TW201416379A - Combination type reagent set for radiative gel dosimeter, and preparation method and combination method thereof - Google Patents
Combination type reagent set for radiative gel dosimeter, and preparation method and combination method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201416379A TW201416379A TW101138518A TW101138518A TW201416379A TW 201416379 A TW201416379 A TW 201416379A TW 101138518 A TW101138518 A TW 101138518A TW 101138518 A TW101138518 A TW 101138518A TW 201416379 A TW201416379 A TW 201416379A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- gelatin
- agent
- deionized water
- nipam
- bis
- Prior art date
Links
Landscapes
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明與放射劑量驗證工具有關，更詳而言之，係一種放射線凝膠劑量計組合式試劑組，該試劑組將組合成放射線凝膠劑量計的所需物料，按比例分配預製成A、B、C三劑，據此延長放射線凝膠劑量計的架儲時間、以精簡的標準化作業流程減少使用端組配放射線凝膠劑量計的步驟和時間、減少人為操作失誤、減少凝膠劑量計於製備過程中接觸足以使其發生不良反應之因素的機率。 The present invention relates to a radiation dose verification tool, and more particularly, to a radiation gel dosimeter combined reagent group, which is combined into a required material of a radiation gel dosimeter, and is pre-formed into A. , B, C three doses, according to which to extend the storage time of the radiation gel dosimeter, reduce the steps and time of using the end of the assembly of the radiation gel dosimeter with a streamlined standardization process, reduce human error, reduce the gel dose The probability of exposure to factors sufficient to cause an adverse reaction during the preparation process.
已知，高科技放射治療為治療癌症的主要方法之一，在控制癌症病灶及治癒率上有極大的貢獻。在傳統放射治療中，常面臨無法完全將放射線限制在腫瘤範圍內之問題，在利用放射線殺死腫瘤細胞的同時，腫瘤周圍的正常組織亦免不了會受到一些放射劑量傷害，當腫瘤所受劑量愈高時，正常組織所受放射線劑量亦隨之升高。臨床治療上有時會為了不想使正常組織和重要器官受到太多放射線劑量，而降低投予腫瘤的放射線劑量，如此一來腫瘤細胞可能無法得到足夠的致死劑量，進而影響整體放射治療效果。 High-tech radiation therapy is known to be one of the main methods for treating cancer, and it has greatly contributed to the control of cancer lesions and cure rates. In traditional radiotherapy, it is often faced with the problem that it is impossible to completely limit the radiation to the tumor. When the tumor cells are killed by radiation, the normal tissue around the tumor is inevitably subject to some radiation dose damage. When high, the radiation dose of normal tissues also increases. Clinical treatment sometimes reduces the dose of radiation administered to the tumor in order to prevent normal tissues and vital organs from being exposed to too much radiation dose, so that the tumor cells may not be able to obtain a sufficient lethal dose, thereby affecting the overall radiation treatment effect.
目前已發展出利用電腦斷層掃描，將腫瘤和周圍正常組織間的解剖位置關係以三度空間影像呈現，放射線射束的入射可跟隨著腫瘤的生長形狀不同而變化，換言之，是一種對腫瘤三度空間的順形放射治療。強度調控放射治療(Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy，簡稱IMRT)是三度空間順形治療的一種延伸。利用電腦斷層掃描重組腫瘤三度空間的立體影 像，並以射束眼(Beam's Eye View)來決定三度空間的多重照野，使醫師能就病人腫瘤與四周正常組織的立體影像來做擬定治療計畫。IMRT能適度調節腫瘤及正常組織放射劑量百分比，使腫瘤部位的放射劑量提升，正常組織的放射劑量降低，提高腫瘤控制率及降低正常組織或器官受損機率。 At present, computerized tomography has been developed to present the anatomical positional relationship between the tumor and the surrounding normal tissue in a three-dimensional image. The incidence of the radiation beam can be changed according to the growth shape of the tumor. In other words, it is a pair of tumors. Conformal radiation therapy for degree space. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) is an extension of three-dimensional spatial conformal therapy. Reconstruction of stereoscopic three-dimensional space of tumor using computed tomography Like, and using Beam's Eye View to determine the multiple fields of the three-dimensional space, the doctor can make a plan for the treatment of the patient's tumor and the surrounding three-dimensional image. IMRT can moderately adjust the percentage of radiation dose in tumors and normal tissues, increase the radiation dose at the tumor site, reduce the radiation dose of normal tissues, increase the tumor control rate and reduce the risk of normal tissue or organ damage.
IMRT整體計畫的完成，涉及許多照野的照射和不同強度的給予。因此除了在進行治療前，必須將病灶的範圍準確地描繪出來之外，照射部位與治療計畫中所計算的劑量與位置有無偏差、腫瘤內的每一點是否都接受到正確的劑量，是非常重要的一環。換言之，IMRT必須在定位準確的前提下才能發揮功能，以避免失之毫米，劑量分佈卻差之千里的結果出現。因此，理想的劑量計可完成劑量驗證和記錄，以確保治療品質並發揮強度調控放射治療的功能。 The completion of the IMRT overall project involves many illuminations of the field and the giving of different strengths. Therefore, in addition to accurately depicting the extent of the lesion before treatment, whether the dose and position calculated in the treatment site and the treatment plan are different, and whether each point in the tumor receives the correct dose is very An important part. In other words, the IMRT must function under the premise of accurate positioning to avoid the loss of millimeters, and the results of the dose distribution are thousands of miles away. Therefore, the ideal dosimeter can complete the dose verification and recording to ensure the quality of treatment and to play the role of intensity regulation of radiation therapy.
目前在臨床常使用之放射劑量驗證工具包括有游離腔、熱發光計、底片以及聚合物凝膠劑量計，其中又以聚合物凝膠劑量計具有較佳之劑量量測能力與較高之解析度，對於目前走向三度空間且愈來愈複雜的放射治療而言，具有極大之助益。 Currently, the radiation dose verification tools commonly used in clinical practice include free cavity, thermal luminometer, negative film and polymer gel dosimeter, wherein the polymer gel dosimeter has better dose measurement capability and higher resolution. For the current three-dimensional space and the increasingly complex radiation therapy, it is of great help.
凝膠劑量計的成份配方，如2007年7月中台科技大學放射科學研究所謝栢滄博士所指導之碩士論文「聚合物凝膠劑量計之研究-n-NIPAM gel配方的最適化探討」中指出，聚合物凝膠通常由去離子水、凝膠基質(gel或agarose)、單體、其他添加劑(抗氧化劑、交聯劑...)所組成。前三項為必備原料，添加劑的使用與否，端視不同凝膠配方而有不同的考量。去離子水是凝膠組成份中比例最大的(80%以上)，當作誘發自由基的來源。因水經輻射裂解後會產生自由基，而自由基與單元體發生聚合作用，達到偵測輻射 的目的。凝膠基質的功能是將水液狀的單體混合物轉變為凝膠狀。單體是聚合物凝膠的主角，主要功能是與自由基結合而間接偵測輻射線。交聯劑的功能是將可溶於水的線性聚合物經由交聯作用形成三度空間更緊密且不溶於水的聚合物，於照射輻射後可顯現出外觀上的變化，以便於進行量化量測。添加劑還包括了去除凝膠中之氧氣的物質，因為氧氣會抑制聚合反應，即使微量也會使凝膠聚合失效。兩種方法可移除凝膠劑量計中的氧氣，一為製備凝膠時沖入氮氣或氬氣，另一為添加抗氧化劑。前者必需在低氧環境下製備，後者於一般環境下製備。 The formulation of the composition of the gel dosimeter, as stated in the master's thesis "Research on Polymer Gel Dosimeter - Optimization of n-NIPAM gel Formula" by Dr. Xie Baijun, Institute of Radiological Sciences, China University of Science and Technology, July 2007 The polymer gel is usually composed of deionized water, a gel matrix (gel or agarose), a monomer, other additives (antioxidants, crosslinkers...). The first three items are essential raw materials, and the use of additives depends on different gel formulations and has different considerations. Deionized water is the largest proportion of the gel component (more than 80%) and serves as a source of induced free radicals. Free radicals are generated by water cleavage by radiation, and radicals are polymerized with the unit body to achieve detection of radiation. the goal of. The function of the gel matrix is to convert the aqueous monomer mixture into a gel. The monomer is the protagonist of the polymer gel. Its main function is to combine the free radicals to indirectly detect the radiation. The function of the cross-linking agent is to form a water-soluble linear polymer via cross-linking to form a three-dimensionally denser and water-insoluble polymer, which can exhibit an appearance change after irradiation of radiation, so as to be quantified. Measurement. The additive also includes a substance that removes oxygen from the gel because oxygen inhibits the polymerization reaction, and even a small amount causes the gel polymerization to fail. Two methods remove oxygen from the gel dosimeter, either by flushing with nitrogen or argon while preparing the gel, and by adding an antioxidant. The former must be prepared in a low oxygen environment, and the latter is prepared under normal circumstances.
上開論文中揭露製備凝膠劑量計的詳細實驗流程如下： The detailed experimental procedure for preparing a gel dosimeter is disclosed in the above paper:
1.由純水製造機上，取89ml去離子水置於250ml的燒杯中。 1. On a pure water making machine, take 89 ml of deionized water in a 250 ml beaker.
2.在室溫下加入5g gelatin(凝膠基質)攪拌至粉體完全溶解且充份膨脹。 2. Add 5 g of gelatin (gel matrix) at room temperature until the powder is completely dissolved and fully expanded.
3.將此溶液注入隔水加熱系統，再加熱攪拌至45℃，讓gelatin充份溶解呈現清澈狀。 3. The solution was poured into a water-blocking heating system, and then heated and stirred to 45 ° C to allow gelatin to dissolve in a clear form.
4.加入3g NIPAM(單體)與3g BIS(交聯劑)，均勻攪拌至全部組成份完全溶解。 4. Add 3 g of NIPAM (monomer) and 3 g of BIS (crosslinking agent), and stir evenly until all the components are completely dissolved.
5.加入10mM THPC(除氧劑)均勻攪拌至全部組成份完全溶解。 5. Add 10 mM THPC (oxygen scavenger) and stir evenly until all the components are completely dissolved.
6.將凝膠分裝於試管中。 6. Dispense the gel in a test tube.
7.凝膠分裝完畢，將試管裝入包覆錫箔紙的試管架中，靜置於4℃環境中，使凝膠凝固。 7. After the gel is dispensed, the test tube is placed in a test tube rack covered with tin foil, and placed in an environment of 4 ° C to solidify the gel.
8.凝膠製備6小時內進行輻射照射。 8. Radiation irradiation was carried out within 6 hours of gel preparation.
以上的流程步驟是透過實驗室人員的人工操作，然而，成份配比及操 作時間的精確性、原料溶解和操作溫度之控制等關鍵，在人工操作的環境中並不容易完全精準的掌控，有較多的人為誤差，這可能導致各試管之凝膠劑量計對輻射的反應性不同，影響凝膠劑量計的準確度和穩定度。再者，凝膠製備後需於6小時內進行輻射照射，因此凝膠劑量計無法於放射治療單位以外的廠商大量製成後再販售給醫療單位，它必需由放射治療單位中的人員親自配置，在IMRT的使用率逐漸提高，凝膠劑量計的製備也必需更加快速，但人工配製凝膠劑量計的時間冗長，程序繁瑣，這無疑增加了放射治療單位人員的工作量。 The above process steps are performed manually by laboratory personnel, however, the composition ratio and operation The key to accuracy of time, control of raw material dissolution and operating temperature is not easy to control completely in a manual environment, and there are more human errors, which may cause the gel dosimeter of each test tube to radiate. The reactivity is different, affecting the accuracy and stability of the gel dosimeter. Furthermore, after the gel is prepared, it is required to be irradiated within 6 hours. Therefore, the gel dosimeter cannot be mass-produced by a manufacturer other than the radiotherapy unit and then sold to a medical unit, which must be personally configured by a person in the radiotherapy unit. The use of IMRT is gradually increasing, and the preparation of the gel dosimeter must be faster. However, the manual preparation of the gel dosimeter is time-consuming and cumbersome, which undoubtedly increases the workload of the radiotherapy unit.
為解決此一問題，本案發明人研發一全自動化的製造裝填設備，並申請發明專利在案，申請案號100143429。 In order to solve this problem, the inventor of the present invention developed a fully automated manufacturing and filling equipment, and applied for an invention patent, application number 100143429.
本案發明人認為以全自動化的製造裝填設備確實可以解決凝膠劑量計的配置問題，但是它有安置空間、組裝、購價、維修以及適用於大量製造等種種條件考量。然而，在這些條件以外的使用者仍然必需以人工操作的方式來調製凝膠劑量計，本案發明人認為必需以另外的方法來降低人工操作失誤的問題。 The inventor of the present invention believes that the fully automated manufacturing of the filling equipment can indeed solve the configuration problem of the gel dosimeter, but it has various considerations such as installation space, assembly, purchase price, maintenance and application for mass production. However, users outside these conditions still have to manually modulate the gel dosimeter, and the inventors believe that additional methods are needed to reduce the problem of manual handling errors.
本發明之目的係在提供一種放射線凝膠劑量計組合式試劑組，該試劑組是將組合成放射線凝膠劑量計的所需物料，按比例分配預製成A、B、C三劑，據此延長放射線凝膠劑量計的架儲時間、以精簡的標準化作業流程減少使用端組配放射線凝膠劑量計的步驟和時間、減少人為操作失誤、減少凝膠劑量計於製備過程中接觸足以使其發生不良反應之因素的機率。 The object of the present invention is to provide a radiation gel dosimeter combined reagent group, which is a required material which is combined into a radiation gel dosimeter, and is pre-formulated into three doses of A, B and C. The extended storage time of the radiation gel dosimeter, the step and time of reducing the use of the end-assembled radiation gel dosimeter by a streamlined standardized workflow, the reduction of human error, and the reduction of the gel dosimeter during the preparation process are sufficient to make The probability of factors that cause adverse reactions.
一種放射線凝膠劑量計組合式試劑組，製備放射線凝膠劑量計的物料 包括明膠(Gelatin)、乙烯異丙烯醯胺(N-Isopropylacrylamide,NIPAM，粉態)、N’N’-亞甲基二丙烯醯胺(N’N’-methylene-bisacrylamide,BIS，粉態)、氯化四(羥甲基)鏻[Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride,THPC,80% solution in water，液態]、以及去離子水；上述物料用量百分比為Gelatin 3%~6%、NIPAM 3%~10%、BIS 1%~6%、THPC 5~10mM、去離子水78%~93%；上述物料分為A、B、C三劑，該A、B、C三劑構成一試劑組。 Radiation gel dosimeter combined reagent group for preparing materials for radiation gel dosimeter Including gelatin (Gelatin), ethylene isopropene amide (N-Isopropylacrylamide, NIPAM, powder), N'N'-methylene-bisacrylamide (BIS, powder), Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride, THPC, 80% solution in water, liquid, and deionized water; the percentage of the above materials is Gelatin 3%~6%, NIPAM 3%~10 %, BIS 1% ~ 6%, THPC 5 ~ 10mM, deionized water 78% ~ 93%; the above materials are divided into three doses A, B, C, the three agents A, B, C constitute a reagent group.
在本發明中，A、B、C劑有三種組合樣態；其中， In the present invention, there are three combinations of the A, B, and C agents;
例一，A劑是由去離子水、Gelatin、及NIPAM混合而成；B劑是BIS；C劑是THPC。 In the first example, the agent A is a mixture of deionized water, Gelatin, and NIPAM; the agent B is BIS; and the agent C is THPC.
例二，A劑是由去離子水、Gelatin、及BIS混合而成；B劑是NIPAM；C劑是THPC。 In the second example, the agent A is a mixture of deionized water, Gelatin, and BIS; the agent B is NIPAM; and the agent C is THPC.
例三，A劑是由去離子水、Gelatin混合而成；B劑是NIPAM及BIS混合；C劑是THPC。 In the third example, the agent A is mixed with deionized water and Gelatin; the agent B is a mixture of NIPAM and BIS; and the agent C is THPC.
本發明製配放射線凝膠劑量計的物料，包括：明膠(Gelatin)、乙烯異丙烯醯胺(N~Isopropylacrylamide,NIPAM，粉態)、N’N’-亞甲基二丙烯醯胺(N’N’-methylene-bisacrylamide,BIS，粉態)、氯化四(羥甲基)鏻[Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride,THPC,80% solution in water，液態]、以及去離子水。 The material for preparing a radiation gel dosimeter of the invention comprises: gelatin (Gelatin), ethylene isopropenamide (N~Isopropylacrylamide, NIPAM, powder state), N'N'-methylenebis propylene amide (N' N'-methylene-bisacrylamide, BIS, powder), Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphoonium chloride, THPC, 80% solution in water, liquid, and deionized water.
以調製100ml凝膠劑量計為例，上述物料的用量百分比為Gelatin 3%~6%、NIPAM 3%~10%、BIS 1%~6%、THPC 5~10mM、去離子水78%~93%； NIPAM是凝膠劑量計的主角，主要功能是與自由基結合而間接偵測輻射線。Gelatin的功能是將水液狀的單體混合物轉變為凝膠狀。BIS的功能是將可溶於水的線性聚合物經由交聯作用形成三度空間更緊密且不溶於水的聚合物，於照射輻射後可顯現出外觀上的變化，以便於進行量化量測。去離子水被當作誘發自由基的來源，因水經輻射裂解後會產生自由基，而自由基與單元體發生聚合作用，達到偵測輻射的目的。THPC為除氧劑，用來去除凝膠中的氧氣，因為氧氣會抑制聚合反應，即使微量也會使凝膠聚合失效。 Taking a 100 ml gel dosimeter as an example, the percentage of the above materials is Gelatin. 3%~6%, NIPAM 3%~10%, BIS 1%~6%, THPC 5~10mM, deionized water 78%~93%; NIPAM is the protagonist of the gel dosimeter. Its main function is to combine the free radicals to indirectly detect the radiation. The function of Gelatin is to convert a liquid monomer mixture into a gel. The function of BIS is to form a three-dimensionally denser and water-insoluble polymer by cross-linking a water-soluble linear polymer, which exhibits a change in appearance upon irradiation with radiation to facilitate quantitative measurement. Deionized water is used as a source of induced free radicals. As water is cleaved by radiation, free radicals are generated, and the free radicals and the unit body are polymerized to achieve the purpose of detecting radiation. THPC is an oxygen scavenger used to remove oxygen from the gel because oxygen inhibits polymerization and even a small amount can cause gel polymerization to fail.
本發明凝膠劑量計組合式試劑組是將上述物料按比例分配預製成A、B、C三劑。 The gel dosimeter combined reagent group of the present invention pre-forms the above materials into three batches of A, B and C.
A劑是由去離子水、Gelatin、及NIPAM混合而成。B劑是BIS。C劑是THPC。 Agent A is a mixture of deionized water, Gelatin, and NIPAM. The B agent is BIS. The C agent is THPC.
調配A劑的步驟為：步驟一，在去離子水中加入Gelatin，攪拌15分鐘，調配成混合均勻的去離子水-Gelatin混合物；步驟二，將上述去離子水-Gelatin混合物隔水加熱至45℃； 步驟三，將NIPAM加入已達45℃的去離子水-Gelatin混合物中，攪拌20分鐘至混合均勻，至此A劑調配完成；步驟四，將A劑放入避光瓶中密封，於4℃保存。 The step of formulating the A agent is as follows: Step 1: adding Gelatin in deionized water, stirring for 15 minutes, and mixing into a uniformly mixed deionized water-Gelatin mixture; and step 2, heating the above deionized water-Gelatin mixture to 45 ° C in water. ; Step 3, adding NIPAM to the deionized water-Gelatin mixture which has reached 45 ° C, stirring for 20 minutes until the mixture is evenly mixed, and then the preparation of the A agent is completed; in step 4, the agent A is sealed in a dark bottle and stored at 4 ° C. .
B劑，將BIS密封於避光瓶中，於4℃保存。 For the B agent, the BIS was sealed in a dark bottle and stored at 4 °C.
C劑，將THPC密封於避光封中，常溫保存。 C agent, the THPC is sealed in a light-proof seal and stored at room temperature.
A劑是由去離子水、Gelatin、及BIS混合而成。B劑是NIPAM。C劑是THPC。 Agent A is a mixture of deionized water, Gelatin, and BIS. The B agent is NIPAM. The C agent is THPC.
調配A劑的步驟為：步驟一，在去離子水中加入Gelatin，攪拌15分鐘，調配成混合均勻的去離子水-Gelatin混合物；步驟二，將上述去離子水-Gelatin混合物隔水加熱至45℃；步驟三，將BIS加入已達45℃的去離子水-Gelatin混合物中，攪拌20分鐘至混合均勻，至此A劑調配完成；步驟四，將A劑放入避光瓶中密封，於4℃保存。 The step of formulating the A agent is as follows: Step 1: adding Gelatin in deionized water, stirring for 15 minutes, and mixing into a uniformly mixed deionized water-Gelatin mixture; and step 2, heating the above deionized water-Gelatin mixture to 45 ° C in water. Step 3, adding BIS to the deionized water-Gelatin mixture which has reached 45 ° C, stirring for 20 minutes until the mixture is evenly mixed, and then the preparation of the A agent is completed; in step 4, the agent A is sealed in a dark bottle at 4 ° C. save.
B劑，將NIPAM密封於避光瓶中，於4℃保存。 For the B agent, the NIPAM was sealed in a dark bottle and stored at 4 °C.
C劑，將THPC密封於避光封中，常溫保存。 C agent, the THPC is sealed in a light-proof seal and stored at room temperature.
A劑是由去離子水、Gelatin混合而成。B劑是NIPAM及BIS混合。C劑是THPC。 Agent A is a mixture of deionized water and Gelatin. The B agent is a mixture of NIPAM and BIS. The C agent is THPC.
調配A劑的步驟為：步驟一，在去離子水中加入Gelatin，攪拌15分鐘，調配成混合均勻的去離子水-Gelatin混合物；步驟二，將去離子水-Gelatin混合物放入避光瓶中密封，於4℃保存。 The procedure for formulating the agent A is as follows: in step 1, adding Gelatin in deionized water, stirring for 15 minutes, and mixing into a uniformly mixed deionized water-Gelatin mixture; in step two, the deionized water-Gelatin mixture is sealed in a dark bottle. , stored at 4 ° C.
B劑，將NIPAM粉末和BIS粉末混合後密封於避光瓶中，於4℃保存。 For the B agent, the NIPAM powder and the BIS powder were mixed, sealed in a dark bottle, and stored at 4 °C.
C劑，將THPC密封於避光封中，常溫保存。 C agent, the THPC is sealed in a light-proof seal and stored at room temperature.
步驟一，備一混合皿，將該混合皿置入45℃的水浴槽中，將A劑倒入混合皿，在混合皿中進行回溶，時間約20分鐘；此步驟於避光環境中進行；步驟二，將B劑倒入混合皿中，攪拌25分鐘，使A劑與B劑充份溶解；此步驟於避光環境中進行；步驟三，將C劑加入混合皿中，準確計時攪拌2分鐘；此步驟於避光環境中進行；步驟四，分裝試管並密封；步驟五，將試管放入避光的試管架中保存，靜置於4℃環境中，使凝膠凝固，並於6小時內進行照射。 Step one, prepare a mixing dish, place the mixing dish in a water bath at 45 ° C, pour the A agent into the mixing dish, and dissolve it in the mixing dish for about 20 minutes; this step is carried out in a dark environment. Step 2, pour the B agent into the mixing dish, stir for 25 minutes, so that the A agent and the B agent are fully dissolved; this step is carried out in a dark environment; in step 3, the C agent is added to the mixing dish, and the time is stirred accurately. 2 minutes; this step is carried out in a dark environment; in step 4, the test tube is divided and sealed; in step 5, the test tube is placed in a dark test tube holder, and placed in an environment of 4 ° C to solidify the gel, and Irradiation was carried out within 6 hours.
從【先前技術】一欄中所描述的凝膠配方，經實驗證實在輻射劑量反應敏感度、空間穩定性、時間穩定性方面都有符合預期的表現。本發明是將原來的凝膠配方按比例分配預製成A、B、C三劑，A劑於冷藏4℃時呈凝 膠狀態，但加熱45℃即回溶成流動性膠態，以便使B劑可與之混合。基於產生膠連反應的組份配方被分開存放在A劑和B劑中，因此A劑和B劑都各自保有穩定性，避光冷藏4℃(A、B劑)或避光室溫存放(C劑)的條件符合，A、B、C劑的架儲時間可延長至與各組份的有效期相當。若採用的去離子水是經過非照光或輻射性除菌處理的(因照光或輻射處理的去離子水會導至A劑產生膠連反應)，推知可減少A劑的菌數，有助於延長A、B劑架儲時間，減少長途運送時的保存問題。 From the gel formulation described in the [Prior Art] column, it has been experimentally confirmed that the radiation dose response sensitivity, spatial stability, and time stability are all in accordance with the expected performance. The invention pre-forms the original gel formula into three doses of A, B and C, and the agent A is condensed at 4 ° C for refrigeration. In the state of gel, but heated to 45 ° C, it is dissolved back into a fluid colloid so that the agent B can be mixed therewith. The component formula based on the gelation reaction is separately stored in the A agent and the B agent, so both the A agent and the B agent are kept stable, stored at 4 ° C (A, B agent) in the dark or protected from light at room temperature ( The conditions of the C agent are consistent, and the storage time of the A, B, and C agents can be extended to be equivalent to the expiration date of each component. If the deionized water used is treated by non-illumination or radiation sterilization (deionized water treated by light or radiation will lead to the gelation reaction of agent A), it is inferred that the number of bacteria in agent A can be reduced, which helps Extend the storage time of A and B agents to reduce storage problems during long-distance transportation.
A、B、C三劑是在需要使用凝膠劑量計前的6個小時內在使用者端進行組合，可以保持組合後凝膠的新鮮度和穩定性。而組合的步驟及條件都很簡單，即A劑回溶後，依序加入B劑和C劑攪拌混合，全程於45℃避光環境中進行。簡單易操作且標準化作業流程的組合方式，減少使用端組配放射線凝膠劑量計的步驟和時間，也減少人為操作失誤，減少凝膠劑量計於製備過程中接觸足以使其發生不良反應之因素的機率。 The three doses A, B, and C are combined at the user end within 6 hours before the gel dosimeter is required to maintain the freshness and stability of the gel after combination. The combination of steps and conditions are very simple, that is, after the A agent is dissolved, the B agent and the C agent are sequentially added and stirred and mixed, and the whole process is carried out in a dark environment at 45 ° C. The combination of easy-to-use and standardized workflows reduces the steps and time required to assemble a radiation gel dosimeter, reduces man-made operational errors, and reduces the exposure of the gel dosimeter to sufficient adverse reactions during preparation. The chance.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101138518A TWI453221B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | A combination reagent group for a radiation gel dosimeter, a method for preparing the reagent group, and a combination method of the reagent group |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101138518A TWI453221B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | A combination reagent group for a radiation gel dosimeter, a method for preparing the reagent group, and a combination method of the reagent group |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201416379A true TW201416379A (en) | 2014-05-01 |
| TWI453221B TWI453221B (en) | 2014-09-21 |
Family
ID=51293632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101138518A TWI453221B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | A combination reagent group for a radiation gel dosimeter, a method for preparing the reagent group, and a combination method of the reagent group |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI453221B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210236855A1 (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2021-08-05 | Duke University | Systems and methods of quality assurance for radiotherapy |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201002349A (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-16 | Univ Central Taiwan Sci & Tech | A kit for radiotherapy dosimetry |
-
2012
- 2012-10-18 TW TW101138518A patent/TWI453221B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210236855A1 (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2021-08-05 | Duke University | Systems and methods of quality assurance for radiotherapy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI453221B (en) | 2014-09-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Vyas et al. | On bolus for megavoltage photon and electron radiation therapy | |
| Mann et al. | 3D dosimetric validation of motion compensation concepts in radiotherapy using an anthropomorphic dynamic lung phantom | |
| Babic et al. | Three-dimensional dosimetry of small megavoltage radiation fields using radiochromic gels and optical CT scanning | |
| Zaman et al. | Comparison of planned and measured rectal dose in-vivo during high dose rate Cobalt-60 brachytherapy of cervical cancer | |
| WO2021093355A1 (en) | Three-dimensional fricke gel dosimeter, preparation method and application thereof | |
| Kawahara et al. | Absorbed dose and image quality of Varian TrueBeam CBCT compared with OBI CBCT | |
| CN108744320A (en) | A kind of the boron neutron capture therapy system and its operating method of guided by magnetic resonance | |
| Pushpavanam et al. | Versatile detection and monitoring of ionizing radiation treatment using radiation-responsive gel nanosensors | |
| Olding et al. | Effective management of FXG gel dosimetry | |
| TWI453221B (en) | A combination reagent group for a radiation gel dosimeter, a method for preparing the reagent group, and a combination method of the reagent group | |
| Sheykholeslami et al. | Dual application of Polyvinyl Alcohol Glutaraldehyde Methylthymol Blue Fricke hydrogel in clinical practice: Surface dosimeter and bolus | |
| Toramatsu et al. | Measurement of biological washout rates depending on tumor vascular status in 15O in-beam rat-pet | |
| Hsieh et al. | Preliminary investigation of a new type of propylene based gel dosimeter (DEMBIG) | |
| Zhu et al. | Improved MAGIC gel for higher sensitivity and elemental tissue equivalent 3D dosimetry | |
| US20080277572A1 (en) | Ionizing radiations | |
| Karger et al. | Validation of complex radiotherapy techniques using polymer gel dosimetry | |
| US10071173B2 (en) | Fiducial marker for use in stereotactic radiosurgery and process of production | |
| TWI296275B (en) | A new composition of acrylic polymer gel and a method for manufacturing the same | |
| Christensen et al. | Injectable silver nanosensors: in vivo dosimetry for external beam radiotherapy using positron emission tomography | |
| Goetsch | Linear accelerator and gamma knife–based stereotactic cranial radiosurgery: challenges and successes of existing quality assurance guidelines and paradigms | |
| WO2024011452A1 (en) | Method for preparing thin film and use of thin film | |
| Novotný et al. | Application of polymer gel dosimetry in gamma knife radiosurgery | |
| Ceberg et al. | FLASH radiotherapy and the associated dosimetric challenges | |
| Olding et al. | A practical use for FXG gel dosimetry | |
| Alexander et al. | 3D slicer gel dosimetry analysis: validation of the calibration process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |