200817214 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係涉及一種熱切換裝置及其方法，特別係指一 種用以切換不同電源系統之車載用熱切換裝置及其方法。 【先前技術】 由於汽車產業的快速成長，在現今的發展中，已在原 本汽車中加入了許多高科技的電子產品及配備，不論是在 車裝產品晶片之製造、封裝、設計或是相關的車内電子裝 置如：多媒體影音產品、監視裝置、甚至到LED相關產品 及全球定位系統（GPS)等，都有著龐大的商機，這使得車用 電子成為未來的發展重點項目之一。但車用電子所強調的 是安全及穩定性，認證時間也相對漫長，這與目前電子業 所講求的產品速度及更新週期有所不同。 然而，車載電源系統是車用電子最關鍵也是最根本的 要件之一，車載電腦裝置或相關車用電子週邊設備在運作 上必須藉由車載電源系統來提供主要的電源來源，但在車 載上當引擎啟動時，請參考第一圖，係習知技術車載電源 系統之電壓變動示意圖，其會因引擎啟動的瞬間所產生近 似短路的電流’而導致車載電源糸統的電壓會有陷洛的現 象發生而產生電源不穩定的狀況，例如：從原本的電壓 12. 6V瞬間降至4V以下（約3. 6V)，並且需等約2秒的時間 才得以再恢復到足夠供應車載電子設備所需的隶低電壓 (約11V)。而也就因此，任何車載電子設備在開機狀態下 會因車載電源的瞬間失效而導致電子設備產生瞬間關閉並 進行重置的現象，因而容易造成電子設備的毀損。 6 200817214 因此，在目前的解決方式上是可在車載上搭配不斷電 電源系統（UPS)來達到穩壓輸出的效果，以防止車載電源的 不穩定而損壞車載電腦裝置。但在此一方式中，不斷電電 源系統必須透過至少一組穩壓電路來完成穩壓的效果，因 此在硬體設計上就會的產生較高的元件成本，而且不斷電 電源系統的穩壓電路必須一直處於開啟狀態才能在車載電 源系統所提供的電源失效時，及時做提供備源的處理，而 這便會降低車載電源系統的效能以及增加不斷電電源系統 的耗電流。因此以目前的解決方式來看，在車載電源供應、 管理及控制上仍有其進一步改善的空間。 【發明内容】 有鑑於此，本發明所要解決的技術問題在於，透過簡 單的電路設計，以控制迴路的開關來控制電路開關元件的 啟閉，並可直接以熱切換的方式來切換使用不同電源系 統，進而達到穩壓輸出給車載電腦裝置之目的。 為了解決上述問題，根據本發明所提出之一方案，提 供一種車載用熱切換裝置，其係應用於一車載電源系統與 一車載電腦裝置.之間，其包括：一備用電源系統、一第一 開關單元、一第二開關單元及一電壓檢知單元。其中，備 用電源系統係用以提供一備用電源，而第一開關單元係電 性連接於車載電源系統，用來開關車載電源系統所提供輸 出的一第一電源；另外第二開關單元則係電性連接於備用 電源糸統’用以開關備用電源之輸出’而電壓檢知早元係 用以檢測車載電源系統之電壓，並隨時依據該電壓之差異 得以即時地控制第一開關單元及第二開關單元之啟閉，進 而切換第一電源及備用電源同時僅一得提供給車載電腦裝 7 200817214 - 置。 為了解決上述問題，根據本發明所提出之另一方案， 提供一種車載用熱切換方法，係用以切換使用一車載電源 系統及一備用電源系統，其步驟包括：首先，藉由車載電 源系統以提供一第一電源，並且經由一第一開關單元輸出 - 第一電源至一車載電腦裝置，接著進行檢測車載電源系統 - 之電壓是否產生陷落’若該電壓產生陷落時’則關閉第一 開關單元以阻斷第一電源之輸出，另外，開啟一第二開關 ( 單元以導通備用電源系統所提供之備用電源給車載電腦裝 置使用。因此，便可藉由控制第一開關單元及第二開關單 元的啟閉，來達到熱切換使用車載電源系統及備用電源系 統之目的。 以上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖，皆是為了能 進一步說明本發明為達成預定目的所採取之方式、手段及 功效。而有關本發明的其他目的及優點，將在後續的說明 及圖式中加以闡述。 ( 【實施方式】 請參考第二圖，係本發明車載用熱切換裝置之實施例 方塊圖，如圖所示，本發明提供一種車載用熱切換裝置1， 係應用於一車載電源系統2與一車載電腦裝置3之間，其 中，車載電腦裝置3可例如為車裝電腦（Car PC)、工業電 腦或甚至是隨車搭配的行車電腦等。而車載用熱切裝置1 包括：一備用電源系統10、一第一開關單元20、一第二開 關單元30及一電壓檢知單元40，備用電源系統10係為各 類型的二次電池，以用來提供一備用電源，而第一開關單 元20係電性連接於車載電源系統2，用以開關原本車載電 8 200817214 源系統2所提供給車載電腦裝置3的一第一電源；此外， 第二開關單元30則係電性連接於備用電源系統10，用以 開關備用電源之輸出，以在第一電源瞬間失效時可提供給 車載電腦裝置3運作使用。其中第一開關單元20及第二開 關單元30在硬體設計上可單純是利用至少一半導體開關 元件（如·金屬氧化半導體場效電晶體MOSFET)(圖未不）來 設計，也可例如是由同一切換晶片（圖未示）來達成第一開 關單元20及第二開關單元30之設計。 而電壓檢知早元4 0係用以檢測車載電源糸統2之電 壓，並隨時依據該電壓之差異而即時地控制第一開關單元 20及第二開關單元30之啟閉，進而切換第一電源及備用 電源以同時只讓其中之一得提供給車載電腦裝置3。也就 是表示當電壓檢知單元40檢測到車載電源系統2在車輛引 擎發動瞬間或車輛行進間的間歇性變化，而使得車載電源 系統2有電壓陷落發生時，便會關閉第一開關單元20以阻 斷第一電源之供應，而同時改為開啟第二開關單元30來使 備用電源順利供應給車載電腦裝置3,等到車載電源系統2 恢復正常供應穩定電壓時’再切換為原本的車載電源糸統 2經由第一開關單元20提供第一電源給車載電腦裝置3。 值得一提的是上述之切換動作不需關閉任何電源系統而可 直接進行熱切換的動作。 而在電壓檢知單元40中，可進一步包含一比較電路 41及一電阻/電容（RC)電路42,使得電壓檢知單元40透過 比較電路41所提供之一參考電壓來進行電壓的比較而完 成檢測車載電源系統2之電壓是否陷落；而電阻/電容電路 42則係電壓檢知單元40用以匹配第一開關單元20及第二 200817214 開關單元30的交換啟閉之延遲時間。 另外，車載用熱切換裝置1更可進一步包括：一濾波 單元50及一電路保護單元60，其中濾波單元50係電性連 接於車載電源系統2與電壓檢知單元40之間，用以濾除車 載電源系統2在輸出第一電源時因引擎干擾而產生的雜 訊，以避免電壓檢知早元4 0在檢測車載電源糸統2之電壓 時產生誤判的情形，並且在硬體設計上，濾波單元50可例 如係電感器或電容器等濾波元件。而電路保護單元60則係 電性連接於第一開關單元20與第二開關單元30的輸出端 與車載電腦裝置3之間，以進行偵測第一電源或備用電源 之異常，進而產生一關斷信號來關閉第一開關單元20及第 二開關單元30，並且於偵測該異常之情形排除後恢復開起 第一開關單元20及第二開關單元30，其中該異常之情形 可例如為電路短路或過電流發生之情形，而關閉第一開關 單元20及第二開關單元30主要係用以阻斷第一電源及備 用電源的持續提供，以避免車載用熱切換裝置1内的各部 位元件無法承受過大電流的輸出而損毀，並且更可進一步 保護車載電腦裝置3的安全性。 請參考第三圖，係本發明車載用熱切換方法之實施例 流程圖，如圖所示，本發明提供一種車載用熱切換方法， 係用以切換車載電源系統2及備用電源系統10，其步驟包 括：首先，預先設定開啟第一開關單元20並關閉第二開關 單元30(S301)，進而使車載電源系統2提供第一電源，並 經由第一開關單元20而將第一電源輸出以供應給車載電 腦裝置3使用（S303)。接著，提供電壓檢知單元40以藉由 其中之一比較電路41來進行檢測車載電源系統2的電壓是 10 200817214 否產生陷落（S305)，其中比較電路41係提供一參考電壓以 比較車載電源系統2之電壓是否低於該參考電壓而產生陷 落，若步驟（S305)的檢測結果為是，表示車載電源系統2 之電壓可能例如因車輛引擎的啟動而導致電壓有瞬間陷落 的情形，此時便會關閉第一開關單元20以阻斷第一電源 (S307)，並同時開啟第二開關單元30以導通備用電源系統 10所提供的備用電源給車載電腦裝置3繼續使用（S309)， 藉此以彌補瞬間第一電源的不穩定或失效的問題。並且在 步驟(S309)之後，重複進行步驟（S305)以隨時檢測車載電 源系統2之電壓狀況，以進而判斷車載電源系統2是否已 恢復正常供應電源。 若步驟（S305)的檢測結果為否，表示車載電源系統2 之電壓並無產生陷落之情形而能供應穩定的電源，此時便 可執行步驟（S303)以在第一開關單元20開啟且第二開關 單元30關閉的狀況下，持續地由車載電源系統2直接提供 第一電源給車載電腦裝置3。 而在上述方法中，更可舉例提供一電路保護單元60， 以隨時偵測第一電源或備用電源是否產生異常之情形，其 中該異常之情形可例如為電路短路或過電流發生之情形， 而若產生異常之情形時，則電路保護單元60便及時關閉第 一開關單元20及第二開關單元30以保護電路不受損毀， 並且等異常情形解除後才恢復開啟第一開關單元20及第 二開關單元30以繼續正常運作。 藉此，依據車載電源系統2的電壓狀況，以控制第一 開關單元20及第二開關單元30的啟閉，進而切換使用車 載電源糸統2或備用電源糸統10 ’並且不需在關閉任何電 200817214 源线下而直接進行，以達到熱切換的動作功能。 综上所述，本發明不僅不需透過穩 半導體開關元件作為開關控制以 3接由 其中之一組開啟時，另— —電源及備用電源 電電源她_電路必彡g ^ 避絲似不斷 題，並且因此也萨門± θ啟而增加耗電流的問 W ΐ 增加車载電源系、統2的效能。而^ 成本低、耗電流低以及效能高 匕而在 载用的系統或裝置上。 &力下更適3使用在車 ! 隹，以上所述，僅為本 每 及圖式而已’並非用以限制本例&細說明 以下述之申請專利範圍為準，月之所有範圍應 明之領域内’可輕易思;技蟄者在本發 案所界定之專利範圍。 匕或心飾皆可涵蓋在以下本 【圖式簡單說明】 第-圖係習知技術車載電源系 及 弟二圖係本發明車載用熱 動不思圖； 第三圖係本發明車载用熱切二 =細方塊圖 【主要元件符號說明】、方去之貫施例流程圖 車載用熱切換裝置工 備用電源系統1Q 車載電源系統2 第一開關單元2〇 車載電腦裝置3 第二開關單元3〇 12 200817214 電壓檢知單元40 比較電路41 電阻/電容電路42 濾波單元50 電路保護早元6 0BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermal switching device and a method thereof, and more particularly to an in-vehicle thermal switching device and method thereof for switching different power supply systems. [Prior Art] Due to the rapid growth of the automotive industry, in the current development, many high-tech electronic products and equipment have been added to the original car, whether in the manufacture, packaging, design or related of the car-mounted product chips. In-vehicle electronic devices such as multimedia audio and video products, surveillance devices, and even LED-related products and global positioning systems (GPS) have huge business opportunities, making automotive electronics one of the key development projects in the future. However, automotive electronics emphasizes safety and stability, and the certification time is relatively long. This is different from the current product speed and update cycle. However, the vehicle power system is one of the most critical and fundamental requirements for automotive electronics. The onboard computer device or related automotive electronic peripherals must operate to provide the main source of power through the vehicle power system, but the engine is used as the engine. When starting up, please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic diagram of the voltage variation of the conventional vehicle power supply system, which will cause the voltage of the vehicle power supply system to be trapped due to the short-circuit current generated by the moment when the engine is started. The power supply is unstable, for example, from the original voltage of 12.6V to below 4V (about 3.6V), and it takes about 2 seconds to recover enough to supply the necessary electronic equipment. Low voltage (about 11V). Therefore, any on-board electronic device may cause an electronic device to be instantly turned off and reset due to an instantaneous failure of the vehicle power supply, which may easily cause damage to the electronic device. 6 200817214 Therefore, in the current solution, it is possible to match the uninterruptible power supply system (UPS) on the vehicle to achieve the effect of the regulated output, so as to prevent the instability of the vehicle power supply and damage the on-board computer device. However, in this mode, the uninterruptible power supply system must pass through at least one set of voltage stabilizing circuit to complete the voltage stabilizing effect, so that the hardware design will result in higher component cost, and the continuous power supply system The voltage regulator circuit must be always on to provide backup source when the power supply provided by the vehicle power system fails. This will reduce the performance of the vehicle power system and increase the current consumption of the power system. Therefore, in terms of the current solution, there is still room for further improvement in vehicle power supply, management and control. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to control the opening and closing of the circuit switching element by the switch of the control circuit through a simple circuit design, and can directly switch between different power sources by means of hot switching. The system, in turn, achieves the purpose of regulating the output to the onboard computer device. In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a hot-switching device for a vehicle is provided, which is applied between an in-vehicle power supply system and an on-board computer device, and includes: a backup power supply system, a first a switching unit, a second switching unit and a voltage detecting unit. The backup power supply system is configured to provide a backup power supply, and the first switch unit is electrically connected to the vehicle power supply system for switching a first power supply provided by the vehicle power supply system; and the second switch unit is electrically connected It is connected to the backup power system 'for switching the output of the standby power supply' and the voltage detection is used to detect the voltage of the vehicle power supply system, and the first switching unit and the second can be controlled at any time according to the difference of the voltage. The switching unit is turned on and off, and then the first power source and the backup power source are switched at the same time and only provided to the onboard computer. In order to solve the above problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for hot switching of a vehicle is provided, which is used for switching between using a vehicle power supply system and a backup power supply system, the steps of which include: first, by using an onboard power supply system Providing a first power source, and outputting the first power source to an onboard computer device via a first switch unit, and then detecting whether the voltage of the vehicle power supply system is depressed or not. If the voltage is trapped, the first switch unit is turned off. In order to block the output of the first power source, in addition, a second switch is turned on (the unit is used to turn on the backup power provided by the standby power system for use by the onboard computer device. Therefore, by controlling the first switch unit and the second switch unit The purpose of the invention is to open up and close to achieve the purpose of hot switching using the vehicle power system and the backup power system. The above summary and the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are for further explanation of the manner and means by which the present invention is achieved for the intended purpose. And other effects and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be explained in the following [Embodiment] Please refer to the second figure, which is a block diagram of an embodiment of the in-vehicle thermal switching device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted thermal switching device 1, which is applied to An in-vehicle power supply system 2 and an on-board computer device 3, wherein the on-board computer device 3 can be, for example, a car-mounted computer (Car PC), an industrial computer, or even a traveling computer equipped with a car, etc. The system includes: a backup power system 10, a first switch unit 20, a second switch unit 30, and a voltage detecting unit 40. The backup power system 10 is used for each type of secondary battery to provide a backup power source. The first switch unit 20 is electrically connected to the vehicle power supply system 2 for switching a first power source provided by the source system 2 to the onboard computer device 3; and the second switch unit 30 is electrically connected. The utility model is connected to the backup power supply system 10 for switching the output of the standby power supply to be provided for operation of the onboard computer device 3 when the first power supply fails. The first switch unit 20 and The second switch unit 30 can be designed by using at least one semiconductor switching element (such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET) (for example), or can be, for example, the same switching wafer (not shown). The design of the first switching unit 20 and the second switching unit 30 is achieved. The voltage detection early is used to detect the voltage of the vehicle power supply system 2, and the first time is controlled according to the difference of the voltage. The switching unit 20 and the second switching unit 30 are turned on and off, thereby switching the first power source and the backup power source to simultaneously provide only one of them to the onboard computer device 3. That is, when the voltage detecting unit 40 detects the vehicle power system. 2 When the vehicle engine is started or intermittently changes between the vehicles, and the voltage drop occurs in the vehicle power system 2, the first switch unit 20 is turned off to block the supply of the first power source, and at the same time, the first switch is turned on. The second switch unit 30 is configured to smoothly supply the backup power to the onboard computer device 3, and wait until the vehicle power supply system 2 resumes normal supply of stable voltage to 're-switch to the original vehicle. The power supply system 2 supplies the first power to the onboard computer device 3 via the first switching unit 20. It is worth mentioning that the above switching action can directly perform hot switching without turning off any power system. In the voltage detecting unit 40, a comparison circuit 41 and a resistor/capacitor (RC) circuit 42 may be further included, so that the voltage detecting unit 40 performs voltage comparison by using one of the reference voltages provided by the comparing circuit 41. The voltage of the onboard power supply system 2 is detected to be collapsed; and the resistance/capacitance circuit 42 is used to match the delay time of the switching between the first switching unit 20 and the second 200817214 switching unit 30. In addition, the in-vehicle thermal switching device 1 further includes: a filtering unit 50 and a circuit protection unit 60, wherein the filtering unit 50 is electrically connected between the vehicle power supply system 2 and the voltage detecting unit 40 for filtering The noise generated by the vehicle power supply system 2 when the first power source is output due to engine interference, so as to avoid the voltage detection, the early detection of the voltage of the vehicle power supply system 2 is misjudged, and in the hardware design, The filtering unit 50 can be, for example, a filter element such as an inductor or a capacitor. The circuit protection unit 60 is electrically connected between the output ends of the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 and the onboard computer device 3 to detect an abnormality of the first power source or the backup power source, thereby generating a level The first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 are turned off, and the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 are resumed after the abnormality is detected. The abnormal situation may be, for example, a circuit. The short circuit or the overcurrent occurs, and the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 are mainly used to block the continuous supply of the first power source and the backup power source to avoid components in the vehicle hot-swappable device 1 . It cannot be damaged by the output of excessive current, and the safety of the on-board computer device 3 can be further protected. Please refer to the third figure, which is a flow chart of an embodiment of the in-vehicle thermal switching method of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted hot switching method for switching an in-vehicle power supply system 2 and a backup power supply system 10, The steps include: firstly, turning on the first switch unit 20 and turning off the second switch unit 30 (S301), thereby causing the onboard power supply system 2 to provide the first power source, and outputting the first power source via the first switch unit 20 to supply It is used for the in-vehicle computer device 3 (S303). Next, the voltage detecting unit 40 is provided to detect whether the voltage of the in-vehicle power supply system 2 is 10 200817214 by one of the comparing circuits 41 (S305), wherein the comparing circuit 41 provides a reference voltage to compare the vehicle power supply system. If the voltage of 2 is lower than the reference voltage, a drop occurs. If the result of the step (S305) is YES, it indicates that the voltage of the vehicle power supply system 2 may cause a sudden fall of voltage, for example, due to the start of the vehicle engine. The first switch unit 20 is turned off to block the first power source (S307), and the second switch unit 30 is turned on at the same time to turn on the backup power provided by the backup power system 10 to continue to use the onboard computer device 3 (S309), thereby Make up for the instability or failure of the first power source. And after the step (S309), the step (S305) is repeated to detect the voltage condition of the in-vehicle power supply system 2 at any time to further judge whether or not the on-vehicle power supply system 2 has returned to the normal supply. If the detection result of the step (S305) is NO, it means that the voltage of the vehicle power supply system 2 does not fall and the stable power supply can be supplied. At this time, the step (S303) can be performed to turn on the first switching unit 20 and When the two switch units 30 are turned off, the first power source is continuously supplied from the in-vehicle power supply system 2 to the in-vehicle computer device 3. In the above method, a circuit protection unit 60 is further provided to detect whether the first power source or the backup power source generates an abnormality at any time, wherein the abnormal situation may be, for example, a circuit short circuit or an overcurrent occurrence condition. If an abnormal situation occurs, the circuit protection unit 60 turns off the first switching unit 20 and the second switching unit 30 in time to protect the circuit from damage, and resumes turning on the first switching unit 20 and the second after the abnormal situation is released. The switch unit 30 continues to operate normally. Thereby, according to the voltage condition of the vehicle power supply system 2, the first switching unit 20 and the second switching unit 30 are controlled to be turned on and off, and then the vehicle power supply system 2 or the backup power supply system 10' is switched and no need to be turned off. The power is transmitted directly under the source line of 200817214 to achieve the function of hot switching. In summary, the present invention not only does not need to pass through the stable semiconductor switching element as a switch control, but also when one of the groups is turned on, and the other is the power supply and the backup power supply. And therefore, Samen ± θ starts to increase the current consumption. W ΐ Increase the performance of the vehicle power system. And ^ is low cost, low current consumption and high efficiency on the system or device used. &Efforts are more suitable for use in the car! 隹, the above is only for the purpose of this and the drawings are not used to limit this example & detailed description of the following patent application scope, all ranges of the month should be In the field of Ming's, it is easy to think; the scope of patents defined by the technicians in this case.匕 or heart ornaments can be covered in the following [simplified description of the drawings] - Figure 1 is a conventional technology, the vehicle power supply system and the second division of the invention are in the vehicle for thermal operation; the third picture is the vehicle for the present invention. Hot cut two = thin block diagram [main component symbol description], square go through the example flow chart, vehicle hot switching device, standby power supply system, 1Q, vehicle power supply system 2, first switching unit 2, onboard computer device 3, second switching unit 3 〇12 200817214 Voltage detection unit 40 Comparison circuit 41 Resistance/capacitor circuit 42 Filter unit 50 Circuit protection Early 6 0