TW201900967A - Non-woven cellulose fabric with increased oil absorption capacity - Google Patents

Abstract

It is described a nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric (102) directly manufactured from a lyocell spinning solution (104). The fabric (102) comprises a network of substantially endless fibers (108), wherein the fabric (102) exhibits an oil absorbing capability of at least 1900 mass percent. It is further described a method and a device for manufacturing such a fabric (102), a product or composite comprising such a fabric, and various use applications for such a fabric (102).

Description

具有增加的吸油能力的非織纖維素纖維織物Non-woven cellulose fiber fabric with increased oil absorption capacity

本發明係關於非織纖維素纖維織物、製造非織纖維素纖維織物之方法、製造非織纖維素纖維織物之裝置、產品或複合物、以及使用此種織物之方法。The present invention relates to a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric, a method for manufacturing the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric, a device, a product or a composite for manufacturing the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric, and a method for using the same.

萊賽爾技術係關於將纖維素木漿或其他纖維素類原料直接溶解於極性溶劑(例如n-甲基啉n-氧化物(n-methyl morpholine n-oxide)，其亦表示為「胺氧化物(amine oxide)」或「AO」)以產生可轉變成一系列可用的纖維素類材料的黏性高度剪切減黏溶液(viscous highly shear-thinning solution)。商業上，該技術係用以製造廣泛用於紡織品工業的纖維素短纖族(可購自Lenzing AG, Lenzing, Austria，商品名為TENCEL®)。亦已使用來自萊賽爾技術之其他纖維素產品。Lyocell technology is about dissolving cellulose wood pulp or other cellulose-based materials directly in polar solvents (such as n-methyl N-methyl morpholine n-oxide, which is also referred to as "amine oxide" or "AO") to produce a highly viscous shear that can be converted into a range of useful cellulosic materials Viscous highly shear-thinning solution. Commercially, this technology is used to make a family of cellulose staple fibers that are widely used in the textile industry (available from Lenzing AG, Lenzing, Austria, under the trade name TENCEL®). Other cellulose products from Lyocell technology have also been used.

纖維素短纖(cellulose staple fiber)長期以來係用作為轉化成非織網(nonwoven web)之組分。不過，調整萊賽爾技術直接製造非織網會達到當前纖維素網產品無法企及的性質及性能。此可視為合成纖維工業中廣泛使用之熔噴(meltblow)及紡黏(spunbond)技術的纖維素版本，惟因重大技術差異之故，無法將合成聚合物技術直接調整用於萊賽爾。Cellulose staple fiber has long been used as a component for conversion into a nonwoven web. However, adjusting Lyocell's technology to directly manufacture non-woven webs will achieve properties and performance that cannot be achieved with current cellulose web products. This can be regarded as the cellulose version of the meltblow and spunbond technologies widely used in the synthetic fiber industry. However, due to major technical differences, it is not possible to directly adjust the synthetic polymer technology to Lyocell.

已進行很多研究以發展由萊賽爾溶液直接形成纖維素網的技術(尤其是，WO 98/26122、WO 99/47733、WO 98/07911、US 6,197,230、WO 99/64649、WO 05/106085、EP 1 358 369、EP 2 013 390)。其他技術係揭示於WO 07/124521 A1及WO 07/124522 A1。Much research has been conducted to develop techniques for directly forming cellulosic webs from lyocell solutions (in particular, WO 98/26122, WO 99/47733, WO 98/07911, US 6,197,230, WO 99/64649, WO 05/106085, EP 1 358 369, EP 2 013 390). Other technologies are disclosed in WO 07/124521 A1 and WO 07/124522 A1.

眾所周知纖維素材料更親水而非親油。在許多應用中，此為含纖維素產品的受讚賞的性質。然而，亦有許多喜親油性(分別為顯著的吸油能力)的(潛在)應用。此可改善纖維素材料用於已知應用的產品之可用性以及可使纖維素產品可應用於新的、目前未知之應用。It is well known that cellulosic materials are more hydrophilic than lipophilic. In many applications, this is an appreciated property of cellulose-containing products. However, there are also many (potential) applications that are lipophilic (respectively significant oil absorption capacity). This can improve the usability of products of cellulosic materials for known applications and make cellulosic products available for new, currently unknown applications.

需要改善纖維素材料，尤其是非織纖維素纖維織物(nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric)，之吸油能力。There is a need to improve the oil absorption capacity of cellulosic materials, especially nonwoven cellulose fiber fabrics.

可藉由根據獨立請求項的標的而滿足該需求。本發明之有利實施態樣係說明於附屬請求項。This need can be met by the subject matter of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

根據本發明第一態樣，提供非織纖維素纖維織物，尤其是由萊賽爾紡絲液(lyocell spinning solution)直接製造者。所提供之織物包含實質上無端(endless)之纖維的網狀結構(network)。該織物展現至少1900質量百分比之吸油能力。According to a first aspect of the present invention, a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric is provided, especially a direct manufacturer of a lyocell spinning solution. The provided fabric comprises a network of substantially endless fibers. The fabric exhibited an oil absorption capacity of at least 1900 mass percent.

所述之織物係基於以下概念：非織纖維織物或纖維網可被視為代表包含了在各種相鄰纖維之間形成的複數個孔洞或空隙之結構。在織物之原始非浸泡狀態，此等空隙係充滿空氣。當該織物吸油時，該等空隙則充滿(液態、半流體或糊狀)油或其大小至少大約合於個別空隙之大小的油脂顆粒。The fabric is based on the concept that a non-woven fabric or web can be considered to represent a structure that includes a plurality of holes or voids formed between various adjacent fibers. In the original non-soaked state of the fabric, these voids are filled with air. When the fabric absorbs oil, the voids are filled with (liquid, semi-fluid, or pasty) oil or grease particles whose size is at least approximately the size of the individual voids.

在該範例實體圖中，織物內之複數個空隙可被視為代表複數個可接收油於其中的毛細管籠(capillary cage)。在這方面，指出裝載/未裝載流體時，毛細管籠具有毛細管遲滯(capillary hysteresis)效應。此意指，相較於液體裝載籠(liquid loaded cage)的穩態(steady state)使液體進入該籠，會需要較高壓力(在接觸角大於90°之情況)或較高毛細管吸力(在接觸角小於90°之情況)。關於吸油之安定性，液態油顆粒處於彼等之空隙中的安定程度是重要的。具體而言，油顆粒愈安定地容納於空隙中，則吸油能力愈大。「容納(accommodation)」之安定性取決於毛細管條件，尤其是(a)分別取決於空隙、孔洞的大小，以及(b)取決於接觸角(根據基本物理原則係取決於所涉及之材料的表面性質)。此外，應該清楚的是，吸油能力的程度係取決於織物內之(大小適當的)空隙之密度。In this example solid diagram, the plurality of voids in the fabric can be considered to represent a plurality of capillary cages that can receive oil therein. In this regard, it is indicated that the capillary cage has a capillary hysteresis effect when loaded / unloaded with fluid. This means that compared to the steady state of a liquid loaded cage, which requires liquid to enter the cage, higher pressure (in the case of contact angles greater than 90 °) or higher capillary suction (in the case of When the contact angle is less than 90 °). Regarding the stability of oil absorption, the stability of the liquid oil particles in their voids is important. Specifically, the more stably the oil particles are contained in the gap, the greater the oil absorption capacity. The stability of "accommodation" depends on the capillary conditions, and in particular (a) depends on the size of the voids and pores, and (b) depends on the contact angle (depending on the basic physical principles, depending on the surface of the material involved) nature). In addition, it should be clear that the degree of oil absorption depends on the density of the (appropriately sized) voids in the fabric.

已發現，用於調整毛細管籠之大小的參數為所謂纖度值(titer value)，其指示纖維的直徑。織物或纖維網狀結構內不同之纖度值的情況下，可提供大量具有不同大小的毛細管籠以供吸收不同大小之油顆粒。平敘地說，在纖維製造方法中之一些調整可轉換成整體織物中之纖維的直徑分布之變化。The parameter used to adjust the size of the capillary cage has been found to be the so-called titer value, which indicates the diameter of the fiber. In the case of different fineness values in the fabric or fiber network structure, a large number of capillary cages with different sizes can be provided for absorbing oil particles of different sizes. To put it plainly, some adjustments in the fiber manufacturing method can be converted into changes in the diameter distribution of the fibers in the overall fabric.

已於此點提及，空隙之大小以及其幾何形狀均為對於待吸收於個別孔洞內的油顆粒之親和性(affinity)的參數。在這方面之進一步細節係於下文關於合併因子(merging factor)呈現，合併因子亦為對吸油能力非常重要的參數。It has been mentioned at this point that the size of the void and its geometry are parameters of affinity for the oil particles to be absorbed in the individual pores. Further details in this regard are presented below regarding the merging factor, which is also a very important parameter for oil absorption capacity.

為了測定織物之吸油能力(或液體吸收能力)，可使用機油根據Edana standard NWSP 010.4.R0(15)進行關於油及脂肪液體吸收之評估的分析。針對該分析，使用大小為10 cm x 10 cm之織物樣本。測定樣本之重量，並利用細繩將該樣本對角線地連接(diagonally connect)至一把尺。然後使樣本落入填充油的容器中。測量該織物被油潤濕所需的時間。隨後，將織物浸於油中120秒。然後，藉由抬高該尺將織物提離該油。之後，使油從該織物滴出為時30秒。測定經油潤濕之織物的重量，藉由從經油潤濕之樣本重量減去該織物樣本的原始重量並且計算所接收之吸收的油重量之質量%(相對於該織物樣本的乾重)以計算吸油能力。In order to determine the oil absorption capacity (or liquid absorption capacity) of a fabric, an analysis on the evaluation of oil and fat liquid absorption can be performed using engine oil according to Edana standard NWSP 010.4.R0 (15). For this analysis, a fabric sample with a size of 10 cm x 10 cm was used. The weight of the sample is measured, and the sample is diagonally connected to a ruler using a string. The sample was then dropped into a container filled with oil. The time required for the fabric to be wetted with oil was measured. Subsequently, the fabric was immersed in oil for 120 seconds. Then, lift the fabric away from the oil by raising the ruler. Thereafter, the oil was allowed to drip out of the fabric for 30 seconds. Determine the weight of the oil-wetted fabric by subtracting the original weight of the fabric sample from the weight of the oil-wetted sample and calculate the mass% of absorbed oil weight (relative to the dry weight of the fabric sample) To calculate the oil absorption capacity.

關於使用乳液(即，油性及水性組分之混合物)的實驗研究，水性組分進入毛細管空隙的吸取速度(suction speed)或芯吸速度(wicking speed)造成夾帶(entraining)或牽引(dragging)油性組分與水性組分一起。因此，就採用此等乳液的應用而言，亦會考慮該牽引效應。具體而言，要選擇織物之網狀結構的適當設計時，應考慮在所述織物結構與油或油性組分之間的毛細管效應(capillary effect)還有在所述織物之網狀結構與水性組分之間的毛細管效應。平敘地說，水性組分會將油性組分推或牽引通過所述織物與油顆粒之間的疏油性障壁(oleophobic barrier)，產生改良的吸油能力。因該液體處理性質之故，該效果尤其有利於可具有相對低之基重(base weight)的面罩。Experimental studies on the use of emulsions (i.e., mixtures of oily and aqueous components), the suction speed or wicking speed of aqueous components entering capillary pores causes entraining or dragging oiliness The components are together with the aqueous components. Therefore, for applications using these emulsions, this traction effect is also considered. Specifically, when selecting the proper design of the mesh structure of the fabric, consideration should be given to the capillary effect between the fabric structure and the oil or oily component, as well as the mesh structure and water of the fabric. Capillary effects between components. To put it plainly, the aqueous component will push or pull the oily component through the oleophobic barrier between the fabric and the oil particles, resulting in an improved oil absorption capacity. This effect is particularly advantageous for masks that may have a relatively low base weight due to the liquid handling properties.

實驗研究進一步顯示所述之織物在其空間結構中展現高度規律性(regularity)或有序性(orderliness)。該性質使得更容易藉由適當選擇製程參數值來調整空隙的大小及/或形狀。不受到特定物理理論限制，所述之織物的高度規律性或甚至結晶度(crystallinity)之物理原因可於萊賽爾纖維之顯著極性看出(基於每一單體單元的三個羥基)。製造所述之織物時，由於葡萄糖分子本身排列於包含數百個此等分子的鏈中(實際上無因任何另外的相似葡萄糖分子之污染)，獲得所提及的高度規律性。羥基形成氫橋(hydrogen bridge)的有序網狀結構，其使得能暸解所述之織物的下列性質：(a)高結晶度，(b)極高親水性，(b)高保水能力，(c)熱固性質(thermosetting property)(無熔點)，(s)凝聚能力(從水性N-甲基-啉(NMMO)溶劑)，及(e)與水分相關之固有抗靜電性能(moisture dependent inherent antistatic property)。Experimental studies have further shown that the fabric exhibits a high degree of regularity or orderliness in its spatial structure. This property makes it easier to adjust the size and / or shape of the void by appropriately selecting process parameter values. Without being bound by a specific physical theory, the physical reason for the high regularity or even crystallinity of the fabric can be seen in the significant polarity of Lyocell fibers (based on three hydroxyl groups per monomer unit). The mentioned high regularity is obtained when the fabrics are manufactured because the glucose molecules themselves are arranged in a chain containing hundreds of these molecules (actually without contamination by any other similar glucose molecules). The hydroxyl groups form an ordered network structure of a hydrogen bridge, which makes it possible to understand the following properties of the fabric: (a) high crystallinity, (b) extremely high hydrophilicity, (b) high water retention capacity, ( c) thermosetting property (no melting point), (s) cohesive ability (from water-based N-methyl- (NMMO) solvents), and (e) moisture dependent inherent antistatic properties.

指出藉由以適當方式控制萊賽爾紡絲液製造程序之製程參數，可已獲致所述之吸油能力而無需任何額外(進一步)的織物之處理，尤其是無需施加及/或使用任何額外的化學物質。此可提供之優點為包含所述之織物的最終產品自會無殘留任何此等化學物質。It was pointed out that by controlling the process parameters of the Lyocell dope manufacturing process in an appropriate manner, the stated oil absorption capacity can be achieved without any additional (further) treatment of the fabric, especially without the need to apply and / or use any additional Chemical material. This can provide the advantage that the final product containing the fabric described will not have any such chemicals remaining.

在本申請案之文中，用語「非織纖維素纖維織物(nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric)」(其亦可表示為非織纖維素長纖織物(nonwoven cellulose filament fabric))可特別表示由複數條實質上無端之纖維所構成的織物或網。用語「實質上無端之纖維(substantially endless fiber)」特別具有之意為具有比慣用短纖(staple fiber)明顯較長的長度之長纖(filament fiber)。在另一調配物中，用語「實質上無端之纖維」可特別具有之意為所具有的每體積之纖維末端量(amount of fiber ends per volume)明顯比慣用短纖還少之長纖所形成的網。特別是，根據本發明一例示實施態樣之無端纖維織物的每體積之纖維末端量(amount of fiber ends per volume)可為低於10,000個末端/cm³ ，特別是低於5,000個末端/cm³ 。例如，當使用短纖作為棉花的替代物時，其長度可為38 mm(相當於棉花纖維的典型天然長度)。相對地，非織纖維素纖維織物的實質上無端之纖維的長度可為至少200 mm，特別是至少1000 mm。然而，熟習本領域之人士咸瞭解，即使是無端之纖維素纖維亦會有中斷(interruption)，其可因纖維形成期間及/或之後的製程所形成。因此，相較於由相同丹尼(denier)之短纖所製成的非織物(nonwoven fabric)，由實質上無端之纖維素纖維所製成的非織纖維素纖維織物所具有的每質量之纖維數(number of fibers per mass)明顯較少。非織纖維素纖維織物之製造係可藉由紡製(spinning)複數條纖維以及藉由拉細(attenuating)及拉伸(stretching)該等纖維(朝較佳移動的纖維支撐單元(fiber support unit))。因而，形成纖維素纖維之三維(three-dimensional)網狀結構(network)或網(web)，構成非織纖維素纖維織物。織物可由以纖維素作為主要或唯一成分而製成。In the text of this application, the term "nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric" (which may also be referred to as a non-woven cellulose filament fabric) may particularly mean that a plurality of A fabric or net made of endless fibers. The term "substantially endless fiber" particularly has a meaning of a filament fiber having a significantly longer length than a staple fiber. In another formulation, the term "substantially endless fiber" may particularly have the meaning that it has an amount of fiber ends per volume that is significantly less than conventional staple fibers Net. In particular, the amount of fiber ends per volume of the endless fiber fabric according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be less than 10,000 ends / cm ³ , especially less than 5,000 ends / cm. ³ . For example, when using staple fiber as a substitute for cotton, its length can be 38 mm (equivalent to the typical natural length of cotton fibers). In contrast, the length of the substantially endless fibers of the nonwoven cellulosic fibrous fabric may be at least 200 mm, particularly at least 1000 mm. However, those skilled in the art understand that even unprovoked cellulose fibers can be disrupted, which can be caused by processes during and / or after fiber formation. Therefore, compared to non-woven fabrics made of the same denier staple fiber, non-woven cellulose fiber fabrics made of substantially endless cellulose fibers have The number of fibers per mass is significantly less. Non-woven cellulose fiber fabrics can be manufactured by spinning a plurality of fibers and by attenuating and stretching the fibers (fiber support unit moving towards a better )). Thus, a three-dimensional network or web of cellulose fibers is formed to form a nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric. Fabrics can be made with cellulose as the main or sole ingredient.

在本申請案之文中，用語「萊賽爾紡絲液(lyocell spinning solution)」可特別表示其中溶有纖維素(例如木漿或其他纖維素類原料)的溶劑(例如，諸如N-甲基-啉(NMMO)、「胺氧化物」或「AO」之材料的極性溶液)。萊賽爾紡絲液為溶液而非熔體。纖維素長絲(Cellulose filament)可藉由降低溶劑的濃度(例如藉由使長絲與水接觸)而由萊賽爾紡絲液產生。初由萊賽爾紡絲液產生纖維素纖維的程序可稱為凝聚(coagulation)。In the text of this application, the term "lyocell spinning solution" may particularly denote a solvent (e.g., such as N-methyl) in which cellulose (e.g., wood pulp or other cellulose-based materials) is dissolved. - (NMMO), "amine oxide" or "AO" polar solution of materials). Lyocell dope is a solution, not a melt. Cellulose filaments can be produced from Lyocell dope by reducing the concentration of the solvent (for example by contacting the filaments with water). The process of initially producing cellulose fibers from Lyocell dope can be referred to as coagulation.

在本申請案之文中，用語「氣流(gas flow)」可特別表示氣體(諸如空氣)流，實質上平行於纖維素纖維或其預形物(preform)(即，萊賽爾紡絲液)的移動方向(於萊賽爾紡絲液離開或已離開紡嘴時及/或之後)。In the text of this application, the term "gas flow" may particularly denote a gas (such as air) flow, substantially parallel to the cellulose fibers or their preforms (ie, Lyocell spinning solution) Direction of movement (when and after the lyocell dope has left or has left the spinning nozzle).

在本申請案之文中，用語「凝聚流體 (coagulation fluid)」可特別表示能夠稀釋萊賽爾紡絲液並能與溶劑交換至使能由萊賽爾長絲形成纖維素纖維之非溶劑流體(即，氣體及/或液體，隨意地包括固體顆粒)。例如，此凝聚流體可為水霧(water mist)。In the text of the present application, the term "coagulation fluid" may particularly denote a non-solvent fluid capable of diluting lyocell spinning solution and exchanging with a solvent to enable the formation of cellulose fibers from lyocell filaments ( That is, the gas and / or liquid, optionally including solid particles). For example, the condensed fluid may be a water mist.

在本申請案之文中，用語「製程參數 (process parameter)」可特別表示用於製造非織纖維素纖維織物的所有物理參數及/或化學參數及/或物質及/或裝置組件的裝置參數，其可對於纖維及/或織物之性質(特別是對於纖維直徑及/或纖維直徑分布)有所影響。此等製程參數可為能藉由控制單元自動調整及/或藉由使用者手動調整，從而調諧或調整非織纖維素纖維織物之纖維的性質。可對纖維之性質(特別是其直徑或直徑分布)具有影響的物理參數可為製程中所涉及之各種介質(諸如萊賽爾紡絲液、凝聚流體、氣流等)的溫度、壓力及/或密度。化學參數可為所涉及之介質(諸如萊賽爾紡絲液、凝聚流體等)的濃度、量、pH值。裝置參數可為孔之大小及/或孔之間的距離、孔與纖維支撐單元之間的距離、纖維支撐單元之輸送速度、提供一或多個視需要之就地後處理單元(in situ post processing unit)、氣流等。In the text of this application, the term "process parameter" may particularly denote all physical and / or chemical parameters and / or device parameters of substances and / or device components used to make the nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric, It can have an effect on the properties of the fibers and / or fabric, especially on the fiber diameter and / or fiber diameter distribution. These process parameters can be automatically adjusted by the control unit and / or manually adjusted by the user to tune or adjust the properties of the fibers of the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric. The physical parameters that can have an effect on the properties of the fiber (especially its diameter or diameter distribution) can be the temperature, pressure, and / or the various media involved in the process (such as Lyocell spinning solution, condensed fluid, air flow, etc.) density. The chemical parameters may be the concentration, amount, pH value of the medium involved (such as Lyocell spinning solution, condensed fluid, etc.). The device parameters can be the size of the holes and / or the distance between the holes, the distance between the holes and the fiber supporting unit, the conveying speed of the fiber supporting unit, providing one or more in-situ post-processing units as needed processing unit), airflow, etc.

用語「纖維(fiber)」可特別表示包含纖維素之材料的拉長件，例如橫斷面為大致圓形或不規則形，隨意地與其他纖維撚合。纖維可具有大於10、特別是大於100、更特別是大於1000之縱橫比(aspect ratio)。縱橫比為纖維的長度與纖維的直徑之間的比率。纖維可藉由合併(以形成整體多纖維結構(integral multi-fiber structure))或藉由摩擦(friction)(以使纖維保持分開但藉由在彼此實體接觸的該等纖維相互移動時所發揮的摩擦力而弱機械性耦合)互連而形成網狀結構。纖維可為實質上圓柱形，然而其可為筆直、彎曲(bent)、扭結、或成弧(curved)。纖維可由單一均質材料(即，纖維素)組成。然而，纖維亦可包含一或多種添加劑。液態材料(諸如水或油)可累積在纖維之間。The term "fiber" may particularly refer to an elongated piece of a material containing cellulose, for example, the cross-section is generally circular or irregular, and it is optionally twisted with other fibers. The fibers may have an aspect ratio of greater than 10, particularly greater than 100, and more particularly greater than 1000. The aspect ratio is the ratio between the length of the fiber and the diameter of the fiber. Fibers can function by merging (to form an integral multi-fiber structure) or by friction (to keep the fibers separated but by moving the fibers in physical contact with each other Friction and weak mechanical coupling) interconnect to form a network structure. The fiber may be substantially cylindrical, however it may be straight, bent, kinked, or curved. The fibers may be composed of a single homogeneous material (ie, cellulose). However, the fibers may also contain one or more additives. Liquid materials, such as water or oil, can accumulate between fibers.

根據本發明一實施態樣，織物包含的單位面積質量(mass per unit area)為小於150克/平方公尺，特別是小於100克/平方公尺，更特別是小於50克/平方公尺，又更特別是小於20克/平方公尺。According to an aspect of the present invention, the mass per unit area contained in the fabric is less than 150 g / m 2, particularly less than 100 g / m 2, and more particularly less than 50 g / m 2, Still more particularly less than 20 grams per square meter.

改善具有小的單位面積質量之織物的吸油能力，該等織物可具有可用於需要例如薄擦拭巾之各式各樣應用的優點。Improving the oil absorption capacity of fabrics with a small mass per unit area, these fabrics may have the advantage that they can be used in a wide variety of applications requiring, for example, thin wipes.

提及用語「單位面積質量(mass per unit area)」亦經常稱為基重(basis weight)。The term "mass per unit area" is often referred to as the basis weight.

根據本發明另一實施態樣，網狀結構展現之纖維的合併因子係在0.1%至100%之範圍，特別是在0.5%至10%之範圍。According to another aspect of the present invention, the consolidation factor of the fibers exhibited by the network structure is in the range of 0.1% to 100%, particularly in the range of 0.5% to 10%.

為了測定織物之合併因子(merging factor)(其亦可表示為區域合併因子(area merging factor))，可進行以下測定程序：光學分析織物之方形樣本(square sample)。在纖維之各合併位置(特別是合併點、合併墊及/或合併線)周圍畫出直徑必須完全待在該方形樣本內部的圓圈(越過該方形樣本之至少一對角線)。測定該圓圈的大小，使該圓圈涵括合併的纖維之間的合併區域。計算測定之圓圈的直徑之算數平均值。合併因子係計算為該平均直徑值與該方形樣本的對角線長度之間的比，可以百分比表示。In order to determine the merging factor of a fabric (which can also be expressed as an area merging factor), the following measurement procedure can be performed: a square sample of the fabric is optically analyzed. Draw a circle with a diameter that must be completely inside the square sample (at least one diagonal line crossing the square sample) around each merge position of the fiber (especially the merge point, merge pad, and / or merge line). The size of the circle is determined so that the circle encompasses the merged area between the merged fibers. Calculate the arithmetic mean of the diameter of the measured circle. The merging factor is calculated as the ratio between the average diameter value and the diagonal length of the square sample, which can be expressed as a percentage.

合併因子為零或0%係對應於織物無任何合併點，即，完全分開的纖維僅藉由纖維間之氫鍵結或摩擦而彼此相互作用。合併因子為一或100%係描述由形成諸如膜的連續結構之完全整合的纖維所構成之織物。藉由調整合併因子，亦可調整對應之織物的物理性質(特別是機械安定性)。A merge factor of zero or 0% corresponds to the fact that the fabric does not have any merge points, that is, completely separated fibers interact with each other only by hydrogen bonding or friction between the fibers. A merger factor of one or 100% describes a fabric composed of fully integrated fibers forming a continuous structure such as a film. By adjusting the merging factor, the physical properties (especially mechanical stability) of the corresponding fabric can also be adjusted.

藉由控制合併因子，可調整所得之織物的數種性質。在吸油能力方面，尤其可各控制纖維、長絲之間的孔洞。與纖維直徑變化組合，可獲致尤其是高的油或油脂吸收性之特定織物結構。By controlling the merging factor, several properties of the resulting fabric can be adjusted. In terms of oil absorption capacity, the holes between fibers and filaments can be controlled. In combination with fiber diameter changes, a specific fabric structure can be achieved, especially with high oil or grease absorption.

在一實施態樣中，(合併點之)合併位置係不對稱地及/或異向性地(anisotropically)遍布於織物。此意指織物之不同體積部分的合併因子、合併點之密度或表示纖維間之合併的局部發生程度之任何其他參數可為不同。例如，由兩層所構成之織物可由具有較大合併因子之一層與具有較小合併因子之另一層所構成。各層之合併因子的調整係可藉由調整或製程控制該層之形成且獨立地或不同地調整或製程控制另一層之形成。In one embodiment, the merging positions (of the merging points) are distributed asymmetrically and / or anisotropically throughout the fabric. This means that the merging factor for different volume parts of the fabric, the density of merging points, or any other parameter representing the degree of local occurrence of merging between fibers may be different. For example, a fabric composed of two layers may be composed of one layer with a larger merge factor and another layer with a smaller merge factor. The adjustment of the combination factor of each layer can control the formation of that layer through adjustment or process and independently or differently adjust or process control the formation of another layer.

根據本發明另一實施態樣，至少一些個別纖維係彼此撚合及/或至少一其他纖維結構係與另一纖維結構撚合。此可(進一步)改善所述之織物之機械安定性。According to another aspect of the present invention, at least some individual fiber lines are twisted with each other and / or at least one other fiber structure is twisted with another fiber structure. This can (further) improve the mechanical stability of the fabric in question.

在本文件的上下文中，「纖維結構(fiber structure)」可為包含至少兩纖維之任何纖維配置。因而，纖維可為至少部分彼此接觸的個別纖維。另外或是以及，纖維結構亦可為包含至少兩個在至少一個合併位置整合結合的纖維之結構。In the context of this document, a "fiber structure" may be any fiber configuration containing at least two fibers. Thus, the fibers may be individual fibers that are at least partially in contact with each other. In addition or in addition, the fiber structure may also be a structure including at least two fibers integrated in at least one merged position.

根據本發明另一實施態樣，織物展現至少2100質量百分比、特別是至少2300質量百分比、更特別是至少2500質量百分比(mass percent)之吸油能力(oil absorbing capability)。According to another aspect of the present invention, the fabric exhibits an oil absorbing capability of at least 2100 mass percent, particularly at least 2300 mass percent, and more particularly at least 2500 mass percent.

提及以適當製程參數值用於製造所述織物(其因彼之纖維素材料固有展現非常小的吸油能力)，可獲致與聚對酞酸乙二酯(PET)(性質為高度親油性材料)之吸油能力相同等級的吸油力。另外，所述之吸油能力甚至大於一些受測聚丙烯(PP)織物之吸油能力。Mentioning the use of appropriate process parameter values for the manufacture of the fabric (which inherently exhibits very little oil absorption capacity due to its cellulosic material) can be obtained with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (a highly lipophilic material in nature) ) Has the same level of oil absorption. In addition, the oil absorption capacity is even greater than the oil absorption capacity of some tested polypropylene (PP) fabrics.

根據本發明另一實施態樣，不同的纖維係至少部分位於不同的可區分的層。於此方面，「可區分的」尤其可意指至少在例如用電子顯微鏡所拍攝的影像內，織物顯示了於層之間可見的分離或界面區。According to another aspect of the present invention, different fiber systems are at least partially located in different distinguishable layers. In this regard, "distinguishable" may particularly mean that at least within an image taken, for example, with an electron microscope, the fabric shows a separation or interface region that is visible between the layers.

平敘地說，所述之織物展現具有至少兩個彼此堆疊形成的網狀結構層之多層結構。藉由以使各不同網狀結構層具有定性及/或定量上不同的功能性之方式來控制製程參數，可以特定方式針對許多特定應用訂製整體織物之物理及/或化學性質。此可顯著擴大所述之織物的技術適用性範圍。To put it plainly, the fabric exhibits a multi-layered structure having at least two layers of mesh structure formed on top of each other. By controlling the process parameters in such a way that different layers of the mesh structure have qualitative and / or quantitative functionalities, the physical and / or chemical properties of the overall fabric can be tailored in a specific way for many specific applications. This can significantly expand the range of technical applicability of the described fabrics.

可使用至少三層織物，例如用於擦拭巾，其中，內層可較佳浸有液體(尤其是油性液體)，其於使用期間以受控方式通過至少一個外層釋放。從而，個別層的不同功能性質可例如藉由選擇適當的纖維直徑之範圍來調整。At least three layers of fabric can be used, for example for wipes, wherein the inner layer can preferably be impregnated with a liquid (especially an oily liquid) which is released in a controlled manner through at least one outer layer during use. Thus, the different functional properties of the individual layers can be adjusted, for example, by selecting an appropriate range of fiber diameters.

提及關於堆疊的網狀結構層之最大數量並無主要限制。視具體應用而定，可製造由2至4或更多、例如5至20個堆疊之網狀結構層所組成的多層織物。There is no major limitation with regard to the maximum number of stacked mesh structures. Depending on the specific application, multilayer fabrics composed of 2 to 4 or more, for example 5 to 20 stacked mesh structure layers, can be manufactured.

相較於已知的多層織物，層間合併位置或層間合併點使得能在不使用任何額外的黏著材料(其本質上會含有某程度地穿入該兩網狀結構層中至少一者內部)下使兩層之間相互附接。此外，相互附接不仰賴任何一種纖維穿入指配給另一種纖維之層。因此，當某些應用中可能需要撕開這兩層時，會只有最少量之纖維斷裂，且該等纖維所附著的層之表面會實質上無邊緣(fringing)。此外，所需之撕開會只造成最少的纖維脫落(linting)。Compared to known multi-layer fabrics, the inter-layer merging position or inter-layer merging point makes it possible to use without any additional adhesive material (which essentially contains a certain degree of penetration into at least one of the two mesh structure layers) Attach the two layers to each other. In addition, mutual attachment does not depend on the penetration of any one fiber into the layer assigned to the other. Therefore, when it may be necessary to tear these two layers in some applications, only a minimum amount of fibers will break, and the surface of the layer to which these fibers are attached will be substantially fringing-free. In addition, the required tearing only causes minimal fiber linting.

因兩層的相互附接不需要額外的黏著材料之故，織物可以環境相容方式實現。具體而言，所述之多層織物可用於完全可生物降解(biodegradable)的產品。此外，相鄰層之間無任何額外的黏著材料(諸如黏合劑)可提供之優點為液體可無任何阻礙地擴展過個別層界面。Because the two layers are attached to each other without additional adhesive material, the fabric can be implemented in an environmentally compatible manner. In particular, the multilayer fabric can be used in fully biodegradable products. In addition, the absence of any additional adhesive material (such as an adhesive) between adjacent layers can provide the advantage that the liquid can expand across the individual layer interface without any hindrance.

根據本發明另一實施態樣，織物包含至少一下列特徵： 　　(a) 不同的層之纖維係於層之間的至少一個層間合併位置整合結合； 　　(b) 至少部分位於不同的層之不同的纖維的纖維直徑不同，特別是平均纖維直徑不同； 　　(c) 不同的層之纖維具有相同纖維直徑，特別是具有實質上相同的平均纖維直徑； 　　(d) 不同的層之纖維網狀結構提供不同的功能性，其中，不同的功能性尤其包含由下列所組成之群組的至少一者：不同的芯吸性(wicking)、不同的異向性(anisotropic behavior)、不同的液體吸收能力、不同的耐清潔性(cleanability)、不同的光學性質、不同的粗糙度(roughness)、不同的平滑度、以及不同的機械性質。According to another aspect of the present invention, the fabric includes at least one of the following characteristics: (a) fibers of different layers are integrated at least one inter-layer merge position between the layers; (b) at least part of the different Fibers have different fiber diameters, especially different average fiber diameters; (c) fibers in different layers have the same fiber diameter, especially with substantially the same average fiber diameter; (d) the fiber network structure of the different layers provides different Functionality, among which different functionality especially includes at least one of the group consisting of: different wicking, different anisotropic behavior, different liquid absorption capacity, different Cleanability, different optical properties, different roughness, different smoothness, and different mechanical properties.

如前文於項目(a)所述的層間合併位置可藉由續排(serially aligning)二(或更多)個噴嘴(具有孔，萊賽爾紡絲液透過彼擠出以供凝聚及形成纖維之)而產生。此種配置與移動的纖維支撐單元(諸如具有纖維容納表面之輸送帶)組合時，係藉由第一噴嘴於纖維支撐單元上形成第一層纖維，以及當該移動的纖維支撐單元到達第二噴嘴之位置時，第二噴嘴於該第一層頂部形成第二層。該方法的製程參數可經調整以使得於第一層與第二層之間形成合併點(merging point)。The inter-layer merging position as described in item (a) above can be achieved by sequentially aligning two (or more) nozzles (with holes, through which Lyocell spinning solution is extruded for aggregation and fiber formation). ()). When this configuration is combined with a moving fiber support unit (such as a conveyor belt with a fiber receiving surface), a first layer of fibers is formed on the fiber support unit by a first nozzle, and when the moving fiber support unit reaches a second When the nozzle is positioned, the second nozzle forms a second layer on top of the first layer. The process parameters of the method can be adjusted so that a merging point is formed between the first layer and the second layer.

在本案之文中，用語「合併(merging)」可特別表示不同的纖維在個別合併點之互連，其使得能形成由先前關連於不同層之先前兩個分開的纖維所構成之一整合結合纖維結構。互連纖維可於合併點彼此強力黏附。特別是，尚未因凝聚而完全固化或凝固的在形成之第二層的纖維可例如仍具有仍然呈液態萊賽爾溶液相且尚未呈完全固化之固態的外層或表面區。此預纖維(pre-fiber)結構彼此接觸然後完全固化成固態纖維狀態時，此可使得於不同的層之間的界面形成兩個合併的纖維。合併點之數目愈高，則織物之層間的互連安定性愈高。因而，控制合併能控制織物之層間結合的剛性(rigidity)。合併之控制係可例如藉由調整固化或凝聚之程度，在個別層之預纖維結構到達於下方的纖維層或預纖維結構上的纖維支撐板之前。藉由在不同的層之間的界面合併不同的層之纖維，可防止不想要的層分離。層之間無合併點時，便可能從纖維之一層剝離另一層。In the text of this case, the term "merging" may particularly denote the interconnection of different fibers at individual merging points, which enables the formation of an integrated bond fiber composed of one of two previous separate fibers previously associated with different layers structure. The interconnecting fibers can be strongly adhered to each other at the merging point. In particular, the fibers in the formed second layer that have not yet completely cured or solidified due to agglomeration may, for example, still have a solid outer layer or surface area that is still in the liquid Lyocell solution phase and is not yet fully cured. When the pre-fiber structure is in contact with each other and then completely cured into a solid fiber state, this may cause two merged fibers to be formed at the interface between different layers. The higher the number of merging points, the higher the stability of the interconnections between the layers of the fabric. Therefore, controlling the merging can control the rigidity of the inter-layer bonding of the fabric. The control of merging can be, for example, by adjusting the degree of curing or agglomeration, before the pre-fibrous structure of the individual layers reaches the underlying fibrous layer or fiber support plate on the pre-fibrous structure. By combining fibers of different layers at the interface between different layers, unwanted layer separation can be prevented. When there are no merging points between layers, it is possible to peel off one layer from the other.

當織物之不同的層係由如前文於項目(b)所述的具有不同(平均)直徑之纖維形成時，可分別地且不同地調整不同的層之機械性質。例如，該等層中之一層可藉由使用具有相對大直徑的纖維而具備勁度(stiff)特徵，而另一層可具備平滑或彈性特徵(例如，藉由使用具有相對小直徑的纖維)。例如，擦拭巾可製成具有較粗糙表面以供藉由機械性移除污垢來清潔，以及具有較平滑表面以供擦拭，即，用以從待清潔表面吸收水等等。When different layers of the fabric are formed from fibers having different (average) diameters as described in item (b) above, the mechanical properties of the different layers can be adjusted separately and differently. For example, one of the layers may have stiff features by using fibers with a relatively large diameter, while the other layer may have smooth or elastic characteristics (for example, by using fibers with a relatively small diameter). For example, wipes can be made with a rougher surface for cleaning by mechanically removing dirt, and a smoother surface for wiping, that is, to absorb water from the surface to be cleaned, and so on.

若不同的層之纖維具有如前文於項目(c)所述的相同(平均)直徑，則相鄰層可具有相似或相同的物理性質。彼等可於其間的合併點而強或弱互連。單位界面面積(per interface area)之此等合併點的數目可界定相鄰層之間的耦合強度。在小的耦合強度下，該等層可由使用者輕易地分開。在高的耦合強度下，該等層可保持永久彼此附接。If the fibers of different layers have the same (average) diameter as previously described in item (c), adjacent layers may have similar or identical physical properties. They may be strongly or weakly interconnected at the merging points between them. The number of these merging points per unit interface area can define the coupling strength between adjacent layers. With small coupling strengths, the layers can be easily separated by the user. With high coupling strength, the layers can remain permanently attached to each other.

根據本發明另一實施態樣，不同的層中之纖維網狀結構具有不同的合併因子。此可促使所述之織物有提高之機械安定性。According to another aspect of the present invention, the fiber network structures in different layers have different merging factors. This can promote improved mechanical stability of the fabric.

具體而言，藉由控制沿著與層之平面垂直的高度方向或z方向的合併因子，可於所述之織物的製造期間，無端之纖維向下碰觸收集該等纖維的纖維支撐單元上時，獲致特定初張力(pre-tension)。從而，不同的合併因子之高度相依分布(height dependent distribution)可使得能建立「力吸收彈簧系統(force absorbing spring system)」，其在油顆粒嵌入織物中時，可產生高機械安定性以及有效防止所述之織物內形成的毛細管孔洞或空隙之崩塌(於黏著力之壓力時)。Specifically, by controlling the merging factor along the height direction or z direction perpendicular to the plane of the layer, during the manufacturing of the fabric, endless fibers can touch the fiber support unit that collects these fibers downward. , A specific pre-tension is obtained. Therefore, the height dependent distribution of different merging factors can make it possible to establish a "force absorbing spring system", which can produce high mechanical stability and effectively prevent the oil particles from being embedded in the fabric Collapse of capillary holes or voids formed in the fabric (under pressure of adhesion).

根據本發明另一實施態樣，纖維的銅含量低於5 ppm及/或鎳含量低於2 ppm。本申請案中提及之ppm值全部與質量(而非體積)相關。除此之外，纖維或織物之重金屬污染可為每一種個別重金屬元素不超過10 ppm。因使用萊賽爾紡絲液作為用於形成以無端之纖維為底質之織物的基礎(特別是涉及諸如N-甲基-啉(NMMO)之溶劑時)，該織物的諸如銅或鎳之重金屬污染(其會造成使用者之過敏反應)可保持在極小程度。According to another aspect of the present invention, the copper content of the fiber is less than 5 ppm and / or the nickel content is less than 2 ppm. All ppm values mentioned in this application are related to mass, not volume. In addition, the heavy metal contamination of fibers or fabrics can be no more than 10 ppm for each individual heavy metal element. The use of Lyocell dope as a basis for forming fabrics with endless fibers as substrates (especially involving N-methyl- (NMMO) solvents, the fabric's heavy metal contamination such as copper or nickel (which can cause allergic reactions to the user) can be kept to a minimum.

根據本發明另一態樣，提供直接由萊賽爾紡絲液製造非織纖維素纖維織物(特別是如前文所述的織物)之方法。所提供之方法包含(a)使萊賽爾紡絲液通過具有孔之噴嘴在氣流支撐下擠出至凝聚流體氛圍(coagulation fluid atmosphere)中，從而形成實質上無端之纖維；(b)將該纖維收集於纖維支撐單元(fiber support unit)上，從而形成織物；(c)調整該製造程序之製程參數以使該織物展現至少1900質量百分比之吸油能力。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric (especially a fabric as described above) directly from a Lyocell spinning solution. The provided method includes (a) extruding a lyocell spinning solution through a nozzle having holes into a coagulation fluid atmosphere under the support of an air stream, thereby forming a substantially endless fiber; (b) applying the fiber The fibers are collected on a fiber support unit to form a fabric; (c) adjusting process parameters of the manufacturing process so that the fabric exhibits an oil absorption capacity of at least 1900 mass percent.

所提供之方法係基於在各種相鄰纖維之間可形成複數個孔洞或空隙的概念。藉由選擇適當製程參數，可適當規劃該等空隙的大小及/或形狀。在織物之原始非浸泡狀態下，此等空隙係充滿空氣。當該織物吸油時，該等空隙係充滿(液態、半流體或糊狀)油或大小至少大約合於個別空隙之大小的油脂顆粒。The method provided is based on the concept that a plurality of holes or voids can be formed between various adjacent fibers. By selecting appropriate process parameters, the size and / or shape of these voids can be appropriately planned. In the original non-soaked state of the fabric, these voids are filled with air. When the fabric absorbs oil, the voids are filled with (liquid, semi-fluid, or pasty) oil or grease particles at least about the size of the individual voids.

在本文件之文中，「具有孔之噴嘴」(其可例如表示為「孔之配置」)可為包含線性設置的孔之配置的任何結構。In the context of this document, a "nozzle with holes" (which may be expressed, for example, as a "configuration of holes") may be any structure that includes a configuration of holes arranged linearly.

根據本發明一實施態樣，調整製程參數包含至少一下列特徵： 　　(a) 於萊賽爾紡絲液離開孔之後且在該萊賽爾紡絲液到達纖維支撐單元之前，藉由引發通過不同的孔擠出之萊賽爾紡絲液之間的相互作用而形成至少部分的合併位置； 　　(b) 於萊賽爾紡絲液到達纖維支撐單元之後，藉由在置於該纖維支撐單元上時引發至少部分纖維的凝聚而形成至少部分的合併位置； 　　(c) 沿著可移動的纖維支撐單元接續設置多個具有孔之噴嘴，於該纖維支撐單元上沉積纖維之第一層，以及在至少部分纖維於層之間的界面之凝聚完成之前於第一層上沉積纖維之第二層。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment of the process parameters includes at least one of the following characteristics: (a) After the Lyocell spinning solution leaves the hole and before the Lyocell spinning solution reaches the fiber support unit, it is caused to pass through different The interaction between the lyocell spinning solution extruded from the holes formed at least part of the merged position; (b) After the lyocell spinning solution reached the fiber support unit, it was placed on the fiber support unit At least some of the fibers are agglomerated at the same time to form at least a part of the merged position; (c) A plurality of nozzles with holes are successively arranged along the movable fiber support unit, and a first layer of fibers is deposited on the fiber support unit, and A second layer of fibers is deposited on the first layer before the aggregation of at least a portion of the fibers at the interface between the layers is complete.

如前文於項目(a)所述的於萊賽爾紡絲液離開孔之後且在該萊賽爾紡絲液到達纖維支撐單元之前形成至少部分合併位置，係可例如藉由於向下加速時引發通過不同的孔擠出之萊賽爾紡絲液之股(strand)間的相互作用而達成。例如，氣流之速度及方向方面可經調整，以迫使(尚未完全凝聚之)紡絲液的不同股或長絲在到達纖維支撐單元之前於橫向(lateral direction)上彼此相互作用。亦可能氣流係以接近或呈紊流(turbulent flow)型操作，以促進纖維之各不同預形物(preform)之間的相互作用。因此，可使纖維之個別預形物於凝聚之前彼此接觸，從而形成合併位置。At least part of the merged position is formed after the lyocell dope leaves the hole as described in item (a) above and before the lyocell dope reaches the fiber support unit, which may be caused, for example, by a downward acceleration This is achieved through the interaction of strands of lyocell dope extruded through different holes. For example, the speed and direction of the airflow can be adjusted to force (uncompletely agglomerated) different strands or filaments of the spinning solution to interact with each other in the lateral direction before reaching the fiber support unit. It is also possible that the airflow is operated in an approaching or turbulent flow type to promote the interaction between the different preforms of the fibers. Therefore, the individual preforms of the fibers can be brought into contact with each other before agglomeration, thereby forming a merged position.

如前文於項目(b)所述的於萊賽爾紡絲液到達纖維支撐單元之後形成至少一部分的合併位置，係可藉由刻意延遲凝聚程序而達成。該延遲可藉由凝聚單元之相應操作，尤其是藉由相應調整凝聚流體的性質及供應位置，而調整之。更具體地，凝聚之程序可延遲直到紡絲液到達纖維支撐板為止。在此種實施態樣中，纖維的預形物(仍於凝聚之前)到達纖維支撐單元，從而與其他纖維預形物(亦仍於凝聚之前)接觸。因而可迫使紡絲液之不同的股或預形物流動以彼此接觸，且只有在這之後才會引發或完成凝聚。因而，在仍於非凝聚狀態之不同纖維預形物之間的初始接觸之後的凝聚係形成合併位置的有效措施。As mentioned in item (b) above, the merging position where at least part of the lyocell spinning solution reaches the fiber support unit can be achieved by deliberately delaying the coagulation process. This delay can be adjusted by the corresponding operation of the coalescing unit, especially by adjusting the properties and supply position of the coalescing fluid accordingly. More specifically, the agglomeration process can be delayed until the dope reaches the fiber support plate. In this embodiment, the preform of the fiber (before the agglomeration) reaches the fiber support unit, and thus comes into contact with other fiber preforms (also before the agglomeration). It is thus possible to force different strands or preforms of the dope to flow to contact each other, and only after this can agglomeration be initiated or completed. Thus, the cohesive system after initial contact between different fiber preforms that are still in a non-cohesive state is an effective measure to form a merged position.

如前文於項目(c)所述的沿著可移動的纖維支撐單元接續設置多個具有孔之噴嘴以及後續步驟，亦可有助於獲致適當的吸油能力。從而，就待形成之各層而言，操作對應之具有孔的噴嘴之製程參數可經調整以獲得層特定凝聚行為。不同層的層特定凝聚行為(layer specific coagulation behavior)可經調整以於個別層內形成(層內)合併位置，以及於相鄰層之間形成(層間)合併位置。更具體地，製程控制可經調整以使得能藉由只在關於不同層的紡絲液間之初始接觸之後促進兩層的凝聚而於兩個相鄰層之間形成合併位置。As described in item (c) above, successively setting a plurality of nozzles with holes along the movable fiber supporting unit and the subsequent steps can also help to obtain an appropriate oil absorption capacity. Thus, for each layer to be formed, the process parameters for operating the corresponding nozzle with holes can be adjusted to obtain layer-specific condensation behavior. The layer-specific coagulation behavior of different layers can be adjusted to form (intra-layer) merge positions within individual layers, and (inter-layer) merge positions between adjacent layers. More specifically, the process control can be adjusted so that a merged position can be formed between two adjacent layers by promoting the agglomeration of the two layers only after the initial contact between the dope solutions on different layers.

根據本發明另一實施態樣，該方法進一步包含在收集於該纖維支撐單元上之後就地進一步處理纖維及/或織物。該進一步處理特別是包含由下列所組成之群組的至少一者：水力纏絡(hydro-entanglement)、針扎(needle punching)、浸漬(impregnation)、以加壓蒸汽(pressurized steam)蒸汽處理(steam treatment)、以及軋光(calendering)。According to another aspect of the present invention, the method further comprises further processing the fibers and / or fabric in situ after being collected on the fiber support unit. The further treatment comprises in particular at least one of the group consisting of: hydro-entanglement, needle punching, impregnation, pressurized steam treatment ( steam treatment), and calendering.

此就地處理(in situ process)可為在所製造(特別是實質上無端之)織物貯存(例如用捲取機捲繞)以供運送至產品製造終點之前所進行的那些處理。例如，此進一步處理或後處理可包括水力纏絡。水力纏絡(hydroentanglement)可表示為濕或乾纖維網之結合處理(bonding process)，所得之結合織物為非織布(nonwoven)。水力纏絡可使用細而高壓的水注，其穿透該網、衝擊纖維支撐單元(特別是輸送帶)以及彈回，使纖維纏絡(entangle)。織物之對應受壓(compression)可使該織物更緻密以及機械安定性更高。水力纏絡之外或以外，可用加壓蒸汽進行纖維之蒸汽處理。另外或者替代的，此進一步處理或後處理(post processing)可包括所製造之織物的針刺處理(needling treatment)。針扎系統(needle punching system)可用以結合織物或網之纖維。於將帶倒鉤之針(barbed needle)推過纖維網迫使一些纖維通過該網(該等纖維於針抽出時留在該處)時，可製造針扎之織物。若充足的纖維適當地位移，該網可藉由此等纖維栓(fibers plug)之壓密作用(consolidating effect)而轉變成織物。網或織物之又另外的進一步處理或後處理處理為浸漬處理。浸漬無端纖維之網狀結構可包括於織物上施加一或多種化學品(諸如柔軟劑、疏水劑、及抗靜電劑等)。織物之又另一進一步處理為軋光。軋光可表示為用於處理織物之完成程序(finishing process)以及可使用軋光機(calender)以使織物平滑、塗布及/或受壓(compress)。This in situ process may be those processes that are performed before the manufactured (especially essentially unprovoked) fabric is stored (eg, wound with a winder) for shipping to the end of product manufacturing. For example, this further processing or post-processing may include hydraulic entanglement. Hydroentanglement can be expressed as a bonding process of wet or dry fiber webs, and the resulting bonded fabric is a nonwoven. Hydraulic entanglement can use a thin, high-pressure water jet that penetrates the web, impacts the fiber support unit (especially the conveyor belt), and bounces back to entangle the fibers. The corresponding compression of the fabric can make the fabric denser and more mechanically stable. In addition to or in addition to hydraulic entanglement, pressurized steam can be used for steam treatment of fibers. Additionally or alternatively, this further processing or post processing may include a needling treatment of the manufactured fabric. A needle punching system can be used to bind fabric or mesh fibers. Needle-punched fabrics can be made when a barbed needle is pushed through a web of fibers, forcing some fibers to pass through the web (the fibers remain there when the needles are withdrawn). If sufficient fibers are properly displaced, the web can be transformed into a fabric by the consolidation effect of these fiber plugs. A further further treatment or post-treatment of the web or fabric is a dipping treatment. Impregnating the network structure of endless fibers may include applying one or more chemicals (such as softeners, hydrophobic agents, and antistatic agents, etc.) to the fabric. Another further processing of the fabric is calendering. Calendering can be expressed as a finishing process for processing the fabric and a calender can be used to smooth, coat, and / or compress the fabric.

根據本發明另一態樣，提供用於直接由萊賽爾紡絲液製造非織纖維素纖維織物之裝置，特別是用於製造如前文所述之織物。所提供之裝置包含(a)用以在氣流支撐下擠出萊賽爾紡絲液的具有孔之噴嘴；(b)用以提供用於所擠出之萊賽爾紡絲液的凝聚流體氛圍從而形成實質上無端之纖維的凝聚單元(coagulation unit)；(c)用以收集纖維從而形成該織物的纖維支撐單元；以及(d)用以調整製程參數以使該織物展現至少1900質量百分比之吸油能力的控制單元。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for manufacturing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric directly from a Lyocell spinning solution, particularly for manufacturing a fabric as described above. The device provided includes (a) a perforated nozzle for extruding a lyocell spinning solution under the support of an air flow; and (b) a condensing fluid atmosphere for the lyocell spinning solution extruded Thereby forming a coagulation unit of substantially endless fibers; (c) a fiber support unit for collecting fibers to form the fabric; and (d) adjusting process parameters so that the fabric exhibits at least 1900 mass percent Control unit for suction capacity.

所述裝置係基於以下概念：該控制單元使能以可靠方式進行上述用於製造更前述之非織纖維素纖維織物的方法。The device is based on the concept that the control unit enables the above-mentioned method for manufacturing the aforementioned nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric in a reliable manner.

根據本發明另一態樣，提供使用如上述之非織纖維素纖維織物的方法。該織物係用於下列所組成之群組的至少一者：烘衣紙(dryer sheet)，面膜(facial mask)，衛生產品，擦拭巾(wipe)，過濾器，醫療應用產品，地工織物(geotextile)，農業織物(agrotextile)，衣物，建築技術產品，汽車產品，家飾用品(furnishing)，工業產品，休閒、美容、運動或旅行相關產品，以及學校或辦公室相關產品。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of using a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric as described above. The fabric is used in at least one of the following groups: dryer sheet, facial mask, sanitary products, wipes, filters, medical applications, geotextiles ( geotextile), agrotextile, clothing, construction technology products, automotive products, furnishings, industrial products, leisure, beauty, sports or travel related products, and school or office related products.

所述之織物用於烘衣紙時，吸油能力可用於沉積(depositing)在烘衣機內進行烘乾程序期間所釋放的活性組分。釋放程序可例如藉由熱收縮(thermal shrinkage)及對應擠壓含有油顆粒之孔洞支援。When the fabric is used for drying paper, the oil absorption capacity can be used to deposit the active components released during the drying process in the dryer. The release procedure can be supported, for example, by thermal shrinkage and corresponding extrusion of holes containing oil particles.

所述之織物用於面膜時，可因對於油及/或乳液的大接收能力(最適於人類皮膚)而獲得特殊益處。When the fabric is used in a facial mask, it can obtain special benefits due to its large receiving capacity for oil and / or emulsion (most suitable for human skin).

所述之織物用於清潔擦拭巾，例如家用擦拭巾時，可因去除廚房之油性殘留物時不需使用任何化學品或界面活性劑而有高吸油性而獲得益處。When the fabric is used for cleaning wipes, such as household wipes, it can obtain benefits by removing oily residues from the kitchen without using any chemicals or surfactants and having high oil absorption.

所述之織物的高吸油性亦尤其有益於個人護理擦拭巾，例如用於去除彩妝而不需要任何含界面活性劑的洗劑。The high oil absorption of the fabric is also particularly useful for personal care wipes, such as for removing makeup without the need for any surfactant-containing lotion.

根據本發明另一態樣，提供包含如上述之非織纖維素纖維織物的產品或複合物。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a product or a composite comprising a nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric as described above.

根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物亦可與一或更多其他材料結合(例如就地(in situ )或於後續製程)，從而形成根據本發明一例示實施態樣之複合物。可與織物結合以形成此種複合物之例示材料可選自包含但不限於下列材料或其組合之材料的群組：短纖漿(fluff pulp)、纖維懸浮液(fiber suspension)、濕式成網非織物(wetlaid nonwoven)、氣流成網非織物(airlaid nonwoven)、紡黏網(spunbond web)、熔噴網(meltblown web)、梳理高噴水網絡(carded spunlaced)或針扎網(needlepunched web)或由各種材料製成之其他片狀結構。在一實施態樣中，不同的材料間之結合可藉由(但不限於)下列方法之一者或其組合而完成：合併、水力纏絡、針扎、氫鍵結、熱結合(thermobonding)、藉由黏合劑膠合、積層(laminating)及/或軋光。The non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may also be combined with one or more other materials (such as in situ or in a subsequent process) to form an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention. Complex. Exemplary materials that can be combined with fabrics to form such composites can be selected from the group of materials including, but not limited to, the following materials or combinations thereof: fluff pulp, fiber suspension, wet forming Wetlaid nonwoven, airlaid nonwoven, spunbond web, meltblown web, carded spunlaced or needlepunched web Or other sheet-like structures made of various materials. In one embodiment, the bonding of different materials can be accomplished by one or a combination of, but not limited to, the following methods: merging, hydroentangling, needle-pinning, hydrogen bonding, thermobonding , Gluing, laminating, and / or calendering with an adhesive.

網，不論是100%纖維素纖維網或例如包含二或更多種纖維、或經化學改質之纖維或併入諸如抗菌材料、離子交換材料、活性碳、奈米顆粒、洗劑、醫療用劑或阻燃劑等材料之纖維、或雙組分纖維或由彼等組成的網之特別用途可如下：Nets, whether 100% cellulosic fibrous webs or, for example, containing two or more fibers, or chemically modified fibers or incorporating materials such as antibacterial materials, ion exchange materials, activated carbon, nano particles, lotions, medical uses The special uses of fibers such as flame retardants or flame retardant materials, or bicomponent fibers or the net composed of them can be as follows:

根據本發明例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造擦拭巾，諸如嬰兒用、廚房用、濕巾、化妝用、衛生用、醫療用、清潔用、拋光(汽車、家具)、除塵用、工業用、除塵器及拖把用擦拭巾。The non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be used for manufacturing wipes, such as babies, kitchens, wipes, makeup, sanitary, medical, cleaning, polishing (automobiles, furniture), dust removal Industrial, industrial, dust collector and mop wipes.

根據本發明例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物亦可用於製造過濾器。例如，此種過濾器可為空氣過濾器、HVAC、空調過濾器、煙道氣過濾器、液體過濾器、咖啡過濾器、茶袋、咖啡袋、食品過濾器、水純化過濾器、血液過濾器、香煙過濾器；車廂過濾器(cabin filter)、濾油器、濾筒、真空過濾器、真空吸塵器袋、濾塵器、液壓過濾器、廚房過濾器、風扇過濾器、濕交換過濾器(moisture exchange filter)、花粉過濾器、HEVAC/ HEPA/ULPA過濾器、啤酒過濾器、濾乳器、液態冷卻劑過濾器及果汁過濾器。The non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention can also be used for manufacturing filters. Such filters can be, for example, air filters, HVAC, air conditioning filters, flue gas filters, liquid filters, coffee filters, tea bags, coffee bags, food filters, water purification filters, blood filters, Cigarette filters; cabin filters, oil filters, filter cartridges, vacuum filters, vacuum cleaner bags, dust filters, hydraulic filters, kitchen filters, fan filters, moisture exchange filters ), Pollen filters, HEVAC / HEPA / ULPA filters, beer filters, milk filters, liquid coolant filters and juice filters.

在又另外的實施態樣中，非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造吸收性衛生產品。其實例為收集層(acquisition layer)、保健衛生用透氣織物(coverstock)、分布層、吸收性覆蓋物、衛生棉、覆面材(topsheet)、背襯(backsheet)、腿套(leg cuff)、可沖式產品、護墊(pad)、溢乳墊(nursing pad)、拋棄式內褲(disposal underwear)、訓練褲(training pant)、面罩(face mask)、美容面膜、卸妝棉、洗臉巾(washcloth)、尿布、及釋放活性組分(諸如紡織品柔軟劑)之烘衣紙。In yet other embodiments, nonwoven cellulose fiber fabrics can be used to make absorbent hygiene products. Examples are acquisition layers, coverstocks for health and sanitation, distribution layers, absorbent coverings, sanitary napkins, topsheets, backsheets, leg cuffs, Red products, pads, nursing pads, disposable underwear, training pant, face mask, beauty mask, makeup remover, washcloth, Diapers, and paper towels that release active ingredients such as textile softeners.

在又另外的實施態樣中，非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造醫療應用產品。例如，此等醫療應用產品可為拋棄式帽、袍服、罩及鞋套、傷口護理產品、滅菌包裝產品、保健衛生用透氣織物產品、敷料、單向衣服(one way clothing)、透析產品、鼻條(nasal strip)、齒板黏著劑(adhesives for dental plate)、拋棄式內褲、覆蓋巾(drape)、圍纏帶(wraps)及包紮物(packs)、海綿、敷料及擦拭巾、床用織物、經皮藥物遞輸、包布(shrouds)、看護墊(underpad)、手術包(procedure pack)、熱敷墊、造口袋襯(ostomy bag liner)、固定膠及保溫箱床墊(incubator mattresses)。In yet another embodiment, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric can be used for manufacturing medical application products. For example, these medical applications can be disposable caps, gowns, covers and shoe covers, wound care products, sterilized packaging products, breathable fabric products for health care, dressings, one way clothing, dialysis products, Nasal strips, adhesives for dental plate, disposable underwear, drape, wraps and packs, sponges, dressings and wipes, bed Fabrics, transdermal drug delivery, shrouds, underpads, procedure packs, heat packs, ostomy bag liners, fixatives, and incubator mattresses .

在又另外的實施態樣中，非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造地工織物。此可包括作物保護覆蓋物之製造、灌溉墊(capillary matting)、水純化、灌溉控制、瀝青加鋪鋪面(asphalt overlay)、土壤穩定(soil stabilisation)、排水、沈降及侵蝕控制、水池防水布(pond liner)、浸漬基底(impregnation based)、排水道襯布(drainage channel liner)、土地穩定(ground stabilisation)、凹坑襯布(pit lining)、種子覆蓋毯(seed blanket)、抑草蓆(weed control fabric)、溫室遮蔭布(greenhouse shading)、植袋(root bag)以及可生物降解之花盆。亦可將非織纖維素纖維織物用於植物箔片(plant foil)(例如為植物提供光保護及/或機械保護，及/或對植物或土壤提供肥料或種子)。In yet another embodiment, a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric can be used to make a geotextile. This may include the manufacture of crop protection coverings, irrigation matting, water purification, irrigation control, asphalt overlay, soil stabilisation, drainage, settlement and erosion control, pool tarpaulins ( pond liner, impregnation based, drainage channel liner, ground stabilisation, pit lining, seed blanket, weed control fabric ), Greenhouse shading, root bag, and biodegradable flower pots. Non-woven cellulose fiber fabrics can also be used in plant foils (for example, to provide light protection and / or mechanical protection to plants, and / or to provide fertilizer or seeds to plants or soil).

在又另外的實施態樣中，非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造衣物。例如，可以此等織物為基礎製造裏襯、保暖及防護衣物(clothing insulation and protection)、手提袋組件、鞋組件、皮帶襯裡、工業用帽/鞋、拋棄式工作服、衣物及鞋袋以及熱絕緣。In yet another embodiment, a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric can be used to make clothing. For example, linings, clothing insulation and protection, handbag components, shoe components, belt linings, industrial caps / shoes, disposable work clothes, clothing and shoe bags, and thermal insulation can be manufactured on the basis of these fabrics .

在又另外的實施態樣中，非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造建築技術產品。例如，可使用此種織物製造屋頂及瓷磚鋪底層(tile underlay)、屋頂底板(underslating)、隔熱及隔音、建築防水透氣膜(house wrap)、石膏板飾面、管包覆物(pipe wrap)、混凝土模製層(concrete moulding layer)、地基(foundations)及土地穩定(ground stabilisation)、垂直排水系統(vertical drainage)、木瓦板(shingle)、屋頂油氈(roofing felt)、噪音減除(noise abatement)、強化(reinforcement)、密封材料、及減震材料(damping material)(機械式)。In yet another embodiment, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric can be used for manufacturing construction technology products. For example, such fabrics can be used to make roofs and tile underlays, underslating, heat insulation and sound insulation, building waterproof wraps, house wraps, gypsum board finishes, and pipe wraps. ), Concrete moulding layer, foundations and ground stabilisation, vertical drainage, shingle, roofing felt, noise reduction ( noise abatement), reinforcement, sealing material, and damping material (mechanical).

在又另外的實施態樣中，非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造汽車產品。實例為車廂過濾器(cabin filter)、車箱襯裡(boot liner)、置物板(parcel shelf)、遮熱板、架飾條(shelf trim)、模製車蓋襯裡(moulded bonnet liner)、車箱底覆蓋物(boot floor covering)、濾油器、車頂襯裡(headliner)、後置物板(rear parcel shelves)、裝飾織物(decorative fabrics)、安全氣囊(airbag)、隔音墊(silencer pad)、絕緣材料、車罩(car cover)、止滑墊(underpadding)、汽車墊子(car mat)、膠帶(tape)、襯底(backing)及簇絨地毯、椅套、車門飾條、針刺地毯(needled carpet)、以及汽車地毯襯底(auto carpet backing)。In yet another embodiment, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric can be used to manufacture automotive products. Examples are cabin filters, boot liners, parcel shelves, heat shields, shelf trims, molded bonnet liners, and truck bottoms. Boot floor covering, oil filter, headliner, rear parcel shelves, decorative fabrics, airbags, silencer pads, insulation materials , Car cover, underpadding, car mat, tape, backing and tufted carpet, seat cover, door trim, needled carpet ), And auto carpet backing.

根據本發明例示實施態樣所製造之織物的又另外的應用領域為家飾用品，諸如家具、營造、靠背及扶手之鋪墊料(insulator to arms and backs)、坐墊套布(cushion thicking)、防塵罩、裡布、縫強化(stitch reinforcement)、裝飾邊條材料(edge trim material)、寢具(bedding construction)、被褥背襯(quilt backing)、彈簧床包(spring wrap)、床墊薄墊組件(mattress pad component)、床罩(mattress cover)、窗簾、壁紙、地毯底布、燈罩、床墊組件、彈簧床鋪墊料(spring insulator)、密封件、枕頭套布(pillow ticking)及墊褥布(mattress ticking)。Still other fields of application for fabrics made according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention are home furnishings, such as furniture, construction, backing and armrest padding (insulator to arms and backs), cushion thicking, dust protection Cover, lining, stitch reinforcement, edge trim material, bedding construction, quilt backing, spring wrap, mattress pad assembly (mattress pad component), matt cover, curtains, wallpaper, carpet backing, lampshade, mattress components, spring insulators, seals, pillow ticking, and padding ( mattress ticking).

在又另外的實施態樣中，非織纖維素纖維織物可用於製造工業產品。此可包括電子產品、軟碟襯墊(floppy disc liner)、纜線絕緣、研磨劑(abrasive)、絕緣膠帶、輸送帶、噪音吸收層、空調、電池隔板、酸系統(acid system)、防滑墊去污劑(anti-slip matting stain remover)、保鮮膜(food wrap)、膠帶、香腸腸衣(sausage casing)、乳酪包膜(cheese casing)、人造皮革、石油回收索及袋(oil recovery booms and socks)、以及造紙毯(papermaking felt)。In yet other embodiments, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric can be used to manufacture industrial products. This can include electronics, floppy disc liner, cable insulation, abrasives, insulating tape, conveyor belts, noise absorbing layers, air conditioners, battery separators, acid systems, non-slip Anti-slip matting stain remover, food wrap, tape, sausage casing, cheese casing, artificial leather, oil recovery booms and bags socks), and papermaking felt.

根據本發明例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物亦適於製造休閒及旅行相關之產品。此種應用之實例為睡袋、帳篷、行李箱、手提袋、購物袋、飛行用頭枕(airline headrest)、CD保護套、枕頭套、以及三明治包裝(sandwich packaging)。The non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is also suitable for manufacturing leisure and travel related products. Examples of such applications are sleeping bags, tents, suitcases, totes, shopping bags, airline headrests, CD covers, pillow cases, and sandwich packaging.

本發明例示實施態樣之又另外的應用領域係關於學校及辦公室產品。其實例可提及書套、郵寄封套、地圖、記號及三角旗、毛巾、以及旗幟。The present invention exemplifies another aspect of the application field related to school and office products. Examples include book covers, mailing covers, maps, markers and pennants, towels, and flags.

必須注意的是，本發明之實施態樣係就不同標的說明之。特別是，一些實施態樣係就設備型申請專利範圍說明，而另外的實施態樣係就方法型申請專利範圍說明。然而，熟習本領域之人士得從上文及下文說明推之，除非另外告知，否則除了屬於一種標的的特徵之任何組合，關於不同標的之特徵間的任何組合，特別是設備型申請專利範圍的特徵以及方法型申請專利範圍的特徵之間的任何組合，也被視為與本文件一起揭示。It must be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are described in terms of different targets. In particular, some implementation examples are described in terms of equipment-type patent applications, while others are described in terms of method-type patent applications. However, those skilled in the art can infer from the above and below descriptions, unless otherwise informed, except for any combination of features belonging to one subject, any combination between features of different subjects, especially for the scope of patent application of equipment type Any combination of features and features within the scope of a method patent application is also considered to be disclosed with this document.

從下文待說明之實施態樣的實例可知前文界定之態樣以及本發明之另外的態樣，且係參照實施態樣之實例予以解釋。下文將參照實施態樣之實例更詳細說明本發明，但本發明不限於此。From the examples of implementation aspects to be described below, the previously defined aspects and other aspects of the present invention are known, and are explained with reference to the examples of implementation aspects. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples of implementation aspects, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

圖式詳細說明Schematic description

圖式中之圖示說明為示意性質。應注意，在不同圖中，對相似或相同元件或特徵提供相同元件符號。為了避免不必要的重複，已就先前所述實施態樣說明過的元件或特徵在本說明書稍後部分不再說明。The illustrations in the figures are of a schematic nature. It should be noted that in different figures, similar or identical elements or features are provided with the same element symbols. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, elements or features that have been described with respect to the previously described implementation aspects will not be described later in this specification.

此外，空間相關用語，諸如「前」及「後」、「上」及「下」、「左」及「右」等係用以描述圖式中所圖示之一元件與另外的元件之關係。因此，空間相關用語可應用於與圖式中所繪示的定向不同之使用定向。顯然就圖中所示定向所提之所有此等空間相關用語，僅為了便於描述且並非必然受限於根據本發明一實施態樣的設備，於使用時可採取與圖中所示者不同的定向。In addition, space-related terms such as "front" and "rear", "up" and "down", "left" and "right" are used to describe the relationship between one element and another element illustrated in the drawing . Therefore, the spatially related terms can be applied to usage orientations different from the orientations shown in the drawings. Obviously, all of these space-related terms mentioned in the orientation shown in the figure are only for convenience of description and are not necessarily limited to the device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In use, different terms than those shown in the figure Directional.

圖 1 圖示說明根據本發明一例示實施態樣之用於製造由萊賽爾紡絲液104直接形成之非織纖維素纖維織物102的裝置100。萊賽爾紡絲液104係藉由凝聚流體106至少部分凝聚而轉化成部分形成之纖維素纖維108。藉由裝置100，可進行根據本發明一例示實施態樣之萊賽爾溶液吹紡程序。在本案之文中，用語「萊賽爾溶液吹紡程序(lyocell solution-blowing process)」可尤其包括可形成具有個別長度(discrete length)的基本上無端之長絲或纖維108或所獲得之具有個別長度的無端之長絲及纖維的混合物之程序。如下文進一步說明，提供各具有孔126之噴嘴，纖維素溶液或萊賽爾紡絲液104與氣流(gas stream/gas flow)146一起通過彼而噴出以供製造根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102。 FIG. 1 illustrates an apparatus 100 for manufacturing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 formed directly from a Lyocell spinning solution 104 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The lyocell dope 104 is converted into partially formed cellulose fibers 108 by at least partially agglomerating the condensing fluid 106. With the apparatus 100, a lyocell solution blow spinning process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be performed. In the text of the present case, the term "lyocell solution-blowing process" may include, among other things, the formation of substantially endless filaments or fibers 108 having a discrete length or the obtained individual Procedure for mixing endless filaments and fibers. As described further below, each nozzle having holes 126 is provided, and the cellulose solution or lyocell spinning solution 104 is ejected together with a gas stream / gas flow 146 to produce an embodiment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric 102.

從圖1可看出，可經由計量單元113將木漿110、其他纖維素類原料等等供應至貯存槽114。來自水容器112之水亦經由計量單元113供應至貯存槽114。如此，計量單元113，在下文進一步詳細說明之控制單元140控制下，可界定待供應至貯存槽114的水及木漿110的相對量。容納於溶劑容器116之溶劑(諸如N-甲基-啉(NMMO))可在濃縮單元118中濃縮，然後可於混合單元119中以可界定之相對量與水及木漿110或其他纖維素類原料的混合物混合。混合單元119亦可由控制單元140控制。藉此，於溶解單元120中以可調整之相對量使水-木漿110介質溶於濃縮溶劑中，因而獲得萊賽爾紡絲液104。水性萊賽爾紡絲液104可為由(例如5質量%至15質量%)之包含木漿110的纖維素及(例如85質量%至95質量%)之溶劑所構成的蜂蜜狀黏稠介質(honey-viscous medium)。As can be seen from FIG. 1, the wood pulp 110, other cellulose-based raw materials, and the like can be supplied to the storage tank 114 via the metering unit 113. Water from the water container 112 is also supplied to the storage tank 114 via the metering unit 113. As such, the metering unit 113, under the control of the control unit 140 described in further detail below, can define the relative amounts of water and wood pulp 110 to be supplied to the storage tank 114. A solvent (such as N-methyl- Phenoline (NMMO) can be concentrated in the concentration unit 118 and then mixed in a definable relative amount in the mixing unit 119 with a mixture of water and wood pulp 110 or other cellulosic materials. The mixing unit 119 may also be controlled by the control unit 140. Thereby, the water-wood pulp 110 medium is dissolved in the concentrated solvent in the dissolving unit 120 in an adjustable relative amount, and thus the Lyocell spinning solution 104 is obtained. The aqueous lyocell spinning solution 104 may be a honey-like viscous medium (for example, 5 to 15% by mass) of cellulose including wood pulp 110 and (for example, 85% to 95% by mass) of a solvent honey-viscous medium).

將萊賽爾紡絲液104送至纖維形成單元124(其可例舉為或其可包含一些紡絲箱(spinning beam)或噴嘴122)。例如，噴嘴122之孔126的數目可大於50，特別是大於100。在一實施態樣中，噴嘴122之孔126、纖維形成單元124(其可包含一些噴嘴122之紡嘴(spinneret))之全部孔126可具有相同大小及/或形狀。或者，一個噴嘴122之不同的孔126及/或不同的噴嘴122(其可接續設置以形成多層織物)之孔126的大小及/或形狀可不同。孔126可設置為一維排列(one dimensional alignment)之孔126。The Lyocell spinning solution 104 is sent to a fiber forming unit 124 (which may be exemplified as or it may contain some spinning beams or nozzles 122). For example, the number of holes 126 of the nozzle 122 may be greater than 50, and in particular greater than 100. In an embodiment, the holes 126 of the nozzle 122 and all the holes 126 of the fiber-forming unit 124 (which may include some spinneret of the nozzle 122) may have the same size and / or shape. Alternatively, the size and / or shape of the different holes 126 of one nozzle 122 and / or the holes 126 of different nozzles 122 (which can be successively arranged to form a multi-layer fabric) may be different. The holes 126 may be provided as one-dimensional alignment holes 126.

於萊賽爾紡絲液104通過噴嘴122之孔126時，其係分成多股(strand)平行的萊賽爾紡絲液104。垂直定向之氣流(即，與紡絲方向實質上平行定向)迫使萊賽爾紡絲液104轉變成愈來愈長而細之股，其可藉由在控制單元140的控制之下改變程序條件而調整。氣流可加速萊賽爾紡絲液104沿著至少部分其路徑從孔126至纖維支撐單元132。As the Lyocell dope 104 passes through the hole 126 of the nozzle 122, it is divided into a plurality of parallel Lyocell dope 104. The vertically oriented airflow (i.e., oriented substantially parallel to the spinning direction) forces the Lysell spinning dope 104 to become longer and thinner, which can be changed by controlling the program conditions under the control of the control unit 140 And adjust. The airflow may accelerate the Lyocell dope 104 from the hole 126 to the fiber support unit 132 along at least part of its path.

於萊賽爾紡絲液104移動通過噴嘴122及進一步向下時，萊賽爾紡絲液104的長而細之股係與非溶劑凝聚流體106相互作用。凝聚流體106有利地例舉為蒸氣霧(vapor mist)(例如水霧(aqueous mist))。凝聚流體106之製程相關性質係藉由一或多個凝聚單元128控制，提供具有可調整性質之凝聚流體106。然後，凝聚單元128係進一步藉由控制單元140控制。較佳的，個別凝聚單元128係提供於個別噴嘴或孔126之間以供各自調整所製造之織物102的個別層之性質。較佳的，各噴嘴122可具有兩個指派之凝聚單元128，一邊一個。個別噴嘴122因而可具備個別萊賽爾紡絲液104部分，其亦可經調整以使所製造之織物102的不同的層具有不同的可控制性質。As the Lyocell dope 104 moves through the nozzle 122 and further downward, the long and thin strands of the Lyocell dope 104 interact with the non-solvent condensing fluid 106. The condensed fluid 106 is advantageously exemplified by a vapor mist (such as an aqueous mist). The process-related properties of the condensed fluid 106 are controlled by one or more condensed units 128 to provide the condensed fluid 106 with adjustable properties. Then, the aggregation unit 128 is further controlled by the control unit 140. Preferably, the individual coalescing unit 128 is provided between the individual nozzles or holes 126 for adjusting the properties of the individual layers of the fabric 102 manufactured. Preferably, each nozzle 122 may have two assigned coalescing units 128, one on each side. The individual nozzles 122 may thus be provided with individual Lyocell dope 104 portions, which may also be adjusted so that different layers of the manufactured fabric 102 have different controllable properties.

於與凝聚流體106(諸如水)相互作用時，萊賽爾紡絲液104之溶劑濃度降低，以使萊賽爾紡絲液104的纖維素(例如木漿110(或其他原料))至少部分凝聚成長而細之纖維素纖維108(其可仍然含有殘留溶劑及水)。When interacting with the condensed fluid 106 (such as water), the solvent concentration of the Lyocell spinning solution 104 is reduced so that the cellulose (such as wood pulp 110 (or other raw materials)) of the Lyocell spinning solution 104 is at least partially Aggregates and grows fine cellulose fibers 108 (which may still contain residual solvents and water).

於從擠出之萊賽爾紡絲液104初始形成個別纖維素纖維108的期間或之後，纖維素纖維108係沉積於纖維支撐單元132上，該纖維支撐單元132於此處例舉為具有平坦纖維容納表面的輸送帶。纖維素纖維108形成非織纖維素纖維織物102(圖1中僅示意圖示)。非織纖維素纖維織物102係由連續且實質上無端之長絲或纖維108構成。During or after the initial formation of individual cellulose fibers 108 from the extruded Lyocell dope 104, the cellulose fibers 108 are deposited on a fiber support unit 132, which is exemplified herein as having a flat surface. Fiber-receiving surface conveyor belt. The cellulosic fibers 108 form a non-woven cellulosic fiber fabric 102 (only a schematic view is shown in FIG. 1). The non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 is composed of continuous and substantially endless filaments or fibers 108.

雖然圖1未顯示，於藉由凝聚單元128凝聚以及於清洗單元180中清洗時所去除的萊賽爾紡絲液104之溶劑可至少部分再循環。Although not shown in FIG. 1, the solvent of the Lyocell spinning solution 104 removed during the agglomeration by the agglomeration unit 128 and the cleaning in the washing unit 180 may be at least partially recycled.

於沿著纖維支撐單元132運送時，非織纖維素纖維織物102可藉由供應清洗液之清洗單元180清洗，以去除殘留溶劑，然後可予以乾燥。可進一步以隨意(optional)但有利的進一步處理單元134處理之。例如，此進一步處理可包括水力纏結、針扎、浸漬、以加壓蒸汽蒸汽處理、軋光等。When being transported along the fiber support unit 132, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 may be cleaned by a cleaning unit 180 supplying a cleaning solution to remove residual solvents, and then may be dried. This can be further processed with an optional but advantageous further processing unit 134. For example, this further treatment may include hydraulic entanglement, pinning, dipping, treatment with pressurized steam, calendering, and the like.

纖維支撐單元132亦可將非織纖維素纖維織物102送至捲取機(winder)136，非織纖維素纖維織物102可於其上收集成實質上無端之薄片(substantially endless sheet)。然後非織纖維素纖維織物102可呈卷狀貨品(roll-good)送往實體製造產品(entity manufacturing product)諸如以非織纖維素纖維織物102為底質之擦拭巾或紡織品。The fiber support unit 132 may also send the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 to a winder 136, and the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 may be collected thereon into substantially endless sheets. The non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 can then be rolled-gooded to an entity manufacturing product such as a wipe or textile with the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 as a substrate.

如圖1表示，所述之製程可由控制單元140(諸如處理器、處理器之一部分、或複數個處理器)控制。控制單元140係用以控制圖1所示之各種單元之操作，特別是計量單元113、混合單元119、纖維形成單元124、凝聚單元128、進一步處理單元134、溶解單元120、清洗單元118等之一或多者。因而，控制單元140(例如藉由執行電腦可執行程式碼，及/或藉由執行使用者所定義之控制指令)可精確且靈活地界定據以製造非織纖維素纖維織物102的製程參數。在此背景下的設計參數為：沿著孔126之空氣流，凝聚流體106之性質，纖維支撐單元132之驅動速度，萊賽爾紡絲液104之組成、溫度及/或壓力等。可經調整以調整非織纖維素纖維織物102的性質之另外的設計參數為孔126數目及/或相互距離及/或幾何配置、萊賽爾紡絲液104之化學組成及濃度等。因而，如下述，非織纖維素纖維織物102之性質可做適當調整。此等可調整之性質(見下文詳細說明)可包括一或多項下列性質：纖維108之直徑及/或直徑分布、纖維108之間的合併(merging)量(amount)及/或區(region)、纖維108之純度(purity level)、多層織物102之性質、織物102之光學性質、織物102之流體保留(fluid retention)及/或流體釋放(fluid release)性質、織物102之機械安定性、織物102之表面的平滑度(smoothness)、纖維108之橫斷面形狀(cross-sectional shape)等。As shown in FIG. 1, the process may be controlled by a control unit 140 (such as a processor, a part of a processor, or a plurality of processors). The control unit 140 is used to control the operations of the various units shown in FIG. 1, especially the metering unit 113, the mixing unit 119, the fiber forming unit 124, the coalescing unit 128, the further processing unit 134, the dissolving unit 120, the cleaning unit 118, and the like. One or more. Therefore, the control unit 140 (for example, by executing computer-executable code and / or by executing user-defined control instructions) can accurately and flexibly define process parameters for manufacturing the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102. The design parameters in this context are: the air flow along the hole 126, the properties of the condensed fluid 106, the driving speed of the fiber support unit 132, the composition, temperature, and / or pressure of the Lyocell spinning solution 104. Additional design parameters that can be adjusted to adjust the properties of the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 are the number of holes 126 and / or mutual distance and / or geometric configuration, the chemical composition and concentration of the Lyocell spinning solution 104, and the like. Therefore, as described below, the properties of the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 can be appropriately adjusted. These adjustable properties (see detailed description below) may include one or more of the following properties: the diameter and / or diameter distribution of the fibers 108, the amount of merging between the fibers 108, and / or the regions , Purity level of fibers 108, properties of multilayer fabric 102, optical properties of fabric 102, fluid retention and / or fluid release properties of fabric 102, mechanical stability of fabric 102, fabric The smoothness of the surface 102, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber 108, and the like.

雖然未顯示，但各紡絲噴嘴122可包含聚合物溶液入口(polymer solution inlet)，萊賽爾紡絲液104係經由彼而供應至噴嘴122。經由空氣入口(air inlet)，可將氣流146施加至萊賽爾紡絲液104。從噴嘴122內部中之相互作用腔室(interaction chamber)開始且由噴嘴罩(jet casing)所隔，萊賽爾紡絲液104向下移動或加速(藉由將萊賽爾紡絲液104向下拉之氣流146)通過個別孔126，且在氣流146影響之下橫向變窄(laterally narrow)，以於萊賽爾紡絲液104在凝聚流體106環境中與氣流146一起向下移動時形成連續漸縮之纖維素長絲或纖維素纖維108。Although not shown, each spinning nozzle 122 may include a polymer solution inlet through which the Lyocell spinning solution 104 is supplied to the nozzle 122. Air flow 146 may be applied to the Lyocell spinning solution 104 via an air inlet. Starting from an interaction chamber inside the nozzle 122 and separated by a jet casing, the Lyocell dope 104 moves downward or accelerates (by moving the Lyocell dope 104 toward the The downdraft airflow 146) passes through the individual holes 126 and is laterally narrow under the influence of the airflow 146, so that the Lyocell dope 104 moves continuously with the airflow 146 in the condensed fluid 106 environment to form a continuous flow. Tapered cellulose filaments or cellulose fibers 108.

因而參照圖1所述之製造方法中所含的程序可包括使萊賽爾紡絲液104(其亦可表示為纖維素溶液)成形以形成液態股(liquid strand)或潛長絲(latent filament)，其係被氣流146拉且直徑顯著縮小以及長度增加。亦可包含在纖維支撐單元132上形成網之前或期間藉由凝聚流體106進行潛(latent)長絲或纖維108(或其預形物)之部分凝聚。將長絲或纖維108形成網狀織物102、清洗、乾燥以及視需要可進一步處理(見進一步處理單元134)。長絲或纖維108可例如收集於諸如旋轉桶(drum)或帶(belt)上，由此形成網。Therefore, the procedure included in the manufacturing method described with reference to FIG. 1 may include shaping the Lyocell spinning solution 104 (which may also be expressed as a cellulose solution) to form a liquid strand or a latent filament. ), Which is pulled by the airflow 146 and has a significantly reduced diameter and increased length. It may also include laminating filaments or fibers 108 (or their preforms) by agglomerating fluid 106 before or during the formation of a web on fiber support unit 132. The filaments or fibers 108 are formed into a mesh fabric 102, washed, dried, and further processed as needed (see further processing unit 134). The filaments or fibers 108 can be collected, for example, on a drum or belt, thereby forming a web.

由於上述製造程序且尤其是所使用之溶劑的選擇緣故，纖維108之銅含量低於5 ppm以及鎳含量低於2 ppm。此有利地改善織物102的純度。Due to the manufacturing process described above and, in particular, the choice of solvents used, the fiber 108 has a copper content of less than 5 ppm and a nickel content of less than 2 ppm. This advantageously improves the purity of the fabric 102.

根據本發明例示實施態樣之萊賽爾溶液吹紡的網(即，非織纖維素纖維織物102)展現一或多項下列性質：A lyocell solution-blown web (ie, non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102) according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention exhibits one or more of the following properties:

(i) 網之乾重(dry weight)為5至300 g/m²，較佳為10至80 g/m² 　　(ii) 網之厚度根據標準分別WSP120.6、DIN29073(特別是在本專利申請的優先權日時有效的最新版)為0.05至10.0 mm，較佳為0.1至2.5 mm 　　(iii) 網於MD之比韌度(specific tenacity)根據分別EN29073-3、ISO9073-3(特別是在本專利申請的優先權日時有效的最新版)，範圍為0.1至3.0 Nm²/g，較佳為0.4至2.3 Nm²/g 　　(iv) 網之平均伸長率(average elongation)根據分別EN29073-3、ISO9073-3(特別是在本專利申請的優先權日時有效的最新版)，範圍為0.5至100%，較佳為4至50%。 　　(v) 網之MD/CD韌度比(tenacity ratio)為1至12 　　(vi) 網之保水性(water retention)根據DIN 53814 (特別是在本專利申請的優先權日時有效的最新版)為1至250%，較佳為30至150% 　　(vii) 網之保水力(water holding capacity)根據DIN 53923 (特別是在本專利申請的優先權日時有效的最新版)範圍為90至2000%，較佳為400至1100%。 　　(viii) 金屬殘留量為銅含量低於5 ppm及鎳含量低於2 ppm，根據基材分解之標準EN 15587-2以及ICP-MS分析之EN 17294-2。(i) The dry weight of the net is 5 to 300 g / m², preferably 10 to 80 g / m². (ii) The thickness of the net is WSP120.6, DIN29073 (especially in this patent application) The latest version valid at the priority date) is 0.05 to 10.0 mm, preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mm. (Iii) Specific tenacity of the mesh in MD is based on EN29073-3 and ISO9073-3 (especially in this patent). The latest version valid at the priority date of the application), ranging from 0.1 to 3.0 Nm² / g, preferably 0.4 to 2.3 Nm² / g (iv) The average elongation of the net is based on EN29073-3 and ISO9073-3, respectively (Especially the latest version effective at the priority date of this patent application), the range is 0.5 to 100%, preferably 4 to 50%. (v) The MD / CD tenacity ratio of the net is 1 to 12 (vi) The water retention of the net according to DIN 53814 (especially the latest version effective at the priority date of this patent application) is 1 to 250%, preferably 30 to 150% The water holding capacity of the (vii) net according to DIN 53923 (especially the latest version valid at the priority date of this patent application) ranges from 90 to 2000%, It is preferably 400 to 1100%. (Viii) The residual metal content is less than 5 ppm copper and less than 2 ppm nickel, according to EN 15587-2, the standard for decomposition of substrates, and EN 17294-2 for ICP-MS analysis.

最佳的，萊賽爾溶液噴紡之網展現前文提及之全部性質(i)至(viii)。Most preferably, the lyocell solution-jet-spun web exhibits all the properties (i) to (viii) mentioned above.

如所述，用以製造非織纖維素纖維織物102之方法較佳包含： 　　(a) 經由至少一噴嘴122之孔126將包含溶於NMMO之纖維素的溶液(見元件符號104)擠出，從而形成萊賽爾紡絲液104之長絲 　　(b) 藉由氣態流(見元件符號146)拉伸萊賽爾紡絲液104之長絲 　　(c) 使長絲與較佳係含水的蒸氣霧(見元件符號106)接觸，從而至少部分沉澱該纖維108。因此，長絲或纖維108係於形成網或非織纖維素纖維織物102之前至少部分沉澱。 　　(d) 收集及沉澱該長絲或纖維108以形成網或非織纖維素纖維織物102 　　(e) 於清洗管路(見清洗單元180)中去除溶劑 　　(f) 隨意地(Optionally)透過水力纏結、針扎等(見進一步處理單元134)結合 　　(g) 乾燥及捲起收集As mentioned, the method for manufacturing the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 preferably includes: (a) extruding a solution containing cellulose dissolved in NMMO (see element symbol 104) through the hole 126 of at least one nozzle 122, The filaments of the Lysell dope 104 are thus formed (b) The filaments of the Lysell dope 104 are drawn by a gaseous flow (see element symbol 146). The mist (see element symbol 106) is in contact, thereby at least partially depositing the fibers 108. Thus, the filaments or fibers 108 are at least partially precipitated before forming the web or nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric 102. (d) Collecting and precipitating the filaments or fibers 108 to form a web or a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 (e) Remove the solvent in the cleaning line (see cleaning unit 180) (f) Optionally entangle through the water Knots, needles, etc. (see further processing unit 134) combined (g) dried and rolled up to collect

非織纖維素纖維織物102之成分可藉由合併(merging)、交纏(intermingling)、氫鍵結、物理結合(諸如水力纏結或針扎)及/或化學結合而結合。The components of the nonwoven cellulosic fiber fabric 102 may be combined by merging, intermingling, hydrogen bonding, physical bonding (such as hydroentanglement or pinning), and / or chemical bonding.

為了進一步處理，非織纖維素纖維織物102可與相同的及/或另外的材料之一或多層組合，諸如(未圖示)合成聚合物、纖維素短纖漿(cellulosic fluff pulp)之層；纖維素或合成聚合物纖維、雙組分纖維之非織網；纖維素漿(諸如氣流成網或濕式成網漿)之網；高韌度纖維、疏水性材料、高性能纖維(諸如耐溫材料或阻燃材料)之網或織物；使最終產品之機械性質改變的層(諸如聚丙烯或聚酯層)；可生物降解之材料(例如從聚乳酸形成之膜、纖維或網)及/或高蓬鬆材料(high bulk material)。For further processing, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 may be combined with one or more layers of the same and / or additional materials, such as (not shown) a layer of synthetic polymer, cellulosic fluff pulp; Non-woven webs of cellulose or synthetic polymer fibers, bicomponent fibers; webs of cellulose pulp (such as airlaid or wet-laid pulp); high tenacity fibers, hydrophobic materials, high-performance fibers (such as Fabrics or fabrics such as warm or flame retardant materials); layers (such as polypropylene or polyester layers) that alter the mechanical properties of the final product; biodegradable materials (such as films, fibers, or nets formed from polylactic acid) and / Or high bulk material.

亦可組合數個可區別之非織纖維素纖維織物102的層，參見例如圖7。Several distinguishable layers of non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 can also be combined, see, for example, FIG. 7.

非織纖維素纖維織物102基本上可只由纖維素組成。或者，非織纖維素纖維織物102可包含纖維素及一或多種其他纖維材料之混合物。此外，非織纖維素纖維織物102可包含雙組分纖維材料。非織纖維素纖維織物102中之纖維材料可至少部分包含改質物質。改質物質可選自例如由下列所組成之群組：聚合樹脂、無機樹脂、無機顏料、抗菌產品、奈米顆粒、洗劑、阻燃產品、吸收性改良添加劑諸如超吸收性樹脂(superabsorbent resin)、離子交換樹脂，碳化合物諸如活性碳、石墨、導電性之碳、X射線對比物質(X-ray contrast substance)、發光顏料、以及染料。The nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric 102 may consist essentially of cellulose only. Alternatively, the nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric 102 may include a mixture of cellulose and one or more other fiber materials. In addition, the nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric 102 may include a bicomponent fiber material. The fibrous material in the non-woven cellulose fibrous fabric 102 may at least partially include a modified substance. The modifying substance may be selected, for example, from the group consisting of a polymer resin, an inorganic resin, an inorganic pigment, an antibacterial product, nano particles, a lotion, a flame retardant product, and an absorption improving additive such as a superabsorbent resin. ), Ion exchange resins, carbon compounds such as activated carbon, graphite, conductive carbon, X-ray contrast substance, luminescent pigment, and dye.

結論是，直接由萊賽爾紡絲液104製造之纖維素非織網或非織纖維素纖維織物102使得能達到由短纖途徑無法達成的加值之網性能。此包括可能形成均勻輕量網、製造微纖維產品(microfiber product)、以及製造形成網之連續長絲或纖維108。此外，相較於來自短纖之網，有數個製造程序不再需要。此外，根據本發明例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102為可生物降解的且係從永續來源之原材料(sustainably sourced raw material)(即，木漿110等)製造。此外，其具有純度及吸收性方面的優點。除此之外，其具有可調整之機械強度、勁度(stiffness)及柔軟度。此外，根據本發明例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102可製成具有低單位面積重量(例如，10至30 g/m²)。小至直徑不超過5 µm(特別是不超過3 µm)的極細長絲可用此技術製造。另外，根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102可形成具有廣範圍之網美感(web aesthetics)，例如似扁平脆膜(crispy film)方式、似紙方式、或似柔軟可撓性紡織品方式。藉由調適所述程序之製程參數，可進一步精確地調整非織纖維素纖維織物102的勁度及機械剛性或可撓性及柔軟度。此可例如藉由調整合併位置數、層數，或藉由後處理(諸如針扎、水力纏結及/或軋光)來調整。特別可製造具有降至10 g/m² 或更低之相對低基重的非織纖維素纖維織物102，以獲得具有非常小直徑(例如，降至3至5 µm或更低)等等之長絲或纖維108。The conclusion is that the cellulosic nonwoven web or nonwoven cellulosic fiber fabric 102 made directly from Lyocell dope 104 makes it possible to achieve value-added web performance that cannot be achieved by the staple fiber route. This includes the possibility of forming uniform lightweight webs, manufacturing microfiber products, and manufacturing continuous filaments or fibers 108 forming a web. In addition, there are several manufacturing processes that are no longer required compared to webs from staple fiber. In addition, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is biodegradable and is manufactured from a sustainably sourced raw material (ie, wood pulp 110, etc.). In addition, it has advantages in terms of purity and absorbency. In addition, it has adjustable mechanical strength, stiffness and softness. In addition, the nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric 102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be made to have a low basis weight (for example, 10 to 30 g / m²). Extremely thin filaments as small as 5 µm in diameter (especially 3 µm) can be manufactured using this technique. In addition, the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can form a wide range of web aesthetics, such as a crispy film-like method, a paper-like method, or a soft-like Flexible textile way. By adjusting the process parameters of the program, the stiffness and mechanical rigidity or flexibility and softness of the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 can be further accurately adjusted. This can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the number of merged positions, the number of layers, or by post-processing such as pinning, hydroentangling, and / or calendering. Particularly, a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 having a relatively low basis weight reduced to 10 g / m ² or lower can be manufactured to have a very small diameter (for example, reduced to 3 to 5 µm or lower) and the like Filaments or fibers 108.

圖 2 、圖 3 及圖 4 顯示藉由對應製程控制完成個別纖維108之合併的根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102的實驗拍攝影像。圖2至圖4中之橢圓形標記顯示多個纖維108彼此整合結合之合併區。在此等合併點，二或更多纖維108可互連以形成整體結構。 FIG. 2 , FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 show experimental photographed images of a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in which individual fibers 108 are merged by corresponding process control. The oval marks in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 show merged areas where a plurality of fibers 108 are integrated with each other. At these merging points, two or more fibers 108 may be interconnected to form a monolithic structure.

圖 5 及圖 6 顯示其中已完成纖維108的膨脹之根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102的實驗拍攝影像，其中，圖5顯示呈乾燥非膨脹狀態(dry non-swollen state)的纖維織物102，圖6顯示呈潮濕膨脹狀態(humid swollen state)之纖維織物102。可於圖5及圖6二者狀態下測量孔徑且彼此比較。於計算30個測量之平均值時，可測得因纖維108於水性介質中膨脹所致的孔徑縮小係至高達其初始直徑的47%。 Figures 5 and 6 show the fibers 108 which have been completed the expansion of one illustrative embodiment of the aspect of nonwoven cellulosic fiber textile experiments captured image 102 according to the present invention, wherein, Figure 5 shows in a dry non-expanded state (dry non-swollen state fiber fabric 102, FIG. 6 shows the fiber fabric 102 in a humid swollen state. The apertures can be measured in both FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 and compared with each other. When calculating the average of 30 measurements, it can be determined that the pore diameter reduction due to the expansion of the fiber 108 in the aqueous medium is as high as 47% of its original diameter.

圖 7 顯示根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102的實驗拍攝影像，其中，纖維108之兩疊置層200、202的形成係藉由對應程序設計(即，多個紡嘴之接續設置)完成。這兩個個別但結合之層200、202於圖7中係以水平線指示。例如，n層織物102 (n≥2)可藉由沿著縱向(machine direction)接續設置n個紡嘴或噴嘴122來製造。 FIG. 7 shows an experimental photographic image of a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in which the two superposed layers 200, 202 of the fiber 108 are formed by a corresponding program design (i.e., multiple spinning Mouth splice setting) is completed. These two individual but combined layers 200, 202 are indicated by horizontal lines in FIG. For example, the n-layer fabric 102 (n ≧ 2) can be manufactured by successively providing n spinning nozzles or nozzles 122 in the machine direction.

本發明之具體例示實施態樣將於下文中更詳細說明：Specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below:

圖 8 顯示根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102的實驗拍攝影像。於所示實施態樣中，已藉由製程控制調整合併因子為幾乎100%(更精確地：約98%)。因極高的合併因子，圖8所顯示之織物102為具有如膜之相似一致性(consistency)的實質上連續薄片。此種織物102具有似扁平膜行為。從圖8可看出，可調整用於調整合併之製程參數以引發形成能獲得實質上連續之膜形織物102的合併位置204之量。 FIG. 8 shows an experimental shooting image of the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown, the merge factor has been adjusted to almost 100% (more precisely: approximately 98%) by process control. Due to the extremely high consolidation factor, the fabric 102 shown in FIG. 8 is a substantially continuous sheet with similar consistency as a film. Such a fabric 102 has a flat film-like behavior. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the process parameters used to adjust the merge can be adjusted to trigger the formation of an amount of merge positions 204 that can obtain a substantially continuous film-shaped fabric 102.

圖8之左上影像用第一比例顯示織物，該第一比例圖示於左側***圖塊，其顯示表示500 µm長度的長條。圖8之右下影像用明顯大於第一比例之第二比例顯示該織物。右側***圖塊中之對應長條表示20 µm長度。The upper left image of FIG. 8 shows the fabric in a first scale, which is inserted into the tile on the left, showing a bar representing a length of 500 μm. The lower right image of FIG. 8 shows the fabric in a second scale that is significantly larger than the first scale. The corresponding bar inserted in the block on the right indicates a length of 20 µm.

圖 9 顯示根據本發明另一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物102的實驗拍攝影像。於所示的實施態樣中，已藉由製程控制調整合併因子為幾乎0(更精確地：低於2%)。此織物102具有似柔軟可撓性紡織品(soft flexible textile)行為。因非常小之合併因子，圖9所顯示之織物102為僅經由少許合併位置204弱聯結(weakly linked)的纖維108之網狀結構。然而，在織物102的大部分中，纖維108僅彼此摩擦耦合(friction-coupled)與纏結(entangled)而非藉由合併(merging)耦合。結果係相對可撓性織物102，然藉由合併位置204、纏結、摩擦及纖維間之氫鍵結(inter-fiber hydrogen bonding)適當地保持在一起。 FIG. 9 shows an experimental image of a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown, the merge factor has been adjusted to almost 0 (more precisely: less than 2%) by process control. This fabric 102 has a soft flexible textile-like behavior. Due to the very small consolidation factor, the fabric 102 shown in FIG. 9 is a network of weakly linked fibers 108 that pass through only a few of the consolidation locations 204. However, in most of the fabric 102, the fibers 108 are only friction-coupled and entangled with each other and not coupled by merging. The result is relatively flexible fabric 102, but is held together properly by merging positions 204, entanglement, friction, and inter-fiber hydrogen bonding.

圖9之左上影像用第一比例(scale)顯示織物，該第一比例與圖8之左上影像的比例相同。圖9之右下影像用大於第一比例之第二比例顯示該織物。右側***圖塊中之對應長條表示20 µm之長度。The upper left image of FIG. 9 shows the fabric in a first scale, which is the same as the upper left image of FIG. 8. The lower right image of FIG. 9 shows the fabric in a second scale larger than the first scale. The corresponding bar inserted in the block on the right indicates a length of 20 µm.

具有這樣小合併因子之織物展現複數個在相鄰的纖維之間的空隙(void)或間隙(gap)。關於吸油能力，該等空隙或間隙是否具有用於容納油顆粒之適當大小會是關鍵的。無論如何，圖9中所顯示之織物102的吸油能力應必然明顯大於圖8所示之織物102的吸油能力。A fabric with such a small merger factor exhibits a plurality of voids or gaps between adjacent fibers. Regarding the oil absorption capacity, whether such voids or gaps have a proper size for containing oil particles may be critical. In any case, the oil absorption capacity of the fabric 102 shown in FIG. 9 must be significantly larger than that of the fabric 102 shown in FIG. 8.

圖10及圖11顯示展現不同的合併因子之兩個非織纖維素纖維織物的實驗拍攝影像。圖10之織物102的合併因子係小於圖11之織物102的合併因子。因此，慮及吸油能力隨合併因子變化，應明白需要最大吸油能力時，最小合併因子與最大合併因子之間應有合併因子的最佳值。Figures 10 and 11 show experimentally taken images of two nonwoven cellulose fiber fabrics showing different merging factors. The merge factor of the fabric 102 of FIG. 10 is smaller than the merge factor of the fabric 102 of FIG. 11. Therefore, considering that the oil absorption capacity changes with the combination factor, it should be understood that when the maximum oil absorption capacity is required, there should be an optimal value of the combination factor between the minimum combination factor and the maximum combination factor.

圖 12 圖示說明根據本發明一例示實施態樣之用於製造由無端之纖維素纖維108的兩堆疊層200、202所構成之非織纖維素纖維織物102的裝置100之一部分。圖12中所顯示之裝置100與圖1所顯示之裝置100之間的差異為根據圖12之裝置100包含兩續排(serially aligned)之具有孔126的噴嘴122以及個別分配之凝聚單元128，如前文所述。在此所述之實施態樣中，兩個凝聚單元128各分配給噴嘴122中之一者。在圖12中，一個凝聚單元128係位於在噴嘴122與纖維支撐單元132間延伸的萊賽爾紡絲液104之路徑的左側，而另一凝聚單元128係位於該路徑的各別右側。由於輸送帶型纖維支撐單元132之可移動纖維容納表面，圖12左側之上游噴嘴122產生層200。層202係藉由下游噴嘴122產生(見圖12之右側)且係附接至先前所形成之層202的上主要表面，以獲得織物102之雙層200、202。 FIG. 12 illustrates a part of an apparatus 100 for manufacturing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 composed of two stacked layers 200, 202 of endless cellulose fibers 108 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the device 100 shown in FIG. 12 and the device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is that the device 100 according to FIG. 12 includes two serially aligned nozzles 122 with holes 126 and individually assigned condensation units 128, as described above. In the embodiment described herein, the two coalescing units 128 are each assigned to one of the nozzles 122. In FIG. 12, one agglomeration unit 128 is located on the left side of the path of the Lyocell dope 104 extending between the nozzle 122 and the fiber support unit 132, and the other agglomeration unit 128 is located on the respective right side of the path. Due to the movable fiber-receiving surface of the belt-type fiber support unit 132, the upstream nozzle 122 on the left side of FIG. 12 produces the layer 200. The layer 202 is produced by the downstream nozzle 122 (see the right side of FIG. 12) and is attached to the upper major surface of the previously formed layer 202 to obtain the double layers 200, 202 of the fabric 102.

根據圖12，控制單元140(控制噴嘴122及全部凝聚單元128)係用以調整製程參數，以使不同的層200、202之纖維108的纖維直徑差異大於50%(相對於最小直徑)。藉由控制單元140調整層200、202之纖維108的纖維直徑可包含調整與萊賽爾紡絲液104相互作用的凝聚流體106之量。另外，圖12之實施態樣藉由沿著可移動的纖維支撐單元132接續設置多個具有孔126之噴嘴122(隨意地具有不同性質)來調整用於調整纖維直徑的製程參數。例如，不同性質可為不同的孔126直徑、不同的氣流146之速度、不同的氣流146之量、及/或不同的氣流146壓力。雖然圖12中未圖示，但可在收集於纖維支撐單元132上之後進一步處理纖維108，例如藉由水力纏絡、針扎、浸漬、以加壓蒸汽蒸汽處理及/或軋光。According to FIG. 12, the control unit 140 (the control nozzle 122 and all the coalescing units 128) is used to adjust the process parameters so that the fiber diameter difference of the fibers 108 in different layers 200 and 202 is greater than 50% (relative to the minimum diameter). Adjusting the fiber diameter of the fibers 108 of the layers 200, 202 by the control unit 140 may include adjusting the amount of the condensed fluid 106 that interacts with the Lyocell spinning solution 104. In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 12, a plurality of nozzles 122 (optionally having different properties) having holes 126 are successively arranged along the movable fiber supporting unit 132 to adjust the process parameters for adjusting the fiber diameter. For example, the different properties may be different diameters of the holes 126, different speeds of the air flow 146, different amounts of the air flow 146, and / or different pressures of the air flow 146. Although not shown in FIG. 12, the fibers 108 may be further processed after being collected on the fiber support unit 132, such as by hydroentanglement, pinning, impregnation, treatment with pressurized steam, and / or calendering.

另外參照圖12中圖示之實施態樣，可提供一或更多另外的噴嘴條或噴嘴122，以及可沿著纖維支撐單元132之運送方向接續設置。多個噴嘴122可用以使纖維108之另一層202可沉積在先前形成之層200上面，較佳係於層200及/或層202的纖維108之凝聚或固化程序完全完成(其可引發合併)之前進行。當適當地調整製程參數時，此可具有在多層織物102之性質方面的有利影響。In addition, referring to the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, one or more additional nozzle strips or nozzles 122 may be provided, and may be successively disposed along the conveying direction of the fiber support unit 132. The plurality of nozzles 122 may be used to allow another layer 202 of the fibers 108 to be deposited on the previously formed layer 200, preferably the condensation or curing process of the fibers 108 of the layer 200 and / or layer 202 is completely completed (which may trigger consolidation) Before. This may have a beneficial effect on the properties of the multilayer fabric 102 when the process parameters are properly adjusted.

不希望受到特殊理論限制，目前認為第二層202可視為第一層200之強化，提高所得之多層織物102的總均勻性(total homogeneity)。機械安定性之提高可由纖維直徑變化(特別是個別纖維108的纖維間之直徑變化及/或纖維內之縱向直徑變化)而進一步改善。當施加較深(特別是穿刺(punctual))壓力(例如由空氣或水提供)時，纖維108之橫斷面形狀可進一步刻意扭曲，其有利地造成進一步提高的機械安定性。Without wishing to be bound by a particular theory, it is currently considered that the second layer 202 can be regarded as a reinforcement of the first layer 200 to improve the total homogeneity of the obtained multilayer fabric 102. The improvement in mechanical stability can be further improved by changes in fiber diameter (especially changes in the diameter between the fibers of the individual fibers 108 and / or changes in the longitudinal diameter within the fibers). When deeper (especially punctual) pressure is applied (such as provided by air or water), the cross-sectional shape of the fibers 108 can be further deliberately distorted, which advantageously results in further improved mechanical stability.

另一方面，可引發根據圖12之織物102的纖維108之間的預期合併，以進一步提高織物102之機械安定性。在此背景之下，合併可為纖維108之接觸長絲的受支撐接觸點黏著，特別是於合併的纖維108之一或二者的凝聚程序完成之前。例如，可藉由流體流(例如空氣或水之流)提高接觸壓力來促進合併。藉由採用該措施，一方面層200、202之一的長絲或纖維108之間以及另一方面層200、202之間的凝聚強度會增加。On the other hand, an expected merger between the fibers 108 of the fabric 102 according to FIG. 12 may be triggered to further improve the mechanical stability of the fabric 102. In this context, merging may be the adhesion of the supported contact points of the contacting filaments of the fibers 108, especially before the agglomeration procedure of one or both of the merging fibers 108 is completed. For example, consolidation can be promoted by increasing the contact pressure by a fluid flow, such as a flow of air or water. By adopting this measure, the cohesive strength between the filaments or fibers 108 of one of the layers 200, 202 and on the other hand, between the layers 200, 202 is increased.

根據圖12之用以製造多層織物102的裝置100，實施很多製程參數，其可用以調整纖維108還有纖維層200、202之設計形狀及/或直徑或直徑分布。此係多個噴嘴122之接續設置的結果，其各可採用個別可調整的製程參數操作。According to the apparatus 100 for manufacturing the multi-layer fabric 102 of FIG. 12, many process parameters are implemented, which can be used to adjust the design shape and / or diameter or diameter distribution of the fibers 108 and the fiber layers 200, 202. This is the result of successive setting of multiple nozzles 122, each of which can be operated with individually adjustable process parameters.

根據圖12之裝置100，特別可製造由至少兩層200、202(較佳為多於兩層)所構成的織物102。不同的層200、202之纖維108可具有不同的直徑值，以及可於一連續程序中形成。藉由採用該措施，可確保高效率製造非織纖維素纖維織物102，此尤其使得能在一運送程序中將所得之多層織物102轉移至用於進一步處理之處。According to the device 100 of FIG. 12, a fabric 102 composed of at least two layers 200, 202 (preferably more than two layers) can be manufactured. The fibers 108 of different layers 200, 202 may have different diameter values and may be formed in a continuous process. By adopting this measure, it is possible to ensure that the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 is manufactured with high efficiency, which in particular enables the obtained multilayered fabric 102 to be transferred to a place for further processing in a shipping process.

藉由多層織物102之界定的層分離，亦可於稍後將多層織物102分成不同的個別層200、202或分成不同的多層部分。根據本發明之例示實施態樣，一層200、202的纖維108之層內黏著(intra -layer adhesion)以及相鄰層200、202之間的纖維108之層間黏著(inter -layer adhesion) (例如藉由合併及/或藉由摩擦產生接觸)可適當及個別地調整。各層200、202之對應的分離控制可個別地尤其是如下而獲得：調整製程參數以使在纖維108之另一層200置於一層202的上面時該層202之纖維108的凝聚或固化已完成。By separating the defined layers of the multi-layer fabric 102, the multi-layer fabric 102 can also be divided into different individual layers 200, 202 or into different multi-layer portions later. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, intra- layer adhesion of fibers 108 of one layer 200 and 202 and inter- layer adhesion of fibers 108 between adjacent layers 200 and 202 (for example, by borrowing (Making contact by combining and / or by friction) can be adjusted appropriately and individually. The corresponding separation control of each layer 200, 202 can be obtained individually and especially as follows: the process parameters are adjusted so that the aggregation or curing of the fibers 108 of the layer 202 is completed when another layer 200 of the fibers 108 is placed on top of the layer 202.

圖13圖示包含三個網狀結構層之非織纖維素纖維織物102。第一(下方)纖維網狀結構層係以元件符號200表示。於該第一纖維網狀結構層200上形成之第二(中間)纖維網狀結構層係以元件符號202表示。於該第二纖維網狀結構層202上形成之另一(上方)纖維網狀結構層係以元件符號202’表示。如前文已提及，織物102可包含多於三個堆疊的纖維網狀結構層。FIG. 13 illustrates a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric 102 including three layers of a mesh structure. The first (lower) fiber network structure layer is indicated by the reference numeral 200. The second (intermediate) fiber network structure layer formed on the first fiber network structure layer 200 is indicated by a component symbol 202. The other (upper) fibrous mesh structure layer formed on the second fibrous mesh structure layer 202 is indicated by a component symbol 202 '. As already mentioned previously, the fabric 102 may include more than three stacked fibrous mesh structure layers.

從圖11可進一步看出，三個纖維網狀結構層200、202、202’具有不同厚度。該第一纖維網狀結構層200具有第一厚度t1。該第二纖維網狀結構層202具有第二厚度t2。該另一纖維網狀結構層202’具有第三厚度t3。It can be further seen from Fig. 11 that the three fiber mesh structure layers 200, 202, 202 'have different thicknesses. The first fiber mesh structure layer 200 has a first thickness t1. The second fiber mesh structure layer 202 has a second thickness t2. The other fiber network structure layer 202 'has a third thickness t3.

應注意用語「包含」不排除其他元件或步驟，使用冠詞「一(a)」或「一(an)」不排除複數個。亦可組合與不同實施態樣相關所述的元件。亦應注意申請專利範圍中之元件符號不應解讀為限制申請專利範圍的範疇。It should be noted that the term "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the use of the articles "a" or "an" does not exclude plural. The elements described in relation to different embodiments can also be combined. It should also be noted that the component symbols in the scope of patent application should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of patent application.

下文中，說明產生合併因子之變化的實例且見於下表中。獲致纖維素纖維織物之不同合併因子係可藉由改變凝聚噴霧流且使用恆定紡絲液(即，具有恆定稠度(consistency)之紡絲液)，特別是萊賽爾紡絲液，以及恆定氣流(例如空氣通量(air throughput))。藉此，可觀察凝聚噴霧流(coagulation spray flow)與合併因子之間的關係，即，合併行為趨勢(凝聚噴霧流愈高，則合併因子愈低)。MD特此表示縱向(machine direction)，CD表示橫向(cross direction)。 In the following, examples of changes that cause the merging factor are shown and are shown in the table below. Different merger factors that result in cellulosic fiber fabrics can be achieved by changing the coherent spray stream and using a constant spinning solution (i.e., a spinning solution with a constant consistency), especially a Lyocell spinning solution, and a constant airflow (Such as air throughput). Thereby, the relationship between the coagulation spray flow and the merging factor can be observed, that is, the merging behavior trend (the higher the coagulation spray flow, the lower the merging factor). MD hereby stands for machine direction and CD stands for cross direction.

柔軟度(softness)(由已知之比手感(Specific Hand)測量技術說明，其係根據非織布標準WSP90.3(特別是在本專利申請的優先權日時有效的最新版)用所謂「Handle-O-Meter」測量)可循上述合併趨勢。韌度(tenacity)(以Fmax說明)，例如根據分別EN29073-3、ISO9073-3(特別是在本專利申請的優先權日時有效的最新版)，亦可循所述之合併趨勢。因而，所得之非織纖維素纖維織物的柔軟度及韌度可根據合併程度(如具體之合併因子)調整。Softness (specified by known Specific Hand measurement technology, which is based on the non-woven standard WSP90.3 (especially the latest version effective at the priority date of this patent application) uses the so-called "Handle- O-Meter "measurement) can follow the consolidation trend described above. Tenacity (explained as Fmax), for example, according to EN29073-3, ISO9073-3 (especially the latest version valid at the priority date of this patent application), may also follow the stated consolidation trend. Therefore, the softness and toughness of the obtained non-woven cellulose fiber fabric can be adjusted according to the degree of merger (such as a specific merger factor).

100‧‧‧用於製造非織纖維素纖維織物之裝置100‧‧‧ Device for manufacturing non-woven cellulose fiber fabric

102‧‧‧非織纖維素纖維織物/網狀織物102‧‧‧Non-woven cellulose fiber fabric / mesh fabric

104‧‧‧萊賽爾紡絲液104‧‧‧Lyocell Spinning Solution

106‧‧‧凝聚流體106‧‧‧ Condensed fluid

108‧‧‧纖維108‧‧‧ fiber

110‧‧‧木漿110‧‧‧wood pulp

112‧‧‧水容器112‧‧‧water container

113‧‧‧計量單元113‧‧‧Measuring unit

114‧‧‧貯存槽114‧‧‧Storage tank

116‧‧‧溶劑容器116‧‧‧Solvent container

118‧‧‧清洗單元118‧‧‧cleaning unit

119‧‧‧混合單元119‧‧‧ mixing unit

120‧‧‧溶解單元120‧‧‧ Dissolution Unit

122‧‧‧噴嘴122‧‧‧ Nozzle

124‧‧‧纖維形成單元124‧‧‧ fiber forming unit

126‧‧‧孔126‧‧‧hole

128‧‧‧凝聚單元128‧‧‧ agglomeration unit

132‧‧‧(輸送帶型)纖維支撐單元132‧‧‧ (conveyor belt type) fiber support unit

134‧‧‧進一步處理單元134‧‧‧Further processing unit

136‧‧‧輥136‧‧‧roller

140‧‧‧控制單元140‧‧‧control unit

146‧‧‧氣流146‧‧‧airflow

200‧‧‧合併的層/第一網狀結構層200‧‧‧ Merged layer / first mesh layer

202‧‧‧合併的層/第二網狀結構層202‧‧‧Combined layer / second mesh layer

202’‧‧‧合併的層/另一網狀結構層202’‧‧‧ merged layer / another mesh structure layer

204‧‧‧合併位置204‧‧‧ Merged position

t1、t2、t3‧‧‧層厚度t1, t2, t3‧‧‧layer thickness

圖1圖示說明根據本發明一例示實施態樣之用於製造直接由萊賽爾紡絲液(藉由凝聚流體凝聚)形成的非織纖維素纖維織物之裝置。 　　圖2至圖4顯示藉由特定製程控制完成個別纖維之合併的根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物的實驗拍攝影像。 　　圖5及圖6顯示其中已完成纖維的膨脹(swelling)之根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物的實驗拍攝影像，其中，圖5顯示呈乾燥非膨脹狀態的纖維織物，圖6顯示呈潮濕膨脹狀態之纖維織物。 　　圖7顯示根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物的實驗拍攝影像，其中兩疊置纖維層之形成係藉由實施兩個接續之噴嘴條的特定方法完成。 　　圖8顯示根據本發明一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物的實驗拍攝影像，其中，藉由製程控制調整合併因子為幾乎100%。 　　圖9顯示根據本發明另一例示實施態樣之非織纖維素纖維織物的實驗拍攝影像，其中，藉由製程控制調整合併因子為幾乎0%。 　　圖10及11顯示因不同的合併因子而展現不同的吸油能力之兩個非織纖維素纖維織物的兩個實驗拍攝影像。 　　圖12圖示說明根據本發明一例示實施態樣之用於製造由無端之纖維素纖維網的兩個堆疊層所構成之非織纖維素纖維織物的裝置之一部分。 　　圖13圖示包含三個網狀結構層之非織纖維素纖維織物。FIG. 1 illustrates an apparatus for manufacturing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric formed directly from a Lyocell spinning solution (agglomerated by a coacervating fluid) according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2 to 4 show experimental photographic images of a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in which individual fibers are merged by a specific process control. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show experimental shooting images of a nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in which the fibers are swelled, wherein FIG. 5 shows the fiber fabric in a dry non-expanded state, Figure 6 shows the fabric in a wet expanded state. FIG. 7 shows an experimental photographic image of a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in which the formation of two superposed fiber layers is performed by implementing a specific method of two consecutive nozzle strips. FIG. 8 shows an experimental shooting image of a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in which a merge factor is adjusted to almost 100% by process control. FIG. 9 shows an experimental shooting image of a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in which a merge factor is adjusted to almost 0% by process control. Figures 10 and 11 show two experimental images of two nonwoven cellulose fiber fabrics exhibiting different oil absorption capabilities due to different merging factors. Fig. 12 illustrates a part of an apparatus for manufacturing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric composed of two stacked layers of an endless cellulose fiber web according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 illustrates a non-woven cellulosic fiber fabric including three layers of a mesh structure.

Claims (14)

一種非織纖維素纖維織物(102)，特別是由萊賽爾紡絲液(lyocell spinning solution)(104)直接製造，該織物(102)包含 　　實質上無端(endless)之纖維(108)的網狀結構，其中，該織物(102)展現至少1900質量百分比之吸油能力， 　　其中，該織物(102)包含的單位面積質量(mass per unit area)為小於150克/平方公尺， 　　其中，該網狀結構展現之纖維(108)的合併因子 (merging factor)係在0.5%至10%的範圍，以及 　　其中，該非織纖維素纖維織物(102)基本上僅由纖維素所組成。A non-woven cellulose fiber fabric (102), especially made directly from a lyocell spinning solution (104), the fabric (102) comprising a web of substantially endless fibers (108) Structure, wherein the fabric (102) exhibits an oil absorption capacity of at least 1900 mass percent, wherein the fabric (102) contains a mass per unit area of less than 150 grams per square meter, wherein the net The merging factor of the fibers (108) exhibited by the structure is in the range of 0.5% to 10%, and wherein the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric (102) consists essentially of cellulose only. 如前述申請專利範圍之織物(102)，其中，該織物(102)包含的單位面積質量為小於100克/平方公尺，特別是小於50克/平方公尺，更特別是小於20克/平方公尺。For example, the fabric (102) in the aforementioned patent application range, wherein the fabric (102) contains a mass per unit area of less than 100 g / m 2, particularly less than 50 g / m 2, and more particularly less than 20 g / m 2 meter. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之織物(102)，其中 　　至少一些個別纖維係彼此撚合(twist)，及/或 　　至少一另外的纖維結構係與其他纖維結構撚合。For example, the fabric (102) of item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein at least some of the individual fiber lines are twisted with each other, and / or at least one other fiber structure is twisted with other fiber structures. 如前述申請專利範圍中任一項之織物(102)，其中，該織物(102)展現之吸油能力為至少2100質量百分比，特別是至少2300質量百分比，更特別是至少2500質量百分比。The fabric (102) according to any one of the aforementioned patent applications, wherein the fabric (102) exhibits an oil absorption capacity of at least 2100 mass percent, particularly at least 2300 mass percent, and more particularly at least 2500 mass percent. 如前述申請專利範圍中任一項之織物(102)，其中，不同的纖維(108)係至少部分位於不同的可區分的層(200，202)。The fabric (102) according to any one of the aforementioned patent applications, wherein different fibers (108) are at least partially located in different distinguishable layers (200, 202). 如前述申請專利範圍之織物(102)，其包含至少一下列特徵： 　　不同的層(200，202)之纖維(108)係於層(200，202)之間的至少一層間合併位置(merging position)(204)整合結合； 　　至少部分位於不同的層(200，202)之不同的纖維(108)的纖維直徑不同，特別是平均纖維直徑不同； 　　不同的層(200，202)之纖維(108)具有相同纖維直徑，特別是具有實質上相同的平均纖維直徑； 　　不同的層(200，202)之纖維(108)網狀結構提供不同的功能性，其中，不同的功能性尤其包含由下列所組成之群組的至少一者：不同的芯吸性(wicking)、不同的異向性行為(anisotropic behavior)、不同的液體吸收能力、不同的耐清潔性(cleanability)、不同的光學性質、不同的粗糙度、不同的平滑度、以及不同的機械性質。The fabric (102), as in the aforementioned patent application scope, includes at least one of the following features: 纤维 The fibers (108) of different layers (200, 202) are tied to at least one of the merging positions between the layers (200, 202) ) (204) Integration; Different fibers (108) at least partially located in different layers (200, 202) have different fiber diameters, especially different average fiber diameters; 纤维 Different layers (200, 202) of fibers (108) Having the same fiber diameter, in particular having substantially the same average fiber diameter; 网 the network of fibers (108) of different layers (200, 202) provides different functionalities, among which the different functionalities include in particular the composition of At least one of the group: different wicking, different anisotropic behavior, different liquid absorption capacity, different cleanability, different optical properties, different roughness Degrees, different smoothness, and different mechanical properties. 如前述申請專利範圍第5及6項兩項中任一項之織物(102)，其中，於不同的層中之纖維網狀結構具有不同的合併因子。The fabric (102) according to any one of items 5 and 6 of the aforementioned patent application scope, wherein the fiber network structure in different layers has different merging factors. 如前述申請專利範圍中任一項之織物(102)，其中，該纖維(108)的銅含量低於5 ppm及/或鎳含量低於2 ppm。The fabric (102) according to any one of the foregoing patent applications, wherein the fiber (108) has a copper content of less than 5 ppm and / or a nickel content of less than 2 ppm. 一種直接由萊賽爾紡絲液(104)製造非織纖維素纖維織物(102)之方法，特別是如前述申請專利範圍中任一項之織物(102)，該方法包含 　　使萊賽爾紡絲液(104)通過具有孔(126)之噴嘴(122)在氣流(146)支撐下擠出至凝聚流體(106)氛圍中，從而形成實質上無端之纖維(108)； 　　將該纖維(108)收集於纖維支撐單元(132)上，從而形成織物(102)； 　　調整該製造方法之製程參數，以使該織物(102)展現至少1900質量百分比之吸油能力， 　　其中，該織物(102)包含的單位面積質量為小於150克/平方公尺， 　　其中，該網狀結構展現之纖維(108)的合併因子係在0.5%至10%的範圍，以及 　　其中，該非織纖維素纖維織物(102)基本上僅由纖維素所組成。A method for manufacturing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric (102) directly from a Lyocell spinning solution (104), in particular a fabric (102) according to any one of the aforementioned patent applications, which method comprises The silk liquid (104) is extruded into a condensed fluid (106) atmosphere through a nozzle (122) having holes (126) under the support of an air flow (146), thereby forming a substantially endless fiber (108); the fiber (108) ) Collected on the fiber support unit (132) to form a fabric (102); adjust the manufacturing parameters of the manufacturing method so that the fabric (102) exhibits an oil absorption capacity of at least 1900 mass percent, wherein the fabric (102) contains The mass per unit area is less than 150 g / m 2, where the consolidation factor of the fibers (108) exhibited by the mesh structure is in the range of 0.5% to 10%, and wherein the nonwoven cellulose fiber fabric (102) It consists essentially of cellulose only. 如前述申請專利範圍之方法，其中 　　調整製程參數包含至少一下列特徵： 　　於該萊賽爾紡絲液(104)離開該孔(126)之後且在該萊賽爾紡絲液(104)到達該纖維支撐單元(132)之前，藉由引發通過不同的孔(126)擠出之萊賽爾紡絲液(104)之間的相互作用而形成至少部分的合併位置(204)； 　　於該萊賽爾紡絲液(104)到達該纖維支撐單元(132)之後，藉由在置於該纖維支撐單元(132)上時引發至少部分纖維(108)的凝聚而形成至少一部分的合併位置(204)； 　　沿著可移動的纖維支撐單元(132)接續設置多個具有孔(126)之噴嘴(122)，於該纖維支撐單元(132)上沉積纖維(108)之第一層(202)，以及在至少部分纖維(108)於層(200，202)之間的界面之凝聚完成之前於第一層(202)上沉積纖維(108)之第二層(200)。The method as claimed in the foregoing patent application, wherein the adjustment of the process parameters includes at least one of the following characteristics: (1) After the lyocell dope (104) leaves the hole (126) and after the lyocell dope (104) reaches the Before the fiber support unit (132), at least part of the merged position (204) is formed by initiating the interaction between the Lyocell spinning solution (104) extruded through different holes (126); After the spinning dope (104) reaches the fiber support unit (132), at least a part of the merged position (204) is formed by inducing agglomeration of at least part of the fibers (108) when placed on the fiber support unit (132). A plurality of nozzles (122) having holes (126) are successively arranged along the movable fiber support unit (132), and a first layer (202) of fibers (108) is deposited on the fiber support unit (132), and A second layer (200) of fibers (108) is deposited on the first layer (202) before the condensation of at least a portion of the fibers (108) at the interface between the layers (200, 202) is complete. 如前述申請專利範圍第9及10項中任一項之方法，其進一步包含 　　在收集於該纖維支撐單元(132)上之後就地(in situ)進一步處理該纖維(108)及/或該織物(102)，特別是藉由由下列所組成之群組的至少一者：水力纏絡(hydro-entanglement)、針扎(needle punching)、浸漬(impregnation)、以加壓蒸汽(pressurized steam)蒸汽處理(steam treatment)、以及軋光(calendering)。The method according to any of claims 9 and 10 of the aforementioned patent application scope, further comprising further processing the fiber (108) and / or the fabric in situ after collecting on the fiber support unit (132) (102), especially by at least one of the group consisting of: hydro-entanglement, needle punching, impregnation, pressurized steam Steam treatment, and calendering. 一種用於直接由萊賽爾紡絲液(104)製造非織纖維素纖維織物(102)之裝置(100)，特別是用於製造如前述申請專利範圍第1至8項中任一項之織物，該裝置(100)包含 　　具有孔(126)之噴嘴(122)，用以在氣流(146)支撐下擠出萊賽爾紡絲液(104)； 　　凝聚單元(128)，用以提供用於所擠出之萊賽爾紡絲液(104)的凝聚流體(106)氛圍，從而形成實質上無端之纖維(108)； 　　纖維支撐單元(132)，用以收集該纖維(108)，從而形成該織物(102)；以及 　　控制單元(140)，用以調整製程參數，以使該織物(102)展現至少1900質量百分比之吸油能力， 　　其中，該織物(102)包含的單位面積質量為小於150克/平方公尺， 　　其中，該網狀結構展現之纖維(108)的合併因子係在0.5%至10%的範圍，以及 　　其中，該非織纖維素纖維織物(102)基本上僅由纖維素所組成。A device (100) for manufacturing a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric (102) directly from a Lyocell spinning solution (104), in particular for manufacturing any one of items 1 to 8 of the aforementioned patent application range Fabric, the device (100) includes a nozzle (122) with a hole (126) for extruding lyocell spinning solution (104) under the support of an air flow (146); a coagulation unit (128) for providing The condensed fluid (106) atmosphere in the extruded Lyocell dope (104) forms a substantially endless fiber (108); a fiber support unit (132) for collecting the fiber (108), thereby Forming the fabric (102); and a control unit (140) for adjusting process parameters so that the fabric (102) exhibits an oil absorption capacity of at least 1900% by mass, wherein the mass per unit area contained in the fabric (102) is less than 150 g / m², where the consolidation factor of the fibers (108) exhibited by the mesh structure is in the range of 0.5% to 10%, and wherein the non-woven cellulose fiber fabric (102) consists essentially of cellulose only Composed of. 一種使用如申請專利範圍第1至8項中任一項之非織纖維素纖維織物(102)的方法，係用於由下列所組成之群組的至少一者：烘衣紙(dryer sheet)，面膜(facial mask)，衛生產品，擦拭巾(wipe)，過濾器，醫療應用產品，地工織物(geotextile)，農業織物(agrotextile)，衣物，建築技術產品，汽車產品，家飾用品(furnishing)，工業產品，休閒、美容、運動或旅行相關產品，以及學校或辦公室相關產品。A method for using a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric (102) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for a patent, which is used for at least one of the group consisting of: dryer sheet , Facial mask, hygiene products, wipes, filters, medical applications, geotextile, agrotextile, clothing, construction technology products, automotive products, furnishings ), Industrial products, leisure, beauty, sports or travel related products, and school or office related products. 一種產品或複合物，其包含如前述申請專利範圍第1至8項中任一項之非織纖維素纖維織物。A product or composite comprising a non-woven cellulose fiber fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8 of the aforementioned patent application.