TW200906035A - Switching mode power supply - Google Patents

Abstract

A switching mode power supply comprises a switching mode voltage converter and a switch controller. The switching mode voltage converter receives a first voltage and converts the first voltage to a second voltage according to a switch control signal. The switch controller powered by a third voltage determines a maximum voltage value of the switch control signal to insure that the maximum voltage value is not equal to the first and third voltage and outputs the switch control signal.

Description

200906035 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於切換式電源供應器，尤其係關於決定切 換式電源供應器之開關控制信號之最大電壓值。 【先前技術】 切換式電源供應器係電源供應器的一種。切換式電源 / 供應器利用開關與開關控制信號控制欲轉換之電能大小， 並且配合電能儲存元件（例如電容或電感）將電能以一定 的電壓、電流形式呈現在切換式電源供應斋的輸出端。切 換式電源供應器可以進行直流-直流、直流-交流、交流-直 流、父流_父流等四種型式的電屋轉換。關於直流-直流形 式之電壓轉換，切換式電源供應器亦可對輸入電源進行升 壓或降壓。切換式電源供應器具有轉換效率高、體積小、 重量輕等優點，因而被廣泛地使用在各種電子裝置中。 I 切換式電源供應器之能量耗損會影響其轉換效率，其 中一能量耗損來自於不可避免的開關耗損（switching loss)。由於開關控制信號在驅動（開啟或關閉）開關時必 須先讓開關之寄生電容與雜散電容充分的充電或放電，才 能使驅動開關之電壓達到有效的驅動值，如此一來才能有 效的驅動開關。因此，開關控制信號對寄生電容與雜散電 容的充、放電就造成了開關損耗。我們可以推論開關耗損 將會正比於開關控制信號之最大電壓值。開關控制信號的 最大電壓值越大對寄生電容與雜散電容的充電量就越大，200906035 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a switched power supply, and more particularly to determining a maximum voltage value of a switching control signal of a switched power supply. [Prior Art] A switching power supply is a type of power supply. The switching power supply/supply uses the switch and the switch control signal to control the amount of power to be converted, and the electric energy storage element (such as a capacitor or an inductor) is used to present the electric energy to the output of the switched power supply at a certain voltage and current. The switching power supply can perform four types of electric house conversions such as DC-DC, DC-AC, AC-DC, and parent-flow-parent. For DC-DC voltage conversion, the switched power supply can also boost or step down the input supply. The switching power supply has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, small size, light weight, and the like, and thus is widely used in various electronic devices. I The energy loss of the switched power supply affects its conversion efficiency, where one energy loss comes from the inevitable switching loss. Since the switch control signal must first fully charge or discharge the parasitic capacitance and stray capacitance of the switch when driving (turning on or off) the switch, the voltage of the drive switch can reach the effective drive value, so that the switch can be effectively driven. . Therefore, the switching control signal causes switching loss due to charging and discharging of parasitic capacitance and stray capacitance. We can conclude that the switch loss will be proportional to the maximum voltage of the switch control signal. The larger the maximum voltage value of the switch control signal, the larger the charge amount of the parasitic capacitance and the stray capacitance.

Client's Docket No.； TT，s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmal/林璟輝/2007/07/10 5 200906035 開關耗損就越大。 =式電源供應器之另一能量耗損來自於開關導通 =導通電阻帶來的損耗。導通電阻越大，損耗就越大。 驅開關的也壓大小與開關導通時之導通電阻有某種程度 的關係。以金氧半電晶冑（_FET)為例，驅動金氧半 電晶體開啟的電壓（例如VgS)越大，導通電阻就越小。 然而當驅動電壓大到程度時’導通電&即不再改變。 此種現象，我們稱為開關之導通電阻飽和。因此，在考量 到開=損耗與導通電阻之後，將可設計出較佳的開關控制 信號電壓，或者說最大電壓值，以提高切換式電源供應器 的轉換效率。 然而，現今切換式電源供應器之開關控制信號之最大 電壓值係直接根據輸入電壓決定，或根據產生開關控制信 唬之開關控制器之電源電壓而決定，並未考量開關損耗與 導通電阻而特地設計較佳的開關控制信號的最大電壓值。 因此，需要對上述問題加以改進之切換式電源供應器。 【發明内容】 本發明之一態樣係一種切換式電源供應器。哕士 、 電源供應器包含一切換式電壓轉換器、—開關控= 奐式 該切換式電壓轉換器，接收一第一電壓，根據一盗。 信號轉換該第-電壓以輸出-第二電壓。該開關制 由一第三電壓供應電源，決定該開關控制信號之二印态， 壓值，使該最大電壓值不等於該第一、三電厣，、，，大電 開關控制信號。 土亚輪出該Client's Docket No.; TT,s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmal/林璟辉/2007/07/10 5 200906035 The switch consumes more. Another energy loss of the =-type power supply comes from the switch conduction = the loss caused by the on-resistance. The larger the on-resistance, the greater the loss. The magnitude of the voltage of the switch is also related to the on-resistance of the switch when it is turned on. Taking a gold-oxygen semiconductor wafer (_FET) as an example, the larger the voltage (for example, VgS) at which the MOS transistor is turned on, the smaller the on-resistance. However, when the driving voltage is large enough, the conduction is no longer changed. This phenomenon, we call the on-resistance saturation of the switch. Therefore, after considering the on-loss and on-resistance, a better switch control signal voltage, or maximum voltage value, can be designed to improve the conversion efficiency of the switched power supply. However, the maximum voltage value of the switching control signal of the switching power supply is determined directly according to the input voltage, or according to the power supply voltage of the switching controller that generates the switching control signal, and does not consider the switching loss and the on-resistance. Design the maximum voltage value of the preferred switch control signal. Therefore, there is a need for a switching power supply that improves the above problems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One aspect of the present invention is a switched power supply. The gentleman, the power supply includes a switching voltage converter, the switch control = 奂 the switching voltage converter receives a first voltage, according to a thief. The signal converts the first voltage to output a second voltage. The switch is controlled by a third voltage supply power source to determine a second printed state of the switch control signal, and the voltage value is such that the maximum voltage value is not equal to the first and third power, and the large power switch control signal. Tuya rounds out

Client's Docket No.： TT’s Docket N〇:〇975-A41240-TW/fmal/林璟輝/2007/07/10 6 200906035 【實施方式】 應器明之一實施例之-切換式電源供 換器no -門^應器100包含一切換式電壓轉 開關控制器120。 ^ 切換式電源供應器1〇〇將以輸入 輸入電源轉換成以輪出電壓v。形式；二， 切換式電壓轉換器11〇接收輸入電 電=出。該 控制作號> 1 亚根據一開關 電壓Vl以輸出該輸_v: 制120係由一電源電壓（ s〇〇 1 5 - 壓％調整開關控制信號Sc之責任^ 20根據輪出電 物開關控制信號SC的最權值:1:=，並且 源供應器之開關控制信號Sc之最大電切換式電 量開關損耗與導通^ 2 It電M V d d，並未考 s c的最大電壓值。如、，〗σ U十較佳的開關控制信號 或導通電阻損耗。D〜可能會造成較大的開關損耗 本貫施例考慮到開關控制信號s 則開關損耗越大;開關控靜號 ^取大琶屢值越大 電阻越小，作的取大電壓值越大導通 (所謂的導通值達一定程度時導通電阻不再變小 制信號SC之 關控制器嶋定開關控 入電壓V】與電源屋值。该最大電壓值不等於輸 關控制信號Se所 1:之門:=最大電壓值可為使該開 —。+ 開關之導通電祖犧和或非常 爪㈣_75韻赠财肖___ 200906035 接近飽和時之值。如此— 轉換效率。 末了相加切換式電源供應器之 第2A圖係該開闕控制器 々 器120包含一带茂触说 辄例。§亥開關控制 匕3电壓轉換器210。該電壓轉換哭 輸入電壓Vi，並將兮鈐λ +广 和寸吳即接收該 以心電屢Vl轉換為電源電摩Vdd 以提供έ亥開關控制哭I αα 120之另… 源。第2β圖係該開闕控制器 靶例。該開關控制器120亦可直 雜d以提供該開關控制器m 收电源電 第3圖係該切換式電壓轉換器n〇 換式電壓轉換哭η η片 j °亥切 -p型金？直流嶋換器，包含 雪;^ 、型金氧半電晶體32〇、— 電感330、一電容340。 ν π Η ^ f開關控制仏號Se係具有最大電屢值為 Va (例如5V)，彔小電壓值為％ (例如〇v)之一脈波俨 號。利用該開關控制信號Sc驅動p ° 聊之閘極’以控制p、n型金氧半導體31q+3= = 或關閉。當该開關控制信號Sc之輸出電壓由Μ改變至 Va日寸’即對閘極之寄生電容與雜散電容（未圖示）充了 (Va-Vb)的電壓，這就造成了開關損耗。 當開關控制信號S c之輪出電壓值為v b時，p型金 半導體310導通、N型金氧半導體320關閉。此時輸入電 壓Vi透過p型金氧半導體31〇對電感33〇、電容34〇充 電。當開關控制信號Sc之電壓值為Va時，p型金氧半導 體310關閉、N型金氧半導體32〇導通。此時輸入電壓Client's Docket No.: TT's Docket N〇:〇975-A41240-TW/fmal/林璟辉/2007/07/10 6 200906035 [Embodiment] One of the embodiments of the device-switching power supply converter no-door ^ The charger 100 includes a switched voltage to switch controller 120. ^ The switched-mode power supply 1〇〇 converts the input input power to the output voltage v. Form; Second, the switching voltage converter 11 〇 receives input power = out. The control number > 1 is based on a switching voltage V1 to output the output _v: 120 system is controlled by a power supply voltage (s〇〇1 5 - pressure % adjustment switch control signal Sc responsibility ^ 20 according to the wheel output The maximum weight of the switch control signal SC: 1:=, and the maximum electrical switching power switch loss and conduction of the switch control signal Sc of the source supply is not the maximum voltage value of sc. , σ U 10 better switch control signal or on-resistance loss. D ~ may cause large switching loss. The implementation example considers the switch control signal s, the switching loss is larger; the switch control static number ^ take the big 琶The larger the value, the smaller the resistance is, and the larger the value of the voltage is, the larger the conduction value is. The so-called conduction value does not become smaller when the conduction value reaches a certain level. The signal is turned off by the controller to determine the switch voltage V. The maximum voltage value is not equal to the switch control signal Se: 1: the maximum voltage value can be used to make the switch - the power switch of the switch - or the very claw (four) _75 rhyme gift ___ 200906035 close The value at saturation. So - conversion efficiency. The second power supply of the power supply is shown in Fig. 2A. The open controller 120 120 includes a 茂 辄 。 。 § § § § § § 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压Guanghe inch Wu receives the ECV and converts the V1 into the power supply Vdd to provide the other switch. The second ββ is the target of the open controller. The switch controller 120 It can also be used to provide the switch controller m to receive the power supply. Figure 3 is the switching voltage converter n〇 exchange voltage conversion crying n η piece j ° Hai cut-p type gold? DC converter, including Snow; ^, type MOS transistor 32 〇, - inductor 330, a capacitor 340. ν π Η ^ f switch control Se Se Se system has a maximum electrical value of Va (for example 5V), 彔 small voltage value is % (for example, 〇v) one of the pulse apostrophes. Use the switch control signal Sc to drive the gate of the p ° chat to control the p, n-type MOS 31q+3 = = or off. When the switch control signal Sc The output voltage is changed from Μ to Va '', that is, the parasitic capacitance of the gate and the stray capacitance (not shown) are charged (Va-Vb). When the voltage value of the switch control signal S c is vb, the p-type gold semiconductor 310 is turned on and the N-type metal oxide semiconductor 320 is turned off. At this time, the input voltage Vi is transmitted through the p-type metal oxide semiconductor 31. 〇Charging the inductor 33 〇 and the capacitor 34 。. When the voltage value of the switch control signal Sc is Va, the p-type MOS 310 is turned off, and the N-type MOS 32 〇 is turned on.

Client’s Docket No.: TT’s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmal/林環輝/2007/07/10 200906035Client’s Docket No.: TT’s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmal/林环辉/2007/07/10 200906035

Vi不再對電碭 過導通的N型人-、電容340充電’然而電感330仍透 容340充電2導體320向接地端汲取電流以對電 通電阻大小，會影響N型金氧半導體⑽之導 通電阻越小，導通^音「導通損耗°原則上，Va越大，導 導通電阻不再/ €越小，但是當Va A到—定程度時， 只是增加_^^料嶋”料料增大^ 助。因此，可L = 於降低導通損耗並沒有幫 上 以增加轉換效率。v…較佳值可為：：Vi no longer charges the N-type person-capacitor 340 that is over-conducted. However, the inductor 330 still has a capacitance 340. The charge 2 conductor 320 draws current to the ground to affect the size of the electric-resistance, which affects the conduction of the N-type MOS (10). The smaller the resistance, the conduction sound is “conduction loss°. In principle, the larger Va is, the smaller the on-resistance is no longer / €, but when Va A reaches a certain level, it only increases the amount of material. ^ Help. Therefore, L = lowering the conduction loss does not help to increase the conversion efficiency. v...the preferred value can be::

型金氧半導體320之導诵雷㈣收 &仏值了為使N 控制開關控制信耗、電阻即將飽和時之值。此外， 與輸出電之貝任週期則可控制輪入電壓Η 電壓決定開關控制信號的最源電壓的另-換效率。 i值以減> 耗損，增加轉 雖然本發明在此以一 施例闡明及描述，不〆^個特定的範例作為實 節，然而仍可在不二本：本發明侷限於所 圍均等之領域與範圍内實精訂且在中請專利範 改變。因此，最好將所附二：：修改與結構上的 符合本發明領域之方二圍廣泛地且以 提出此聲明。 您後的申請專利範圍前 【圖式簡單說明】The type of MOS semiconductor 320 is controlled by 诵 (4) and the value of 金 了 is used to make the N control switch control the signal consumption and the resistance is about to saturate. In addition, the cycle of the output voltage can control the turn-in voltage Η voltage to determine the other-switching efficiency of the most source voltage of the switch control signal. The value of i is reduced by > loss, although the invention is illustrated and described herein by way of example, and no specific example is used as a real section, but it is still possible to use the same: the invention is limited to the equalization The field and scope are really fine and the patent scope is changed. Accordingly, it is preferred that the appended two:: modifications and structural aspects are consistent with the scope of the invention and that such claims are made. Before you apply for a patent range [Simple description]

Client’s Docket No·: IT's Docket N〇：〇975-A41240-TW/fmal/^Jf#/2〇〇7/〇7( 710 200906035 第1圖係根據本發明之一實施例之一切換式電源供 應器。 第2A、B圖係該開關控制器120之範例。 第3圖係該切換式電壓轉換器Π 0之一範例。 【主要元件符號說明】 100〜切換式電源供應器、110〜切換式電壓轉換器、 120〜開關控制器。210〜電壓轉換器。310〜P型金氧半 電晶體、320〜N型金氧半電晶體、330〜電感、340〜電 容。Client's Docket No: IT's Docket N〇: 〇975-A41240-TW/fmal/^Jf#/2〇〇7/〇7 (710 200906035 Figure 1 is a switched power supply according to one embodiment of the present invention 2A and B are examples of the switch controller 120. Fig. 3 is an example of the switching voltage converter Π 0. [Main component symbol description] 100~Switching power supply, 110~switching Voltage converter, 120~switch controller. 210~voltage converter. 310~P type MOS transistor, 320~N type MOS transistor, 330~ inductor, 340~ capacitor.

Client’s Docket No‘： TT，s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmai/林璟輝/2007/07/10Client’s Docket No’: TT,s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmai/林璟辉/2007/07/10

Claims (1)

200906035 十、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種切換式電源供應器，包含： 一切換式電壓轉換器，接收一第一電壓，根據一開關 控制信號轉換該第一電壓以輸出一第二電壓； 一開關控制器，由一第三電壓供應電源，決定該開關 控制信號之一最大電壓值，使該最大電壓值不等於該第 一、三電壓，並輸出該開關控制信號。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之切換式電源供應器，其中 該切換式電壓轉換器包含至少一金氧半電晶體開關，而該 開關控制信號係耦接該至少一金氧半電晶體開關之閘極。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之切換式電源供應器，其中 該開關控制信號之該最大電壓值使該至少一金氧半電晶 體於導通時具有最小之導通電阻且該金氧半電晶體不會 進入飽和狀態。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之切換式電源供應器，其中 該開關控制器接收該第一電壓以產生該第三電壓。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之切換式電源供應器，其中 該開關控制器接收該第三電壓。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之切換式電源供應器，其中 該第一、二電壓可為一直流電壓或一交流電壓。 Client’s Docket No.: TT’s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmal/林璟輝/2007/07/10 11200906035 X. Patent application scope: 1. A switching power supply, comprising: a switching voltage converter, receiving a first voltage, converting the first voltage according to a switch control signal to output a second voltage; The controller determines, by a third voltage supply, a maximum voltage value of the switch control signal, such that the maximum voltage value is not equal to the first and third voltages, and outputs the switch control signal. 2. The switching power supply of claim 1, wherein the switching voltage converter comprises at least one MOS transistor, and the switch control signal is coupled to the at least one MOS transistor. The gate. 3. The switching power supply of claim 2, wherein the maximum voltage value of the switch control signal causes the at least one MOS transistor to have a minimum on-resistance when turned on and the MOS transistor Will not enter saturation. 4. The switched mode power supply of claim 1, wherein the switch controller receives the first voltage to generate the third voltage. 5. The switching power supply of claim 1, wherein the switch controller receives the third voltage. 6. The switching power supply of claim 1, wherein the first and second voltages are a direct current voltage or an alternating current voltage. Client’s Docket No.: TT’s Docket No:0975-A41240-TW/fmal/林璟辉/2007/07/10 11