200925450 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於透過進行無限循環的多數個滾珠來將滑 動構件組合於導軸，以讓固定於前述滑動構件的被裝載物 能沿著導軸往復運動自如的直線導引裝置；特別是關於滾 珠的無限循環路是以面向導軸的軌道槽的方式形成於前述 滑動構件之簡易構造的直線導引裝置。 ❹ 【先前技術】 在工作機械的工件台和各種搬運裝置的直線導引部， 大多採用讓滑動構件（裝載著載台等的可動體）沿著導軸 連續移動的直線導引裝置。在這種直線導引裝置，前述滑 動構件是透過多數個滾珠來組裝於導軸，讓滾珠在滑動構 件和導軸之間負載荷重的狀態下進行滾進，以使裝載於滑 動構件的可動體能沿著導軸在極微小的阻力下輕鬆地運動 © 。又在滑動構件具備滾珠的無限循環路，讓滾珠在該無限 循環路內循環，藉此使前述滑動構件能沿著導軸連續移動 〇 以往，作爲前述滑動構件的主流，是由金屬製的塊本 體'以及結合於該塊本體兩端的合成樹脂製的端蓋所構成 。在前述塊本體，形成有讓滾珠在其和導軸的滾珠滾進槽 之間負載荷重下進行轉動的負載滾進槽，並穿設有與該負 載滾進槽平行的無負載滾珠通路，又爲了抑制滾珠滾進的 經時摩耗’該塊本體例如是由可淬火的鋼所形成。又在前 -5- 200925450 述端蓋形成有方向轉換路，而爲了實現出複雜的形狀，該 端蓋是利用合成樹脂的射出成形來形成的。藉由將一對的 端蓋正確地固定於塊本體的前後兩端面，以將負載滾進通 路的端部和無負載滾珠通路的端部利用方向轉換路來連結 ，而構成具備滾珠的無限循環路之滑動構件。 另一方面，在W02006/022242-A1揭示出使滑動構件 的構造簡單化的直線導引裝置。該直線導引裝置，作爲滾 ❹ 珠的無限循環路，是在滑動構件形成軌道槽，且該軌道槽 是形成面向前述導軸開口的槽。前述軌道槽係包含：讓滾 珠在其和導軸的滾珠滾進槽之間負載荷重下進行滾進之負 載直線槽、分別設置於該負載直線槽的兩端部之一對的滾 珠偏向槽（讓在該負載直線槽滾進的滾珠的滾進方向改變 而使該滾珠脫離前述導軸的滾珠滾進槽）、將無負載狀態 的滾珠從一方的滾珠偏向槽移送至另一方的滾珠偏向槽之 無負載直線槽。該軌道槽是形成於與前述滑動構件的導軸 〇 相對向的位置，藉此讓在滾珠偏向槽及無負載直線槽的內 部以無負載狀態滾進的滾珠不致脫離軌道槽。 專利文獻 1 : W02006/022242-A1 【發明內容】 然而，在W02006/022242-A1揭示的直線導引裝置， 雖然使在滑動構件具備滾珠的無限循環路的構造變得簡單 化，但由於滾珠是藉由和導軸接觸來保持於前述軌道槽內 ，若從導軸將滑動構件取下，排列於軌道槽內的滾珠會從 -6- 200925450 滑動構件滾落而造成問題。因此，無法將 分離，又在必須讓滑動構件從導軸分離以 ，必須將該滑動構件從導軸移到搬運用暫 相當煩雜。 本發明是有鑑於前述問題點而開發完 爲了提供一種操作性優異的直線導引裝置 的構造讓滑動構件具備滾珠的無限循環路 φ 件和導軸分離後仍可避免滾珠從該滑動構 爲了達成前述目的之本發明的直線導 多數個滾珠、沿長方向配置有複數個前述 導軸、以面向前述導軸的方式設置供前述 槽且隨著前述滾珠的循環而能沿著前述導 動構件。前述軌道槽係包含：配置成與導 向且讓前述滾珠在負載荷重的狀態下進行 部、設置成與該負載通路部平行且讓前述 〇 態進行滾進的無負載通路部、用來將負載 通路部予以連通連結以讓滾珠往來於其等 轉換通路部。在前述軌道槽的全周，將朝 口寬度設定成比滾珠的直徑更小。 依據本發明的直線導引裝置，前述軌 軸的方式設置於前述滑動構件，而形成朝 ，由於將其開口寬度設定成在軌道槽的全 徑更小，故即使滑動構件和導軸分離後， 道槽脫落。因此，不須使用例如搬運用暫 導軸和滑動構件 進行搬運的情況 時軸上，其作業 成者，其目的是 ，不僅能以簡單 ，且即使滑動構 件脫落。 引裝置係包含： 滾珠的滾進槽之 滾珠循環的軌道 軸移動自如的滑 軸的滾進槽相對 滾進的負載通路 滾珠以無負載狀 通路部和無負載 間之一對的方向 向前述導軸的開 道槽是以面向導 導軸開口的溝槽 周都比滾珠的直 滾珠仍不會從軌 時軸就能讓導軸 200925450 和滑動構件分離，如此讓利用軌道槽來進行滾珠的無限循 環之直線導引裝置的操作變容易。 在本發明，考慮到製作前述滑動構件時的生產性，滑 動構件較佳爲包含：具備前述負載通路部及無負載通路部 之滑動構件基部、具備前述方向轉換通路部且分別固定於 前述滑動構件基部的兩端面之一對的端板。滑動構件也能 採用單一金屬塊，而對該金屬塊利用切削加工、磨削加工 〇 、放電加工等來形成前述軌道槽。然而，由於前述軌道槽 必須在其全周將朝向前述導軸之開口寬度設定成比滾珠的 直徑更小，在採用切削加工或磨削加工等手法的情況，該 加工既費事且費力，而有生產性變差之虞。 針對這點，如前述般將前述滑動構件分割成滑動構件 基部和端板來製作的情況，在軌道槽當中，前述滑動構件 基部所具備的負載通路部及無負載通路部是形成直線狀的 通路，因此該滑動構件基部沿導軸的軸方向具有同樣的截 G 面形狀。因此，可藉由線切割放電加工、抽拉加工、鍛造 加工等來製作滑動構件基部，並讓滑動構件基部具備前述 負載通路部及前述無負載通路部，且藉由前述加工方法很 容易製作出將開口寬度設定成比滾珠直徑更小的負載通路 部及無負載通路部。 另一方面，端板所具備的方向轉換通路部雖是曲線狀 的通路，但由於滾珠在方向轉換通路部是以無負載狀態滾 進，故前述端板可藉由使用模具的成形方法（合成樹脂的 射出成形等）來製作出，而能提高生產性。 200925450 作爲讓端板具備方向轉換通路部（朝導軸的開口寬度 比滾珠直徑更小）的方法，可將端板分割成二個構件來製 作，並將其等組合而構成開口寬度受到限制的方向轉換通 路部。然而，基於更簡單地製作出端板的觀點較佳爲，在 將該端板固定於前述滑動構件基部的端面時，作爲方向轉 換通路部使形成於端板的溝槽的開口緣和滑動構件基部的 端面相對向，利用兩者的協同動作來在方向轉換通路部形 Q 成比滾珠直徑更小的開口寬度。 【實施方式】 以下，參照附圖來詳細說明本發明的直線導引裝置。 第1圖及第2圖係顯示，將本發明適用於滾珠栓槽裝 置（直線導引裝置的一種）的第一實施形態。該滾珠栓槽 裝置，係包含：截面大致圓柱形的栓槽軸1'形成大致圓 筒狀且透過多數個滾珠3來組裝於前述栓槽軸1的螺帽構 ❹ 件2而構成。前述螺帽構件2，可沿軸方向在栓槽軸1的 周圍進行往復運動。前述栓槽軸1相當於本發明的導軸， 前述螺帽構件3相當於本發明的滑動構件。此外，前述螺 帽構件2係包含：金屬製的螺帽本體4、用螺栓鎖緊於該 螺帽本體4的軸方向的兩端之一對的端板5而構成。前述 螺帽本體4相當於本發明的滑動構件基部。此外，在第1 圖爲了顯示螺帽構件的內部構造，是顯示從螺帽本體將一 方的端板除去後的狀態。 在前述栓槽軸1的外周面，沿軸方向形成4條的前述 -9- 200925450 滾珠3的滾進槽10，滾珠3是在沿該等滾進槽10滾進的 狀態下，在螺帽構件2和栓槽軸1之間負載荷重。各滾進 槽10之與長方向垂直的截面的形狀爲圓弧狀，亦即，是 形成曲率比滾珠球面的曲率稍大的單一圓弧所構成的形狀 。該等滾進槽10，是包含：在螺帽構件2以箭頭A方向 繞栓槽軸1的周圍旋轉的情況下負載荷重之滾進槽10a、 在螺帽構件2以箭頭B方向繞栓槽軸1的周圍旋轉的情況 〇 下負載荷重之滾進槽10b所構成，相鄰接的滾進槽l〇a和 滾進槽l〇b成爲溝槽，因此在栓槽軸1的外周面以等間隔 形成複數個溝槽。藉此，可在螺帽構件2和栓槽軸1之間 進行轉矩的傳遞。在第1圖及第2圖所示的滾珠栓槽裝置 ’雖是在栓槽軸1的外周面形成2溝槽4條的滾進槽10, 但也能形成3溝槽6條或4溝槽8條的滾進槽1 〇。 另一方面’構成前述螺帽構件2之螺帽本體4和端板 5，都具有供前述栓槽軸1插通的貫穿孔。此外，在螺帽 ® 本體4的外周面形成鍵槽’可利用在將螺帽構件2安裝於 機械裝置時。 如此般由螺帽本體4和一對的端板5所組合成的螺帽 構件2’在面向栓槽軸丨的貫穿孔的內周面具有作爲滾珠 3的無限循環路之軌道槽30。該軌道槽30是包含：與栓 槽軸1的滾進槽10相對向而形成於螺帽本體4的內周面 之負載通路部3 1、以與前述負載通路部3 1隔著些微間隔 且平行的方式形成於螺帽本體4的內周面之無負載通路部 32、在負載通路部31和無負載通路部32之間讓滾珠的滾 -10- 200925450 進方向轉換180度並讓滾珠3往來於該等溝槽之間的方向 轉換通路部33而構成。該方向轉換通路部33是形成於前 述端板5。 第3圖詳細顯示前述軌道槽30的負載通路部31及無 負載通路部的截面圖。前述負載通路部31及無負載通路 部32，是內徑比滾珠3直徑稍小的大致圓筒狀的直線通路 ’並具備朝栓槽軸1開口的狹縫狀的開口部。在前述負載 φ 通路部31的內部，在與栓槽軸的滾進槽10相對向的位置 形成負載滾進槽31a。滾珠是和該負載滾進槽31a及栓槽 軸1的滾進槽10雙方接觸，而在兩者間負載荷重的狀態 下在前述負載通路部31的內部滾進。前述負載滾進槽31a ’與其長方向垂直的截面是和栓槽軸1的滾進槽1〇同樣 的形成圓弧狀。由於在栓槽軸1形成有4條的滾進槽1 〇， 滾珠3和栓槽軸1的各滾進槽1〇或螺帽構件2的各負載 滾進槽31a接觸的方向，在栓槽軸1的周方向彼此偏差90 © 度。藉此，螺帽構件2，可在負載作用於栓槽軸1的軸方 向以外的各種荷重的狀態下沿該栓槽軸1進行往復移動。 此外，如以下所詳細說明般，前述方向轉換通路部33 也是朝向栓槽軸1開口。因此，由負載通路部31、無負載 通路部32以及方向轉換通路部33所構成的軌道槽30，在 整個區域都是朝栓槽軸1開口，排列於軌道槽30的滾珠3 是以面向栓槽軸1的狀態在該無限循環路30內循環。 第4圖係顯示將前述軌道槽30在平面上展開的狀態 。前述方向轉換通路部33，係具有用來連結負載通路部 -11 - 200925450 31和無負載通路部32之大致u字形的軌道’讓在負載荷 重的狀態下沿負載通路部31的內部滾進來的滾珠3解除 荷重’並使該滾珠3的滾進方向逐漸改變，在方向轉換 180度後送往前述無負載通路部32。該方向轉換通路部33 是形成’在與負載通路部31的連結部位最淺，在與無負 載通路部32的連結部位最深。藉由使方向轉換通路部33 逐漸變深’若沿負載通路部31滾進來的滾珠3進入方向 〇 轉換通路部33 ’該滾珠3解除荷重而成爲無負載狀態後會 在方向轉換通路部33內朝無負載通路部32行進，並以此 狀態進入無負載通路部32。 若螺帽構件2沿栓槽軸1移動，在栓槽軸1的滾進槽 10和螺帽構件2的負載滾進槽3U之間所挾持的滾珠3， 亦即存在於前述負載通路部31的滾珠3，是以速度0.5V (螺帽構件2相對於栓槽軸〗的移動速度v的一半）沿負 載通路部31的內部移動。若在負載通路部31的內部滾進 © 的滾珠3到達方向轉換通路部33，由於如前述般方向轉換 通路部33的深度逐漸變深，其荷重逐漸被解除。解除荷 重後的滾珠3會被後續的滾珠3推擠而在栓槽軸1的滾進 槽1〇內行進，但方向轉換通路部33會阻攔滾進槽10上 的滾珠3之滾進’而使滾珠3的行進方向強制改變，因此 滾珠3會被方向轉換通路部33推往滾進槽1〇的一側，而 沿著栓槽軸1的外周面的形狀爬上該栓槽軸1的外周面。 藉此，使滾珠3完全脫離栓槽軸1的滾進槽1〇，而完全收 容於螺帽構件2的方向轉換通路部33中。 -12- 200925450 由於在平面上展開的方向轉換通路部33具有大致U 字形的軌道，能使收容於該方向轉換通路部33內的滾珠3 的滾進方向反轉後，進入與栓槽軸1的外周面相對向之螺 帽構件2的無負載通路部32內。此外，在無負載通路部 32內行進的滾珠3，會進入相反側的方向轉換通路部33， 再度讓其滾進方向反轉後，進入栓槽軸1的滾進槽10和 螺帽構件2的負載滾進槽31a之間，亦即進入負載通路部 〇 31。這時，滾珠3是沿著栓槽軸1的外周面形狀來進入滾 進槽10，隨著方向轉換通路部33逐漸變淺，而從無負載 狀態轉移成負載荷重的狀態。 滾珠3是以這種方式在螺帽構件2的軌道槽3 0內循 環，如此使螺帽構件2沿著栓槽軸1進行不間斷的連續移 動。 第5圖係顯示螺帽本體4的軸方向端面43的形狀的 立體圖，可觀察螺帽本體4上的前述負載通路部31及無 〇 負載通路部32的形成狀態。如本圖所示，構成前述軌道 槽30的負載通路部31及無負載通路部32是形成於螺帽 本體4的貫穿孔的內周面，分別是透過狹縫狀的開口 31b 、3 2a來和螺帽本體4的貫穿孔連結，而成爲朝向插通於 該貫穿孔的栓槽軸1開口的狀態。在前述負載通路部31 的內部滾進的滾珠，是經由前述開口部31b來和栓槽軸1 的滾進槽10接觸。 前述開口部31b的開口寬度dl及開口部32a的開口 寬度d2都設定成比滾珠3的直徑更小，即使在將螺帽構 -13- 200925450 件2從栓槽軸1取下的狀態下，在負載通路部31或無負 載通路部32滾進的滾珠3並不會通過開口部31b、3 2b而 從螺帽構件2脫落。 前述負載通路部31及無負載通路部32，由於是遍及 螺帽本體4的軸方向的整個長度來設置，故螺帽本體4在 其軸方向的整個長度具有大致相同的截面形狀。因此，該 螺帽本體4的的內周面的形狀，包含前述負載通路部31 @ 及無負載通路部32都能藉由線切割放電加工來形成。關 於設置於負載通路部31中的負載滾進槽31a，爲了改善表 面粗糙度，也能在線切割放電加工後實施磨削加工等。當 然，在螺帽本體4的貫穿孔的內徑夠大的情況下，不採用 線切割放電加工，而對於具有均一內周面的圓筒狀的螺帽 本體4，藉由抽拉加工、切削加工或磨削加工來形成前述 負載通路部31及無負載通路部32亦可。 另一方面，構成軌道槽30的方向轉換通路部33，是 φ 形成於前述端板5。第ό圖係從螺帽本體4側觀察前述端 板5的立體圖。在該端板5的貫穿孔的內周面，形成有方 向轉換槽34，又形成有：隔著些微的間隙而和栓槽軸1的 滾進槽相對向的密封突部50。前述方向轉換槽34的整 個區域，是朝螺帽本體4的端面43開口，和精加工成平 坦面的螺帽本體4的端面互相配合來構成軌道槽30的方 向轉換通路部33。 此外，在端板5的外周面，形成連續於螺帽本體4的 鍵槽的出入槽51 ’即使是在將端板5固定於螺帽本體4的 -14 - 200925450 狀態下’仍能使鍵從螺帽構件2的軸方向滑入螺帽本體4 的鍵槽。再者’在該端板5突設用來對螺帽本體4進行定 位的定位用凸柱52，藉由將該凸柱52嵌合於螺帽本體4 的基準孔4 1 ’能將端板5正確地定位於螺帽本體4，而使 端板5側的方向轉換槽3 4和螺帽本體4側的負載通路部 31及無負載通路部32正確地結合。 由於前述端板5具有複雜的形狀，可使用合成樹脂的 © 射出成形來製作出。除此以外的製作方法，也能採用金屬 射出成形（MIM成形）。再者，只要栓槽軸的外徑夠大而 使端板也變得大型化，則藉由切削加工來形成亦可。 如此般，構成軌道槽3 0之方向轉換通路部3 3是利用 端板5的方向轉換槽34和螺帽本體4的端面43的協同動 作來形成，因此滾珠3是以面向螺帽本體4的端面43的 狀態在方向轉換通路部3 3滾進。因此，如第5圖所示， 在螺帽本體的端面43之負載通路部31及無負載通路部32 〇 的開口緣，形成內側導引曲面45，藉此當滾珠3在負載通 路部31或無負載通路部32和方向轉換通路部33之間往 返時，可避免被負載通路部31及無負載通路部32的開口 緣鉤到，而防止滾珠3的球面受傷。該內側導引曲面45， 是由相連續的二個曲面45a、45b所構成，曲面45a、45b ，是對螺帽本體4的端面43之負載通路部31及無負載通 路部3 2的開口緣實施去角而形成。 第7圖係顯示將前述端板5裝設於螺帽本體4的端面 43的狀態之放大截面圖，是從第3圖中的箭頭C方向觀 -15- 200925450 察螺帽構件2的內周面的樣子。如第7圖所示，前述方向 轉換通路部33係具備朝向螺帽構件2的內周面的開口部 33a，滾珠3是以面向栓槽軸1的狀態在方向轉換通路部 33滾進。如前述般，方向轉換通路部33是利用端板5的 方向轉換槽34和螺帽本體4的端面43的協同動作來形成 ’又前述開口部33a，係藉由讓方向轉換槽34的周緣部 34a (顯示於第6圖中）和螺帽本體的端面43的邊緣部 © 43 a (顯示於第5圖中）相對向來形成。 該開口部33a的開口寬度d3，和負載通路部31的開 口寬度dl及無負載通路部32的開口寬度d2同樣的，是 設定成比滾珠3的直徑更小，故即使在將螺帽構件2從栓 槽軸1除去的狀態下，在方向轉換通路部33滾進的滾珠3 仍不致通過開口部33a而從螺帽構件2脫落。 如此般，在螺帽構件2，用來讓滾珠3進行無限循環 之軌道槽30雖是形成面向栓槽軸1，但由於將構成該軌道 〇 槽30的負載通路部31、無負載通路部32以及方向轉換通 路部33的開口寬度都設定成比滾珠3的直徑更小，故即 使栓槽軸1和螺帽構件2互相分離，在該等通路內部滾進 的滾珠3仍不致從軌道槽30脫落。因此，該滾珠栓槽裝 置’在搬運及栓槽軸的配設作業上的操作變得非常容易。 再者，關於防止滾珠3從軌道槽30脫落的構造，由 於僅藉由螺帽本體4和一對的端板5來實現，故能以極簡 單的構造來獲得此效果，而能以低成本來實現操作性優異 的滾珠栓槽裝置。 -16- 200925450 特別是，前述方向轉換通路部33的開口部33a是利 用端板5的方向轉換槽34和螺帽本體4的端面43的協同 動作來形成，且利用該協同動作來將開口部33a的開口寬 度d3設定成比滾珠3的直徑更小，因此只要調整端板5 的方向轉換槽34的槽深很容易就能防止滾珠3的脫落。 因此，可謀求構成方向轉換通路部33的端板5的形狀的 單純化，在這點也能以低成本來實現操作性優異的滾珠栓 Q 槽裝置。 其次說明應用本發明之滾珠栓軸裝置的第二實施形態 首先，第8圖係顯示第二實施形態的滾珠栓軸裝置的 的分解立體圖。在前述第一實施形態，是利用端板5和螺 帽本體4的協同動作來將方向轉換通路部33的開口寬度 設定成比滾珠直徑更小。相對於此，在第二實施形態，是 將端板5分割成第一板6和第二板7，藉由將其等組合來 Ο 構成開口寬度受到限制的方向轉換通路部33。又關於其他 的構造是和前述第一實施形態相同，在第8圖中是賦予相 同的符號而省略其詳細說明。 第9圖係顯不前述第一板6的立體圖。在第一板6的 貫穿孔的內周面，形成有對應於各軌道槽30之外側導引 槽6 0，並形成有：隔著些微的間隙而和栓槽軸1的滾珠滾 進面1 0相對向之密封突部61。前述外側導引槽6 0，係具 備朝向栓槽軸的周緣部60a。又爲了收容後述第二板7的 片保持部，在各外側導引槽6 0的半徑方向外側形成有收 -17- 200925450 容槽63。此外，在該第一板6，爲了相對於螺帽本體4進 行定位而突設有一對的凸柱6 4。 第10圖係顯示構成端板的第一板6及第二板7的立 體圖。在該第二板7的外周面形成四個片保持部62,在該 片保持部62的半徑方向內側，突設有內側導引片65。內 側導引片65具備：與前述第一板6的外側導引槽60的周 緣部60a相對向的邊緣部65a。在第二板，形成有對應於 0 第一板6的凸柱64之凸柱插通部66。 第1 1圖係顯示由第一板6和第二板7所組合成的端 板5的立體圖。若將第一板6和第二板7組合，第二板7 的片保持部62會嵌合於第一板6的收容槽63，同時第二 板7的內側導引片65會位於前述第一板6的外側導引槽 6〇的中央部，如此構成大致U字狀的方向轉換通路部33 。如圖所示，方向轉換通路部33是朝向栓槽軸1開口， 滾珠3是以面向栓槽軸1的狀態在前述方向轉換通路部33 ❹ 滾進。 又如前述般，在第一板6突設用來對螺帽本體4進行 定位之定位用凸柱64，在第二板7設置凸柱插通部66。 藉由讓該凸柱64插通於凸柱插通部66，以將內側導引片 65正確地定位於第一板6的外側導引槽60，而能實現方 向轉換通路部33的精度提昇。再者，藉由將從前述第二 板7突出的凸柱64嵌合於設置在螺帽本體4的基準孔， 能讓所完成的端板5正確地定位於螺帽本體4。亦即，能 使方向轉換通路部33的端部和螺帽本體4的負載通路部 -18- 200925450 31及無負載通路部32正確地連結。 第12圖係顯示將前述第一板6和第二板7裝設於螺 帽本體4的狀態之局部截面圖。如本圖所示，前述方向轉 換通路部33是具備朝向螺帽構件2的內周面之開口部33a ，滾珠3是以面向栓槽軸1的狀態在方向轉換通路部33 滾進。如前述般，方向轉換通路部33是利用前述第一 6 的外側導引槽60和第二板7的內側導引片65的協同動作 φ 來形成，前述開口部3 3 a是藉由讓前述第一板6的外側導 引槽60的周緣部60a和第二板7的內側導引片65的邊緣 部6 5 a相對向來形成。 和第一實施形態同樣的，該開口部33a的開口寬度d3 ，是和負載通路部31的開口寬度dl、無負載通路部32的 開口寬度d2同樣的，設定成比滾珠3的直徑更小，因此 即使在從栓槽軸1除去螺帽構件2的狀態下，在方向轉換 通路部33滾進的滾珠3仍不致通過開口部33a而從螺帽 φ 構件2脫落。 該等第一板6及第二板7，由於和第一實施形態同樣 的是具備複雜的狀形，可使用合成樹脂的射出成形來製作 出。此外也能採用金屬射出成形（MIM成形）。又只要 栓槽軸的外徑夠大而使端板也變得大型化，也能藉由切削 加工來形成。 在以上的說明，是舉滾珠栓槽裝置（在作爲導軸的栓 槽軸組裝作爲滑動構件之螺帽構件）的例子來詳細說明本 發明’但本發明的適用對象並不限於此，例如也能適用於 -19- 200925450 直線導引裝置（在配設於機床或機架等的固定部的軌道組 裝作爲滑動構件之移動塊）° 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示將本發明適用於滾珠栓槽裝置（直線導 引裝置）的第一實施形態的局部分解立體圖。 第2圖係第1圖所示的滾珠栓槽裝置的垂直於軸方向 0 的截面圖。 第3圖係詳細顯示第一實施形態的形成於螺帽本體的 負載通路部及無負載通路部的局部放大圖。 第4圖係顯示將第一實施形態的螺帽構件所具備的軌 道槽在平面上展開的樣子。 第5圖係顯示第一實施形態的形成於螺帽本體的負載 通路部及無負載通路部的樣子之放大立體圖。 第6圖係顯示第一實施形態之構成螺帽構件的端板的 〇 立體圖。 第7圖係第3圖的C箭頭視圖。 第8圖係顯示第二實施形態的滾珠栓槽裝置的分解立 體圖。 第9圖係顯示第二實施形態之構成端板的第一板的立 體圖。 第10圖係顯示第二實施形態之端板的分解立體圖。 第11圖係顯示第二實施形態之端板的立體圖。 第12圖係顯示第二實施形態之滾珠栓槽裝置之與軸 -20- 200925450 方向平行的局部截面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :導軸（栓槽軸） 2 :螺帽構件 3 :滾珠 4 :螺帽本體 © 5 :端板 6 :第一板 7 :第二板 10、10a、10b:滾進槽 30 :軌道槽 3 1 :負載通路部 31a :負載滾進槽 3 lb、32a :開口 G 3 2 :無負載通路部 3 3 :方向轉換通路部 3 3 a :開口部 3 4 :方向轉換槽 3 4 a :周緣部 43 :端面 43a :邊緣部 45 :內側導引曲面 45a 、 45b ：曲面 200925450 ❹ :密封突部 :出入槽 :定位用凸柱 =外側導引槽 a :周緣部 :密封突部 =片保持部 :收容槽 :凸柱 =內側導引片 a =邊緣部 :凸柱插通部 -22-200925450 IX. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a combination of a plurality of balls that are infinitely looped to combine a sliding member with a guide shaft so that a load fixed to the sliding member can reciprocate along a guide shaft The linear guide device that is freely movable; in particular, the infinite circulation path of the ball is a linear guide device that is formed in a simple structure of the sliding member as a track groove that guides the shaft.先前 [Prior Art] In the workpiece table of the machine tool and the linear guides of various conveyors, a linear guide that continuously moves the slide member (a movable body such as a stage) along the guide shaft is often used. In the linear guide device, the sliding member is assembled to the guide shaft through a plurality of balls, and the balls are rolled in a state where the load is loaded between the sliding member and the guide shaft, so that the movable body mounted on the sliding member can be driven. Easily move along the guide axis with minimal resistance. Further, the sliding member is provided with an infinite circulation path of the ball, and the ball is circulated in the infinite circulation path, whereby the sliding member can be continuously moved along the guide shaft. Conventionally, as a mainstream of the sliding member, a block made of metal is used. The main body 'and a synthetic resin end cap coupled to both ends of the block body. In the block body, a load rolling groove is formed in which the ball rotates under a load load between the ball rolling groove of the guide shaft, and an unloaded ball passage parallel to the load rolling groove is formed, and In order to suppress the time-consuming wear of the ball rolling, the block body is formed, for example, of a quenchable steel. Further, in the front -5 - 200925450, the end cap is formed with a direction changing path, and in order to realize a complicated shape, the end cap is formed by injection molding of a synthetic resin. By fixing a pair of end caps correctly to the front and rear end faces of the block body, the end portion of the load rolling path and the end portion of the unloaded ball passage are connected by a direction changing path to form an infinite loop having balls. The sliding member of the road. On the other hand, a linear guide device which simplifies the structure of the sliding member is disclosed in WO2006/022242-A1. The linear guide device, which is an infinite circulation path of the bead, forms a track groove in the sliding member, and the track groove is a groove that faces the opening of the guide shaft. The track groove system includes: a load linear groove for rolling the ball under load load between the ball rolling groove of the guide shaft, and a ball deflection groove respectively disposed at one of opposite ends of the load linear groove ( The rolling direction of the ball rolling in the load straight groove is changed to separate the ball from the ball rolling groove of the guide shaft, and the ball in the unloaded state is transferred from one ball to the groove to the other ball deflecting groove. No load linear groove. The track groove is formed at a position opposed to the guide shaft 前述 of the sliding member, whereby the balls that are rolled in the unloaded state inside the ball deflecting groove and the unloaded linear groove are prevented from coming off the track groove. Patent Document 1: W02006/022242-A1 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, the linear guide device disclosed in WO2006/022242-A1 simplifies the structure of an infinite circulation path in which a sliding member has balls, but since the balls are By being held in the track groove by contact with the guide shaft, if the sliding member is removed from the guide shaft, the balls arranged in the track groove will roll off from the -6-200925450 sliding member, causing a problem. Therefore, it is impossible to separate and it is necessary to separate the sliding member from the guide shaft, and it is necessary to move the sliding member from the guide shaft to the conveyance for a long time. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, in order to provide a structure of a linear guide device excellent in operability, an infinite circulation path φ member in which a sliding member is provided with a ball, and a guide shaft separation to prevent the ball from being achieved from the sliding structure. The linear guide of the present invention has a plurality of balls, a plurality of the guide shafts disposed along the longitudinal direction, and the guide grooves are provided so as to face the guide shafts, and can follow the guide members in accordance with the circulation of the balls. The track groove includes a load-free passage portion that is disposed to be guided and that allows the ball to be loaded in a load load state, and that is disposed in parallel with the load passage portion and that is rolled in the above-described state. The connecting portion is connected to allow the balls to travel to and from the switching passage portion. The width of the opening is set to be smaller than the diameter of the ball over the entire circumference of the track groove. According to the linear guide device of the present invention, the rail shaft is disposed on the sliding member in such a manner that the opening width is set to be smaller than the total diameter of the rail groove, so that even after the sliding member and the guide shaft are separated, The channel groove is detached. Therefore, it is possible to work on the shaft without using, for example, a conveyance guide shaft and a sliding member. The purpose of the operation is not only to be simple, but also to cause the sliding member to fall off. The guiding device comprises: a ball-rolling groove of the ball, and a ball-axis of the ball that is freely movable. The rolling groove of the sliding shaft is opposite to the rolling-in load-bearing ball. The ball guides the direction of the unloaded passage portion and the unloaded pair. The opening groove of the shaft is such that the groove around the opening of the guide guide shaft can separate the guide shaft 200925450 from the sliding member than the straight ball of the ball, so that the track groove can be used for the infinite cycle of the ball. The operation of the linear guide device becomes easy. In the present invention, in consideration of productivity in producing the sliding member, the sliding member preferably includes a sliding member base including the load passage portion and the unloaded passage portion, and includes the direction changing passage portion and is fixed to the sliding member. An end plate of one of the opposite ends of the base. The sliding member can also be formed of a single metal block, and the orbital groove can be formed by cutting, grinding, or electric discharge machining of the metal block. However, since the track groove has to be set to have a smaller opening width toward the guide shaft than the diameter of the ball over its entire circumference, the machining is laborious and laborious in the case of using a machining method such as cutting or grinding. There is a flaw in productivity. In this regard, as described above, when the sliding member is divided into the sliding member base portion and the end plate, the load passage portion and the unloaded passage portion of the sliding member base portion form a linear passage in the track groove. Therefore, the sliding member base has the same sectional G-plane shape in the axial direction of the guide shaft. Therefore, the sliding member base portion can be produced by wire-cut electrical discharge machining, drawing processing, forging processing, or the like, and the sliding member base portion can include the load passage portion and the unloaded passage portion, and can be easily produced by the above-described processing method. The opening width is set to be smaller than the ball diameter and the load passage portion and the no-load passage portion. On the other hand, although the direction change passage portion of the end plate is a curved passage, since the balls are rolled in the load-free state in the direction change passage portion, the end plate can be formed by using a mold (synthesis) Produced by injection molding of a resin, etc., and productivity can be improved. 200925450 As a method of providing the end plate with a direction changing passage portion (the opening width toward the guide shaft is smaller than the ball diameter), the end plate can be divided into two members to be produced, and the same can be combined to form an opening width limited. Direction conversion path section. However, from the viewpoint of making the end plate more simply, it is preferable that the opening edge of the groove formed in the end plate and the sliding member are used as the direction changing passage portion when the end plate is fixed to the end surface of the base portion of the sliding member. The end faces of the base portion face each other, and the direction of the transition path portion Q is smaller than the diameter of the ball by the cooperative action of the two. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, a linear guide device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Figs. 1 and 2 show the first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a ball stud device (a type of linear guide device). The ball-and-bolt device includes a bolt-and-groove shaft 1' having a substantially cylindrical cross section and a substantially cylindrical shape, and a plurality of balls 3 are assembled to the nut member 2 of the bolt shaft 1. The nut member 2 is reciprocally movable around the pinch shaft 1 in the axial direction. The pinch shaft 1 corresponds to a guide shaft of the present invention, and the nut member 3 corresponds to a sliding member of the present invention. Further, the nut member 2 includes a metal nut body 4 and an end plate 5 which is bolted to one of the opposite ends of the nut body 4 in the axial direction. The nut body 4 described above corresponds to the base of the sliding member of the present invention. Further, in Fig. 1, in order to show the internal structure of the nut member, the state in which one end plate is removed from the nut body is shown. On the outer circumferential surface of the bolt shaft 1, four rolling grooves 10 of the above-mentioned -9-200925450 balls 3 are formed in the axial direction, and the balls 3 are rolled in the rolling groove 10, in the nut The load is loaded between the member 2 and the pinch shaft 1. The shape of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of each of the rolling grooves 10 is an arc shape, that is, a shape formed by a single circular arc whose curvature is slightly larger than the curvature of the ball spherical surface. The rolling groove 10 includes a rolling groove 10a for loading the load when the nut member 2 is rotated around the bolt shaft 1 in the direction of the arrow A, and a groove for the nut member 2 in the direction of the arrow B. When the rotation of the shaft 1 is around, the rolling load groove 10b of the load load is formed, and the adjacent rolling groove l〇a and the rolling groove l〇b become grooves, so that the outer circumferential surface of the bolt shaft 1 is A plurality of grooves are formed at equal intervals. Thereby, the transmission of torque between the nut member 2 and the pinch shaft 1 can be performed. In the ball-and-groove device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the groove groove 10 is formed by forming four grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the pinch shaft 1, but it is also possible to form three grooves or four grooves. The groove of the groove 8 is rolled into the groove 1 〇. On the other hand, the nut body 4 and the end plate 5 constituting the nut member 2 have through holes through which the pin shaft 1 is inserted. Further, the formation of the key groove ' on the outer peripheral surface of the nut ® body 4 can be utilized when the nut member 2 is attached to the mechanical device. The nut member 2' composed of the nut body 4 and the pair of end plates 5 as described above has an orbital groove 30 as an infinite circulation path of the balls 3 on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole facing the pinch shaft. The track groove 30 includes a load passage portion 31 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the nut body 4 so as to face the rolling groove 10 of the bolt shaft 1, and is spaced apart from the load passage portion 31 by a slight interval. The load-free passage portion 32 formed in the inner peripheral surface of the nut body 4 in a parallel manner, between the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32, allows the ball to be rotated in the direction of the wheel - 10, 2009, 25, and the ball 3 is rotated. The passage portion 33 is formed in the direction between the grooves. The direction change path portion 33 is formed in the end plate 5 described above. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion of the track groove 30 in detail. The load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 are substantially cylindrical straight passages ” having an inner diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the balls 3, and include slit-shaped openings that open toward the plug shaft 1. Inside the load φ passage portion 31, a load rolling groove 31a is formed at a position facing the rolling groove 10 of the bolt shaft. The balls are in contact with both the load rolling groove 31a and the rolling groove 10 of the pinch shaft 1, and are rolled in the inside of the load passage portion 31 with a load load therebetween. The cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the load rolling groove 31a' is formed in an arc shape similarly to the rolling groove 1' of the pinch shaft 1. Since the four grooved grooves 1 are formed in the pinch shaft 1, the balls 3 and the respective roll-in grooves 1 of the pinch shaft 1 or the respective load-rolling grooves 31a of the nut member 2 are in contact with each other in the pin groove. The circumferential direction of the shaft 1 is offset from each other by 90 degrees. Thereby, the nut member 2 can reciprocate along the pinch shaft 1 in a state in which the load acts on various loads other than the axial direction of the pinch shaft 1. Further, as will be described in detail below, the direction changing passage portion 33 is also opened toward the pinch shaft 1. Therefore, the track groove 30 composed of the load passage portion 31, the unloaded passage portion 32, and the direction change passage portion 33 is opened to the bolt groove shaft 1 in the entire region, and the balls 3 arranged in the track groove 30 are oriented toward the bolt. The state of the slot shaft 1 circulates in the infinite loop path 30. Fig. 4 shows a state in which the aforementioned track groove 30 is unfolded on a plane. The direction change passage portion 33 has a substantially U-shaped rail for connecting the load passage portion -11 - 200925450 31 and the no-load passage portion 32 to be rolled in along the inside of the load passage portion 31 in a load load state. The ball 3 releases the load 'and gradually changes the rolling direction of the ball 3, and is sent to the unloaded passage portion 32 after the direction is shifted by 180 degrees. The direction changing passage portion 33 is formed so that the connection portion with the load passage portion 31 is the shallowest and the connection portion with the non-load passage portion 32 is the deepest. When the direction change passage portion 33 is gradually deepened, the ball 3 that has been rolled in along the load passage portion 31 enters the direction of the transition passage portion 33'. The ball 3 is released from the load and becomes in a no-load state, and is then in the direction change passage portion 33. The unloaded passage portion 32 travels and enters the unloaded passage portion 32 in this state. If the nut member 2 moves along the pinch shaft 1, the balls 3 held between the rolling groove 10 of the pinch shaft 1 and the load rolling groove 3U of the nut member 2, that is, the load passage portion 31 are present. The ball 3 moves along the inside of the load passage portion 31 at a speed of 0.5 V (half the moving speed v of the nut member 2 with respect to the bolt groove axis). When the ball 3 that has rolled in the inside of the load passage portion 31 reaches the direction change passage portion 33, the depth of the direction change passage portion 33 gradually becomes deeper as described above, and the load is gradually released. The ball 3 after the load is released is pushed by the subsequent balls 3 to travel in the rolling groove 1 of the pinch shaft 1, but the direction changing passage portion 33 blocks the rolling of the balls 3 that are rolled into the groove 10' The traveling direction of the ball 3 is forcibly changed, so that the ball 3 is pushed by the direction changing passage portion 33 to the side of the rolling groove 1 ,, and climbs up the spigot shaft 1 along the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the spigot shaft 1. The outer perimeter. Thereby, the ball 3 is completely separated from the rolling groove 1 of the bolt shaft 1, and is completely accommodated in the direction changing passage portion 33 of the nut member 2. -12-200925450 The direction change passage portion 33 which is developed on the plane has a substantially U-shaped rail, and the rolling direction of the balls 3 accommodated in the direction change passage portion 33 can be reversed, and then enters the slot shaft 1 The outer peripheral surface faces the unloaded passage portion 32 of the nut member 2. Further, the ball 3 traveling in the unloaded passage portion 32 enters the direction changing passage portion 33 on the opposite side, and once again, the rolling direction is reversed, and the rolling groove 10 of the bolt shaft 1 and the nut member 2 are entered. The load is rolled into the groove 31a, that is, into the load passage portion 〇31. At this time, the ball 3 enters the rolling groove 10 along the outer peripheral surface shape of the pinch shaft 1, and gradually shifts from the no-load state to the load load as the direction changing passage portion 33 gradually becomes shallow. The balls 3 are circulated in the track grooves 30 of the nut member 2 in this manner, so that the nut members 2 are continuously and continuously moved along the pinch shaft 1. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the shape of the axial end surface 43 of the nut body 4, and the state in which the load passage portion 31 and the load-free passage portion 32 are formed on the nut body 4 can be observed. As shown in the figure, the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 constituting the track groove 30 are inner circumferential surfaces formed in the through holes of the nut body 4, and are respectively penetrated through the slit-like openings 31b and 3 2a. It is connected to the through hole of the nut body 4, and is in a state of being opened toward the bolt shaft 1 inserted through the through hole. The balls that are rolled in inside the load passage portion 31 are in contact with the rolling groove 10 of the bolt shaft 1 via the opening portion 31b. The opening width d1 of the opening portion 31b and the opening width d2 of the opening portion 32a are set to be smaller than the diameter of the ball 3, even in a state where the nut member-13-200925450 2 is removed from the pinch shaft 1. The balls 3 that are rolled in the load passage portion 31 or the unloaded passage portion 32 are not detached from the nut member 2 through the openings 31b and 32b. Since the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 are provided over the entire length of the nut body 4 in the axial direction, the nut body 4 has substantially the same cross-sectional shape over the entire length in the axial direction. Therefore, the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the nut body 4 including the load passage portion 31 @ and the unloaded passage portion 32 can be formed by wire-cut electrical discharge machining. In the load rolling groove 31a provided in the load passage portion 31, in order to improve the surface roughness, the electric discharge machining can be performed after the electric discharge machining is performed. Of course, in the case where the inner diameter of the through hole of the nut body 4 is sufficiently large, the wire-cut electric discharge machining is not employed, and the cylindrical nut body 4 having the uniform inner circumferential surface is subjected to drawing processing and cutting. The load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 may be formed by machining or grinding. On the other hand, the direction changing passage portion 33 constituting the track groove 30 is formed in the end plate 5 by φ. The figure is a perspective view of the end plate 5 as seen from the side of the nut body 4. The inner circumferential surface of the through hole of the end plate 5 is formed with a direction changing groove 34, and a sealing projection 50 which faces the rolling groove of the bolt shaft 1 with a slight gap therebetween is formed. The entire area of the direction changing groove 34 is opened toward the end surface 43 of the nut body 4, and the end surface of the nut body 4 which is finished into a flat surface is fitted to each other to constitute the direction changing passage portion 33 of the track groove 30. Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the end plate 5, the entry and exit groove 51' which is formed in the key groove of the nut body 4, even in the state of 14 - 200925450 which fixes the end plate 5 to the nut body 4, enables the key to be The axial direction of the nut member 2 slides into the key groove of the nut body 4. Further, a positioning boss 52 for positioning the nut body 4 is protruded from the end plate 5, and the end plate can be fitted to the reference hole 4 1 ' of the nut body 4 by the boss 52. 5 is correctly positioned on the nut body 4, and the direction changing groove 34 on the end plate 5 side and the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 on the nut body 4 side are correctly coupled. Since the end plate 5 has a complicated shape, it can be produced by © injection molding of synthetic resin. In addition to the above production methods, metal injection molding (MIM molding) can also be employed. Further, as long as the outer diameter of the pin shaft is large enough to increase the size of the end plate, it may be formed by cutting. In this manner, the direction changing passage portion 33 constituting the track groove 30 is formed by the cooperation of the direction changing groove 34 of the end plate 5 and the end surface 43 of the nut body 4, so that the ball 3 faces the nut body 4. The state of the end surface 43 is rolled in the direction switching passage portion 33. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 5, the inner guide curved surface 45 is formed at the opening edge of the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 of the end surface 43 of the nut body, whereby the ball 3 is in the load passage portion 31 or When the non-load passage portion 32 and the direction change passage portion 33 are reciprocated, the opening edges of the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 can be prevented from being caught, and the spherical surface of the balls 3 can be prevented from being injured. The inner guide curved surface 45 is composed of two continuous curved surfaces 45a and 45b, and the curved surfaces 45a and 45b are the opening edges of the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 of the end surface 43 of the nut body 4. It is formed by performing a chamfer. Fig. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which the end plate 5 is attached to the end surface 43 of the nut body 4, and the inner circumference of the nut member 2 is viewed from the direction of the arrow C in Fig. 3 - -15 - 200925450. The look of the face. As shown in Fig. 7, the direction changing passage portion 33 includes an opening portion 33a facing the inner peripheral surface of the nut member 2, and the balls 3 are rolled in the direction changing passage portion 33 in a state facing the pinch shaft 1. As described above, the direction changing passage portion 33 is formed by the cooperation of the direction changing groove 34 of the end plate 5 and the end surface 43 of the nut body 4, and the opening portion 33a is formed by the peripheral portion of the direction changing groove 34. 34a (shown in Fig. 6) is formed opposite to the edge portion © 43 a (shown in Fig. 5) of the end face 43 of the nut body. The opening width d3 of the opening 33a is set to be smaller than the diameter of the ball 3, similarly to the opening width d1 of the load passage portion 31 and the opening width d2 of the unloaded passage portion 32, so even when the nut member 2 is In the state removed from the pinch shaft 1, the balls 3 rolled in the direction changing passage portion 33 do not fall off the nut member 2 through the opening portion 33a. In the nut member 2, the track groove 30 for infinitely circulating the balls 3 is formed to face the pinch shaft 1, but the load passage portion 31 and the unloaded passage portion 32 which constitute the rail groove 30 are formed. Further, the opening width of the direction changing passage portion 33 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the ball 3, so that even if the pinch shaft 1 and the nut member 2 are separated from each other, the balls 3 rolled inside the passages are not caused by the track grooves 30. Fall off. Therefore, the operation of the ball stud device 'on the handling of the conveyance and the pinch shaft becomes very easy. Further, with respect to the structure for preventing the ball 3 from coming off the track groove 30, since it is realized only by the nut body 4 and the pair of end plates 5, this effect can be obtained with an extremely simple structure, and can be achieved at low cost. A ball hitch device excellent in operability is realized. In particular, the opening 33a of the direction changing passage portion 33 is formed by the cooperation of the direction changing groove 34 of the end plate 5 and the end surface 43 of the nut body 4, and the opening portion is used by the cooperative operation. The opening width d3 of the 33a is set to be smaller than the diameter of the ball 3, so that it is easy to prevent the falling of the balls 3 by adjusting the groove depth of the direction changing groove 34 of the end plate 5. Therefore, the simplification of the shape of the end plate 5 constituting the direction changing passage portion 33 can be achieved, and the ball stud Q-slot device excellent in operability can be realized at a low cost. Next, a second embodiment of a ball stud shaft apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described. First, Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the ball stud shaft apparatus of the second embodiment. In the first embodiment described above, the opening width of the direction changing passage portion 33 is set to be smaller than the ball diameter by the cooperation of the end plate 5 and the nut body 4. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the end plate 5 is divided into the first plate 6 and the second plate 7, and the direction changing passage portion 33 whose opening width is restricted is formed by combining these. The other structures are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the eighth embodiment, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the first plate 6 not shown. On the inner peripheral surface of the through hole of the first plate 6, a guide groove 60 corresponding to the outer side of each of the track grooves 30 is formed, and a ball rolling surface 1 of the pinch shaft 1 is formed with a slight gap therebetween. 0 seals the projection 61 relative thereto. The outer guide groove 60 has a peripheral portion 60a that faces the pin shaft. Further, in order to accommodate the sheet holding portion of the second plate 7 to be described later, a receiving groove -17-200925450 is formed on the outer side of each of the outer guiding grooves 60 in the radial direction. Further, in the first plate 6, a pair of bosses 6 4 are protruded for positioning with respect to the nut body 4. Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing the first plate 6 and the second plate 7 constituting the end plates. Four sheet holding portions 62 are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the second plate 7, and an inner guiding piece 65 is protruded from the inner side in the radial direction of the sheet holding portion 62. The inner side guide piece 65 includes an edge portion 65a that faces the peripheral edge portion 60a of the outer side guide groove 60 of the first plate 6. In the second plate, a stud insertion portion 66 corresponding to the boss 64 of the first plate 6 is formed. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the end plate 5 in which the first plate 6 and the second plate 7 are combined. If the first plate 6 and the second plate 7 are combined, the sheet holding portion 62 of the second plate 7 is fitted into the receiving groove 63 of the first plate 6, and the inner guiding piece 65 of the second plate 7 is located at the foregoing The central portion of the outer guide groove 6A of one plate 6 constitutes a substantially U-shaped direction changing passage portion 33. As shown in the figure, the direction changing passage portion 33 is opened toward the bolt shaft 1, and the balls 3 are rolled in the direction changing passage portion 33 in a state facing the bolt shaft 1. Further, as described above, the positioning boss 64 for positioning the nut body 4 is protruded from the first plate 6, and the boss insertion portion 66 is provided in the second plate 7. By inserting the stud 64 into the stud insertion portion 66 to correctly position the inner guide piece 65 to the outer guide groove 60 of the first plate 6, the accuracy of the direction changing passage portion 33 can be improved. . Further, by fitting the boss 64 projecting from the second plate 7 to the reference hole provided in the nut body 4, the completed end plate 5 can be correctly positioned on the nut body 4. In other words, the end portion of the direction change passage portion 33 and the load passage portion -18-200925450 31 of the nut body 4 and the unloaded passage portion 32 can be correctly connected. Fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which the first plate 6 and the second plate 7 are attached to the nut body 4. As shown in the figure, the direction changing passage portion 33 is provided with an opening portion 33a facing the inner peripheral surface of the nut member 2, and the balls 3 are rolled in the direction changing passage portion 33 in a state facing the pinch shaft 1. As described above, the direction change passage portion 33 is formed by the cooperative action φ of the outer guide groove 60 of the first 6 and the inner guide piece 65 of the second plate 7, and the opening portion 3 3 a is made by The peripheral edge portion 60a of the outer guide groove 60 of the first plate 6 and the edge portion 65a of the inner guide piece 65 of the second plate 7 are formed to face each other. Similarly to the first embodiment, the opening width d3 of the opening 33a is set to be smaller than the diameter of the ball 3, similarly to the opening width d1 of the load passage portion 31 and the opening width d2 of the unloaded passage portion 32. Therefore, even in a state where the nut member 2 is removed from the pinch shaft 1, the balls 3 rolled in the direction changing passage portion 33 do not fall off the nut φ member 2 through the opening portion 33a. The first plate 6 and the second plate 7 are formed in a complicated shape as in the first embodiment, and can be produced by injection molding of a synthetic resin. In addition, metal injection molding (MIM forming) can also be used. Further, as long as the outer diameter of the bolt shaft is large enough to increase the size of the end plate, it can be formed by cutting. In the above description, the present invention will be described in detail by way of an example in which a ball screw groove device (a nut member as a sliding member is assembled as a pin groove shaft as a guide shaft). However, the application of the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, It can be applied to the -19-200925450 linear guide (moving block assembled as a sliding member in a rail mounted on a fixed part such as a machine tool or a rack) ° [Simplified illustration] Fig. 1 shows the application of the present invention A partially exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the ball stud device (linear guide device). Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ball-and-groove device shown in Fig. 1 perpendicular to the axial direction 0. Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing in detail a load passage portion and a no-load passage portion formed in the nut body of the first embodiment. Fig. 4 is a view showing a state in which the rail grooves provided in the nut member of the first embodiment are unfolded on a plane. Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing a state in which a load passage portion and a no-load passage portion are formed in a nut body according to the first embodiment. Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing the end plate constituting the nut member of the first embodiment. Figure 7 is a view of the arrow C of Figure 3. Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the ball-and-groove device of the second embodiment. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the first plate constituting the end plate of the second embodiment. Fig. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing the end plate of the second embodiment. Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the end plate of the second embodiment. Fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the ball-and-groove device of the second embodiment in parallel with the direction of the shaft -20-200925450. [Description of main component symbols] 1 : Guide shaft (bolt shaft) 2 : Nut member 3 : Ball 4 : Nut body © 5 : End plate 6 : First plate 7 : Second plate 10 , 10a , 10b : Roll Inlet groove 30: Track groove 3 1 : Load path portion 31 a : Load rolling groove 3 lb, 32a : Opening G 3 2 : No load passage portion 3 3 : Direction change passage portion 3 3 a : Opening portion 3 4 : Direction conversion Groove 3 4 a : peripheral portion 43 : end surface 43 a : edge portion 45 : inner guide curved surface 45 a , 45 b : curved surface 200925450 ❹ : sealing projection: access groove: positioning projection = outer guide groove a : peripheral portion: seal Projection = sheet holding portion: receiving groove: stud = inner guide piece a = edge portion: stud insertion portion - 22 -