SE470404B - Methods of protecting organic materials such as oils, fats and polymeric materials from oxidation or other degradative action wherein fullerene or derivatives based thereon are added to the organic material - Google Patents

Methods of protecting organic materials such as oils, fats and polymeric materials from oxidation or other degradative action wherein fullerene or derivatives based thereon are added to the organic material

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Publication number
SE470404B
SE470404B SE9300619A SE9300619A SE470404B SE 470404 B SE470404 B SE 470404B SE 9300619 A SE9300619 A SE 9300619A SE 9300619 A SE9300619 A SE 9300619A SE 470404 B SE470404 B SE 470404B
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molecules
substantially spherical
carbon
carbon molecules
oxidation
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SE9300619A
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Swedish (sv)
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SE9300619L (en
SE9300619D0 (en
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Mats Dahlund
Lennart Johansson
Thorsten Schuette
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Abb Research Ltd
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Priority to SE9300619A priority Critical patent/SE9300619L/en
Publication of SE9300619D0 publication Critical patent/SE9300619D0/en
Publication of SE470404B publication Critical patent/SE470404B/en
Publication of SE9300619L publication Critical patent/SE9300619L/en
Priority to PCT/SE1994/000148 priority patent/WO1994019423A1/en

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Description

15 20 25 30 35 470 404; UPPF INNINGEN Organiska material såsom oljor, fetter och polymera mate- rial, vilka utsättes för oxidation eller annan nedbrytande påverkan från yttre faktorer såsom värme eller annan strål- ning samt elektriska eller magnetiska fält, skyddas mot ned- brytning genom att ett motmedel i form av antioxidations- medel, spänningsstabilisatorer etc. tillsättes materialet. 15 20 25 30 35 470 404; INVENTION Organic materials such as oils, fats and polymeric materials, which are exposed to oxidation or other degrading effects from external factors such as heat or other radiation as well as electric or magnetic fields, are protected against degradation by an antidote in the form of antioxidants, voltage stabilizers, etc. are added to the material.

Enligt uppfinningen erhålles ett kraftigt förhöjt skydd mot nedbrytning hos organiska material genom att klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler, så kallade fullerener, eller deri- vat baserade på nämnda kolmolekyler tillsättes det organiska materialet. Fulleren molekylerna inblandas enligt uppfin- ningen till en halt uppgående till mellan 0.01 och 15 viktprocent, företrädesvist till en halt av mellan 0.1 och 7 viktprocent.According to the invention, a greatly increased protection against degradation of organic materials is obtained by adding spherical or tubular carbon molecules, so-called fullerenes, or derivatives based on said carbon molecules to the organic material. The fullerene molecules are mixed according to the invention to a content of between 0.01 and 15% by weight, preferably to a content of between 0.1 and 7% by weight.

De tillsatta kolmolekylerna förhindrar nedbrytning av det organiskt materialet genom att de infàngar och oskadliggör fria radikaler samt elektroner vilka har, genom den yttre påverkan, tillförts eller bildats i det organiska mate- rialet.The added carbon molecules prevent the decomposition of the organic material by capturing and neutralizing free radicals as well as electrons which have, through the external influence, been added or formed in the organic material.

I en utföringsform av uppfinningen inblandas nämnda klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler i ett organiskt material såsom en olja, ett fett eller i ett polymer material för att mot- verka nedbrytning i samband med termisk, elektrisk, eller magnetisk belastning eller yttre påverkan till följd av ljus eller annan strålning.In one embodiment of the invention, said globular or tubular carbon molecules are incorporated into an organic material such as an oil, a fat or a polymeric material to counteract degradation associated with thermal, electrical, or magnetic stress or external influences due to light. or other radiation.

Ett polymermaterial vilket har skyddats mot nedbrytning ; genom inblandning av klot- och rörformade kolmolekyler enligt uppfinnigen är av stort värde som isolator i vid g elektriska installationer genom att utöver det förhöjda skyddet mot nedbrytning, genom att nämnda kolmolekyler infàngar och omhändertar fria radikaler och elektroner, också ett skydd mot nedbrytning av polymermaterialet till 10 15 20 25 30 35 4% 4% 3 följd av elektriska genomslag så kallad glimning. Glimnings- resistansen erhålles genom att, vid glimning, i polymermate- rialet ingående kolmolekyler frilägges, varvid dessa pà grund av sin relativt polymermaterialet lägre resistivitet och termiska ledningsförmåga sprider den elektriska och termiska belastningen från glimimpulsen över en större yta så att glimninningen reduceras pá ett verksamt sätt och skadan begränsas i stället för att tillväxa.A polymeric material which has been protected against degradation; by mixing spherical and tubular carbon molecules according to the invention is of great value as an insulator in wide electrical installations by, in addition to the increased protection against degradation, by said carbon molecules capturing and handling free radicals and electrons, also a protection against degradation of the polymeric material to 10 15 20 25 30 35 4% 4% 3 due to electrical breakdown so-called glare. The glow resistance is obtained by exposing carbon molecules contained in the polymer material during glimmer, whereby due to their relatively polymeric material lower resistivity and thermal conductivity they spread the electrical and thermal load from the glow pulse over a larger area so that the glare is reduced in an effective manner. way and the damage is limited instead of growing.

I en annan utföringsform av uppfinningen inkorporeras nämnda klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler till ett polymermaterial och bindes kemiskt till polymeren. När nämnda klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler inkorporeras och bindes kemiskt till ett polymermaterial hålls de skyddande kolmolekylerna kvar i polymermaterialet och kan ej migrera ut ur detsamma. Begrän- sas detta till endast en bindning mellan kolmolekylen och en en polymerkedja kommer kolmolekylen att avsluta kedjan. Då två kolatomer ingående i kolmolekylen binds till en polymer- kedja kommer kolmolekylen att bindas in i polymerkedjan, binds i stället de tvá kolatomerna till varsin polymerkedja kommer kolmolekylen att binda samma dessa polymerkedjor.In another embodiment of the invention, said globular or tubular carbon molecules are incorporated into a polymeric material and chemically bonded to the polymer. When said globular or tubular carbon molecules are incorporated and chemically bonded to a polymeric material, the protective carbon molecules are retained in the polymeric material and cannot migrate out of it. If this is limited to only one bond between the carbon molecule and a polymer chain, the carbon molecule will terminate the chain. When two carbon atoms contained in the carbon molecule bind to a polymer chain, the carbon molecule will bind into the polymer chain, instead the two carbon atoms bond to each polymer chain, the carbon molecule will bind the same these polymer chains.

Om kolmolekylen genom att ett flertal i kolmolekylen ingåen- de kolatomer binds tll ett flertal polymerkedjor ástadkoms en tvärbindning vilken utöver förhöjningen av nedbrytnings- motståndet knyter samman polymermolekylerna i starka nät- verk. Dessa tvärbundna nätverk förändrar polymermaterialet och framförallt dess mekaniska egenskaper främst i form av en förhöjning av polymermaterialets styvhet.If the carbon molecule is bound by a plurality of carbon atoms contained in the carbon molecule to a plurality of polymer chains, a crosslinking is achieved which, in addition to increasing the degradation resistance, binds the polymer molecules together in strong networks. These crosslinked networks change the polymeric material and above all its mechanical properties mainly in the form of an increase in the stiffness of the polymeric material.

EXEMPEL 1 Transformatorolja Väsentligen klotformade kolmolekyler innehållande 60 kol- atomer,C50, blandades i ett viktsförhàllande av 1:50 med ett överskott av dodecylamin och tilläts att reagera under om- rörning och värmetillförsel. Därvid erhållen addukt separe- 10 15 20 25 30 35 470 iï-Qff, 4 rades från reaktanterna och inblandades i en transformator- olja till en halt av 0.5 viktsprocent.EXAMPLE 1 Transformer oil Substantially spherical carbon molecules containing 60 carbon atoms, C50, were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:50 with an excess of dodecylamine and allowed to react with stirring and heat supply. The adduct thus obtained was separated from the reactants and mixed into a transformer oil to a content of 0.5% by weight.

En transformatorolja enligt detta exempel uppvisar ett förhöjt motstånd mot oxidativ nedbrytning och nedbrytning till följd av elektrisk belastning.A transformer oil according to this example has an increased resistance to oxidative degradation and degradation due to electrical load.

EXEMPEL 2 Isolatationsvätska C60 molekyler inblandades till en halt av 0.1 viktsprocent i toluen, varigenom en isolatorvätska vilken uppvisar förhöjt motstånd mot oxidativ nedbrytning och nedbrytning till följd av elektrisk belastning.EXAMPLE 2 Insulating liquid C60 molecules were mixed to a content of 0.1% by weight in toluene, whereby an insulating liquid which exhibits increased resistance to oxidative degradation and degradation due to electrical load.

EXEMPEL 3 smörjfett En addukt bereddes i analogi med exempel ett utifrån C50 molekyler och dodecylamin och inblandades till en halt av 0.5 viktsprocent 1 ett smörjfett bestående av mineralolja och ett förtjockningsmedel i form av en litiumtvàl.EXAMPLE 3 Lubricating grease An adduct was prepared in analogy to Example One from C50 molecules and dodecylamine and mixed to a content of 0.5% by weight in a lubricating grease consisting of mineral oil and a thickener in the form of a lithium soap.

Ett smörjfett enligt detta exempel uppvisar ett förhöjt motstånd mot oxidativ nedbrytning speciellt vid förhöjd temperatur.A lubricating grease according to this example shows an increased resistance to oxidative degradation, especially at elevated temperature.

EXEMPEL 4 Tvärbunden polyuretan.EXAMPLE 4 Crosslinked polyurethane.

C50 reagerades med en tioprocentig bromlösning i koldisulfid vid rumstemperatur under omrörning, varvid C60Br3 bildades och föll ut i form av kristaller. Bromfulleren separerades från reaktanterna och blandades med ett överskott av 1,2- 1 etandiol. Härvid bildades C60(OCH2CH2OH)n där nS8. Kvarva- rande bromsubstituenter avlägsnades genom uppvärmning till l50°C. 10 15 20 25 30 35 479 404 5 Erhàllen C50(OCH2CH2OH)n blandades i ricinolja till en halt av 5 viktsprocent. Denna blandning reagerades med en diiso- cyanat, metylendifenylisocyanat, varvid en tvärbunden polyuretan med en fullerenhalt av 3.3 viktsprocent erhölls.C50 was reacted with a 10% bromine solution in carbon disulfide at room temperature with stirring, whereby C60Br3 formed and precipitated as crystals. The bromine filler was separated from the reactants and mixed with an excess of 1,2-1 ethanediol. This gave C60 (OCH2CH2OH) n where nS8. Remaining brake substituents were removed by heating to 150 ° C. The obtained C50 (OCH 2 CH 2 OH) n was mixed in castor oil to a content of 5% by weight. This mixture was reacted with a diisocyanate, methylene diphenyl isocyanate to give a crosslinked polyurethane having a fullerene content of 3.3% by weight.

En tvärbunden polyuretan enligt detta exempel har fulleren molekylerna inkorporerade i polymerkedjorna varigenom iso- cyanatgrupper från ett flertal di-isocyanat molekyler binds till samma fulleren molekyl. Denna tvärbindning ger ett mycket styvt polyuretan material.A crosslinked polyurethane of this example has the fullerene molecules incorporated into the polymer chains whereby isocyanate groups from a plurality of diisocyanate molecules bind to the same fullerene molecule. This crosslink provides a very rigid polyurethane material.

EXEMEEL 5.EXAMPLE 5.

Isolerlack C50 molekyler inblandades till en halt av 5 viktsprocent i ett epoxiharts avsett att som isolerande skikt påläggas en elektrisk ledare.Insulating lacquer C50 molecules were mixed to a content of 5% by weight in an epoxy resin intended to be applied as an insulating layer as an electrical conductor.

En elektrisk isolering i form av ett isolerlack enligt uppfinningen uppvisar ett förhöjt motstånd mot oxidativ nedbrytning till följd av elektrisk belastning eller andra yttre faktotrer.An electrical insulation in the form of an insulating varnish according to the invention shows an increased resistance to oxidative degradation due to electrical load or other external factors.

EXEMPEL 6 Halvledande polyeten.EXAMPLE 6 Semiconductor polyethylene.

Ett pulver bestående av C60 molekyler blandades med kimrök till en halt av 6 viktsprocent. Den fullereninnehàllande kimröksblandningen inblandades 1 HD-polyeten, knådades och valsades till en homogenmassa med en sammansättning av 3 viktsprocent fulleren 47 viktsprocent kimrök 50 viktsprocent HD-polyeten.A powder consisting of C60 molecules was mixed with carbon black to a content of 6% by weight. The fullerene-containing carbon black mixture was mixed in 1 HD polyethylene, kneaded and rolled to a homogeneous mass with a composition of 3% by weight of fullerenes 47% by weight carbon black 50% by weight of HD polyethylene.

Ett halvledande polymermaterial med positive temperatur koefficient berett enligt detta exempel uppvisar ett förhöjt 10 15 20 470 434 6 motstånd mot nedbrytning relativt konventionella polymera PTC-material.A semiconductor polymer material with a positive temperature coefficient prepared according to this example exhibits an increased resistance to degradation relative to conventional polymeric PTC materials.

EXEMPEL 7 Halvledande sampolymer.EXAMPLE 7 Semiconductor copolymer.

Ett pulver bestående av C50 molekyler blandades med kimrök till en halt av 10 viktsprocent. Den fullereninnehàllande kimröksblandningen inblandades i en sampolymer av LD-poly- eten, LD-PE, och etylenbutylakrylat,EBA, knàdades och valsades till en homogenmassa med en sammansättning av 5 viktsprocent fulleren 45 viktsprocent kimrök 50 viktsprocent av en sampolymer av LD-PE och EBA.A powder consisting of C50 molecules was mixed with carbon black to a content of 10% by weight. The fullerene-containing carbon black mixture was blended into a copolymer of LD-polyethylene, LD-PE, and ethylene butyl acrylate, EBA, kneaded and rolled into a homogeneous mass having a composition of 5% by weight fullerene 45% by weight carbon black 50% by weight of L .

En halvledande sampolymer berett enligt detta exempel och ingående som skärmning i ett isolersystem kring en elektrisk ledare uppvisar ett förhöjt motstånd mot oxidativ nedbryt- ning till följd av elektrisk belastning eller andra yttre faktotrer.A semiconducting copolymer prepared according to this example and incorporated as shielding in an insulating system around an electrical conductor exhibits an increased resistance to oxidative degradation due to electrical load or other external factors.

Claims (6)

10 15 20 25 30 35 470 404 PATENTKRAV10 15 20 25 30 35 470 404 PATENT REQUIREMENTS 1. l. Sätt att skydda organiska material såsom oljor, fetter och polymera material, vilka utsättes för oxidation eller annan nedbrytande påverkan till följd av påverkan från yttre faktorer såsom värme eller annan strålning samt elektriska eller magnetiska fält varvid ett mot nedbrytningen verkande medel tillsättes, k ä n n e t e c k n a t a v, att väsentligen klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler, så kallade fullerener, eller derivat baserade på nämnda kolmolekyler tillsättes det organiska materialet.1. l. Methods of protecting organic materials such as oils, fats and polymeric materials which are subjected to oxidation or other degrading effects due to the influence of external factors such as heat or other radiation as well as electric or magnetic fields whereby a degrading agent is added, characterized in that substantially spherical or tubular carbon molecules, so-called fullerenes, or derivatives based on said carbon molecules are added to the organic material. 2. Sätt enligt patentkrav 1, k ä n n e t e c k n a t att nämnda väsentligen klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler inblandas till en halt av mellan 0.01 och 15 viktsprocent i a v, ett organiskt material för att motverka nedbrytning genom oxidation eller annan nedbrytande påverkan.2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said substantially spherical or tubular carbon molecules are mixed to a content of between 0.01 and 15% by weight in a v, an organic material to counteract degradation by oxidation or other degrading effect. 3. Sätt enligt patentkrav 2, k ä n n e t e c k n a t att nämnda väsentligen klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler a v, inblandas till en halt av mellan 0.1 och 7 viktsprocent.3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that said substantially spherical or tubular carbon molecules a v are mixed in to a content of between 0.1 and 7% by weight. 4. Sätt enligt patentkrav l, k ä n n e t e c k n a t a v, att nämnda väsentligen klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler inkorporeras och bindes kemiskt till ett polymermaterial.4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said substantially spherical or tubular carbon molecules are incorporated and chemically bonded to a polymeric material. 5. Sätt enligt patentkrav 4, k ä n n e t e c k n a t att nämnda väsentligen klot- eller rörformade kolmolekyler a v, inkorporeras i polymermaterialet genom att två i kolmoleky- len ingående kolatomer inkorporeras i en i polymermaterialet ingående polymerkedja.5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that said substantially spherical or tubular carbon molecules a v are incorporated in the polymeric material by incorporating two carbon atoms contained in the carbon molecule in a polymer chain included in the polymeric material. 6. Sätt enligt patentkrav 4, k ä n n e t e c k n a t a v, att nämnda väsentligen klot eller rörformade kolmolekyler inkorporeras i polymermaterialet genom att ett flertal i kolmolekylen ingående kolatomer genom en tvärbindningsreak- tion knytes till ett flertal polymerkedjor för att binda samman dessa i ett nätverk. ., .n »mmm6. The method of claim 4, wherein said substantially spherical or tubular carbon molecules are incorporated into the polymeric material by linking a plurality of carbon atoms contained in the carbon molecule through a crosslinking reaction to a plurality of polymer chains to bond them together in a network. ., .n »mmm
SE9300619A 1993-02-24 1993-02-24 Methods of protecting organic materials such as oils, fats and polymeric materials from oxidation or other degradative action wherein fullerene or derivatives based thereon are added to the organic material SE9300619L (en)

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