TW200301091A

TW200301091A - Seat structure

Info

Publication number: TW200301091A
Application number: TW091134509A
Authority: TW
Inventors: Etsunori Fujita; Kazuyoshi Chizuka; Seiji Kawasaki; Yumi Ogura; Naoki Ochiai; Yasuhide Takata
Original assignee: Delta Tooling Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-12-20
Filing date: 2002-11-27
Publication date: 2003-07-01
Also published as: EP1323576B1; DE60209431D1; US20030127902A1; US6817674B2; EP1323576A1; CN1429720A; DE60209431T2; KR100571316B1; TWI263481B; JP2003180481A; CN1292940C; KR20030053442A

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to suppress rebound of a human body by making a reaction force small due to a large damping ratio. A bulging portion 11 is formed at a seat cushioning member 14 which is a tension structure. This structure has a structure of changing the damping characteristics functioned by the change in strain energy and tension by deformation created by a plane wave of the tension structure in accordance with the magnitude of the excitation force of an inputted vibration. Therefore; since the damping characteristics function with a small damping ratio to an input of a small excitation force, it can relieve the vibration with a phase difference due to the spring property of the seat cushioning member 14 and/or a back cushioning member 24, and to an input of a large excitation force; by increase of the strain energy and decrease of the tension; the damping characteristics function with a large damping ratio and a long operating time, so that rebound of a human body upward can be suppressed.

Description

200301G91 A 7 B7 經濟部智悲財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（1 ) 〔發明所屬之技術領域〕本發明是關於座椅構造，更詳細而言，是有關航空機、列車、船舶、堆高機、汽車等的輸送機器用座椅，或者適於作爲建築物內外使用之各種椅子的座椅構造。〔先前技術〕作爲航空機、列車、船舶、汽車用座椅等所使用的緩衝材，一般有聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材，聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材與金屬彈簧的組合所構成。並且，聚氨基甲酸乙酯具有的彈簧特性與衰減特性中，有鑑於振動吸收性能與行程量，通常式形成重視前者的彈簧特性來設計。〔發明內容〕〔發明所欲解決之課題〕但是，由於人體臀部的形狀或背的骨骼形狀（s字型）有個人差異，座椅的座位部或背部不能與人體充分地貼合，而會使人體相對於座位部或背部產生貼合適度的偏差，對於體壓分散性能的點有改善的餘地。又，對於上述座車用座椅經常尋求一種可更有效地吸收因碰撞等所造成的碰撞能。另一方面，本發明人等至今爲止提案一種使用三維立體編織物之運送機器用的座椅構造作爲緩衝材。尤其該三維立體編織物式形成薄型，且張設於框架上設置作爲張力構造體而可利用其張力場，其除了可顯示不遜色於聚氨基 ------丨鵷裝丨丨 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CN'S ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -5- 2f)〇30iG3i A7 B7 經濟部智慈財產局資工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（2 ) 甲酸乙酯發泡材的緩衝特性（彈簧特性與衰減特性）之外 ’並具有優異的通氣性。並且，此三維立體編織物作爲緩衝材使用時，由於可充分發揮三維立體編織物的變形所產生的減衰特性，因此在無負載時張力幾乎不作用於側框架之間時設置，設定即使在靜態著位狀態下也僅有5%以下的伸長。但是，對於座犄寬度狹窄物，例如座椅寬度僅 38〇nim〜400mm前後之座椅構造的要求。相對於以上狹窄座椅寬度設置使三維立體編織物幾乎不產生拉伸力時，由於三維立體編織物形成薄型物，肩頭、肩胛骨、臀部、骨盤接近座椅側部的框架，著位時容易感覺該等異樣感。爲了解決以上問題，乃考慮將三維立體編織物施以預定的張力張設，使著位時陷入量減小的手段。但是，會導致著位時進程的感覺消失，對於著位者而言會形成無契合感的硬座位感，同時輸入前後振動時，容易產生臀部的滑動。又，由於著位時的彈簧剛性高，會殘留如輸入大振幅振動的激振力時振動吸收特性之點的問題。本發明係有鑑於上述問題所硏創而成，在座位部緩衝材及背部用緩衝材的其中之一側形成預定的張力場，尤其是輸入如碰撞力等的大變形時，利用大的衰減比以減小反作用力可抑制人體的回彈，同時使碰撞力衰減緩和作用於人體的碰撞力，另一方面，相對於激振力小的輸入以減小衰減特性的作用，提供一種不致損及彈簧特性之除振性能的座椅構造爲課題。此外，使用三維立體編織物作爲緩衝 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) > •裝· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -6 - 200301031 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 材時，與使用習知的三維立體編織物的座椅構造比較’可提供減輕框架對人體產生的異物感，並提供可增加進程感的座椅構造爲課題。〔實現課題之手段〕爲了實現上述之課題，申請專利範圍第1項記載之本發明係具備含座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材之緩衝材構造的座椅構造中，係提供一種設置彈性體形成之構成上述緩衝構造的座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材作爲具有張力場的張力構造體，上述座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材之中，至少其中一側對應所輸入之激振力的大小使應變能變化，藉此形成可使切線方向的張力變化的構造，相對於激振力小的輸入係以小的衰減比使衰減特性作用，而相對於激振力大的輸入則以大的衰減比使衰減特性作用，其可對應輸入之激振力的大小顯示衰減特性特徵之座椅構造。經濟部智慧財產局g(工消費合作社印製申請專利範圍第2項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供上述緩衝構造使平面上伸展容易的方向分別沿著座位部的前後方向及背部的上下方向，同時限制座位部與背部之邊界部附近的配設位置’藉此形成以位於較上述邊界部附近更前方之座位部用緩衝材的任意位置及位於較上述邊界部附近更上方之背部用緩衝材的任意位置作爲自由端的振動系，形成上述振動系之上述座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）〇〇109 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 材之至少一側是對應輸入之激振力的大小，使彈性體所形成之張力構造體的應變能變化而改變切線方向的張力，至少在另外側具有顯示張力構造體之法線方向相對較高之彈簧特性的位置，根據該等不同特性的複合作用使輸入上述緩衝材之法線方向的激振力可分散爲切線方向之激振力的構造。申請專利範圍第3項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供可發揮對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小而衰減比不同之衰減特性的座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材皆是以連結紗線結合互相分開而配置之一對地紋針織物彼此間所成的三維立體編織物形成，在無負載時以伸長率30%以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體的接觸範圍中，在座位部上方背部前方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。絰濟部智惡財產局員工消費合作社印製申請專利範圍第4項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供上述座位部用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材皆是以連結紗線結合互相分開而配置之一對地紋針織物彼此間所成的三維立體編織物形成，對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小可發揮衰減比不同之衰減特性的上述任一緩衝材是在無負載時以伸長率30%以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體的接觸範圍中，在座位部上方背部前方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。 -8- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 申請專利範圍第5項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小可發揮衰減比不同之衰減特性的座位部用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材皆是具備二維張力構造體，及層積在該二維張力構造體上之聚氨基甲酸乙酯層的具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造所形成，在無負載時以伸長率30%以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體的接觸範圍中，在座位部上方背部前方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。申請專利範圍第6項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供上述座位部用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材皆是具備二維張力構造體，及層積在該二維張力構造體上之聚氨基甲酸乙酯層的具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造所形成，對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小可發揮衰減比不同之衰減特性的任意緩衝材在無負載時以伸長率30%以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體的接觸範圍中，在座位部上方背部前方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。申請專利範圍第7項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造中，提供顯示上述弧面形狀之座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材之突出部的頂部是在與人體接觸的平衡狀態下，分別在座位部前方背部上方分別偏位設置形成可變形。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)200301G91 A 7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (1) [Technical Field to which the Invention belongs] The present invention relates to the structure of seats, and more specifically, to aircraft, trains, ships, Seats for conveyors such as stackers and automobiles, or seat structures suitable for various chairs used inside and outside buildings. [Prior art] As a buffer material used in aircraft, train, ship, and automobile seats, generally, a polyurethane foam material, a combination of a polyurethane foam material and a metal spring is used. In addition, among the spring characteristics and damping characteristics of polyurethane, in consideration of vibration absorbing performance and stroke amount, the conventional formula is designed to pay attention to the former spring characteristics. [Summary of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, due to individual differences in the shape of the human hips or the shape of the bones of the back (s-shaped), the seat or back of the seat cannot be fully fitted to the human body. The deviation of the fit of the human body with respect to the seat part or the back is caused, and there is room for improvement in terms of the body pressure dispersion performance. In addition, for the above-mentioned vehicle seat, a collision energy caused by a collision or the like can be more effectively absorbed. On the other hand, the present inventors have so far proposed a seat structure for a transportation machine using a three-dimensional solid knitted fabric as a cushioning material. In particular, the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is formed into a thin type, and is arranged on the frame as a tension structure to use its tension field. In addition, it can display no less inferior to polyamino ------ 丨鹓装丨丨 (Please Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) The size of the paper is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CN'S) A4 (210X297 mm) -5- 2f) 030iG3i A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (2) In addition to the cushioning characteristics (spring characteristics and attenuation characteristics) of the ethyl formate foam, it has excellent air permeability. In addition, when this three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as a cushioning material, it can fully exert the attenuation characteristics caused by the deformation of the three-dimensional knitted fabric. Therefore, when no load is applied, the tension is hardly applied between the side frames. The elongation is also less than 5% in the in-position state. However, for seat narrow width objects, for example, the seat structure requires a seat width of only 380nm to 400mm. Relative to the narrow seat width setting, when the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric hardly generates tensile force, the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric forms a thin material, and the shoulders, scapula, hips, and bone discs are close to the frame of the side of the seat. Such a strange feeling. In order to solve the above problems, a method of applying a predetermined tension to the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric to reduce the amount of sinking during the positioning is considered. However, it will cause the feeling of progress to disappear during the seated position. For the seated person, it will form a hard seat feeling without fitting. At the same time, when the front and rear vibrations are input, the hips will easily slip. In addition, since the spring has high rigidity at the time of placement, problems such as vibration absorption characteristics remain when an excitation force of a large amplitude vibration is input. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a predetermined tension field is formed on one of the cushioning material for the seat portion and the cushioning material for the back portion. In particular, when a large deformation such as a collision force is input, a large attenuation is used. Compared with reducing the reaction force, it can suppress the rebound of the human body, and at the same time, reduce the impact force attenuation on the human body. On the other hand, compared with the input of a small excitation force to reduce the attenuation characteristic, it provides a non-destructive effect. The problem is the seat structure of the vibration damping performance of spring characteristics. In addition, use a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric as a buffer (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) > • Installation · This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -6-200301031 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Compared with the seat structure using the conventional three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric, it can reduce the foreign body sensation produced by the frame. It is an issue to provide a seat structure that can increase the sense of progress. [Means for realizing the problem] In order to achieve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention described in the first patent application is a seat structure provided with a cushioning material structure including a cushioning material for a seat portion and a cushioning material for a back portion. The cushioning material for the seat portion and the cushioning material for the back constituting the cushioning structure are used as a tension structure having a tension field. At least one of the cushioning material for the seating portion and the cushioning material for the back corresponds to the input shock. The magnitude of the vibration force changes the strain energy, thereby forming a structure that can change the tension in the tangential direction. The input has a small attenuation ratio to act on the attenuation characteristics with respect to the input with a small excitation force, and has an input with a large excitation force. Then, the damping characteristic is applied with a large damping ratio, and the seat structure can display the characteristic of the damping characteristic according to the magnitude of the input excitation force. The Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives in the present invention described in the second patent application scope) is characterized in that: in the seat structure described in the first patent application scope, the above buffer structure is provided to extend on a plane The easy directions are along the front-rear direction of the seat portion and the up-down direction of the back portion, and at the same time, the arrangement position near the boundary portion between the seat portion and the back is restricted, thereby forming a cushioning material for the seat portion that is located more forward than the vicinity of the boundary portion. Any position on the back and any position of the cushioning material for the back above the boundary part are used as the free end vibration system. The cushioning material for the seat part and the cushion for the back forming the vibration system are in accordance with Chinese national standards (CNS). ) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 〇〇109 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} At least one side of the material is corresponding to the magnitude of the input excitation force to make it flexible The strain energy of the tension structure formed by the body changes to change the tension in the tangential direction. At least the other side has a structure that shows the tension structure. The position of the spring characteristic with a relatively high normal direction, according to the combined effect of these different characteristics, can cause the excitation force input in the normal direction of the buffer material to be dispersed into the excitation force in the tangential direction. In the invention described in the above item, the seat structure described in item 1 of the patent application scope is characterized by providing a cushion for a seat portion that can exhibit attenuation characteristics with different attenuation ratios corresponding to the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the input. The material and the cushioning material for the back are formed by a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric formed by a pair of ground knit fabrics that are separated from each other by connecting yarns, and are installed on the seat with an elongation of 30% or less under no load. At the same time between the front and back side frames, in the range of contact with the human body, a curved surface with a protruding top is set on the front of the back above the seat, respectively. In the invention described in the above item, the seat structure described in item 1 of the patent application scope is characterized in that the cushioning material for the seat portion and the back are provided. The cushioning materials are formed by three-dimensional knitted fabrics formed by a pair of ground knitted fabrics arranged by connecting yarns to be separated from each other. Corresponding to the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the above input, different attenuation characteristics can be exhibited. Any of the above cushioning materials is stretched between 30% elongation or less between the side frame provided at the seat or the back when no load is applied, and in the contact area with the human body, a protruding top is provided at the upper part of the seat in front of the back. The shape of the curved surface. -8- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) The invention described in item 5 of the scope of the patent application has its characteristics In order to provide the seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, the cushioning material for the seat part and the cushioning material for the back are provided in accordance with the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the input and can exhibit different attenuation characteristics. A two-dimensional tension structure and a polyurethane layer with a polyurethane tension structure laminated on the two-dimensional tension structure, under no load An elongation of 30% or less at the same time disposed in stretched between the side portion or the back portion of the seat frame, the range of contact with the body, a front side portion on the seat back are provided protruding arc shape provided at the top. In the invention described in the sixth aspect of the patent application, the seat structure described in the first scope of the patent application is characterized in that the cushioning material for the seat portion and the cushioning material for the back are provided with a two-dimensional tension structure. And the polyurethane layer laminated on the two-dimensional tension structure has a polyurethane tension structure, which can exert different attenuation characteristics according to the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the input. Arbitrary cushioning materials are stretched between 30% elongation or less between the side frame of the seat or the back when no load is applied, and in the contact area with the human body, curved surfaces with protruding tops are provided on the front of the back above the seat respectively. shape. The invention described in claim 7 of the scope of patent application is characterized in that, in the seat structure described in any of claims 3 to 6 of the scope of patent application, a cushioning material for a seat portion showing the arc shape is provided. Or the top of the protruding portion of the back cushioning material is in a balanced state in contact with the human body, and is respectively offset and arranged above the front and back of the seat to form a deformable shape. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2】0、乂297公釐）經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 0iG9i A7 _一_____B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 申請專利範圍第8項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造中，提 ί共座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材的上述弧面形狀形成半徑爲200mm以上3000mm以下的範圍。申請專利範圍第9項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造中，提供顯示上述弧面形狀之座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材是在拱形側框架間張設於寬度方向。申請專利範圍第1 〇項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲··於申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造中，提供上述座位部用緩衝材形成弧面形狀，從側面顯示時，在座位部與背部的邊界1 〇〇 m ηι以上前方，座骨結節下更前方側具備頂部。申請專利範圍第Π項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造中，提供上述座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材的伸長率在上述伸長率30%以下的範圍中，部分爲不同之設置。申請專利範圍第1 2項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供在座骨結節下附近及腰椎附近，與其他位置比較以相對較高的伸長率張設。申請專利範圍第1 3項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供座位用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材中，對應構成上述輸入之激振力大小而可 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -10- 200301091 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _五、發明説明（7 ) 發揮衰減比不同之衰減特性的任一緩衝材，係配置於上層，彈性係數與人體筋肉的彈性係數近似之柔軟的第1聚氨基甲酸乙酯層；配置在中間層，線性度0.1以上，磁滯損耗率30%以下之復原性高的第2聚氨基甲酸乙酯層；配置在下層，顯示衰減比0.2以上之衰減特性的第3聚氨基甲酸乙酯層；及，層積在上述任意的層上，賦予切線方向張力之張力賦予構件的層積構造所構成。申請專利範圍第14項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供設有對應肩胛骨附近位置之撓曲量大，對應肩峰及/或腰椎附近位置之撓曲量小的上述背部用緩衝材。申請專利範圍第15項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1 4項記載之座椅構造中，提供對應上述肩胛骨附近位置的撓曲量爲50〜150mm的範圍。甲請專利範圍第16項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第14項記載之座椅構造中，提供對應上述肩月甲骨附近位置之平衡點附近的彈性係數在直徑20mm之壓縮板作用的負載特性下爲丨5N/mm以下，對應肩峰附近位置之平衡1點附近的彈性係數在直徑50mm之壓縮板作用的負載特性下爲0.2〜2.0N/mm以下，對應腰椎附近位置之平衡點附近白勺彈1生係數在直徑20mm之壓縮板作用的負載特性下爲 5 N / m m以上的範圍。 (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNs ) μ規格（21〇>< 297公釐） -11 - 200301031 Α7 Β7 經濟部智魅財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（8 ) 申請專利範圍第1 7項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供上述背部用緩衝材爲三維立體編織物所形成，支撐該三維立體編織物的 Μ架在預定以上的大撞擊性振動或外加撞擊力的場合變形 ’藉此降低三維立體編織物的張力之構成。申請專利範圍第1 8項記載之本發明中，其特徵爲：於申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造中，提供上述背部用緩衝材爲具備二維張力構造體及層積在該二維張力構造體之聚氨基甲酸乙酯的具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造體所形成 ’支撐該具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造的框架在預定以上的大撞擊性振動或外加撞擊力的場合變形，藉此降低具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造的張力之構成。 (作用）根據申請專利範圍第1項之本發明，座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材中，至少其中一方可藉著對應構成輸入激振力的大小而產生之彈性體的張力構造體之應變能的差，使沿著該緩衝材切線方向之張力變化的構造。藉此，可對應構成輸入激振力的大小發揮不同的衰減特性。激振力小的場合大的衰減特性作用時雖然不能除去所輸入之激振力，但是根據利用張力場特性的本發明，相對於激振力小的輸入，其衰減特性的作用小，而形成相對較大之座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材之彈簧特性的作用而可以除振。對此可以使激振力大的輸入振動能轉換成彈性體對張力構造之 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） _ 12 - 200301G91 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明（9 ) 應變能的同時，可降低座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材切線方向的張力，而可以相對較大的衰減比使衰減特性作用而釋出能量。根據申請專利範圍第2項之本發明，輸入激振力小之振動的場合，設於座位部的緩衝材及/或設於背部的緩衝材中，在任一方的緩衝材中，衰減特性小，相對較大之彈簧特性的作用。更詳細而言，平面上之張力構造的彈性係數槪略有2個，2個彈性係數中柔軟的彈性係數，亦即，將伸張容易側分別沿著座位部的前後方向，背部的上下方向張設。又，將座位部及背部的邊界部，朝後方拉伸，固定在框架材上。如以上張設時，可藉著座位部及背部的突出，使該等位置形成自由端，使邊界部形成構成固定端之一端固定另外端自由的彈性體之振動系，形成大的座椅構造而與1自由度振動系之習知構造不同，本發明係可形成賦予具有張力膜之振動系的構造。因此，使3種不同彈簧特性上下方向及前後方向複合作用，藉著彈性體構成之張力構造體的平面波產生之變形應變能的作用使上下振動轉換成前後振動。因此，相對於膜即使大的法線方向的彈性係數仍可以形成小的固有振動數，可以排除在人體的諧振範圍以外。利用該等彈簧特性的相互作用產生的相位差除去所輸入的激振力。另一方面，在進行撞擊力輸入時之激振力大的輸入場合’對於上述任一側之緩衝材產生大於轉換爲張力構造體之應變能的衰減特性。例如，座位部形成大的衰減特性作 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -13- 200301031 經濟部智慧財產局貞工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明（10 ) 用之構造時，隨著大變形而受上下方向之大撞擊性振動時，可藉著上述振動方向的轉換功能，形成作用於張力構造體的切線方向之大的應變能降低切線方向的張力降低撞擊性振動，可抑制對人體的回彈。又，即使對於前後方向的振動輸入，可藉著對相當於座位部及背部的臀部附近位置之身體的限制，降低座椅上的相對位移·加速度。又，可藉著背部之彈簧特性的附加，可調整衰減比形成小的負載依存性，有效地吸收振動能。另外，相對於隨著前後方向大位移之激振力大的輸入，可利用具備不同特性之背部用緩衝材與座位不用緩衝材間的相位差，在人體的後側斜向下方產生位移，主要藉著座位部側之應變能的轉換所形‘ 高的衰減特性散出能源。同樣地，形成對背部作用大的衰減特性之構造的場合 ’衝突時等即使對前後方向外加大的撞擊性振動時，仍可抑制人體項前方的回彈，尤其是可藉著轉換爲作用於人體背部之應變能所產生大的衰減特性，抑制人體的回彈。換g之，本發明之特徵爲，藉著對座位部與背部的限制’使背部與座位部形成一體的運動，更使該等具備不同的特性’組合藉以產生相位差之運動方向的轉換功能，及座位部與背部間不同特性所產生的運動能，形成可利用於轉換爲彈性體之張力構造體的切線方向之應變能的振動衰減功能及膜振動特性的構造，藉此，例如輸入高頻帶之振動小之振幅的振動時，可利用緩衝材的彈簧特性或膜的橫向振動除振的同時，相對於大振幅的振動，可利用大的衰 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumer Goods Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (2) 0, 乂 297 mm. Printed by the Consumer Goods Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. V. Description of the invention (6) In the invention described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, the invention is characterized in that: in the seat structure described in any one of the scope of claims 3 to 6, the common seat portion is provided The above-mentioned curved surface shape of the buffer material or the back buffer material forms a range of a radius of 200 mm to 3000 mm. The invention described in claim 9 of the scope of patent application is characterized in that, in the seat structure described in any of claims 3 to 6 of the scope of patent application, a cushioning material for a seat portion showing the arc shape is provided. Or the back cushioning material is stretched in the width direction between the arched side frames. In the invention described in the scope of patent application No. 10, it is characterized in that: in the seat structure described in any of the scope of patent applications No. 3 to 6, the cushioning material for the seat portion is provided to form an arc surface. The shape, when viewed from the side, is provided at a distance of 100 m or more in front of the boundary between the seat portion and the back, and further provided with a top portion below the seat tubercle. In the present invention described in the scope of the patent application No. Π, it is characterized in that, in the seat structure described in any of the scope of the patent application Nos. 3 to 6, the cushion material for the seat part or the cushion material for the back is provided The elongation is in the range of 30% or less, and some of them are different. In the invention described in item 12 of the scope of patent application, it is characterized in that, in the seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, it is provided near the seat tubercle and near the lumbar spine. The elongation is stretched. The invention described in item 13 of the scope of patent application is characterized in that, in the seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the cushioning material for the seat and the cushioning material for the back are provided to correspond to the excitation constituting the above input. It ’s ok (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -10- 200301091 Printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 _V. Description of the invention (7) Any buffer material exhibiting attenuation characteristics with different attenuation ratios is a soft first polyurethane layer disposed on the upper layer and having an elastic coefficient similar to that of human muscles; Intermediate layer, a second polyurethane layer with a high linearity of 0.1 or more and a hysteresis loss ratio of 30% or less; a third polyurethane layer that is disposed on the lower layer and exhibits attenuation characteristics of 0.2 or more And a layered structure of a tension imparting member that is laminated on any of the above layers and that imparts tension in the tangential direction. In the invention described in claim 14 of the scope of patent application, it is characterized in that the seat structure described in claim 1 of the scope of patent application is provided with a large amount of deflection corresponding to the position near the scapula, corresponding to the acromion and / or lumbar spine The above-mentioned back cushioning material has a small amount of deflection in the vicinity. The invention described in claim 15 is characterized in that, in the seat structure described in claim 14 in the scope of patent application, a range of deflection corresponding to the position near the scapula is 50 to 150 mm. A. The invention described in item 16 of the patent scope is characterized in that: in the seat structure described in item 14 of the patent scope of application, the elasticity coefficient near the balance point corresponding to the position near the shoulder and moon bone is provided at a diameter of 20mm. The load characteristic of the compression plate is 5N / mm or less, and the elastic coefficient near the point corresponding to the balance near the shoulder peak is 0.2 ~ 2.0N / mm or less under the load characteristic of the 50mm diameter compression plate, which corresponds to the vicinity of the lumbar spine. Near the equilibrium point of the position, the production coefficient of the bomb is in the range of 5 N / mm or more under the load characteristics of a compression plate with a diameter of 20 mm. (Read the precautions on the back before you fill in this page.) This paper size applies Chinese National Standards (CNs) μ specifications (21〇 > < 297 mm) -11-200301031 Α7 Β7 Employees ’Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economy Printed by the cooperative V. Description of the invention (8) In the invention described in item 17 of the scope of patent application, the feature is that in the seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the above-mentioned cushioning material for the back is provided in three dimensions. The M frame formed by the knitted fabric, which supports the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric, is deformed in the case of a large impact vibration or an impact force that is more than predetermined, thereby reducing the tension of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric. In the invention described in claim 18, it is characterized in that, in the seat structure described in claim 1, the cushioning material for the back is provided with a two-dimensional tension structure and is laminated in the two. The polyurethane tension structure formed by the polyurethane tension structure has a polyurethane tension structure formed to support the frame with the polyurethane tension structure. The frame is deformed in the event of a large impact vibration or an external impact force. , Thereby reducing the tension structure having a polyurethane tension structure. (Function) According to the invention of item 1 of the scope of the patent application, at least one of the cushioning material for the seat portion and the cushioning material for the back can be made of an elastic tension structure that corresponds to the magnitude of the input excitation force. A structure in which the difference in strain energy changes the tension along the tangential direction of the cushioning material. Thereby, different attenuation characteristics can be exhibited according to the magnitude of the input excitation force. In the case where the excitation force is small when the large attenuation characteristic is applied, although the input excitation force cannot be removed, according to the present invention that uses the tension field characteristic, the attenuation characteristic has a smaller effect than the input with a small excitation force, resulting in The relatively large cushioning material for the seat portion or the cushioning material for the back can dampen vibration due to the spring characteristics. For this, the input vibration energy with large excitation force can be converted into the tension structure of the elastomer (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) _ 12-200301G91 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) While strain energy, it can reduce the tension in the tangential direction of the cushioning material for the seat or the cushioning material for the back, and can be relatively large The attenuation ratio causes the attenuation characteristics to release energy. According to the invention of item 2 of the scope of patent application, when a vibration with a small excitation force is input, the cushioning material provided on the seat portion and / or the cushioning material provided on the back portion has a small attenuation characteristic in either of the cushioning materials. The effect of relatively large spring characteristics. In more detail, the elastic coefficient 槪 of the tension structure on the plane is slightly two. Among the two elastic coefficients, the elastic coefficient is soft, that is, the easy stretch side is respectively extended in the front-back direction of the seat portion and the vertical direction of the back portion is stretched. Assume. Further, the boundary portion between the seat portion and the back portion is stretched rearward and fixed to the frame material. As shown above, the seat and back can protrude to make these positions free ends, and the boundary part can form a vibration system of an elastic body that is fixed at one end and free at the other end to form a large seat structure. In contrast to the conventional structure of a one-degree-of-freedom vibration system, the present invention can form a structure that imparts a vibration system having a tension film. Therefore, three different spring characteristics are combined in the up-down direction and the back-and-forth direction, and the up-and-down vibration is converted into the back-and-forth vibration by the action of the deformation strain energy generated by the plane wave of the tension structure composed of the elastic body. Therefore, even with a large normal coefficient of elasticity relative to the film, a small natural vibration number can be formed, which can be excluded from the resonance range of the human body. The phase difference caused by the interaction of these spring characteristics is used to remove the input excitation force. On the other hand, an input field having a large excitation force when an impact force is inputted 'has a damping characteristic for the buffer material on either side that is greater than the strain energy converted into a tensile structure. For example, the seat has a large attenuation characteristic (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -13- 200301031 Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 printed by Zhengong Consumer Cooperative Co., Ltd. 5. Description of the invention (10) When the structure is used, when it is subjected to large impact vibration in the up and down direction with large deformation, the above-mentioned function of changing the vibration direction can be used to form a tension structure. The large strain in the tangential direction of the body can reduce the tension in the tangential direction, reduce the impact vibration, and can suppress the rebound to the human body. In addition, even with respect to the vibration input in the front-rear direction, it is possible to reduce the relative displacement and acceleration on the seat by restricting the body corresponding to the position near the buttocks of the seat and the back. In addition, by adding the spring characteristics of the back, the attenuation ratio can be adjusted to form a small load dependency, and the vibration energy can be effectively absorbed. In addition, compared with the input of large excitation force with large displacement in the front-rear direction, the phase difference between the back cushioning material with different characteristics and the seat cushioning material without different characteristics can be used to produce a displacement obliquely downward at the rear side of the human body. Energy is dissipated by the high attenuation characteristic by the conversion of strain energy on the seat side. Similarly, in the case of a structure that has a large attenuation characteristic that acts on the back, it can suppress springback in front of the human body, even in the case of collision, such as when the impact vibration increases in the front-rear direction. In particular, it can be converted to act on The strain energy of the back of the human body produces a large attenuation characteristic, which suppresses the rebound of the human body. In other words, the feature of the present invention is that, by restricting the seat and the back, 'the movement of the back and the seat is integrated, so that these have different characteristics', the combination is used to generate a phase difference in the direction of movement of the movement function And the kinetic energy generated by the different characteristics between the seat and the back form a vibration attenuation function and a membrane vibration characteristic structure that can be used to convert the strain energy in the tangential direction of the tension structure of the elastic body, for example, by inputting high For vibrations with small amplitudes in the frequency band, you can use the spring characteristics of the cushioning material or the transverse vibration of the membrane to eliminate vibrations. At the same time, large attenuations can be used for large amplitude vibrations (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page)

本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -14- 200301G31 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明（11 ) 減特性抑制從人體之各緩衝材的推出力。根據申請專利範圍第3〜10項記載之本發明，由於具有弧面形狀，因此形成該弧面形狀之突出部產生的應變能在激振力小的場合與大的場合不同，可顯著發揮上述各作用〇根據申請專利範圍第丨丨或丨2項記載之本發明，由於預先形成高彈簧特性作用的位置及高衰減特性作用位置，因此更可有效地發揮上述各作用。根據申請專利範圍第1 3項記載之本發明，以預定順序層積不同特性之聚氨基甲酸乙酯材料，可藉以發揮上述各作用。根據申請專利範圍第14〜16項記載之本發明，除了可顯著發揮上述各作用的同時，更可獲的乘坐舒適度的改善。根據申請專利範圍第1 7或1 8項記載之本發明，受到預定以上之大撞擊性振動或撞擊力時，可藉著緩衝材張力的降低，更可以抑制對人體的回彈。〔實施方式〕根據圖面顯示之實施形態更詳細說明本發明如下。 (第1實施形態）第1圖是表示本發明第1實施形態之座椅構造1的槪略透視圖。如該圖所示，本實施形態中，具備座位部】〇與背部 2〇的同時’座位部1 〇係形成具有較水平面突出上方的突出 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -15- 200301031 A7 五、發明説明（12 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項存填寫本貢) 部11之弧面形狀的構造。具體而言，使用彎曲呈拱狀以作爲相對於寬度方向配置之側框架1 2、1 3，該等側框架1 2、1 3 間，張設構成座位部用緩衝材14的三維立體編織物，藉此形成突出部11的構造。經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製因此，突出部1 1的頂部1 la係形成於對應彎曲呈拱狀之側框架1 2、1 3頂部的位置上。因此，可藉著突出部11的形成，如第2圖所示，著位時人體接觸以至平衡狀態爲止，突出部11的頂部1 la可朝著前方伸出移動而使突出部11的形狀變形，同時使張力產生變化。因此，可藉著張力的變化，獲得順應人體的感覺。又，大的激振力輸入時，著位者的臀部相對地沉入，使突出部11之頂部11 a的位置更朝著前方伸出變形。同時，使後方的背部用緩衝材24產生變形，藉著背部用緩衝材24產生復原力。藉此，座位部用緩衝材14 即使以預定的張力張設於側框架1 2、1 3之間的場合，在輸入大的激振力時，使張力更爲提高而非提高彈性，係利用伸出突出部11之頂部1 la前方的位移與背部用緩衝材24的復原力，散逸出輸入能。亦即，本構造係形成將1自由度系之振動特性組合於膜的振動特性。並且，振動模式中振幅形成0的節位置以形成在著位者的重心位置（座骨結節）爲佳〇換言之，本實施形態是對應構成輸入之激振力的大小與沿著其頂部1U移動朝著前後方向伸出的切線方向之突出部1 1的變形舉動（變形方式）不同。其結果，可以藉著對應激振力大小不同之彈性體所產生的張力構造體的應變能 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） 200301091 A7 B7 五、發明説明（13 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ，使切線方向產生的張力變化’小變形時作用的衰減比小，大變形時作用的衰減比大。並且，該應變能可同時根據著位者的體重（負載質量）而變化。因此，即使負載質量不同時，可以使著位時之應變能產生的張力形成對應負載値量的狀態，可改變彈性係數或衰減係數，因此不須依附於負載質量而可同樣發揮對應所輸入之激振力大小產生的上述衰減比，形成無負載質量依附性之衰減特性。突出部11的頂部1 la在可實現相對作用的位置上，形成可與人體接觸的範圍中。但是，側視圖是位在較著位者之座骨結節下的前方位置’以從座位部10與背部20的邊界設置位於100mm以上前方的範圍爲佳。隨著激振力的輸入，座骨結節附近相對地沉入時，可藉著朝頂部1 1 a前方的伸出而順利地作用。經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製形成弧面形狀之突出部11的半徑，以配合座椅的大小選擇半徑200mm〜3000mm的範圍爲佳。小於半徑200mm時，突出部11之頂部11a的***高度過高，會損及著位感，大於半徑3000mm時，座位部表面整體則會接***坦，不容易發揮因突出部11的位移使衰減特性變化的本發明特徵。張設於側框架1 2、1 3間之本實施形態的三維立體編織物所成的座位部用緩衝材14是張設在寬度方向伸長率3 0 %以下。使用三維立體編織物作爲緩衝材時，以往尤其是爲了充分發揮其衰減特性功能，必須要以小於伸長率3 %以下張設，但是本實施形態的場合，由於形成具備上述突出部U 的弧面形狀，因此即使在伸長率5 %以上張設，仍可相對於 -17- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 200301091 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印^ A7 B7 ___五、發明説明（14 ) 激振力大的輸入發揮充分的衰減特性。又，如上述以5 %以上30%以下的伸長率張設時，具有可降低側框架12、13等異物感的優點。當然，側框架1 2、1 3間最狹窄的相對距離取 3 80nim以上時，也可以伸長率〇%以上5%以下張設，其場合，較以往能發揮更大衰減力的功能。此外，上述任意場合，側框架1 2、1 3等的異物感不僅是伸長率，也會因作爲座位部用緩衝材14使用的三維立體編織物之厚度等而有不同 ’因此在降低作用之異物感時，在三維立體編織物與側框架1 2、1 3等的框架材之間，以間隔聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材或其他的三維立體編織物等爲佳。本實施形態中，構成背部20之緩衝材（背部用緩衝材 )24同樣使用三維立體編織物。背部2〇並非在肩胛骨下方形成突出部’而是作爲側框架22、23，從腰椎部至相當於肩胛骨附近的位置爲止使前端緣以大致直線型，較相當於肩評骨附近位置更上部的位置上，形成以大約2 〇〇 m m〜大約 30 00mm的範圍向後方翹曲的形狀。其結果，使以肩胛骨附近爲頂點的弧面形狀可同時形成此一位置。三維立體編織物所成的背部用緩衝材24在該側框架23 ' 24間雖是以上述座位部用緩衝材14相同伸長率3〇%以下張 δ又’但是側框架23、24的前端緣較肩胛骨附近約2〇〇mm〜約 3 000mm範圍於上部形成向後方翹曲的形狀，因此大的負載作用於背部用緩衝材24的場合，如第2圖中沿著縱剖面方向貫線表不的形狀線所示，肩胛骨附近向後方撓曲的量，較肩評骨附近使上部之背部用緩衝材24形成向上方突出地脫本紙張尺度賴隊標準（CNS ) ^規格（ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 200301031 A7 B7 _ 五、發明説明（15) 離，使其形狀變化。相對於此，腰椎部係於前後方向形成彈性強的位置。其結果，可有效地分散著位者背部的負載 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ，於腰椎部不但獲得支撐感，較肩胛骨附近上部可獲得衰減。亦即，在同一平面上可形成具有彈性與衰減性的構造 0 背部用緩衝材24，如上述可於肩胛骨附近形成大的撓曲，藉此在承受大的前後負載時，人體的背部整體，即從腰椎部至肩胛骨附近爲止可大致保持著位時的姿勢，就其狀態形成朝後方位移。藉此，承受大的前後負載時，藉著背部用緩衝材24的衰減特性與腰椎部之彈簧特性的組合，可確保人體之背部整體的衰減比，以保護人體。假設腰椎部附近形成大的撓曲構成時，從側面顯示時人體係形成大的大致V字型。並且，形成小的彈簧特性的賦予率而具有負載依存性，相對於背部用緩衝材24之人體的衰減作用會因人而改變，因此對於座位部用緩衝材必須設置賦予新的柔軟彈性的構造，其構造形成複雜化。經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製因此，作爲形成背部20之側框架22、23，如上述腰椎部的突出具有小的，直線或變形的大曲率，採用從肩胛骨附近使上部朝後方翹曲形狀之物，同時將配置在側框架22 、2 3之上端間的上部框架2 5的位置配置在後方，藉此以設置背部用緩衝材24對應肩胛骨附近位置的撓曲量大，對應腰椎部附近位置的撓曲量小爲佳。背部用緩衝材24之肩胛骨附近的撓曲量以50mm〜150mm爲佳。並且，具有作用於背部用緩衝材24的功能，因此在肩胛骨附近可確保20mm以上本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨〇'〆297公釐）-19 - 20030iG9i A7 __ B7 五、發明説明（16) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 之平衡點爲止的進程，使平衡點附近的彈性係數以直徑 20mm之壓縮板加壓時的負載特性形成15N/40mm以下，在腰椎部附近以至平衡點附近爲止的進程在40mm以下，平衡點附近的彈性係數以可以調整張設時的伸長率等，使直徑 20mm之壓縮板力D壓時的負載特性形成5N/mm以上爲佳。又，採肩胛骨附近之撓曲量大的構成時，相對於運轉時所輸入的激振力，爲了抑制頭部的擺動減小蓄積疲勞，對應肩峰附近位置的撓曲量，與對應肩胛骨附近的撓曲量比較，以較小的爲佳，並以設定至平衡點附近爲止的進程在30mm以下爲佳。另外，此時之肩峰附近的彈性係數是設定以直徑50mm之壓縮板按壓時所測定的彈性係數形成 0.2〜2.ON/mm爲佳。藉以上的構成，如上所述對應肩峰附近的位置具有實質上可固定頭部的功能可抑制蓄積疲勞的同時，相關的位置，即可實現作爲肩峰靠部的功能，減小因左右搖擺、轉動等造成人體上部的擺動，並可減小作用於手腕握持方向盤時的力矩、應力、負載。因此，可安心輕握方向盤，具有減輕掌握方向盤疲勞的功能。經濟部智慧財產局S(工消費合作社印製座位部用緩衝材14與背部用緩衝材24是分別成形所得，並可同樣地獨立張設在構成座位部1 〇與背部20的各框架上，提高從人體臀部至腰部的支撐性，且爲了輸入大的振幅振動時的衰減性，及吸收振動使骨盤與胸椎以同相位移動，以一體形成爲佳。此時，可以使用一片三維立體編織物形成座位部用緩衝材14與背部用緩衝材24 ’或者兩者分別成形，縫合座位部用緩衝材1 4與背部用緩衝材24的下部 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） 200301031 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（17) 形成一體化。再者，具備座位部用緩衝材1 4與背部用緩衝材24所成之本實施形態的緩衝構造是如上述藉張設於各框架部而形成張力構造體，該等邊界附近是向後方伸展固定於任意框架設置所成。因此，該等邊界部附近形成振動系的固定端，沿著形成上述形狀之突出部11的頂部或背部用緩衝材24 之後方的部分，對應著位者的負載或形成輸入的激振力構成可自由變形之振動系的自由端。其結果，如上述，可產生張力構造體之應變能的切線方向的張力變化。又，在著位者的座骨結節下或腰椎部份附近，可容易實現彈簧特性的功能，形成弧面形狀之突出部1 1沿著前緣部附近或背部後方的部分，以張設形成容易因張力構造體之應變能而朝著切線方向變形爲佳。因此，即使如上述以伸長率30%以下張設時，以根據不同位置的伸長率張設爲佳，其中並可相對提高座骨結節下或腰椎部附近的伸長率設定，其他以外的位置，例如從形成弧面形狀的突出部11沿著前緣部附近或背部後方的部分以相對較低的伸長率張設爲佳。針對形成上述座位部用緩衝材1 4及背部用緩衝材24之三維立體編織物的構造說明如下。三維立體編織物是以連結系結合互相分開配置之一對地紋針織物彼此間所形成。具體而言，如第3圖表示，三維立體編織物1〇〇是由具有互相分開配置之一對地紋針織物1 1 〇、1 20，及往返於該一對地紋針織物1 1 〇、1 20間結合兩者之多數連結紗線1 30的立體 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} -裝. 、-5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇χ 297公釐） -21 - ο 2 0iG3i Μ __ Β7 五、發明説明（18) 三維構造所構成。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一側之地紋針織物11 〇 ’例如第4圖所示，從撚單纖維紗線，同時以縱行方向及橫行方向的任意方向連續之平面針織物組織（細網眼）形成。相對於此，另外側之地紋針織物1 20是例如第5圖所示，從撚單纖維形成具有蜂巢狀（六角形）的網眼之一側爲地紋針織物120的大編織網眼構造。當然，該針織物組織僅爲其中一例，也可以採用細網眼組織或蜂巢狀以外的針織物組織。連結紗線1 30係編入該一對地紋針織物 11〇、120間，以預定間隔保持一側之地紋針織物110與另外側地紋針織物120，賦予形成立體網眼編織之三維立體編織物100預定的剛性。形成地紋針織物110、1 20之地紋紗線的粗細等，立體針織物必須具備有堅韌的強度，同時選擇編成作業不困難的範圍物。又，可使用單絲作爲地紋紗線，但是從手感及表面觸感的柔軟度等的觀點，則以使用複絲或短纖維紗爲佳。經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製連結紗線130是以使用複絲爲佳，粗細以167〜1100分特的範圍物爲佳。複絲不能賦予復原力良好的緩衝性，且粗細低於1 67分特以下時不易獲得韌性的強度，而大於丨丨00分特時，則會過硬而不能獲得適度的彈性。亦即，採用上述範圍的複絲作爲連結紗線1 3 0時，著位者的負載可藉著構成各地紋針織物110、120之線圈的變形與連結紗線13〇的變形 (傾倒及壓曲），或者可對於變形的連結紗線以複與彈簧特性的鄰接後之連結紗線1 3 0的復原力加以支持，可構成具本紙張尺度適用中國國家榇準（CNS ) A4規格（21 Οχ 297公釐）This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -14- 200301G31 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) The reduction characteristics suppress the various cushioning materials from the human body Launch force. According to the invention described in claims 3 to 10 of the scope of the patent application, since it has a curved surface shape, the strain energy generated by the protruding portion forming the curved surface shape is different from the case where the excitation force is small and the case where it is large. Each effect 0 According to the invention described in item 丨丨 or 丨 2 of the scope of the patent application, since the positions of the high spring characteristic action and the high attenuation characteristic action positions are formed in advance, the above-mentioned respective effects can be more effectively exerted. According to the present invention described in item 13 of the scope of the patent application, polyurethane materials with different characteristics are laminated in a predetermined order, thereby exerting the above-mentioned functions. According to the present invention described in claims 14 to 16 of the scope of patent application, in addition to the above-mentioned respective effects, the improvement in riding comfort can be obtained. According to the invention described in item 17 or 18 of the scope of the patent application, when receiving a large impact vibration or impact force above a predetermined value, it is possible to suppress the rebound of the human body by reducing the tension of the buffer material. [Embodiment] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings as follows. (First Embodiment) Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a seat structure 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, the seat portion is provided. At the same time as the back 20, the seat portion 10 is formed with a protrusion protruding above the horizontal surface (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -15- 200301031 A7 V. Description of the invention (12) (Please read the notes on the back first and fill in this tribute) The structure of the arc surface of Part 11. Specifically, a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric constituting a cushioning material 14 for a seat portion is stretched out by using side frames 1 2, 1 3 that are curved in an arch shape to be disposed with respect to the width direction. Thus, the structure of the protruding portion 11 is formed. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Therefore, the top portion 1 a of the protruding portion 11 is formed at the position corresponding to the top of the side frame 1 2, 1 3 that is curved and arched. Therefore, by forming the protruding portion 11, as shown in FIG. 2, when the human body comes into contact with the body until it is in a balanced state, the top portion 11a of the protruding portion 11 can be moved forward to deform the shape of the protruding portion 11. , While making the tension change. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a feeling conforming to the human body through the change in tension. In addition, when a large excitation force is input, the hips of the wearer sink relatively, so that the position of the top portion 11a of the protruding portion 11 is further deformed toward the front. At the same time, the rear back cushion material 24 is deformed, and the back cushion material 24 generates a restoring force. With this, even when the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion is stretched between the side frames 1 2 and 1 3 with a predetermined tension, when a large excitation force is input, the tension is increased rather than the elasticity is increased. The displacement in front of the top portion 11a of the protruding portion 11 and the restoring force of the back cushioning material 24 dissipate input energy. That is, the structure is formed by combining the vibration characteristics of the 1-degree-of-freedom system with the vibration characteristics of the film. In addition, it is preferable that the position of the node where the amplitude is 0 in the vibration mode is formed at the position of the center of gravity (the nodule of the osteosynthesis) of the wearer. In other words, this embodiment corresponds to the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the input and the 1U movement along the top. The deformation behavior (deformation method) of the protrusions 11 in the tangential direction extending in the front-back direction is different. As a result, the strain energy of the tension structure produced by elastic bodies with different magnitudes of excitation force can be used. -16- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 200301091 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (13) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page), so that the tension change in the tangential direction is small, the attenuation ratio is small when the deformation is large, and the attenuation ratio is large when the large deformation is large. In addition, the strain energy can be changed according to the weight (loading mass) of the wearer. Therefore, even when the load masses are different, the tension generated by the strain energy at the time of placement can be made to correspond to the amount of load, and the coefficient of elasticity or attenuation can be changed. Therefore, it is not necessary to rely on the load mass and can also play the corresponding input. The above-mentioned attenuation ratio caused by the magnitude of the excitation force forms the attenuation characteristic of the unloaded mass dependence. The top portion 11a of the protruding portion 11 is formed in a range capable of contacting the human body at a position where the relative action can be achieved. However, it is preferable that the side view is located in a forward position under the seat bone nodules of the relatively seated person, and it is preferable to set a range of 100 mm or more from the boundary between the seat portion 10 and the back portion 20. With the input of the excitation force, when the vicinity of the socket bone nodule sinks relatively, it can work smoothly by extending forward to the top 1 1 a. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The radius of the arc-shaped protrusions 11 is selected to match the size of the seat. It is better to select a radius of 200mm ~ 3000mm. When the radius is less than 200mm, the raised height of the top portion 11a of the protrusion 11 is too high, which will damage the feeling of positioning. When the radius is greater than 3000mm, the entire surface of the seat portion will be nearly flat, and it is not easy to exert the attenuation characteristics due to the displacement of the protrusion 11. Varying features of the invention. The cushioning material 14 for a seat portion made of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of this embodiment, which is stretched between the side frames 1, 2, and 13, is stretched in a width direction with an elongation of 30% or less. When a three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as a cushioning material, in order to fully exert its attenuation characteristics, it has been necessary to stretch it with an elongation of less than 3%. However, in this embodiment, a curved surface having the protruding portion U is formed. Shape, so even if the elongation is more than 5%, it can still be relative to -17- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 200301091 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ A7 B7 ___ V. Description of the invention (14) The input with large excitation force exerts sufficient attenuation characteristics. In addition, when stretched as described above with an elongation of 5% or more and 30% or less, there is an advantage that the feeling of foreign objects such as the side frames 12, 13 can be reduced. Of course, when the narrowest relative distance between the side frames 1, 2, and 3 is more than 3 80nim, the elongation can be extended from 0% to 5%, and in this case, the function of exerting greater attenuation force can be exerted. In addition, in any of the above cases, the feeling of foreign objects such as the side frames 1 2, 1 and 3 is not only the elongation, but also the thickness of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric used as the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion. For foreign body sensation, it is preferable to use a spacer polyurethane foam or other three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric between the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric and the frame materials such as the side frames 1 2, 13 and the like. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is also used as the cushioning material (back cushioning material) 24 constituting the back 20. The back 20 does not form a protrusion below the scapula, but serves as side frames 22 and 23. The front edge is approximately straight from the lumbar vertebra to a position corresponding to the vicinity of the scapula, which is higher than the position corresponding to the vicinity of the scapula. In position, it is formed in a shape warped rearward in a range of about 200 mm to about 30,000 mm. As a result, the arcuate shape with the apex near the scapula can form this position at the same time. The three-dimensional braided back cushioning material 24 is formed between the side frames 23 ′ and 24 ′ by using the seat material cushioning material 14 having the same elongation ratio of 30% or less, but the front edges of the side frames 23 and 24. A shape that warps backwards from about 200mm to about 3,000mm near the scapula. Therefore, when a large load is applied to the back cushioning material 24, as shown in FIG. 2 along the longitudinal section. As shown by the shape line, the amount of deflection in the vicinity of the scapula toward the rear makes the upper back buffer material 24 protruding higher than the vicinity of the scapula. The standard (CNS) ^ specifications ((please first Read the notes on the back and fill in this page again) 200301031 A7 B7 _ V. Description of the invention (15) to make the shape change. In contrast, the lumbar spine is formed in a position with strong elasticity in the front-back direction. As a result, it can be effectively used Disperse the load on the back of the wearer (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). Not only can you get a supportive feeling in the lumbar spine, but it can be attenuated compared to the upper part near the scapula. That is, it can be formed on the same plane with elasticity and Attenuating structure 0 The cushioning material 24 for the back can form a large deflection near the scapula as described above, so that the entire back of the human body, that is, from the lumbar spine to the vicinity of the scapula, can be maintained substantially when subjected to large forward and backward loads. The posture at the time of the position shifts backward depending on its state. Therefore, when a large forward and backward load is received, the attenuation of the back cushioning material 24 and the spring characteristics of the lumbar spine can ensure the attenuation of the entire back of the human body. In order to protect the human body. If a large flexure is formed near the lumbar spine, the human system will form a large approximately V shape when it is displayed from the side. Furthermore, it will have a small spring-characterization rate and have load dependence. The damping effect of the back cushioning material 24 varies from person to person. Therefore, the cushioning material for the seat must be provided with a structure that imparts new softness and elasticity, and its structure is complicated. Therefore, as the side frames 22, 23 forming the back 20, the protrusions of the lumbar spine as described above have a small, straight or deformed large curvature, The upper frame 25, which is placed between the upper ends of the side frames 22, 2 3, is rearwardly shaped from the vicinity of the scapula, and the back cushioning material 24 is provided to correspond to the vicinity of the scapula. The amount of deflection at the position is large, and the amount of deflection corresponding to the position near the lumbar spine is preferably small. The amount of deflection near the scapula of the back cushioning material 24 is preferably 50 mm to 150 mm. Function, so it can be ensured that the size of the paper is more than 20mm near the scapula. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨〇'〆297mm) -19-20030iG9i A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (16) (Please read first Note on the back, please fill in this page again.) The process until the equilibrium point is such that the elastic coefficient near the equilibrium point is 15N / 40mm or less with the load characteristics when the compression plate with a diameter of 20mm is pressed, near the lumbar spine and near the equilibrium point. The process is below 40mm, and the elastic coefficient near the equilibrium point can be adjusted to adjust the elongation at the time of deployment, etc., so that the load characteristic when the compression plate force D with a diameter of 20mm is 5N / mm or more is . In addition, when a configuration with a large amount of deflection near the scapula is adopted, the amount of deflection corresponding to the position near the scapula is matched with the amount of deflection near the scapula in order to suppress the vibration of the head and reduce accumulated fatigue with respect to the excitation force input during operation. It is better to compare the amount of deflection with smaller, and it is better to set the progress to the vicinity of the equilibrium point below 30mm. In addition, the elastic coefficient near the shoulder peak at this time is preferably set to a value of 0.2 to 2. ON / mm measured when the elastic coefficient measured when a compression plate with a diameter of 50 mm is pressed. With the above structure, as described above, the position near the acromion has the function of substantially fixing the head, which can suppress the accumulation of fatigue. At the same time, the relevant position can achieve the function of the acromion and reduce the left and right swing. , Rotation, etc. cause the upper part of the human body to swing, and can reduce the moment, stress and load acting on the wrist while holding the steering wheel. Therefore, you can hold the steering wheel with peace of mind and have the function of reducing the fatigue of grasping the steering wheel. The Intellectual Property Bureau S of the Ministry of Economic Affairs It is better to improve the support from the human hip to the waist, and in order to input the attenuation of large amplitude vibration, and absorb the vibration to move the bone disc and the thoracic spine in the same phase, and it is better to be integrated. At this time, a three-dimensional knitted fabric can be used. Form the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion and the cushioning material 24 'for the back portion or both, and stitch the lower portion of the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion and the lower portion of the cushioning material 24 for the back portion-20.-This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X 297 mm) 200301031 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (17) Integration. In addition, it is composed of a cushion material 14 for the seat and a cushion material 24 for the back. The buffer structure of this embodiment is formed as a tension structure by being stretched on each frame part as described above, and the vicinity of these boundaries is fixed to an arbitrary frame and stretched backward. Therefore, the fixed end of the vibration system is formed near these boundary portions, and along the part of the top or back of the protruding portion 11 forming the above-mentioned shape, the portion behind the cushioning material 24 corresponds to the load of the person or the input excitation. The force constitutes the free end of the freely deformable vibration system. As a result, as described above, the tension change in the tangential direction of the strain energy of the tension structure can be generated. In addition, under the seat bone nodule or near the lumbar spine of the wearer, It is easy to realize the function of the spring characteristic. It is preferable that the arc-shaped protruding portion 11 is stretched along the vicinity of the front edge portion or the portion behind the back to easily deform in the tangential direction due to the strain energy of the tension structure. Even if the elongation is set below 30% as described above, the elongation according to different positions is the best. Among them, the elongation setting under the nodule or near the lumbar spine can be set relatively. Other positions, such as from The arc-shaped protrusion 11 is preferably stretched at a relatively low elongation rate along a portion near the front edge portion or behind the back portion. The structure of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of the material 14 and the back cushioning material 24 is described below. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is formed by a pair of ground knitted fabrics which are separated from each other by a connection system. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 It is shown that the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 is connected by a plurality of ground patterns knitted fabrics 1 1 0 and 1 20 which are separated from each other, and a pair of ground pattern knitted fabrics 1 1 10 and 1 20 are connected to each other. Yarn 1 30 dimensional (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} -pack. 、 -5 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (21〇χ 297 mm) -21-ο 2 0iG3i Μ __ B7 V. Description of the invention (18) Three-dimensional structure. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) As shown in Figure 4, the ground pattern knitted fabric on one side is as shown in Figure 4. It is a flat surface that twists single fiber yarns in both the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction. Knitted structure (fine mesh) is formed. On the other hand, the ground stitch fabric 120 on the other side has a large knitted mesh structure with a ground pattern knitted fabric 120 formed on one side of a mesh having a honeycomb shape (hexagon) from twisted single fibers, as shown in FIG. 5, for example. Of course, this knitted fabric structure is only one example, and a fine mesh structure or a knitted fabric structure other than a honeycomb shape may be used. The connecting yarns 1 30 are knitted into the pair of ground pattern knitted fabrics 110 and 120, and the ground pattern knitted fabric 110 and the ground pattern knitted fabric 120 on the other side are held at a predetermined interval, and a three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 forming a three-dimensional mesh is provided. Predetermined rigidity. The thickness of the ground pattern yarns for forming the ground pattern knitted fabrics 110, 120, etc., must be strong enough for the three-dimensional knitted fabrics, and at the same time select a range that is not difficult to knit. Monofilament yarns can be used as ground weave yarns. However, from the viewpoints of softness of the feel and surface touch, it is preferable to use multifilament yarns or staple fiber yarns. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The connecting yarn 130 is preferably made of multifilament, and the thickness is preferably in the range of 167 to 1100 dtex. Multifilament cannot provide good cushioning properties for restoring force, and it is difficult to obtain toughness when the thickness is less than 1 67 dtex, and when it is more than 00 dtex, it is too hard to obtain moderate elasticity. That is, when the multi-filament yarn in the above range is used as the connecting yarn 130, the load of the wearer can be caused by the deformation of the stitches constituting the knitted fabrics 110 and 120 and the deformation of the connecting yarn 13 (dumping and pressing). Or it can support the resilience of the deformed connection yarn with the adjacency of the connection yarn 1 3 0 which is adjacent to the spring characteristics, and can constitute the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 standard (21 Οχ 297 mm)

3 03i3 03i

經濟部智慈財產局員工涓費合作社印製有柔軟特性不產生應力集中的柔軟構造。又，可藉著連結紗線1 30間的互相摩擦發揮其衰減力。紗線或者連結紗線130的原料，尤其不加以限定，例如可舉例如聚丙烯、聚酯、醯胺、聚丙烯腈、人造纖維等的合成纖維或再生纖維、羊毛、絹、綿等的天然纖維。或者也可以單獨使用上述原料，也可以任意倂用該等原料。最好疋以聚對本一甲酸乙酯（PET)、聚對苯二甲酸丁二醇酯 (PBT)等代表之熱可塑性聚酯系纖維、尼龍6、尼龍66等代表的醯胺、聚乙烯、聚丙烯等代表的聚烯烴，或者組合該等2 種類以上纖維物。並且聚酯系纖維是以具有優異的再生性爲佳。又’不僅限於地紋紗線或連結紗線1 3 〇的紗線形狀，也可以圓形剖面紗線或不同剖面紗線等。連結紗'線130的配設方法（絨頭組織）以側面所視狀態顯示連結各地紋針織物110、120的連結紗線π〇時，更具體而言例如可分類爲第6圖表示的種類。（a)、（b)是將連結紗線130大致呈垂直織入地紋針織物丨10、120間的直線式，其中（a)爲8字型直線織入，（b)爲單純之直線織入。（c)〜（e)是在地紋針織物1 1 0、1 20間，使連結紗線1 30在中途交叉織入的交叉式，其中（c)爲8字型交叉物，（d)爲單純的交叉織入， (e)是分別彙集2條交叉（雙重交叉）。此外，如（c)〜（e)所示，將連結紗線130彼此間交叉斜向配置時，與連結紗線130 呈大致垂直配置於地紋針織物11 〇、1 20間的型態比較（參閱（a)、（b))，可藉著各連結紗線130的壓曲強度一邊保持充分的復原力，並可賦予壓縮率大的柔軟彈簧特性。本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -23- C請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} -裝、一=口 ^00301091 經濟部智慈財產局肖工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（20) 試驗例1 (實施例1 ) 針對第1圖表示構造之座椅構造1，將座位用緩衝材1 4 (具曲面NET )從其後部（與背部用緩衝材24的邊界部）至前方100mm的位置（相當於日本成年人之座骨結節的平均位置）中心定位，藉直徑2 0 0 m m的壓縮板，以5 0 m m / m i η的速度按壓至1000Ν爲止測定靜負載特性。將結果顯示於第7圖。並且，其中使用之三維立體編織物的特性是表示於次表，並以伸長率6〜8%張設於側框架12、13間。本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） -24- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the staff of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the cooperative structure has a soft structure that does not cause stress concentration. In addition, the damping force can be exerted by friction between the connecting yarns 1-30. The material of the yarn or the connecting yarn 130 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, and rayon, or natural fibers such as regenerated fibers, wool, silk, and cotton. fiber. Alternatively, the aforementioned raw materials may be used alone, or these raw materials may be used arbitrarily. It is best to use thermoplastic polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), nylon 6, nylon 66, etc. Polyolefin, such as polypropylene, or a combination of two or more types of fiber. In addition, the polyester-based fiber preferably has excellent reproducibility. It is not limited to the shape of the ground pattern yarn or the connecting yarn 130, and may be a circular cross-section yarn or a different cross-section yarn. When the arrangement method (pile structure) of the connecting yarn 'thread 130 is displayed in a side view, the connecting yarn π0 connecting the knitted fabrics 110 and 120 is more specifically classified into, for example, the type shown in FIG. 6 . (A) and (b) are linear patterns in which the connecting yarn 130 is woven into the ground pattern knitted fabrics vertically, 10, 120, of which (a) is a figure 8 straight line weaving, and (b) is a simple straight line weaving Into. (C) ~ (e) are cross-types in which the connecting yarn 1 30 is interlaced between ground knit fabrics 1 10, 1 20, where (c) is a figure-eight cross and (d) is For simple cross weaving, (e) is to put together two crosses (double cross). In addition, as shown in (c) to (e), when the connecting yarns 130 are arranged diagonally across each other, the shape comparison between the connecting yarns 130 and the ground knitting fabrics 110 and 120 is approximately perpendicular ( Referring to (a) and (b)), it is possible to maintain a sufficient restoring force by the buckling strength of each connecting yarn 130, and to provide a soft spring characteristic having a large compression ratio. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -23- C Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page} -Installation, First = mouth ^ 00301091 Xiao Gong, Bureau of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the consumer cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (20) Test example 1 (Example 1) For the seat structure 1 shown in the structure shown in Fig. 1, the seat cushioning material 14 (with curved NET) is removed from the rear part (and Boundary portion of the back cushioning material 24) to the center of 100mm (equivalent to the average position of the bone nodules of Japanese adults) is centered, and a compression plate with a diameter of 200 mm is pressed at a speed of 50 mm / mi η The static load characteristics were measured up to 1000N. The results are shown in Figure 7. In addition, the characteristics of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric used therein are shown in the following table, and are arranged between the side frames 12, 13 with an elongation of 6 to 8%. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm) -24- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

2100301031 A7 B7 五、發明説明（21) 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製〔表1〕商品號碼 09030D 重量（g/m2) 580 厚度（mm) 3.91 拉伸強力縱向 124.8 (k g / 5 0 m m) 橫向 71.6 伸長率（％) 縱向 54.8 橫向 102.7 斷裂強力縱向 91.4 (kg) 橫向 52.0 平面磨損性縱向 4-5 (級）橫向 4-5 壓縮率（％) 46.8 彈性率（％) 99.5 定負載伸長率（％) 縱向 15.4 橫向 60.6 殘留伸長率（％) 縱向 0.8 橫向 12.5 模數（％) 縱向50kg 25.3 橫向50kg 90.0 縱向75kg 33.7 橫向75kg - 縱向100kg 43.7 ! 橫向1 0 0 k g - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) - ― ί $ϋ I mu In _ 訂本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210>: 297公釐） -25 - 200301031 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局B工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（22) 又，以振幅2.5mm (波峰間距離5mmp-p )將20kg的負載質量載置於第1圖之座位部用緩衝材14上加振時之三維立體編織物的相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形（Lissajou diagram)表示於第8圖。另外，表示第7圖之靜特性的負載— 位移特性係顯示於1 96N配合原點重疊第8圖之利薩如圖形。另一方面，第10圖是以振幅1mm (波峰間距離2mmp-p )加振時之三維立體編織物的相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形，第9圖係顯示將此利薩如圖形重疊於與第7圖相同負載一位移特性圖上。 (比較例1 ) 對於除了未形成突出部11以外與實施例1之座椅構造1 完全相同構造之座椅構造的座位部（NET)，可藉著直徑 200nim的壓縮板，以50mm/min的速度按壓至1 000N爲止測定靜負載特性的同時，與實施例1相同以第1 2圖、第1 4圖表示振幅2 · 5 m m (波峰間距離5 m m ρ - p )、振幅1 m m (波峰間距離 2mmp-p )的相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形。並將該等利薩如圖形重疊於第11圖、第1 3圖的負載-位移特性圖上。 (比較例2 ) 對於同時配設厚度100mm之聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡塑料所成的緩衝材與座位部及背部之以往使用的座椅構造（氨基甲酸乙酯薄片），同樣進行實施例1及比較例1相同的測定 ---------辦衣-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準丨CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -26- 200301091 A7 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 _______ B7五、發明説明（23) ’而以第15圖〜第16圖表示振幅2.5mm (波峰間距離5mmp-p ) '振幅1mm (波峰間距離2mmp-p )的相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形。從該等結果，實施例1及比較例1的場合，靜負載特性的前進（負載荷重時）與後退（除去負載時）的曲線範圍內’無論任何的振幅皆可大致包含於利薩如圖形中，並未顯不大的諧振特性。比較例2的場合，是於任何的振幅下跳出利薩如圖形之靜負載特性的前進與後退之曲線所描繪範圍的圖形。利薩如圖形的力雖是隨著輸入振動傳達致人體的力’但其自靜負載特性的曲線範圍大範圍跳出的理由是顯不於低頻帶產生諧振，輸入振動的吸收率低，並在上方外加1.2〜1.3G以上的力，使負載質量體從緩衝材分開之意。藉此’如實施例1及比較例1所示，可獲知使用三維立體編織物作爲緩衝材時，較使用聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡塑料作爲緩衝材具有優異的振動吸收特性。另一方面，以實施例1與比較例1比較時，如利薩如圖形所明示，實施例1是形成小的相對位移量及力，實施例1 的座椅構造是藉著形成具有突出部1 1的弧面形狀，利用輸入上下方向的振動產生的應變能使切線方向的張力變化，可以將輸入振動前後方向有效地分散、吸收。尤其是擺動大爲影響乘車舒適度之人體骨骼之諧振頻率5Hz附近的實施例1的位移量，與比較例1比較可獲知有明顯的變小，不易產生諧振。但是，本實施例是相當於日本人男性7歲之平均體重25kg的人所感覺的乘車舒適度，負載荷重小的兒童座 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .裝_2100301031 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (21) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs [Table 1] Product No. 09030D Weight (g / m2) 580 Thickness (mm) 3.91 Tensile strength 124.8 (kg / 5 0 mm) transverse 71.6 elongation (%) longitudinal 54.8 transverse 102.7 breaking strength longitudinal 91.4 (kg) transverse 52.0 plane wear longitudinal 4-5 (level) transverse 4-5 compression rate (%) 46.8 elastic rate (%) 99.5 constant load Elongation (%) Vertical 15.4 Horizontal 60.6 Residual Elongation (%) Vertical 0.8 Horizontal 12.5 Modulus (%) Vertical 50kg 25.3 Horizontal 50kg 90.0 Vertical 75kg 33.7 Horizontal 75kg-Vertical 100kg 43.7! Horizontal 1 0 0 kg-(Please read first Note on the back page, please fill in this page again)-ί $ ϋ I mu In _ The paper size of the book is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210 >: 297 mm) -25-200301031 A7 B7 Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by B-Consumer Cooperative Co., Ltd. 5. Description of the invention (22) Furthermore, a load of 20 kg was placed on the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion in the first figure with an amplitude of 2.5 mm (distance between the peaks 5 mmp-p). Lisa's relationship relative displacement amount and the force of the three-dimensional knitted fabric when the vibration pattern such as (Lissajou diagram) shown in FIG. 8. In addition, the load-displacement characteristics showing the static characteristics of Fig. 7 are shown in the Lissajous figure of Fig. 8 which overlaps with the origin at 196N. On the other hand, Fig. 10 is a Lissajous figure showing the relationship between the relative displacement and the force of a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric when it is vibrated with an amplitude of 1 mm (distance between peaks 2 mmp-p), and Fig. 9 shows this Lissajous The graph is superimposed on the same load-displacement characteristic diagram as in Fig. 7. (Comparative Example 1) A seat portion (NET) of a seat structure having the same structure as that of the seat structure 1 of Example 1 except that the protruding portion 11 is not formed can be compressed at a thickness of 50 mm / min by a compression plate having a diameter of 200 nm. While measuring the static load characteristics at a speed of 1 000 N, the amplitudes of 2.5 mm (distance between peaks 5 mm ρ-p) and amplitudes of 1 mm (peak The relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force of the distance 2 mmp-p) is a Lissajous figure. These Lissajous figures are superimposed on the load-displacement characteristic diagrams in Figs. 11 and 13. (Comparative Example 2) Example 1 was similarly performed on a conventionally used seat structure (urethane sheet) of a cushioning material made of polyurethane foam with a thickness of 100 mm and a seat portion and a back. The same measurement as Comparative Example 1 --------- Handling of clothes-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The size of the paper is applicable to China National Standards CNS) A4 size (210X 297 (Mm) -26- 200301091 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs _______ B7 V. Invention Description (23) 'The amplitudes of 2.5mm are shown in Figures 15 to 16 (distance between peaks 5mmp-p ) 'Lissajous graph of the relationship between the relative displacement and the force with an amplitude of 1 mm (distance between the peaks 2 mmp-p). From these results, in the case of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, within the range of the curve of the forward (under load) and backward (under load) static load characteristics, irrespective of the amplitude, it can be included in the Lissajous pattern. However, there is no significant resonance characteristic. In the case of Comparative Example 2, a graph in which the range of the forward and backward curves of the static load characteristics of the Lissajous pattern jumps out at any amplitude is shown. Although the force of the Lissajous pattern is transmitted to the human body with the input vibration, the reason for the wide range of the curve of its self-static load characteristic is that it is not obvious that resonance occurs in the low frequency band, and the absorption rate of the input vibration is low. The force above 1.2 ~ 1.3G is applied to separate the load mass from the buffer material. As a result, as shown in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as a cushioning material, it has better vibration absorption characteristics than a polyurethane foam as a cushioning material. On the other hand, when comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, as shown in the figure by Lisa, Example 1 is to form a small amount of relative displacement and force, and the seat structure of Example 1 is formed by forming a protrusion. The shape of the arc surface of 11 can change the tension in the tangential direction by using the strain energy generated by inputting the vibration in the vertical direction, and can effectively disperse and absorb the input vibration in the front-back direction. In particular, the amount of displacement of Example 1 in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the human skeleton whose oscillation greatly affects the comfort of the vehicle is around 5 Hz. Compared with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the amount of displacement is significantly reduced and it is difficult to cause resonance. However, this example is equivalent to a Japanese male 7 years old with an average body weight of 25kg, and the ride comfort is small. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.)

、1T 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） -27- 301031 A7 B7 五、發明説明（24) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 椅同樣可運用本發明，可以調節張力場因應即可。又’以小振幅之2mmp-p之激振力小的輸入振動比較時’可獲知實施例1側的位移量小，藉張力彈性體的彈性可提高小振幅之振動的除振功能。此外，以大振幅之5mmp-p之激振力大的輸入振動比較時，可獲知實施例1側與位移量同時變小，可發揮高的衰減特性。試驗例2 相對於上述實施例1、比較例1及比較例2的各座位部表面，將直徑26cm、厚度6.6cm、重量20kg的重量體，從接近座位部表面的位置落下，求得衰減比。將其時的各衰減波形顯示在第17圖〜第19圖，以第20圖〜第22圖表示衰減比。此外，各衰減波形之自由振動衰減曲線的黑點表示的衰減波峰（Calculated Point)描繪於第20圖〜第22圖。經濟部智慧財產局員工涓費合作社印製比較例1的場合，可從第18圖及第21圖獲知，各衰減峰値是大致呈一直線形描繪，衰減比爲0· 1 04。比較例2的場合，同樣可從第19圖及第22圖獲知，各衰減波峰是大致呈一直線形描繪，衰減比爲0.096。相對於此，採用本發明座椅構造之實施例1的場合，可從第20圖獲知，相對於沿著衰減比〇· 04的直線所描繪的白圈點，存在著從該衰減比0.04的直線遠離之黑圓點所顯示的衰減峰値。並且，該等黑圓點彼此是定位在大致呈一直線描繪的其他線上。因此，可獲知實施例1的場合同樣具有連結黑圓點彼此間之衰減比0.6的衰減功能。亦即，具備實施例丄 $纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐) 〇〇 _ ' - 20030109 A7 B7 五、發明説明（25) 之弧面形狀之座位部用緩衝材1 4的衰減特性是在小於衰減比1之衰減比〇· 04〜0· 6的範圍，根據輸入振動的諸條件而有不同的顯示。將此對照第1 7圖的衰減波形時，相對於即使隨著大振幅的振動獲相同振幅時加速度大的高頻振動之激振力大的輸入，可藉著朝形成弧面形狀之突出部1 1的頂點 1 la前後方向的移動，形成大的彈性體之張力構造體的應變能而降低張力的同時，可形成高衰減比，大衰減特性的作用，即使小振幅的振動或相同振幅可對於加速度小的低頻振動之激振力小的輸入，藉著張力構造體的張力抑制在小的衰減比內，並可利用座位部用緩衝材14的彈簧特性，隨著相對輸入振動的相位差形成可除振的構造。另一方面，比較例1及比較例2的場合，如上述由於形成一定的衰減比，根據隨構成輸入之激振力之力分散效率的點可獲知實施例1採用之本發明作以構造的功能較高。試驗例3 針對上述實施例1、比較例1及比較例2測定振動傳達特性如下。試驗是首先將直徑26cm、厚度6.6cm、重量20kg之重量體的大致中心，配合相當於人著位時之座骨結節下的部位放置在各座位部用緩衝材上，將加振裝置的台架設置在座位部下部，藉著測定相對於頻率之振動傳達率（G/G)進行。將結果顯示於第23圖。從該圖可獲知，於實施例1之本發明座椅構造中，振動傳達率（G/G)與比較例2對比時，從低頻以至高頻全部皆形成本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) a4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)、 1T This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -27- 301031 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (24) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The chair can also use this The invention can be adjusted according to the tension field. In addition, when comparing the input vibration with a small excitation force of 2 mmp-p with a small amplitude, it can be seen that the amount of displacement on the side of Example 1 is small, and the elasticity of the tension elastic body can improve the vibration isolation function of the small amplitude vibration. In addition, when comparing the input vibration with a large excitation force of 5 mmp-p with a large amplitude, it can be seen that the side of Example 1 becomes smaller at the same time as the displacement amount, and high attenuation characteristics can be exhibited. Test Example 2 A weight body with a diameter of 26 cm, a thickness of 6.6 cm, and a weight of 20 kg was dropped on the surface of each seat portion of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 from a position close to the surface of the seat portion to obtain an attenuation ratio. . Each attenuation waveform at that time is shown in Figs. 17 to 19, and the attenuation ratio is shown in Figs. 20 to 22. In addition, the attenuation peak (Calculated Point) indicated by the black point of the free vibration attenuation curve of each attenuation waveform is depicted in Figs. 20 to 22. In the case of Comparative Example 1 printed by the staff of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, it can be seen from Figs. 18 and 21 that each attenuation peak 値 is roughly linearly depicted, and the attenuation ratio is 0.104. In the case of Comparative Example 2, as can be seen from Figs. 19 and 22, each attenuation peak is drawn approximately in a straight line, and the attenuation ratio is 0.096. On the other hand, when using the first embodiment of the seat structure according to the present invention, it can be seen from FIG. 20 that there is a straight line from the attenuation ratio of 0.04 to the white circle point drawn along the straight line of the attenuation ratio of 0.04. Attenuation peaks shown by far away black dots. In addition, the black dots are positioned on other lines that are drawn substantially in a straight line with each other. Therefore, it can be seen that the case of Example 1 also has the attenuation function of connecting the black dots with an attenuation ratio of 0.6. That is, the paper size of the example is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 〇〇_ '-20030109 A7 B7 V. The cushion for the seat surface of the arc shape of the invention description (25) The attenuation characteristics of the material 14 are displayed in a range smaller than the attenuation ratio of the attenuation ratio of 0.04 to 0.6, depending on the conditions of the input vibration. Comparing this with the attenuation waveform of FIG. 17, it is possible to obtain an input with a large excitation force for a high-frequency vibration with a large acceleration even at the same amplitude with a large-amplitude vibration. The apex of 1 1 moves in the front-back direction, forming the strain energy of a large elastic body and reducing the tension. At the same time, it can form a high attenuation ratio and large attenuation characteristics. Even small vibration or the same amplitude can be For low-vibration input with low acceleration and low excitation force, the tension of the tension structure is suppressed to a small attenuation ratio, and the spring characteristics of the cushioning material 14 for the seat part can be used, and the phase difference with respect to the input vibration Forms a vibration-removable structure. On the other hand, in the cases of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, as described above, since a certain attenuation ratio is formed, it can be known from the point that the efficiency of the force of the exciting force input is dispersed according to the configuration. Higher functionality. Test Example 3 The vibration transmission characteristics of the above-mentioned Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were measured as follows. The test is to first place the approximate center of a weight body with a diameter of 26cm, a thickness of 6.6cm, and a weight of 20kg, and place it on the cushioning material for each seat portion with a portion corresponding to the seat tubercle when the person is in place, and place the vibration device stand It was installed in the lower part of a seat part, and it measured by measuring the vibration transmission rate (G / G) with respect to a frequency. The results are shown in FIG. 23. As can be seen from the figure, in the seat structure of the present invention in Example 1, when the vibration transmission rate (G / G) is compared with that in Comparative Example 2, all of the low frequency to high frequency are formed. This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (CNS ) a4 size (210X 297mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -29- 200301091 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 kl五、發明説明（26) 低的頻帶。與比較例1比較時，同樣在6Hz以下的低頻領域中，可大爲降低振動傳達率（G/G)。尤其是，實施例1其供振峰値相對於比較例1及比較例2顯著地變小。又，一旦考慮體重64kg的人著位的場合，可獲知不易傳達使影響乘坐舒適度之人體骨格本身擺動的2Hz以下的動搖及5Hz的動搖。又，體重64kg之日本人男性UM)在實施例1、比較例1及比較例2之各座椅構造著位的狀態下，與上述同樣地測定振動傳達率（G/G)。以第24圖顯示其結果。從該結果可獲知，實施例1之振動傳達率（G/G)較比較例 2大爲改善。即使與比較例1比較，亦可獲知可大爲降低諧振峰値。又，從該等可確認第23圖的結果與第24圖之結果間的相關性。 (第2實施形態）第2 5圖是表不本發明第2實施形態的透視圖。本實施例中，採用近前緣側具有拱形部12a、13a形狀物以作爲座位部 1 0的側框架1 2、1 3，該側框架1 2、1 3間張設座位部用緩衝材 14的三維立體編織物。其結果，座位部用緩衝材14係形成近前緣側具有突出部11的胡面形狀，從前後方向大致中間部以至後部形成具備大致呈平坦狀態張設之平坦部1 6的形狀。又，爲了減輕側框架1 2、1 3附近的異物感，配設聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材1 7a，另外，在前緣附近之座位部用緩衝材14的上面配設側支撐用聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材17b。並且，異物感的減輕對側除此之外，可採用使外框形狀的變更 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -30- 200301091 A7 B7 五、發明説明（27) 或三維立體編織物形成立體的手段來達成。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本實施形態中，臀部係位於平坦部1 6上，相對於一般激振力小的振動輸入不會產生大衰減特性的作用可以該平坦部的彈性將振動除振。又，由於大腿部下部位於突出部 11上，因此可抑制著位時之臀部朝著前方的位移。另一方面，輸入激振力大的振動時，突出部1 1的頂部1 1 a朝前方移動而變形。此外，藉著張力構造體的應變能，使大減衰特性作用而可減小人體從座椅上的回彈。再者，第25圖表示的樣態中，在座位部用緩衝材1 4的前緣部與側框架1 2、1 3附近之聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材的配設也可以如第26圖表示，並於前緣部附近及後緣部附近配設聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材17b ' 17c形成臀部前後方向的偏位更小的形狀。又，本實施形態中，雖在座位部形成突出部，但也可以在背部形成突出部，或者可分別形成於座位部或背部。 (第3實施形態）經濟部智慈財產局負工消費合作社印製第27圖是表示本發明第3實施形態之座椅構造1的外觀透視圖。如該圖所示，本實施形態中，座位部1 〇係使用中途不具有突出部的側框架1 2、1 3，另一方面，採用具備中途朝前方前突的突出部形狀作爲形成背部20的側框架22、 23，背部形成具備突出部2 1的弧面形狀。亦即，使用三維立體編織物所成之物作爲背部用緩衝材24，將此張設於上述中途朝前方前突形狀之側框架22、23間形成突出部21。本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2】〇X297公釐） ^31 - 01G91 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明（28) 根據本實施形態，著位人的體重作用於背部20時，突出部2 1之頂部2 1 a的位置朝上方或下方位移而變形。其結果，尤其是前後方向大負載作用時，不僅是突出部2 1前後方向的位移，並可吸收隨著突出部2 1之頂部2 1 a的移動而上下方的變形。另一方面，對於一般著位狀態之激振力小的輸入’可藉其彈性予以除振。該等點係與上述第1實施形態之座椅構造1的座位部用緩衝材14相同，該第3實施形態之背部用緩衝材24同樣可對應形成輸入之激振力的大小，對於激振力大的振幅以高衰減比之大的衰減特性作用，激振力小的振幅則以低衰減比之小的衰減特性作用。此外，在座位部1 0的前緣部1 〇a附近，由於側框架1 2、 1 3的前方是向下方彎曲形成，因此座位部用緩衝材14同樣是向下方呈彎曲張設。因此，在前緣部l〇a附近，對應座位部用緩衝材1 4之座骨結節下所輸入之振動的大小，使前緣部1 〇a朝前方應變、突出。因此，在此一部份，同樣在本實施形態，形成實質上呈弧面形狀，相對於激振力大的輸入可以高的衰減比作用。如上述，構成上述第3實施形態之座椅構造1之背部20 的框架，更詳細而言，如第28圖所示，爲側框架22、23 ; 安裝於側框架22、23之突出部形成用的框架22a、23a ;上側框架25 ;及，具有配設於側框架22、23下部附近間的連結桿19形成框形的外框架27所構成，在上側框架25與連結桿19 之間，不具有跨接側框架22、23間之補強用的其他框架。因此，前後方向外加預期以上的大撞撃（撞擊性振動或撞 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •裝. 訂 ^ 經濟部智M財產局g(工消費合作社印製本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -32 - 200301091 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（29) 擊力）時’此外框架2 7係形成可拉伸形成張力構造體之三維立體編織物而變形的構造。此外，此框架構造當然也可以採用上述第1及第2實施形態。因此，根據前後方向外加大的撞撃力，座位者背部朝著後方相對移動時’藉著當時的大負載可以使三維立體編織物所構成之背部用緩衝材24的大致中央部在連結桿丨9上滑動，壓入背部後方，隨伴此的外框架2 7可承受輸入背部用緩衝材24的負載，從圖中虛線表示狀態朝著如實線顯示狀態的箭頭方向向內傾倒變形，衰減其撞擊。其結果，由於形成狹窄之相對配置之側框架22、23間的間隙，因此可立即鬆緩以預定張力張設於該側框架22、23間的三維立體編織物（背部用緩衝材24 )。三維立體編織物（背部用緩衝材24 )的張力一旦獲得鬆緩時，該三維立體編織物（背部用緩衝材24 )即不構成爲張力構造體。此時，三維立體編織物本身具有的高衰減特形可同時作用。並且，如上述之大變形時作用的衰減比與小變形時（形成輸入時的激振力小）比較，以設置具有0.2以上的差爲佳。又，以上之大變形時，以形成衰減比1以上之臨界衰減系或者超過衰減系的構成爲佳。藉此，可抑制因反向力對人體的回彈。又，持續承受撞擊力可在三維立體編織物上產生新的張力場，由於其力轉換成應變能，因此可增長撞擊力的作用時間。如上述，第29圖〜第32圖是表示在座位部及背部皆不具備本發明之突出部，不具備弧面形狀之習知座椅構造之衰減特性的圖表。更詳細而言，該座椅構造在座位部的側框 ^-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -33- 200301〇 3 經濟部智慧財產局員工消f合作社印製 A7 ΒΊ_i、發明説明（30) 架間，藉螺旋彈簧支撐片狀彈性構件’在其上部張設作爲座位部用緩衝材的三維立體編織物’同時在背部用側框架間具有以無負載時小於伸長率5 %而張設作爲背部用緩衝材之三維立體編織物的構造。再者’第29圖及第30圖是表示座位部之衰減特性，第3 1圖及第3 2圖是表示背部的衰減特性，第29圖及第31圖是使用重量5kg的重量體’第30圖及第 32圖是使用重量10kg的重量體測定。如第29圖及第30圖所明示，於座位部即使改變重量體的重量其衰減比在5kg的重量體時爲〇·256 ’ 10kg之重量體時爲0.237兩者大致相同。另一方面，從第31圖及第32圖，背部相對於5kg重量體的衰減比爲0.331，10kg重量體的衰減比爲 0.192。如上述，衰減比爲〔數1〕 :=c/2/" mk 〇因此，背部位配設螺旋彈簧，僅張設三爲立體編織物，因此上述式中，衰減比大爲依存於其質量m，負載質量越大時衰減比越小。另一方面，設置如座位部之螺旋彈簧時形成大的彈性係數k的作用，因而減小輸入依存度。第29圖〜第3 2表示之圖表係顯示上述現象。對小於1之預定衰減比的線外加大撞擊時設定爲臨界衰減系或者超過衰減系時，即使調整彈性係數k或負載質量m 仍舊困難。因此，形成具備如本發明之突出部的弧面形狀，同時如第2 8圖所示，相對於張設之三維立體編織物大的 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2!0X 297公釐） - 34- 200301091 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（31) 衝突負載作用時，構成外框架可隨著三維立體編織物而變形，藉此可緩和三維立體編織物的張力，其結果’可實現三維立體編織物具有之高衰減特性的功能’因此可藉上述之構成形成臨界衰減系或超過衰減系。針對於第28圖表示之框架材上張設三維立體編織物之本實施型態的座椅構造，將重量1⑼kg的人偶繫緊安全帶著位後進行後突試驗。此外，試驗最大加速度1 7 1 · 1 m/s2、最終速度7.1m/s2從搭載各座椅構造之車體框架的後方撞擊台車，測定人偶的胸部及腰部的各加速度進行。將結果顯示於第33圖，其中（a)是顯示胸部加速度，（b) 是顯示腰部加速度。並且，圖中X是表示左右方向（BL方向) 的加速度、Y是表示前後方向（TL方向）的加速度、Z是表示上下方向（WL方向）的加速度。首先，如第33(a)圖所詳示，胸部在衝突後約50msec的時點朝後方按壓之後，藉著框架的變形而持續朝後方推壓，約70msec〜80msec附近顯示最大的加速度，形成約110msec 則收斂其加速度。該等現象是藉著將形成張力構造體的三維立體編織物朝著中央方向拉伸而在框架上發生變形，立即降低三維立體編織物的張力所造成。實際上，人偶的頭部在其間不會產生前後方向大的回彈。其次，在大約 1 10msec藉著框架的變形稍微使加速度上昇之後，使框架持續變形至大約150msec爲止，隨後並再次顯示微小加速度上升的舉動。約150msec附近雖具有加速度的上升，但是藉著體幹的 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公楚） -35- 200301091 A7 B7 五、發明説明（32) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 移動使轉動方向發生的力矩與背部用緩衝材的反力所產生之頭部向前方移動的力抵銷，由於座椅上固定頭部的狀態之加速度的上昇’頭部之前後方向的移動量小。因此，該加速度上昇可考慮爲根據框架恢復力產生的加速度上昇。又，如第3 3 (a)圖所詳示，最初胸部被按壓於背部用緩衝材的50〜60msec中，不致使水平方向加速度的値大於上下方向加速度，可獲知對於人偶的回彈極小。另外，根據第33U)圖之上下方向的腰部加速度顯示，加速度上昇之後，迅速收斂減少加速度變化，獲得低的腰部回彈。根據以上結果可獲知，根據本發明實施形態當張力構造體之三維立體編織物的張力受到大的撞擊性振動時，可藉著鬆緩顯示高衰減特性。亦即，作爲撞擊吸收特性的評估是以減少頭部與胴體前後方向的相對位移，並減小上下方向加速度爲佳，本實施形態即已具備可發揮接近上述最佳特性的構造。經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (第4實施形態）上述第1至第3實施形態中，皆是使用座位部或背部形成弧面形狀的三維立體編織物作爲緩衝材。但是，本發明之座椅構造在著位時的平衡點位置上，相對於激振力小的輸入衰減特性較張力構造體的張力小，可藉著彈簧特性的作用以其相位差除振，對於激振力大的輸入則以大於張力構造體之應變能之衰減特性作用的構造即可，亦即對應激 -36- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標隼（CNS ) A4規格（2IOX 297公釐） 20030103 A7 B7 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（33) 振力大小而在小於衰減比1的領域中具有不同衰減比的衰減特性作用的構造即可。因此’具備上述特性之構造可使用聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材、黏彈性氨基甲酸乙酯等氨基甲酸乙酯材料來達成。使用氨基甲酸乙酯材料作爲具備上述特性的構造時，必須具備其次不同特性之•氨基甲酸乙酯材料所構成之三層構造的緩衝材。但是，作爲張力構造體必須在該等任意的緩衝材上’層積在切線方向產生張力的布料材、二爲編織物或二維編織物等的張力賦予構件。亦即，配設於上層之第1氨基甲酸乙酯層是使用具備彈性係數與人體筋肉之彈性係數近似的柔軟特性。例如，黏彈性氨基甲酸乙酯等。其次，配置在中間層之第2氨基甲酸乙酯層是使用線性値〇 · 2、磁滯損耗率3 0 %以下復原性的高聚氨基甲酸乙酯等。並且，配置在下層的第3氨基甲酸乙酯層是使用衰減比0.1以上之衰減特性大的聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材。第1氨基甲酸乙酯層係採用近似人體筋肉之彈性係數的緩衝材，即以直徑98mm壓縮板加壓時之負載特性爲 4N/mm〜〇.5N/mm的範圍物，著位時接觸該第1氨基甲酸乙酯層時，筋肉的變形不大，而第1氨基甲酸乙酯層側較爲容易變形、撓曲，可藉此提高對人體的契合度。另一方面，輸入激振力之小的振動時，可藉復原性高的第2氨基甲酸乙酯層的恢復力除振。此時，衰減特性大的第3氨基甲酸乙酯不具作用。因此，該第4實施形態之層積 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2】0X 297公釐） -37- 200301 09 A7 B7 五、發明説明（34) 構造的緩衝材整體僅微小的衰減特性作用。並且，「線性値」係於負載·位移特性爲45kgf負載時的撓曲量，與從 45kgf至lOOkgf爲止之撓曲量的比例，第2氨基甲酸乙酯層中 ’線性値爲0.2以上是爲了確保著位時的進程感。又，磁滯損耗率超過30%時，行程大的衰減力減小復原性而產生彈性疲乏。並且’輸入激振力大的振動時，產生衰減比〇. 2以上之氨基甲酸乙酯所構成第3氨基甲酸乙酯層大衰減特性的作用。藉此，可以使激振力大的輸入衰減，防止著位者的回彈。此時，藉著賦予上述第1〜3層任意之氨基甲酸乙酯之張力賦予構件的作用，可增大上述氨基甲酸乙酯之切線方向的應變能，與上述各實施形態相同，可降低切線方向的張力，產生大衰減特性的作用。並且可以使用二維編織物或二維編織物等的二維張力構造體，及具有層積在該二維張力構造的表皮層之氨基甲酸乙酯層的具氨基甲酸乙酯二維張力構造體以代替上述各實施形態使用的三維立體編織物。此外，可以使用2〜30mm 左右之薄的聚氨基甲酸乙酯發泡材構成物作爲氨基甲酸乙使用上述具氨基甲酸乙酯二維張力構造體構成本發明時，具有會降低若干的耐久性，多少會提高彈性之與使用上述三維立體編織物時大致相同的作用、效果。因此，上述具氨基甲酸乙酯二維張力構造體與三維立體編織物同樣具有30%以下的伸長率而張設於各框架材的張力構造體’因 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •裝· 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -38- 200301091 A7B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明説明（35) 此衝突時等輸入大的撞擊時，藉框架材的變形發揮衰減比〇. 2以上差的高衰減特性，最好可構成臨界衰減系或超過衰減系。〔發明效果〕本發明的座椅構造具有藉著張力構造體之緩衝材對應形成輸入之激振力的大小，因張力構造體之平面波產生的變形之應變能與張力的變化，使作用之衰減特性變化的構造。相對於激振力小的輸入以小的衰減比使衰減特性作用 ’因此可藉著緩衝材的彈性產生的相位差予以除振，相對於激振力大的輸入使應變能增加及張力的降低，於大衰減比與長的作用時間使衰減特性作用，可抑制對人體上方的回彈。又，背部使用作爲緩衝材之三維立體編織物或具氨基甲酸乙酯之張力構造體的同時，外加因撞擊產生預期以上的負載時，使形成背部之框架變形的構成，可發揮高的哀減特性，最好可形成臨界衰減系或超過衰減系，其可有效抑制受大撞擊時人體的回彈。〔圖式簡單說明〕第1圖是表示本發明第1實施形態之座椅構造的槪略透視圖。第2圖是說明上述實施形態之座椅構造的作用之圖。第3圖是表示可於上述實施形態使用之三維立體編織物之一例的構成剖面圖。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -39- 200301G9I Α7 Β7 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印繁五、發明説明（36) 第4圖是表示一側之地紋針織物的一例圖。第5圖是表示另一側之地紋針織物的一例圖。第6圖爲連結紗線之各種配設方法的例示圖。第7圖是表示在實施例丨的負載-位移特性上’重疊顯示振幅2·5mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形的圖。第8圖係顯示於實施例1中，以振幅2.5mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形。第9圖是表示在實施例1的負載-位移特性上，重疊顯示振幅1 mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形的圖。第10圖係顯示於實施例1中，以振幅1mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形。第11圖是表示在比較例1的負載-位移特性上，重疊顯示振幅2.5mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形的圖。第12圖係顯示於比較例1中，以振幅2.5mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形。第1 3圖是表示在比較例1的負載-位移特性上，重疊顯示振幅1 mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形的圖。第14圖係顯示於比較例1中，以振幅1mm加振時之相對 ί立移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形。第1 5圖是表示在比較例2的負載-位移特性上，重疊顯 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -29- 200301091 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs kl V. Invention Description (26) Low frequency band. When compared with Comparative Example 1, the vibration transmission rate (G / G) in the low-frequency range of 6 Hz or less can be greatly reduced. In particular, the supply peak amplitude of Example 1 was significantly smaller than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In addition, when the position of a person weighing 64 kg is considered, it is known that it is difficult to convey a shake of less than 2 Hz and a shake of 5 Hz that affect the swing of the human body frame that is moderate in riding comfort. Also, a Japanese male with a weight of 64 kg (UM) was measured for vibration transmission rate (G / G) in the same manner as described above with the seat structures of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 in place. The results are shown in Figure 24. From this result, it can be seen that the vibration transmission rate (G / G) of Example 1 is greatly improved as compared with Comparative Example 2. Even when compared with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the resonance peak chirp can be greatly reduced. The correlation between the results of FIG. 23 and the results of FIG. 24 can be confirmed from these. (Second Embodiment) Fig. 25 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a shape having arched portions 12a and 13a on the near front side is used as the side frame 1 2, 1 3 of the seat portion 10, and the side frame 1 2, 1 3 is provided with a cushion material 14 for the seat portion. Three-dimensional braid. As a result, the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion is formed in a shape of a beveled surface having the protruding portion 11 near the front edge side, and has a shape including a flat portion 16 stretched in a substantially flat state from the substantially middle portion to the rear portion in the front-rear direction. In order to reduce the feeling of foreign matter near the side frames 1 2 and 1 3, a polyurethane foam material 17a is provided, and a side support polymer material is provided on the upper surface of the cushion member 14 near the front edge. Urethane foam material 17b. In addition, in addition to reducing the feeling of foreign objects, the shape of the outer frame can be changed (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297) (Centi) -30- 200301091 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (27) or three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric to form three-dimensional means to achieve. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) In this embodiment, the buttocks are located on the flat part 16. Compared with the general vibration input with a small excitation force, it does not produce a large attenuation characteristic. Elasticity damps vibration. In addition, since the lower thigh portion is located on the protruding portion 11, it is possible to suppress displacement of the buttocks toward the front during the positioning. On the other hand, when a vibration with a large excitation force is input, the top portion 1 1 a of the protruding portion 1 1 moves forward and deforms. In addition, the strain energy of the tension structure can greatly reduce the rebound of the human body from the seat due to the large attenuation characteristic. In addition, in the aspect shown in FIG. 25, the polyurethane foam material in the vicinity of the front edge portion of the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion and the side frames 1 2 and 1 3 may be arranged as in FIG. 26. The figure shows that the polyurethane foams 17b 'and 17c are arranged near the front edge portion and near the rear edge portion to form a shape with a smaller deviation in the front-back direction of the buttocks. In this embodiment, although the protruding portion is formed on the seat portion, the protruding portion may be formed on the back portion, or may be formed on the seat portion or the back portion, respectively. (Third Embodiment) Printed by the Consumer Goods Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Fig. 27 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a seat structure 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, the seat portion 10 uses the side frames 1 2 and 1 3 which do not have protrusions in the middle, and on the other hand, the shape of the protrusions having the protrusions protruding forward in the middle is used as the back portion 20. The side frames 22 and 23 are formed in a curved surface shape with protruding portions 21 at the back. In other words, a three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as the back cushioning material 24, and this sheet is provided between the side frames 22 and 23 that protrude forward in the above-mentioned manner to form a protruding portion 21 between them. This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2) 0297 mm. ^ 31-01G91 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the invention (28) According to this embodiment, when the weight of the occupant acts on the back 20, it stands out The position of the top 2 1 a of the portion 21 is displaced upward or downward and deformed. As a result, especially when a large load is applied in the front-rear direction, not only the displacement of the protruding portion 21 in the front-rear direction, but also the upward and downward deformation of the protruding portion 21 can be absorbed. On the other hand, the input ', which has a small excitation force in the general mounting state, can be used for vibration reduction by its elasticity. These points are the same as the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion of the seat structure 1 of the first embodiment, and the cushioning material 24 for the back of the third embodiment can also correspond to the magnitude of the input excitation force. The amplitude with a large force acts on the attenuation characteristic with a large attenuation ratio, and the amplitude with a small excitation force acts with a attenuation characteristic with a small attenuation ratio. In addition, in the vicinity of the front edge portion 10a of the seat portion 10, since the front sides of the side frames 12 and 13 are bent downward, the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion is also bent and stretched downward. Therefore, in the vicinity of the leading edge portion 10a, the leading edge portion 10a is strained and protruded forward according to the magnitude of the vibration input under the seat bone tubercle of the cushioning material 14 for the seat portion. Therefore, in this part, also in this embodiment, it is formed into a substantially curved surface shape, and it can act with a high attenuation ratio with respect to an input with a large excitation force. As described above, the frame constituting the back 20 of the seat structure 1 of the third embodiment described above is, in more detail, as shown in FIG. 28, the side frames 22 and 23; the protruding portions attached to the side frames 22 and 23 are formed. Frame 22a, 23a; upper frame 25; and a frame-shaped outer frame 27 provided with connecting rods 19 arranged near the lower portions of the side frames 22, 23, between the upper frame 25 and the connecting rods 19, There is no other frame for reinforcing between the side frames 22 and 23. Therefore, the forward and backward directions plus the expected large bump (impact vibration or bump (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) • Packing. Order ^ Ministry of Economic Affairs, Intellectual Property Bureau, g (printed by Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives) Zhang scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -32-200301091 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (29) Strike force) In addition to frame 2 7 series The three-dimensional knitted fabric that can be stretched to form a tension structure is deformed. Of course, this frame structure can also adopt the above-mentioned first and second embodiments. Therefore, the seat occupant is increased in accordance with the increased impact force in the front-rear direction. When the back is relatively moved towards the rear, 'the large central portion of the back cushioning material 24 composed of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric can be slid on the connecting rod 9 by the large load at that time, and it is pressed into the back of the back, accompanying the outside The frame 27 can withstand the load of the input back buffer material 24, and the state indicated by the dotted line in the figure is inwardly deformed in the direction of the arrow shown by the solid line to deform it, attenuating its impact. Since a narrow gap is formed between the side frames 22 and 23 which are relatively opposed to each other, the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric (back cushioning material 24 for back) which is stretched between the side frames 22 and 23 with a predetermined tension can be relaxed immediately. Once the tension of the knitted fabric (back cushioning material 24 for back) is loosened, the three-dimensional knitted fabric (back cushioning material 24 for back) does not constitute a tension structure. At this time, the three-dimensional knitted fabric itself has a high attenuation characteristic. Shapes can act simultaneously. In addition, as described above, the attenuation ratio of the effect during large deformation is compared with that during small deformation (small excitation force when input is formed), and it is better to set a difference of 0.2 or more. Also, when the above large deformation It is better to form a critical attenuation system with an attenuation ratio of 1 or more. This can suppress the rebound of the human body due to the reverse force. In addition, continuous impact force can generate new on the three-dimensional knitted fabric. Since the force field of the tension field is converted into strain energy, the action time of the impact force can be increased. As described above, Fig. 29 to Fig. 32 show that neither the seat portion nor the back portion is provided with the invention. The exit section does not have a graph of the attenuation characteristics of a conventional seat structure with a curved surface. More specifically, the seat structure is in the side frame of the seat section ^-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) The size of the paper used in the edition is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) -33- 200301〇3 The staff of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the A7 ΒΊ_i, the description of the invention (30) The coil spring supports the sheet-like elastic member 'three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric stretched as a cushioning material for the seat portion' at the same time, and has a stretch between the side frames for the back of less than 5% of the elongation at no load and is stretched as the cushioning material for the back Structure of a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric. In addition, FIGS. 29 and 30 show attenuation characteristics of a seat portion, FIGS. 31 and 32 show attenuation characteristics of a back, and FIGS. 29 and 31 show Figures 30 and 32 using a 5 kg weight body are measured using a 10 kg weight body. As clearly shown in Fig. 29 and Fig. 30, even if the weight of the weight body is changed in the seat portion, the attenuation ratio is 0.256 for a 5 kg weight body and 0.237 for a 10 kg weight body, which are approximately the same. On the other hand, from FIGS. 31 and 32, the attenuation ratio of the back portion to the 5 kg weight body is 0.331, and the attenuation ratio of the 10 kg weight body is 0.192. As mentioned above, the attenuation ratio is [number 1]: = c / 2 / " mk 〇 Therefore, a coil spring is arranged on the back, and only three are three-dimensional knitted fabrics. Therefore, in the above formula, the attenuation ratio depends on it. Mass m, the larger the load mass, the smaller the attenuation ratio. On the other hand, when a coil spring such as a seat portion is provided, an effect of a large elastic coefficient k is formed, thereby reducing the degree of input dependence. The graphs shown in Figs. 29 to 32 show the above phenomena. It is still difficult to adjust the coefficient of elasticity k or the load mass m when an out-of-line increase impact of a predetermined attenuation ratio less than 1 is set as the critical attenuation system or exceeds the attenuation system. Therefore, a curved surface having a protruding portion as in the present invention is formed, and at the same time, as shown in FIG. 28, it is larger than the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Standards are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (2! 0X 297 mm)-34- 200301091 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (31) The external frame may constitute a conflict load As the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric deforms, the tension of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric can be relaxed. As a result, the function of high attenuation characteristics of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric can be achieved. Therefore, the above-mentioned structure can be used to form a critical attenuation system or exceed attenuation. system. For the seat structure of this embodiment in which a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is stretched on the frame material shown in FIG. 28, a doll with a weight of 1 kg is fastened in a seated position to perform a protrusion test. In addition, a test maximum acceleration of 17 1 · 1 m / s2, and a final speed of 7.1 m / s2 were collided with the trolley from the rear of the body frame equipped with each seat structure, and the accelerations of the puppet's chest and waist were measured. The results are shown in Figure 33, where (a) is the chest acceleration and (b) is the waist acceleration. In the figure, X indicates acceleration in the left-right direction (BL direction), Y indicates acceleration in the front-rear direction (TL direction), and Z indicates acceleration in the vertical direction (WL direction). First, as detailed in Figure 33 (a), after the chest is pressed backward at about 50msec after the conflict, it continues to be pushed backwards due to the deformation of the frame. The maximum acceleration is displayed around 70msec to 80msec, forming about 110msec converges its acceleration. These phenomena are caused by stretching the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric forming the tension structure toward the center, thereby deforming the frame, and immediately reducing the tension of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric. In fact, the doll's head does not have a large spring-back in the middle. Secondly, after the acceleration of the frame was increased slightly by about 10 msec, the frame continued to be deformed to about 150 msec, and then the behavior of the slight acceleration increase was displayed again. Although there is an increase in acceleration around 150msec, but the body is dry (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 Gongchu) -35- 200301091 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (32) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Move the moment generated in the rotation direction and the force of the head moving forward caused by the reaction force of the back cushioning material. Because the acceleration of the head is fixed on the seat, the amount of movement of the head forward and backward is small. Therefore, this acceleration increase can be considered as an acceleration increase due to the frame restoring force. As shown in detail in Figure 3 3 (a), the chest was initially pressed against the back cushioning material for 50 to 60 msec, so that the horizontal acceleration 値 is not greater than the vertical acceleration, and it can be seen that the rebound of the puppet is extremely small. . In addition, according to the waist acceleration shown in the upper and lower directions in the 33U) diagram, after the acceleration increases, it quickly converges to reduce the acceleration change, and obtains a low waist rebound. From the above results, it can be known that when the tension of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of the tension structure is subjected to a large impact vibration, the high attenuation characteristics can be displayed slowly. That is, it is better to evaluate the impact absorption characteristics by reducing the relative displacement of the head and the carcass in the front-back direction and reducing the acceleration in the vertical direction. This embodiment already has a structure that can exhibit the best characteristics close to the above. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Fourth Embodiment) In the above-mentioned first to third embodiments, three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabrics with a curved surface at the seat or back are used as cushioning materials. However, when the seat structure of the present invention is in the position of the equilibrium point when it is in position, the input attenuation characteristic with respect to the small excitation force is smaller than the tension structure, and the phase difference can be used to absorb vibration by the spring characteristic. For the input with a large excitation force, it is sufficient to use a structure that has a greater attenuation effect than the strain energy of the tensile structure, that is, it corresponds to the excitation -36- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2IOX 297) (%) 20030103 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (33) The structure of the vibration force and the attenuation characteristics of different attenuation ratios in the area smaller than the attenuation ratio 1 is sufficient. Therefore, a structure having the above-mentioned characteristics can be achieved by using a urethane material such as a polyurethane foam or a viscoelastic urethane. When a urethane material is used as a structure having the above characteristics, it is necessary to have a three-layer structured cushioning material made of a urethane material that has the next different characteristics. However, as the tension structure, a cloth material that generates tension in the tangential direction and a tension imparting member such as a knitted fabric or a two-dimensional knitted fabric must be laminated on the arbitrary buffer material. That is, the first urethane layer disposed on the upper layer uses a softness characteristic having an elasticity coefficient similar to that of human gluten. For example, viscoelastic urethane. Next, as the second urethane layer disposed in the intermediate layer, a linear polyurethane with a hysteresis loss of 30% or less and a high resilience of 30% or less is used. The third urethane layer disposed on the lower layer uses a polyurethane foam having a greater attenuation characteristic than that of 0.1 or more. The first urethane layer is a cushioning material that approximates the elastic coefficient of human muscles, that is, a load in the range of 4N / mm ~ 0.5N / mm when pressed with a compression plate with a diameter of 98mm. When it is in contact, it will contact the In the case of the first urethane layer, the deformation of the muscles is not large, and the side of the first urethane layer is relatively easy to deform and flex, thereby improving the fit to the human body. On the other hand, when a small vibration is input, the restoring force of the second urethane layer having high resilience can be used to remove vibration. In this case, the third urethane having a large attenuation characteristic has no effect. Therefore, the layering of this fourth embodiment (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2) 0X 297 mm -37- 200301 09 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (34) The overall structure of the buffer material has only a slight attenuation characteristic. In addition, the "linear chirp" is a ratio of the deflection amount when the load / displacement characteristic is 45kgf load to the deflection amount from 45kgf to 100kgf. The "linear chirp" in the second urethane layer is 0.2 or more in order to Ensure a sense of progress while in place. When the hysteresis loss rate exceeds 30%, the damping force with a large stroke decreases the restorability and elastic fatigue occurs. In addition, when a vibration having a large excitation force is input, the third urethane layer composed of urethane having an attenuation ratio of 0.2 or more has a large attenuation characteristic. This can attenuate the input with a large excitation force and prevent rebound of the wearer. At this time, the strain imparting member in the tangential direction of the urethane can increase the strain energy in the tangential direction of the urethane by applying the tension-imparting member to any of the first to third layers, and the tangent can be reduced. Directional tension produces a large attenuation effect. Further, a two-dimensional tension structure such as a two-dimensional knitted fabric or a two-dimensional knitted fabric, and a two-dimensional urethane tension structure having a urethane layer laminated on a skin layer of the two-dimensional tension structure can be used. Instead of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric used in each of the above embodiments. In addition, it is possible to use a thin polyurethane foamed material structure of about 2 to 30 mm as the urethane. When the present invention is constructed using the two-dimensional urethane two-dimensional tension structure, the durability is slightly reduced. The effect and the effect of improving the elasticity to some extent are almost the same as when the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is used. Therefore, the two-dimensional tensile structure with urethane and the three-dimensional knitted fabric have the elongation of 30% or less and are stretched on the tension members of each frame material. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) • Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is printed in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) -38- 200301091 A7B7 Printed by the Employees’ Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Description of the Invention (35) In the case of a large impact such as a collision, the deformation of the frame material exhibits a high attenuation characteristic worse than the attenuation ratio of 0.2 or more, and it may be preferable to constitute a critical attenuation system or an excess attenuation system. [Effect of the Invention] The seat structure of the present invention has the magnitude of the input excitation force corresponding to the buffer material of the tension structure, and the strain energy and the change in tension caused by the plane wave of the tension structure attenuate the effect. Structure of characteristic changes. The damping characteristic acts with a small attenuation ratio with respect to the input with a small excitation force. Therefore, it can be damped by the phase difference caused by the elasticity of the cushioning material. The strain energy increases and the tension decreases with an input with a large excitation force. With the large attenuation ratio and long action time, the attenuation characteristic works, which can suppress the rebound to the human body. In addition, when a three-dimensional knitted fabric or a urethane tension structure is used as a cushioning material in the back, and the structure that deforms the back frame is deformed when a load more than expected is caused by impact, a high degree of relief can be exerted. Characteristics, it is best to form a critical attenuation system or beyond, which can effectively suppress the rebound of the human body when subjected to a large impact. [Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a seat structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the seat structure of the embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric that can be used in the above embodiment. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -39- 200301G9I Α7 Β7 Employee Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (36) FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a ground pattern knitted fabric on one side. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a ground knitted fabric on the other side. Fig. 6 is an illustration of various arrangement methods for connecting yarns. Fig. 7 is a Lissajous graph showing the relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force at the time of vibration with an amplitude of 2.5 mm overlaid on the load-displacement characteristics of Example 丨. Fig. 8 is a Lissajous figure showing the relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force when the vibration is applied with an amplitude of 2.5 mm in Example 1; Fig. 9 is a Lissajous graph showing the relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force when the amplitude of 1 mm amplitude is superimposed on the load-displacement characteristics of Example 1; Fig. 10 is a Lissajous figure showing the relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force when vibration is applied with an amplitude of 1 mm in Example 1; Fig. 11 is a Lissajous graph showing the relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force when the amplitude of 2.5 mm amplitude is superimposed on the load-displacement characteristics of Comparative Example 1. Fig. 12 is a Lissajous figure showing the relationship between the relative displacement and the force when the vibration is applied at an amplitude of 2.5 mm in Comparative Example 1 in Comparative Example 1. Fig. 13 is a Lissajous graph showing the relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force at the time of the vibration of 1 mm amplitude superimposed on the load-displacement characteristics of Comparative Example 1. Fig. 14 is a Lissajous figure showing the relationship between the relative vertical displacement and force when vibration is applied with an amplitude of 1 mm in Comparative Example 1. Figure 15 shows the superimposed display of the load-displacement characteristics of Comparative Example 2. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

十、.氏張人度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210 X 297公釐） -40 - 200301091 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 __ B7 五、發明説明（37) 示振幅2.5mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形的圖。第16圖是表示在比較例2的負載-位移特性上，重疊顯示振幅1 mm加振時之相對位移量與力的關係之利薩如圖形的圖。第17圖是表示實施例1之衰減波形圖。第1 8圖是表示比較例1之衰減波形圖。第19圖是表示比較例2之衰減波形圖。第20圖是表示實施例1之衰減波形圖。第2 1圖是表示比較例1之衰減波形圖。第22圖是表示比較例2之衰減波形圖。第23圖是表示座位部用緩衝材於20kg重量體測定之實施例1、比較例1及比較例2的各振動傳達特性圖。第2 4圖是表示體重6 4 k g之日本男性（〗Μ 6 4)著位測定後之實施例1、比較例1及比較例2的各振動傳達特性圖。第25圖是表示本發明第2實施形態之一樣態的座椅構造 ’（a)爲透視圖、（b)爲A - Α線剖面圖、（c)爲Β箭頭視圖。第26圖是表示本發明第2實施形態之其他樣態的座椅構造，（a)爲透視圖、（b)爲A-A線剖面圖、（c)爲B箭頭視圖。第27圖是表示本發明第3實施形態之座椅構造的槪略透視圖。第28圖是表示構成本發明第3實施形態之座椅構造的背部之框架的詳細構造透視圖。第2 9圖是表示針對使用習知三維立體編織物之座椅構本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（〇奶）六4規格（2】0>< 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 200301091 A7 B7 五、發明説明（38) 造的座位部，以重量5kg測定之衰減特性圖。第30圖是表示針對使用習知三維立體編織物之座椅構造的座位部，以重量10kg測定之衰減特性圖。第3 1圖是表示針對使用習知三維立體編織物之座椅構造的背部，以重量5kg測定之衰減特性圖。第32圖是表示針對使用習知三維立體編織物之座椅構造的背部，以重量1 0kg測定之衰減特性圖。第33圖是表示第28圖表示之框架材上張設三爲立體編織物的第3實施形態的座椅構造（網狀座椅）之後突試驗結果的圖，（a)是表示胸部加速度、（b)是表示腰部加速度的圖 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製〔符號說明〕 1 座椅構造 10 座位部 11 突出部 11a 頂部 12、 13 側框架 14 座位部用緩衝材 20 背部 21 突出部 21a 頂部 22、 23 側框架 24 背部用緩衝材本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CMS ) A4規格（2】0X 297公嫠） -42 - 200301031 A7 B7 五、發明説明（39) 27 外框架 100 三維立體編織物 110、120地紋針織物 1 3 0連結紗線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2】0X 297公釐） -43-X. Zhang's personal applicability to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -40-200301091 Printed by A7 __ B7, Employee Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Explanation of the invention (37) shows the amplitude A graph showing the relationship between the relative displacement and force at 2.5mm vibration. Fig. 16 is a Lissajous graph showing the relationship between the relative displacement amount and the force when the amplitude of 1 mm amplitude is superimposed on the load-displacement characteristics of Comparative Example 2. Fig. 17 is a graph showing an attenuation waveform of the first embodiment. Fig. 18 is a graph showing an attenuation waveform of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 19 is a graph showing an attenuation waveform of Comparative Example 2. FIG. Fig. 20 is a graph showing an attenuation waveform of the first embodiment. Fig. 21 is a graph showing an attenuation waveform of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 22 is a graph showing an attenuation waveform of Comparative Example 2. FIG. Fig. 23 is a graph showing vibration transmission characteristics of each of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 when the cushion material for a seat portion is measured at a weight of 20 kg; Fig. 24 is a graph showing vibration transmission characteristics of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 after the measurement of the position of a Japanese male (? M 6 4) weighing 64 kg. Fig. 25 is a diagram showing a seat structure in the same state according to the second embodiment of the present invention; (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A, and (c) is a view taken from arrow B. Fig. 26 is a view showing another configuration of the seat according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A, and (c) is a B-arrow view. Fig. 27 is a schematic perspective view showing a seat structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 28 is a perspective view showing a detailed structure of a frame constituting a back portion of a seat structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figures 2 and 9 show that the paper size of the seat structure using the conventional three-dimensional three-dimensional braid is applicable to the Chinese national standard (〇奶) 6.4 specifications (2) > < 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again for details) 200301091 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (38) The attenuation characteristic chart of a seat part made with a weight of 5kg. Fig. 30 is a graph showing attenuation characteristics of a seat portion constructed using a conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric, measured at a weight of 10 kg. Fig. 31 is a graph showing attenuation characteristics measured at a weight of 5 kg with respect to the back of a seat structure using a conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric. Fig. 32 is a graph showing attenuation characteristics measured at a weight of 10 kg with respect to the back of a seat structure using a conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric. Fig. 33 is a diagram showing the results of a bump test of a seat structure (mesh seat) of a third embodiment in which three-dimensional knitted fabrics are stretched on the frame material shown in Fig. 28. (a) is a diagram showing chest acceleration, (B) is a graph showing waist acceleration (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs [Symbol] 1 Seat structure 10 Seat section 11 Projection 11a Top 12, 13 Side frame 14 Cushioning material for seat 20 Back 21 Projection 21a Top 22, 23 Side frame 24 Cushioning material for back This paper applies Chinese National Standard (CMS) A4 specification (2) 0X 297 cm. -42-200301031 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (39) 27 Outer frame 100 3D three-dimensional knitted fabric 110, 120 Ground pattern knitted fabric 1 3 0 Linked yarn (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Consumption Cooperative The paper size for printing is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (2) 0X 297 mm -43-

Claims

200301G31 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 1 1 · 一種座椅構造，係具備含座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材之緩衝材構造的座椅構造中，其特徵爲：設置彈性體形成之構成上述緩衝構造的座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材以作爲具有張力場的張力構造體，上述座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材中，至少其中一側對應所輸入之激振力的大小使應變能變化，藉以形成可使切線方向的張力變化的構造，相對於激振力小的輸入是以小的衰減比使衰減特性作用，而相對於激振力大的輸入則以大的衰減比使衰減特性作用，其可對應輸入之激·振力的大小顯示衰減特性。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中上述緩衝構造使平面上伸展容易的方向分別沿著座位部的前後方向及背部的上下方向，同時限制座位部與背部之邊界部附近的配設位置，藉此形成以位於較上述邊界部附近更前方之座位部用緩衝材的任意位置及位於較上述邊界部附近更上方之背部用緩衝材的任意位置作爲自由端的振動系，形成上述振動系之上述座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材之至少一側是對應輸入之激振力的大小，使彈性體所形成之張力構造體的應變能變化而改變切線方向的張力，至少在另外側具有顯示張力構造體的法線方向相對較高之彈簧特性的位置，根據該等不同特性的複合作用使輸入上述緩衝材之法線方向的激振力可分散爲切線方向之激振力的構造。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中可發揮本紙張尺度適用中國國豕標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公梦） I — - - · 1—_m -....... »= —I- -- I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、11 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 200301031 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 2 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小而衰減比不同之衰減特性的座位部用緩衝材及背部用緩衝材皆是以連結紗線結合而互相分開配置之一對地紋針織物彼此間所成的三維立體編織物形成，在無負載時以伸長率30%以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體的接觸範圍中，在座位部上 .方背部前·方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。 4.如申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中上述座位部用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材皆是以連結紗線結合而·互相分開配置之一對地紋針織物彼此間所成的三維立體編織物形成，對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小可發揮衰減比不同之哀減特性的上述任一緩衝材是在無負載時以伸長率3 0 %以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體. 的接觸範圍中，在座位部上方背部前方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小可發揮衰減比不同之衰減特性的座位部用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材皆是具備二維張力構造體，及層積在該二維張力構造體上之聚氨基甲酸乙酯層的具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造所形成，在無負載時以伸長率30%以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體的接觸範圍中，在座位部上方背部則方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。 -45- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公楚） 2o〇3〇iG3i ABICD 六、申請專利範圍 3 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 6 .如申I靑專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中上述座 @用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材皆是具備二維張力構造體， &層積在該二維張力構造體上之聚氨基甲酸乙酯層的具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造所形成，對應構成上述輸入之激振力的大小可發揮衰減比不同之衰減特性的任意緩衝材在無負載時以伸長率30%以下張設於設置在座位部或背部之側框架間的同時，與人體的接觸圍中’在座位部上方背部前方分別設置具備突出頂部的弧面形狀。 7·如申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造’其中顯示上述弧面形狀之座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材之突出部的頂部是在與人體接觸的平衡狀態下，於座位部前方背部上方分別偏位設置形成可變形。 8·如申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造，其中座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材的上述弧面形狀形成半徑爲200mm以上3000mm以下的範圍。經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 9.如申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造，其中顯示上述弧面形狀之座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材是在拱形側框架間張設於寬度方向。 1〇·如申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅構造，其中上述座位部用緩衝材係形成弧面形狀，從側面顯示時，在座位部與背部的邊界1 0 0 m m以上前方，座骨結節下更前方側具備頂部。 1 1.如申請專利範圍第3項至第6項中任一項記載之座椅 ( CNS ) A4^ ( 21 OX 297/^¾ ) 「46 _ ~ 200301〇 9{ A8 B8 C8 ____ D8 六、申請專利範圍 4 構造，其中上述座位部用緩衝材或背部用緩衝材的伸長率在上述伸長率3 0 %以下的範圍中，部分爲不同之設置。 1 2 ·如申請專利範圍第π項記載之座椅構造，其中在座骨結節下附近及腰椎附近，與其他位置比較以相對較高的伸長率張設。 1 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中座位用緩衝材與背部用緩衝材中，對應構成上述輸入之激振力大小而可發揮衰減比不同之衰減特性的任一緩衝材，係配置於上層，彈性係數與人體筋肉的彈性係數近似之柔·軟的第1聚氨基甲酸乙酯層；配置在中間層，線性度0.1以上，磁滯損耗率30%以下之復原性高的第2聚氨基甲酸乙酯層；配置在下層，顯示衰減比0 · 2以上之衰減特性的第3聚氨基甲酸乙酯層；及，層積在上述任意的層上，賦予切線方向張力之張力賦予構件的層積構造所構成。 14. 如申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中設有對應肩胛骨附近位置之撓曲量大，對應肩峰及/或腰椎附近位置之撓曲量小的上述背部用緩衝材。 15. 如申請專利範圍第14項記載之座椅構造，其中對應上述肩胛骨附近位置的撓曲量爲50〜150mni的範圍。. 16. 如申請專利範圍第14項記載之座椅構造，其中對應上述肩胛骨附近位置之平衡點附近的彈性係數在直徑2〇mm 之壓縮板作用的負載特性下爲I 以下，對應肩峰附近 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝- 訂經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製本&張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4現格（210X297公釐) _ 47 - 20030iG9i A8 B8 J C8 ___ D8 六、申請專利範圍 5 位置之平衡點附近的彈性係數在直徑50nlnl之壓縮板作用的負載特性下爲0.2〜2.ON/mm以下，對應腰椎附近位置之平衡點附近的彈性係數在直徑2〇mm之壓縮板作用的負載特性下爲5 N / m m以上的範圍。 17·如申請專利範圍第丨項記載之座椅構造，其中上述背部用緩衝材爲三維立體編織物所形成，支撐該三維立體編織物的框架在預定以上的大撞擊性振動或外加撞撃力的場合變形’藉此降低三維立體編織物的張力之構成。 1 8·如申請專利範圍第1項記載之座椅構造，其中上述背部用緩衝材爲具備二維張力構造體及層積在該二維張力構造體之聚氨基甲酸乙酯的具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造體所形成’支撐該具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造的框架在預定以上的大撞擊性振動或外加撞擊力的場合變形，藉此降低具有聚氨基甲酸乙酯張力構造的張力之構成。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製不紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）200301G31 A8 B8 C8 D8 6. Scope of patent application 1 1 · A seat structure is a seat structure provided with a cushion material structure including a cushion material for the seat portion and a cushion material for the back, which is characterized by: The cushioning material for the seat portion and the cushioning material for the back constituting the cushioning structure are used as a tension structure having a tension field. At least one of the cushioning material for the seating portion and the cushioning material for the back corresponds to the input excitation force. The magnitude changes the strain energy to form a structure that can change the tension in the tangential direction. The input has a small attenuation ratio to make the attenuation characteristics act on the input with a small excitation force, while the input with a large excitation force has a large attenuation. The attenuation ratio acts on the attenuation characteristic, and it can display the attenuation characteristic according to the magnitude of the input excitation and vibration force. 2. The seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the buffer structure makes the directions of easy stretching on the plane along the front-rear direction of the seat portion and the up-down direction of the back portion, while restricting the vicinity of the boundary portion between the seat portion and the back portion An arbitrary position of the cushioning material for the seat portion located more forward than the vicinity of the boundary portion and an arbitrary position of the cushioning material for the back portion located more than the vicinity of the boundary portion are formed as free vibration systems. At least one side of the cushioning material for the seat part and the cushioning material for the back of the vibration system is corresponding to the magnitude of the input excitation force, so that the strain energy of the tension structure formed by the elastic body is changed to change the tension in the tangential direction. On the other side, there is a spring characteristic showing a relatively high normal direction of the tension structure. According to the combined effect of these different characteristics, the excitation force input in the normal direction of the buffer material can be dispersed into the tangential excitation. Force construction. 3 · If the seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, which can make full use of this paper size, apply China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public dream) I —--· 1—_m -... .... »= —I--I (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page), 11 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 200301031 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Patent Application Scope 2 (Please (Read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) The cushioning material for the seat and the cushioning material for the back are separated from each other by connecting yarns according to the magnitude of the excitation force that constitutes the input. A pair of three-dimensional knitted fabrics formed by a pair of ground knitted fabrics are placed between the side frames of the seat or the back with a stretch of 30% or less under no load, and are in contact with the human body. Curved shapes with protruding tops are provided on the seat, front and back, respectively. 4. The seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the cushioning material for the seat portion and the cushioning material for the back are made of a pair of ground knitted fabrics that are connected and separated from each other by connecting yarns. A three-dimensional knitted fabric is formed, and any one of the above-mentioned cushioning materials that can exhibit different attenuation characteristics according to the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the above input is installed at the seat portion with an elongation of 30% or less under no load. Or between the side frames of the back, and in contact with the human body, arc shapes with protruding tops are provided on the front of the back above the seat, respectively. Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives5. For the seat structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the cushioning material for seat parts that can exert different attenuation characteristics corresponding to the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the above input The buffer material for the back and the back are both formed with a two-dimensional tension structure and a polyurethane layer with a polyurethane layer laminated on the two-dimensional tension structure, and are stretched under no load. At a rate of 30% or less, it is placed between the side frame of the seat or the back, and in the contact area with the human body, a curved surface with a protruding top is provided on the back above the seat. -45- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 Gongchu) 2o03iG3i ABICD 6. Scope of patent application 3 (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 6. The seat structure described in the first item of the scope of the patent application, wherein the seat cushioning material for the seat and the cushioning material for the back are provided with a two-dimensional tension structure, and a polyamino acid layered on the two-dimensional tension structure. Formed with a polyurethane tension structure of the formic acid layer, any buffer material that exhibits different attenuation characteristics with different attenuation ratios corresponding to the magnitude of the excitation force constituting the above input is stretched at an elongation of 30% or less under no load At the same time as being arranged between the side frames of the seat part or the back, in the contact circle with the human body, arc-shaped shapes each having a protruding top are provided on the front of the back above the seat part. 7. The seat structure as described in any one of items 3 to 6 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the top of the protruding portion of the cushioning material for the seat portion or the cushioning material for the back showing the above-mentioned arc shape is in contact with the human body In a balanced state, the upper part of the front part and the back part of the seat part are respectively offset and formed to be deformable. 8. The seat structure according to any one of claims 3 to 6 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the above-mentioned arc shape of the cushioning material for the seat portion or the cushioning material for the back forms a range of a radius of 200 mm to 3000 mm. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 9. The seat structure as described in any one of the items 3 to 6 of the scope of patent application, in which the cushioning material for the seat portion or the cushioning material for the back is shown as the above-mentioned curved surface It is stretched in the width direction between the arched side frames. 10. The seat structure according to any one of claims 3 to 6 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the cushioning material for the seat portion is formed in an arc shape, and when displayed from the side, the boundary between the seat portion and the back 1 Above 0 0 mm, there is an apex on the front side below the nodule. 1 1. The seat (CNS) A4 ^ (21 OX 297 / ^ ¾) as described in any one of the items 3 to 6 of the scope of patent application, "46 _ ~ 200301〇9 {A8 B8 C8 ____ D8 VI. The scope of the patent application 4 structure, in which the elongation of the cushioning material for the seat part or the cushioning material for the back is different from the elongation range of 30% or less, and some of them are different. 1 2 · As described in item π of the scope of patent application The seat structure is stretched near the lower tuberosity of the seat bone and near the lumbar spine with a relatively high elongation compared with other positions. 1 3 · The seat structure described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the cushioning material is used for the seat Among the cushioning materials for the back, any cushioning material that can exhibit different attenuation characteristics corresponding to the magnitude of the excitation force input as described above can be arranged on the upper layer. The elasticity coefficient is similar to the elasticity coefficient of human muscles. 1st polyurethane layer; 2nd polyurethane layer with high resilience and a linearity of 0.1 or more and a hysteresis loss ratio of 30% or less, placed in the middle layer; placed in the lower layer, showing an attenuation ratio of 0 · 2 Attenuation characteristics And a layered structure of a tension imparting member that is laminated on any of the above layers and that imparts tangential tension. 14. The seat structure as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application , Which is provided with the above-mentioned cushioning material for back, which has a large amount of deflection corresponding to the position near the scapula, and a small amount of deflection corresponding to the position near the scapula and / or lumbar spine. 15. If the seat structure described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, The amount of deflection corresponding to the position near the scapula is in the range of 50 ~ 150mni. 16. The seat structure described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the elastic coefficient near the balance point corresponding to the position near the scapula is 2 in diameter. The load characteristic of the compression board of mm is below I, corresponding to the vicinity of the shoulder (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)-Installation-Order the printed copy of the employee consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy & Zhang scale applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 now (210X297 mm) _ 47-20030iG9i A8 B8 J C8 ___ D8 6. The scope of patent application 5 near the balance point of the position The coefficient is 0.2 ~ 2.ON / mm or less under the load characteristic of a compression plate with a diameter of 50nlnl, and the elastic coefficient near the equilibrium point corresponding to the position near the lumbar spine is 5 N / under the load characteristic of a compression plate with a diameter of 20mm. A range of more than mm. 17. The seat structure described in item 丨 of the patent application range, wherein the back cushioning material is formed of a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric, and the frame supporting the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric has a large impact vibration above a predetermined level. Or deformation when the impact force is applied, thereby reducing the tension of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric. 18. The seat structure according to item 1 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the back cushioning material is a polyurethane-containing polyurethane having a two-dimensional tension structure and a polyurethane laminated on the two-dimensional tension structure. Ethyl tension structure formed to support the frame with a polyurethane tension structure is deformed in the case of a predetermined high vibration or an external impact force, thereby reducing the tension of the polyurethane tension structure. Make up. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)