addition, at the lower end of the seat portion 40 surrounded by the cam cover 42, one or more cam portions 43 including a plurality of cam surfaces having different heights in the axial direction are formed.

其中一方，限制構件5，整體的形狀成為環狀，具有：環狀的基部50、以及從此基部50的上端內周部往上方突出的筒部51。筒部51可***於凸輪蓋42內，在其筒部51的上端，形成與上述凸輪部43相同數量的突部52。而且，突部52選擇性抵接於凸輪部43之任一個的凸輪面。其抵接部，由於以凸輪蓋42覆蓋，因而防止異物被咬入於突部52和凸輪部43之間的情形。One of them, the restricting member 5, has a ring-like shape as a whole, and has a ring-shaped base 50 and a cylindrical portion 51 protruding upward from the inner peripheral portion of the upper end of the base 50. The cylindrical portion 51 can be inserted into the cam cover 42, and the same number of protrusions 52 as the aforementioned cam portion 43 are formed on the upper end of the cylindrical portion 51. In addition, the protrusion 52 selectively abuts on the cam surface of any one of the cam portions 43. Since the abutting portion is covered with the cam cover 42, it is prevented that foreign matter is bitten between the protrusion 52 and the cam portion 43.

另外，限制構件5是被積層在螺合於桿11的下端部的支撐部6。鎖緊螺帽7螺合於此支撐部6的正上方，藉此，成為雙螺帽構造來形成支撐部6的鎖緊。限制構件5是藉由懸吊彈簧2來與下側的彈簧支座4一齊被往下方彈壓，基部50的下端被推壓於支撐部6的上端。藉此，限制構件5無法對於桿11朝軸方向移動。車輪側支架14一體設置於支撐部6，並且避震橡膠8設置於鎖緊螺帽7的正上方。In addition, the restricting member 5 is a supporting portion 6 which is laminated on the lower end portion of the rod 11 screwed. The locking nut 7 is screwed directly above the supporting portion 6, thereby forming a double nut structure to form the locking of the supporting portion 6. The restricting member 5 is urged downward along with the lower spring support 4 by the suspension spring 2, and the lower end of the base 50 is pressed against the upper end of the supporting portion 6. Thereby, the restricting member 5 cannot move in the axial direction with respect to the rod 11. The wheel-side bracket 14 is integrally arranged on the support part 6, and the shock-absorbing rubber 8 is arranged directly above the lock nut 7.

另外，如前述般，限制構件5的突部52抵接於下側的彈簧支座4的凸輪部43，藉此下側的彈簧支座4對於桿11的往下方(反懸吊彈簧側)的移動受到限制。甚至，當作業者將下側的彈簧支座4和限制構件5往圖1中左右進行相對旋轉，變更突部52所抵接的凸輪面時，下側的彈簧支座4對於外管11的軸方向位置就往上下改變，藉此變更懸吊彈簧2的初始負載。In addition, as described above, the protrusion 52 of the restricting member 5 abuts against the cam portion 43 of the lower spring holder 4, whereby the lower spring holder 4 faces the lower side of the rod 11 (the anti-suspension spring side) 'S movement is restricted. Even when the operator rotates the lower spring support 4 and the restricting member 5 to the left and right in FIG. 1 to change the cam surface against which the protrusion 52 abuts, the lower spring support 4 is relative to the outer tube 11 The axial position is changed up and down, thereby changing the initial load of the suspension spring 2.

例如，在上側的彈簧支座4，將靠近懸吊彈簧2的位置作為較高位置，將遠離懸吊彈簧2的位置作為較低位置，當將突部52所抵接的凸輪面，變更為位於比現在突部52所抵接的凸輪面更高位置的凸輪面時，下側的彈簧支座4相對於桿11的軸方向位置變低，懸吊彈簧2的初始負載變小。與此相反地，當將突部52所抵接的凸輪面，變更為位於比現在突部52所抵接的凸輪面更低位置的凸輪面時，下側的彈簧支座4相對於桿11的軸方向位置變高，懸吊彈簧2的初始負載變大。For example, in the upper spring support 4, the position close to the suspension spring 2 is regarded as the higher position, and the position far away from the suspension spring 2 is regarded as the lower position. When the cam surface abutted by the protrusion 52 is changed to When the cam surface is located at a higher position than the cam surface currently in contact with the protrusion 52, the lower spring holder 4 has a lower axial position with respect to the rod 11, and the initial load of the suspension spring 2 is reduced. Contrary to this, when the cam surface abutted by the protrusion 52 is changed to a cam surface located at a lower position than the cam surface currently abutted by the protrusion 52, the lower spring support 4 is opposed to the lever 11 The position in the axial direction of φ becomes higher, and the initial load of the suspension spring 2 becomes larger.

此外，在本實施方式中，下側的彈簧支座4和限制構件5可分別朝桿11的周方向旋轉。藉此，作業者調整懸吊彈簧2的初始負載時，可以分別將下側的彈簧支座4和限制構件5以雙手抓著相對旋轉。並且，為了使其相對旋轉操作容易，凹凸設置在從下側的彈簧支座4的座部40到凸輪蓋42的外周，與限制構件5的基部50的外周。In addition, in this embodiment, the lower spring holder 4 and the restricting member 5 can rotate in the circumferential direction of the rod 11, respectively. Thereby, when the operator adjusts the initial load of the suspension spring 2, the lower spring support 4 and the restricting member 5 can be grasped and rotated relative to each other with both hands. In addition, in order to facilitate the relative rotation operation, concavities and convexities are provided from the seat 40 of the lower spring support 4 to the outer periphery of the cam cover 42 and the outer periphery of the base 50 of the restricting member 5.

但是，也可以限制構件5相對於桿11被停止旋轉，僅下側的彈簧支座4可對於桿11朝周方向旋轉。在如此般的情況下，在作業者調整懸吊彈簧2的初始負載時，將下側的彈簧支座4進行旋轉操作的話，即使不壓著限制構件5也可以將下側的彈簧支座4和限制構件5相對旋轉。並且，在如此般的情況下，當將掛工具的孔、缺口、對邊寬度部等，設置於下側的彈簧支座4時，可以使利用工具等的下側的彈簧支座4的旋轉操作容易。However, it is also possible that the restricting member 5 is stopped from rotating with respect to the rod 11 and only the lower spring holder 4 can rotate with respect to the rod 11 in the circumferential direction. In such a situation, when the operator adjusts the initial load of the suspension spring 2, if the lower spring support 4 is rotated, the lower spring support 4 can be moved without pressing the restricting member 5 It rotates relative to the restricting member 5. And, in such a case, when the hole, notch, side width portion, etc. of the hanging tool are provided on the lower spring support 4, the rotation of the lower spring support 4 by the tool can be used. Easy to operate.

接下來，設置於上側的彈簧支座4的內蓋41，被配置於懸吊彈簧2和桿11之間，包覆往外管10外突出的桿11的外周。而且，藉由後避震器裝置S的伸縮，或懸吊彈簧2的初始負載的調整，外管10進出於內蓋41。Next, the inner cover 41 of the spring support 4 provided on the upper side is arranged between the suspension spring 2 and the rod 11 and covers the outer circumference of the rod 11 protruding out of the outer tube 10. Furthermore, the outer tube 10 enters and exits the inner cover 41 by the expansion and contraction of the rear shock absorber device S or the adjustment of the initial load of the suspension spring 2.

具體來說，在後避震器裝置S的伸長時當桿11從外管10退出時，外管10從內蓋41退出。相反地，在後避震器裝置S的收縮時若桿11侵入於外管10內，外管10往內蓋41內侵入。Specifically, when the rod 11 is withdrawn from the outer tube 10 during the extension of the rear shock absorber device S, the outer tube 10 is withdrawn from the inner cover 41. Conversely, when the rod 11 intrudes into the outer tube 10 when the rear shock absorber device S is contracted, the outer tube 10 intrudes into the inner cover 41.

另外，內蓋41的軸方向長度，被設定為即使是桿11成為從外管10最退出的狀態的後避震器裝置S的最大伸長時，且下側的彈簧支座4相對於桿11的軸方向位置位於最低位置的情況下，內蓋41的上端仍位於比外管10的下端更高的位置的長度。藉此，外管10的上端部和內蓋41的下端部，維持在始終重合(成為內外雙層)的狀態，防止因來自於路面的飛石等而損傷桿11的情形。In addition, the axial length of the inner cover 41 is set to the maximum extension of the rear shock absorber device S in the state where the rod 11 is the most retracted from the outer tube 10, and the lower spring support 4 is relative to the rod 11 In the case where the axial position of the inner cover 41 is at the lowest position, the upper end of the inner cover 41 is still located at a higher position than the lower end of the outer tube 10. Thereby, the upper end portion of the outer tube 10 and the lower end portion of the inner cover 41 are maintained in a state of always overlapping (being an inner and outer double layer), preventing damage to the rod 11 due to flying rocks from the road surface or the like.

接下來，避震橡膠8為環狀，且在將下端以鎖緊螺帽7支撐於桿11的下端部外周的狀態裝設。在限制構件5，與此避震橡膠8的外周相對向的部分，成為內徑比其他的部分的內徑小的縮徑部53。如圖1所示般，在外力未作用於裝設在桿11的外周的避震橡膠8的狀態下，避震橡膠8的外徑是比縮徑部53的內徑更小，且在避震橡膠8和縮徑部53之間產生間隙。Next, the shock-absorbing rubber 8 has a ring shape, and is installed in a state where the lower end is supported on the outer periphery of the lower end of the rod 11 with the lock nut 7. In the restricting member 5, a portion facing the outer circumference of the shock-absorbing rubber 8 is a reduced-diameter portion 53 whose inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the other portions. As shown in Fig. 1, in a state where external force does not act on the shock-absorbing rubber 8 installed on the outer circumference of the rod 11, the outer diameter of the shock-absorbing rubber 8 is smaller than the inner diameter of the reduced diameter portion 53, and is There is a gap between the shock rubber 8 and the reduced diameter portion 53.

如前述般，在外管10的下端內周，裝設環狀的頭構件。而且，在後避震器裝置S的最收縮時，其頭構件抵靠於避震橡膠8，使避震橡膠8彈性變形。藉此，後避震器裝置S的最收縮時的衝撃受到緩和。另外，當避震橡膠8彈性變形時，朝其外徑變大(擴徑)的方向變形，避震橡膠8的外周抵靠於縮徑部53。於是，避震橡膠8的更進一步的擴徑受到限制，避震橡膠8的排斥力提高。As described above, a ring-shaped head member is installed on the inner circumference of the lower end of the outer tube 10. Moreover, when the rear shock absorber device S is most contracted, its head member abuts against the shock-absorbing rubber 8 to elastically deform the shock-absorbing rubber 8. Thereby, the shock at the time of the most contraction of the rear shock absorber device S is alleviated. In addition, when the shock-absorbing rubber 8 is elastically deformed, it deforms in a direction in which its outer diameter becomes larger (diameter expansion), and the outer periphery of the shock-absorbing rubber 8 abuts against the reduced diameter portion 53. Therefore, the further expansion of the shock-absorbing rubber 8 is restricted, and the repulsive force of the shock-absorbing rubber 8 is improved.

如此般，在本實施方式中，限制構件5的縮徑部53，在避震橡膠8被壓縮時作為拘束其外周的拘束部發揮功能。此外，在本實施方式中，雖將限制構件5的縮徑部53利用作為拘束部，但例如，也可以將套環嵌合於限制構件5的內周，將此套環利用作為拘束部。另外，拘束部的內徑，當然可以依據避震橡膠8的外徑來變更，也可以與限制構件5之其他的部分的內徑相同或更大。In this way, in the present embodiment, the reduced-diameter portion 53 of the restricting member 5 functions as a restricting portion that restricts the outer periphery of the shock-absorbing rubber 8 when the shock-absorbing rubber 8 is compressed. In addition, in this embodiment, although the reduced diameter part 53 of the restricting member 5 is used as a restraining part, for example, a collar may be fitted to the inner periphery of the restraining member 5, and this collar may be used as a restraining part. In addition, the inner diameter of the restraint portion can of course be changed according to the outer diameter of the shock-absorbing rubber 8, and it may be the same as or larger than the inner diameter of other parts of the restricting member 5.

以下，針對於本發明的一個實施方式所涉及的懸吊裝置亦即後避震器裝置S的作用效果進行說明。Hereinafter, the function and effect of the rear shock absorber device S, which is a suspension device according to an embodiment of the present invention, will be described.

在本實施方式中，後避震器裝置(懸吊裝置)S，具備：阻尼器(伸縮構件)1，具有外管10、以及可朝軸方向移動地***此外管10內的桿11來進行伸縮；懸吊彈簧2，設置於此阻尼器1的外周來將阻尼器1朝伸長方向彈壓；環狀的彈簧支座4，可朝軸方向移動地設置於桿11的外周，將懸吊彈簧2的一端予以支撐；以及限制構件5，設置於桿11的外周，限制彈簧支座4往反懸吊彈簧側的移動。In this embodiment, the rear shock absorber device (suspension device) S includes a damper (telescopic member) 1, an outer tube 10, and a rod 11 inserted into the outer tube 10 so as to be movable in the axial direction. Stretching; a suspension spring 2, which is arranged on the outer circumference of the damper 1 to urge the damper 1 in the direction of extension; a ring-shaped spring support 4, which is movable in the axial direction, is arranged on the outer circumference of the rod 11, and the suspension spring 2 is supported by one end; and a restricting member 5 is provided on the outer circumference of the rod 11 to restrict the movement of the spring support 4 to the side of the anti-suspension spring.

並且，上述後避震器裝置S是設置於彈簧支座4和限制構件5，具備調整彈簧支座4相對於桿11的軸方向位置的調整部A。而且，彈簧支座4和限制構件5，分別以合成樹脂來形成，彈簧支座4具有配置於桿11和懸吊彈簧2之間來包覆往外管10外突出的桿11的外周的內蓋41。In addition, the above-mentioned rear shock absorber device S is provided on the spring holder 4 and the restricting member 5, and includes an adjustment portion A that adjusts the axial position of the spring holder 4 with respect to the rod 11. Furthermore, the spring support 4 and the restricting member 5 are respectively formed of synthetic resin, and the spring support 4 has an inner cover arranged between the rod 11 and the suspension spring 2 to cover the outer circumference of the rod 11 protruding from the outer tube 10 41.

如此般，在本實施方式中，由於彈簧支座4和限制構件5以合成樹脂來形成，因而與將這些以鐵等的金屬來形成的情況下做比較可以輕量化，並且成形性提昇而可以自由設計形狀。因此，彈簧支座4是具有內蓋41的構造，換言之，可以將彈簧支座4的擔負作為彈簧支座的功能的座部40、以及內蓋41一體成形。所謂一體成形，並非將個別形成的構件予以接著或接合，是指在與構件的接合同時將製品一體進行成形。In this way, in this embodiment, since the spring support 4 and the restricting member 5 are formed of synthetic resin, compared with the case where these are formed of metal such as iron, the weight can be reduced, and the formability can be improved. Freely design shapes. Therefore, the spring support 4 has a structure having an inner cover 41. In other words, the seat portion 40 of the spring support 4 that functions as a spring support and the inner cover 41 can be integrally formed. The term "integral molding" does not mean that individually formed members are adhered or joined together, but means that the product is integrally molded at the same time as joining with the members.

依據上述構造，由於可以藉內蓋41來保護桿11的外周，因而可以防止因飛石損傷桿11的情形，並且省去於桿11進行焠火的時間。並且，由於彈簧支座4具有內蓋41，不將彈簧支座4和內蓋41個別設置即可，因而可以防止後避震器裝置(懸吊裝置)S的零件數量增加。所以，可以減低後避震器裝置S的成本。According to the above structure, since the outer circumference of the rod 11 can be protected by the inner cover 41, it is possible to prevent the rod 11 from being damaged by flying stones, and to save the time for quenching the rod 11. Furthermore, since the spring support 4 has the inner cover 41, it is not necessary to separately provide the spring support 4 and the inner cover 41, so that the number of parts of the rear shock absorber device (suspension device) S can be prevented from increasing. Therefore, the cost of the rear shock absorber device S can be reduced.

此外，關於成為彈簧支座4和限制構件5的材料的合成樹脂的種類，尼龍、聚丙烯等，雖未特別限定，但在懸吊彈簧2的彈簧力非常大的情況等，也可以選擇以玻璃纖維等作為補強材料來添加的纖維強化樹脂。In addition, although the type of synthetic resin used as the material of the spring support 4 and the restricting member 5, nylon, polypropylene, etc., is not particularly limited, it can also be selected when the spring force of the suspension spring 2 is very large. Fiber-reinforced resin added as a reinforcing material such as glass fiber.

另外，在本實施方式中，調整部A為凸輪機構，構成為具有凸輪部43和突部52，懸吊彈簧2的彈簧力作用於凸輪部43和突部52的抵接部。此情況下，由於增加其抵接部的接觸面積的那一方，藉由懸吊彈簧2的彈簧力作用於其抵接部的壓力被減輕，因而在強度上有利。因此，如本實施方式般，將內蓋41設置於彈簧支座4的那一方，與將內蓋設置於限制構件5的情況下進行比較，且容易將凸輪部43和突部52的接觸面積加大，且容易成為強度上有利的構造。In addition, in the present embodiment, the adjustment portion A is a cam mechanism and is configured to include a cam portion 43 and a protrusion 52, and the spring force of the suspension spring 2 acts on the contact portion of the cam portion 43 and the protrusion 52. In this case, since the contact area of the contact portion is increased, the pressure applied to the contact portion by the spring force of the suspension spring 2 is reduced, which is advantageous in terms of strength. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the inner cover 41 is provided on the side of the spring support 4, compared with the case where the inner cover is provided on the restricting member 5, and the contact area between the cam portion 43 and the protrusion 52 can be easily adjusted. It is enlarged and easily becomes a structure that is advantageous in terms of strength.

但是，也可以限制構件5具有內蓋，彈簧支座4裝設於其內蓋的外周。另外，也可以凸輪部43設置於限制構件5，並且突部52設置於彈簧支座4。並且，調整部A也可以是凸輪機構以外的構造。However, the restricting member 5 may also have an inner cover, and the spring support 4 is installed on the outer periphery of the inner cover. In addition, the cam portion 43 may be provided on the restricting member 5 and the protrusion 52 may be provided on the spring holder 4. In addition, the adjustment portion A may have a structure other than the cam mechanism.

另外，本實施方式的後避震器裝置(懸吊裝置)S，具備裝設於桿11的外周的避震橡膠8。而且，限制構件5具有縮徑部(拘束部)53，該縮徑部為環狀，且在避震橡膠8的壓縮時拘束其避震橡膠8的外周。如此般，在本實施方式中，由於限制構件5也承擔作為拘束避震橡膠8的外周的拘束部的功能，因而即使是設置拘束部的情況下，仍可以防止後避震器裝置(懸吊裝置)S的零件數量增加。In addition, the rear shock absorber device (suspension device) S of the present embodiment includes a shock-absorbing rubber 8 attached to the outer periphery of the rod 11. In addition, the restricting member 5 has a reduced diameter portion (restriction portion) 53 which has an annular shape and restricts the outer periphery of the suspension rubber 8 when the suspension rubber 8 is compressed. In this way, in this embodiment, since the restricting member 5 also serves as a restraining part that restrains the outer periphery of the shock absorber rubber 8, even if the restraining part is provided, the rear shock absorber device (suspension) can still be prevented. Device) The number of parts for S has increased.

但是，如前述般，拘束部也可以不與限制構件5一體成形。並且，例如，在將緩和後避震器裝置的最為收縮時的衝撃的緩衝膠、緩衝彈簧、或油鎖機構等設置於阻尼器(伸縮構件)2的內部的情況下等，也可以省略避震橡膠8和拘束部。However, as described above, the restricting portion may not be integrally formed with the restricting member 5. In addition, for example, in the case where cushion rubber, cushion spring, or oil lock mechanism to alleviate the shock of the most contraction of the rear shock absorber device is provided inside the damper (telescopic member) 2, etc., the avoidance may be omitted. Vibration rubber 8 and restraint part.

以上，雖然詳細說明本發明的較佳的實施方式，但只要不偏離專利申請的範圍，仍可進行改造、變形、及變更。本發明是根據2019年7月3日於日本國特許廳申請的特願2019-124538來主張優先權，該申請的全部內容藉由參照而納入本說明書。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, as long as they do not deviate from the scope of the patent application, modifications, modifications, and changes can still be made. The present invention claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-124538 filed at the Japan Patent Office on July 3, 2019, and the entire content of the application is incorporated into this specification by reference.

A:調整部 S:後避震器裝置(懸吊裝置) 1:阻尼器(伸縮構件) 2:懸吊彈簧 4:彈簧支座 5:限制構件 8:避震橡膠 10:外管 11:桿 41:內蓋 53:縮徑部(拘束部)A: Adjustment Department S: Rear shock absorber device (suspension device) 1: Damper (telescopic member) 2: Suspension spring 4: Spring support 5: Restriction member 8: shock absorber rubber 10: Outer tube 11: Rod 41: inner cover 53: Reduced diameter part (constraint part)

[圖1]是將本發明的一個實施方式所涉及的懸吊裝置亦即後避震器裝置的局部予以部分切除來表示的前視圖。[Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a front view showing a suspension device according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, a rear shock absorber device partially cut away.

1:阻尼器(伸縮構件) 1: Damper (telescopic member)

2:懸吊彈簧 2: Suspension spring

3,4:彈簧支座 3, 4: Spring support

5:限制構件 5: Restriction member

6:支撐部 6: Support

7:鎖緊螺帽 7: Locking nut

8:避震橡膠 8: shock absorber rubber

10:外管 10: Outer tube

11:桿 11: Rod

12:蓋 12: cover

13:車體側支架 13: Car body side bracket

14:車輪側支架 14: Wheel side bracket

40:座部 40: Seat

41:內蓋 41: inner cover

42:凸輪蓋 42: cam cover

43:凸輪部 43: Cam

50:基部 50: base

51:筒部 51: Tube

52:突部 52: protrusion

53:縮徑部(拘束部) 53: Reduced diameter part (constraint part)

A:調整部 A: Adjustment Department

S:後避震器裝置(懸吊裝置) S: Rear shock absorber device (suspension device)

Claims

一種懸吊裝置，具備：伸縮構件，具有外管、以及可朝軸方向移動地***前述外管內的桿來進行伸縮；懸吊彈簧，設置於前述伸縮構件的外周來將前述伸縮構件朝伸長方向彈壓；環狀的彈簧支座，可朝軸方向移動地裝設於前述桿的外周，將前述懸吊彈簧的一端予以支撐；限制構件，設置於前述桿的外周，限制前述彈簧支座往反懸吊彈簧側的移動；以及調整部，設置於前述彈簧支座和前述限制構件，調整前述彈簧支座相對於前述桿的軸方向位置，前述彈簧支座和前述限制構件，分別以合成樹脂來形成，前述彈簧支座和前述限制構件的任一方，具有配置於前述桿和前述懸吊彈簧之間來包覆往前述外管外突出的前述桿的外周的內蓋。A suspension device with: The telescopic member has an outer tube and a rod inserted into the outer tube movably in the axial direction to expand and contract; The suspension spring is arranged on the outer circumference of the telescopic member to urge the telescopic member in the direction of extension; A ring-shaped spring support is mounted on the outer circumference of the rod so as to be movable in the axial direction, and supports one end of the suspension spring; The restriction member is provided on the outer circumference of the rod to restrict the movement of the spring support to the anti-suspension spring side; and The adjustment part is provided on the spring support and the restricting member, and adjusts the axial position of the spring support relative to the rod, The spring support and the restricting member are respectively formed of synthetic resin, Either one of the spring support and the restriction member has an inner cover arranged between the rod and the suspension spring to cover the outer circumference of the rod protruding from the outer tube.

如請求項1所述的懸吊裝置，其中，具備裝設於前述桿的外周的避震橡膠，前述限制構件具有拘束部，該拘束部為環狀，且在前述避震橡膠的壓縮時拘束前述避震橡膠的外周。The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein: Equipped with shock-absorbing rubber installed on the outer circumference of the aforementioned rod, The restricting member has a restraining portion which has a ring shape and restrains the outer periphery of the suspension rubber when the suspension rubber is compressed.

如請求項1所述的懸吊裝置，其中，前述伸縮構件是在伸縮時產生阻尼力的阻尼器。The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein: The aforementioned telescopic member is a damper that generates a damping force when it expands and contracts.