RU2018130657A - Выхлопная система - Google Patents

Выхлопная система Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2018130657A
RU2018130657A RU2018130657A RU2018130657A RU2018130657A RU 2018130657 A RU2018130657 A RU 2018130657A RU 2018130657 A RU2018130657 A RU 2018130657A RU 2018130657 A RU2018130657 A RU 2018130657A RU 2018130657 A RU2018130657 A RU 2018130657A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
zone
retention
monolithic substrate
reduction zone
selective catalytic
Prior art date
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RU2018130657A
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English (en)
Inventor
Гэвин БРАУН
Эндрю ЧИФФИ
Джонатан РЭДКЛИФФ
Original Assignee
Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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Publication of RU2018130657A publication Critical patent/RU2018130657A/ru

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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    • B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/063—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction zeolites
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    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
    • F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
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Claims (38)

1. Выхлопная система для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, выхлопная система включает,
а. ловушку обедненного NOx,
b. зону удерживания и восстановления NOx на монолитной подложке с проточными стенками, имеющей пористость с предварительно нанесенным покрытием 50% или больше, причем зона удерживания и восстановления NOx включает металл платиновой группы, нанесенный на один или более первых носителей, причем первый носитель или каждый из первых носителей содержит одно или более соединений щелочноземельного металла, и
с. зону селективного каталитического восстановления на монолитной подложке, причем зона селективного каталитического восстановления включает медь или железо, нанесенные на второй носитель, причем второй носитель включает молекулярное сито.
2. Система по п.1, в которой зона удерживания и восстановления NOx находится на первой монолитной подложке с проточными стенками, и зона селективного каталитического восстановления находится на второй монолитной подложке.
3. Система по п.1, в которой каждая из зоны удерживания и восстановления NOx и зоны селективного каталитического восстановления находится на участках одной и той же монолитной подложки с проточными стенками.
4. Система по п.3, в которой зона удерживания и восстановления NOx находится в каналах монолитной подложки с проточными стенками c одного ее конца, и зона селективного каталитического восстановления находится в каналах монолитной подложки с проточными стенками c другого ее конца.
5. Система по п. 3 или 4, в которой зона удерживания и восстановления NOx является протяженной на величину между 10% и 90% осевой длины монолитной подложки, и зона селективного каталитического восстановления является протяженной на величину между 90% и 10% осевой длины монолитной подложки.
6. Система по п.5, в которой осевая длина зоны удерживания и восстановления NOx и осевая длина зоны селективного каталитического восстановления перекрываются на 20% или менее общей осевой длины монолитной подложки.
7. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой пористость с предварительно нанесенным покрытием монолитной подложки с проточными стенками составляет 52% или более, предпочтительно 55% или более, более предпочтительно 60% или более, и наиболее предпочтительно 62% или более.
8. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой поры монолитной подложки с проточными стенками имеют диаметр в диапазоне от 12 мкм до 25 мкм.
9. Система по любому из пп. 4-8, в которой зона удерживания и восстановления NOx находится на стенках и/или внутри стенок впускных каналов впускного конца монолитной подложки, и зона селективного каталитического восстановления находится на стенках и/или внутри стенок выпускных каналов выпускного конца монолитной подложки.
10. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой первый носитель или каждый из них включает соединение церия, предпочтительно оксид церия или смешанный оксид церия и циркония.
11. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой соединение щелочноземельного металла или каждое из них включает оксид, карбонат и/или гидроксид магния, кальция, стронция или бария, или смесь любых двух или более из этих соединений.
12. Система по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в которой первый носитель или каждый из них дополнительно содержит оксид алюминия и/или алюминат.
13. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой молекулярное сито выбрано из бета-цеолита (BEA), фожазита (FAU), L-цеолита, шабазита, ZSM-цеолита, мелкопористого молекулярного сита, имеющего максимальный размер отверстия поры из восьми тетраэдрических атомов, предпочтительно CHA, ERI или AEI, SSZ-цеолита, ферриерита (FER), морденита (MOR), оффретита (OFF), клиноптилолита (HEU), силикалита, алюмофосфатного молекулярного сита, мезопористого цеолита, или смесей любых двух или более из них.
14. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой металл платиновой группы представляет собой платину, палладий, или их смеси.
15. Система по п.14, в которой металл платиновой группы содержит смесь платины и палладия в массовом соотношении Pt:Pd в диапазоне от 2:1 до 7:1, предпочтительно от 3:1 до 6:1.
16. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой металл платиновой группы содержит 0,05 масс.% или менее Rh.
17. Система по п.16, в которой металл платиновой группы по существу свободен от Rh.
18. Система по п.16 или 17, в которой первый носитель содержит щелочноземельный металл при нанесении в диапазоне от 90 до 150 г/фут3 (3,15-5,25 г/дм3).
19. Система по любому из пп. 16-18, в которой зона удерживания и восстановления NOx нанесена в виде единственного слоя.
20. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой общее содержание металла платиновой группы в зоне удерживания и восстановления NOx составляет в диапазоне от 5 до 100 г·фут-3 (0,175-3,5 г/дм3).
21. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой зона удерживания и восстановления NOx находится выше по потоку относительно селективной каталитической зоны.
22. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой содержание покрытия из пористого оксида в зоне удерживания и восстановления NOx составляет в диапазоне от 0,5 до 3,0 г·дюйм-3 (30,5-183,1 г/дм3).
23. Система по любому предшествующему пункту, в которой содержание покрытия из пористого оксида в селективной каталитической зоне составляет в диапазоне от 0,5 до 3,0 г·дюйм-3 (30,5-183,1 г/дм3).
24. Каталитическая монолитная подложка с проточными стенками, имеющая пористость с предварительно нанесенным покрытием 50% или больше, причем подложка включает зону удерживания и восстановления NOx, причем зона удерживания и восстановления NOx содержит металл платиновой группы, нанесенный на один или более первых носителей, причем первый носитель или каждый из первых носителей содержит соединение щелочноземельного металла, и зону селективного каталитического восстановления, причем зона селективного каталитического восстановления включает медь или железо, нанесенные на второй носитель, причем второй носитель включает цеолит.
25. Подложка с проточными стенками по п.24, в которой первый носитель или каждый из первых носителей включает соединение церия.
26. Способ получения каталитической монолитной подложки, способ включает
а. обеспечение монолитной подложки с проточными стенками, имеющей пористость с предварительно нанесенным покрытием 50% или более,
b. приготовление композиции покрытия из пористого оксида для зоны удерживания и восстановления NOx, включающей источник металла платиновой группы и соединение щелочноземельного металла,
с. нанесение покрытия из пористого оксида для зоны удерживания и восстановления NOx на первый участок монолитной подложки,
d. приготовление композиции покрытия из пористого оксида для зоны селективного каталитического восстановления, включающей молекулярное сито и источник меди или источник железа, и
е. нанесение покрытия из пористого оксида для зоны селективного каталитического восстановления на второй участок монолитной подложки.
27. Способ по п.26, в котором композиция покрытия из пористого оксида на этапе b включает соединение церия.
28. Способ обработки выхлопных газов из двигателя внутреннего сгорания, способ включает протекание выхлопного газа через выхлопную систему по любому из пп. 1-23, причем выхлопной газ содержит обедненный выхлопной газ, который периодически становится обогащенным.
29. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, оснащенный выхлопной системой по любому из пп. 1-23.
30. Транспортное средство, включающее двигатель с воспламенением от сжатия и выхлопную систему по п.29.
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BR112022011365A2 (pt) * 2019-12-13 2022-08-23 Basf Corp Sistema de tratamento de emissão de redução de nox em uma corrente de exaustão de um motor de queima pobre e método para reduzir nox em uma corrente de exaustão de um motor de queima pobre
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EP3408509A1 (en) 2018-12-05
JP2019510152A (ja) 2019-04-11
GB2546745A (en) 2017-08-02
DE102017101486A1 (de) 2017-07-27
EP3408509B1 (en) 2019-11-27
KR20180104107A (ko) 2018-09-19
GB201601430D0 (en) 2016-03-09
BR112018015162A2 (pt) 2018-12-18

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