201100564 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 製成不會喊麵污細元素取代麵 【先前技術】 於市場對環境永續發展的呼截，對金屬產品中不含 ° "R〇hS ΑΒ1953 疋’都疋在回應無錯產品的趨勢，市場上—般已知無錯之 Ο ❹ 开iiiT:02之含叙㈤黃銅合金以及jis6932取代 肖黃娜u)合金。然而這些黃銅合金具有各 鉛黃銅合金不斷推出。 虿文艮之,、、' 【發明内容】 所欲解決的技術課題： 號之卞亥准公告第伽74號，而申請第88103879 所構成之合金。 ％重量的石夕所組成’且剩餘的部份為鋅 料其Λ’ ί屬朗含量高達69〜79% ’雖射達聰佳的金屬 ^點但械紐椒核本从提高，柯轉奴，為其的= 之;無=合金之材料成本過高的缺點而創新 ’月疋為本案所欲仃解決之困難點所在。 ㈣要目的，係在提供—種無_鋅合金，在不含釵 的鍛造性，而以其他元素取代高° Γίίί之降低成本，具較佳經濟效益達成者。 久目的，係在提供一種無錯銅鋅合金，以饮仙-組成之無錯銅鋅合金，可避免製成品釋出錯造成％:費ί 解段具較佳使用安全性及多重進步性達ii 201100564 為達到上述之目的，第一發明係包含以56〜65%的銅(Cu)、含 夏在0· 2〜2. 0%的錫(Sn)、含量在0· 1〜1. 〇%的銘(A1)、含量在 0.5%以下的鐵(Fe)，及配合含量在0.01〜0.6%之間的鎳（Ni)等， 而剩餘的百分比則以鋅（Zn)元素加入其他不可避免之不純物所組 合而成者；第二提案發明，可包含由銅(Cu)56〜65%、錫（Sn)0. 2% 〜2. 0%、鐵(Fe)0. 5%以下、鋁（Α1)0· 1 〜1. 〇%、鎳（Ni)0. 01%〜〇. 6% 之間’以及總含量不超過0.45%之磷(P)或砷（As)混合，其餘則由 鋅(Zn)與其他不可避免之不純物所組成；第三提案發明，可包含 由銅(Cu)56〜65%、錫(Sn)0. 2%〜1. 5%、鐵(Fe)0. 5%以下、鋁（A1) ❹ 〇. 1〜1· 〇%、鎳(Ni)0. 01%〜0. 6%與錄(Sb)0.1〜2. 0%之間，剩餘的 百分比以由鋅(Zn)與其他不可避免之不純物所組成；第四提案發 明’可包含由銅(Cu)56〜65%、錫(Sn)0· 2%〜1· 5%、鐵(Fe)0. 5%以 下、鋁（A1)0.1 〜1. 〇%、鎳（Ni)〇. 01%〜〇. 6°/。、銻(Sb)0.1 〜2. 0%之 間’與總量不超過0.45%的磷(P)或砷(As)之混合，剩餘的百分比 以由鋅（Zn)與其他不可避免之不純物等混合組成。 【實施方式】 餘下，茲配合相關資料，詳細介紹本發明之構造内容，及其 所能達成之功能效益如後； 如第一提案實施例所示’本發明係包含由銅（CU)、錫（sn)、 ◎ 鐵(Fe)、銘(A1)、鎳(Ni)及辞(Zn)所組成，其中； 銅(Cu) ’其含量提高雖可增加耐脫鋅(zn)腐蚀性，但因為單 價較高，考量成本因素，而將其含量定為56〜65%之間。 田錫(Sn)，一般JIS3604或JIS3771黃銅(Cu)合金的錫(Sn)添 加量在0.5%以下，其添加可增加強度，由於錫（Sn)與銅（㈤的固 溶性兩’不僅可增加銅（Cu)的強度，同時還可以提高耐脫鋅(Zn) 腐姓性。然而隨著含錫(Sn)量的增加，銅(cu)合金中會出現脆性 的r相（CuZnSn化合物）’不利於合金塑性變形，但相的出現相 對會1^尚或改善合金的切削性。當錫(Sn)含量在〇· 3%以下時並無 法改善切削效果，當錫(Sn)含量超過〇·脒以上時^相逐漸形成， 切削性能大幅改善，且抗腐蝕的性能逐漸加強。當錫(Sn)的含量 201100564 達2%時脫鋅(Zn)雜的速度大約是〇. 〇1〇_r，而r相的形成也 頗為完整。錫(Sn)含魏高r姉成效果越好，切雕能也越佳 ’抗腐餘性能也越好。但過量的錫(Sn)雖可提高合金強度，相對 卻會造成延展性變差，且考量成本，故將锡(Sn)含奴為〇. 2%〜 2. 0%範圍内。 紹(A1) ’可提高黃銅的降伏強度和抗雜性，但稍微降低合 金的塑性，當铭(A1)含量小於4%則具有一定程度的良好加工、鑄 造等綜合性能。而鋁（A1)的比重較輕，加入鋁（A1)可以降低合金 的比重。且鋁(A1)與錫(Sn)都具有r相的形成或促進效果，同樣 〇可提高合金可雛’健(A1)的含量過高同齡降低其展性， 故鋁(A1)的含量設定為〇. 1〜1. 〇%之間。 鐵(Fe) ’其添加可細化量粒’改善銅（Cu)合金性能，而不在 於增加強度或是切削性，對於脫鋅腐蝕的性能而言鐵(Fe)的含量 越多越會加速脫鋅(Zn)腐蝕的現象，故鐵(Fe)的含量不能過多， 宜在0. 5%以下。 鎳(Νι)，其添加可明顯提高銅（cu)合金的強度、耐蝕性、電 阻和電熱性，同時可使組織均勻細分化。而且含鎳(Ni)合金在加 熱或擠製後，組織會更均勻與細微。此外，鎳(Ni)同時也具有防 腐飿的效果’故鎳（Ni)含量設定在〇· 01%〜〇. 6%之間。八 Q 鋅（Zn) ’以上各元素剩餘的百分比均以加入鋅所構成，在黃 銅(Cu)合金中增加鋅(zn)含量會降低其導電性與導熱性，但相對 可提高銅(Cu)合金強度，當鋅(zn)含量增加至20%以上時，在潮濕 的大氣或海水中’特別是有氨(NH 3)的存在時會產生應力腐银的 現象。與其他無鉛黃銅（Cu)合金相比，以前的無鉛黃銅(Cu)合金 藉由降低鋅(Zn)含量來解決脫鋅腐蝕問題。而在本發明則藉由加 入鎳（Ni)、鋁（A1)及錫（sn)等元素來防止脫鋅腐蝕現象的發生。 當鋅（Zn)含量大於33%則有利於切削性能的提高’但過高則會導致 合金的塑性降氏’而當鋅（Zn)含量超過45%時，此合金則無利用價 值。 再者，本發明的第二種實施例黃銅合金，係可由銅(Cu)56 201100564 65%、錫（Sn)0. 2%〜2· 0%、鐵(Fe)0. 5%以下、鋁(Α1)0· 1 〜1. 0%、 鎳（Ni)0. 01%〜0· 6%之間與總含量不超過〇. 45%之礙(ρ)或砷(As) 混合，其他則由鋅(Zn)與其他不可避免之不純物所組成。相較於 第一實施例之合金’第二實施例合黃銅(Cu)合金藉由構(p)或石申 (As)的添加來提高脫辞(Zn)耐腐餘性能。201100564 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The replacement of the surface of the material that does not shout the face [Previous technology] The call for sustainable development of the market in the market, does not contain ° in the metal products "R〇 hS ΑΒ1953 疋 'Too is responding to the trend of error-free products, the market is generally known to be error-free Ο open iiiT: 02 contains the Syrian (five) brass alloy and jis6932 replaces Xiao Huangna u) alloy. However, these brass alloys are continuously introduced with various lead brass alloys.虿文艮之,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, The weight of the stone is composed of 'Shi Xi' and the remaining part is zinc material and its Λ ' 属 lang content is as high as 69~79% 'Although the metal of the singer is good, but the nucleus of the new nucleus is improved. , for its =; no = the disadvantage of the material cost of the alloy is too high and innovative 'monthly to solve the difficult point of the case. (4) The purpose is to provide a kind of non-zinc alloy, which does not contain the forgeability of niobium, and replaces the high cost with other elements, and achieves better economic benefits. For a long time, it is to provide an error-free copper-zinc alloy, which is composed of a non-wrong copper-zinc alloy, which can avoid the mistake of making a product. The cost is better. The safety and multi-progressiveness of the segment is ii 201100564. To achieve the above objective, the first invention comprises a copper (Cu) of 56 to 65%, a tin (Sn) containing 0. 2 to 2.0% in summer, and a content of 0·1 to 1. 〇% (A1), iron (Fe) having a content of 0.5% or less, and nickel (Ni) having a content of 0.01 to 0.6%, and the remaining percentage is added to other unavoidable impurities by zinc (Zn) element. The composition of the second invention may include: copper (Cu) 56 to 65%, tin (Sn) 0.2% to 2. 0%, iron (Fe) 0.5% or less, aluminum (Α1) 0·1 〜1. 〇%, nickel (Ni) 0. 01%~〇. 6% between 'and the total content of not more than 0.45% phosphorus (P) or arsenic (As) mixed, the rest by zinc (Zn The 5%, the iron (Fe) is less than 0.5%, and the second embodiment of the present invention may include: copper (Cu) 56 to 65%, tin (Sn) 0.2% to 1. 5%, iron (Fe) 0.5% or less , (A1) ❹ 〇. 1~1· 〇%, nickel (Ni) 0. 01%~0. 6% and recorded (Sb) 0.1~2. 0%, left The remaining percentage consists of zinc (Zn) and other unavoidable impurities; the fourth proposal invention 'may contain copper (Cu) 56~65%, tin (Sn) 0·2%~1·5%, iron (Fe) 0. 5% or less, aluminum (A1) 0.1 to 1. 〇%, nickel (Ni) 〇. 01%~〇. 6°/.锑(Sb) 0.1 to 2. 0% between 'with a total amount of not more than 0.45% of phosphorus (P) or arsenic (As), the remaining percentage by zinc (Zn) and other unavoidable impurities, etc. Mixed composition. [Embodiment] In the following, the construction contents of the present invention and the functional benefits thereof can be described in detail in conjunction with the related materials, as shown in the first proposal embodiment. The present invention includes copper (CU) and tin. (sn), ◎ iron (Fe), Ming (A1), nickel (Ni) and Zn (Zn), of which; copper (Cu) 'increased content can increase dezincification resistance (zn) corrosion, but Because the unit price is higher, considering the cost factor, the content is set to be between 56 and 65%. Tin Tin (Sn), general JIS3604 or JIS3771 brass (Cu) alloy tin (Sn) addition amount of 0.5% or less, its addition can increase the strength, because tin (Sn) and copper ((5) solid solution two 'not only Increasing the strength of copper (Cu), while also improving the resistance to dezincification (Zn) corrosion. However, as the amount of tin (Sn) increases, a brittle r phase (CuZnSn compound) appears in the copper (cu) alloy. 'It is not conducive to plastic deformation of the alloy, but the appearance of the phase will be relatively good or improve the machinability of the alloy. When the tin (Sn) content is less than 3%, the cutting effect cannot be improved, when the tin (Sn) content exceeds 〇 · When the above is formed, the phase is gradually formed, the cutting performance is greatly improved, and the corrosion resistance is gradually enhanced. When the content of tin (Sn) is 201100564 up to 2%, the speed of dezincification (Zn) is about 〇. 〇1〇_ r, and the formation of r phase is quite complete. The better the effect of tin (Sn) containing Wei Gao r, the better the cutting ability is, the better the anti-corrosion performance is. But the excess tin (Sn) can be Increasing the strength of the alloy, but it will cause the ductility to deteriorate, and consider the cost, so the tin (Sn) contains slaves. 2% ~ 2. 0% range. Shao (A1) 'can mention High brass's lodging strength and anti-aliasability, but slightly reduce the plasticity of the alloy. When the content of Ming (A1) is less than 4%, it has a certain degree of good processing, casting and other comprehensive properties. The proportion of aluminum (A1) is lighter. Adding aluminum (A1) can reduce the specific gravity of the alloy. Both aluminum (A1) and tin (Sn) have the effect of forming or promoting the r phase. Similarly, the alloy can improve the content of the alloy (A1). Extensibility, so the content of aluminum (A1) is set to 〇. 1~1. 〇%. Iron (Fe) 'It can be refined to refine the amount of particles' to improve the performance of copper (Cu) alloy, rather than increase the strength or The 5% or less. The content of the iron (Fe) is not too high, preferably less than 0.5%. Nickel (Νι), its addition can significantly improve the strength, corrosion resistance, electrical resistance and electrothermal properties of copper (cu) alloy, while making the structure evenly subdivided. And after heating or extrusion of nickel-containing (Ni) alloy, the organization will More uniform and fine. In addition, nickel (Ni) also has the effect of anti-corrosion ', so the nickel (Ni) content is set at 〇·01%~〇 Between 6%. Oct Q Zinc (Zn) 'The remaining percentage of each element is composed of zinc added. Adding zinc (zn) content to brass (Cu) alloy will reduce its conductivity and thermal conductivity, but Relatively, the strength of the copper (Cu) alloy can be increased. When the zinc (zn) content is increased to 20% or more, stress rot silver is generated in the presence of ammonia (NH 3 ) in a humid atmosphere or sea water. Compared to other lead-free brass (Cu) alloys, previous lead-free brass (Cu) alloys solve the problem of dezincification corrosion by reducing the zinc (Zn) content. In the present invention, the occurrence of dezincification corrosion is prevented by the addition of elements such as nickel (Ni), aluminum (A1) and tin (sn). When the zinc (Zn) content is more than 33%, the improvement of the cutting property is favored 'but too high leads to the plastic drop of the alloy' and when the zinc (Zn) content exceeds 45%, the alloy has no use value. Furthermore, the brass alloy of the second embodiment of the present invention may be copper (Cu) 56 201100564 65%, tin (Sn) 0.2% ~ 2 · 0%, iron (Fe) 0.5% or less, 0%, 镍1)0·1 〜1. 0%, nickel (Ni) 0. 01%~0· 6% and the total content does not exceed 〇. 45% of the barrier (ρ) or arsenic (As) mixed, other It consists of zinc (Zn) and other unavoidable impurities. Compared with the alloy of the first embodiment, the second embodiment of the brass (Cu) alloy improves the release resistance (Zn) corrosion resistance by the addition of the structure (p) or the stone (As).
磷(P)的添加之目的在於提高耐脫鋅(Zn)腐蝕性。耐脫辞(Zn) 腐餘性會隨著礦(p)的添加量增多而提高，微量構(p)的存在同時 可作為脫氧劑提高銅(Cu)液的流動性，改善銅（Cu)及合金的焊接 性能、耐蝕性能、提高抗軟化程度。但會降低銅(CU)的導電導熱 性，而過量的磷(p)也會造成冷脆的現象。大體上，磷⑻對銅(Cu) 加工性能無太大影響，能略微提高硬度但會降低其導電導熱性， 故磷(P)的添加範圍大約在〇.〇3〜0.25%之間。 又，砷(As)在銅(Cu)中有很大的固溶度，且石申(AS)在銅(Cu) ^會強烈降低其導電率與導熱性能。石申(As)之所以能夠防止黃銅 脫鋅(Zn)腐餃’是因為石申(As)能夠降低銅(Qi)的電極電位，從而 降低電化學腐蝕的傾向，含砷〇. 01〜0. 2%的黃銅，能夠防止 的脫辞(Zn)腐敍。 、 又’本發明的第三種實施例黃銅合金，係可由銅⑹湖〜 65%、錫（Sn)0. 2%〜1. 5%、鐵(Fe)0. 5°/。以下、鋁（Al)〇. 1 〜1. 〇〇/0、 ，(Ni)〇· 01%〜〇. 6% ’再加入〇·卜之· 〇%之間的銻(Sb)，剩餘的百 ^比則由鋅(Zn)與不可避免之不純物混合所組成。相較於第一、 二種實施例黃銅(Cu)合金，第三種實施例黃銅(⑻合金又 了銻(Sb)元素作為主元素，來強化合金的切削性。 第三種實施例中，將錫(Sn)含量上限定為1. 5. %，當錫(Sn) 二到㈣時1'相形成，大幅改善蝴性能，且抗腐谢生能逐 ，加強。而當錫(Sn)含量丨.5%時，脫辞(Zn)腐蝕的速度大約是 〇. 0115刪/Hr，而r相的形成也頗為完整。雖然，錫（％)詈 ^相^成絲越好，糊雜及抗雜性能也鑛。蝴(s间 高於其他抗雜材料，故賴(Sn)含量設定為Q.找〜1. 5%範 ' >1 201100564The purpose of the addition of phosphorus (P) is to improve the resistance to dezincification (Zn). The resistance to detachment (Zn) is increased with the addition of ore (p). The presence of trace structure (p) can also act as a deoxidizer to improve the fluidity of copper (Cu) solution and improve copper (Cu). And the alloy's welding performance, corrosion resistance, and improve the degree of softening resistance. However, the electrical and thermal conductivity of copper (CU) is lowered, and excessive phosphorus (p) also causes cold and brittleness. In general, phosphorus (8) has little effect on the processing properties of copper (Cu), and can slightly increase the hardness but reduce its electrical and thermal conductivity. Therefore, the addition range of phosphorus (P) is about 〜3~0.25%. Moreover, arsenic (As) has a large solid solubility in copper (Cu), and Shishen (AS) strongly reduces its electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity in copper (Cu). The reason why Shishen (As) can prevent brass dezincification (Zn) rot dumplings is because Shishen (As) can reduce the electrode potential of copper (Qi), thereby reducing the tendency of electrochemical corrosion, including arsenic arsenic. 01~ 0. 2% brass, can prevent the wording (Zn) rot. 5度/。 The second embodiment of the present invention, the brass alloy, the copper (6) lake ~ 65%, tin (Sn) 0. 2% ~ 1. 5%, iron (Fe) 0. 5 ° /. The following, aluminum (Al) 〇. 1 〜1. 〇〇 / 0, , (Ni) 〇 · 01% ~ 〇. 6% 'Add 〇 · Buzhi · 〇% between the 锑 (Sb), the remaining The ratio is composed of zinc (Zn) mixed with unavoidable impurities. Compared with the first and second embodiments of the brass (Cu) alloy, the third embodiment of the brass ((8) alloy has the bismuth (Sb) element as the main element to strengthen the machinability of the alloy. The tin (Sn) content is limited to 1.5%, when tin (Sn) two to four (4), the 1' phase is formed, which greatly improves the butterfly performance, and the anti-corrosion Xiesheng can be strengthened and strengthened. When tin (Sn) When the content is 丨.5%, the rate of Zn corrosion is about 115. 0115 //Hr, and the formation of r phase is quite complete. Although, tin (%) 詈 ^ phase ^ silk is better, paste Miscellaneous and anti-heterochemical properties are also mine. Butterfly (s between s is higher than other anti-heteroplastic materials, so the content of smear (Sn) is set to Q. Find ~ 1. 5% Fan' >1 201100564
銻屬親銅元素，離子主要為Sb3+，易形成硫化物（如Sb2S3)，少 數形成氧化物（如Sb203)，與鉍有相近的性質。本發明加入電與熱 不良導體的銻(Sb)，其在常溫下不易氧化，且有抗腐蝕性能。此 外’銻(Sb)在銅(Cu)中溶度不高，適溫下基本不溶於銅(Cu)，主 要以金屬化合物形式存在分佈於晶界，對銅(Cu)的導電導熱影響 不大，但會嚴重的惡化銅（Cu)及合金的塑性加工性能，故在金^ 中加入比例不等的録(Sb)後金屬的硬度會增加。根據研究，綈 (Sb)在630°C時最大的固溶度為5. 9%，且會在晶界產生聚集的特 性，使含錄(Sb)金屬化合物會均勻地分布在晶界與晶内。當銻 (Sb)含量低於0.2%以下時，其所形成的晶界聚集無法滿足工業上 ，於切削性能的要求，同時對於抗脫鋅(Zn)腐蝕效果並不明顯'。 若銻(Sb)含量大於1· 5%會使合金的塑性降低，不利於冷加工效 果。若是録(Sb)的含量大於2. 〇時，合金脆性大幅提高，增加斷 裂的可能性，對於合金的切削性與其他性能大幅減弱，故適合 含量為0. 3〜1. 8%。 。最後，本發明的第四種實施例黃銅合金，係包含銅①u)56〜 65%、錫（Sn)〇. 2%〜1. 5%、鐵(Fe)0. 5%以下、紹(A1)0.1 〜1. 〇%、 鎳(Nl)0· 〇1%〜〇.⑽、銻(Sb)0.1〜2. 0%之間，與總量不超過〇. 45% 的5KP)或坤（As)之混合，剩餘的百分比則由辞（zn)與不可避旁 不純物混合組成。 & 本^明不含錯的成份組合、抗腐韻性及拉力與硬度已呈送專 ^檢測單位進行檢測中，其檢測報告將於檢驗完成後再行補呈到 -各如上所述本發明「無錯銅鋅合金」’藉由取代錯含量的其他 高價銅(GU)元素的含量崎低成本，减製成具相 較優锻造㈣銅合金’可避免製成品釋出鉛造成消費 者中2或環境的污染，具較佳使用安全性與多重進步性達成者。 ηΗ 、上所述，當知本發明具有產業上利用性與進步性，且本於 ，亦具觸性，#符合專服找定， 月專利申請’懇請貴審查委員惠准專利為禱。 201100564 【圖式簡單說明】 【主要元件符號說明】The genus is a pro-copper element, the ions are mainly Sb3+, easy to form sulfides (such as Sb2S3), and a few oxides (such as Sb203), which have similar properties to strontium. The present invention adds bismuth (Sb) which is an electrically and thermally poor conductor which is not easily oxidized at normal temperature and has corrosion resistance. In addition, 'Sb' is not soluble in copper (Cu), and is insoluble in copper (Cu) at moderate temperature. It is mainly distributed in the form of metal compounds in the grain boundary, and has little effect on the conduction and heat conduction of copper (Cu). However, the plastic processing properties of copper (Cu) and alloys are severely deteriorated, so the hardness of the metal increases after the addition of the ratio (Sb) in the gold. According to the study, the maximum solid solubility of bismuth (Sb) at 630 ° C is 5.9%, and it will produce aggregation at the grain boundary, so that the metal compound containing Sb will be uniformly distributed in the grain boundary and crystal. Inside. When the content of bismuth (Sb) is less than 0.2%, the grain boundary aggregation formed by the samarium (Sb) cannot meet the requirements of industrial performance, and the effect on the resistance to dezincification (Zn) is not obvious. If the content of bismuth (Sb) is more than 5%, the plasticity of the alloy is lowered, which is not conducive to the cold working effect. 8%。 If the content of the smear (Sb) is greater than 2. 〜 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。. . The 5%, the iron (Fe) is less than 0.5%, and the iron (Fe) is less than 5%. A1) 0.1 〜1. 〇%, nickel (Nl)0· 〇1%~〇.(10), 锑(Sb)0.1~2. 0%, and the total amount does not exceed 〇. 45% of 5KP) or Kun The mixture of (As), the remaining percentage consists of a mixture of words (zn) and unavoidable impurities. & This is a combination of ingredients, anti-corrosion, and tensile strength and hardness that have been sent to the test unit for testing. The test report will be replenished after the test is completed - each of the above described inventions "No error copper-zinc alloy" 'by replacing the content of other high-priced copper (GU) elements with the wrong content, the cost is reduced to a better forged (four) copper alloy, which avoids the release of lead from the finished product. Or environmental pollution, with better use of safety and multiple progressive achievers. Η Η , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 201100564 [Simple diagram description] [Main component symbol description]