NO782968L - PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR BIAXIAL STRETCHING OF A STRETCH OF PLASTIC MATERIAL - Google Patents

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR BIAXIAL STRETCHING OF A STRETCH OF PLASTIC MATERIAL

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Publication number
NO782968L
NO782968L NO782968A NO782968A NO782968L NO 782968 L NO782968 L NO 782968L NO 782968 A NO782968 A NO 782968A NO 782968 A NO782968 A NO 782968A NO 782968 L NO782968 L NO 782968L
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
mandrel
stated
lubricant
workpiece
stretching
Prior art date
Application number
NO782968A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
Petzetakis
Original Assignee
Petzetakis George A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19732311732 external-priority patent/DE2311732B2/en
Publication of NO782968L publication Critical patent/NO782968L/en
Application filed by Petzetakis George A filed Critical Petzetakis George A

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/22—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes
    • B29C55/26—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes biaxial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/151—Coating hollow articles
    • B29C48/152—Coating hollow articles the inner surfaces thereof
    • B29C48/153—Coating both inner and outer surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/901—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies
    • B29C48/902—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies internally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/908—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article characterised by calibrator surface, e.g. structure or holes for lubrication, cooling or venting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/918—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling characterized by differential heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/94—Lubricating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/005—Oriented
    • B29K2995/0051—Oriented mono-axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/005—Oriented
    • B29K2995/0053—Oriented bi-axially

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Description

Avdelt fra patentansøkning nr. 4348/73.Divided from patent application no. 4348/73.

Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte for biaksial strekkingThe present invention relates to a method for biaxial stretching

av et rør av strekkbart plastmaterial, hvorved et emne i kvasiflytende tilstand (dvs. som en streng med i det minste væskelignende egenskaper) of a tube of stretchable plastic material, whereby a blank in a quasi-liquid state (ie as a string with at least liquid-like properties)

i høyviskas tilstand trykkes ut av et ekstruderingshode og oppvarmes til strekningstemperatur, trekkes over en strekkedor med et konisk utvidet parti og et sylindrisk endeparti slik at emnet avkjøles og størkner, hvorved det i det kvasiflytende området tilføres et hydraulisk glidemiddel praktisk talt uten overtrykk mellom emnet og doren, slik at det dannes et glidemiddelskikt i form av en slepestrøm mellom emnet og doren. Med kvasiflytende tilstand menes den væskelignende tilstand til det på forhånd rørformede plastmaterial som kommer ut av ekstruderingshodet, og emnet er ikke i stand til å oppta indre og ytre trykkrefter. in the highly viscous state is pressed out of an extrusion head and heated to drawing temperature, drawn over a drawing mandrel with a conically extended part and a cylindrical end part so that the blank cools and solidifies, whereby a hydraulic lubricant is supplied in the quasi-liquid area with practically no overpressure between the blank and the mandrel, so that a lubricant layer is formed in the form of a drag flow between the workpiece and the mandrel. By quasi-liquid state is meant the liquid-like state of the previously tubular plastic material that comes out of the extrusion head, and the blank is not able to absorb internal and external pressure forces.

En kjent fremgangsmåte av den ovenfor beskrevne type (se US-PS 3. 160.918) angår i det vesentlige biaksial strekking av plastmaterial som kommer ut av ekstruderingshodet. Derved blir det rørformede plastmaterial på grunn av det konisk utvidede parti strukket til en slangefolie og i tilslutning til det sylinderiske endeparti der avkjølingen finner sted, i størknet tilstand skåret opp i innbyrdes diogonalt beliggende partier. Derved dannes to foliebaner. Det hydrauliske glidemiddel tjener utelukkende til å hindre at plastmaterialet kleber seg til det konisk utvidede parti slik at det oppstår høy friksjon. Den således kjente fremgangsmåte muliggjør fremstilling av tynnveggede slanger eller slangefolier med forholdsvis store diametere med tilstrekkelig nøyaktighet. Imidlertid er fremgangsmåten ikke tilfredstillende for fremstilling av tykkveggede rør når disse skal fremstilles ved biaksial strekking av vanlige strekkbare plastmaterialer under oppnåelse av høy dimensjonsnøyaktighet. Med strekking menes varig forlengelse med orientering av molekylene. A known method of the type described above (see US-PS 3.160.918) essentially concerns biaxial stretching of plastic material coming out of the extrusion head. Thereby, the tubular plastic material due to the conically expanded part is stretched into a hose foil and, in connection with the cylindrical end part where the cooling takes place, in the solidified state is cut into mutually diagonally situated parts. Thereby, two foil webs are formed. The hydraulic lubricant serves exclusively to prevent the plastic material from sticking to the conically expanded part so that high friction occurs. The thus known method enables the production of thin-walled hoses or hose foils with relatively large diameters with sufficient accuracy. However, the method is not satisfactory for the production of thick-walled pipes when these are to be produced by biaxial stretching of ordinary stretchable plastic materials while achieving high dimensional accuracy. By stretching is meant permanent elongation with orientation of the molecules.

Formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å komme frem til en fremgangsmåte der det ved fremstilling av tykkveggede rør oppnås en definert biaksial strekking<p>g en høy dimensjonsnøyaktighet for det fremstilte rør. Videre er det et formål med oppfinnelsen å korrræ The purpose of the present invention is to arrive at a method in which, when manufacturing thick-walled pipes, a defined biaxial stretching is achieved and a high dimensional accuracy for the manufactured pipe. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to correct

frem til en anordning for gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten.up to a device for carrying out the method.

Oppvarmes emnet før strekkingen til strekkingstemperatur, og for dannelse av en kile av en slepestrøm av glidemiddel under strekkingen, dvs. ved trekking over den konisk utvidede dor og avkjøling fra utsiden, utsettes for radiale krefter. De radiale krefter oppnås ved ekspansjonen og ved krympespenninger som følge av avkjølingen. Samtidig dannes det på grunn av avkjølingen en støtteskål som bevirker en nøyaktig kalibrering og dermed den tilsiktede dimensjonsnøyaktighet. Oppfinnelsen bygger først og fremst på erkjennelsen av at en definert strekking betinger en bestemt temperaturfordeling i rørveggen som skal strekkes. I henhold til en foretrukket utførelsesform sørges det for homogen temperatur i rørveggen som skal strekkes, hvilket oppnås på:en enkel måte, f.eks. The workpiece is heated before stretching to the stretching temperature, and for the formation of a wedge by a trailing flow of lubricant during stretching, i.e. by pulling over the conically expanded mandrel and cooling from the outside, it is subjected to radial forces. The radial forces are obtained by the expansion and by shrinkage stresses as a result of the cooling. At the same time, due to the cooling, a support bowl is formed which causes a precise calibration and thus the intended dimensional accuracy. The invention is primarily based on the recognition that a defined stretch requires a specific temperature distribution in the pipe wall to be stretched. According to a preferred embodiment, homogeneous temperature is ensured in the pipe wall to be stretched, which is achieved in a simple way, e.g.

ved at røret i området ved et påløpsparti anbragt foran det utvidede parti oppvarmes innenfra og utenfra til strekningstemperaturen. Den indre oppvarming skjer ved at et varmevekslingsmedium med passende temperatur føres gjennom påløpspartiet av doren. Den ytre oppvarming skjer ved at røret føres gjennom et egnet bad, der beholderen for badet kan være inndelt i flere kamre, hvilke kan være innrettet til å ha forskjellige temperaturer. Dersom det hydrauliske glidemiddel tilføres allerede i det parti der emnet har kvasiflytende tilstand, vil slepestrømmen av glidemiddel mellom påløpssylinderen og innerveggen av røret forbedre varmeovergangen. Samtidig oppnås at alle volumelementer av røret beveger seg med samme hastighet (uten indre materialforskyvning), hvilket sikrer en definert temperaturfordeling og opprettholdelse av temperaturen i røret som skal strekkes. Røret, som således har en definert temperaturfordeling, og i henhold til en utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen en homogen temperaturfordeling, kan utsettes for en strekking på den utvidede dor praktisk talt uten glidende friksjon mellom rørets innervegg og doren, fordi den relative bevegelse finner sted på en slepestrøm av glidemiddel, som under påvirkning av de radiale krefter formes til en kile av glidemiddel. Overraskende nok føres denne kile av glidemiddel med av røret når det sørges for at ekspansjonen og derved avkjølingen ikke skjer for plutselig. Forøvrig kan røret i området ved endedelen avkjøles kraftig, hvorved kilen av glidemiddel reduseres in that the pipe in the area of a run-on section placed in front of the extended section is heated from the inside and outside to the stretching temperature. The internal heating takes place by passing a heat exchange medium with a suitable temperature through the run-on part of the mandrel. The external heating takes place by passing the pipe through a suitable bath, where the container for the bath can be divided into several chambers, which can be arranged to have different temperatures. If the hydraulic lubricant is supplied already in the part where the workpiece is in a quasi-liquid state, the drag flow of lubricant between the run-on cylinder and the inner wall of the pipe will improve the heat transfer. At the same time, it is achieved that all volume elements of the pipe move at the same speed (without internal material displacement), which ensures a defined temperature distribution and maintenance of the temperature in the pipe to be stretched. The tube, which thus has a defined temperature distribution, and according to one embodiment of the invention a homogeneous temperature distribution, can be subjected to a stretch on the extended mandrel practically without sliding friction between the inner wall of the tube and the mandrel, because the relative movement takes place on a drag flow of lubricant, which under the influence of the radial forces is formed into a wedge of lubricant. Surprisingly, this wedge of lubricant is carried along by the tube when it is ensured that the expansion and thereby the cooling does not happen too suddenly. Incidentally, the tube in the area of the end part can be cooled considerably, whereby the wedge of lubricant is reduced

sterkt i tykkelse og dimensjonsnøyaktigheten øker jevnt. Denne avkjøling bevirker en sterk krympning av røret. Krympningen virker her på lignende måte som en pakkboks,og forhindrer at det strukkede rør fører glidemiddel med seg videre i noen grad av betydning. strongly in thickness and the dimensional accuracy increases steadily. This cooling causes a strong shrinkage of the tube. The shrinking works here in a similar way to a stuffing box, and prevents the stretched tube from carrying lubricant along with it to any significant degree.

Oppfinnelsen. skal i det ...følgende beskrives nærmere utføres en anordning for gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten. Fig. 1 viser et lengdesnitt gjennom en anordning i henhold til oppfinnelsen, for gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Fig. 2 viser partiet A i anordningen vist i fig. 1 i forstørret målestokk. The invention. shall in the following be described in more detail a device for carrying out the method. Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention, for carrying out the method according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows part A of the device shown in fig. 1 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 3 viser partiet B av anordningen i fig. 1 i forstørret målestokk.Fig. 3 shows part B of the device in fig. 1 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 4 er en grafisk fremstilling som viser trykkfordelingen i glidemiddelskiktet. Fig. 5 viser skjematisk overflateforholdene ved innerflaten av emnet under strekkingen. Fig. 4 is a graphical representation showing the pressure distribution in the lubricant layer. Fig. 5 schematically shows the surface conditions at the inner surface of the workpiece during stretching.

Anordningen omfatter en ikke vist ekstruderingspresse, et ekstruderingsverk-tøy 1 med en dor 2 for ekstrudering av det rørformede emne 3, en kalibrerings-dor 4 i tilslutning til doren 2 samt en innretning for tilførsel av et glidemiddel mellom kalibreringsdoren 4 og emnet 3. Etter doren er anordnet en trekkeinnretning 6. Kalibreringsdoren 4 er montert umiddelbart bak doren 2, og mellom doren 2 og kalibreringsdoren 4 munner tilførselsboringer 7 for glidemiddel ut, beregnet for tilførsel av et hydraulisk glidemiddel praktisk talt uten overtrykk, mens kalibreringsdoren 4 i det minste over en del av sin lengde omgis av i det minste en varmeveksler 8 for kjøling og/eller oppvarming av emnene 3. Tilførselsboringene 7 for glidemiddelet munner ut i et ringformet rom 9 som er anordnet mellom doren 2 og kalibreringsdoren 4 og er åpent mot emnet 3. Dette ringformede rom 9 oppviser en skråflate som går over i spalten mellom emnet 3 og kalibreringsdoren 4. Boringene 7 for glidemiddel står via boringer i doren 2 i forbindelse med en glidemiddelbeholder som bare påvirkes av atmosfæretrykket eller til og med er avlastet for dette. The device comprises an extrusion press (not shown), an extrusion tool 1 with a mandrel 2 for extruding the tubular blank 3, a calibration mandrel 4 connected to the mandrel 2 and a device for supplying a lubricant between the calibration mandrel 4 and the blank 3. After the mandrel is provided with a pulling device 6. The calibration mandrel 4 is mounted immediately behind the mandrel 2, and between the mandrel 2 and the calibration mandrel 4 supply bores 7 for lubricant open out, intended for the supply of a hydraulic lubricant practically without excess pressure, while the calibration mandrel 4 at least over a part of its length is surrounded by at least one heat exchanger 8 for cooling and/or heating the blanks 3. The supply bores 7 for the lubricant open into an annular space 9 which is arranged between the mandrel 2 and the calibration mandrel 4 and is open to the blank 3. This ring-shaped spaces 9 have an inclined surface that passes into the gap between the workpiece 3 and the calibration mandrel 4. The bores 7 for lubricant are via the drill ger in the mandrel 2 in connection with a lubricant container which is only affected by the atmospheric pressure or is even relieved of this.

En eller flere varmevekslere 8, som omgir kalibreringsdoren 4, er iOne or more heat exchangers 8, which surround the calibration mandrel 4, are i

henhold til en foretrultket utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen utført som en væskebeholder som er inndelt i kammeret 13, hvilke kan innstilles til forskjellige temperaturer, for å oppnå det innledningsvis angitte resultat. according to a preferred embodiment of the invention carried out as a liquid container which is divided into the chamber 13, which can be set to different temperatures, in order to achieve the initially indicated result.

Ved gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen trekkesWhen carrying out the method according to the invention is drawn

emnet 3 over kalibreringsdoren 4. Glidemiddelskiktet 14, som er vist i fig. 2 og 3, bygges kilformet opp langs kalibreringsdoren 4. Dette er særlig vist i fig. 3. De nødvendige radialkrefter oppstår på grunn av krympningen av emnet 3, og denne forårsakes av kjølingen ved hjelp av varmeveksleren 8. Denne kjøling er særlig intens ved enden av kalibreringsdoren 4. Glidemiddelskiktet '14 bygger opp et trykk P (fig. 5) langs lengden av skiktet, slik at skiktet virker sem en pute. Innerveggen the blank 3 above the calibration mandrel 4. The lubricant layer 14, which is shown in fig. 2 and 3, is built up in a wedge shape along the calibration mandrel 4. This is particularly shown in fig. 3. The necessary radial forces arise due to the shrinkage of the workpiece 3, and this is caused by the cooling by means of the heat exchanger 8. This cooling is particularly intense at the end of the calibration mandrel 4. The lubricant layer '14 builds up a pressure P (fig. 5) along the length of the layer, so that the layer acts like a pillow. The inner wall

av emnet 3 kommer ikke på noe sted i berøring med metallet i kalibreringsdoren 4. Kalibreringsdoren 4 er ikke kjølt. of the workpiece 3 does not come into contact anywhere with the metal in the calibration mandrel 4. The calibration mandrel 4 is not cooled.

Emnet 3 blir deretter på et sylindrisk parti som utgjør et påløpsparti 4aThe workpiece 3 then rests on a cylindrical part which forms a run-on part 4a

av kalibreringsdoren 4 avkjølt til den materialavhengige strekningstemperatur. Til denne avkjøling tjener den første varmeveksler 8. Emnet trekkes deretter over et konisk utvidet parti 4b av kalibreringsdoren 4. På dette utvidede parti 4b og det etterfølgende/ også sylindriske endeparti 4c bygges glidemiddelskiktet 14 opp til kileform. Dette er særlig vist i fig. 3, 4 og 5. of the calibration mandrel 4 cooled to the material-dependent stretching temperature. The first heat exchanger 8 is used for this cooling. The workpiece is then pulled over a conically extended part 4b of the calibration mandrel 4. On this extended part 4b and the subsequent/also cylindrical end part 4c, the lubricant layer 14 is built up into a wedge shape. This is particularly shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5.

Fig. 5 viser også hvordan ruheten 15 av innerveggen til emnet 3 reduseres ved strekkingen på glidemiddelskiktet 14. De radialkrefter som ved denne utførelsesform medfører den kileformede oppbygning av glidemiddelskiktet 14 oppnås ved hjelp av det utvidede parti 4b og avkjølingen av emnet i Fig. 5 also shows how the roughness 15 of the inner wall of the workpiece 3 is reduced by the stretching of the lubricant layer 14. The radial forces which in this embodiment lead to the wedge-shaped structure of the lubricant layer 14 are achieved with the help of the extended part 4b and the cooling of the workpiece in

partiet 4c ved hj elp av den' annen varmeveksler 8. Også mellom påløps-the part 4c with the aid of the second heat exchanger 8. Also between

partiet 4a og det utvidede parti 4b kan tilføres hydraulisk glidemiddel. part 4a and the extended part 4b can be supplied with hydraulic lubricant.

Claims (8)

1. Fremgangsmåte for biaksial strekking av et rør av strekkbart plastmaterial, der et emne i kvasiflytende, høyviskøs tilstand trykkes ut av et ekstruderingshode og varmes opp til strekningstemperatur samt trekkes over en dor med et konisk utvidet parti og et sylindrisk endeparti samt avkjøles og størkner, idet det i området der emnet er kvasiflytende til-føres et hydraulisk glidemiddel under lavt trykk mellom emnet og doren, slik at det mellom emnet og doren dannes et glidemiddelskikt i form av en slepestrøm, karakterisert ved at emnet før strekkingen oppvarmes til strekningstemperatur og for dannelse av en kileformet slepestrøm av glidemidlet under strekkingen, dvs. ved trekking over den konisk utvidede dor og avkjølingen utenfra, utsettes for radiale krefter.1. Method for biaxial stretching of a tube of stretchable plastic material, where a blank in a quasi-liquid, highly viscous state is pressed out of an extrusion head and is heated to stretching temperature and drawn over a mandrel with a conically extended part and a cylindrical end part and cooled and solidified, in the area where the workpiece is quasi-liquid, a hydraulic lubricant is added under low pressure between the workpiece and the mandrel, so that between the blank and the mandrel, a lubricant layer is formed in the shape of a tow current, characterized in that the workpiece is heated before stretching to stretching temperature and for the formation of a wedge-shaped drag flow of the lubricant during stretching, i.e. by pulling over the conically expanded mandrel and the cooling from the outside, is exposed to radial forces. 2. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at emnet i området ved et påløpsparti •' ' som ligger foran det utvidede parti oppvarmes innenfra' og utenfra.2. Procedure as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the workpiece in the area of a run-on part •' ' which lies in front of the extended part is heated from the inside' and from the outside. 3. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1 eller 2, karakterisert ved at emnet i området ved endepartiet avkjøles kraftig slik at kilen av medtrukket glidemiddel reduseres til meget liten tykkelse.3. Method as stated in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the workpiece in the area of the end portion is cooled strongly so that the wedge of entrained lubricant is reduced to a very small thickness. 4. Anordning for gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten som angitt i krav 1-3, omfattende en ekstruderingspresse med ekstruderingshode, en strekkedor med et konisk utvidet parti og et sylindrisk endeparti, karakterisert ved et sylindrisk påløpsparti (4a) anordnet mellom ekstruderingsverktøyet (1) og det utvidede parti (4b) hvilket påløpsparti (4a) omgis av et oppvarmingsbad i form av en varmeveksler (8), og ved et kjølebad (8) som omgir det sylindriske endeparti (4c).4. Device for carrying out the method as stated in claims 1-3, comprising an extrusion press with an extrusion head, a stretching mandrel with a conical extended part and a cylindrical end part, characterized by a cylindrical run-on part (4a) arranged between the extrusion tool (1) and the extended part (4b) which run-on part (4a) is surrounded by a heating bath in the form of a heat exchanger (8), and by a cooling bath (8) which surrounds the cylindrical end part (4c). 5. Anordning som angitt i krav 4, karakterisert ved ' at oppvarmingsbadet befinner seg i en beholder (8) med flere kamre (13), og at kamrene (13) kan innstilles på forskjellige temperaturer.5. Device as stated in claim 4, characterized in that the heating bath is located in a container (8) with several chambers (13), and that the chambers (13) can be set to different temperatures. 6. Anordning som angitt i krav 4 eller 5, karakterisert ved at kjølebadet befinner seg i en kjøle-beholder (8), eventuelt med flere kjølekamre (13).6. Device as stated in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the cooling bath is located in a cooling container (8), possibly with several cooling chambers (13). 7. Anordning som angitt i krav 4-6, karakterisert ved at det i området mellom påløpspartiet (4a) og det konisk utvidede parti (4b) er anordnet en første trekkeinnretning (6), og at en annen trekkeinnretning er anordnet bak kjølebadet (8).7. Device as stated in claims 4-6, characterized in that a first pulling device (6) is arranged in the area between the run-on part (4a) and the conically extended part (4b), and that another pulling device is arranged behind the cooling bath (8). 8. Anordning som angitt i krav 4-7, karakterisert ved at det konisk utvidede parti (4b) er utført langstrakt med så liten konisitet at slepestrømmen av glidemiddel ikke avbrytes i overgangsområdet mellom det sylindriske påløpsparti (4a) og det konisk utvidede parti (4b).8. Device as stated in claims 4-7, characterized in that the conically extended part (4b) is made elongated with such a small taper that the drag flow of lubricant is not interrupted in the transition area between the cylindrical run-on part (4a) and the conically extended part (4b).
NO782968A 1972-11-29 1978-08-31 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR BIAXIAL STRETCHING OF A STRETCH OF PLASTIC MATERIAL NO782968L (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR80372 1972-11-29
GR83772 1972-12-02
DE19732311732 DE2311732B2 (en) 1973-03-09 1973-03-09 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING A HOSE FROM THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC

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NO782968A NO782968L (en) 1972-11-29 1978-08-31 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR BIAXIAL STRETCHING OF A STRETCH OF PLASTIC MATERIAL

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JPS5738137A (en) * 1980-08-21 1982-03-02 Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Manufacture of composite member
CA1252265A (en) * 1984-03-30 1989-04-11 Ian M. Ward Tubular materials
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DE4003696C1 (en) * 1990-02-07 1990-12-13 Petzetakis, George Aristovoulos, Piraeus, Gr
GB9206766D0 (en) * 1992-03-27 1992-05-13 Bp Chem Int Ltd Pipes and their manufacture
AUPN547495A0 (en) * 1995-09-15 1995-10-12 Uponor B.V. Sizing apparatus
FR2806956B1 (en) 2000-03-29 2003-05-09 Alphacan Sa PROCESS AND LINE FOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF PLASTIC MATERIAL WITH BI-AXIAL DRAWING, AND TUBE OF PLASTIC MATERIAL OBTAINED
US7522480B2 (en) 2001-01-25 2009-04-21 Dphi Acquisitions, Inc. Digital tracking servo system with multi-track seek with an acceleration clamp
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WO2024105045A1 (en) 2022-11-16 2024-05-23 Wavin B.V. System for biaxial expansion of polymeric pipe
WO2024105044A1 (en) 2022-11-16 2024-05-23 Wavin B.V. System for biaxial expansion of polymeric pipe

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GB1456222A (en) 1976-11-24
ES420983A1 (en) 1976-04-01
IE38545B1 (en) 1978-04-12
BR7309354D0 (en) 1974-09-05
IL43634A (en) 1976-10-31
NO139727C (en) 1979-05-02
DD107631A5 (en) 1974-08-12
IT1001942B (en) 1976-04-30
AR203468A1 (en) 1975-09-15
CA1013111A (en) 1977-07-05
CH565027A5 (en) 1975-08-15
NO139727B (en) 1979-01-22
RO84845B (en) 1984-09-30
JPS5752901B2 (en) 1982-11-10
EG11019A (en) 1976-11-30
OA04613A (en) 1980-07-31
IE38545L (en) 1974-05-29
RO84845A (en) 1984-08-17
FR2207793B1 (en) 1978-03-10
FI56639B (en) 1979-11-30
PH12487A (en) 1979-03-23
JPS53102372A (en) 1978-09-06
LU68872A1 (en) 1974-03-25
NL7316378A (en) 1974-05-31
CS181257B2 (en) 1978-03-31

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