TW202004391A - Low-dropout shunt voltage regulator - Google Patents

Low-dropout shunt voltage regulator Download PDF

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TW202004391A
TW202004391A TW107117945A TW107117945A TW202004391A TW 202004391 A TW202004391 A TW 202004391A TW 107117945 A TW107117945 A TW 107117945A TW 107117945 A TW107117945 A TW 107117945A TW 202004391 A TW202004391 A TW 202004391A
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current mirror
switch
electrically connected
module
terminal
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TW107117945A
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TWI674493B (en
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明東 陳
惠禎 林
又法 王
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新加坡商光寶科技新加坡私人有限公司
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Abstract

An low-dropout shunt regulator is provided in the present disclosure, which includes a first current mirror module, a second current mirror module and an output module. A first terminal of the first current mirror module is electrically connected to the input voltage. The first current mirror module has a high output resistance. A first terminal of the second current mirror module is electrically connected to a second terminal of the first current mirror module. A second terminal of the second current mirror module is electrically connected to a reference voltage. An output terminal of the output module is electrically connected to a third terminal and a first terminal of the first current mirror module. A second terminal of the output module is electrically connected to the reference voltage.

Description

低壓降分流穩壓器 Low voltage drop shunt regulator

本發明是有關於一種低壓降分流穩壓器，且特別是一種在輸入電壓範圍具有低電流變化率的低壓降分流穩壓器。 The invention relates to a low voltage drop shunt regulator, and in particular to a low voltage drop shunt regulator with a low current change rate in the input voltage range.

在穩壓電路中，低壓降線性穩壓器是一種提供穩定電壓電流的電路，可接收大範圍的輸入電壓，例如5V~30V。 In a voltage regulator circuit, a low-dropout linear regulator is a circuit that provides a stable voltage and current, and can receive a wide range of input voltages, such as 5V~30V.

然而由於輸入電壓的範圍相當之大，低壓降線性穩壓器又需要提供一穩定的輸出電流，當輸入電壓是一高電壓時，由於一般低壓降線性穩壓器主要是利用電流鏡電路作為電流源，而傳統的電流鏡開關元件並不具有較高的輸出阻抗，相對地，在其內部消耗的能量也會因此提高。 However, because the range of the input voltage is quite large, the low-dropout linear regulator needs to provide a stable output current. When the input voltage is a high voltage, the general low-dropout linear regulator mainly uses the current mirror circuit as the current Source, and the traditional current mirror switching element does not have a high output impedance, and relatively, the energy consumed inside it will also increase.

因此，提供一種具有高輸出阻抗電流源的穩壓器，則是現在業界的一個重要課題。 Therefore, it is an important issue in the industry to provide a voltage regulator with a high output impedance current source.

有鑑於此，本發明實施例公開了一種低壓降分流穩壓器，用於轉換一輸入電壓為一輸出電壓，該低壓降分流穩壓器包括：一第一電流鏡模組，包括一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第一電流鏡模組的該第一端電性連接該輸入電壓，該第一電流鏡模組具有一高輸出阻抗；一第二電流鏡模組，包括一第一端以及一第二端，其中，第二電流鏡模組的該第一端電性連接該第一 電流鏡模組的該第二端，該第二電流鏡模組的該第二端電性連接一參考電壓；以及一輸出模組，包括一輸出端、一第一端以及一第二端，其中輸出模組的該輸出端電性連接該第一電流鏡模組的該第三端，該輸出模組的該輸出端以及該第一端分別電性連接該第二電流鏡模組，該輸出模組的該第二端電性連接該參考電壓。 In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a low-dropout shunt regulator for converting an input voltage to an output voltage. The low-dropout shunt regulator includes: a first current mirror module, including a first End, a second end and a third end, wherein the first end of the first current mirror module is electrically connected to the input voltage, the first current mirror module has a high output impedance; a second current The mirror module includes a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second current mirror module is electrically connected to the second end of the first current mirror module, the second current mirror module The second terminal of the group is electrically connected to a reference voltage; and an output module includes an output terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the output terminal of the output module is electrically connected to the first current mirror The third end of the module, the output end of the output module and the first end are electrically connected to the second current mirror module respectively, and the second end of the output module is electrically connected to the reference voltage.

綜上所述，在本發明中的低壓降分流穩壓器是利用結合低壓製程的第一電流鏡開關、第三電流鏡開關以及高壓製程第二電流鏡開關、第四電流鏡開關構成具有高輸出阻抗的電流鏡電路，以降低大幅度的輸入電壓範圍所造成的電流變化，更可以減少穩壓器內部消耗能量。另外，由於結合具有低壓製程的電流鏡開關以及具有高壓製程的電流鏡開關，更可以彈性地調整晶片布局。 In summary, the low voltage drop shunt regulator in the present invention is composed of a first current mirror switch, a third current mirror switch combined with a low voltage process, and a second current mirror switch and a fourth current mirror switch in a high voltage process. The current mirror circuit of the output impedance reduces the current change caused by the large input voltage range, and can also reduce the energy consumption inside the regulator. In addition, due to the combination of the current mirror switch with a low voltage process and the current mirror switch with a high voltage process, the chip layout can be adjusted more flexibly.

為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。 In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are described in detail below.

1‧‧‧低壓降分流穩壓器 1‧‧‧Low drop shunt regulator

11‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組 11‧‧‧ First current mirror module

12‧‧‧第二電流鏡模組 12‧‧‧ Second current mirror module

13‧‧‧輸出模組 13‧‧‧Output module

14‧‧‧啟動模組 14‧‧‧Start module

11-N1‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組的第一端 11-N1‧‧‧First end of the first current mirror module

11-N2‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組的第二端 11-N2‧‧‧The second end of the first current mirror module

11-N3‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組的第三端 11-N3‧‧‧The third end of the first current mirror module

12-N1‧‧‧第二電流鏡模組的第一端 12-N1‧‧‧The first end of the second current mirror module

12-N2‧‧‧第二電流鏡模組的第二端 12-N2‧‧‧Second end of the second current mirror module

13-N1‧‧‧輸出模組的第一端 13-N1‧‧‧The first end of the output module

13-N2‧‧‧輸出模組的第二端 13-N2‧‧‧The second end of the output module

14-N1‧‧‧啟動模組的第一端 14-N1‧‧‧Start the first end of the module

14-N2‧‧‧啟動模組的第二端 14-N2‧‧‧Start the second end of the module

14-N3‧‧‧啟動模組的第三端 14-N3‧‧‧Start the third end of the module

Out‧‧‧輸出端 Out‧‧‧Output

MP1‧‧‧第一電流鏡開關 MP1‧‧‧First current mirror switch

MP2‧‧‧第二電流鏡開關 MP2‧‧‧second current mirror switch

MP3‧‧‧第三電流鏡開關 MP3‧‧‧third current mirror switch

MP4‧‧‧第四電流鏡開關 MP4‧‧‧ fourth current mirror switch

MO1‧‧‧第一輸出開關 MO1‧‧‧ First output switch

MO2‧‧‧第二輸出開關 MO2‧‧‧Second output switch

MO3‧‧‧第三輸出開關 MO3‧‧‧third output switch

MO4‧‧‧第四輸出開關 MO4‧‧‧ fourth output switch

MN5‧‧‧第五電流鏡開關 MN5‧‧‧ fifth current mirror switch

MN6‧‧‧第六電流鏡開關 MN6 sixth current mirror switch

SWN1‧‧‧第一啟動開關 SWN1‧‧‧First start switch

SWN2‧‧‧二極體接法電晶體 SWN2‧‧‧diode connection transistor

SWN3‧‧‧第三啟動開關 SWN3‧‧‧third start switch

Ibias‧‧‧外部電流源 Ibias‧‧‧External current source

R1‧‧‧第一阻抗 R1‧‧‧ First impedance

R2‧‧‧第二阻抗 R2‧‧‧Second impedance

R3‧‧‧第三阻抗 R3‧‧‧third impedance

SW1‧‧‧第一開關 SW1‧‧‧ First switch

I‧‧‧虛線 I‧‧‧ dotted line

II‧‧‧實線 II‧‧‧Solid line

VCC‧‧‧輸入電壓 V CC ‧‧‧ input voltage

Vee‧‧‧參考電壓 Vee‧‧‧Reference voltage

圖1繪示為本發明實施例的低壓降分流穩壓器的示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low drop shunt regulator according to an embodiment of the invention.

圖2繪示為圖1中第一電流鏡模組的電路示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first current mirror module in FIG. 1.

圖3繪示為圖1中第二電流鏡模組的電路示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the second current mirror module in FIG. 1.

圖4繪示為圖1中輸出模組的電路示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the output module in FIG. 1.

圖5繪示為圖1中啟動模組的電路示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the startup module in FIG. 1.

圖6繪示為圖1第一電流鏡模組的電壓電流示意圖。 6 is a schematic diagram of voltage and current of the first current mirror module of FIG. 1.

在下文將參看隨附圖式更充分地描述各種例示性實施例，在隨附圖式中展示一些例示性實施例。然而，本發明概念可能以許多不同形式來體現，且不應解釋為限於本文中所闡述之例示性實施例。確切而言，提供此等例示性實施例使得本發明將為詳盡且完整，且將向熟習此項技術者充分傳達本發明概念的範疇。在諸 圖式中，可為了清楚而誇示層及區之大小及相對大小。類似數字始終指示類似元件。 In the following, various exemplary embodiments will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some exemplary embodiments are shown. However, the inventive concept may be embodied in many different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Rather, providing these exemplary embodiments will make the invention detailed and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the inventive concept to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity. Similar numbers always indicate similar components.

應理解，雖然本文中可能使用術語第一、第二、第三等來描述各種元件，但此等元件不應受此等術語限制。此等術語乃用以區分一元件與另一元件。因此，下文論述之第一元件可稱為第二元件而不偏離本發明概念之教示。如本文中所使用，術語「及/或」包括相關聯之列出項目中之任一者及一或多者之所有組合。 It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Therefore, the first element discussed below may be referred to as the second element without departing from the teachings of the inventive concept. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

以下將以至少一種實施例配合圖式來說明所述穩壓器，然而，下述實施例並非用以限制本揭露內容。 The following will describe the voltage regulator with at least one embodiment and drawings, however, the following embodiments are not intended to limit the disclosure.

以下各開關元件的腳位敘述均根據各腳位的標記數字進行敘述。 The following pin descriptions of each switching element are described based on the marked numbers of each pin.

〔本發明低壓降分流穩壓器的實施例〕 [Example of low voltage drop shunt regulator of the present invention]

請參照圖1至圖5，圖1繪示為本發明實施例的低壓降分流穩壓器的示意圖。圖2繪示為圖1中第一電流鏡模組的電路示意圖。圖3繪示為圖1中第二電流鏡模組的電路示意圖。圖4繪示為圖1中輸出模組的電路示意圖。圖5繪示為圖1中啟動模組的電路示意圖。 Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-dropout shunt regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first current mirror module in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the second current mirror module in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the output module in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the startup module in FIG. 1.

低壓降分流穩壓器1包括一第一電流鏡模組11、一第二電流鏡模組12、一輸出模組13以及一啟動模組14。 The low-dropout shunt regulator 1 includes a first current mirror module 11, a second current mirror module 12, an output module 13 and a starting module 14.

在本實施例中，低壓降分流穩壓器1是一低壓降線性穩壓器(Low-dropout voltage regulator)，用於轉換一輸入電壓VCC為一輸出電壓VOUT。在本實施例中，輸入電壓VCC的範圍可以是0V~40V，例如：4.5V~30V，可根據實際需求進行調整，在本發明中不作限制。 In this embodiment, the low-dropout shunt regulator 1 is a low-dropout voltage regulator (Low-dropout voltage regulator) for converting an input voltage V CC to an output voltage V OUT . In this embodiment, the input voltage V CC may range from 0V to 40V, for example: 4.5V to 30V, which can be adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited in the present invention.

在本實施例中，第一電流鏡模組11包括一第一端11-N1、一第二端11-N2以及一第三端11-N3。第一電流鏡模組11的第一端11-N1電性連接輸入電壓VCC。 In this embodiment, the first current mirror module 11 includes a first terminal 11-N1, a second terminal 11-N2, and a third terminal 11-N3. The first end 11-N1 of the first current mirror module 11 is electrically connected to the input voltage V CC .

第二電流鏡模組12也包括一第一端12-N1以及一第二端 12-N2。第二電流鏡模組12的第一端12-N1電性連接第一電流鏡模組11的第二端11-N2。第二電流鏡模組12的第二端12-N2電性連接一參考電壓Vee。在本實施例中，參考電壓Vee為一接地電位，然而，可根據實際需求進行設計與調整，在本發明中不作限制。 The second current mirror module 12 also includes a first end 12-N1 and a second end 12-N2. The first end 12-N1 of the second current mirror module 12 is electrically connected to the second end 11-N2 of the first current mirror module 11. The second terminal 12-N2 of the second current mirror module 12 is electrically connected to a reference voltage Vee. In this embodiment, the reference voltage Vee is a ground potential, however, it can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited in the present invention.

輸出模組13包括一輸出端Out、一第一端13-N1以及一第二端13-N2。輸出模組13的輸出端Out電性連接第一電流鏡模組11的第三端11-N3，輸出模組13的輸出端Out以及第一端13-N1分別電性連接第二電流鏡模組12，輸出模組13的第二端13-N2電性連接參考電壓Vee。而穩壓器1則通過輸出模組13的輸出端Out提供輸出電壓VOUT。輸出電壓VOUT可為一固定電壓或是可變電壓，可根據實際需求進行設計與調整，在本發明中不作限制。 The output module 13 includes an output terminal Out, a first terminal 13-N1 and a second terminal 13-N2. The output terminal Out of the output module 13 is electrically connected to the third terminal 11-N3 of the first current mirror module 11, and the output terminal Out and the first terminal 13-N1 of the output module 13 are electrically connected to the second current mirror module, respectively In group 12, the second terminal 13-N2 of the output module 13 is electrically connected to the reference voltage Vee. The voltage regulator 1 provides the output voltage V OUT through the output terminal Out of the output module 13. The output voltage V OUT can be a fixed voltage or a variable voltage, which can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited in the present invention.

啟動模組14，包括一第一端14-N1、一第二端14-N2以及一第三端14-N3。啟動模組13的第一端13-N1電性連接輸入電壓VCC，啟動模組14的第二端14-N2電性連接參考電壓Vee，啟動模組14的第三端14-N3電性連接第二電流鏡模組12的第一端12-N1。 The startup module 14 includes a first end 14-N1, a second end 14-N2, and a third end 14-N3. The first terminal 13-N1 of the startup module 13 is electrically connected to the input voltage V CC , the second terminal 14-N2 of the startup module 14 is electrically connected to the reference voltage Vee, and the third terminal 14-N3 of the startup module 14 is electrically The first end 12-N1 of the second current mirror module 12 is connected.

其中，啟動模組14的第三端14-N3通過一第一阻抗R1與第一電流鏡模組11的第二端11-N2電性連接。輸出模組13的輸出端Out通過一第二阻抗R2與第二電流鏡模組12電性連接。 The third terminal 14-N3 of the starting module 14 is electrically connected to the second terminal 11-N2 of the first current mirror module 11 through a first impedance R1. The output terminal Out of the output module 13 is electrically connected to the second current mirror module 12 through a second impedance R2.

請參照圖2，第一電流鏡模組11包括一第一電流鏡開關MP1、一第二電流鏡開關MP2、一第三電流鏡開關MP3以及一第四電流鏡開關MP4。 2, the first current mirror module 11 includes a first current mirror switch MP1, a second current mirror switch MP2, a third current mirror switch MP3, and a fourth current mirror switch MP4.

第一電流鏡開關MP1具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第一電流鏡開關MP1的第一端電性連接第一電流鏡模組11的第一端11-N1。第二電流鏡開關MP2具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第二電流鏡開關MP2的第一端電性連接第一電流鏡開關MP1的該第三端，第二電流鏡開關MP2的第二端電性連接第一電流鏡開關MP1的第二端以及第二電流鏡開關MP2的第三端。第 二電流鏡開關MP2的第三端電性連接第一電流鏡模組11的第二端11-N2。第三電流鏡開關MP3具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第三電流鏡開關MP3的第一端電性連接第一電流鏡模組11的第一端11-N1。第三電流鏡開關MP3的第二端電性連接第一電流鏡開關MP1的第二端以及第二電流鏡開關MP2的第二端。第四電流鏡開關MP4具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第四電流鏡開關MP4的第一端電性連接第三電流鏡開關MP3的第三端。第四電流鏡開關MP4的第二端電性連接第三電流鏡開關MP3的第二端，第四電流鏡開關MP4的第三端電性連接第一電流鏡模組11的第三端11-N3。 The first current mirror switch MP1 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the first current mirror switch MP1 is electrically connected to the first end 11-N1 of the first current mirror module 11. The second current mirror switch MP2 has a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal. The first end of the second current mirror switch MP2 is electrically connected to the third end of the first current mirror switch MP1, and the second end of the second current mirror switch MP2 is electrically connected to the second end of the first current mirror switch MP1 and the first The third terminal of the two current mirror switch MP2. The third terminal of the second current mirror switch MP2 is electrically connected to the second terminal 11-N2 of the first current mirror module 11. The third current mirror switch MP3 has a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the third current mirror switch MP3 is electrically connected to the first end 11-N1 of the first current mirror module 11. The second end of the third current mirror switch MP3 is electrically connected to the second end of the first current mirror switch MP1 and the second end of the second current mirror switch MP2. The fourth current mirror switch MP4 has a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the fourth current mirror switch MP4 is electrically connected to the third end of the third current mirror switch MP3. The second end of the fourth current mirror switch MP4 is electrically connected to the second end of the third current mirror switch MP3, and the third end of the fourth current mirror switch MP4 is electrically connected to the third end 11- of the first current mirror module 11- N3.

在本實施例中，第一電流鏡開關MP1、第二電流鏡開關MP2、第三電流鏡開關MP3以及第四電流鏡開關MP4構成一電流鏡電路，接收輸入電壓VCC，提供一穩定電流至輸出端Out。 In this embodiment, the first current mirror switch MP1, the second current mirror switch MP2, the third current mirror switch MP3, and the fourth current mirror switch MP4 form a current mirror circuit, which receives the input voltage V CC and provides a stable current to Output terminal Out.

在本實施例中，第一電流鏡開關MP1、第二電流鏡開關MP2、第三電流鏡開關MP3以及第四電流鏡開關MP4為一P型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體(P-type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)。在本實施例中，第一電流鏡開關MP1以及第三電流鏡開關MP3是低壓製程的金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體。而第二電流鏡開關MP2以及第四電流鏡開關MP4則是高壓製程的金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體。另外，第一電流鏡開關MP1以及第二電流鏡開關MP2也可為一複合電晶體(composite transistor)。第三電流鏡開關MP3以及第四電流鏡開關MP4可以是一複合電晶體(composite transistor)，其在本發明中不作限制。 In this embodiment, the first current mirror switch MP1, the second current mirror switch MP2, the third current mirror switch MP3, and the fourth current mirror switch MP4 are a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (P-type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor). In this embodiment, the first current mirror switch MP1 and the third current mirror switch MP3 are metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors of a low voltage process. The second current mirror switch MP2 and the fourth current mirror switch MP4 are metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors in a high voltage process. In addition, the first current mirror switch MP1 and the second current mirror switch MP2 may also be a composite transistor. The third current mirror switch MP3 and the fourth current mirror switch MP4 may be a composite transistor, which is not limited in the present invention.

在本實施例中，結合低壓製程的第一電流鏡開關MP1、第三電流鏡開關MP3以及高壓製程的第二電流鏡開關MP2、第四電流鏡開關MP4，可使穩壓器1的第一電流鏡模組11具有高輸出阻抗。也因此，穩壓器1在輸入電壓範圍(4.5V~30V)中，從低電壓改變到高電壓時，第一電流鏡模組11的輸出電流變化可以因此降低。 In this embodiment, the combination of the first current mirror switch MP1, the third current mirror switch MP3 of the low voltage process and the second current mirror switch MP2 and the fourth current mirror switch MP4 of the high voltage process can make the first of the voltage regulator 1 The current mirror module 11 has a high output impedance. Therefore, when the voltage regulator 1 changes from a low voltage to a high voltage in the input voltage range (4.5V to 30V), the output current change of the first current mirror module 11 can be reduced accordingly.

請參照圖3，第二電流鏡模組12包括一第一開關SW1、一第五電流鏡開關MN5以及一第六電流鏡開關MN6。第一開關SW1具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第一開關SW1的第一端電性連接第二電流鏡模組12的第一端12-N1。第五電流鏡開關MN5具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第五電流鏡開關MN5的第一端電性連接一外部電流源Ibias以及第五電流鏡開關MN5的第二端，第五電流鏡開關MN5的第三端電性連接參考電壓Vee。第六電流鏡開關MN6具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第六電流鏡開關MN6的第一端電性連接第一開關SW1的第三端。第六電流鏡開關MN6的第二端電性連接第五電流鏡開關MN5的第二端。第六電流鏡開關MN6的第三端電性連接參考電壓Vee。 3, the second current mirror module 12 includes a first switch SW1, a fifth current mirror switch MN5, and a sixth current mirror switch MN6. The first switch SW1 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the first switch SW1 is electrically connected to the first end 12-N1 of the second current mirror module 12. The fifth current mirror switch MN5 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the fifth current mirror switch MN5 is electrically connected to an external current source Ibias and the second end of the fifth current mirror switch MN5, and the third end of the fifth current mirror switch MN5 is electrically connected to the reference voltage Vee. The sixth current mirror switch MN6 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first terminal of the sixth current mirror switch MN6 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first switch SW1. The second end of the sixth current mirror switch MN6 is electrically connected to the second end of the fifth current mirror switch MN5. The third terminal of the sixth current mirror switch MN6 is electrically connected to the reference voltage Vee.

在本實施例中，第五電流鏡開關MN5以及第六電流鏡開關MN6係構成一電流鏡電路。 In this embodiment, the fifth current mirror switch MN5 and the sixth current mirror switch MN6 constitute a current mirror circuit.

請參照圖4，輸出模組13包括一第一輸出開關MO1、一第二輸出開關MO2、一第三輸出開關MO3以及一第四輸出開關MO4。 Referring to FIG. 4, the output module 13 includes a first output switch MO1, a second output switch MO2, a third output switch MO3, and a fourth output switch MO4.

第一輸出開關MO1具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第一輸出開關MO1的第一端電性連接輸出模組13的輸出端Out。第一輸出開關MO1的第二端電性連接第一輸出開關MO1的第三端。第二輸出開關MO2具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第二輸出開關MO2的第一端電性連接第一輸出開關MO1的第三端。第三輸出開關MO3具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第三輸出開關MO3的第一端電性連接第二輸出開關MO2的第三端，第三輸出開關MO3的第二端電性連接第二輸出開關MO2的第二端。第三輸出開關MO3的第三端電性連接參考電壓Vee。第四輸出開關MO4具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第四輸出開關MO4的第一端電性連接輸出模組13的輸出端Out。第四輸出開關MO4的第二端電性連接第二輸出開關MO2的第三端以及 第三輸出開關MO3的第一端。第四輸出開關MO4的第三端電性連接參考電壓Vee。第二輸出開關MO2的第二端以及第三輸出開關MO3的第二端電性連接第二電流鏡模組12的第五電流鏡開關MN5的第二端以及第六電流鏡開關MN6的第二端。 The first output switch MO1 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the first output switch MO1 is electrically connected to the output end Out of the output module 13. The second terminal of the first output switch MO1 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first output switch MO1. The second output switch MO2 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first terminal of the second output switch MO2 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first output switch MO1. The third output switch MO3 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the third output switch MO3 is electrically connected to the third end of the second output switch MO2, and the second end of the third output switch MO3 is electrically connected to the second end of the second output switch MO2. The third terminal of the third output switch MO3 is electrically connected to the reference voltage Vee. The fourth output switch MO4 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the fourth output switch MO4 is electrically connected to the output end Out of the output module 13. The second terminal of the fourth output switch MO4 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the second output switch MO2 and the first terminal of the third output switch MO3. The third terminal of the fourth output switch MO4 is electrically connected to the reference voltage Vee. The second end of the second output switch MO2 and the second end of the third output switch MO3 are electrically connected to the second end of the fifth current mirror switch MN5 of the second current mirror module 12 and the second end of the sixth current mirror switch MN6 end.

此外，輸出模組13的輸出端Out通過一第二阻抗R2與第二電流鏡模組12的第一開關SW1的第二端電性連接。也就是，在本實施例中，第一開關SW1是以輸出端Out的輸出電壓VOUT作為偏壓電壓，由於輸出電壓VOUT是一穩定電壓，可確保第一開關SW1能夠在極低的輸入電壓VCC的時候，也能持續開啟。 In addition, the output terminal Out of the output module 13 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch SW1 of the second current mirror module 12 through a second impedance R2. That is, in this embodiment, the first switch SW1 uses the output voltage V OUT of the output terminal Out as a bias voltage. Since the output voltage V OUT is a stable voltage, it can ensure that the first switch SW1 can input at a very low input When the voltage is V CC , it can be turned on continuously.

本實施例中，輸出模組13的第一輸出開關MO1、第二輸出開關MO2以及第二電流鏡模組12的第五電流源開關MN5係作為建立穩壓器1的輸出電壓VOUT的主要元件。 In this embodiment, the first output switch MO1, the second output switch MO2 of the output module 13 and the fifth current source switch MN5 of the second current mirror module 12 are used to establish the output voltage V OUT of the regulator 1 element.

此外，第二輸出開關MO2以及第三輸出開關MO3係構成一AB級放大器，用於控制第四輸出開關MO4的開啟關閉，以控制輸出端Out的輸出電壓VOUT的高低。 In addition, the second output switch MO2 and the third output switch MO3 form an AB class amplifier for controlling the opening and closing of the fourth output switch MO4 to control the level of the output voltage V OUT of the output terminal Out.

請參照圖5，啟動模組14包括一第一啟動開關SWN1、一二極體接法電晶體SWN2以及一第三啟動開關SWN3。 5, the activation module 14 includes a first activation switch SWN1, a diode-connected transistor SWN2, and a third activation switch SWN3.

第一啟動開關SWN1具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第一啟動開關SWN1的第一端通過一第三阻抗R3電性連接至啟動模組14的第一端14-N1，第一啟動開關SWN1的第二端電性連接至第二電流鏡模組12的第一開關SW1的第二端。第一啟動開關SWN1的第三端電性連接啟動模組14的第二端14-N2。 The first activation switch SWN1 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the first start switch SWN1 is electrically connected to the first end 14-N1 of the start module 14 through a third impedance R3, and the second end of the first start switch SWN1 is electrically connected to the second current mirror module 12 is the second terminal of the first switch SW1. The third terminal of the first activation switch SWN1 is electrically connected to the second terminal 14-N2 of the activation module 14.

二極體接法電晶體SWN2具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。二極體接法電晶體SWN2的第一端電性連接第一啟動開關SWN1的第一端以及二極體接法電晶體SWN2的第二端，二極體接法電晶體SWN2的第三端電性連接啟動模組14的第二端14-N2。 The diode-connected transistor SWN2 has a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the diode-connected transistor SWN2 is electrically connected to the first end of the first start switch SWN1 and the second end of the diode-connected transistor SWN2, and the third end of the diode-connected transistor SWN2 The second end 14-N2 of the starting module 14 is electrically connected.

第三啟動開關SWN3具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端。第三啟動開關SWN3的第一端電性連接啟動模組14的第三端 14-N3。第三啟動開關SWN3的第二端電性連接第一啟動開關SWN1的第一端以及二極體接法電晶體SWN2的第一端，第三啟動開關SWN3的第三端電性連接啟動模組14的第二端14-N2。在本實施例中，第三啟動開關SWN3的第一端通過第一阻抗R1電性連接第一電流鏡模組的第二端11-N2。 The third activation switch SWN3 has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first end of the third activation switch SWN3 is electrically connected to the third end 14-N3 of the activation module 14. The second end of the third start switch SWN3 is electrically connected to the first end of the first start switch SWN1 and the first end of the diode-connected transistor SWN2, and the third end of the third start switch SWN3 is electrically connected to the start module The second end of 14 is 14-N2. In this embodiment, the first end of the third enable switch SWN3 is electrically connected to the second end 11-N2 of the first current mirror module through the first impedance R1.

在本實施例中，第一啟動開關SWN1、二極體接法電晶體SWN2以及第三啟動開關SWN3是作為啟動穩壓器1的功能。在其他實施例中，也可以利用其他電路進行啟動穩壓器1，在本發明中不作限制。 In this embodiment, the first start switch SWN1, the diode-connected transistor SWN2, and the third start switch SWN3 function as the start regulator 1. In other embodiments, other circuits may be used to start the regulator 1, which is not limited in the present invention.

請參照圖6，圖6繪示為圖1第一電流鏡模組的電壓電流示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of voltage and current of the first current mirror module of FIG. 1.

虛線I為先前技術的低壓降分流穩壓器，只具有單階電流鏡開關的電流鏡模組，在輸入電壓範圍中，對應輸入電壓的電流變化曲線，的輸出阻抗，實線II則為本發明實施例具有高輸出阻抗電流源的第一電流鏡模組的低壓降分流穩壓器，在輸入電壓範圍中，對應輸入電壓的電流變化曲線。本發明實施例的具有高輸出阻抗的第一電流鏡模組11的低壓降分流穩壓器1，其電流變化的程度較低。 The dashed line I is the prior art low voltage drop shunt regulator, only the current mirror module with a single-stage current mirror switch, in the input voltage range, the output impedance corresponding to the current change curve of the input voltage, the solid line II is based on The low voltage drop shunt regulator of the first current mirror module with a high output impedance current source in the embodiment of the invention corresponds to the current variation curve of the input voltage in the input voltage range. The low voltage drop shunt regulator 1 of the first current mirror module 11 with high output impedance according to an embodiment of the present invention has a low degree of current change.

〔實施例的可能功效〕 [Possible effects of the embodiment]

綜上所述，在本發明中的低壓降分流穩壓器是利用結合低壓製程的第一電流鏡開關、第三電流鏡開關以及高壓製程第二電流鏡開關、第四電流鏡開關構成具有高輸出阻抗的電流鏡電路，以降低大幅度的輸入電壓範圍所造成的電流變化，更可以減少低壓降分流穩壓器內部消耗能量。另外，由於結合具有低壓製程的電流鏡開關以及具有高壓製程的電流鏡開關，更可以彈性地調整晶片布局。 In summary, the low voltage drop shunt regulator in the present invention uses a first current mirror switch, a third current mirror switch combined with a low voltage process, and a second current mirror switch and a fourth current mirror switch in a high voltage process. The output impedance of the current mirror circuit can reduce the current change caused by the large input voltage range, and can also reduce the energy consumption of the low drop shunt regulator. In addition, due to the combination of the current mirror switch with a low voltage process and the current mirror switch with a high voltage process, the chip layout can be adjusted more flexibly.

以上所述僅為本發明之實施例，其並非用以侷限本發明之專利範圍。 The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention.

1‧‧‧低壓降分流穩壓器 1‧‧‧Low drop shunt regulator

11‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組 11‧‧‧ First current mirror module

12‧‧‧第二電流鏡模組 12‧‧‧ Second current mirror module

13‧‧‧輸出模組 13‧‧‧Output module

14‧‧‧啟動模組 14‧‧‧Start module

11-N1‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組的第一端 11-N1‧‧‧First end of the first current mirror module

11-N2‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組的第二端 11-N2‧‧‧The second end of the first current mirror module

11-N3‧‧‧第一電流鏡模組的第三端 11-N3‧‧‧The third end of the first current mirror module

12-N1‧‧‧第二電流鏡模組的第一端 12-N1‧‧‧The first end of the second current mirror module

12-N2‧‧‧第二電流鏡模組的第二端 12-N2‧‧‧Second end of the second current mirror module

13-N1‧‧‧輸出模組的第一端 13-N1‧‧‧The first end of the output module

13-N2‧‧‧輸出模組的第二端 13-N2‧‧‧The second end of the output module

14-N1‧‧‧啟動模組的第一端 14-N1‧‧‧Start the first end of the module

14-N2‧‧‧啟動模組的第二端 14-N2‧‧‧Start the second end of the module

14-N3‧‧‧啟動模組的第三端 14-N3‧‧‧Start the third end of the module

Out‧‧‧輸出端 Out‧‧‧Output

VCC‧‧‧輸入電壓 V CC ‧‧‧ input voltage

Vee‧‧‧參考電壓 Vee‧‧‧Reference voltage

R1‧‧‧第一阻抗 R1‧‧‧ First impedance

R2‧‧‧第二阻抗 R2‧‧‧Second impedance

Claims (11)

一種低壓降分流穩壓器，用於轉換一輸入電壓為一輸出電壓，該低壓降分流穩壓器包括：一第一電流鏡模組，包括一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第一電流鏡模組的該第一端電性連接該輸入電壓，該第一電流鏡模組具有一高輸出阻抗；一第二電流鏡模組，包括一第一端以及一第二端，其中，第二電流鏡模組的該第一端電性連接該第一電流鏡模組的該第二端，該第二電流鏡模組的該第二端電性連接一參考電壓；以及一輸出模組，包括一輸出端、一第一端以及一第二端，其中輸出模組的該輸出端電性連接該第一電流鏡模組的該第三端，該輸出模組的該輸出端以及該第一端分別電性連接該第二電流鏡模組，該輸出模組的該第二端電性連接該參考電壓。 A low-dropout shunt regulator is used to convert an input voltage to an output voltage. The low-dropout shunt regulator includes: a first current mirror module, including a first end, a second end, and a third End, wherein the first end of the first current mirror module is electrically connected to the input voltage, the first current mirror module has a high output impedance; a second current mirror module includes a first end and A second end, wherein the first end of the second current mirror module is electrically connected to the second end of the first current mirror module, and the second end of the second current mirror module is electrically connected to a Reference voltage; and an output module including an output terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the output terminal of the output module is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first current mirror module, the output The output end and the first end of the module are respectively electrically connected to the second current mirror module, and the second end of the output module is electrically connected to the reference voltage. 如申請專利範圍第1項之低壓降分流穩壓器，還包括：一啟動模組，包括一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中該啟動模組的該第一端電性連接該輸入電壓，該啟動模組的該第二端電性連接該參考電壓，該啟動模組的該第三端電性連接該第二電流鏡模組的該第一端。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of item 1 of the patent application scope also includes: a starting module including a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein the first end of the starting module is electrically The input voltage is electrically connected, the second terminal of the startup module is electrically connected to the reference voltage, and the third terminal of the startup module is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second current mirror module. 如申請專利範圍第2項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該啟動模組的該第三端通過一第一阻抗與該第一電流鏡模組的該第二端電性連接。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the third end of the starting module is electrically connected to the second end of the first current mirror module through a first impedance. 如申請專利範圍第1項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該輸出模組的該輸出端通過一第二阻抗與該第二電流鏡模組的該第一端電性連接。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of the first patent application, wherein the output terminal of the output module is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second current mirror module through a second impedance. 如申請專利範圍第2項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該第一電流鏡模組包括：一第一電流鏡開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端， 其中，該第一電流鏡開關的該第一端電性連接該第一電流鏡模組的該第一端；一第二電流鏡開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，該第二電流鏡開關的該第一端電性連接該第一電流鏡開關的該第三端，該第二電流鏡開關的該第二端電性連接該第一電流鏡開關的該第二端以及該第二電流鏡開關的該第三端，該第二電流鏡開關的該第三端電性連接該第一電流鏡模組的該第二端；一第三電流鏡開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，該第三電流鏡開關的該第一端電性連接該第一電流鏡模組的該第一端，該第三電流鏡開關的該第二端電性連接該第一電流鏡開關的該第二端以及該第二電流鏡開關的該第二端；以及一第四電流鏡開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，該第四電流鏡開關的該第一端電性連接該第三電流鏡開關的該第三端，該第四電流鏡開關的該第二端電性連接該第三電流鏡開關的該第二端，該第四電流鏡開關的該第三端電性連接該第一電流鏡模組的該第三端。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of claim 2 of the patent scope, wherein the first current mirror module includes: a first current mirror switch having a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein , The first end of the first current mirror switch is electrically connected to the first end of the first current mirror module; a second current mirror switch has a first end, a second end and a third end , The first end of the second current mirror switch is electrically connected to the third end of the first current mirror switch, and the second end of the second current mirror switch is electrically connected to the first end of the first current mirror switch Two ends and the third end of the second current mirror switch, the third end of the second current mirror switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first current mirror module; a third current mirror switch has A first end, a second end, and a third end, the first end of the third current mirror switch is electrically connected to the first end of the first current mirror module, the The second end is electrically connected to the second end of the first current mirror switch and the second end of the second current mirror switch; and a fourth current mirror switch, having a first end, a second end and a The third end, the first end of the fourth current mirror switch is electrically connected to the third end of the third current mirror switch, and the second end of the fourth current mirror switch is electrically connected to the third current mirror switch The second end of the fourth current mirror switch is electrically connected to the third end of the first current mirror module. 如申請專利範圍第5項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該第二電流鏡模組包括：一第一開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第一開關的該第一端電性連接該第二電流鏡模組的該第一端；一第五電流鏡開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，該第五電流鏡開關的該第一端電性連接一外部電流源以及該第五電流鏡開關的該第二端，該第五電流鏡開關的該第三端電性連接該參考電壓；一第六電流鏡開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，該第六電流鏡開關的該第一端電性連接該第一開關的該第三端，該第六電流鏡開關的該第二端電性連接該第五電流鏡開關 的該第二端，該第六電流鏡開關的該第三端電性連接該參考電壓。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of claim 5 of the patent scope, wherein the second current mirror module includes: a first switch having a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein, the The first end of the first switch is electrically connected to the first end of the second current mirror module; a fifth current mirror switch has a first end, a second end, and a third end, the fifth The first end of the current mirror switch is electrically connected to an external current source and the second end of the fifth current mirror switch, and the third end of the fifth current mirror switch is electrically connected to the reference voltage; a sixth current The mirror switch has a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the sixth current mirror switch is electrically connected to the third end of the first switch. The sixth current mirror switch The second terminal is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fifth current mirror switch, and the third terminal of the sixth current mirror switch is electrically connected to the reference voltage. 如申請專利範圍第6項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該輸出模組包括：一第一輸出開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第一輸出開關的該第一端電性連接該輸出模組的該輸出端，該第一輸出開關的該第二端電性連接該第一輸出開關的該第三端；一第二輸出開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第二輸出開關的該第一端電性連接該第一輸出開關的該第三端；一第三輸出開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第三輸出開關的該第一端電性連接該第二輸出開關的該第三端，該第三輸出開關的該第二端電性連接該第二輸出開關的該第二端，該第三輸出開關的該第三端電性連接該參考電壓；一第四輸出開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第四輸出開關的該第一端電性連接該輸出模組的該輸出端，該第四輸出開關的該第二端電性連接該第二輸出開關的該第三端以及該第三輸出開關的該第一端，該第四輸出開關的該第三端電性連接該參考電壓。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of claim 6, wherein the output module includes: a first output switch having a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein the first The first end of the output switch is electrically connected to the output end of the output module, the second end of the first output switch is electrically connected to the third end of the first output switch; a second output switch has A first end, a second end and a third end, wherein the first end of the second output switch is electrically connected to the third end of the first output switch; a third output switch has a first One end, a second end, and a third end, wherein the first end of the third output switch is electrically connected to the third end of the second output switch, and the second end of the third output switch is electrically Is connected to the second terminal of the second output switch, and the third terminal of the third output switch is electrically connected to the reference voltage; a fourth output switch has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal Wherein the first end of the fourth output switch is electrically connected to the output end of the output module, the second end of the fourth output switch is electrically connected to the third end of the second output switch and The first terminal of the third output switch and the third terminal of the fourth output switch are electrically connected to the reference voltage. 如申請專利範圍第7項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該第二輸出開關的該第二端以及該第三輸出開關的該第二端電性連接該第二電流鏡模組的該第五電流鏡開關的該第二端以及該第六電流鏡開關的該第二端。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the second end of the second output switch and the second end of the third output switch are electrically connected to the second current mirror module The second terminal of the fifth current mirror switch and the second terminal of the sixth current mirror switch. 如申請專利範圍第8項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該輸出端通過一第二阻抗與該第二電流鏡模組的該第一開關的第二端電性連接。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of item 8 of the patent application, wherein the output terminal is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first switch of the second current mirror module through a second impedance. 如申請專利範圍第9項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該啟動模 組包括：一第一啟動開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第一啟動開關的該第一端通過一第三阻抗電性連接至該啟動模組的該第一端，該第一啟動開關的該第二端電性連接至該第二電流鏡模組的該第一開關的該第二端，該第一啟動開關的該第三端電性連接該啟動模組的該第二端；一二極體接法電晶體，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該二極體接法電晶體的該第一端電性連接該第一啟動開關的該第一端以及該二極體接法電晶體的該第二端，該二極體接法電晶體的該第三端電性連接該啟動模組的該第二端；以及一第三啟動開關，具有一第一端、一第二端以及一第三端，其中，該第三啟動開關的該第一端電性連接該啟動模組的該第三端，該第三啟動開關的該第二端電性連接該第一啟動開關的該第一端以及該二極體接法電晶體的第一端，該第三啟動開關的該第三端電性連接該啟動模組的該二端。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of item 9 of the patent application scope, wherein the startup module includes: a first startup switch with a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein the first The first end of the start switch is electrically connected to the first end of the start module through a third impedance, and the second end of the first start switch is electrically connected to the first end of the second current mirror module The second end of a switch, the third end of the first start switch is electrically connected to the second end of the start module; a diode is connected to the transistor, and has a first end and a second end And a third terminal, wherein the first terminal of the diode-connected transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first start switch and the second terminal of the diode-connected transistor The third terminal of the diode-connected transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the startup module; and a third startup switch has a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal, wherein, The first end of the third start switch is electrically connected to the third end of the start module, and the second end of the third start switch is electrically connected to the first end and the two poles of the first start switch The first end of the body transistor is body-connected, and the third end of the third start switch is electrically connected to the two ends of the start module. 如申請專利範圍第5項之低壓降分流穩壓器，其中，該第一電流鏡開關以及該第三電流鏡開關分別是一具有低壓製程的P型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體，該第二電流鏡開關以及該第四電流鏡開關分別是一具有高壓製程的P型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體。 For example, the low voltage drop shunt regulator of claim 5 of the patent scope, wherein the first current mirror switch and the third current mirror switch are respectively a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor with a low voltage process, the first The two current mirror switches and the fourth current mirror switch are respectively a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor with a high voltage process.
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