201233811 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種轉爐煉鋼方法，特別是指一種轉 爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法。 【先前技術】 現有轉爐煉鋼方法是將高爐產製出的高矽鐵水送入轉 爐中，並藉由吹氧、造渣的方式將該鐵水中的雜質析出， 然而在吹氧時，氧氣灌入鐵水中會造成鐵水翻騰而溢出轉 爐外。 有業者為了改善上述缺點，而提出如圖丨所示的另— 種現有轉爐煉鋼方法1，包含一預處理步驟n，以及一煉鋼 步驟12❶在該預處理步驟Η中是先將由高爐產製出的鐵水 進行降矽處理，接著再將降矽後體積已減少的鐵水送入轉 爐内進行煉鋼步驟12。然而，預處理步驟u會造成由高爐 產出的咼溫鐵水溫度降低，因此該鐵水在送入轉爐之後要 重新升溫而會造成能量的損耗。 所以，如何改善以上所述的缺點’一直是本技術領域 者持續努力的重要目標。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種能避免爐渣溢出 轉爐外的轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法。 於是’本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法自今— ώ 初成逢 步驟、一預排渣步驟，以及一次成渣步驟。 該初成潰步驟是將一氣體與一造造劑送入一農盛有 201233811 鐵水的轉爐内，使該鐵水巾的雜f與該氣n査劑反應 而形成一浮於該鐵水表面的爐渣，並調整使該爐造的鹽基 度為1.0至1.4，該鐵水的溫度為135(rc至145(rc。 該預排渣步驟是將該初成渣步驟所形成的部分爐渣排 出該轉爐外。 該次成渣步驟是以高於該初成渣步驟的流量將該氣體 送入該預排渣步驟之後的鐵水中。 本發明的功效在於：本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法 是藉由低鹽基度的造潰方式配合適#的溫度以使爐渣維持 良好流動性，以避免產生浮溢現象，該預排渣步驟進一步 將該初成渣步驟所形成的部分爐渣排出該轉爐外，藉此減 少該轉爐内的爐渣體積，因此在該次成渣步驟中就能將高 流量的氣體送入該鐵水中而能避免浮於該鐵水表面的爐渣 溢出該轉爐外。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之一個較佳實施例的詳細說明中將可 清楚的呈現。 參閱圖2與圖3，為本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法的 較佳實施例，包含一初成渣步驟2、一預排渣步驟3 ,以及 一次成潰步驟4。 s玄初成/查步驟2是將一氣體24與一造渣劑25送入一 裝盛有一鐵水22的轉爐21内，使該鐵水22中的雜質與該 氣體24、造渣劑25反應而形成一浮於該鐵水22表面的爐 201233811 》查2 3。在本較佳會 彳中’該氣體24 &氧氣（〇2);該造 渣劑25為石灰^ 乳化舞CaO);而該鐵水22則是由高爐產 氣出的南鐵永^ 9 , 一 ，特別說明的是’本較佳實施例所謂的 咼石夕鐵水22是指；i 疋才日夕含量大於1.0%的鐵水22。 、寺別說月的疋，—般而言該鐵水22所含的主要雜質通 ^ 炭（C )石夕（Sl )、猛（Mn )、4 ( p )、硫（s )等，通 人乳¢1主要是為了使雜f氧化’而該石灰則能與氧化石夕（ 、2 )反應並形成爐渣23。因此’在本較佳實施例中，該 初成左步冑2主要的目的是用以脫石夕，因此這個階段也可 、，稱為脫石夕期’會形成含石夕量較高的爐;查Μ。另外，在本 ':貫施例中，是以頂吹法送人氧氣，並以底吹法送入惰 陡氣體，底吹法所送入的惰性氣體能協助攪拌該鐵水Μ以 利氧氣均勻地與該鐵水22内的雜質反應。 該預排渣步驟3是將該初成渣步驟2所形成的部分爐 渣23排出該轉爐21外。在本較佳實施例中，以整體爐渣 23的重量百分比為100wt%計，是將3〇wt%至的爐渣 23排出該轉爐21外。實際作業時，是由該轉爐21頂部開 口將浮於該鐵水22表面的爐渣23倒出，因此不易將全部 的爐渣23排出，而排出30wt%至5〇wt%的爐渣23能顯著 地減少後續的浮溢現象。 該次成渣步驟4是以高於該初成渣步驟2的流量將今 氣體24送入該預排渣步驟3之後的鐵水22中。特別說明 的是，在本較佳實施例中’該次成渣步驟4主要的目的是 用以脫碳以及其他雜質，因此這個階段也可以稱為脫碳期 201233811 ，會形成含碳量較高的爐渣23。 參閱表1，為本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法的實驗例 與比較例。 m 〇 相匕 00 v〇 00 VO 00 ON 卜 00 VO <N OS Ό r*» o U") 00 VO 〇s ON jq v〇 vr> yr·) 04 o 〇 (N v〇 (N V-) Ο m 〇\ o o 二 00 O m 5； ro o ro s 呀 r〇 jrj o 卜 ir> (N ίΝ v〇 m ό so 额 S o o s g g ΓΛ <N g (N g (N 摩—5 ΓΛ »n m o CN in (N v〇 rj 对 (N ΦΊ y^~\ Ηψ W5 w v〇 卜 o \〇 00 00 od I> CO (N m ㈣G 银相c <N JO m o m On m | 二 m 卜 CN cn cn 银^ O v〇 ΓΛ «〇 卜 (N V£> Os S g Os Os 〇 φΊ广^ 琢竽 o o o o in (N (N •Ο o ΦΊ 银- o 卜 CN s fN S <N o 卜 CN 〇 〇 (N 寸 (N m (N o «ο (N ♦c螽荃 玉磁军一 由表1可知，該初成渣步驟2中，該爐渣23的鹽基度 在1.0至1.4之間較佳，因為當鹽基度大於1.4時，浮溢的 201233811 情況會較為明顯，而鹽基度小於hG時，會有餘量過少的 情況而影響煉鋼效率。在本較佳實_中，該鐵水22的溫 度為⑴吖至1450t，因為當溫度高於⑷吖時較容易 產生洋溢現象。综上所述’同日寺符合鹽基度介於（〇至ι 4 與鐵水22溫度介力⑴代至14机兩個條件時能夠最 有效地抑制浮溢現象，超出上述鹽基度與溫度範圍時，浮 溢現象會較為明顯。 較佳地，在該初成渣步驟2中，氧氣流量為 25000〜35〇〇〇Nm3/hr ’惰性氣體流量為在 該次成渣步驟4中，氧氣流量為45〇〇〇〜6〇〇〇〇Nm3/hr，惰性 氣體流量為300〜2000Nm3/hr。當然，該次成渣步驟4的頂 吹氧氣流量大於該初成渣㈣2的頂吹氧氣流量，而該次 成渣步驟4的底吹惰性氣體流量則小於該初成渣步驟2的 底°人惰性氣體流量也可以達成相同的目的。 特別說明的是，當然在該次成渣步驟4之後還會再 將該爐渣23與鐵水22分離’然而在該次成潰步驟*二後 的後續作業方式與現有技術相同，此為本技術領域中具有 通常知識者所熟知，因此不予贅述。 另外，本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法除了能用於一 =轉爐煉鋼製程，以得到具有良好流動性的爐;查&進而 旎避免產生浮溢現象。當然’本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制 方法也能應用於大修或新建的高爐初產的鐵水22，因為大 修或新建後的高爐所產出的鐵水22切量通常偏高，因此 通常會以倒地方式處理，以本發明抑制方法進行 J以 201233811 減少倒地廢鋼量。 綜上所述，本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方法是藉由低 鹽基度的造渣方式配合適當的溫度以使爐渣23維持良好流 動性，以避免產生浮溢現象，該預排渣步驟3進—步將嗜 初成渣步驟2所形成的部分爐渣23排出該轉爐21外，藉 此減少該轉爐21内的爐渣23體積，因此在該次成渣步驟4 中就能將高流量的氣體24送入該鐵水22中而能避免浮於 該鐵水22表面的爐渣23溢出該轉爐21外，故確實能達成 本發明之目的。 惟以上所述者’僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一流程圖，說明現有轉爐煉鋼方法； 圖2是一流程圖，說明本發明轉爐煉鋼浮溢的抑制方 法的較佳實施例；以及 圖3是一示意圖，輔助說明該較佳實施例。 201233811 【主要元件符號說明】 2…… …··初成渣步驟 24..... ••…氣體 21…… •…轉爐 25 .....造渣劑 22…·· •…鐵水 3…… • ·…預排渣步驟 23..... …··爐渣 4…… .....次成渣步驟201233811 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a converter steelmaking method, and more particularly to a method for suppressing the overflow of steelmaking in a converter. [Prior Art] The existing converter steelmaking method is to feed the sorghum molten iron produced by the blast furnace into the converter, and to precipitate impurities in the molten iron by blowing oxygen and slag forming, but oxygen is blown during oxygen blowing. Injecting into the molten iron will cause the molten iron to churn and overflow outside the converter. In order to improve the above disadvantages, the prior art proposes another conventional converter steelmaking method 1 comprising a pretreatment step n, and a steelmaking step 12, which is first produced by the blast furnace in the pretreatment step The produced molten iron is subjected to a simmering treatment, and then the molten iron having a reduced volume after the simmering is sent to the converter for the steelmaking step 12. However, the pretreatment step u causes a decrease in the temperature of the hot metal produced by the blast furnace, so that the molten iron is heated again after being sent to the converter and causes energy loss. Therefore, how to improve the above-mentioned shortcomings has been an important goal of the continuous efforts of the technical field. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for suppressing the overflow of a steelmaking converter outside a converter that can prevent slag from overflowing. Thus, the method for suppressing the overflow of steelmaking in the converter of the present invention is as follows: a step of initializing, a step of pre-slaging, and a step of forming a slag. The initial collapse step is to feed a gas and a manufacturing agent into a converter containing a hot water of 201233811, so that the miscellaneous f of the hot metal towel reacts with the gas n-detecting agent to form a floating metal in the molten iron. The surface slag is adjusted so that the base degree of the furnace is 1.0 to 1.4, and the temperature of the molten iron is 135 (rc to 145 (rc. The pre-slag removal step is a part of the slag formed by the initial slagging step). The slag forming step is to feed the gas into the molten iron after the pre-slag discharging step at a flow rate higher than the preliminary slag forming step. The effect of the present invention is that the converter steelmaking of the present invention overflows. The suppression method is to adjust the temperature of the slag by a low salt base degree to maintain the slag to maintain a good fluidity to avoid the occurrence of a floating phenomenon, and the pre-slag slag step further forms part of the slag formed by the initial slagging step. Exhausting the outside of the converter, thereby reducing the volume of the slag in the converter, so that a high-flow gas can be sent into the molten iron in the slagging step, and the slag floating on the surface of the molten iron can be prevented from overflowing outside the converter. [Embodiment] The foregoing and related to the present invention The technical content, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly described in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the reference drawings. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the method for suppressing the overflow of steelmaking in the converter of the present invention is described. A preferred embodiment comprises a preliminary slag step 2, a pre-slag slag step 3, and a primary slagging step 4. The smear initial/inspection step 2 is to feed a gas 24 and a slagging agent 25 into a slag. In the converter 21 with a molten iron 22, the impurities in the molten iron 22 react with the gas 24 and the slag forming agent 25 to form a furnace floating on the surface of the molten iron 22 201233811. In the middle of the 'the gas 24 & oxygen (〇 2); the slagging agent 25 is lime ^ emulsified dance CaO); and the molten iron 22 is produced by the blast furnace Nantong Yong ^ 9, one, special instructions In the preferred embodiment, the so-called 咼石夕铁水22 means that the 铁 疋 日 含量 含量 含量 含量 含量 含量 含量 含量 含量 含量 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺 寺The main impurities pass through the carbon (C) Shi Xi (Sl), Meng (Mn), 4 (p), sulfur (s), etc., the pass of the milk ¢ 1 is mainly for the oxidation of the impurity f and the lime Then, it can react with the oxidized stone (2) and form the slag 23. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment, the primary purpose of the initial left step 胄2 is to take off the stone, so this stage is also possible, It is called the stone-breaking period, which will form a furnace with a high amount of stone-like eves; in addition, in this case, the top-blowing method is to send oxygen to the top and blow it into the inertia by the bottom blowing method. The gas, the inert gas fed by the bottom blowing method can assist in stirring the molten iron to facilitate the uniform reaction of the oxygen with the impurities in the molten iron 22. The pre-slaging step 3 is formed by the preliminary slag step 2. A part of the slag 23 is discharged from the outside of the converter 21. In the preferred embodiment, 3 wt% of the slag 23 is discharged outside the converter 21, based on 100% by weight of the total slag 23. In the actual operation, the slag 23 floating on the surface of the molten iron 22 is poured out from the top opening of the converter 21, so that it is difficult to discharge all the slag 23, and the discharge of 30% by weight to 5% by weight of the slag 23 can be remarkably reduced. Subsequent overflow phenomenon. The slagging step 4 is to feed the present gas 24 into the molten iron 22 after the pre-slag slag step 3 at a flow rate higher than the slag forming step 2. In particular, in the preferred embodiment, the main purpose of the slagging step 4 is to decarburize and other impurities, so this stage can also be called the decarburization period 201233811, which will result in a higher carbon content. Slag 23 Referring to Table 1, an experimental example and a comparative example of a method for suppressing the overflow of steelmaking in a converter according to the present invention are shown. m 〇相匕00 v〇00 VO 00 ON 00 VO <N OS Ό r*» o U") 00 VO 〇s ON jq v〇vr> yr·) 04 o 〇(N v〇(N V- ) Ο m 〇\ oo 00 O m 5; ro o ro s 呀r〇jrj o 卜> (N ίΝ v〇m ό so amount S oosgg ΓΛ <N g (N g (N 摩—5 ΓΛ » Nmo CN in (N v〇rj pair (N ΦΊ y^~\ Ηψ W5 wv〇卜o \〇00 00 od I> CO (N m (four) G silver phase c <N JO mom On m | 二m 卜CN cn Cn silver ^ O v〇ΓΛ «〇((NV£> Os S g Os Os 〇φΊ广^ 琢竽oooo in (N (N •Ο o ΦΊ Silver - o Bu CN s fN S <N o Bu CN 〇〇 (N m (N o «ο (N ♦ c螽荃玉磁军一1), in the preliminary slag step 2, the slag 23 has a salt base of 1.0 to 1.4. Good, because when the base degree of the salt is greater than 1.4, the situation of 201233811 floating will be more obvious, and when the base degree of salt is less than hG, there will be too little margin to affect the steelmaking efficiency. In the better _, the iron The temperature of water 22 is (1) 吖 to 1450t, because it is easier to produce ocean when the temperature is higher than (4) 吖. In summary, the same day 'Tongri Temple meets the salt base degree (〇 to ι 4 and the temperature of the molten iron 22 (1) to 14 machine two conditions can most effectively suppress the floating phenomenon, beyond the above basicity In the temperature range, the floating phenomenon is more obvious. Preferably, in the preliminary slag step 2, the oxygen flow rate is 25000 〜 35 〇〇〇 Nm 3 / hr 'the inert gas flow rate is in the slag forming step 4 The oxygen flow rate is 45 〇〇〇~6〇〇〇〇Nm3/hr, and the inert gas flow rate is 300~2000 Nm3/hr. Of course, the top blowing oxygen flow rate of the slag forming step 4 is greater than the top blowing of the primary slag (4) 2 The oxygen flow rate, and the bottom blowing inert gas flow rate of the slagging step 4 is less than the bottom human inert gas flow rate of the preliminary slag step 2. The same purpose can be achieved. Specifically, of course, in the slagging step. After 4, the slag 23 will be separated from the molten iron 22. However, the subsequent operation after the second step is the same as the prior art, which is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and therefore is not Narration. In addition, the method for suppressing the overflow of steelmaking in the converter of the present invention can be used not only in a = converter steelmaking process to obtain a furnace having good fluidity; in addition, it can avoid the occurrence of a floating phenomenon. Of course, the suppression method of the converter steelmaking overflow of the present invention can also be applied to the molten iron 22 which is newly produced or newly built in the blast furnace, because the amount of molten iron 22 produced by the overhauled or newly built blast furnace is usually high, so usually It will be treated in the down-grid manner, and the suppression method of the present invention is carried out to reduce the amount of scrapped steel scrap in 201233811. In summary, the method for suppressing the overflow of steelmaking in the converter of the present invention is to maintain a good fluidity of the slag 23 by a slag forming method with a low salt base to maintain a good fluidity to avoid the occurrence of a floating slag. Step 3: Stepping out part of the slag 23 formed by the initial slag forming step 2 is discharged outside the converter 21, thereby reducing the volume of the slag 23 in the converter 21, so that high flow rate can be achieved in the slag forming step 4. The gas 24 is fed into the molten iron 22 to prevent the slag 23 floating on the surface of the molten iron 22 from overflowing the outside of the converter 21. Therefore, the object of the present invention can be achieved. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention, All remain within the scope of the invention patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a conventional converter steelmaking method; FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of a method for suppressing converter steelmaking overflow in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a schematic view The preferred embodiment is described. 201233811 [Explanation of main component symbols] 2... ...·· preliminary slag step 24.....••...gas 21... •...converter 25 ..... slagging agent 22...·· •...hot metal 3...... • ·...Pre-slag slag step 23......··Slag 4...... .....Secondary slag step