RU2220245C2 - Method of separating lignocellulose biomass - Google Patents

Method of separating lignocellulose biomass Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2220245C2
RU2220245C2 RU2001130355/12A RU2001130355A RU2220245C2 RU 2220245 C2 RU2220245 C2 RU 2220245C2 RU 2001130355/12 A RU2001130355/12 A RU 2001130355/12A RU 2001130355 A RU2001130355 A RU 2001130355A RU 2220245 C2 RU2220245 C2 RU 2220245C2
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Russia
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lignin
alkanolamine
carried out
separated
cellulose
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RU2001130355/12A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2001130355A (en
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Тис Карстенс
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Родиа Ацетов Гмбх
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21CPRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C1/00Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
    • D21C1/02Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21CPRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C3/00Pulping cellulose-containing materials
    • D21C3/003Pulping cellulose-containing materials with organic compounds

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  • Paper (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)

Abstract

FIELD: paper-and-pulp industry. SUBSTANCE: in order to separate lignocellulose biomass into lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose, biomass is preliminarily subjected to water or water steam hydrolysis. Hydrolyzed hemicellulose is extracted with aqueous medium. After that, modified lignin present in residue is extracted with alkanolamine containing no N-alkyl substituents. Lignin is separated from extractant, which is further recovered. Hemicelluloses and lignin can be separated from cellulose in two different process stages. For that simple standard equipment components may be employed. EFFECT: simplified process and reduced expenses on chemicals and power. 30 cl, 17 tbl, 24 ex

Description

Текст описания в факсимильном виде (см. графическую часть). Description text in facsimile form (see graphic part).

Claims (24)

1. Способ разделения лигноцеллюлозной биомассы, в частности древесины, на основные компоненты в виде лигнина, гемицеллюлозы и целлюлозы, при котором проводят a) предварительный гидролиз лигноцеллюлозной биомассы путем обработки водой или водяным паром; b) экстрагирование гидролизованной гемицеллюлозы, образовавшейся в результате предварительного гидролиза, водной средой; с) экстрагирование модифицированного процессом лигнина, содержащегося в остатке, алканоламином, отделение лигнина, регенерация алканоламина, при этом алканоламин не замещается алкильными группами азота; d) получение сырья для целлюлозного производства.1. The method of separation of lignocellulosic biomass, in particular wood, into the main components in the form of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, in which carry out a) preliminary hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass by treatment with water or steam; b) extraction of hydrolyzed hemicellulose resulting from preliminary hydrolysis with an aqueous medium; c) extraction of the process-modified lignin in the residue with alkanolamine, separation of lignin, alkanolamine regeneration, while alkanolamine is not replaced by nitrogen alkyl groups; d) obtaining raw materials for pulp production. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором предварительный гидролиз на этапе а) проводят лишь настолько, чтобы обеспечить расщепление связанных с гемицеллюлозами кислот, и на этапе b) расщепленные кислоты вымывают.2. The method according to claim 1, in which the preliminary hydrolysis in step a) is carried out only to ensure that the hemicellulose-related acids are cleaved, and in step b) the cleaved acids are washed. 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, в котором в качестве лигноцеллюлозной биомассы используют измельченную или дробленую древесину, в частности древесину лиственных, буковых или хвойных деревьев.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the lignocellulosic biomass is crushed or crushed wood, in particular deciduous, beech or coniferous wood. 4. Способ по любому из пп.1-3, в котором прежде, чем проводится этап b), предварительно гидролизованную лигноцеллюлозную биомассу механически разделяют на волокна.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which, before step b) is carried out, the previously hydrolyzed lignocellulosic biomass is mechanically separated into fibers. 5. Способ по любому из пп.1-4, в котором перед началом обработки водяным паром на этапе а) дополнительно проводят предварительную кислотную или щелочную обработку.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which before starting the treatment with water vapor in step a), an additional acid or alkaline treatment is additionally carried out. 6. Способ по любому из пп.1-5, в котором предварительный гидролиз на этапе а) проводят паровзрывным способом или способом очистки отпариванием.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the preliminary hydrolysis in step a) is carried out by the steam-blasting method or by steaming. 7. Способ по любому из пп.1-6, в котором после обработки на этапе b) добавляют растворитель лигнина.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which, after processing in step b), a lignin solvent is added. 8. Способ по любому из пп.1-7, в котором соотношение масс воды и биомассы в расчете на сухое вещество задают равными 3:1 - 10:1, в частности 6:1, а соотношение масс водяного пара и биомассы 1:1 - 3:1.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the ratio of the masses of water and biomass per dry matter is set equal to 3: 1 to 10: 1, in particular 6: 1, and the mass ratio of water vapor and biomass is 1: 1 - 3: 1. 9. Способ по любому из пп.1-8, в котором перед этапом b) из полученной массы отжимают воду и затем ее механически разделяют на волокна.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which, before step b), water is squeezed from the resulting mass and then mechanically separated into fibers. 10. Способ по п.9, в котором разделенную на волокна массу дополнительно промывают горячей водой.10. The method according to claim 9, in which the fiber divided mass is additionally washed with hot water. 11. Способ по любому из пп.1-10, в котором после обработки на этапе b) дополнительно проводят обработку водным аммиачным раствором, аммиачным газом или жидким аммиаком.11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in which, after processing in step b), an aqueous ammonia solution, ammonia gas or liquid ammonia is further treated. 12. Способ по п.11, в котором жидкий аммиак применяют при начальном давлении, повышенном по отношению к атмосферному.12. The method according to claim 11, in which liquid ammonia is used at an initial pressure increased relative to atmospheric. 13. Способ по п.12, в котором полученную массу сохраняют горячей после предшествующей обработки паром и промывки, с помощью жидкого аммиака объем обрабатываемой освобожденной от гемицеллюлозы массы взрывообразно увеличивают в результате снятия напряжения снижением давления по меньшей мере на 5 бар.13. The method according to item 12, in which the resulting mass is kept hot after the previous steam treatment and washing, using liquid ammonia, the volume of the treated hemicellulose-free mass is explosively increased as a result of stress relieving by a pressure drop of at least 5 bar. 14. Способ по п.11, в котором соотношение масс жидкого аммиака и обрабатываемой массы в расчете на сухое вещество задают равным 1:1 - 4:1.14. The method according to claim 11, in which the ratio of the masses of liquid ammonia and the processed mass per dry matter is set equal to 1: 1 - 4: 1. 15. Способ по любому из пп.1-14, в котором на этапе с) проводят по меньшей мере две последовательные экстракции с использованием алканоламина.15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein in step c) at least two sequential extractions are carried out using alkanolamine. 16. Способ по любому из пп.1-15, в котором экстракцию проводят в течение по меньшей мере около 1 ч при температуре 80-220°С.16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, in which the extraction is carried out for at least about 1 hour at a temperature of 80-220 ° C. 17. Способ по любому из пп.1-16, в котором экстрагирующий агент подогревают на этапе с), в частности по меньшей мере до около 80°С.17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, in which the extracting agent is heated in step c), in particular to at least about 80 ° C. 18. Способ по любому из пп.1-17, в котором в качестве экстрагирующего агента применяют моноэтаноламин.18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, in which monoethanolamine is used as the extracting agent. 19. Способ по любому из пп.1-18, в котором остатки растворенного в алканоламине модифицированного процессом лигнина, прилипшие после экстракции к целлюлозе после варки, полностью удаляют растворителем.19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, in which the residues of the lignin modified in the alkanolamine modified by the process, adhering to the cellulose after cooking after cooking, are completely removed with a solvent. 20. Способ по п.19, в котором остаток модифицированного процессом лигнина и алканоламин в целлюлозе после варки удаляют растворителем при прямо- или противоточной мойке, затем растворитель может быть отделен дистилляцией от лигнина и экстрагирующего агента алканоламина и регенерирован для повторного использования.20. The method according to claim 19, in which the residue of the process-modified lignin and alkanolamine in cellulose after cooking is removed with a solvent in a direct or countercurrent washing, then the solvent can be separated by distillation from lignin and the alkanolamine extracting agent and regenerated for reuse. 21. Способ по любому из пп.1-20, в котором удаление алканоламина вместе с растворенным в нем модифицированным процессом лигнином из целлюлозы после варки производят отжимом или центрифугированием.21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, in which the removal of alkanolamine together with the modified lignin from the cellulose dissolved in it after cooking is carried out by extraction or centrifugation. 22. Способ по любому из пп.1-21, в котором модифицированный процессом лигнин переводят в осадок из алканоламина добавкой нерастворителя и отделяют процессами разделения твердое : жидкость.22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, in which the process-modified lignin is precipitated from alkanolamine by the addition of a non-solvent and solid: liquid is separated by separation processes. 23. Способ по п.22, в котором выпавший в осадок лигнин отделяют фильтрацией или центрифугированием алканоламина.23. The method according to item 22, in which the precipitated lignin is separated by filtration or centrifugation of alkanolamine. 24. Способ по п.22, в котором модифицированный процессом лигнин отделяют от алканоламина в тонкопленочном испарителе или в результате мембранного процесса.24. The method according to item 22, in which the process-modified lignin is separated from alkanolamine in a thin-film evaporator or as a result of a membrane process.
RU2001130355/12A 1999-04-12 2000-04-11 Method of separating lignocellulose biomass RU2220245C2 (en)

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