SE1550489A1 - Method and arrangement for locating short-circuits in energysupply systems - Google Patents

Method and arrangement for locating short-circuits in energysupply systems Download PDF

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Publication number
SE1550489A1
SE1550489A1 SE1550489A SE1550489A SE1550489A1 SE 1550489 A1 SE1550489 A1 SE 1550489A1 SE 1550489 A SE1550489 A SE 1550489A SE 1550489 A SE1550489 A SE 1550489A SE 1550489 A1 SE1550489 A1 SE 1550489A1
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SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
current
transformer
voltage level
voltage
measurement
Prior art date
Application number
SE1550489A
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English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Kämpfer
Original Assignee
Abb Technology Ag
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Technology Ag filed Critical Abb Technology Ag
Publication of SE1550489A1 publication Critical patent/SE1550489A1/sv

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Description

lO WO 2014/067831 - 2 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 an excess current does not suffice for clearly isolating a point of fault. The network section that has the point of fault can however only be clearly located as a result of adding the direction information of the current. For this short-circuit or excess purpose, more recent short-circuit indicators use the capacitive pickup of the medium voltage switching unit that is provided in the proper sense only to establish the absence of voltage for a voltage measurement with a reduced measurement quality. If a capacitive pickup is not present, in particular in air-insulated systems, it is not possible to identify the direction of the short- circuit or excess current.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a method and an arrangement for determining the direction of excess currents in energy supply networks, in particular in medium voltage networks, wherein said method and arrangement render it possible to reliably isolate a point of fault caused by a short-circuit or excess current, in particular even if the switching systems of the energy supply network do not comprise a capacitive pickup.
This object is also achieved by virtue of the næthod for determining the direction of excess currents in an energy supply network in accordance with clahn l and also by virtue of the arrangement in accordance with the co-ordinated claim 7.
Advantageous embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims.
In accordance with the invention, a method is provided for determining the direction of excess currents in an energy supply network that connects by way of a transformer a medium voltage network to a low voltage network, also known as a medium voltage level and a low lO l5 WO 2014/067831 - 3 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 voltage level, wherein the transformer that is arranged between the nædium voltage level and the low voltage level transforms the medium voltage into a low voltage.
The method in accordance with the invention comprises the following steps.
In a first step, a current measurement is performed in at least one output line of the medium voltage level by first and also a means of a measuring transducer voltage measurement is in the low voltage the performed level of transformer or in a low voltage distribution system that is arranged downstream and an excess current is detected. By way of example, current converters or current sensors are used to measure the current. The voltage measurement can be performed in an advantageous manner in the low voltage level by means the voltage in a measuring of directly recording transducer or a processing unit. A voltage converter or voltage sensor is not required.
In a second step, the phase difference between the current that is measured in the medium voltage level l and. the voltage that is measured. in the low voltage level 3 is determined from the current measurement and voltage measurement.
The phase difference between the current that is measured in the nædium voltage level and the voltage that is measured in the low voltage level is evaluated in the first næasuring transducer or i11 a processing unit that cooperates with said measuring transducer, by way of example a remotely located unit, to the effect that the direction of the excess current is determined from said phrase position and the determined decision regarding the direction is corrected in dependence upon the phase rotation of the transformer. Depending on the reference system, the fault can be located upstream or lO WO 2014/067831 - 4 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 downstreafl1 of the measuring' position. This direction can be determined with reference to the value of the phase difference.
In order to determine the direction of the excess current in a more precise manner, it is possible in one embodiment of the invention to set a correcting phase angle in the first measuring transducer or the processing unit and said correcting phase angle takes into account the line phase angle. The line phase angle takes into account the phase rotation of the current that is caused as a result of the line impedance. of the method in further embodiment with In a improved accordance the invention, a second measuring transducer is arranged on the low voltage level of the transformer and an additional current næasurement and voltage measurement is performed. at the low voltage level using said second næasuring transducer, wherein fron1 the additional measurement a power flow through the transformer and thus a load-dependent voltage difference is determined from the magnitude of the power flow and the phase angle. This is performed by using a transformer equivalent circuit diagram or transformer model that is implemented in a processing unit. The phase difference between the medium voltage current and the voltage in the low voltage level can be additionally corrected using the determined phase angle which is in particular relevant even if in the case of a short-circuit a load flow occurs through the transformer, by way of example by means of energy systems that are arranged in a decentralised manner in and. this results the supply network, in an angle of phase rotation that cannot be ignored.
In an alternative to using the phase difference between the measured current and the measured voltage, the power flow and. thus the power flow direction in the lO l5 WO 2014/067831 - 5 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 medium voltage network can also be determined using the above described. method. A decision on the direction relating' to the direction. of the excess current can likewise be determined on the basis of the power flow direction, wherein the fault is located in the supply direction of the power.
In. a further embodiment of the method. in accordance with the invention, an extrapolation of the voltage is performed upstream of where the short circuit occurs or rather where the excess current occurs in a storage device, which is integrated into the measuring transducer, or in the processing unit and the direction of the current is determined from said extrapolation on the basis of these stored. values, whereby the reliability of determining the direction is increased in an advantageous manner* in the case of very small voltage values.
In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, an arrangement is provided for determining the direction of excess currents in an Supply network having at least one local network station or energy rather transformer substation. that connects a medium voltage level and a low voltage level to one another by way of a transformer.
The arrangement in accordance with the invention is equipped with a first measuring transducer in which an excess current is identified and the direction of the current is determined in the medium voltage level.
The first measuring transducer is arranged in at least one output line of the medium voltage level and performs a current measurement on the mediun1 voltage level and also a voltage measurement on the lower voltage level of the transformer and detects from these measurements a pending excess current. lO WO 2014/067831 - 6 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 The first measuring transducer or with a processing unit that cooperates said first measuring transducer determines from the current measurement and the voltage measurement the phase difference between the current and voltage or determines a power flow in the medium voltage level and evaluates the phase difference or the power flow taking into account the phase rotation of the transformer and from said evaluation determines the direction of the excess current.
In accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the arrangement in accordance with the invention, a second measuring transducer the is provided that cooperates with first measuring transducer and performs an additional current measurement and voltage measurement on the low voltage level of the transformer. It is then possible using' this measurement to determine a power flow through the transformer and thus a load-dependent voltage difference from the magnitude of the power flow and the phase angle.
The current measurements of the measuring transducer are embodied as current converters or current sensors.
In accordance with the invention, the first measuring transducer and/or the second measuring transducer are connected in order to isolate a point of fault in the energy supply network by remote diagnosis by way of a communication unit having a network control centre or a higher ranking system that is by way of example embodied as a nmnagement/control system that receives the measured values or of the for further processing notifications regarding the direction excess current that are provided by the næasuring transducer or by the processing unit of the local network station or rather transformer substation. By way of example, a control system can thus automatically isolate the point lO WO 2014/067831 - 7 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 of fault by means of a stored network topology on the basis of the notifications received from multiple local network stations or rather transformer substations, said control system can subsequently propose switching operations for clearing' affected. network parts and a resupply of non-affected network parts or said control system can automatically perform said procedures. housed in a into the The communication unit is separate device but can also be preferably integrated processing unit.
In one embodiment of the arrangement in accordance with the invention for locating short-circuits in the medium voltage level of the energy supply network, the local substation is the network station or rather transformer equipped. with a display apparatus that displays data. or notifications regarding' the direction of the current that obtained from the measured GXCGSS alfê values and, by way of example can dispatch a fault clearance team to the transformer substation. embodiments and further also the The invention and advantageous improvements of invention are to be explained and described with reference to the exemplary in accordance with the embodiment of the arrangement invention that is illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1 illustrates schematically a part region of an energy supply network that can also comprise decentralized energy systems, said energy supply system having a nædium voltage level l and a network voltage level 3.
The medium voltage network is transformed by way of a transformer substation that comprises a transformer 4 that is illustrated in this figure as a main component, and said transformer transforms the higher voltages of lO l5 WO 2014/067831 - 8 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 the mediun1 voltage level 2 to lower voltages of the lower voltage level 3.
The transformer substation between the nædium voltage level l and the low voltage level 3 is also described as a local network station since it is arranged near to the households in built-up areas and provides a network voltage for end consumers.
The current is measured in an output line of the medium voltage level l by means of a first measuring transducer 2 and an excess current is detected.
Simultaneously, the first measuring' transducer 2 performs a voltage measurement on the low voltage level 3 of the transformer 4 or in a subordinate low voltage distribution system. The phase difference between measured current and measured voltage is determined by means of the two measurements. The phase difference is evaluated within the first measuring transducer 2 or in a further-processing unit 5 that is connected. to the first measuring transducer 2, by way of example in a remotely located control unit, taking into account the phase rotation of the transformer 4 and the direction of the excess current is determined as a result of the evaluation.
In order to improve the process of determining the direction, the correcting phase angle that by way of example takes into account the line phase angle can moreover not only be set in the first measuring transducer* 2 but it can also be set in the further- processing unit 5 in order to improve process of determining the direction.
The arrangement in accordance with the invention optionally comprises a that is second measuring transducer 6 arranged. on the low voltage level 3 of the transformer 4 and cooperates with the first measuring lO WO 2014/067831 - 9 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 transducer 2 and the processing' unit 5 in order to provide an additional current and voltage measurement.
In accordance with the invention, the load-dependent voltage phase angle difference by way of the transformer 4 is taken into account during the process of determining the direction by means of measuring the current and. voltage on the low *voltage level 3. The the transducer 6 and the determined direction is corrected measurement is performed by way of measuring in the further-processing unit 5.
The direction is determined by means of the power direction at the transformer 4. The power is determined from the current and voltage næasurements of the low voltage level 3 and the current measurement on the medium voltage level 2 taking into account the characteristic data of the transformer 4 in the further-processing unit 5.
The second measuring transducer 6 determines the power flow through the transformer 4 and thus the load- dependent voltage difference that arises from the magnitude of the power flow and the phase angle. The values of the additional current measurement and voltage measurement are supplied by means of the second transducer 6 of the further-processing unit 5 in order to determine the load-dependent voltage difference and a transformer equivalent circuit diagram or transformer model are implemented in said further-processing unit.
The phase difference between the current that flows in the medium voltage level l and the voltage in the low voltage level 3 can be additionally corrected using the determined phase angle. This is in particular relevant even, if in the case of a short-circuit, a load, flow occurs through. the transformer* 4, by way of example caused as a result of decentralized energy systems, and wo 2014/067831 - 10 - PcT/EP2013/072i62 this results in an angle of phase rotation of the phase difference that cannot be ignored.
In accordance with the invention, an excess current is identified and the direction of the current is determined in the first measuring transducer 2. The phase rotation of the transformer and an additional correcting phase angle can be parameterized. lO WO 2014/067831 - ll - PCT/EP20l3/072162 List of Reference Numerals O? »BUONIA Medium Voltage Network, Medium Voltage Level First Measuring Transducer Low Voltage Network, Low Voltage Level Transformer for Transforming the Medium. Voltage into a Low Voltage Processing Unit, Further-processing Unit Second Measuring Transducer Communication Unit

Claims (1)

1. 0 15 20 25 30 35 WO 2014/067831 - 12 - PCT/EP2013/072162 Claims A. method. for determining' the direction. of excess currents in an energy supply network having at least one local network station or rather transformer substation that connects a medium voltage network (l) and a low voltage network (3), also known as a medium voltage level and low voltage level, to one another by way of a transformer (4), said method comprising the following steps: - a current measurement is performed by means of a. first measuring “transducer (2) i11 at least one output line of the nædium voltage network (l) and also a voltage measurement is performed in the low voltage level (3) of the transformer (4) or a subordinate low voltage distribution system and an excess current is detected, - the phase difference between the current that is measured in the medium voltage level (l) and the voltage that is measured in the low voltage level (3) or the power flow in the medium voltage network (1) is determined from the current and voltage measurement, - the phase difference or the power flow in the medium voltage network (1) is evaluated by means of the first measuring transducer (2) or a processing unit (5) that cooperates with said transducer taking into account the phase rotation of the transformer (4), and the direction of the excess current is determined from this evaluation. The method as claimed in claim l, characterized in that in order to improve the process of determining the direction of the excess current a correcting phase angle that by way of example takes into account the line phase angle is set in the first lO 15 20 25 30 35 WO 2014/067831 - l3 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 measuring transducer (2) or the processing unit (5). The method as claimed in claim. l or 2, characterized in that an additional current measurement and voltage measurement is performed at the low voltage level (3) of the transformer (4) by means of a second measuring transducer (6), wherein a power flow through the transformer (4) is determined. fron1 the measurement and. thus a load- dependent voltage difference is determined from the magnitude of the power flow and the phase angle. The method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the power flow through the transformer (4) and thus a load-dependent voltage difference is determined by means of a transformer equivalent circuit diagram or transformer model that is implemented i11 the further-processing unit (5) in order to use the phase angle that can be determined in this manner in order to additionally correct the phase difference between the current that is measured in the nædium voltage level (l) and the voltage that is næasured in the low voltage level (3). The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first Hæasuring transducer (2) or the processing unit (5) comprise a storage device in which voltage values are stored until the excess current is detected, and the direction of the current is determined fronl said stored values. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that current converters or current sensors are used to measure the current. 10 15 20 25 30 35 WO 2014/067831 - 14 - PCT/EP2013/072162 An arrangement for determining the direction of excess currents in an energy supply network having at least one local network station or rather transformer substation that connects a medium voltage level (l) and a. low voltage level (3) to one another by way of a transformer (4), comprising - a first measuring transducer (2) with which a current measurement can be performed in at least one output line of the medium voltage level (l) and a voltage measurement can also be performed on the low voltage level (3) of the transformer (4) and. an excess current can be detected, - the first measuring transducer (2) or a processing unit (5) that cooperates with said measuring transducer is embodiedt for the purpose of determining from the current measurement and voltage measurement the phase difference between the current that is measured in the medium voltage level (l) and the voltage that is næasured in the low voltage level (3) or the power flow in the medium voltage level (1), - taking into account the phase rotation of the transformer (4) evaluates the phase difference or the power flow and thus determines the direction of the excess current. The arrangement as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a second measuring transducer (6) that cooperates with the first measuring transducer (2) performs an additional current measurement and voltage measurement at the low voltage level (3) of the transformer (4), wherein a power flow through the transformer (4) can be determined from this measurement and thus a load- dependant voltage difference can be determined from 10 15 20 25 30 35 WO 10. 11. 12. 13. 2014/067831 - 15 - PCT/EP20l3/072162 the magnitude of the power flow and the phase angle. The arrangement as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the measuring transducers (2, 6) use current converters or current sensors to measure the current. The arrangement as claimed in any one of the claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the measured values and/or notifications regarding the direction of the excess current that are provided by the næasuring (2), (6) (5) can be transferred by way of a communication unit (Ü control unit in order to isolate a point of fault transducer or by the processing unit to a network control centre or a higher ranking in the energy supply network by means of remote diagnosis. The arrangement as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the communication unit (7) is arranged i11 a separate device or i11 a processing unit (5). The arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 7 to ll, characterized in that the local network station or rather transformer substation is equipped with a display apparatus that displays the data or notifications the regarding the direction of current that are obtained from. the measured values. The arrangement as claimed in any one of the claims 7 to l2, network characterized in that the energy supply also comprises decentralized energy systems.
SE1550489A 2012-10-31 2013-10-23 Method and arrangement for locating short-circuits in energysupply systems SE1550489A1 (sv)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012021330 2012-10-31
DE102013006199.7A DE102013006199A1 (de) 2012-10-31 2013-04-11 Verfahren und Anordnung für die Lokalisierung von Kurzschlüssen in Energieversorgungsnetzen
PCT/EP2013/072162 WO2014067831A1 (de) 2012-10-31 2013-10-23 Verfahren und anordnung für die lokalisierung von kurzschlüssen in energieversorgungsnetzen

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Publication Number Publication Date
SE1550489A1 true SE1550489A1 (sv) 2015-04-24

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SE1550489A SE1550489A1 (sv) 2012-10-31 2013-10-23 Method and arrangement for locating short-circuits in energysupply systems

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US (1) US9910080B2 (sv)
CN (1) CN104769448B (sv)
DE (2) DE102013006199A1 (sv)
IN (1) IN2015DN02838A (sv)
SE (1) SE1550489A1 (sv)
WO (1) WO2014067831A1 (sv)

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MX2019015169A (es) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-14 Prolec S A De C V Aparato y método para identificar una falla en devanados de un transformador de distribución.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN2015DN02838A (sv) 2015-09-11
CN104769448A (zh) 2015-07-08
CN104769448B (zh) 2017-09-05
DE112013005232A5 (de) 2015-08-06
DE102013006199A1 (de) 2014-04-30
US9910080B2 (en) 2018-03-06
WO2014067831A1 (de) 2014-05-08
US20150234016A1 (en) 2015-08-20

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