TW201806477A - Artificial cultivation method of wild Antrodia cinnamomea and equipment thereof characterized by simulating the wild environment of Antrodia cinnamomea to artificially cultivate wild Antrodia cinnamomea - Google Patents
Artificial cultivation method of wild Antrodia cinnamomea and equipment thereof characterized by simulating the wild environment of Antrodia cinnamomea to artificially cultivate wild Antrodia cinnamomea Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種植物的培育方法及設備,特別是指一種野生牛樟芝的人工培育方法及設備。The invention relates to a method and a device for cultivating a plant, in particular to a method and a device for artificially cultivating a wild Antrodia camphorata.
牛樟芝是一種藥用真菌,屬於台灣的特有種。經研究顯示,牛樟芝在抗氧化、抗發炎、保肝、抗過敏、降三高,以及保護神經皆有確切功效,其中特別是抗癌的功效,除了自身毒殺癌細胞的功效之外,還能提高化療藥物的療效,並降低化療藥物對人體的傷害,對於癌症的治療來說,具有相當顯著且難以取代的效果。Antrodia is a medicinal fungus belonging to endemic species in Taiwan. Studies have shown that Antrodia camphorata has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, liver-protecting, anti-allergic, anti-allergic, and neuroprotective effects, especially anti-cancer effects, in addition to its own ability to kill cancer cells, but also Increasing the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs and reducing the harm of chemotherapy drugs to the human body has a remarkable and difficult to replace effect on the treatment of cancer.
目前牛樟芝的取得來源,除了直接採集野外生長的野生牛樟芝之外,還能藉由人工培植的方法來取得。在實體培育上,主要採用在段木上直接植入菌根而使其成長的段木栽培法,而因應直接製造產品的需求,也能採用液體培養法或者固體培養法來直接培植菌絲體。At present, the source of Astragalus membranaceus can be obtained by artificially cultivating in addition to directly collecting wild A. chinensis grown in the wild. In the cultivation of solids, the wood cultivation method in which the mycorrhiza is directly implanted on the segment wood is used, and the mycelium can be directly cultured by the liquid culture method or the solid culture method in response to the demand for directly manufacturing the product. .
然而,近年研究顯示,人工培育的牛樟芝相較於野生牛樟芝而言,由於生長環境完全不同,故會因遠離原生環境而被”馴化”,因而造成休眠期完全停止。另外,在細胞生長的接合作用(Bacterial Conjugation)也會產生異常,因而造成染色體轉移,進而導致基因重組。由於其休眠期的停止,以及基因的異常,會造成吸收養分機制的異常,在細胞核、細胞壁、泡囊、粒腺體…等等細胞結構皆有所差異,且各細胞結構的化學成分亦有相當程度的變異,使得分泌的葡聚多醣化學成分產生明顯不同,因此無論是在品質上,或者就有療效的成分多寡而言,完全無法與野生牛樟芝相提並論。有鑒於上述的發展瓶頸,相關領域從事者無不積極研究,希望在人工培育牛樟芝的技術上有所突破,培育出與生長在野生環境中相同品質的野生牛樟芝。However, recent studies have shown that artificially cultivated Antrodia camphorata is "domesticated" because it is completely different from the original environment, and thus the dormancy period is completely stopped. In addition, the cell growth (Bacterial Conjugation) also produces abnormalities, which cause chromosome transfer, which in turn leads to genetic recombination. Due to the cessation of the dormant period and the abnormality of the gene, the abnormality of the nutrient absorption mechanism is caused, and the cell structures in the nucleus, cell wall, vesicle, granulosa, etc. are different, and the chemical composition of each cell structure is also A considerable degree of variation makes the secreted polysaccharides of the polysaccharides significantly different, so whether it is in terms of quality or the amount of ingredients that are effective, it is completely incomparable with wild Antrodia camphorata. In view of the above development bottlenecks, practitioners in related fields are all actively researching, and hope to make breakthroughs in the technology of artificially cultivating Antrodia camphorata, and to cultivate wild Antrodia camphorata with the same quality as that grown in the wild environment.
因此,本發明之目的,即在提供一種野生牛樟芝的人工培育方法。Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial breeding method for wild A. niger.
於是,本發明野生牛樟芝的人工培育方法,包含下列步驟:Therefore, the artificial breeding method of the wild A. angustifolia of the present invention comprises the following steps:
步驟一:建構一個溫室,該溫室包括一個建置於原始土地面上的圍繞壁,及一搭建於該圍繞壁上的屋頂,該圍繞壁具有一內表面、一相反於該內表面的外表面,及多個彼此間隔設置且貫穿該內表面及該外表面的通風口,該內表面為木造材質,而該屋頂具有至少一採光口。Step 1: constructing a greenhouse, the greenhouse includes a surrounding wall built on the surface of the original land, and a roof built on the surrounding wall, the surrounding wall having an inner surface and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface And a plurality of vents spaced apart from each other and extending through the inner surface and the outer surface, the inner surface being made of wood material, and the roof having at least one lighting opening.
步驟二:該圍繞壁與該屋頂共同界定出一個主空間,該主空間內的溫度維持於21℃至24℃,濕度維持在85%至90%,光照度維持在1勒克斯。Step 2: The surrounding wall and the roof together define a main space in which the temperature in the main space is maintained at 21 ° C to 24 ° C, the humidity is maintained at 85% to 90%, and the illuminance is maintained at 1 lux.
步驟三:在該主空間中安裝一負離子裝置,用以在該主空間中提供負離子。Step 3: Install an anion device in the main space to provide negative ions in the main space.
步驟四:在該主空間中設置多個彼此相間隔的培育單元,每一培育單元包括一圍繞出一個上下貫通之培育區的環繞板、多數鋪設於該培育區之底部的樟木屑、一設置於所述樟木屑上的木墊,及一放置於該木墊上,且供牛樟芝生長的牛樟木塊。Step 4: arranging a plurality of cultivating units spaced apart from each other in the main space, each cultivating unit comprising a surrounding plate surrounding a cultivating area penetrating up and down, a plurality of swarf pieces disposed at the bottom of the cultivating area, and a setting a wooden mat on the eucalyptus, and a burdock block placed on the wooden mat and grown for the burdock.
步驟五:在該等培育區中分別設置多個光源,每一個光源能發出波長為557.7奈米的氧綠射線,且是以2400勒克斯的光照度,每3至4小時供應6秒。Step 5: A plurality of light sources are respectively disposed in the cultivation areas, each of which emits oxygen green rays having a wavelength of 557.7 nm, and is supplied with light of 2400 lux for 6 seconds every 3 to 4 hours.
另外,本發明之另一目的,在於提供一種野生牛樟芝的人工培育設備。Further, another object of the present invention is to provide an artificial breeding apparatus for wild Antrodia camphorata.
於是,本發明野生牛樟芝的人工培育設備,包含一圍繞出一主空間的溫室、一安裝於該主空間中的負離子裝置、多個彼此間隔設置於該主空間中的培育單元,及多個分別設置於該等培育單元中的光源。Therefore, the artificial breeding equipment of the wild Antrodia camphorata of the present invention comprises a greenhouse surrounding a main space, an anion device installed in the main space, a plurality of cultivating units spaced apart from each other in the main space, and a plurality of respectively A light source disposed in the incubation units.
該溫室包括一個建置於原始土地面上的圍繞壁,及一搭建於該圍繞壁上的屋頂。該圍繞壁與該屋頂共同界定出一個主空間,該負離子裝置用以對該主空間提供負離子。該圍繞壁具有一內表面、一相反於該內表面的外表面,及多個彼此間隔設置且貫穿該內表面及該外表面的通風口,該內表面為木造材質,而該屋頂具有至少一採光口。The greenhouse includes a surrounding wall that is placed on the surface of the original land, and a roof that is built over the surrounding wall. The surrounding wall and the roof together define a primary space for providing negative ions to the primary space. The surrounding wall has an inner surface, an outer surface opposite to the inner surface, and a plurality of vents spaced apart from each other and extending through the inner surface and the outer surface, the inner surface being made of wood, and the roof having at least one Lighting port.
每一培育單元包括一圍繞出一個上下貫通之培育區的環繞板、多數鋪設於該培育區之底部的樟木屑、一設置於所述樟木屑上的木墊,及一放置於該木墊上,且供牛樟芝生長的牛樟木塊。每一個光源能發出波長為557.7奈米的氧綠射線,每一光源是以2400勒克斯的光照度,每3至4小時供應6秒。Each of the cultivating units includes a surrounding plate surrounding a cultivating area extending up and down, a plurality of swarf chips laid on the bottom of the cultivating area, a wooden mat disposed on the swarf, and a wooden mat placed thereon. And the burdock block for the growth of O. chinensis. Each source emits oxygen green ray at a wavelength of 557.7 nm, each source is illuminated at 2400 lux for 6 seconds every 3 to 4 hours.
本發明之功效在於:該主空間中的溫度、濕度、通風、採光情況,以及該培育區中以天然材料建構而成的生態,能共同營造出等同於牛樟芝野生環境的生長環境。在每一培育區中的光源,能模擬雷區的光能,使所培育的牛樟芝吸收特定能量的光能後,能與在野生環境中進行相同的成長機制,使其細胞結構能在適當的環境下完整發育,並分泌與在野生環境中相同的化學成分,故確實能藉此培育出野生牛樟芝。The effect of the invention is that the temperature, humidity, ventilation, lighting conditions in the main space, and the ecology constructed by the natural materials in the cultivation area can jointly create a growth environment equivalent to the wild environment of Antrodia camphorata. The light source in each cultivation area can simulate the light energy of the minefield, so that the cultivated Aquila sinensis can absorb the specific energy of light energy, and can carry out the same growth mechanism in the wild environment, so that the cell structure can be properly It develops completely under the environment and secretes the same chemical components as in the wild, so it can be used to cultivate wild Antrodia camphorata.
參閱圖1,本發明野生牛樟芝的人工培育方法之一實施例,適用於配合本發明野生牛樟芝的人工培育設備之一實施例。該人工培育設備的實施例包含一圍繞出一主空間100的溫室1、一安裝於該主空間100中的負離子裝置2、多個彼此間隔設置於該主空間100中的培育單元3、多個分別設置於該等培育單元3中的光源4、一設置於該溫室1中的紫外線消毒裝置5,及多個用以過濾進入該主空間100之空氣的活性碳過濾裝置6。Referring to Fig. 1, an embodiment of the artificial breeding method of the wild Antrodia camphorata of the present invention is applicable to an embodiment of the artificial breeding equipment of the wild Antrodia camphorata of the present invention. The embodiment of the artificial cultivating device comprises a greenhouse 1 surrounding a main space 100, an anion device 2 installed in the main space 100, a plurality of cultivating units 3 spaced apart from each other in the main space 100, and a plurality of The light source 4 disposed in the cultivating unit 3, the ultraviolet ray sterilizing device 5 disposed in the greenhouse 1, and the plurality of activated carbon filtering devices 6 for filtering the air entering the main space 100.
參閱圖1與圖2,本發明野生牛樟芝的人工培育方法之實施例包含下列步驟:Referring to Figures 1 and 2, an embodiment of the artificial breeding method of the wild Antrodia camphorata of the present invention comprises the following steps:
步驟一:建構該溫室1,該溫室1包括一個建置於原始土地面上的圍繞壁11、一搭建於該圍繞壁11上的屋頂12,及一形成於該圍繞壁11上的出入口13。該圍繞壁11具有一內表面111、一相反於該內表面111的外表面112,及多個彼此間隔設置且貫穿該內表面111及該外表面112的通風口113。該內表面111為木造材質,甚至較佳是不拋光而呈粗糙狀的木造材質,使該主空間100能盡量接近野生環境,而該屋頂12具有一採光口121,模擬在野生叢林中的光線型態。每一個通風口113個別設置有一活性碳過濾裝置6,藉此確保該主空間100中的空氣品質。Step 1: Constructing the greenhouse 1, the greenhouse 1 includes a surrounding wall 11 built on the original land surface, a roof 12 built on the surrounding wall 11, and an entrance 13 formed on the surrounding wall 11. The surrounding wall 11 has an inner surface 111, an outer surface 112 opposite the inner surface 111, and a plurality of vents 113 spaced from each other and extending through the inner surface 111 and the outer surface 112. The inner surface 111 is made of wood material, and even preferably is a non-polished and rough wooden material, so that the main space 100 can be as close as possible to the wild environment, and the roof 12 has a lighting port 121 to simulate the light in the wild jungle. Type. Each of the vents 113 is individually provided with an activated carbon filter unit 6, thereby ensuring the air quality in the main space 100.
步驟二:該圍繞壁11與該屋頂12共同界定出一個主空間100,該主空間100內的溫度維持於21℃至24℃,濕度維持在85%至90%,光照度維持在1勒克斯。該紫外線消毒裝置5是設置於該出入口13,確保培育人員進出該主空間100時,不會將外界的細菌帶入該主空間100中而影響該主空間100中的生態環境。Step 2: The surrounding wall 11 and the roof 12 together define a main space 100 in which the temperature in the main space 100 is maintained at 21 ° C to 24 ° C, the humidity is maintained at 85% to 90%, and the illuminance is maintained at 1 lux. The ultraviolet ray sterilizing device 5 is installed at the entrance and exit 13 to ensure that when the cultivator enters and exits the main space 100, the external bacteria are not carried into the main space 100, thereby affecting the ecological environment in the main space 100.
步驟三:在該主空間100中安裝一負離子裝置2,用以在該主空間100中提供負離子,使得該主空間100中每一毫米立方的體積含有30000至50000個負離子。其中,所述負離子的標準半徑在1.3埃至1.5埃之間,在該主空間100中,無論是負離子的數量,或者是負離子的種類,皆是與天然環境中自然產生之負離子相仿的條件。Step 3: Install an anion device 2 in the main space 100 for providing negative ions in the main space 100 such that each millimeter cubic volume in the main space 100 contains 30,000 to 50,000 negative ions. Wherein, the standard radius of the negative ions is between 1.3 angstroms and 1.5 angstroms. In the main space 100, the number of negative ions or the type of negative ions is similar to the naturally occurring negative ions in the natural environment.
步驟四:在該主空間100中設置多個彼此相間隔的培育單元3,每一培育單元3包括一圍繞出一個上下貫通之培育區310的環繞板31、多數鋪設於該培育區310之底部且經過低溫發酵的樟木屑32、一設置於所述樟木屑32上的木墊33,及一放置於該木墊33上,且供牛樟芝生長的牛樟木塊34。每一個環繞板31皆是以樟木製成,使該培育區310內的情況較為接近牛樟芝生長的環境。每一環繞板31所圍繞出的培育區310之頂部的橫向截面積,小於底部的橫向截面積,使該牛樟木塊34的周圍相較於該培育區310頂部而言具有較寬廣的空間,除了使該等樟木屑32發酵後的產物能順利向上傳遞而使牛樟芝順利吸收,亦能確保牛樟芝有較為充足的生長空間。Step 4: a plurality of cultivating units 3 spaced apart from each other are disposed in the main space 100. Each of the cultivating units 3 includes a surrounding plate 31 surrounding a cultivating area 310 that is vertically penetrated, and most of them are laid at the bottom of the cultivating area 310. And the low-temperature fermented eucalyptus chips 32, a wooden mat 33 disposed on the eucalyptus 32, and a burdock block 34 placed on the wooden mat 33 and grown for the burdock. Each of the surrounding plates 31 is made of eucalyptus, so that the condition in the cultivating area 310 is closer to the environment in which the burdock grows. The transverse cross-sectional area of the top of the cultivating zone 310 surrounded by each of the surrounding plates 31 is smaller than the lateral cross-sectional area of the bottom, so that the circumference of the burdock block 34 has a wider space than the top of the cultivating zone 310, except The product obtained by fermenting the eucalyptus 32 can be smoothly transferred upwards, so that the burdock can be smoothly absorbed, and the burdock can ensure sufficient growth space.
步驟五:在該等培育區310中分別設置多個光源4,每一個光源4能發出波長為557.7奈米的氧綠射線。由於野生牛樟芝在野外的生長環境通常在雷區中,其中閃電所釋放的光線即為波長557.7奈米的氧綠射線,所述的氧綠射線即是牛樟芝主要的光能來源。在每一培育區310中,是以2400勒克斯的光照度,每3至4小時供應6秒,模擬閃電產生的情景,使牛樟芝得以吸收如同在野外生長環境中的光能。Step 5: A plurality of light sources 4 are respectively disposed in the cultivation zones 310, and each of the light sources 4 can emit oxygen green rays having a wavelength of 557.7 nm. Because the growth environment of wild Antrodia camphorata in the wild is usually in the minefield, the light emitted by lightning is the oxygen green ray with a wavelength of 557.7 nm, which is the main source of light energy for Antrodia camphorata. In each of the cultivation zones 310, with an illumination of 2,400 lux, supplying 6 seconds every 3 to 4 hours, simulating the situation of lightning generation, the burdock can absorb light energy as in a growing environment in the wild.
步驟六:在牛樟芝的非休眠期間,一般是在春末至夏初的季節裡,牛樟芝會開始吸收養分和光能而成長,此時於該牛樟木塊上添加葡萄糖以及有機氮,特別有益於牛樟芝的生長。其中,所述的葡萄糖是溶於體積為70至90倍的水中,特別較佳是80倍的水中,而所述有機氮是溶於體積為150至200倍的水中,並以水霧的形式噴灑於該牛樟木塊34上,確保添加的養分能確實滲入該牛樟木塊34中,提供牛樟芝吸收而成長。Step 6: During the non-dormant period of Antrodia camphorata, generally in the late spring to early summer season, Antrodia camphorata will begin to absorb nutrients and light energy and grow. At this time, adding glucose and organic nitrogen to the burdock block is especially beneficial to the burdock. Growing. Wherein the glucose is dissolved in water having a volume of 70 to 90 times, particularly preferably 80 times, and the organic nitrogen is dissolved in water having a volume of 150 to 200 times and in the form of a water mist. Spraying on the burdock block 34 ensures that the added nutrients can actually penetrate into the burdock block 34, providing the absorption and growth of the burdock.
有關於一般培育法的缺點,主要是因為過程中僅考慮到讓牛樟芝吸收足夠養分而快速成長,但卻忽略了使牛樟芝在最適當的環境條件中,經歷正常的生長週期而健康成長,以至於造成部分染色體以及連鎖基因的異常,故勢必影響所培育出之牛樟芝的成分和品質。The shortcomings related to the general cultivation method are mainly because the process only considers that the Antrodia camphorata absorbs enough nutrients and grows rapidly, but ignores the growth of Antrodia camphorata in the most appropriate environmental conditions and undergoes a normal growth cycle. It causes abnormalities in some chromosomes and linked genes, so it will inevitably affect the composition and quality of the cultivated Antrodia camphorata.
表一:
配合如上表一,經由本發明的六個步驟,主要目的是針對各個會影響牛樟芝生長的因子,盡可能模擬出等同於野外的環境。本發明在負離子濃度、溫度、濕度等等的生長條件,以及整個大環境及生長環境型態的營造,乃至於使牛樟芝確實吸收模擬閃電的光能,皆是模擬牛樟芝原生環境。該主空間100甚至於該培育區310中的環境情景,能使牛樟芝如同在野外一般維持正常的休眠期,等待各種成長條件都處於最適合的情況才開始吸收養分而成長。由於牛樟芝是在養分、光能、濕度、溫度、光照度、空氣條件等等因素都適合時,才開始吸收養分而成長,故牛樟芝的細胞結構得以完整發育,在細胞的細胞壁、內含物、胞器等等結構都發育完整的情況下,當中的晶體、肝醣、脂體的分子結構亦完整,才能分泌結構完整的葡聚多醣,並確實成長為如同在野外環境中生長的健康牛樟芝。In conjunction with Table 1 above, the main purpose of the six steps of the present invention is to simulate an environment equivalent to the wild as much as possible for each factor that affects the growth of Antrodia camphorata. The invention is based on the growth conditions of negative ion concentration, temperature, humidity, etc., as well as the creation of the whole environment and the growth environment type, so that the A. sinensis does absorb the light energy of the simulated lightning, and all simulate the original environment of Antrodia camphorata. The main space 100 and even the environmental scene in the cultivation area 310 can make the Antrodia camphorata maintain a normal dormancy period as in the wild, and wait for various growth conditions to be in the most suitable condition before starting to absorb nutrients and grow. Because Antrodia camphorata is suitable for nutrient, light energy, humidity, temperature, illuminance, air conditions, etc., it begins to absorb nutrients and grows. Therefore, the cell structure of Antrodia camphorata can be fully developed, in the cell wall, inclusions, and cells of cells. When the structure of the device and the like are all developed, the crystal structure of the crystal, glycogen and lipid are complete, and the structurally intact polysaccharide can be secreted, and it grows into a healthy Antrodia camphorata grown in the wild environment.
綜上所述,本發明野生牛樟芝的人工培育方法及設備,是模擬適合牛樟芝生長的野生環境,使牛樟芝在適當的環境條件下維持正常的休眠期,並在各個成長因子皆適當時結束休眠而開始吸收養分,並接收等同於雷區的氧綠射線,經歷正常過程而發育成長,長成健全的細胞結構,藉此培育出野生牛樟芝,故確實能達成本發明之目的。In summary, the artificial breeding method and equipment of the wild A. annuum L. according to the present invention simulates a wild environment suitable for the growth of Antrodia camphorata, and maintains a normal dormancy period under appropriate environmental conditions, and ends when each growth factor is appropriate. When it is dormant, it begins to absorb nutrients, and receives oxygen blue rays equivalent to the minefield, develops and grows under normal processes, and grows into a sound cell structure, thereby cultivating wild A. chinensis, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the equivalent equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still The scope of the invention is covered.
1‧‧‧溫室
100‧‧‧主空間
11‧‧‧圍繞壁
111‧‧‧內表面
112‧‧‧外表面
113‧‧‧通風口
12‧‧‧屋頂
121‧‧‧採光口
13‧‧‧出入口
2‧‧‧負離子裝置
3‧‧‧培育單元
31‧‧‧環繞板
310‧‧‧培育區
32‧‧‧樟木屑
33‧‧‧木墊
34‧‧‧樟木塊
4‧‧‧光源
5‧‧‧紫外線消毒裝置
6‧‧‧活性碳過濾裝置1‧‧ ‧ greenhouse
100‧‧‧main space
11‧‧‧ Around the wall
111‧‧‧ inner surface
112‧‧‧ outer surface
113‧‧‧ vents
12‧‧‧ Roof
121‧‧‧Lighting port
13‧‧‧ Entrance
2‧‧‧ Negative ion device
3‧‧‧cultivation unit
31‧‧‧round board
310‧‧‧cultivation area
32‧‧‧樟Sawdust
33‧‧‧ Wooden mat
34‧‧‧樟木块
4‧‧‧Light source
5‧‧‧UV disinfection device
6‧‧‧Active carbon filter
本發明之其他的特徵及功效,將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現,其中: 圖1是一示意圖,說明本發明野生牛樟芝的人工培育設備之一實施例;及 圖2是一示意圖,說明該實施例的一培育單元。Other features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the artificial breeding apparatus of the wild Antrodia camphorata of the present invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic view A breeding unit of this embodiment will be described.
Claims (10)
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