TW201710213A - Chromium-based stuffing sand for steel ladle - Google Patents
Chromium-based stuffing sand for steel ladle Download PDFInfo
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本發明是有關於煉鋼用的陶瓷材料組成物，且特別是有關於一種提高自然開口率之盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂組成物。 The present invention relates to a ceramic material composition for steelmaking, and more particularly to a chrome sliding door sand composition for a steel drum which increases the natural opening ratio.
滑門砂，又稱引流砂，是一種填充在盛鋼桶底座磚及流鋼嘴內的細砂。當轉爐出鋼至盛鋼桶時，滑門砂與鋼液接觸的部份會產生燒結層，阻止高溫鋼液直接滲入滑門系統內，否則將會產生凝固，無法順利出鋼。滑門砂未和鋼液接觸的部份則仍維持為非燒結狀態。當配合澆鑄作業開啟滑門時，未燒結的滑門砂先落下，接著靠鋼液的重量壓力將燒結層壓破，使鋼液流出，此過程一般稱為「自然開口」。因此，滑門砂應具備良好的流動性及適當的高溫燒結性，以形成厚度適當的燒結層。且非燒結的部份在高溫受熱下，也不可產生異常膨脹，否則易形成架橋現象，導致滑門砂無法自由落下，影響自然開口。換言之，滑門砂品質的好壞相當重要，在整個煉鋼製程中，扮演舉足輕重的角色。 Sliding door sand, also known as drainage sand, is a kind of fine sand filled in the base brick of the steel drum and the flow steel nozzle. When the converter taps out to the steel ladle, the part of the sliding door sand that contacts the molten steel will produce a sintered layer, which prevents the high-temperature molten steel from directly infiltrating into the sliding door system, otherwise solidification will occur and the steel cannot be smoothly discharged. The portion of the sliding door sand that is not in contact with the molten steel remains in a non-sintered state. When the sliding door is opened in conjunction with the casting operation, the unsintered sliding door sand is first dropped, and then the sintering lamination is broken by the weight pressure of the molten steel to cause the molten steel to flow out. This process is generally called "natural opening". Therefore, the sliding door sand should have good fluidity and appropriate high-temperature sinterability to form a sintered layer of appropriate thickness. The non-sintered part can not be abnormally expanded under high temperature and heat, otherwise it will easily form a bridging phenomenon, which will cause the sliding door sand to fall freely and affect the natural opening. In other words, the quality of the sliding door sand is very important, playing a pivotal role in the entire steelmaking process.
習知的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂以鉻礦砂及矽砂為 原料，在攪拌機中混合均勻後為成品。但是此種鉻質滑門砂的燒結機制主要是藉由原料中的雜質進行反應來達成，然而，每批原料的來源、成份及比例不一樣，常造成雜質含量產生變化，使鉻質滑門砂在使用時無法產生穩定的燒結層，自然開口率始終維持在98.5%上下，無法有效提升。 The conventional steel drum is made of chrome sliding sand with chrome ore and strontium sand. The raw materials are uniformly mixed in a blender to obtain a finished product. However, the sintering mechanism of the chrome sliding door sand is mainly achieved by the reaction of impurities in the raw materials. However, the source, composition and proportion of each batch of raw materials are different, which often causes changes in the impurity content, so that the chrome sliding door When the sand is used, it cannot produce a stable sintered layer, and the natural opening ratio is always maintained at 98.5%, which cannot be effectively improved.
有鑑於此，需要開發一種新的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂，以進一步提昇自然開口率。 In view of this, it is necessary to develop a new chrome sliding door sand for steel drums to further increase the natural opening ratio.
本發明之一態樣提出一種盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂，包括鉻礦砂、矽砂以及鉀長石，其中在盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂中，Cr2O3所佔之比例為30重量%到35重量%，SiO2所佔之比例為22重量%到32重量%，且K2O所佔之比例為0.5重量%到0.7重量%。 One aspect of the present invention provides a chrome sliding door sand for a steel drum, including chrome ore, strontium sand and potassium feldspar, wherein in the chrome sliding door sand of the steel drum, the proportion of Cr 2 O 3 is From 30% by weight to 35% by weight, the proportion of SiO 2 is from 22% by weight to 32% by weight, and the proportion of K 2 O is from 0.5% by weight to 0.7% by weight.
在一實施例中，鉻礦砂包括超過45重量%的Cr2O3以及低於1重量%的SiO2。 In an embodiment, the chrome ore comprises more than 45% by weight of Cr 2 O 3 and less than 1% by weight of SiO 2 .
在一實施例中，矽砂包括超過95重量%的SiO2以及低於2重量%的Al2O3。 In an embodiment, the cerium includes more than 95% by weight of SiO 2 and less than 2% by weight of Al 2 O 3 .
在一實施例中，鉀長石包括超過65重量%的SiO2、低於20重量%的Al2O3、超過7重量%的K2O以及低於3重量%的Na2O。 In an embodiment, the feldspar comprises more than 65% by weight of SiO 2 , less than 20% by weight of Al 2 O 3 , more than 7% by weight of K 2 O, and less than 3% by weight of Na 2 O.
在一實施例中，超過95重量%的鉻礦砂之平均粒度可例如30到140目。 In one embodiment, an average particle size of more than 95% by weight of the chrome ore may be, for example, from 30 to 140 mesh.
在一實施例中，超過94重量%的矽砂之平均粒度可例如20到100目之間。 In one embodiment, an average particle size of more than 94% by weight of cerium sand can be, for example, between 20 and 100 mesh.
在一實施例中，超過92重量%的鉀長石之平均粒度可例如30到100目。 In one embodiment, an average particle size of more than 92% by weight of feldspar can be, for example, from 30 to 100 mesh.
在一實施例中，盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂不含碳。 In one embodiment, the steel drum is made of chrome-sliding sand without carbon.
本發明之另一態樣提出一種盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂，適於低碳鋼之澆鑄，其包括鉻礦砂、矽砂以及鉀長石，其中在盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂中，超過95重量%的鉻礦砂之平均粒度可例如30到140目，超過94重量%的矽砂之平均粒度可例如20到100目，且超過92重量%的鉀長石之平均粒度可例如30到100目。 Another aspect of the present invention provides a chrome sliding door sand for a steel drum suitable for casting of low carbon steel, which comprises chrome ore, strontium sand and potassium feldspar, wherein the steel drum is made of chrome sliding sand. The average particle size of more than 95% by weight of chrome ore may be, for example, 30 to 140 mesh, the average particle size of more than 94% by weight of ceramsite may be, for example, 20 to 100 mesh, and the average particle size of more than 92% by weight of feldspar may be, for example, 30 to 100 mesh.
基於前述，本發明提出一種盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂，有利於提高自然開口率，且特別適於低碳鋼之鑄造。 Based on the foregoing, the present invention proposes a chrome sliding door sand for steel drums, which is advantageous for increasing the natural opening ratio and is particularly suitable for casting of low carbon steel.
在本文中，由「一數值至另一數值」表示的範圍，是一種避免在說明書中一一列舉該範圍中的所有數值的概要性表示方式。因此，記載了某一特定數值範圍，等同於揭露了該數值範圍內的任意數值以及由該數值範圍內的任意數值界定出的較小數值範圍，如同在說明書中明文寫出該任意數值和該較小數值範圍一樣。例如，記載「比 例為10重量%~50重量%」的範圍，就等同於揭露了「比例為20重量%~30重量%」的範圍，無論說明書是否列舉其他數值。 In the present specification, the range represented by "a value to another value" is a schematic representation that avoids enumerating all the values in the range in the specification. Therefore, a particular numerical range is recited and is equivalent to the disclosure of any numerical value in the range of the value and the numerical range defined by any value in the numerical range, as the The smaller value range is the same. For example, record "by comparison In the range of 10% by weight to 50% by weight, the range of "20% by weight to 30% by weight" is disclosed, regardless of whether other values are listed in the specification.
本文中所謂「自然開口率」，是指在經過反覆試驗之後，所有盛鋼桶中成功完成自然開口的比例。例如，98.5%的自然開口率，是指在1000個盛鋼桶中有985個完成自然開口。 The term "natural aperture ratio" in this paper refers to the proportion of successful completion of natural openings in all ladle after repeated tests. For example, a natural opening rate of 98.5% means that 985 of the 1000 steel drums complete the natural opening.
本發明之第一實施例提出一種盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂，包括鉻礦砂、矽砂以及鉀長石。鉻礦砂的主要成分是Cr2O3，矽砂的主要成分是SiO2，鉀長石的主要成分則是SiO2和K2O。本文目前雖以「主要成分」來描述礦砂的化學組成，但不特別意欲限定該化學成分在礦砂中的比例，也不表示被描述成「主要成分」的化學成分在該礦砂中所佔的比例超過一半。 The first embodiment of the present invention proposes a chrome sliding door sand for steel drums, including chrome ore, strontium sand and potassium feldspar. The main component of chrome ore is Cr 2 O 3 , the main component of strontium sand is SiO 2 , and the main components of potassium feldspar are SiO 2 and K 2 O. Although the term "main component" is used to describe the chemical composition of the ore, it is not specifically intended to limit the proportion of the chemical component in the ore, nor does it mean the proportion of the chemical component described as the "main component" in the ore. More than half.
就具體實例而言，鉻礦砂可包括超過45重量%的Cr2O3和低於1重量%的SiO2；矽砂可包括超過95重量%的SiO2和低於2重量%的Al2O3；鉀長石則可包括超過65重量%的SiO2、超過7重量%的K2O、低於20重量%的Al2O3和低於3重量%的Na2O。而就盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂整體而言，Cr2O3所佔之比例可以在30重量%到35重量%之間，SiO2所佔之比例可以在22重量%到32重量%之間，K2O所佔之比例可以在0.5重量%到0.7重量%之間。當盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂的Cr2O3、SiO2以及K2O的比例落於以上所述的範圍內時，能夠形成較為穩定 的燒結層。此外，上述盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂可另含有Fe2O3、Al2O3、MgO、Na2O或其他不可分的雜質，惟上述雜質並不影響自然開口率。 As a specific example, the chrome ore may include more than 45% by weight of Cr 2 O 3 and less than 1% by weight of SiO 2 ; the cerium may include more than 95% by weight of SiO 2 and less than 2% by weight of Al 2 O 3 ; K-feldspar may include more than 65% by weight of SiO 2 , more than 7% by weight of K 2 O, less than 20% by weight of Al 2 O 3 and less than 3% by weight of Na 2 O. For the whole of chrome sliding door sand for steel drums, the proportion of Cr 2 O 3 can be between 30% and 35% by weight, and the proportion of SiO 2 can be between 22% and 32% by weight. The ratio of K 2 O may be between 0.5% by weight and 0.7% by weight. When the ratio of Cr 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and K 2 O of the chrome sliding door sand of the ladle is within the above range, a relatively stable sintered layer can be formed. In addition, the above-mentioned steel drum with chrome sliding door sand may additionally contain Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , MgO, Na 2 O or other inseparable impurities, but the above impurities do not affect the natural opening ratio.
值得注意的是，習知的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂通常僅由鉻礦砂和矽砂組成。第一實施例的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂則進一步添加了鉀長石。鉀長石在盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂中作為燒結劑。具體而言，鉀長石相較於其他成分會在較低溫度熔融，其可作為類似黏結劑的角色，填充在砂粒和砂粒之間，阻止鋼液滲入這些空間。因此，相較於習知的滑門砂，第一實施例的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂所形成的燒結層可以有更類似於玻璃的性質，易於脆化，其自然開口率可以得到有效提高。 It is worth noting that the conventional chrome sliding door sand for steel drums is usually composed only of chrome ore and strontium sand. The chrome sliding door sand of the ladle of the first embodiment is further added with potassium feldspar. Potash feldspar is used as a sintering agent in chrome sliding door sand in steel drums. Specifically, K-feldspar melts at a lower temperature than other components, and acts as a binder-like filler between the sand and the sand to prevent the molten steel from penetrating into these spaces. Therefore, compared with the conventional sliding door sand, the sintered layer formed by the chrome sliding door sand of the first embodiment can have a more similar property to glass, is easy to embrittle, and its natural opening ratio can be obtained. Effectively improve.
除了燒結層的性質之外，盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂之未燒結部份的流動性亦將大大影響自然開口率。調整流動性之方法一般來說可添加固態潤化劑，例如石墨。然而對於低碳鋼之澆鑄而言，添加石墨會劇烈影響鋼液的組成，十分不利。因此，本實施例進一步提出一概念，以粒度組成的調配來控制盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂的流動性。就此而言，在盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂中，可有超過95重量%的鉻礦砂之粒度例如為30到140目，可有超過94重量%的矽砂之粒度例如為20到100目，且可有超過92重量%的鉀長石之粒度例如為30到100目。 In addition to the properties of the sintered layer, the fluidity of the unsintered portion of the chrome sliding door sand of the ladle will also greatly affect the natural opening ratio. The method of adjusting the fluidity generally adds a solidifying agent such as graphite. However, for the casting of low carbon steel, the addition of graphite will greatly affect the composition of the molten steel, which is very disadvantageous. Therefore, the present embodiment further proposes a concept of controlling the fluidity of the chrome sliding door sand for the ladle by the blending of the particle size composition. In this regard, in the chrome sliding door sand for the ladle, more than 95% by weight of the chrome ore may have a particle size of, for example, 30 to 140 mesh, and more than 94% by weight of the grit may have a particle size of, for example, 20 to 100. The particle size of the K-feldspar may be, for example, 30 to 100 mesh.
透過調整粒度組成的方式，可以不在盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂中添加石墨，而仍然達到提高流動性的效果。 因此，在一實例中，盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂排除含有碳。 By adjusting the particle size composition, it is possible to add graphite to the chrome sliding door sand of the ladle, and still achieve the effect of improving fluidity. Thus, in one example, the ladle is chrome-screened with chrome-sliding sand to exclude carbon.
根據前述，本發明之另一實施例則可有關於一種適於低碳鋼之澆鑄的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂，其包括鉻礦砂、矽砂以及鉀長石，其中在盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂中，超過95重量%的鉻礦砂之粒度介於30到140目之間，超過94重量%的矽砂之粒度介於20到100目之間，且超過92重量%的鉀長石之粒度介於30到100目之間。 According to the foregoing, another embodiment of the present invention may be directed to a chrome sliding door sand for a steel drum suitable for casting of low carbon steel, which comprises chrome ore, strontium sand and potassium feldspar, wherein In chrome sliding sand, more than 95% by weight of chrome ore has a particle size between 30 and 140 mesh, and more than 94% by weight of cerium has a particle size between 20 and 100 mesh and more than 92% by weight of potassium. The feldspar has a particle size between 30 and 100 mesh.
下文將列舉實施例以更具體地描述本發明。雖然描述了以下實驗，但是在不逾越本發明範疇之前提下，可適當地改變所用材料、其量及比率、處理細節以及處理流程等等。因此，不應根據下文所述的實驗對本發明作出限制性的解釋。 The examples are hereinafter described to more specifically describe the present invention. Although the following experiments are described, the materials used, the amounts and ratios thereof, the processing details, the processing flow, and the like can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention should not be construed restrictively based on the experiments described below.
表1呈現了比較例和各實施例的化學成分，表2則呈現了構成比較例和各實施例的礦石原料的粒度組成和化學成分。 Table 1 presents the chemical compositions of the comparative examples and the respective examples, and Table 2 shows the particle size composition and chemical composition of the ore raw materials constituting the comparative examples and the respective examples.
比較例的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂以鉻礦砂(75重量%)及矽砂(25重量%)兩種原料組成；實施例1的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂以鉻礦砂(75重量%)、矽砂(23重量%)及鉀長石(2重量%)等三種原料組成；實施例1的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂則以鉻礦砂(67重量%)、矽砂(30重量%)及鉀長石(3重量%)等三種原料組成。 The steel drum of the comparative example is composed of chrome ore sand (75% by weight) and strontium sand (25% by weight); the steel drum of the embodiment 1 is made of chrome ore sand with chrome ore sand ( 75 wt%), cerium (23 wt%) and potassium feldspar (2 wt%); the chrome sand of the steel drum of Example 1 is chrome ore (67 wt%), strontium sand It is composed of three kinds of raw materials (30% by weight) and potassium feldspar (3% by weight).
比較例和實施例1的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂是在 150噸盛鋼桶進行使用，實施例2的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂則是在250噸盛鋼桶進行使用。鋼液溫度均在約1600度C到1650度C之間，且鋼液由轉爐出鋼至澆鑄台的停留時間均約2小時到3小時。 The chrome sliding door sand of the steel drum of the comparative example and the embodiment 1 is The 150-ton steel drum is used, and the chrome sliding door sand of the steel drum of Example 2 is used in a 250-ton steel drum. The temperature of the molten steel is between about 1600 ° C and 1650 ° C, and the residence time of the molten steel from the converter tapping to the casting table is about 2 hours to 3 hours.
實驗之結果，使用比較例的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂可達到98.5%的自然開口率；使用實施例1的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂則可達到99.5%的自然開口率；使用實施例2的盛鋼桶用鉻質滑門砂可更達到100%的自然開口率。顯示本發明併用特定化學組成和特定粒度確有提高自然開口率的效果。 As a result of the experiment, the natural opening ratio of 98.5% can be achieved by using the chrome sliding door sand of the steel drum of the comparative example; the natural opening ratio of 99.5% can be achieved by using the chrome sliding door sand of the steel drum of the embodiment 1; The use of the chrome sliding door sand of the steel drum of Example 2 can achieve a natural opening ratio of 100%. The invention has been shown to have the effect of increasing the natural aperture ratio with a particular chemical composition and specific particle size.
雖然已以數種實施方式/實施例對本發明作說明如上，然而這些內容並非用以限制本發明，在本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 The present invention has been described in terms of several embodiments and embodiments, which are not intended to limit the invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention Various changes and modifications may be made, and the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
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| CN110496959A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-26 | 乌兰察布市西蒙鼎新技术开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of stuffing sand |
| TWI795099B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-03-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Double-layer composite filler sand for well block of steel ladle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110496959A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-26 | 乌兰察布市西蒙鼎新技术开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of stuffing sand |
| TWI795099B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-03-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Double-layer composite filler sand for well block of steel ladle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI593657B (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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