TW202009048A - Distillation system - Google Patents

Distillation system Download PDF

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TW202009048A
TW202009048A TW107129675A TW107129675A TW202009048A TW 202009048 A TW202009048 A TW 202009048A TW 107129675 A TW107129675 A TW 107129675A TW 107129675 A TW107129675 A TW 107129675A TW 202009048 A TW202009048 A TW 202009048A
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distillation
liquid
temperature
distilled
heat
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TW107129675A
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Chinese (zh)
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TWI666046B (en
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林維煦
游耀中
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復盛股份有限公司
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Priority to CN201811067123.1A priority patent/CN110857227B/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/046—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation under vacuum produced by a barometric column
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/02—Temperature

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

A distillation system contains at least the following components. A distillation tank is configured to contain a liquid to be distilled. A heat exchanger is located in the distillation tank. A heat pump system is configured to output a heat transfer medium through the heat exchanger to heat the liquid to be distilled. A first temperature sensor is configured to measure the temperature of the liquid to be distilled. A second temperature sensor is configured to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger. A controller is connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor so as to calculate a temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors.

Description

蒸餾系統 Distillation system

本發明是關於一種蒸餾系統，特別是關於一種真空蒸餾系統。 The invention relates to a distillation system, in particular to a vacuum distillation system.

工業廢水處理因環保法規日益趨嚴，使得處理成本不斷的提高，例如使用蒸餾方式處理廢水需耗費大量電能。為了節約廢水處理耗能問題，不斷的改良廢水蒸餾設備，使廢水蒸餾處理的過程效能不斷提高，惟廢水蒸餾的控制程序仍需不斷的最佳化，使廢水蒸餾的整體耗能持續減少。 Industrial wastewater treatment has become increasingly strict due to environmental protection laws and regulations, which has continuously increased the cost of treatment. For example, the use of distillation to treat wastewater requires a lot of electrical energy. In order to save energy consumption in wastewater treatment, continuous improvement of wastewater distillation equipment has continuously improved the efficiency of wastewater distillation treatment. However, the control procedures for wastewater distillation still need to be continuously optimized to reduce the overall energy consumption of wastewater distillation.

本發明提出一種創新的蒸餾系統，解決先前技術的問題。 The present invention proposes an innovative distillation system to solve the problems of the prior art.

於本發明的一實施例中，一種蒸餾系統至少包含以下部件。一蒸餾桶用以容納一待蒸餾液體。一熱交換器位於蒸餾桶內。一熱泵系統用以輸出一傳熱介質經熱交換器以加熱待蒸餾液體。一第一溫度感測器用以量測待蒸餾液體的溫度。一第二溫度感測器用以量測位於熱交換器內的傳熱介質的溫度。一控制器連接至第一溫度感測器與第二溫度感測器，藉以計算出第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差。 In an embodiment of the invention, a distillation system includes at least the following components. A distillation barrel is used to hold a liquid to be distilled. A heat exchanger is located in the distillation barrel. A heat pump system is used to output a heat transfer medium through a heat exchanger to heat the liquid to be distilled. A first temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the liquid to be distilled. A second temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium located in the heat exchanger. A controller is connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor to calculate the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors.

於本發明的一實施例中，傳熱介質為一冷媒。 In an embodiment of the invention, the heat transfer medium is a refrigerant.

於本發明的一實施例中，熱泵系統包含一加熱加壓裝置，用以加熱傳熱介質轉換成氣態。 In an embodiment of the invention, the heat pump system includes a heating and pressurizing device for heating the heat transfer medium into a gaseous state.

於本發明的一實施例中，蒸餾系統更包含一真空泵連接至蒸餾桶，真空泵用以降低待蒸餾液體的沸點。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the distillation system further includes a vacuum pump connected to the distillation barrel, and the vacuum pump is used to reduce the boiling point of the liquid to be distilled.

於本發明的一實施例中，蒸餾系統更包含一液氣分離器連接於蒸餾桶與真空泵之間。 In an embodiment of the invention, the distillation system further includes a liquid-gas separator connected between the distillation barrel and the vacuum pump.

於本發明的一實施例中，蒸餾桶具有一洩液閥。 In an embodiment of the invention, the distillation barrel has a drain valve.

於本發明的一實施例中，控制器用以於第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差到達或大於一預定值時，開啟洩液閥以洩出蒸餾桶內的待蒸餾液體。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is used to open the drain valve to drain the liquid to be distilled in the distillation tank when the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors reaches or exceeds a predetermined value.

於本發明的一實施例中，上述溫度差的預定值為15℃。 In an embodiment of the invention, the predetermined value of the temperature difference is 15°C.

於本發明的一實施例中，蒸餾系統更包含一第三溫度感測器，用以量測熱泵系統所輸出的傳熱介質的溫度，控制器用以於第三溫度感測器所量測該傳熱介質的溫度到達一預定範圍時，開啟該洩液閥以洩出該蒸餾桶內的該待蒸餾液體。 In an embodiment of the invention, the distillation system further includes a third temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the heat transfer medium output by the heat pump system, and the controller is used for measuring the temperature by the third temperature sensor When the temperature of the heat transfer medium reaches a predetermined range, the drain valve is opened to drain the liquid to be distilled in the distillation tank.

於本發明的一實施例中，上述傳熱介質的溫度的預定範圍為90℃~115℃。 In an embodiment of the invention, the predetermined range of the temperature of the heat transfer medium is 90°C to 115°C.

綜上所述，本發明之蒸餾系統藉待蒸餾液體與熱交換器內傳熱介質的溫度差值以決定換液時機，並設置一第一溫度感測器以量測待蒸餾液體的溫度，設置一第二溫度感測器以量測位於熱交換器內的傳熱介質的溫度。另設置一控制器連接至第一溫度感測器與第二溫度感測器，藉以計算出第一、二 溫度感測器所量測的溫度差，進而監控溫度差的變化並決定換液時機。 In summary, the distillation system of the present invention uses the temperature difference between the liquid to be distilled and the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger to determine the timing of liquid replacement, and a first temperature sensor is provided to measure the temperature of the liquid to be distilled. A second temperature sensor is provided to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium located in the heat exchanger. A controller is also connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, so as to calculate the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors, and then monitor the change of the temperature difference and determine the timing of fluid change .

以下將以實施方式對上述之說明作詳細的描述，並對本發明之技術方案提供更進一步的解釋。 The above description will be described in detail in the following embodiments, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further explained.

為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例能更明顯易懂，所附符號之說明如下： In order to make the above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the attached symbols are described as follows:

100‧‧‧蒸餾系統 100‧‧‧ Distillation system

102‧‧‧蒸餾桶 102‧‧‧Distillation barrel

102a‧‧‧洩液閥 102a‧‧‧Drain valve

102b‧‧‧補液口 102b‧‧‧Rehydration port

102c‧‧‧補液閥 102c‧‧‧Refill valve

102d‧‧‧真空破壞閥 102d‧‧‧Vacuum Breaking Valve

102e‧‧‧蒸氣出口 102e‧‧‧Steam outlet

120‧‧‧待蒸餾液體 120‧‧‧ liquid to be distilled

104‧‧‧液氣分離器 104‧‧‧liquid-gas separator

104a‧‧‧蒸氣輸入口 104a‧‧‧Steam inlet

104b‧‧‧氣體輸出口 104b‧‧‧gas outlet

104c‧‧‧液體輸出口 104c‧‧‧Liquid outlet

105‧‧‧熱交換器 105‧‧‧ heat exchanger

106‧‧‧真空泵 106‧‧‧Vacuum pump

108‧‧‧冷凝裝置 108‧‧‧Condensation device

120‧‧‧待蒸餾液體 120‧‧‧ liquid to be distilled

140‧‧‧控制器 140‧‧‧Controller

140a‧‧‧溫度感測器 140a‧‧‧temperature sensor

140b‧‧‧溫度感測器 140b‧‧‧temperature sensor

140c‧‧‧溫度感測器 140c‧‧‧temperature sensor

150‧‧‧熱泵系統 150‧‧‧ heat pump system

150a‧‧‧加熱加壓裝置 150a‧‧‧heating and pressing device

150b‧‧‧輸入管 150b‧‧‧ input tube

150c‧‧‧輸出管 150c‧‧‧ output tube

150d‧‧‧蒸發器 150d‧‧‧Evaporator

150e‧‧‧膨脹閥 150e‧‧‧Expansion valve

202‧‧‧階段 202‧‧‧stage

204‧‧‧階段 204‧‧‧stage

Pc‧‧‧壓力 P c ‧‧‧ pressure

Pe‧‧‧壓力 P e ‧‧‧ pressure

QH‧‧‧熱量 Q H ‧‧‧ heat

QL‧‧‧熱量 Q L ‧‧‧ heat

W‧‧‧作功 W‧‧‧ work

為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例能更明顯易懂，所附圖式之說明如下：第1圖係繪示依照本發明一實施例之一種蒸餾系統的平面示意圖；以及第2圖係繪示依照本發明一實施例之一種蒸餾系統的階段圖。 In order to make the above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the drawings are described as follows: FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a distillation system according to an embodiment of the present invention; And FIG. 2 is a stage diagram of a distillation system according to an embodiment of the invention.

為了使本發明之敘述更加詳盡與完備，可參照所附之圖式及以下所述各種實施例，圖式中相同之號碼代表相同或相似之元件。另一方面，眾所週知的元件與階段並未描述於實施例中，以避免對本發明造成不必要的限制。 In order to make the description of the present invention more detailed and complete, reference may be made to the accompanying drawings and various embodiments described below. The same numbers in the drawings represent the same or similar elements. On the other hand, well-known elements and stages are not described in the embodiments to avoid unnecessary restrictions to the present invention.

於實施方式與申請專利範圍中，除非內文中對於冠詞有所特別限定，否則『一』與『該』可泛指單一個或複數個。 In the embodiment and the scope of applying for a patent, unless there is a special limitation on articles in the text, "a" and "the" may refer to a single one or plural ones.

請同時參照第1、2圖，第1圖繪示依照本發明一實施例之一種蒸餾系統的平面示意圖；第2圖係繪示依照本發明一實施例之一種蒸餾系統的階段圖。 Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2 at the same time. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a distillation system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a stage diagram of a distillation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

蒸餾系統100包含一蒸餾桶102用以容納一待蒸 餾液體120。待蒸餾液體120包含欲蒸餾的部份和欲留存的部分。若以工業廢水為例，待蒸餾液體包含欲蒸餾的水和欲留存的廢料、雜質等。然而，本蒸餾系統並不以蒸餾工業廢水為限。 The distillation system 100 includes a distillation tank 102 for containing a liquid 120 to be distilled. The liquid to be distilled 120 includes a part to be distilled and a part to be retained. Taking industrial wastewater as an example, the liquid to be distilled contains water to be distilled and waste materials and impurities to be retained. However, this distillation system is not limited to distilling industrial wastewater.

蒸餾系統100包含一熱交換器105，其位於蒸餾桶102內。熱交換器105用以允許傳熱介質循環於內，而能加熱蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120。 The distillation system 100 includes a heat exchanger 105 which is located in the distillation barrel 102. The heat exchanger 105 is used to allow the heat transfer medium to circulate therein, and can heat the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102.

蒸餾系統100包含一熱泵系統150，其用以加熱、輸出傳熱介質經熱交換器105以加熱蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120。熱泵系統150包含一加熱加壓裝置150a、一輸入管150b、一輸出管150c以及一蒸發器150d。加熱加壓裝置150a用以作功W至傳熱介質，亦即針對傳熱介質加熱加壓，並經輸入管150b將傳熱介質傳輸至熱交換器105。傳熱介質透過熱交換器105將熱量QH傳遞至較低溫的待蒸餾液體120，亦使傳熱介質降溫由氣態轉變成液態。熱交換器105亦可視為傳熱介質的冷凝器。接著，傳熱介質經膨脹閥150e經輸出管150c輸出至蒸發器150d。蒸發器150d用以從冷凝裝置108獲得的熱量QL將傳熱介質再由液態轉換成氣態，再循環回加熱加壓裝置150a。加熱加壓裝置150a可包含一加壓泵與一電加熱裝置等，但不以此為限。 The distillation system 100 includes a heat pump system 150 for heating and outputting the heat transfer medium through the heat exchanger 105 to heat the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102. The heat pump system 150 includes a heating and pressurizing device 150a, an input pipe 150b, an output pipe 150c, and an evaporator 150d. The heating and pressurizing device 150a is used to perform work to the heat transfer medium, that is, to heat and pressurize the heat transfer medium, and transfer the heat transfer medium to the heat exchanger 105 through the input pipe 150b. The heat transfer medium transfers heat Q H to the liquid 120 to be distilled at a lower temperature through the heat exchanger 105, and also changes the temperature of the heat transfer medium from a gas state to a liquid state. The heat exchanger 105 can also be regarded as a condenser of a heat transfer medium. Then, the heat transfer medium is output to the evaporator 150d through the output pipe 150c through the expansion valve 150e. The evaporator 150d is used to convert the heat transfer medium from the liquid state to the gaseous state by the heat Q L obtained from the condensation device 108 and recycle it back to the heating and pressurizing device 150a. The heating and pressurizing device 150a may include a pressurizing pump and an electric heating device, but not limited thereto.

在本案實施例中，傳熱介質可以是一種冷媒，但不以此為限。冷媒泛指各種熱機中藉以完成能量轉化的媒介物質，這些物質通常以可逆的相變(如氣-液相變)來增大功率。 In the embodiment of this case, the heat transfer medium may be a refrigerant, but not limited to this. Refrigerant generally refers to the media substances in various heat engines to complete the energy conversion. These substances usually increase the power by reversible phase changes (such as gas-liquid phase changes).

蒸餾系統100包含一真空泵106透過冷凝裝置108、液氣分離器104連接至蒸餾桶102，真空泵106用以降低待蒸餾液體120的沸點，使得待蒸餾液體120於較低的沸點即 能氣化蒸餾，進而節省加熱待蒸餾液體所需的能量。在本案的實施例中，蒸餾桶102經真空泵106降低後的內部壓力保持在-60kPa~-100kPa或-80kPa~-96kPa的範圍，但不以此為限。 The distillation system 100 includes a vacuum pump 106 connected to the distillation tank 102 through the condensation device 108 and the liquid-gas separator 104. The vacuum pump 106 is used to reduce the boiling point of the liquid 120 to be distilled, so that the liquid 120 to be distilled can be vaporized and distilled at a lower boiling point , And then save the energy required to heat the liquid to be distilled. In the embodiment of the present case, the internal pressure of the distillation tank 102 after being reduced by the vacuum pump 106 is kept in the range of -60 kPa to -100 kPa or -80 kPa to -96 kPa, but not limited to this.

蒸餾桶102具有一真空破壞閥102d，藉以控制蒸餾桶102內的負壓狀態。 The distillation tank 102 has a vacuum breaking valve 102d, so as to control the negative pressure state in the distillation tank 102.

蒸餾系統100更包含一液氣分離器104連接於蒸餾桶102與冷凝裝置108之間。液氣分離器104之蒸氣輸入口104a連接至蒸餾桶102之蒸氣出口102e。液氣分離器104之氣體輸出口104b連接至冷凝裝置108，藉以將蒸餾的氣體再冷凝回液態，蒸餾的氣體冷凝回液態所釋出的熱量QL，能提供蒸發器150d的熱能需求。液氣分離器104之液體輸出口104c則再接回蒸餾桶102。液氣分離器104用以分離出蒸氣中的液體，再流回蒸餾桶102內。 The distillation system 100 further includes a liquid-gas separator 104 connected between the distillation tank 102 and the condensation device 108. The vapor inlet 104a of the liquid-gas separator 104 is connected to the vapor outlet 102e of the distillation barrel 102. The gas outlet 104b of the liquid-gas separator 104 is connected to the condensing device 108, so as to condense the distilled gas back to the liquid state, and the heat Q L released by the condensation of the distilled gas back to the liquid state can provide the heat energy requirement of the evaporator 150d. The liquid outlet 104c of the liquid-gas separator 104 is then connected back to the distillation tank 102. The liquid-gas separator 104 is used to separate the liquid in the vapor, and then flows back into the distillation tank 102.

蒸餾桶102具有一補液口102b，另設有一補液閥102c於補液口102b，藉以控制工業廢水是否通過補液口102b補充至蒸餾桶102內。 The distillation tank 102 has a liquid supplement port 102b, and a liquid supplement valve 102c is provided at the liquid supplement port 102b, so as to control whether industrial waste water is replenished into the distillation tank 102 through the liquid supplement port 102b.

蒸餾系統100於蒸餾工業廢水可粗分為兩個階段(請參照第2圖中的階段202、204)，在初期的階段202時會透過補液閥102c不斷加入工業廢水到蒸餾桶102。隨著蒸餾時間加長，蒸餾桶102內的廢料、雜質不斷累積，而使欲蒸餾的部份占蒸餾桶內總待蒸餾液體的比例不斷遞減，使得單位時間能蒸餾輸出的蒸氣量亦不斷遞減。在階段204時，需要藉洩液閥102a將蒸餾桶102的高濃度待蒸餾液體120洩完，才能再回到階段202透過補液閥102c不斷加入工業廢水到蒸餾桶102，使蒸餾桶102容納廢料、雜質含量較低的工業廢水，單位時間 能蒸餾輸出的蒸氣才能維持在較高的量。 The distillation system 100 can be roughly divided into two stages in the distillation of industrial wastewater (please refer to stages 202 and 204 in FIG. 2). In the initial stage 202, industrial wastewater is continuously added to the distillation tank 102 through the replenishment valve 102c. As the distillation time increases, the waste and impurities in the distillation barrel 102 continue to accumulate, and the proportion of the part to be distilled in the total liquid to be distilled in the distillation barrel is continuously decreasing, so that the amount of steam that can be distilled per unit time is also continuously decreasing. At stage 204, it is necessary to drain the high-concentration to-be-distilled liquid 120 of the distillation tank 102 through the drain valve 102a before returning to stage 202 to continuously add industrial waste water to the distillation tank 102 through the refill valve 102c, so that the distillation tank 102 contains waste 1. For the industrial wastewater with low impurity content, the steam that can be distilled out per unit time can be maintained at a high amount.

目前蒸餾系統是以濃度計測量蒸餾桶102內待蒸餾液體120的濃度以決定蒸餾桶102整桶換液的時機。然而，濃度計的購置成本較高，部份使用者不願購置濃度計，只能藉經驗法則決定蒸餾桶102整桶換液的時機，但因工業廢水的種類、濃度不一，經驗法則決定的換液時機不準確率過高。若換液過度頻繁，換液耗費時間過多增加運作成本，若換液頻率太低，則使蒸餾液體於高濃度下蒸餾效率不佳。換液時機影響蒸餾系統之廢水蒸餾的整體耗能。 In the current distillation system, the concentration of the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102 is measured by a concentration meter to determine the timing of changing the liquid in the entire distillation tank 102. However, the purchase cost of the concentration meter is relatively high, and some users are unwilling to purchase the concentration meter. They can only use the rule of thumb to determine the timing of changing the liquid in the distillation tank 102. However, due to the different types and concentrations of industrial wastewater, the rule of thumb determines The inaccuracy rate of the fluid change is too high. If the fluid exchange is too frequent, the fluid exchange takes too much time and increases the operating cost. If the fluid exchange frequency is too low, the distillation liquid will have poor distillation efficiency at high concentrations. The timing of the fluid change affects the overall energy consumption of the distillation of the wastewater in the distillation system.

本發明觀察蒸餾系統的運作參數，發現到蒸餾桶102的待蒸餾液體120於較高濃度時，待蒸餾液體與熱交換器105內傳熱介質的溫度差值會越趨擴大。 The present invention observes the operating parameters of the distillation system, and finds that when the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102 is at a higher concentration, the temperature difference between the liquid to be distilled and the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger 105 will be more and more enlarged.

基於上述的發現，設置一第一溫度感測器140a於蒸餾桶102內，用以量測待蒸餾液體120的溫度，設置一第二溫度感測器140b於熱交換器105，用以量測位於熱交換器105內的傳熱介質的溫度。另設置一控制器140連接至第一溫度感測器140a與第二溫度感測器140b，藉以計算出第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差，進而監控溫度差的變化。 Based on the above findings, a first temperature sensor 140a is provided in the distillation tank 102 for measuring the temperature of the liquid 120 to be distilled, and a second temperature sensor 140b is provided in the heat exchanger 105 for measuring The temperature of the heat transfer medium located in the heat exchanger 105. A controller 140 is further connected to the first temperature sensor 140a and the second temperature sensor 140b, so as to calculate the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors, and then monitor the change of the temperature difference.

在本案的實施例中，第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差在0~15℃的範圍時(例如溫度差是10℃)，適用於進行上述的階段202，即透過補液閥102c不斷加入廢水到蒸餾桶102。補充廢水時機亦可以全自動化執行，即將控制器140連接至補液閥102c控制其開關。例如，控制器140可於第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差超過10℃時開啟補液閥102c補充廢水，但本發明不以此為限。然而，因傳熱介質、蒸餾桶容 量、熱交換器效能、熱泵系統功率等因素的不同，上述溫度僅供參考，並無法適用於不同的蒸餾系統。 In the embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors is in the range of 0 to 15°C (for example, the temperature difference is 10°C), it is suitable for performing the above-mentioned stage 202, that is, through the refill valve 102c continuously adds waste water to the distillation tank 102. The timing of replenishing wastewater can also be fully automated, that is, the controller 140 is connected to the refill valve 102c to control its switch. For example, the controller 140 may open the refill valve 102c to replenish waste water when the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors exceeds 10°C, but the invention is not limited to this. However, due to different factors such as heat transfer medium, distillation tank capacity, heat exchanger performance, heat pump system power, etc., the above temperatures are for reference only and cannot be applied to different distillation systems.

蒸餾系統的監控者可於第一、二溫度感測器(140a、140b)所量測的溫度差擴大至某預定值時(例如第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差是高於或等於15℃的某預定值)，手動開啟洩液閥102a以洩光蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120。 The monitor of the distillation system can expand the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors (140a, 140b) to a certain predetermined value (for example, the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors is high At or equal to a certain predetermined value of 15°C), manually open the drain valve 102a to drain the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102.

上述換液時機亦可以全自動化執行，即將控制器140連接至洩液閥102a控制其開關。控制器140用以於第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差擴大至某預定值時，開啟洩液閥102a以洩光蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120。 The timing of the fluid replacement can also be fully automated, that is, the controller 140 is connected to the drain valve 102a to control its switch. The controller 140 is used to open the drain valve 102a to drain the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102 when the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors expands to a predetermined value.

另一種決定整桶換液的時機，可以是量測熱泵系統150所輸出的傳熱介質的溫度。設置一第三溫度感測器140c於熱泵系統150的傳熱介質輸出口，藉以量測傳熱介質的溫度。當前述第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差擴大時，第三溫度感測器140c所量測傳熱介質的溫度亦會不斷提高。在本案的實施例中，當第三溫度感測器140c所量測傳熱介質的溫度到達90℃~115℃的範圍時，手動開啟洩液閥102a以洩光蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120。 Another time to determine the fluid change of the entire barrel may be to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium output by the heat pump system 150. A third temperature sensor 140c is provided at the heat transfer medium output port of the heat pump system 150 to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium. When the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors increases, the temperature of the heat transfer medium measured by the third temperature sensor 140c will continue to increase. In the embodiment of the present case, when the temperature of the heat transfer medium measured by the third temperature sensor 140c reaches the range of 90°C to 115°C, the drain valve 102a is manually opened to drain off the liquid to be distilled in the distillation tank 102 120.

上述換液時機亦可以全自動化執行，即將控制器140連接至洩液閥102a控制其開關。控制器140用以於第三溫度感測器140c所量測傳熱介質的溫度到達至某預定範圍時，開啟洩液閥102a以洩光蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120。 The timing of the fluid replacement can also be fully automated, that is, the controller 140 is connected to the drain valve 102a to control its switch. The controller 140 is used to open the drain valve 102a to drain the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102 when the temperature of the heat transfer medium measured by the third temperature sensor 140c reaches a predetermined range.

在本發明的蒸餾系統中，當待蒸餾液體120濃度升高時，亦即含水量下降，此時水分蒸發量減少導致待蒸餾液 體溫度上升，進而造成傳熱介質的冷凝壓力上升。另在待蒸餾液體120濃度越高時，亦會因水分蒸發量減少，造成蒸發器105d從冷凝裝置108獲得的熱量QL降低。當QL降低時，蒸發器105d的輸出壓力Pe變小且從熱泵系統150輸出的傳熱介質壓力Pc不變的情形下，造成本發明的蒸餾系統的壓縮比(Pc/Pe)變大，從熱泵系統150輸出的傳熱介質溫度也隨著變大。如果要降低蒸餾系統的壓縮比，就必須要提高從熱泵系統150輸出的傳熱介質壓力Pc，即提高從熱泵系統150輸出的傳熱介質溫度。再者，依照QH=QL+W的運作原則，當QL降低時，為保持送入蒸發桶102的熱量QH一致，必須要增加熱泵系統的作功W，即提高從熱泵系統150輸出的傳熱介質壓力PC，也是提高從熱泵系統150輸出的傳熱介質溫度，因此當待蒸餾液體120濃度升高時，第三溫度感測器140c所量測傳熱介質的溫度亦會不斷提高，亦或前述第一、二溫度感測器(140a、140b)所量測的溫度差亦會不斷擴大。 In the distillation system of the present invention, when the concentration of the liquid 120 to be distilled increases, that is, the water content decreases, at this time, the reduction in the evaporation of water causes the temperature of the liquid to be distilled to rise, which in turn causes the condensation pressure of the heat transfer medium to rise. In addition, when the concentration of the liquid 120 to be distilled is higher, the amount of evaporated water decreases, which causes the heat Q L obtained by the evaporator 105d from the condensation device 108 to decrease. When Q L decreases, the evaporator of the output pressure P e 105d becomes small and the heat transfer medium from the lower output pressure P c 150 of the same case the heat pump system, resulting in the distillation system of the invention the compression ratio (P c / P e ) Becomes larger, the temperature of the heat transfer medium output from the heat pump system 150 also becomes larger. If the compression ratio of the distillation system is to be reduced, the pressure P c of the heat transfer medium output from the heat pump system 150 must be increased, that is, the temperature of the heat transfer medium output from the heat pump system 150 must be increased. Furthermore, according to the operating principle of Q H =Q L +W, when Q L decreases, in order to keep the heat Q H sent to the evaporation barrel 102 consistent, it is necessary to increase the work W of the heat pump system, that is, to increase the heat pump system 150 heat transfer medium output pressure P C, the heat medium temperature is increased from the output of the heat pump system 150, 120 so that when the concentration increases the liquid to be distilled, a third temperature sensor 140c the measured temperature of the heat medium will With continuous improvement, or the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors (140a, 140b) will continue to expand.

蒸餾桶102的負壓或真空狀態可能妨礙洩液閥102a洩光蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120，因此控制器140可以連接至真空破壞閥102d及/或真空泵106控制其開關。控制器140用以於第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差擴大至某預定值時，停止真空泵106運作，並開啟真空破壞閥102d及洩液閥102a以洩光蒸餾桶102內的待蒸餾液體120。 The negative pressure or vacuum state of the distillation tank 102 may prevent the drain valve 102a from leaking the liquid 120 to be distilled in the distillation tank 102, so the controller 140 may be connected to the vacuum breaking valve 102d and/or the vacuum pump 106 to control its switching. The controller 140 is used to stop the operation of the vacuum pump 106 when the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors expands to a predetermined value, and to open the vacuum breaking valve 102d and the drain valve 102a to drain the light in the distillation tank 102的的待待液120。 The liquid to be distilled 120.

關於換液時機，本發明提供兩種溫度差條件。第一種是第一、二溫度感測器所量測的某較高的溫度差範圍；另一種是傳熱介質於高壓溫度下(即第三溫度感測器140c所量測之傳熱介質的溫度)，第一、二溫度感測器所量測的某較高的 溫度差範圍。上述兩種溫度差條件均表示待蒸餾液體與熱交換器之間的熱交換效率處於較差的狀況，使廢水蒸餾的整體耗能提高。雖然提供上述兩種溫度差條件，本發明仍不以此作為換液時機為限。 Regarding the timing of fluid exchange, the present invention provides two temperature difference conditions. The first is a higher temperature difference range measured by the first and second temperature sensors; the other is the heat transfer medium measured by the third temperature sensor 140c under high pressure temperature Temperature), a higher temperature difference range measured by the first and second temperature sensors. The above two temperature difference conditions indicate that the heat exchange efficiency between the liquid to be distilled and the heat exchanger is in a poor state, which increases the overall energy consumption of wastewater distillation. Although the above two temperature difference conditions are provided, the present invention is not limited to this as the timing of the liquid change.

綜上所述，本發明之蒸餾系統藉待蒸餾液體與熱交換器內傳熱介質的溫度差值以決定換液時機，並設置一第一溫度感測器以量測待蒸餾液體的溫度，設置一第二溫度感測器以量測位於熱交換器內的傳熱介質的溫度。另設置一控制器連接至第一溫度感測器與第二溫度感測器，藉以計算出第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差，進而監控溫度差的變化並決定換液時機。 In summary, the distillation system of the present invention uses the temperature difference between the liquid to be distilled and the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger to determine the timing of liquid replacement, and a first temperature sensor is provided to measure the temperature of the liquid to be distilled. A second temperature sensor is provided to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium located in the heat exchanger. A controller is also connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, so as to calculate the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors, and then monitor the change of the temperature difference and determine the timing of fluid change .

雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，於不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in an embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with this skill can make various modifications and retouching without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so the protection of the present invention The scope shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

100‧‧‧蒸餾系統 100‧‧‧ Distillation system

102‧‧‧蒸餾桶 102‧‧‧Distillation barrel

102a‧‧‧洩液閥 102a‧‧‧Drain valve

102b‧‧‧補液口 102b‧‧‧Rehydration port

102c‧‧‧補液閥 102c‧‧‧Refill valve

102d‧‧‧真空破壞閥 102d‧‧‧Vacuum Breaking Valve

102e‧‧‧蒸氣出口 102e‧‧‧Steam outlet

120‧‧‧待蒸餾液體 120‧‧‧ liquid to be distilled

104‧‧‧液氣分離器 104‧‧‧liquid-gas separator

104a‧‧‧蒸氣輸入口 104a‧‧‧Steam inlet

104b‧‧‧氣體輸出口 104b‧‧‧gas outlet

104c‧‧‧液體輸出口 104c‧‧‧Liquid outlet

105‧‧‧熱交換器 105‧‧‧ heat exchanger

106‧‧‧真空泵 106‧‧‧Vacuum pump

108‧‧‧冷凝裝置 108‧‧‧Condensation device

120‧‧‧待蒸餾液體 120‧‧‧ liquid to be distilled

140‧‧‧控制器 140‧‧‧Controller

140a‧‧‧溫度感測器 140a‧‧‧temperature sensor

140b‧‧‧溫度感測器 140b‧‧‧temperature sensor

140c‧‧‧溫度感測器 140c‧‧‧temperature sensor

150‧‧‧熱泵系統 150‧‧‧ heat pump system

150a‧‧‧加熱加壓裝置 150a‧‧‧heating and pressing device

150b‧‧‧輸入管 150b‧‧‧ input tube

150c‧‧‧輸出管 150c‧‧‧ output tube

150d‧‧‧蒸發器 150d‧‧‧Evaporator

150e‧‧‧膨脹閥 150e‧‧‧Expansion valve

Pc‧‧‧壓力 P c ‧‧‧ pressure

Pe‧‧‧壓力 P e ‧‧‧ pressure

QH‧‧‧熱量 Q H ‧‧‧ heat

QL‧‧‧熱量 Q L ‧‧‧ heat

W‧‧‧作功 W‧‧‧ work

Claims (10)

一種蒸餾系統，包含：一蒸餾桶，用以容納一待蒸餾液體；一熱交換器，位於該蒸餾桶內；一熱泵系統，用以輸出一傳熱介質經該熱交換器以加熱該待蒸餾液體；一第一溫度感測器，用以量測該待蒸餾液體的溫度；一第二溫度感測器，用以量測位於該熱交換器內的該傳熱介質的溫度；以及一控制器，連接至該第一溫度感測器與該第二溫度感測器，藉以計算出該第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差。 A distillation system includes: a distillation barrel for containing a liquid to be distilled; a heat exchanger located in the distillation barrel; and a heat pump system for outputting a heat transfer medium through the heat exchanger to heat the to be distilled Liquid; a first temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the liquid to be distilled; a second temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger; and a control Connected to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor to calculate the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors. 如請求項1所述之蒸餾系統，其中該傳熱介質為一冷媒。 The distillation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer medium is a refrigerant. 如請求項1所述之蒸餾系統，其中該熱泵系統包含一加熱加壓裝置，用以加熱該傳熱介質轉換成氣態。 The distillation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump system includes a heating and pressurizing device for heating the heat transfer medium into a gas state. 如請求項1所述之蒸餾系統，更包含一真空泵連接至蒸餾桶，該真空泵用以降低該待蒸餾液體的沸點。 The distillation system according to claim 1, further comprising a vacuum pump connected to the distillation barrel, the vacuum pump is used to reduce the boiling point of the liquid to be distilled. 如請求項1所述之蒸餾系統，更包含一液氣分離器連接於該蒸餾桶與該真空泵之間。 The distillation system according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid-gas separator connected between the distillation barrel and the vacuum pump. 如請求項1所述之蒸餾系統，其中該蒸餾桶具有一洩液閥。 The distillation system according to claim 1, wherein the distillation tank has a drain valve. 如請求項6所述之蒸餾系統，其中該控制器用以於該第一、二溫度感測器所量測的溫度差到達或大於一預定值時，開啟該洩液閥以洩出該蒸餾桶內的該待蒸餾液體。 The distillation system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is used to open the drain valve to drain the distillation tank when the temperature difference measured by the first and second temperature sensors reaches or exceeds a predetermined value The liquid to be distilled inside. 如請求項7所述之蒸餾系統，其中該預定值為15℃。 The distillation system according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined value is 15°C. 如請求項6所述之蒸餾系統，更包含一第三溫度感測器，用以量測該熱泵系統所輸出的該傳熱介質的溫度，該控制器用以於該第三溫度感測器所量測該傳熱介質的溫度到達一預定範圍時，開啟該洩液閥以洩出該蒸餾桶內的該待蒸餾液體。 The distillation system according to claim 6 further includes a third temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the heat transfer medium output by the heat pump system, and the controller is used for the third temperature sensor When the temperature of the heat transfer medium reaches a predetermined range, the drain valve is opened to drain the liquid to be distilled in the distillation tank. 如請求項9所述之蒸餾系統，其中該預定範圍為90℃~115℃。 The distillation system according to claim 9, wherein the predetermined range is 90°C to 115°C.
TW107129675A 2018-08-24 2018-08-24 Distillation system TWI666046B (en)

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