200800661 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明主要係關於一種具防撞裝置的避震器，尤指一 種可改變液壓油流篁來達到有效防撞效果的避震器者。 _ 【先前技術】 - 一般為提高汽、機車或自行車駕駛或騎乘的舒適性， 並避免車輛構件因路面不平所產生的衝擊力量而造成損 φ壞，於汽、機車或自行車的車體與輪子間大都會設置避震 器，來吸收或減緩因路面不平或撞擊異物所產生的震動力 里，而一般的避震器主要係包含有可相互移動的内、外套 管，於内、外套管間設置彈簧或液壓油等吸震介質，如此 當内、外套管因撞擊等因素而相對移動時，可藉由麼縮彈 簧或液壓油的流動來產生緩衝及吸震的效果，避免撞擊或 震動力量傳遞至車體上。 然而部份競技用的車輛因行駛的路面均特別的崎嶇不 _ 平’因此對輪子的撞擊力量也較大，如此很容易造成内、 外套管直接碰撞而導致避震效果的失效，故現有之避震器 中通常會於内、外套管間設置防撞塊，以避免内、外套管 因受力過大而直接碰撞，即所謂沖底現象；但現有的防撞 塊在經過-段時間的使用後，會因彈性疲乏等因素而失去 防撞的效果。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明人有鑑於現有避震器結構及使用上的不 足與缺失’特經過不斷的試驗與研究，終於發展出一種能 200800661 改進現有缺失之本發明。 本發明之主要目的，在於提供一種具防撞裝置的避震 器，其可降低液壓油的流量，使液壓油產生較大的壓力， 以達到確實防撞效果之目的者。 為達到上述目的，本發明主要係提供一種具防撞裝置 的避震器，其主要係包含有一内套管及一外套管，内套管 一端係可滑動地***於外套管一端，於内套管中填注有液 壓油又於外套管上固設有一延伸進入内套管的活塞桿， 於活塞桿上則設置有一容置於内套管内的活塞，於活塞上 則設置有可供液壓油流通活塞兩侧的油道，其特徵在於： 避震器另設置有一防撞裝置，該防撞裝置主要係包含 有一固設於活塞上的柱塞，及一固定於内套管中的套環， 其中柱塞的外徑小於内套管及套環的内徑，而使柱塞與内 套管及套環内壁面間分別形成一通道，並且套環的^徑小 於内套管的内徑。 藉由上述技術手段，當本發明之活塞移動進入套環内 時’液壓油的流量會因通道面積的縮小而變小，使液壓油 能提供活毅大的壓力，崎低活塞相對内套管的移動速 度，如此能有效地防止柱塞直接碰撞内套管端部，來提高 避震器的防撞效果，並延長壁震器的使用壽命者。 【實施方式】 本發明主要係提供-種具防撞裝置的避震器，請配合 參看第-、二圖，ώ圖中可看出，本發明之避震器主要係 包含有一組相套合的内套管（1〇)及外套管（12)， 6 200800661 其中内套管（1 0 ) 一端係可滑動地***於外套管（1 2 ) 一端，而内、外套管（i 〇 ) ( 2 2 )的另端則可分別速 接至車輛的車體與輪子上，並於内套管（i 0)中填注有 液壓油，又於外套管（12)上固設有一延伸進入内套管 (1 0 )的活塞桿（1 4 )，於活塞桿（1 4 )上則設置 有一容置於内套管（10)内的活塞（16)，於活塞（1 6 )上則設置有可供液壓油流通活塞（i 6 )兩側的油道。 藉此，畲車輛的輪子與外物碰撞而產生撞擊力量時， 可令内、外套管（]_ 〇 ) ( i 2 )相對移動，而使活塞（工 4 )沿内套管（；l 〇 )移動並推壓内套管（1 〇 )内的液 壓油，使受推壓的液壓油壓力昇高而經活塞（丄6 )的油 道流過活塞（1 6 )而進入壓力較小的另側，如此便可透 過液壓油的壓力來達到一吸震及緩衝的效果，於活塞桿（工 4 )上可另套設一彈性元件，可在活塞（丄6 )相對内套 管（1 0 )移動時，同時壓縮彈性元件，來提高避震器的 吸震及緩衝效果。 該避震器另設置有一防撞裝置（2 〇 )，該防撞裝置 (2 0 )主要係包含有一固設於活塞（i 6 )上的柱塞（2 2)，及一固疋於内套管（1〇)中的套環（24)，其 中柱塞（2 2 )的外徑小於内套管（丄〇 )及套環（2 4 ) 的内径，而使柱塞（22)與内套管（1 〇)及套環（2 4 )内壁面間分別形成~通道’並且套環（2 4 )的内握 小於内套管（10)的内徑’又可於内套f (1〇)内壁 上設置有數道定位槽，而藉由c形環等固定元件將套環（2 200800661 4 )固定於兩相鄰定位槽間。 如此，當避震器受力而使活塞（i 6 )相對内套管（工 〇 )移動時，液壓油會經由柱塞（2 2)與内套管（工 間的通道流向法當γ , 七 ^ 舌塞（1 6 )，再經過活塞（1 6 )的油道 /瓜至活基（1 6 )另側，而當活塞（1 6 )移動進入套環 _ ( 2 4 )内時，因套環（2 4 )的内徑小於内套管（丄〇 ) 的内t，故柱塞（2 2 )與套環（2 4 )間所形成的通道 _面積]於柱塞（22)與内套管（10)間的通道面積， 故當柱塞（2 2)進入套環（2 4)内時，會因通道面積 的縮小而導致液壓油流量的變小，使液壓油提供活塞（工 6 )更大的壓力，進而能有效降低活塞（1 6 )相對内套 管（1 〇 )的移動速度，如此便能防止柱塞（2 2)直接 碰揎内套官（1 〇 )端部，即防止沖底的產生，來提高避 震裔的吸震效果，不僅可提高避震器的防撞效果，亦可延 長避震器的使用壽命。 馨另外，當藉由將套環（24)固定於不同位置的定位 槽間時，可調整柱塞（2 2 )進入套環（2 4 )的時間， 以便能依實際的使用需求來改變避震器反應的時間與位 置’來提高避震器使用的彈性與效能。 其次’於柱塞（2 2 )上可另設置有一壓力調節裝置， 其主要係於柱塞（22)上設置有軸向貫穿柱塞（22) 的调節流道（2 2 2 )，於調節流道（2 2 2 )位於柱塞 (2 2 )自由端處形成有一錐狀的封閉段（2 2 4 )，又 於調節流道（2 2 2 )内設置有一彈簧（2 5 )及一受彈 8 200800661 簧（2 5 )頂持而抵靠於封閉段（2 2 4 )的封閉件（2 6 )，其中封閉件可為一鋼珠，且其外徑小於調節流道（2 22)的内徑但大於封閉段（2 2 4 )的内徑，於：節流 道（2 2 2 )異於形成封閉段（2 2 4 )的另端則螺設有 一抵靠於彈簧（2 5 )的調節螺拴（2 8 )，並於柱塞（2 2 )上徑向設置有一與調節流道（2 2 2 )連通的側向流 道（2 2 6 )。200800661 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates generally to a shock absorber with an anti-collision device, and more particularly to a shock absorber that can change the flow of hydraulic oil to achieve an effective anti-collision effect. _ [Prior Art] - Generally, to improve the comfort of driving or riding of steam, locomotive or bicycle, and to avoid damage to the φ of the vehicle components due to the unevenness of the road surface, in the body of the steam, locomotive or bicycle Shock absorbers are installed between the wheels to absorb or slow down the vibration caused by uneven road surface or impacting foreign objects. The general shock absorbers mainly include inner and outer casings that can move with each other, and inner and outer casings. A shock absorbing medium such as a spring or a hydraulic oil is disposed therebetween, so that when the inner and outer sleeves are relatively moved by factors such as impact, the buffering and shock absorbing effects can be generated by the flow of the contracting spring or the hydraulic oil to avoid the impact or shock force transmission. To the body. However, some of the competitive vehicles are particularly rugged because of the rough road surface, so the impact force on the wheels is also large, so it is easy to cause the inner and outer casings to directly collide and cause the suspension effect to fail. In the shock absorber, an anti-collision block is usually arranged between the inner and outer casings to avoid direct collision of the inner and outer casings due to excessive force, that is, the so-called bottoming phenomenon; however, the existing anti-collision block is used during the passage period. After that, the anti-collision effect will be lost due to factors such as fatigue fatigue. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present inventors have finally developed a present invention capable of improving the existing defects in view of the structure and research of the existing shock absorber structure and the lack of use and the lack of use. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A primary object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber with an anti-collision device which can reduce the flow rate of hydraulic oil and generate a large pressure of the hydraulic oil to achieve the purpose of a sure anti-collision effect. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly provides a shock absorber with an anti-collision device, which mainly comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, and one end of the inner sleeve is slidably inserted into one end of the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve is The tube is filled with hydraulic oil and a piston rod extending into the inner sleeve is fixed on the outer sleeve. The piston rod is provided with a piston accommodated in the inner sleeve, and the piston is provided with hydraulic oil. The oil passage on both sides of the circulation piston is characterized in that: the shock absorber is further provided with an anti-collision device, the anti-collision device mainly comprises a plunger fixed on the piston, and a collar fixed in the inner sleeve Wherein the outer diameter of the plunger is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner sleeve and the collar, and a passage is formed between the plunger and the inner sleeve and the inner wall surface of the collar, and the diameter of the collar is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner sleeve . With the above technical means, when the piston of the present invention moves into the collar, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil will become smaller due to the reduction of the passage area, so that the hydraulic oil can provide a high pressure, and the piston is relatively low in the inner casing. The moving speed can effectively prevent the plunger from directly colliding with the end of the inner casing to improve the anti-collision effect of the shock absorber and prolong the service life of the wall shock absorber. [Embodiment] The present invention mainly provides a shock absorber with an anti-collision device. Please refer to the first and second figures. As can be seen in the figure, the shock absorber of the present invention mainly includes a set of phase fittings. Inner sleeve (1〇) and outer sleeve (12), 6 200800661 wherein one end of the inner sleeve (10) is slidably inserted at one end of the outer sleeve (1 2 ), and the inner and outer sleeves (i 〇) ( The other end of 2 2 ) can be fastened to the vehicle body and the wheel respectively, and the inner casing (i 0) is filled with hydraulic oil, and the outer casing (12) is fixed with an extension into the inner casing (12). The piston rod (1 4 ) of the sleeve (10) is provided on the piston rod (14) with a piston (16) accommodated in the inner sleeve (10), and is disposed on the piston (16). There are oil passages on both sides of the piston (i 6 ) for hydraulic oil circulation. Therefore, when the wheel of the vehicle collides with the foreign object to generate the impact force, the inner and outer casings (]_ 〇) (i 2 ) can be relatively moved, and the piston (work 4) can be moved along the inner casing (;l 〇 Moving and pushing the hydraulic oil in the inner casing (1 〇), so that the pressure of the pressurized hydraulic oil rises and flows through the piston (1 6 ) through the oil passage of the piston (丄6) into the pressure less. On the other side, the pressure of the hydraulic oil can be used to achieve a shock absorption and cushioning effect. On the piston rod (work 4), an elastic element can be additionally set, and the piston (丄6) can be opposite to the inner sleeve (1 0 When moving, compress the elastic element at the same time to improve the shock absorption and cushioning effect of the shock absorber. The shock absorber is further provided with an anti-collision device (2 )), and the anti-collision device (20) mainly comprises a plunger (2 2) fixed on the piston (i 6 ), and a fixed body a collar (24) in the sleeve (1〇), wherein the outer diameter of the plunger (2 2 ) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner sleeve (丄〇) and the collar (24), and the plunger (22) is The inner channel (1 〇) and the inner wall surface of the collar (24) respectively form a channel~ and the inner grip of the collar (24) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner sleeve (10) and can be in the inner sleeve f ( 1) The inner wall is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, and the collar (2 200800661 4 ) is fixed between the two adjacent positioning grooves by a fixing member such as a c-ring. Thus, when the shock absorber is forced to move the piston (i 6 ) relative to the inner casing (work), the hydraulic oil flows through the plunger (2 2) and the inner casing (the passage between the working chambers to the normal γ, Seven ^ tongue plug (16), then through the oil passage / melon of the piston (16) to the other side of the living base (16), and when the piston (16) moves into the collar _ (2 4), Since the inner diameter of the collar (24) is smaller than the inner t of the inner sleeve (丄〇), the passage_area formed between the plunger (2 2 ) and the collar (24) is on the plunger (22). The area of the passage between the inner sleeve (10) and the inner casing (10), so that when the plunger (2 2) enters the collar (24), the flow of the hydraulic oil becomes smaller due to the reduction of the passage area, so that the hydraulic oil provides the piston. (Work 6) The greater the pressure, which can effectively reduce the moving speed of the piston (1 6 ) relative to the inner sleeve (1 〇), thus preventing the plunger (2 2) from directly touching the inner sleeve (1 〇) The end, that is, to prevent the generation of the bottom, to improve the shock absorption effect of the shock absorber, not only can improve the anti-collision effect of the shock absorber, but also extend the life of the shock absorber. Xin also, by using the collar ( 24) fixed at no When the position of the positioning groove is between, the time for the plunger (2 2 ) to enter the collar (2 4 ) can be adjusted, so that the time and position of the shock absorber reaction can be changed according to the actual use requirement to improve the use of the shock absorber. Elasticity and efficiency. Secondly, a pressure regulating device can be additionally disposed on the plunger (2 2 ), which is mainly provided with a regulating flow passage (2 2 ) which is axially inserted through the plunger ( 22 ) on the plunger ( 22 ) ( 2 2 2) a tapered closed section (2 2 4 ) is formed at the free end of the plunger (2 2 ) at the regulating flow passage (2 2 2 ), and a spring is disposed in the regulating flow passage (2 2 2 ) ( 2 5 ) and a bomb 8 200800661 spring (2 5 ) is held against the closing section (2 2 4 ) of the closing member (2 6 ), wherein the closing member can be a steel ball and its outer diameter is smaller than the regulating flow The inner diameter of the passage (2 22) is larger than the inner diameter of the closed section (2 2 4 ), and the throttle passage (2 2 2 ) is different from the other end of the closed section (2 2 4 ). The adjusting screw (2 8 ) of the spring (25) is disposed on the plunger (2 2 ) with a lateral flow passage (2 2 6 ) communicating with the regulating flow passage (2 2 2 ).
田内套笞（1 〇)中液壓油的壓力大於彈簧（25) 的張f時，封閉件（2 6 ) t因液壓油的壓力而被推動離 、罪封閉|又（2 2 4 )的位置，而使液遷油、經開啟的封 又（2 2 4 )進入調節流道（2 2 2 )巾，再由側向流 :(226)流入柱塞（22)與内套管（1〇)間的通 者★此便可凋筇内套管（丄〇 )中液壓油的壓力，其次 :旋轉調節螺栓（28)，可改變彈簣（25)的張力大 進而改變液壓油推開封閉件（2 6 )所需的壓力大小， 來達到調節液壓油壓力的作用。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明之局部剖面圖。 第二圖係本發明之放大局部剖面圖。 第一圖係本發明操作實施例之放大局部剖面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1 2 )外套管 (1 6 )活塞 (2 2 )柱塞 (1 0 )内套管 (1 4 )活塞桿 (2 〇 )防撞裝置 9 200800661 (2 2 2 )調節流道 （ (2 2 6 )側向流道 （ (2 5 )彈簧 （ (2 8 )調節螺栓 2 4 )封閉段 4 )套環 6 )封閉件When the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the field raft (1 〇) is greater than the tension f of the spring (25), the closing member (2 6 ) t is pushed away due to the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the sin is closed | again (2 2 4 ) And the liquid is moved, the opened seal (2 2 4 ) enters the regulating flow channel (2 2 2 ) towel, and then the lateral flow: (226) flows into the plunger (22) and the inner casing (1〇 Between the two) ★ This can withstand the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the inner casing (丄〇), followed by: rotating the adjustment bolt (28), can change the tension of the magazine (25) and then change the hydraulic oil to open and close The amount of pressure required for the piece (2 6 ) to achieve the effect of adjusting the hydraulic oil pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first drawing is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention. The second drawing is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the present invention. The first figure is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of an operational embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] (1 2) Outer casing (1 6 ) Piston (2 2 ) Plunger (10) Inner casing (1 4 ) Piston rod (2 〇) anti-collision device 9 200800661 (2 2 2 ) Adjust the flow path ( (2 2 6 ) lateral flow path ( (2 5 ) spring ( (2 8 ) adjustment bolt 2 4 ) closed section 4 ) collar 6 ) closure
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