TW200912229A - Process and apparatus for low-temperature air fractionation - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for low-temperature air fractionation Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200912229A
TW200912229A TW097118441A TW97118441A TW200912229A TW 200912229 A TW200912229 A TW 200912229A TW 097118441 A TW097118441 A TW 097118441A TW 97118441 A TW97118441 A TW 97118441A TW 200912229 A TW200912229 A TW 200912229A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
single column
pure oxygen
residual fraction
column
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Application number
TW097118441A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Lochner
Michael Lauter
Original Assignee
Linde Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Ag filed Critical Linde Ag
Publication of TW200912229A publication Critical patent/TW200912229A/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F25J3/0426—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/0443—A main column system not otherwise provided, e.g. a modified double column flowsheet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution
    • F25J2200/94—Details relating to the withdrawal point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/56—Ultra high purity oxygen, i.e. generally more than 99,9% O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/50—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components from oxygen, e.g. N2, Ar
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Description

200912229 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 根據申請專利範圍第1項中預 明係關於低溫空氣分餾之方法。 【先前技術】 此型的方法由歐洲807 792 B1 請案1 1 /676,77 3所揭示，其中，除 物以外’亦可獲得純氧作爲產物， 物流萃取成爲液態並自該方法移出 經濟方法僅容許獲得相對小產物數 量的1至2% 。經常使用此類設備 導體製造之氮；其中，除去氮以外 量位於前述產物數量之上。 【發明內容】 因此，本發明係基於開始時所 及相關設備，其可產生相當大量之 此目的係藉由將純氧產物流， 輸入空氣進行蒸發和溫熱，最後獲 原則上，此步驟被稱爲雙柱方 如果欲在壓力下獲得氣態產物，使 壓縮（外部壓縮）之替代。 然而，本發明的目的是不同： 是用來回收包含在所萃取之呈液體 液化冷卻能量。這是因爲’它已蒸 敘述特性之子句，本發 和20.02.2007的美國申 去來自單柱程序之氮產 其中將氧產物自純氧產 。然而，此本質上非常 量之氧，大約爲空氣數 來供應電子工業用於半 ，經常需要之純氧的數 述及型式的方法之目的 純氧產物在其中。 相對於主熱交換器中之 得氣態產物而達成。 法中之"內部壓縮〃。 用此步驟作爲氣態產物 此處使用產物蒸發主要 形式的純氧產物流中的 發由設備的冷凍性能予 200912229 以形成之氧產物的數量中之極限因數。本發明的情況中， 將在所習知方法中隨著氧產物排掉的液化冷卻能量，轉移 至輸入空氣或至主熱交換器中輸入空氣的部分流而因此， 依然可利用於該方法（通常交換損失除外）。 “主熱交換器”較佳由單熱交換區塊形成。較大設備 的情況中，關於溫度之過程，藉複數的平行連接之流且係 由彼此分離之組件所形成者作爲主熱交換器可能便利。原 則上，主熱交換器或此等流的每一者可能由串聯連接之兩 或多區塊來形成。 此處術語“蒸發”包括在超臨界壓力下之假蒸發。因 此，將純氧產物流引入主熱交換器中之壓力，亦可位於臨 界壓力之上，熱交換介質的壓力同樣可能，使純氧產物流 (假）冷凝。 如果需要氧在增加壓力下之部位上，此增加壓力位於 純氧柱的操作壓力之上，如果使液態之純氧產物流處於增 加壓力之狀態係有利。其結果是，本發明的範圍以內，可 免除溫熱氧壓縮器或至少設計成爲相當小者。 如果將第一殘留餾份的再壓縮藉冷壓縮器來實施亦屬 有利。此處，冷壓縮器係指使用低於200 K的進口溫度所操 作之壓縮器，較佳低於150K，特佳在90至120K之間。 本發明的進一步改良中，將第二殘留餾份自單柱的下 部區域移出並在減壓機中減壓，提供功，將在減壓提供功 期間所產生之機械能至少在一定程度上用來將第一殘留餾 份再壓縮。機械能的轉移至再壓縮器較佳以機械方式來進 200912229 行，例如經由減壓機和再壓縮器的共用軸。特別，當將再 壓縮器建造成爲冷壓縮器時，較佳，由減壓機所產生機械 能僅部分的轉移至再壓縮器；其餘者通至溫制動裝置，例 如制動鼓風機，起動器或散逸制動器。 本發明的進一步改良中，單柱具有頂部冷凝器，將來 自單柱的上部區域之蒸汽在其中至少部分地冷凝，在其再 壓縮前，將第一殘留餾份在頂部冷凝器中至少部分地蒸發 及/或在第二殘留餾份提供功之減壓前，在頂部冷凝器中至 少部分地蒸發。 將頂部冷凝器中所獲得之至少一些冷凝液卸至單柱作 爲回流。如果兩殘留餾份來具有相同組成，可將彼等共同 導引通過頂部冷凝器。然而，較佳，將彼等導入頂部冷凝 器的分開通道中，特別如果彼等具有不同組成。 如果將第二殘留餾份在單柱的底部引出，亦屬有利。 原則上，可將第一殘留餾份連同第二殘留餾份自單柱 引，例如在底部引出（EP 4 1 2793 B2)。然而，在許多情況 中，如果第一殘留餾份具有較第二殘留餾份更高之氮含 量，此方式更便利。因此，將第一殘留餾份自單柱的中間 點引出，該中間點係配置在筒於底部’特別尚於移出第二 殘留餾份之點。然後將兩殘留餾份在頂部冷凝器中分開蒸 發，並各自餵供至再壓縮器實行減壓而提供功。 此外，根據申請專利範圍第8項，本發明係關於低溫 空氣分餾之設備。 200912229 【實施方式】 本發明及發明之進一步細節將使用圖示中示意舉例說 明之例示實施例予以更詳細解釋如下。 將大氣空氣1利用空氣壓縮器3經由過濾器2吸入並 在其中壓縮至6至20巴之絕對壓力，較佳約9巴。在流，經 再冷卻器4和水分離器5後，將壓縮空氣6在純化裝置7 中純化，純化裝置7具有塡充以吸附材料（較佳爲分子宫芾） 之一對的容器。將純化空氣8在主熱交換器9中冷卻至約 露點並予以部分液化。將冷卻空氣1 0的第一部份1丨經由 節流閥5 1引入單柱1 2中。進行進料較佳至高於底部之少 數實務或理論板。 單柱1 2的操作壓力（在頂部）是6至2 0巴，較佳約9 巴。將其頂部冷凝器使用第一殘留餾份1 8和第二殘留離份 14冷卻。將第二殘留餾份14自單柱12之底部引出，第― 殘留餾份1 8自中間點’空氣進料上方之一些實務或理論板 (或在與後者相同高度）引出。 將氣態氮1 5，1 6自單柱1 2的頂部引出作爲主要產物， 將彼等在主熱交換器9中溫熱至大致周圍溫度及最後以氣 態加壓之產物（P G A N )經由管線1 7引出。可將來自頂部 冷凝器13之冷凝液52的部分53獲得爲液體氮產物 (PLIN );將其餘者54卸至單柱之頂部成爲回流。 將第一殘留餾份18在2至9巴之壓力下，較佳約4巴， 在頂部冷凝器1 3中蒸發’並以氣態形式經由管線2 9流動 至冷凝器30，將它在其中再壓縮至大致單柱的操作壓力。 -9- 200912229 將再壓縮之殘留餾份31在主熱交換器9中再冷卻至柱溫並 最後再經由管線3 2供應至單柱1 2之底部。 將第二殘留餾份14在2至9巴之壓力下在頂凝器13 中蒸發（較佳在約4巴），並以氣態形式經由管線1 9流動至 主熱交換器9的冷端。自後者，將它在中間溫度時再移出 管線20 )並減壓至高於大氣壓約3 00mbar，提供功在減壓 機2 1中，該實例中，將它形成爲渦輪膨脹機。將該減壓機 機械上偶合至冷壓縮器3 0和制動裝置2 2，在例示之實例 r' k 中，它係由充油之制動器所形成。將減壓之第二殘留餾份 23在主熱交換器9中溫熱至約周圍溫度。將溫熱之第二殘 留餾份24吹送入大氣（管線25 )中及/或使用作爲純化裝 置7中之再生氣體26,27，若適當，接著在加熱裝置28中 力口熱。 將含氧流36(其主體上不含低揮發性污染物）以液態形 式自單柱1 2之中間點引出，配置此中間點在空氣進料上方 5至25個理論或實務板。如適當，將該含氧流3 6在純氧柱 {. 38的底部蒸發器37中超冷卻並經由管線39和節流閥40 卸至純氧柱3 8之頂部。純氧柱3 8之操作壓力（在頂部） 是1.3至4巴，較佳約2.5巴。 將純氧柱38之底部蒸發器37藉冷卻之輸入空氣1〇的 第二部分42額外的冷卻。此情況中，輸入空氣流42至少 部分地冷凝（例如完全冷凝），且經由管線4 3流至單柱1 2 ’ 在其中，將它引入大致在其他輸入空氣11的進料之高度。 自純氧柱3 8之底部將純氧產物流41以液體狀態移 -10- 200912229 出’藉泵55升至2至100巴的增加壓力，較佳約12巴， 經由管線56導引至主熱交換器9的冷端，在其中在增加之 壓力下蒸發並加熱至大致周圍溫度，最後經由管線57獲得 爲氣態產物（GOX-IC)。 將來自純氧柱3 8的頂氣5 8與減壓之第二殘留餾份23 混合。如果適當’將部分的輸入空氣經由旁通管線5 9引導 至冷凝器30的進口，爲的是防止後者抽泵（抗波動控制）。 若需要’可將液氧在泵55的上游及/或下游（圖式中 " 未予舉例說明）自設備中移出成爲液體產物。另外，可將 來自液體槽之外部液體，例如液氬，液氮或液氧在主熱交 換器9中蒸發與輸入空氣進行間接熱交換（圖式中未予舉 例說明）。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖爲實施例之圖示。 【元件符號說明】 8,11 輸入空氣 9 主熱交換器 12 單柱 15,16 氣態氮 18 第一殘留餾 30 冷卻壓縮器 32 管線 36 含氧流 38 純氧柱 -11- 200912229
4 1 14 2 1 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11
40,5 1 PGAN 25,20,19,32,17,29,39,43,56,57 53 52
PLIN 54 3 1 22 23 純氧產物流 第二殘留餾份 減壓機 頂部冷凝器 大氣空氣 過濾器 空氣壓縮器 再冷卻器 水分離器 壓縮空氣 純化裝置 純化空氣 冷卻空氣 冷卻空氣之第一部分 節流閥 氣體加壓產物 管線 部分的冷凝液 冷凝液 液氮產物 其餘的冷凝液 再壓縮之殘留餾份 制動裝置 減壓之第二殘留餾份 -12- 200912229 24 26,27 28 37 42 55 58 59 溫第二殘留餾份 再生氣體 加熱裝置 底部蒸發器 輸入空氣流 泵 頂部氣體 旁通管線
-13-

Claims (1)

  1. 200912229 十、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種低溫空氣分餾之方法，其中 一將輸入空氣（8)在主要熱交換器（9)中冷卻並引入 單柱（1 2 )中以便獲得氮（1 1，4 3 )， —將氮產物流（15,16,17 )自單柱（12 )的上部區域中 移出， —將第一殘留餾份（18,29)自單柱（12)的下部或中央 區域移出，再壓縮（30)然後再自（32)進料至單柱 f K ( 12)- 一將含氧流（3 6 )自單柱（1 2 ).之中間點移出並進料至 純氧柱（3 8 ) ， （ 3 9 )及 —將呈液態之純氧產物流（4 1 )自純氧柱（3 8 )的下部 區域移出， 其特徵爲 一將純氧產物流（41,56)相對於主熱父換益（9)中之 ， 輸入空氣（8 )進行蒸發和溫熱’ 一最後獲得成爲氣體產物（57) ° 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中使液態之純氧產物 流（41)接受增加之壓力（55)下。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法’其中第一殘留餾份 (18,29)的再壓縮（30)係藉冷凝器予以實施。 4.如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法，其中將第 二殘留餾份（14,19)自單柱（12)的下部區域移出並在 減壓機（2 1 )中減壓，提供功’將在減壓提供功期間所 -14- 200912229 產生之機械能至少在一定程度上用來再壓縮第一殘留 餾份。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之方法，其中單柱 (12)具有頂部冷凝器（13)，將來自單柱上部區域之 蒸汽在其中至少部分地冷凝，在其再壓縮（30 )前，將 第一殘留餾份（1 8 )在頂部冷凝器中至少部分地蒸發及 /或在其減壓提供功（2 1 )前，將第二殘留餾份（1 4 )至 少部分地蒸發。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之方法，其中將第 二殘留餾份（1 4 )在單柱（12 )之底部引出。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之方法，其中將第 一殘留餾份（1 8 )自單柱（1 2 )的中間點引出，該中間 點係配置在高於底部，特別高於移出第二殘留餾份（1 4 ) 之點。 8 . —種低溫空氣分餾之設備，具有： —一主熱交換器（9)用來冷卻輸入空氣（8)， —設備（11，43)用來將冷卻之輸入空氣引入單柱（12) 中以便獲得氮， -氮產物管線（1 5，1 6，1 7 )，將它連接至單柱（1 2 )之 上部區域， —第一殘留餾份管線（18,29,31，32)，用來自單柱（12) 的底部，或中央區移出第一殘留餾份，其係通過再壓 縮器（30 )隨後再連接至單柱（12 )， —設備用來自單柱（12)之中間點移出含氧流（36,39) -15- 200912229 及用來將其引入純氧柱（3 8 )中，並具有 一純氧產物管線（4 1 ,5 6 )用來自純氧柱（3 8 )的下部區 域移出呈液態之純氧產物流， 其特徵爲= 一將純氧產物管線（4 1，5 6 )連接至主熱交換器（9 )， 及 -該設備具有氣體產物管線（57)用來自主熱交換器（9) 移出氣態純氧產物。 9.如申請專利範圍第8項之設備，其中將用來於液態增加 壓力之設備（5 5 )配置在純氧產物管線（4 1，5 6 )。 1 0.如申請專利範圍第8或9項之設備，其中將再壓縮器 (3 0 )建構成冷壓縮器。 -16-
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EP1995537A3 (de) 2009-04-15
CN101311653A (zh) 2008-11-26
EP1995537A2 (de) 2008-11-26
KR20080103474A (ko) 2008-11-27
US20080289362A1 (en) 2008-11-27
DE102007024168A1 (de) 2008-11-27

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