TW201347359A - Electromagnetic induction device - Google Patents
Electromagnetic induction device Download PDFInfo
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- TW201347359A TW201347359A TW102111375A TW102111375A TW201347359A TW 201347359 A TW201347359 A TW 201347359A TW 102111375 A TW102111375 A TW 102111375A TW 102111375 A TW102111375 A TW 102111375A TW 201347359 A TW201347359 A TW 201347359A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
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Abstract
Description
本發明與電磁誘導裝置相關，特別是指當作電動機或稱為發電機使用的電磁誘導裝置者。 The invention relates to an electromagnetic induction device, and in particular to an electromagnetic induction device used as an electric motor or as a generator.
為了提高電動機或稱為發電機的磁場，而有了稱為霍爾貝克排列的排列方式，將永久磁鐵的N極與S極交互配置形成的構造。磁場在磁鐵排列的外側及內側皆無法產生，無法有效的利用磁場。針對這一點，霍爾貝克排列則是將永久磁鐵的磁極以相鄰磁鐵相差90度的排列，減弱磁鐵排列一側的磁場，在該磁鐵排列的另一側相對的增強磁場，則可以產生單側磁場較強的永久磁鐵排列。以使用了霍爾貝克排列配置的二列永久磁鐵排列(Duel)之間配置電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)的永久磁鐵迴轉電機(參考特許文獻1)和直線電動機(參考特許文獻2)為提案。 In order to increase the magnetic field of the electric motor or the generator, there is a structure in which the N-pole and the S-pole of the permanent magnet are alternately arranged in an arrangement called Holbeck arrangement. The magnetic field cannot be generated on the outside and inside of the magnet array, and the magnetic field cannot be effectively utilized. In view of this, the Holbeck arrangement is such that the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees between adjacent magnets, and the magnetic field on the side of the magnet arrangement is weakened, and the opposite magnetic field on the other side of the magnet arrangement can generate a single The permanent magnets with strong side magnetic fields are arranged. A permanent magnet rotary motor (refer to Patent Document 1) and a linear motor (refer to Patent Document 2) in which an armature winding (armature coil) is disposed between two columns of permanent magnet arrays (Duel) in a Halleck arrangement arrangement is used. proposal.
[特許文獻1]日本特開2009-201343號公報。 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2009-201343.
[特許文獻2]日本特開2010-154688號公報。 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2010-154688.
使用雙層霍爾貝克排列永久磁鐵的無鐵芯馬達及無鐵芯發電機，是將電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)纏繞的線圈匝數盡可能的增大，但以往的構造則是未將線圈匝數最適化的狀況下追求更大的線圈匝數。 The ironless core motor and the ironless core generator using the double-layer Holbeck array permanent magnets increase the number of turns of the armature winding (armature coil) as much as possible, but the conventional structure is not In the case of optimizing the number of turns of the coil, a larger number of turns of the coil is pursued.
本發明的主要目的是為了提供能夠提升電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)纏繞的線圈匝數的電磁誘導裝置。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A primary object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic induction device capable of increasing the number of turns of a coil wound by an armature winding (armature coil).
為達前述目的，本發明提供一種電磁誘導裝置，包含：一第一永久磁鐵陣列、一第二永久磁鐵陣列以及一電樞繞阻；該第一永久磁鐵陣列與該第二永久磁鐵陣列互相面對配置；該第一永久磁鐵陣列係沿特定方向2 π的整數等分逐次變化方向，該第二永久磁鐵陣列的一側磁場因疊加性效果增強，另一側因抵消性效果減弱，以此方式配置複數個第一永久磁鐵陣列；該第二永久磁鐵陣列係沿特定方向2 π的整數等分逐次變化方向，該第一永久磁鐵陣列的一側磁場因疊加性效果增強，另一側因抵消性效果減弱，以此方式配置複數個第二永久磁鐵陣列；據此製備了該第一永久磁鐵陣列、該第二永久磁鐵陣列以及該電樞繞阻，該電樞繞阻係配置於該第一永久磁鐵陣列與該第二永久磁鐵陣列之間；該第一永久磁鐵陣列與該第二永久磁鐵陣列在平行磁化方向的斷面上具有相同的斷面積；該第一永久磁鐵陣列與該第二永久磁鐵陣列的間隔中，所配置的前述斷面積平方根1.2倍以上，1.5倍以下大小的電磁誘導裝置。 In order to achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention provides an electromagnetic induction device including: a first permanent magnet array, a second permanent magnet array, and an armature winding; the first permanent magnet array and the second permanent magnet array face each other The first permanent magnet array is sequentially changed in an integer aliquot of 2 π in a specific direction, and the magnetic field on one side of the second permanent magnet array is enhanced by the additive effect, and the other side is weakened by the offsetting effect. Configuring a plurality of first permanent magnet arrays; the second permanent magnet array is sequentially changed in an integer division of 2 π in a specific direction, and one side magnetic field of the first permanent magnet array is enhanced by the additive effect, and the other side is The offset effect is weakened, and a plurality of second permanent magnet arrays are configured in this manner; the first permanent magnet array, the second permanent magnet array, and the armature winding are prepared accordingly, and the armature winding system is disposed on the Between the first permanent magnet array and the second permanent magnet array; the first permanent magnet array and the second permanent magnet array are in a parallel magnetization direction Have the same cross-sectional area; spacing the first permanent magnet array and the second permanent magnet array, the square root of the sectional area configured 1.2 times 1.5 times the electromagnetic induction apparatus size.
進一步地，該第一永久磁鐵陣列的磁極方向為該特定方向90度逐次旋轉排列，該第二永久磁鐵陣列的磁極方向為該特定方向90度逐次旋轉排列，該第一永久磁鐵的磁極方向和該第二永久磁鐵的磁極方向垂直或相反。 Further, the magnetic pole direction of the first permanent magnet array is sequentially rotated by 90 degrees in the specific direction, and the magnetic pole direction of the second permanent magnet array is sequentially rotated by 90 degrees in the specific direction, and the magnetic pole direction of the first permanent magnet is The magnetic pole direction of the second permanent magnet is perpendicular or opposite.
進一步地，該特定方向為直線方向。 Further, the specific direction is a linear direction.
進一步地，該特定方向為圓周方向。 Further, the specific direction is a circumferential direction.
進一步地，該電磁誘導裝置係為電動機或發電機。 Further, the electromagnetic induction device is an electric motor or a generator.
本發明利用所提供的電磁誘導裝置，可以獲得的功效在於：藉由將該第一永久磁鐵陣列的磁極方向以2 π的整數等分逐次變換方向，該第二永久磁鐵陣列的磁極方向以2 π的整數等分逐次變換方向，可以提供能夠提升電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)纏繞的線圈匝數的電磁誘導裝置。 According to the present invention, the electromagnetic induction device provided can obtain the effect of sequentially changing the direction of the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet array by an integer of 2π, and the magnetic pole direction of the second permanent magnet array is 2 The integer division of π is successively changed in direction, and an electromagnetic induction device capable of increasing the number of turns of the armature winding (armature coil) can be provided.
有關本發明為達成上述目的，所採用之技術、手段及其他之功效，茲舉一較佳可行實施例並配合圖式詳細說明如后。 The present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments of the present invention in accordance with the accompanying drawings.
10‧‧‧雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場 10‧‧‧Double Hallebeck Alignment Magnetic Field
12‧‧‧永久磁鐵排列 12‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement
13‧‧‧永久磁鐵 13‧‧‧ permanent magnet
16‧‧‧永久磁鐵排列 16‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement
17‧‧‧永久磁鐵 17‧‧‧ permanent magnet
20‧‧‧霍爾貝克排列磁場 20‧‧Holbeck arranging magnetic fields
22‧‧‧永久磁鐵排列 22‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement
23‧‧‧永久磁鐵 23‧‧‧ permanent magnet
26‧‧‧永久磁鐵排列 26‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement
27‧‧‧永久磁鐵 27‧‧‧ permanent magnet
100‧‧‧圓筒型三相直線同步馬達 100‧‧‧Cylinder three-phase linear synchronous motor
105‧‧‧固定子 105‧‧‧Fixator
107‧‧‧可動子 107‧‧‧ movable
108‧‧‧外部電源 108‧‧‧External power supply
109‧‧‧驅動裝置 109‧‧‧ drive
111‧‧‧第一永久磁鐵陣列 111‧‧‧First permanent magnet array
112‧‧‧永久磁鐵 112‧‧‧ permanent magnet
113‧‧‧外側管 113‧‧‧Outer tube
115‧‧‧第二永久磁鐵陣列 115‧‧‧Second permanent magnet array
116‧‧‧永久磁鐵 116‧‧‧ permanent magnet
117‧‧‧內側管 117‧‧‧ inside tube
121‧‧‧導桿 121‧‧‧guides
123‧‧‧固定板 123‧‧‧Fixed plate
131‧‧‧三相線圈 131‧‧‧Three-phase coil
133‧‧‧線圈環 133‧‧‧ coil ring
135‧‧‧直線軸承 135‧‧‧Linear bearings
137‧‧‧出力環 137‧‧‧Output ring
139‧‧‧缺口固定板 139‧‧‧notched fixing plate
141‧‧‧導線 141‧‧‧ wire
143‧‧‧導出路 143‧‧‧Export
201‧‧‧滑動電極 201‧‧‧Sliding electrode
203‧‧‧電極 203‧‧‧electrode
205‧‧‧電極 205‧‧‧electrode
207‧‧‧電極 207‧‧‧electrode
209‧‧‧電極 209‧‧‧electrode
211‧‧‧導桿支撐構件 211‧‧‧Guide support members
213‧‧‧導桿支撐構件 213‧‧‧Guide support members
200‧‧‧三相同步馬達 200‧‧‧Three-phase synchronous motor
211‧‧‧永久磁鐵 211‧‧‧ permanent magnet
221‧‧‧永久磁鐵 221‧‧‧ permanent magnet
230‧‧‧線圈排列 230‧‧‧ coil arrangement
231‧‧‧電樞繞阻 231‧‧‧ Armature winding
240‧‧‧軸 240‧‧‧Axis
250‧‧‧轉子 250‧‧‧Rotor
260‧‧‧定子 260‧‧‧ Stator
210‧‧‧永久磁鐵排列 210‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement
220‧‧‧永久磁鐵排列 220‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement
211‧‧‧永久磁鐵 211‧‧‧ permanent magnet
221‧‧‧永久磁鐵 221‧‧‧ permanent magnet
第1圖係使用等價磁力線法的雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場的斷面圖。 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a two-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field using an equivalent magnetic field line method.
第2圖係說明第1圖中等價磁力線法之示意圖。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the equivalent magnetic field line method of Figure 1.
第3圖係適用等價磁力線法的雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場的段面圖。 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a two-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field applying the equivalent magnetic field line method.
第4圖係間隙長與線圈匝數的關係表示圖。 Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gap length and the number of turns of the coil.
第5圖係間隙長與線圈匝數的關係表示圖。 Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gap length and the number of turns of the coil.
第6圖係本發明實施例之圓筒型三相直線同步馬達的示意圖。 Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a cylindrical three-phase linear synchronous motor of an embodiment of the present invention.
第7圖係第6圖之A-A剖視圖。 Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 6.
第8圖係第6圖之B-B剖視圖。 Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 6.
第9圖係第6圖之C-C剖視圖。 Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 6.
第10圖係本發明之另一實施例，三相同步馬達的示意圖。 Figure 10 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the present invention, a three-phase synchronous motor.
第11圖(A)係本平行磁化方向的斷面中的三相同步馬達的 剖視圖；(B)係電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)的配線示意圖。 Figure 11 (A) is a three-phase synchronous motor in the cross section of the parallel magnetization direction Cross-sectional view; (B) Schematic diagram of the wiring of the armature winding (armature coil).
關於磁極以90度逐次旋轉排列的雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場，使用等價磁力線法得到磁極間隙中央的平均磁力線密度。雙層霍爾貝克排列，永久磁鐵陣列外側的磁力線密度變得極低，又永久磁鐵的比導磁率幾乎與空氣相同。 Regarding the two-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field in which the magnetic poles are sequentially rotated by 90 degrees, the average magnetic field line density in the center of the magnetic pole gap is obtained by the equivalent magnetic field line method. In the double-layer Holbeck arrangement, the density of magnetic lines outside the permanent magnet array becomes extremely low, and the specific magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet is almost the same as that of air.
不使用鐵等強磁性材料，磁力線集中或磁飽和的情況就不會發生，因此可以得到等價磁力線所需的磁力線密度。 When a ferromagnetic material such as iron is not used, the magnetic field lines are concentrated or magnetically saturated, so that the magnetic flux density required for the equivalent magnetic lines of force can be obtained.
第1圖是適用等價磁力線法的雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場10的斷面圖。 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a two-layer Holbeck array magnetic field 10 applying the equivalent magnetic field line method.
雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場10是由永久磁鐵13的磁極經第一直線方向90度逐次旋轉配置的永久磁鐵排列12與永久磁鐵17的磁極經第一直線與平行的第二直線方向90度逐次旋轉配置的永久磁鐵排列16所製備的。 The double-layer Hallbeck array magnetic field 10 is a permanent magnet array 12 in which the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 13 are sequentially rotated by 90 degrees in the first linear direction, and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 17 are rotated by 90 degrees in the first straight line and the parallel second straight line direction. The permanent magnet arrangement 16 is prepared.
永久磁鐵排列12是由永久磁鐵排列16的側邊磁場增強，另一側減弱的永久磁鐵13所配置的，永久磁鐵排列16是由永久磁鐵排列12的側邊磁場增強，另一側減弱的永久磁鐵17所配置的。 The permanent magnet array 12 is provided by a permanent magnet 13 that is reinforced by the side magnetic field of the permanent magnet array 16 and weakened on the other side. The permanent magnet array 16 is enhanced by the side magnetic field of the permanent magnet array 12 and the weakened permanent side. The magnet 17 is arranged.
第1圖是永久磁鐵13、17平行磁化方向的平面的斷面圖。永久磁鐵13、17，在平行磁化方向的平面上都是正方形，有相同的斷面積。 Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a plane parallel to the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets 13, 17. The permanent magnets 13, 17 are square in the plane parallel to the magnetization direction and have the same sectional area.
以平行永久磁鐵13、17的平面的斷面積為1單位作規格化，永久磁鐵13、17的斷面積則為1，又因為斷面積為正方形，所以正方形的邊長也是1。永久磁鐵排列12與16之間，14的間隔(間隙長)則為a。 The area of the plane of the parallel permanent magnets 13, 17 is normalized by one unit, the sectional area of the permanent magnets 13 and 17 is 1, and since the sectional area is square, the side length of the square is also one. Between the permanent magnet arrays 12 and 16, the spacing of 14 (gap length) is a.
第1圖表示是的閉曲線是磁力線，從磁力線形狀瞭解每一極距都存在相同的磁通量路徑，將此磁通量路徑以點線表示。 Fig. 1 shows that the closed curve of the YES is a magnetic line of flux. The same magnetic flux path exists for each pole pitch from the shape of the magnetic field line, and the magnetic flux path is indicated by a dotted line.
第1圖表示的雙層霍爾貝克磁場的等價磁力線的主磁力線通過第1圖的磁通量路徑，又因為磁路對稱於磁極中心線XX，磁力線分別對稱於各自的磁極，現在，如第2圖的方式定義一條磁力線。第2圖中，R為永久磁鐵13、17的磁力阻抗，S為垂直於磁極的磁鐵斷面積，永久磁鐵的磁極方向長1公尺，真空透磁率以μ o表示於下列公式：
在這裡，永久磁鐵的比導磁率趨近於1，又第2圖中，γ為磁鐵的磁極面到縱向路徑的距離，δ是磁極面到間隙中最接近橫向路徑的點的距離與間隙長的比例，Sv為縱向路徑的斷面積，Sr為間隙中橫向路徑的斷面面積。 Here, the specific magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet approaches 1 and in Fig. 2, γ is the distance from the magnetic pole surface of the magnet to the longitudinal path, and δ is the distance from the magnetic pole surface to the point closest to the lateral path in the gap and the gap length. The ratio of Sv is the sectional area of the longitudinal path, and Sr is the sectional area of the transverse path in the gap.
所以，三個閉合回路的主磁力線ψ 1、ψ 2、ψ 3滿足下一個回路方程式，
其中，Hm：永久磁鐵的保持力。 l m ：磁極間隔長( l m =1)據此，α可表示為：
因此，間隙中心線YY上的NS磁極間平均磁力線密度Bav表示為下式。 Therefore, the average magnetic field line density Bav between the NS poles on the gap center line YY is expressed by the following formula.
第3圖為適用等價磁力線法的霍爾貝克排列磁場20的斷面圖，霍爾貝克排列磁場20是由永久磁鐵23的磁極沿圓周方向90度逐次旋轉霍爾貝克排列下行成的永久磁鐵排列22和永久磁鐵27的磁極沿圓周方向約90度逐次旋轉、霍爾貝克排列下形成的永久磁鐵排列26所製備。 3 is a cross-sectional view of a Holbeck array magnetic field 20 to which an equivalent magnetic field line method is applied. The Hallbeck alignment magnetic field 20 is a permanent magnet in which the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 23 are sequentially rotated by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. The arrangement 22 and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 27 are sequentially rotated by about 90 degrees in the circumferential direction and the permanent magnet array 26 formed by the Holbeck arrangement is prepared.
永久磁鐵排列22是由永久磁鐵26一邊磁場因疊加性效果增強，另一邊磁場因抵消性效果減弱產生的永久磁鐵23所排列，永久磁鐵排列26是由永久磁鐵22一邊磁場因疊加性效果增強，另一邊磁場因抵消性效果減弱產生的永久磁鐵27所排列。 The permanent magnet array 22 is formed by the permanent magnets 26 with the magnetic field added by the superimposing effect, and the other magnetic field is arranged by the permanent magnets 23 which are weakened by the canceling effect. The permanent magnet array 26 is enhanced by the superimposing effect of the permanent magnet 22. The other side of the magnetic field is arranged by the permanent magnets 27 which are produced by the weakening effect.
第3圖是平行於永久磁鐵23、27磁化方向的斷面圖。平行於永久磁鐵23、27磁化方向的斷面(與紙面平行的面)皆為梯形，有相同的斷面積。永久磁鐵23與永久磁鐵27有相同的數量，永久磁鐵23以及27的數量，舉例來說，若有64個的話，相鄰的是永久磁鐵23又或者是永久磁鐵27，會以接近180度的174度接合，因此永久磁鐵23與27可視為近似正方形的存在。 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view parallel to the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets 23, 27. The cross section parallel to the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets 23, 27 (the surface parallel to the paper surface) is trapezoidal and has the same sectional area. The permanent magnet 23 has the same number as the permanent magnet 27, and the number of the permanent magnets 23 and 27, for example, if there are 64, the adjacent permanent magnet 23 or the permanent magnet 27 will be close to 180 degrees. The 174 degree joint, so the permanent magnets 23 and 27 can be considered to be approximately square.
如同第1圖的情況，將平行於永久磁鐵23、27的磁化方向(與紙面平行的面)的永久磁鐵23、27的斷面積平方根視為1作規格化，由於斷面積的平方根為1，永久磁鐵23、27的斷面積也是1，又永久磁鐵23、27平行於磁化方向的斷面形狀皆近似於正方形，永久磁鐵23、27的邊長也趨近於1，永久磁鐵排列22與永久磁鐵排26之間的間隔(間隙長)則為a。 As in the case of Fig. 1, the square root of the cross-sectional area of the permanent magnets 23 and 27 parallel to the magnetization directions (surfaces parallel to the paper surface) of the permanent magnets 23 and 27 is regarded as one normalized, and since the square root of the sectional area is 1, The sectional area of the permanent magnets 23, 27 is also 1, and the cross-sectional shapes of the permanent magnets 23, 27 parallel to the magnetization direction are approximately square, the side lengths of the permanent magnets 23, 27 are also close to 1, and the permanent magnet arrangement 22 is permanent. The interval (gap length) between the magnet rows 26 is a.
如第3圖所示，在使用永久磁鐵23、27的磁極 沿圓周方向90度逐次旋轉，霍爾貝克排列下所形成的永久磁鐵排列22、26的情況，近似於第2圖的等價磁力線，可以直接套用上述理論。 As shown in Figure 3, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 23, 27 are used. The above-described theory can be directly applied to the case where the permanent magnet arrays 22 and 26 formed by the Holbeck arrangement are rotated sequentially by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction, similar to the equivalent magnetic lines of force in Fig. 2.
間隙長a為0.25、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0的情況，以直線YY上的y方向磁力線密的By的磁極間平均值B0、γ及δ作為參數代入(4)，將求得的Bav值以表1表示。 When the gap length a is 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0, the average value of B0, γ, and δ between the magnetic poles of the y-direction magnetic line on the straight line YY is substituted as a parameter (4), and the obtained Bav value is obtained. It is shown in Table 1.
表1中，γ=0.25，δ=0.25是選擇幾何中心的磁力線當作路徑的情況。 In Table 1, γ = 0.25, and δ = 0.25 is a case where a magnetic line of a geometric center is selected as a path.
又γ=0.10，δ=0.25是將B0與Bav誤差最小化的值，B τ是根據二次方有限元素法磁場解析的解析值為By的極距間平均值。在這裡，假設磁距間磁力線密度為正弦波狀分布的話，磁力線密度平均值Bav τ為Bav的1/√2倍。B τ與Bav τ的誤差在γ=0.20，δ=0.25為最小的情況。 Further, γ = 0.10, δ = 0.25 is a value that minimizes the B0 and Bav errors, and B τ is an average value of the inter-pole distances of the analytical value of the magnetic field analysis according to the quadratic finite element method. Here, assuming that the magnetic flux density between the magnetic moments is sinusoidal, the average value of the magnetic flux density Bav τ is 1/√2 times that of Bav. The error of B τ and Bav τ is the case where γ = 0.20 and δ = 0.25 is the smallest.
如第1圖所示，永久磁鐵13的磁極經第一直線方向90度逐次旋轉，霍爾貝克排列下的永久磁鐵排列12與永久磁鐵17的磁極經第一直線方向與平行的第二直線方向90度逐次旋轉，霍爾貝克排列下的永久磁鐵排列16，永久磁鐵13、17具備正方形的形狀，具有與上述相同斷面積的雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場10以及如第3圖所示的，永久磁鐵23的磁極方向沿圓周方向90度逐次旋轉，霍爾貝克排列下的永久磁鐵排列22與永久磁鐵27的磁極沿圓周方向90度逐次旋轉，霍爾貝克排列下的永久磁鐵排列26，永久磁鐵23、27具備近似正方形的斷面，具有與上述相同斷面積的霍爾貝克20，如同上文所描述，間隙中心線YY上的NS極距間的平均磁力線密度Bav τ為：
其中，Br為永久磁鐵的殘留磁力線密度，而α為：
若將雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場的間隙中配置的電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)的磁交鏈數Φ以每個極距的磁路斷面積S，線圈匝數N表示： Φ=NSB a vr ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．(6) If the number of magnetic links Φ of the armature winding (armature coil) disposed in the gap of the two-layer Hallbeck alignment magnetic field is the magnetic path sectional area S of each pole distance, the number of turns N of the coil is expressed as: Φ=NSB a vr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (6)
間隔中配置的電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)，極距寬填滿間隙下製作即可得到最大的匝數，平行磁化方向的面中永久磁鐵斷面積的平方根視為1，斷面正方形的情況下，正方形邊長為1，而在永久磁鐵斷面近似於正方形的情況下，近似的正方形邊長為1，S是磁場的深度1(正方形斷面直行方向的永久磁鐵長度)的比例，N是深度1與間隙長a的比例，以k為比例定數：若 N=kal．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．(7) The armature winding (armature coil) arranged in the interval can be made to have the maximum number of turns when the pole width is filled and filled, and the square root of the permanent magnet broken area in the plane of the parallel magnetization direction is regarded as 1, and the square of the section is square. In the case where the square side length is 1, and the permanent magnet section is approximately square, the approximate square side length is 1, and S is the ratio of the depth 1 of the magnetic field (the length of the permanent magnet in the straight section of the square section). N is the ratio of depth 1 to gap length a, and is determined by the ratio of k: if N = kal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7)
則 S=2l．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．(8) Then S = 2 l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (8)
將式(7)、式(8)代入式(6)磁交鏈數Φ可表示為：
一方面，如同上述，式(5)中γ=0.20，δ=0.22時，式(4’)的Bav τ就成為表示實際的磁極距間平均磁力線密度的計算式，因此，實際的磁交鏈數可以由γ=0.20，δ=0.22時的式(9)計算出，因為式中k和1為所定的定數。 On the one hand, as in the above, when γ = 0.20 and δ = 0.22 in the equation (5), the Bav τ of the equation (4') becomes a calculation formula indicating the average magnetic flux density between the actual pole pitches, and therefore, the actual magnetic cross-linkage The number can be calculated from the equation (9) when γ = 0.20 and δ = 0.22, because k and 1 in the formula are the predetermined constants.
可以使函數f(a)達到最大的間隙長a值存在的話，用該間隙長構成雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場的話，可以達到最大的磁交鏈數。 If the function f(a) reaches the maximum gap length a value, the maximum number of magnetic cross-links can be achieved by forming the double-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field with the gap length.
將函數f(a)圖形化，即為第4圖。由於存在最大值：
可由上式求出a=1.2。也就是說平行於磁化方向的永久磁場斷面積的平方根的1.2倍，斷面為正方形的情況，間隙長取邊長的1.2倍，為近似正方形的情況，取近似正方形邊長的1.2倍，可以在規定的匝數下得到最大的磁交鏈數。 From the above formula, a = 1.2 can be obtained. That is to say, 1.2 times the square root of the discontinuous area of the permanent magnetic field parallel to the magnetization direction, and the case where the cross section is square, the gap length is 1.2 times the length of the side, which is approximately square, and is approximately 1.2 times the length of the square side. The maximum number of magnetic links is obtained under the specified number of turns.
由於霍爾貝克排列磁場與電樞繞阻為相對運動的關係，為了不讓永久磁鐵與電樞繞阻接觸，實際將電樞線圈配製在磁場間隙中的時候需留有一定程度的空間，又電樞繞阻是電線繞軸且捲好的電線以模型固定行成的，因此線圈的厚度並非全部由導體填滿，若永久磁鐵的正方形斷面一邊長1公分，磁場與線圈導體間，面對磁場的面上存在約1毫米的非導電體。 Because the Holbeck alignment magnetic field and the armature winding are in relative motion, in order to prevent the permanent magnet from coming into contact with the armature winding, a certain amount of space is required when the armature coil is actually placed in the magnetic field gap. The armature winding is that the wire is wound around the shaft and the wound wire is fixed by the model. Therefore, the thickness of the coil is not completely filled by the conductor. If the square section of the permanent magnet is 1 cm long, the magnetic field and the coil conductor are between the faces. There is a non-conductor of about 1 mm on the face of the magnetic field.
在這情況下，將平行磁化方向的永久磁鐵斷面積 的平方根視為1，斷面為正方形時，正方形的邊長為1，永久磁鐵為近似於正方形時，近似正方形的邊長為1，磁場間隙中配置的電樞繞阻匝數N如同式(7)的情況。 In this case, the permanent magnet cross-sectional area of the parallel magnetization direction The square root of the square is regarded as 1. When the section is square, the side length of the square is 1. When the permanent magnet is approximately square, the side length of the approximate square is 1, and the number of armature windings N arranged in the magnetic field gap is like 7) The situation.
以 N=k(a-0.2)l ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．(11)來表示，因此，磁交鏈數最大的間隙長為：
以上式定義的函數g(a)為最大的間距長。 The function g(a) defined by the above formula is the largest pitch length.
將函數g(a)圖形化，即為第5圖。由於存在最大值：
就像這樣，雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場的間隙長為平行磁化方向的永久磁鐵斷面積的平方根的1.2~1.5倍，永久磁鐵為正方形的情況下，將間隙長設定為正方形邊長的1.2~1.5倍，在斷面是近似於正方形的情況下，將間隙長設定為近似正方形邊長的1.2~1.5倍，在電樞繞阻可得到最大的磁交鏈數。 In this case, the gap between the two-layer Hallbeck alignment magnetic field is 1.2 to 1.5 times the square root of the permanent magnet cross-sectional area in the parallel magnetization direction. When the permanent magnet is square, the gap length is set to 1.2~ of the square side length. 1.5 times, in the case where the cross section is approximately square, the gap length is set to be approximately 1.2 to 1.5 times the square side length, and the maximum number of magnetic links can be obtained in the armature winding.
為使 貴審查委員對本發明之目的、特徵及功效能夠有更進一步之瞭解與認識，以下茲請配合【圖式簡單說明】詳述如后：本發明最佳的實施例，圓筒型三相直線同步馬達，第6圖是說明本發明的最佳實施例，圓筒型三相直線同步馬達100的概略斜視圖。第7圖是第6圖的A-A斷面。第8圖是第6圖的B-B斷面。第9圖是第6圖的C-C斷面。 In order to enable the reviewing committee to have a better understanding and understanding of the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the following is a detailed description of the following: a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cylindrical three-phase A linear synchronous motor, Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a cylindrical three-phase linear synchronous motor 100 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a section A-A of Figure 6. Figure 8 is a B-B section of Figure 6. Figure 9 is a C-C section of Figure 6.
圓筒型三相直線同步馬達100是由圓筒狀的一定子105、與該固定子105軸向可動且具備缺口的圓筒狀一可動子107及與該可動子107由一外部電源108供給電力的一驅動裝置109所製備。 The cylindrical three-phase linear synchronous motor 100 is a cylindrical stator 105, a cylindrical movable member 107 that is axially movable with the stator 105 and has a notch, and the movable member 107 is supplied from an external power source 108. A drive unit 109 for electric power is prepared.
該定子105是由環狀的一永久磁鐵112的磁極在包含中心軸的斷面上，90度逐次旋轉鄰接構成的外側的一第一永久磁鐵陣列111，和環狀的一永久磁鐵116的磁極在包含中心軸的斷面上，90度逐次旋轉鄰接構成的內側的一第二永久磁鐵陣列115，和在內側面的內側，用第一永久磁鐵陣列111固定的第一圓環狀固定構件，外側管113，和在外側面的內側，用第二永久磁鐵陣列115固定的第二圓環狀固定構件，內側管117，和為了不干涉可動子107，固定有缺口的外側管113與內側管117的固定板123所製備。 The stator 105 is a first permanent magnet array 111 having a magnetic pole of a ring-shaped permanent magnet 112 on a cross section including a central axis, 90 degrees of adjacent rotation, and a magnetic pole of a ring-shaped permanent magnet 116. On the section including the central axis, a second permanent magnet array 115 which is adjacent to the inner side of the inner side is rotated 90 degrees, and a first annular fixed member fixed by the first permanent magnet array 111 on the inner side of the inner side surface, The outer tube 113, and the inner side of the outer side surface, the second annular fixing member fixed by the second permanent magnet array 115, the inner tube 117, and the outer tube 113 and the inner tube 117 to which the notch is fixed so as not to interfere with the movable member 107 The fixing plate 123 is prepared.
並且，該固定子105是由外側管113的外側上部及下部用導桿支撐構件211、213將一導桿121附上，導桿121表面上將導桿支撐構件211側面端點到導桿支撐構件之間的範圍分為上下兩段固定上電極203、205、207、209，各電極引出的導線141綑綁在一起經由導桿支撐構件211上設置的導出路143導入驅動裝置109。 Further, the stator 105 is attached with a guide rod 121 by the outer upper and lower outer guide tubes 211, 213 of the outer tube 113. The guide rod 121 surface supports the side end of the guide rod support member 211 to the guide rod. The range between the members is divided into upper and lower stages to fix the upper electrodes 203, 205, 207, and 209, and the lead wires 141 drawn from the respective electrodes are bundled and introduced into the driving device 109 via the lead-out path 143 provided on the guide bar supporting member 211.
該可動子107是由三相線圈131卷裝出來的線圈環133和線圈環133兩端固定的缺口部分配有的出力環137和出力環137的缺口部分固定的缺口固定板139和將附在出力環137端點部分的線圈環133沿著導桿121進入的直線軸承135所製備。直線軸承135具備導桿121表面所設置的電極203、205、207、209各自接觸的滑動電極201、單邊端點由三相線圈131接觸的導線141穿過出力環137及直線軸承135上設置的導出路143連接滑動電極201。因此，三相線圈131是穿過固定子105側邊各電極203、205、207、209與驅動裝置109電力上連接。在這裡，各電極203、205、207、209分別流向與驅動裝置109產生的三相交流電壓相對的三相交流電 流U相、V相、W相、中性點電流，隨著三相線圈131勵磁產生的推力讓可動子107軸向移動。 The movable member 107 is a coil ring 133 which is wound by the three-phase coil 131, and a notch fixing plate 137 which is provided with a notch portion fixed at both ends of the coil ring 133, and a notch fixing plate 139 fixed to the notch portion of the output ring 137, and will be attached thereto. The coil ring 133 of the end portion of the output ring 137 is prepared along the linear bearing 135 into which the guide rod 121 enters. The linear bearing 135 includes a sliding electrode 201 in which the electrodes 203, 205, 207, and 209 provided on the surface of the guide rod 121 are in contact with each other, and a wire 141 whose one end is in contact with the three-phase coil 131 passes through the output ring 137 and the linear bearing 135. The lead-out path 143 is connected to the sliding electrode 201. Therefore, the three-phase coil 131 is electrically connected to the driving device 109 through the electrodes 203, 205, 207, and 209 on the side of the stator 105. Here, each of the electrodes 203, 205, 207, 209 flows to a three-phase alternating current opposite to the three-phase alternating voltage generated by the driving device 109, respectively. The U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, and neutral currents are caused to flow, and the movable arm 107 is axially moved in accordance with the thrust generated by the excitation of the three-phase coil 131.
外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111的永久磁鐵112數量與內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115的永久磁鐵116數量相同，在同一個半徑上配置的外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111的永久磁鐵112內徑方向磁化的永久磁鐵112的磁極方向與內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115內徑方向磁化的永久磁鐵116的磁極方向相同。在同一個半徑上配置的第一永久磁鐵陣列111的永久磁鐵112內軸方向磁化的永久磁鐵112磁化方向與第二永久磁鐵陣列115的永久磁鐵116內軸方向磁化的永久磁鐵116相反。 The number of permanent magnets 112 of the outer first permanent magnet array 111 is the same as the number of permanent magnets 116 of the inner second permanent magnet array 115, and the inner diameter of the permanent magnet 112 of the outer first permanent magnet array 111 disposed on the same radius The direction of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 112 that is magnetized in the direction is the same as the direction of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 116 that is magnetized in the inner diameter direction of the inner second permanent magnet array 115. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 112 magnetized in the axial direction of the permanent magnet 112 of the first permanent magnet array 111 disposed on the same radius is opposite to that of the permanent magnet 116 magnetized in the axial direction of the permanent magnet 116 of the second permanent magnet array 115.
由於第一永久磁鐵陣列111是由永久磁鐵112的磁極邊沿軸方向90度逐次旋轉邊排列而成的，排列的一側(本實施例為外側)的磁場減弱，另一側(本實施例為內側，第二永久磁鐵陣列115側)則是與減弱比例成正比的增強，能在第一永久磁鐵陣列111的單側(本實施例為內側)發生強烈的磁場。又因為第二永久磁鐵陣列115是由永久磁鐵116的磁極邊沿軸方向90度逐次旋轉邊排列而成的，排列的一側(本實施例為內側)的磁場減弱，另一側(本實施例為外側，第一永久磁鐵陣列111側)則是與減弱比例成正比的增強，能在第二永久磁鐵陣列115的單側(本實施例為外側)發生強烈的磁場。 Since the first permanent magnet array 111 is formed by sequentially rotating the magnetic pole sides of the permanent magnets 112 in the axial direction by 90 degrees, the magnetic field of one side of the array (the outer side of the present embodiment) is weakened, and the other side (this embodiment is The inner side, the second permanent magnet array 115 side) is an increase proportional to the weakening ratio, and a strong magnetic field can be generated on one side of the first permanent magnet array 111 (inside in this embodiment). Further, since the second permanent magnet array 115 is formed by sequentially rotating the magnetic pole sides of the permanent magnets 116 in the axial direction by 90 degrees, the magnetic field of one side of the array (the inner side of the present embodiment) is weakened, and the other side (this embodiment) The outer side, the first permanent magnet array 111 side) is an enhancement proportional to the attenuation ratio, and a strong magnetic field can be generated on one side of the second permanent magnet array 115 (outside in this embodiment).
由於外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111和內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115是如[0071]排列，外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111和內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115之間的空間之磁場變強，一方面外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111的外側與內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115的內側，幾乎不會產生磁漏。而第一永久磁鐵陣列111和第二永久磁鐵陣列115之間的空隙中分布極多徑向的磁力線。分布極多徑向的磁力線的空隙中配置有三相線圈131，由於磁力線大多與三相線圈131垂直相交，從驅動裝置109提供的電力更有效率的轉換成推力。由於配置三 相線圈131的領域之磁場變強，三相線圈131不需要使用鐵芯就能強烈勵磁，並可以產生強大的推力使可動子107軸向移動。所以，由於沒有使用鐵芯，就沒有齒槽並能縮小體積。 Since the outer first permanent magnet array 111 and the inner second permanent magnet array 115 are arranged as in [0071], the magnetic field between the outer first permanent magnet array 111 and the inner second permanent magnet array 115 becomes strong. On the one hand, the outer side of the outer first permanent magnet array 111 and the inner side of the inner second permanent magnet array 115 hardly generate magnetic leakage. And a plurality of radial magnetic lines of force are distributed in the gap between the first permanent magnet array 111 and the second permanent magnet array 115. A three-phase coil 131 is disposed in a gap in which a plurality of radial magnetic lines of force are distributed. Since the magnetic lines of force mostly intersect perpendicularly with the three-phase coil 131, the power supplied from the driving device 109 is more efficiently converted into thrust. Due to configuration three The magnetic field in the field of the phase coil 131 becomes strong, and the three-phase coil 131 can be strongly excited without using the iron core, and can generate a strong thrust to move the movable member 107 axially. Therefore, since the core is not used, there is no cogging and the volume can be reduced.
外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111是由徑方向與厚度方向磁化的斷面為正方形的環狀永久磁鐵112堆疊構成的。又內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115是由徑方向與厚度方向磁化的斷面為正方形的環狀永久磁鐵116堆疊構成的。外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111所構成的外側圓筒磁場和內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115所構成的內側圓筒磁場構成雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場。外側圓筒磁場與內側圓筒磁場各自的圓筒磁場中心軸互相重疊。外側圓筒磁場的內面和內側圓筒磁場的表面之距離為霍爾貝克排列磁場的間距長，這個間距長設定為平行環狀永久磁鐵112、116磁化方向的面裡之正方形斷面面積的平方根(相當於永久磁鐵112、116之正方形斷面的單邊長)的1.2倍。本實施例為以各個電樞繞阻131所定的厚度、永久磁鐵112、116的正方形斷面邊長約1.3倍的寬度(4/3倍)的絕緣塗層銅帶環狀卷裝構成。這樣構成的尺寸精度和占空系數較高，就算磁場間距長幾乎填滿導體而構成的該磁場與電樞線圈也不會接觸，因此，以上述(10)式為基礎能最大化電樞線圈131的磁交鏈數，每1A的軸推力增加。 The outer first permanent magnet array 111 is formed by stacking annular permanent magnets 112 having a square cross section magnetized in the radial direction and the thickness direction. The second permanent magnet array 115 on the inner side is formed by stacking annular permanent magnets 116 having a square cross section magnetized in the radial direction and the thickness direction. The outer cylindrical magnetic field formed by the outer first permanent magnet array 111 and the inner cylindrical magnetic field formed by the inner second permanent magnet array 115 constitute a two-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field. The outer cylindrical magnetic field and the inner cylindrical magnetic field respectively overlap the central axis of the cylindrical magnetic field. The distance between the inner surface of the outer cylindrical magnetic field and the surface of the inner cylindrical magnetic field is such that the distance between the Holbeck alignment magnetic fields is long, and the pitch is set to be a square cross-sectional area in the plane of the magnetization direction of the parallel annular permanent magnets 112, 116. The square root (corresponding to the one-side length of the square cross section of the permanent magnets 112 and 116) is 1.2 times. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the armature winding 131 and the width (4/3 times) of the width of the square cross section of the permanent magnets 112 and 116 are approximately 1.3 times (4/3 times). The dimensional accuracy and the space factor thus constituted are high, and the magnetic field formed by the magnetic field pitch is almost filled with the conductor and the armature coil is not in contact with each other. Therefore, the armature coil can be maximized based on the above formula (10). The number of magnetic cross links of 131 increases the axial thrust per 1 A.
上述的實施，由於三相線圈131配置在分布極多徑向磁力線的空隙中，磁力線大多與三相線圈131垂直相交，少量電流產生強大的推力，外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111是由永久磁鐵112的磁極沿軸方向90度逐次旋轉排列而成，外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111的外側磁場減弱，內側則依減弱的比例增強，在外側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111的內側產生強烈的磁場，又內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115是由永久磁鐵116的磁極沿軸方向90度逐次旋轉排列而成，內側的第二永久磁鐵陣列115的內側磁場減弱，外側則依減弱的比例增強，在內側的第一永久磁鐵陣列111的外側產生強烈的磁場，但是 不一定要90度逐次旋轉，例如45度逐次旋轉也可以，沿軸方向逐次旋轉2 π的整數等分，軸方向排列複數的第一永久磁鐵，則第一永久磁鐵陣列內側的磁場會因疊加性效果增強，外側的磁場因抵消性效果而減弱，沿圓周方向與第一永久磁鐵的相反方向旋轉，圓周方向排列複數的第二永久磁鐵，配置於第一永久磁鐵陣列的內側，第二永久磁鐵陣列外側的磁場會因疊加性效果增強，內側的磁場因抵消性效果而減弱也可以。 In the above implementation, since the three-phase coil 131 is disposed in a gap in which a plurality of radial magnetic lines of force are distributed, the magnetic lines of force mostly intersect perpendicularly with the three-phase coil 131, and a small amount of current generates a strong thrust, and the outer first permanent magnet array 111 is composed of a permanent magnet. The magnetic poles of 112 are sequentially rotated by 90 degrees in the axial direction, the outer magnetic field of the outer first permanent magnet array 111 is weakened, and the inner side is increased by the weakening ratio, and a strong magnetic field is generated inside the outer first permanent magnet array 111. The second permanent magnet array 115 on the inner side is formed by sequentially rotating the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 116 in the axial direction by 90 degrees, and the inner magnetic field of the inner second permanent magnet array 115 is weakened, and the outer side is increased in proportion to the weakening. The outer side of the inner first permanent magnet array 111 generates a strong magnetic field, but It is not necessary to rotate 90 degrees one by one. For example, 45 degrees of sequential rotation is also possible. The integer aliquot of 2 π is sequentially rotated in the axial direction, and the plurality of first permanent magnets are arranged in the axial direction, and the magnetic field inside the first permanent magnet array is superimposed. The sexual effect is enhanced, the outer magnetic field is weakened by the canceling effect, and rotates in the opposite direction to the first permanent magnet in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of second permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction are disposed on the inner side of the first permanent magnet array, and the second permanent The magnetic field outside the magnet array is enhanced by the additive effect, and the inner magnetic field is weakened by the canceling effect.
本發明另一實施例是三相同步發電機。第10圖是說明本發明的另一實施例，三相同步馬達200的概略斜視圖。第11圖(A)是平行磁化方向的斷面中的三相同步馬達200的概略斷面圖。第11圖(B)是電樞繞阻(電樞線圈)的配線示意圖。 Another embodiment of the invention is a three phase synchronous generator. Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a three-phase synchronous motor 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11(A) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the three-phase synchronous motor 200 in the cross section in the parallel magnetization direction. Fig. 11(B) is a wiring diagram of the armature winding (armature coil).
本實施例的發電機200，是由轉子250與定子260所製備。在轉子250上安裝軸240，並旋轉軸240的話，即可構成發電機。轉子250是由永久磁鐵排列210、220所製備。定子260是由線圈排列230所製備。永久磁鐵排列210、220各自以環狀構成，線圈排列230也以環狀構成。永久磁鐵排列210、220以及線圈排列230為同心圓狀配置。永久磁鐵排列220設置在永久磁鐵排列210的內側。 The generator 200 of the present embodiment is prepared by the rotor 250 and the stator 260. When the shaft 240 is mounted on the rotor 250 and the shaft 240 is rotated, the generator can be constructed. The rotor 250 is prepared from permanent magnet arrays 210, 220. Stator 260 is fabricated from coil arrangement 230. The permanent magnet arrays 210 and 220 are each formed in a ring shape, and the coil array 230 is also formed in a ring shape. The permanent magnet arrays 210, 220 and the coil array 230 are arranged concentrically. The permanent magnet array 220 is disposed inside the permanent magnet array 210.
永久磁鐵排列210、220分別是由永久磁鐵211、221的磁極90度逐次旋轉的霍爾貝克排列所構成。 The permanent magnet arrays 210 and 220 are respectively formed by Holbeck array in which the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 211 and 221 are rotated 90 degrees.
永久磁鐵排列210的永久磁鐵211與永久磁鐵排列220的永久磁鐵221數量相同，在同一個半徑上配置的永久磁鐵排列210的永久磁鐵211內徑方向磁化的永久磁鐵221的磁極方向與永久磁鐵排列220內徑方向磁化的永久磁鐵221的磁極方向相同。在同一個半徑上配置的永久磁鐵排列210的永久磁鐵211內圓周方向磁化的永久磁鐵211磁化方向與永久磁鐵排列220的永久磁鐵221內圓周方向磁化的永久磁鐵221相反。 The number of the permanent magnets 211 of the permanent magnet array 210 and the number of the permanent magnets 221 of the permanent magnet array 220 are the same, and the magnetic pole directions and permanent magnets of the permanent magnets 221 magnetized in the inner diameter direction of the permanent magnets 211 of the permanent magnet array 210 disposed on the same radius are arranged in the same direction. The permanent magnets 221 magnetized in the inner diameter direction of the 220 have the same magnetic pole direction. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 211 magnetized in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 211 of the permanent magnet array 210 disposed on the same radius is opposite to the permanent magnet 221 magnetized in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 221 of the permanent magnet array 220.
由於永久磁鐵排列210是由永久磁鐵211的磁極邊沿圓周方向90度逐次旋轉邊排列而成的，永久磁鐵排列210的一側(本實施例為外側)的磁場減弱，另一側(本實施例為內側)則是與減弱比例成正比的增強，能在永久磁鐵211所排列的永久磁鐵排列210的單側(本實施例為內側)發生強烈的磁場。又因為永久磁鐵排列220是由永久磁鐵221的磁極邊沿圓周方向90度逐次旋轉邊排列而成的，排列的一側(本實施例為內側)的磁場減弱，另一側(本實施例為外側)則是與減弱比例成正比的增強，能在永久磁鐵221所排列的永久磁鐵排列220的單側(本實施例為外側)發生強烈的磁場。 Since the permanent magnet array 210 is formed by sequentially rotating the magnetic pole sides of the permanent magnet 211 in the circumferential direction by 90 degrees, the magnetic field of one side of the permanent magnet array 210 (the outer side in this embodiment) is weakened, and the other side (this embodiment) The inner side is an increase proportional to the weakening ratio, and a strong magnetic field can be generated on one side (the inner side in the present embodiment) of the permanent magnet array 210 in which the permanent magnets 211 are arranged. Further, since the permanent magnet array 220 is formed by sequentially rotating the magnetic pole sides of the permanent magnet 221 in the circumferential direction by 90 degrees, the magnetic field of one side of the array (the inner side in this embodiment) is weakened, and the other side (this embodiment is the outer side). The increase is proportional to the weakening ratio, and a strong magnetic field can be generated on one side (the outer side in this embodiment) of the permanent magnet array 220 in which the permanent magnets 221 are arranged.
由於永久磁鐵排列210和永久磁鐵排列220是如[0079]排列，永久磁鐵排列210和永久磁鐵排列220之間的空間之磁場變強，一方面永久磁鐵排列210的外側與永久磁鐵排列220的內側，幾乎不會產生磁漏。而永久磁鐵排列210和永久磁鐵排列220之間配置有線圈排列230，可以產生高電壓。如此排列下，由於線圈排列230配置的領域磁場增強，線圈排列230構成的電樞繞阻231就算不使用鐵芯，也能產生高電壓。所以，由於沒有使用鐵芯，就沒有齒槽又能縮小體積。而如第11圖(B)所示，線圈排列230是由複數的電樞繞阻照U相-V相-W相之順序纏繞而成，產生三相交流。 Since the permanent magnet array 210 and the permanent magnet array 220 are arranged as in [0079], the magnetic field in the space between the permanent magnet array 210 and the permanent magnet array 220 becomes strong, on the one hand, the outer side of the permanent magnet array 210 and the inner side of the permanent magnet array 220. There is almost no magnetic leakage. A coil arrangement 230 is disposed between the permanent magnet array 210 and the permanent magnet array 220 to generate a high voltage. In this arrangement, since the field magnetic field in which the coil array 230 is disposed is enhanced, the armature winding 231 constituted by the coil array 230 can generate a high voltage even without using a core. Therefore, since the core is not used, there is no cogging and the volume can be reduced. As shown in Fig. 11(B), the coil arrangement 230 is formed by winding a plurality of armature windings in the order of the U-phase-V phase-W phase to generate a three-phase alternating current.
本實施例，轉軸240周為由永久磁鐵211、221依霍爾貝克排列構成，由內外兩組的磁鐵列201、220構成雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場。各個永久磁鐵211、221的徑向(與磁化方向平行的斷面)斷面積約略相等，構成外側磁鐵列210的永久磁鐵211內面與構成內側磁鐵列220的永久磁鐵221外面互相面對。各個構成外側磁鐵列210的永久磁鐵211以及構成內側磁鐵列220的永久磁鐵221的徑向斷面皆為梯形，各取64個構成雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場。電樞繞阻231配置在雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場中，但是外側磁鐵列210與內側磁鐵列220都是64邊形，相鄰的永久磁鐵211、221的間隙面存在連接角 度。本實施例的三相同步發電機200，電樞繞阻231的徑向斷面外形為長方形，這個幅度就是從轉軸中心到永久磁鐵211、221兩者的估計角度，又電樞繞阻231是由絕緣塗層圓銅線纏繞法蘭軸承而構成的。構成外側磁鐵210的永久磁鐵211的內面與構成內側磁鐵220的永久磁鐵221的外面之距離成為霍爾貝克排列的間隙長。此間隙長、考慮到連接角、軸承凸緣的厚度、永久磁鐵211、221與軸承凸緣的間隙，設定為永久磁鐵211、221平行磁化方向的梯形斷面積平方根(相當於永久磁鐵211、221近似於正方形時，正方形的邊長)的1.5倍。也就是說，將磁場間隔長設定為面對面的永久磁鐵211、221之對向面包圍的磁場間隙的梯形徑向斷面積的1.5倍。為了使本實施例的磁場呈64邊形，上述的連接角度約為174度，永久磁鐵211、221的徑向斷面約略可視為正方形，因此以式(12)為基礎，本實施例中的同步發電機，電樞繞阻可達到最大的磁交鏈數，在所定的額定迴轉數可以增大發電電壓。 In the present embodiment, the rotation shaft 240 is formed by the arrangement of the permanent magnets 211 and 221 by Holbeck, and the two rows of magnet arrays 201 and 220 constitute a double-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field. The radial direction (the cross section parallel to the magnetization direction) of each of the permanent magnets 211 and 221 is approximately equal, and the inner surface of the permanent magnet 211 constituting the outer magnet array 210 and the outer surface of the permanent magnet 221 constituting the inner magnet array 220 face each other. Each of the permanent magnet 211 constituting the outer magnet array 210 and the permanent magnet 221 constituting the inner magnet array 220 has a trapezoidal radial cross section, and each of 64 sets a double-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field. The armature winding 231 is disposed in the double-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field, but the outer magnet array 210 and the inner magnet array 220 are both 64-sided, and the gap faces of the adjacent permanent magnets 211 and 221 have a connection angle. degree. In the three-phase synchronous generator 200 of the embodiment, the radial cross-sectional shape of the armature winding 231 is a rectangle, and the amplitude is an estimated angle from the center of the rotating shaft to the permanent magnets 211 and 221, and the armature winding 231 is It is composed of an insulated coated round copper wire wound around a flange bearing. The distance between the inner surface of the permanent magnet 211 constituting the outer magnet 210 and the outer surface of the permanent magnet 221 constituting the inner magnet 220 becomes a gap length of the Holbeck array. The gap is long, and considering the connection angle, the thickness of the bearing flange, and the gap between the permanent magnets 211 and 221 and the bearing flange, the square root of the trapezoidal sectional area of the parallel magnetization directions of the permanent magnets 211 and 221 is set (corresponding to the permanent magnets 211 and 221). When approximate to a square, the side length of the square is 1.5 times. That is, the magnetic field spacing length is set to 1.5 times the trapezoidal radial sectional area of the magnetic field gap surrounded by the opposing faces of the facing permanent magnets 211, 221. In order to make the magnetic field of the present embodiment have a 64-sided shape, the above-mentioned connection angle is about 174 degrees, and the radial cross-sections of the permanent magnets 211 and 221 are approximately square, which is based on the formula (12), in this embodiment. Synchronous generator, armature winding can reach the maximum number of magnetic links, and the generated voltage can be increased at the rated number of revolutions.
上述的實施例，發電機200的永久磁鐵排列210是由永久磁鐵211的磁極邊沿圓周方向約90度逐次旋轉邊排列而成，排列外側磁場減弱，內側則等比例增強。在永久磁鐵211所排列的210內側產生強烈的磁場，永久磁鐵排列220是由永久磁鐵221的磁極邊沿圓周方向約90度逐次旋轉邊排列而成，排列內側磁場減弱，外側則等比例增強。在永久磁鐵221所排列的220外側產生強烈的磁場，但是不一定要90度逐次旋轉，例如45度逐次旋轉也可以，沿圓周方向逐次旋轉2 π的整數等分，圓周方向排列複數的第一永久磁鐵，則第一永久磁鐵陣列內側的磁場會因疊加性效果增強，外側的磁場因抵消性效果而減弱，沿圓周方向與第一永久磁鐵的相反方向旋轉，圓周方向排列複數的第二永久磁鐵，配置於第一永久磁鐵陣列的內側，第二永久磁鐵陣列外側的磁場會因疊加性效果增強，內側的磁場因抵消性效果而減弱也可以。 In the above embodiment, the permanent magnet array 210 of the generator 200 is formed by sequentially rotating the magnetic pole sides of the permanent magnet 211 in the circumferential direction by about 90 degrees, and the outer magnetic field of the array is weakened, and the inner side is increased in proportion. A strong magnetic field is generated inside the 210 of the permanent magnets 211. The permanent magnet array 220 is formed by sequentially rotating the magnetic pole sides of the permanent magnets 221 in the circumferential direction by about 90 degrees, and the inner magnetic field is weakened, and the outer side is increased in proportion. A strong magnetic field is generated outside the 220 of the permanent magnets 221, but it is not necessarily rotated 90 degrees, for example, 45 degrees of sequential rotation, and an integer division of 2 π is sequentially rotated in the circumferential direction, and the first of the plural is arranged in the circumferential direction. In the permanent magnet, the magnetic field inside the first permanent magnet array is enhanced by the additive effect, and the outer magnetic field is weakened by the canceling effect, rotating in the opposite direction to the first permanent magnet in the circumferential direction, and the second permanent in the circumferential direction The magnet is disposed inside the first permanent magnet array, and the magnetic field outside the second permanent magnet array is enhanced by the additive effect, and the inner magnetic field is weakened by the canceling effect.
如同以上說明，雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場的間隙長 為平行磁化方向的永久磁鐵斷面積平方根的1.2~1.5倍，永久磁鐵為正方形的情況下，設定為正方形邊長的1.2~1.5倍，永久磁鐵為近似正方形的情況，則設定為近似正方形邊長的1.2~1.5倍，根據上述情況，電樞繞阻可得到大的磁交鏈數。因此，發電機的情況，用最小的磁鐵量達到最大的電壓，又馬達在最小的磁鐵量達到最大的扭矩，又因為雙層霍爾貝克排列磁場的永久磁鐵量能達到最小化，可達到低消耗以及省資源化的貢獻。 As explained above, the double-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field has a long gap It is 1.2 to 1.5 times the square root of the permanent magnet in the parallel magnetization direction. When the permanent magnet is square, it is set to 1.2 to 1.5 times the square length of the square. When the permanent magnet is approximately square, it is set to be approximately square. 1.2 to 1.5 times, according to the above situation, the armature winding can obtain a large number of magnetic links. Therefore, in the case of a generator, the maximum amount of magnet is used to reach the maximum voltage, and the motor reaches the maximum torque at the minimum amount of magnets, and the amount of permanent magnets in the double-layer Holbeck alignment magnetic field can be minimized, which can be achieved. Consumption and contribution to resource saving.
以上說明了本發明各種典型的實施例，但是本發明不限於這些型態。因此，本發明的專利範圍為根據下次申請的範圍而限定的東西。 The various exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described above, but the invention is not limited to these types. Therefore, the patent scope of the present invention is defined in accordance with the scope of the next application.
由上述得知本發明確實符合「具有產業可利用性」、「新穎性」、「進步性」，爰依法提出發明專利申請，祈請惠予審查並早日賜准專利，實感德便。 From the above, it is known that the present invention truly conforms to "industrial availability," "novelty," and "progressiveness", and submits an invention patent application in accordance with the law, praying for review and early granting of a patent, and it is truly sensible.
100‧‧‧圓筒型三相直線同步馬達 100‧‧‧Cylinder three-phase linear synchronous motor
105‧‧‧固定子 105‧‧‧Fixator
107‧‧‧可動子 107‧‧‧ movable
111‧‧‧第一永久磁鐵陣列 111‧‧‧First permanent magnet array
112‧‧‧永久磁鐵 112‧‧‧ permanent magnet
113‧‧‧外側管 113‧‧‧Outer tube
115‧‧‧第二永久磁鐵陣列 115‧‧‧Second permanent magnet array
116‧‧‧永久磁鐵 116‧‧‧ permanent magnet
117‧‧‧內側管 117‧‧‧ inside tube
123‧‧‧固定板 123‧‧‧Fixed plate
131‧‧‧三相線圈 131‧‧‧Three-phase coil
133‧‧‧線圈環 133‧‧‧ coil ring
137‧‧‧出力環 137‧‧‧Output ring
139‧‧‧缺口固定板 139‧‧‧notched fixing plate
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| JP2012083282A JP2013215021A (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | Electromagnetic induction device |
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| TW201347359A true TW201347359A (en) | 2013-11-16 |
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| TW102111375A TW201347359A (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-29 | Electromagnetic induction device |
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| JP (1) | JP2013215021A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103368284A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201347359A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013143490A1 (en) |
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| JP6415029B2 (en) * | 2013-07-27 | 2018-10-31 | 株式会社アテック | Electromagnetic induction device |
| CN104578635B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2017-04-12 | 浙江大学 | Asymmetric double-stator cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor |
| JP5870326B1 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2016-02-24 | サンテスト株式会社 | Voice coil motor and direct acting servo valve using the voice coil motor |
| WO2016152979A1 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | 日東電工株式会社 | Sintered body for forming rare-earth magnet, and rare-earth sintered magnet |
| EP3276645B1 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2022-05-04 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method for producing sintered body that forms rare-earth permanent magnet and has non-parallel easy magnetization axis orientation |
| KR101702026B1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-02-02 | 재단법인 중소조선연구원 | magnetic flux concentration type linear generator comprising composite material |
| CN104953784A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-30 | 金陵科技学院 | Double-rotor type low-speed cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator |
| JP2018064371A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-19 | 株式会社アテック | Dual Halbach array field |
| CN106374718B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-06-18 | 华中科技大学 | Concentrated magnetic replaces pole vernier magneto and its application |
| KR102020232B1 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-09-10 | 세메스 주식회사 | Tower lift |
| JP7020258B2 (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2022-02-16 | 村田機械株式会社 | Position detection system and driving system |
| WO2019202765A1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-24 | Ｋｙｂ株式会社 | Cylindrical linear motor |
| JP2019187226A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-24 | Ｋｙｂ株式会社 | Cylindrical linear motor |
| JP2022182315A (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Method of manufacturing halbach magnet array |
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