NO750256L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO750256L NO750256L NO750256A NO750256A NO750256L NO 750256 L NO750256 L NO 750256L NO 750256 A NO750256 A NO 750256A NO 750256 A NO750256 A NO 750256A NO 750256 L NO750256 L NO 750256L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- compounds
- premix
- nonionics
- water
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 aluminum silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000005701 Calcium-Binding Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010045403 Calcium-Binding Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycoluril Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC2NC(=O)NC21 VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 5
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical class CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical class CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical class NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical class CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfoformic acid Chemical class OC(=O)S(O)(=O)=O DIORMHZUUKOISG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABCVJMDIVONUTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[hexadecyl(dimethyl)azaniumyl]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C(CC)S([O-])(=O)=O ABCVJMDIVONUTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKMIHKCGXQMFEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dimethyl(tetradecyl)azaniumyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KKMIHKCGXQMFEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMPRRFPMMJQXPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfobenzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O ZMPRRFPMMJQXPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical class OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Chemical class [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002979 fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004492 methyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004978 peroxycarbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003703 phosphorus containing inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012418 sodium perborate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-oxidodioxaborirane;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]B1OO1 IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013042 solid detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AGGIJOLULBJGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfoacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CS(O)(=O)=O AGGIJOLULBJGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003470 sulfuric acid monoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
- C11D11/0088—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads the liquefied ingredients being sprayed or adsorbed onto solid particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0034—Fixed on a solid conventional detergent ingredient
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites
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Description
jj
Ved fremstillingen av pulverformede vaske- og rensemidler anvender man ved siden av de anibniske tensider eller i deres sted ofte også ikke-ioniske tensider (= Nonionics). Etter en teknisk In the production of powdered detergents and cleaning agents, non-ionic surfactants (= Nonionics) are often used alongside the anionic surfactants or in their place. After a technical
foretrukket fremstillingsmetode overføres derved den vandige blanding av bestanddelene og midlet ved varmtørkning, spesielt ved varmfor-støvning i et risledyktig pulver. Da nonionics er vanndampflyktige går en del herav tapt ved varmtørkningen, hvilket er uønsket av økonomiske og økologiske grunner. Vil man, for å unngå disse tap, innarbeide nonionics ved påsprøytning på pulverformede bærestoffer som selv danner vanlige bestanddeler av faste vaske- og rensemidler, som f.eks. på natriumtrifosfat, natriumperborat eller natriumsulfat, over en forblanding i preparatene, da får man imidlertid forblandinger med utilfredsstillende pulverkvaliteter, når nonionics-delen i forblandingen overskrider 10 vekt?, således at det på denne måte ved en forblandingsdel på ca. 50 vekt? i vaskemidlet.i alle lar seg inn-bringe .5! vekt? nonionics i sluttproduktet. preferred manufacturing method, the aqueous mixture of the components and the agent is thereby transferred by heat drying, especially by hot atomization into a free-flowing powder. As nonionics are volatile to water vapour, part of this is lost during heat drying, which is undesirable for economic and ecological reasons. In order to avoid these losses, do you want to incorporate nonionics by spraying onto powdered carriers which themselves form common components of solid detergents and cleaning agents, such as e.g. on sodium triphosphate, sodium perborate or sodium sulfate, over a premix in the preparations, then however you get premixes with unsatisfactory powder qualities, when the nonionics part in the premix exceeds 10% by weight, so that in this way, with a premix part of approx. 50 weight? in the detergent. everyone can bring in .5! weight? nonionics in the final product.
Det er riktignok kjent å forbedre pulverkvaliteten av slike'forblandinger ved tilsetning av ytterligere bærestoffer med Admittedly, it is known to improve the powder quality of such 'premixes' by adding further carriers with
stor aktiv overflate, som f.eks. høydispers kiselsyre, imidlertid kommer på denne måte<y>askevirksomme ballaststoffer. inn i vaskemidlet. Dessuten bør, likeledes av økologiske grunner, .sees bort fra anvendelsen av natriumtrif os f a.t som fast bærer. large active surface, such as highly dispersed silicic acid, however, comes this way<y>ash-active aggregates. into the detergent. Moreover, also for ecological reasons, the use of sodium triphosphate as a solid carrier should be disregarded.
Det besto derfor den. oppgave å utvikle et fosfatfritt eller fosfatfattig, risledyktig vaskemiddel som inneholder ikke-ioniske tensider og som ikke har de omtalte ulemper og hvis fremstilling det unngås et tap av nonionics. It therefore passed. task to develop a phosphate-free or phosphate-poor, runny detergent which contains non-ionic surfactants and which does not have the mentioned disadvantages and whose production avoids a loss of nonionics.
Risledyktig vaske- og rensemiddel ifølge oppfinnelsen består til 30 - 100 vekt? av en forblanding, som er sammensatt av: A) Vannuoppløselige, syntetisk fremstilte forbindelser som har en kalsiumbindeevne på minst 50 mg CaO/g vannfritt aktivt stoff' (= AS), og inneholder eventuelt bundet vann og har den generelle . formel Ripple-able washing and cleaning agent according to the invention consists of 30 - 100 weight? of a premix, which is composed of: A) Water-soluble, synthetically produced compounds that have a calcium binding capacity of at least 50 mg CaO/g anhydrous active substance' (= AS), and possibly contain bound water and have the general . formula
hvori Kat betyr en med kalsium utvekslbår kation av verdighet n, x betyr et tall på 0,7 - l>5aMe betyr bor eller aluminium og y et tall på 0,8 -<!>6, fortrinnsvis 1,3 - 4, idet disse forbindelser.eventuelt delvis kan være erstattet ved høydispers kiselsyre i mengder på maksimalt 4 vekt?, referert til den samlede forblanding; • B) eventuelt en blekekomponent av uorganiske perforbindelser, som i vann gir t^C^og/eller aktivatorer for perforbindelsene; C) på forbindelsene ifølge A) eller på blandingen av bestanddelene A) og B) finfordelt nonionics; og til in which Kat means a calcium-exchangeable cation of value n, x means a number of 0.7 - l>5aMe means boron or aluminum and y a number of 0.8 -<!>6, preferably 1.3 - 4, being these compounds can possibly be partially replaced by highly dispersed silicic acid in amounts of a maximum of 4% by weight, referred to the overall premix; • B) optionally a bleaching component of inorganic per-compounds, which in water gives t^C^ and/or activators for the per-compounds; C) on the compounds according to A) or on the mixture of components A) and B) finely divided nonionics; and to
0-70 vekt? av en ved varmtørkning dannet pulverkomponent med vanlige varmeufølsomme bestanddeler av vaske- resp. rensemidler. 0-70 weight? of a powder component formed by heat drying with usual heat-insensitive components of washing or cleaning agents.
Følgelig er også forblandingene å anse som vaske- og Consequently, the premixes are also to be considered washing and
rensemidler innen oppfinnelsens ramme.cleaning agents within the scope of the invention.
Mengdeforholdet mellom kationutvekslende forbindelser A) og nonionics C) i ovenfor definerte forblanding kan, alt etter om The quantity ratio between cation exchange compounds A) and nonionics C) in the premix defined above can, depending on whether
også dessuten bærestoffene av komponent B) er tilstede, bli i området fra 10 .: 1 til 1 : 3, idet de kationutvekslende forbindelser ifølge A) og nonionics C) hver gang minst utgjør 10 vekt? av forblandingen. also, moreover, the carriers of component B) are present, be in the range from 10 .: 1 to 1 : 3, the cation-exchange compounds according to A) and nonionics C) each time at least amounting to 10 weight? of the premix.
De ovenfor under A) definerte syntetisk fremstilte kationutvekslende forbindelser betegnes videre av enkelthetsgrunn som "aluminiumsilikater" . Deres kalsiumbindeevne- kån-'oppnå verdier på 200 mg CaO/g AS og ligger fortrinnsvis i området på 100 - 200 mg CaO/g AS. The synthetically produced cation exchange compounds defined above under A) are further referred to for simplicity as "aluminium silicates". Their calcium binding capacity can reach values of 200 mg CaO/g AS and is preferably in the range of 100 - 200 mg CaO/g AS.
Som kation kommer det fortrinnsvis på tale natrium; The cation is preferably sodium;
det kan' imidlertid også være erstattet med hydrogen, litium, kalium, ammonium eller magnesium samt kationene av vannoppløselige organiske baser,, f.eks. ved slike av primære, sekundære eller tertiære aminer resp. alkylolaminer med maksimalt 2 C-atomer pr. alkylrest resp. maksimalt 3 C-atomer pr. alkylolrest. however, it can also be replaced with hydrogen, lithium, potassium, ammonium or magnesium as well as the cations of water-soluble organic bases, e.g. by such of primary, secondary or tertiary amines resp. alkylolamines with a maximum of 2 C atoms per alkyl residue or maximum 3 C atoms per alkylol residue.
Spesielt fordelaktig anvender man aluminiumsilikater, som til minst 80 vekt? består av partikler av en størrelse fra 10 til Aluminum silicates are particularly advantageously used, which at least 80 wt. consists of particles of a size from 10 to
0,01^u, fortrinnsvis fra 8 til 0,l^u. Fortrinnsvis inneholder disse aluminiumsilikater ingen primær-' resp. sekundærpairtikler over 40^,u. 0.01^u, preferably from 8 to 0.1^u. Preferably, these aluminum silicates contain no primary-' resp. secondary particles over 40^,u.
Nonionics er tilleiringsprodukter av fortrinnsvis 8-20 mol etylenoksyd til 1 mol i molekylet 10 - 20 karbonatomholdige fettalkoholer, alkylfenoler,- fettsyrer eller, fettaminer . " Spesielt viktig er de rent alifatiske etoksyleringsprodukter som f.eks. avledet fra kokus- og ta.lgalkoholer, fra oleylalkohol eller av oksoalkoholer eller sekundære alkoholer med fortrinnsvis 12 - 18 karbonatomer. Nonionics are addition products of preferably 8-20 mol of ethylene oxide to 1 mol of fatty alcohols containing 10-20 carbon atoms, alkylphenols, fatty acids or fatty amines. Particularly important are the purely aliphatic ethoxylation products, such as those derived from cocus and tallow alcohols, from oleyl alcohol or from oxo alcohols or secondary alcohols with preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
Ved siden av disse praktisk talt vannoppløselige nonionics er det imidlertid også av interesse de ikke resp. de ikke helt vannoppløse-lige etoksyleringsprodukter med 2-6 etylenglykoleterrester i molekylet på grunn av deres fettoppløsende og forgråningsinhiberende egenskaper, når de anvendes sammen med de vannoppløselige■nonionics og/eller andre tensider, idet det da oppnås en god rensevirkning, spesielt overfor hydrofobt smuss, når i- de ferdige vaskemiddelformu-leringer mengdeforholdet mellom .lavetoksylert nonionics til høyere etoksylert nonionics ligger i området fra 1 : 3 til.2 : 1, spesielt 1 : 2 til 1:1. Alongside these practically water-soluble nonionics, however, it is also of interest that they do not resp. the not completely water-soluble ethoxylation products with 2-6 ethylene glycol residues in the molecule due to their fat-dissolving and graying-inhibiting properties, when used together with the water-soluble nonionics and/or other surfactants, as a good cleaning effect is then achieved, especially against hydrophobic dirt , when in the finished detergent formulations the quantity ratio between low ethoxylated nonionics and higher ethoxylated nonionics is in the range from 1:3 to 2:1, especially 1:2 to 1:1.
Spesielt foretrukket på grunn av deres gode rensevirkning forbundet med god biologisk avbyggbarhet anvendes etoksylerings-produktene av de primære, rettlinjede C12~C2_8~alkanoler resP • -alkenoler ;med en midlere etoksyleringsgrad på 3 - 5 resp., 10 - 15 i det angitte mengdeforhold. Particularly preferred, due to their good cleaning effect associated with good biological degradability, are the ethoxylation products of the primary, straight-line C12~C2_8~alkanols resP • -alkenols; with an average degree of ethoxylation of 3 - 5 or 10 - 15 respectively in the indicated quantity ratio .
Som nonionics lar det seg også anvende tilleiringsprodukter av etylenoksyd til ende- eller inneplasserte yicinale C]_o~<C>20~ alkandioler, idet man fortrinnsvis velger kombinasjoner med 2 - 4 resp. 8 - 14 etylenglykoleterrester i molekylet. As nonionics, it is also possible to use addition products of ethylene oxide to terminal or internally placed yicinal C]_o~<C>20~ alkanediols, preferably choosing combinations with 2 - 4 resp. 8 - 14 ethylene glycol residues in the molecule.
Ytterligere anvendbare nonionics er slike av typen syre--amider, isom man får ved omsetning av fettsyrer, fettsyreestere, fett-, syrehalogenider eller alkansulfonsyrehalogenider med mono- eller dietanolamin resp. ytterligere etoksylering av disse omsetningspro- ' duktene. Further applicable nonionics are those of the acid amide type, such as are obtained by reacting fatty acids, fatty acid esters, fatty acid halides or alkanesulfonic acid halides with mono- or diethanolamine or further ethoxylation of these turnover products.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører følgelig i det vesentlige anvendelse av de findelte kationutvekslende aluminiumsilikater ifølge A som fast bærer med god adsorpsjonsevne for nonionics. Derved blir det ikke bare mulig å tilveiebringe risledyktige vaske- og rense-, midler med høyt nonionics-innhold, men også på grunn av aluminium-silikatets fremragende kationutveksleregenskaper sterkt å se bort fra medanvendelsen av de vanlige vannoppløselige uorganiske eller The invention therefore essentially relates to the use of the finely divided cation-exchanged aluminum silicates according to A as a solid carrier with good adsorption capacity for nonionics. Thereby, it is not only possible to provide water-soluble washing and cleaning agents with a high nonionics content, but also, due to the aluminum silicate's excellent cation exchange properties, to strongly disregard the co-use of the usual water-soluble inorganic or
organiske kompleksdannere for•kalsiumioner. Anvendelsen av fosforholdige kalsiumkompleksdannere, fremfor alt natrium.trifosfat kan det også helt sees bort fra i forblandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen og dermed konfeksjonerte vaske- og rensemidler. organic complexing agents for•calcium ions. The use of phosphorus-containing calcium complex formers, above all sodium triphosphate, can also be completely disregarded in the premix according to the invention and thus prepared washing and cleaning agents.
De til konfeksjonering av blekevirksomme vaskemidler egnede forblandinger inneholder som ekstra faste bærere blekekomponent B), som består av en uorganisk i vann E^C^leverende perforbind-.else, spesielt av perborat og/eller en fast aktivator for perforbindelsen og som kan utgjøre 15-80 vekt? av forblandingen. Følgelig kan komponent B) i tillegg til perforbindelsene inneholde en fast akti-■vator for perforbindelsene ; den kan imidlertid også utelukkende bestå av aktivatoren for perforbindelsene. I sistnevnte tilfelle anvendes til konfeksjonering av de blekevirksomme preparater tre delblandinger, nemlig den aktivatorholdige -forblanding, et varmtørkepulver og de pulverformede perforbindelser. I forblandingene for blekeuvirksomme preparater, som f.eks. for mange for-, fin- eller hovedvaskemidler mangler selvsagt komponent B). The premixes suitable for the manufacture of bleaching detergents contain as extra solid carriers bleaching component B), which consists of an inorganic perforating compound in water E^C^, especially of perborate and/or a solid activator for the percompound and which can amount to 15 -80 weight? of the premix. Consequently, component B) can, in addition to the per compounds, contain a fixed activator for the per compounds; however, it can also consist exclusively of the activator for the per compounds. In the latter case, three sub-mixtures are used for the preparation of the whitening preparations, namely the activator-containing pre-mix, a heat-drying powder and the powdered per-compounds. In the premixes for bleach-inactive preparations, such as e.g. too many pre-, fine- or main detergents obviously lack component B).
Forblandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen kan dessuten også inneholde andre vanlige pulverformede bestanddeler av vaske- og rensemidler . Hertil Mører som mulig bestanddel komponent A) en høydispers kiselsyre , med en spesifikk BET-over f late på minst 250 m p/g, som riktignok på grunn av sin ballaststoffkarakter i forblandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen bare bør være inneholdt inntil 4 vekt?. Forblandingene som inneholder en blekekomponent kan også i tillegg inneholde en stabilisator, fortrinnsvis magnesiumsilikat, til understøttelse av blekevirkningen. I annen rekke kan forblandingene som vannoppløselig bærematerial inneholde natriumsulfat, de som vaskealkalier kjente alkalikarbonater, -bikarbonater, -silikater eller -borater og de videre nedenfor omtalte vannoppløselige bærestoffer resp., kompleksdannere. Også urinstoff er egnet som bærematerial. The premix according to the invention can also contain other common powdered components of washing and cleaning agents. In addition, Mører uses as a possible component component A) a highly dispersed silicic acid, with a specific BET surface of at least 250 m p/g, which admittedly due to its bulking nature in the premix according to the invention should only be contained up to 4 wt?. The premixes which contain a bleaching component can also additionally contain a stabilizer, preferably magnesium silicate, to support the bleaching effect. In other respects, the premixes as water-soluble carrier material may contain sodium sulfate, the alkali carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates or borates known as washing alkalis and the water-soluble carriers or complex formers discussed further below. Urea is also suitable as a carrier material.
Til forblandingene kan det dessuten også i mindre mengder settes stoffer, som f.eks. enzymer, antimikrobika eller luktstoffer, som på grunn av deres ustabilitet overfor vann og/eller varme eller på grunn av deres flyktighet ikke underkastes varmtørkningen. Substances, such as e.g. enzymes, antimicrobials or odorants, which, due to their instability to water and/or heat or due to their volatility, are not subjected to heat drying.
Sammensetning av en perforb.indelsesholdig forblanding ligger vanligvis innen følgende reseptur: The composition of a perforable premix is usually within the following recipe:
10 - 60 vekt? av aluminiumsilikat ifølge A),10 - 60 weight? of aluminum silicate according to A),
20 - 80 vekt? i vann HgO leverende uorganiske • per f orbindelser, spesielt perborat, 20 - 80 weight? in water HgO supplying inorganic • per f compounds, especially perborate,
10 - 30 vekt? nonionics,10 - 30 weight? nonionics,
0-4 vekt? høydispers kiselsyre,0-4 weight? highly dispersed silicic acid,
0-30 vekt? av en.pulverformet aktivator og/eller stabilisator for perforbindelsene. 0-30 weight? of a powdered activator and/or stabilizer for the per compounds.
For forblandinger uten perforbindelser fremkommer følgende sammensetning: For premixes without per-compounds, the following composition appears:
60 - 90.vekt? av aluminiums!likatet ifølge A),60 - 90. weight? of the aluminum alloy according to A),
•10 - 40 vekt? nonionics,•10 - 40 weight? nonionics,
0 - '4 vekt? høydispers kiselsyre,0 - '4 weight? highly dispersed silicic acid,
t0 - 30 vekt? av en pulverformet aktivator for perforbindelsene. t0 - 30 weight? of a powdered activator for the percompounds.
Fremstilling av aluminiumsilikatene som'skal anvendes ifølge oppfinnelsen er kjent. Man får dem ved omsetning av natrium-, silikat og natriumaluminat. Også de ved temperaturer på f.eks. Production of the aluminum silicates to be used according to the invention is known. They are obtained by reacting sodium, silicate and sodium aluminate. Also those at temperatures of e.g.
50 - 200°C tørkede produkter inneholder dessuten vann, som omtrent 50 - 200°C dried products also contain water, which approx
kan fjernes fullstendig ved en times oppvarmning ved 800°C. De således bestemte vanninnhold anvendes Ved beregning av innhold av vannfritt aktivstoff (= AS). can be completely removed by heating for one hour at 800°C. The water content thus determined is used when calculating the content of anhydrous active substance (= AS).
Sammensetningen av aluminiumsilikater-med den foretrukne kalsiumbindeevne som ligger omtrent i området på 100 - 200 mg CaO/g AS ligger fremfor, alt innen sammensetningen: 0,7 - 1,1 Na20 ..A1203.1,3 - 3,3 Si02. The composition of aluminosilicates-with the preferred calcium binding capacity which lies approximately in the range of 100 - 200 mg CaO/g AS lies ahead, all within the composition: 0.7 - 1.1 Na20 ..A1203.1.3 - 3.3 Si02.
Denne summeformel omfatter to typer forskjellige krystallstrukturer (resp. deres røntgenamorfe forprodukter), som også ad-skiller seg ved deres summeformel. Det er "disse:. This sum formula comprises two types of different crystal structures (or their X-ray amorphous precursors), which also differ in their sum formula. It is “these:.
a) 0,7 - 1,1 Na20 . A12031,3 - 2,4 Si02a) 0.7 - 1.1 Na 2 O . A12031.3 - 2.4 SiO2
i in
b) 0,7 - 1,1 Na20 . A1203 .>2,4 - 3,3 Si02. b) 0.7 - 1.1 Na 2 O . A1203 .>2.4 - 3.3 SiO 2 .
De forskjellige krystallstrukturer viser seg i røntgen-bøyediagram. Ved røntgenamorfe produkter er krystallstrukturen for det meste kjennbar ennu'i elektronebøyediagram. The different crystal structures are shown in the X-ray diffraction diagram. In the case of X-ray amorphous products, the crystal structure is mostly still recognizable in the electron bending diagram.
En representant for typen a) er forbindelse I méd A representative of type a) is compound I méd
sammensetningcomposition
0,9 Na20 . 1 A1203. 2,64 Si02. 4,3 H~20 (I); 0.9 Na 2 O . 1 A1203. 2.64 SiO 2 . 4.3 H~2O (I);
en representant for type b) er forbindelse II med sammensetning 0,8 Na20 . 1 A1203. 2,65 Si02. 5,2 H2<0>(II). a representative of type b) is compound II with composition 0.8 Na2O. 1 A1203. 2.65 SiO 2 . 5.2 H2<0>(II).
Vanninnholdet av forbindelsene I og II bestemmes etter 24 timers tørkning ved 100°C . Aluminiumsilikatene I og II viser i røntgenbøyediagram følgende interferenslinjer: The water content of compounds I and II is determined after 24 hours of drying at 100°C. The aluminum silicates I and II show the following interference lines in the X-ray diffraction diagram:
d-verdier, opptatt med Cu-K^-stråling i Å d values, taken with Cu-K^ radiation in Å
Det er mulig at i ikke alle disse interferenslinjer opptrer i røntgenbøyediagrammet ,■ spesielt når aluminiumsilikatet ikke er helt gjennomkrystallisert. Derfor ble de for karakterisering av disse typer viktigste d-verdierkarakterisertmed en "(+)". It is possible that not all of these interference lines appear in the X-ray diffraction diagram, especially when the aluminum silicate is not fully crystallized. Therefore, for the characterization of these types, the most important d-values were characterized with a "(+)".
De kationutvekslende aluminiumsilikater kan helt eller delvis erstatte de fosforholdige uorganiske eller organiske kalsiumkompleksdannere av vaske- og rensemidlene, spesielt natriumtripoly-fosfatet, således at ved anvendelsen av preparatene ifølge oppfinnelsen istedenfor de kjente preparater med for det meste høyt, natriumtrifos-forinnhold nedsettes fosforkonsentrasjonen betraktelig i avvann. The cation-exchange aluminum silicates can completely or partially replace the phosphorus-containing inorganic or organic calcium complex formers of the detergents and cleaning agents, especially the sodium tripolyphosphate, so that when the preparations according to the invention are used instead of the known preparations with a mostly high sodium triphosphate content, the phosphorus concentration is considerably reduced in waste water.
Som uorganiske perforbindelser, som i vann gir H202As inorganic compounds, which in water give H202
t har natriumperborat-tetrahydrat (NaB02. H202 . 3 H20) og -monohy-dratet (NaB02 . H202) spesiell betydning. Det er også anvendbart t sodium perborate tetrahydrate (NaB0 2 . H 2 O 2 . 3 H 2 O) and the -monohydrate (NaB0 2 . H 2 O 2 ) have special significance. It is also applicable
andre borater som gir H202j f.eks. perboraks Na2B^O^ . 4 H202. Disse forbindelser kan delvis eller fullstendig erstattes med andkre aktiv-oksygenbærere, spesielt peroksyhydrater som peroksykarbonater (Na2C03. 1,5 H202) eller perbksypyrofos fater. other borates that give H202j e.g. perborax Na2B^O^ . 4 H 2 O 2 . These compounds can be partially or completely replaced with other active oxygen carriers, especially peroxyhydrates such as peroxycarbonates (Na2C03. 1.5 H202) or peroxypyrophosfater.
Som stabilisator for perforbindeIsene egner det.seg det praktisk talt vannuopp løselige magnesiumsilikat som lar seg innarbeide såvel overfor blandingen' ifølge oppfinnelsen som også over The practically water-soluble magnesium silicate, which can be incorporated into the mixture according to the invention as well as over
det forstøvningstørkede pulver i vaskemidlene, idet det tilsettesthe spray-dried powder in the detergents, as it is added
i slike mengder at mengden i det ferdige vaskemiddelpreparat utgjør in such quantities that the quantity in the finished detergent preparation constitutes
1-4 Vekt?. For med perforbindelsesholdige vaskemidler allerede1-4 Weight?. For detergents already containing percompounds
ved temperaturer under 80°C, spesielt i området på 40 - 60°C å oppnå en tilfredsstillende blekevirkning kan det over forblandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen innarbeides aktivatorer for perforbindeIsen,. dvs. spesielt for perborater i preparatene. Foretrukkede aktivatorer er slike av typen.N-acylforbindelser, som har et smeltepunkt på minst 70°C, fortrinnsvis minst 100°C, f.eks. forbindelsene N,N,N',N<*->tetraacetylmetylendiamin resp. -etylendiamin, tetraacetylglykoluril'og tetrapropionylglykoluril. Spesielt foretrukket anvendes aktivatoren tetraacetylglykoluril, smeltepunkt 233 - 240°C, som også har gode egenskaper som fåst bærestoff og anvendes i .mengder på 0,1 - 1 mol pr. g-atom åktivoksygen av perforbindelsen, bevirker en god at temperatures below 80°C, especially in the range of 40 - 60°C to achieve a satisfactory bleaching effect, activators for perforbindeIsen can be incorporated over the premix according to the invention. i.e. especially for perborates in the preparations. Preferred activators are those of the type N-acyl compounds, which have a melting point of at least 70°C, preferably at least 100°C, e.g. the compounds N,N,N',N<*->tetraacetylmethylenediamine resp. -ethylenediamine, tetraacetyl glycoluril and tetrapropionyl glycoluril. The activator tetraacetyl glycoluril, melting point 233 - 240°C, is particularly preferably used, which also has good properties as an available carrier and is used in quantities of 0.1 - 1 mol per g-atom 8 oxygen of the percompound, causes a good
aktivering. I forblandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen kan en aktivator være inneholdt til fortrinnsvis 15 - 25.vekt?. activation. In the premix according to the invention, an activator can be contained to preferably 15 - 25% by weight.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører videre en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av ovenfor angitte forblanding, idet fremgangsmåten erkarakterisert vedat man på et beveget pulver av de ovenfor definerte forbindelser ifølge A) eller på en pulverblanding av bestanddelene A) og B) påfører de i flytende tilstand foreliggende nonionics og sammenblander det således blandede produkt, eventuelt, med et i risledyktig tilstand foreliggende ved varmtørkning dannet pulver bestående av .varmeufølsomme bestanddeler av vaske- og rensemidler. The invention further relates to a method for the production of the above-mentioned premix, the method being characterized by applying the nonionics present in a liquid state to a stirred powder of the above-defined compounds according to A) or to a powder mixture of the components A) and B) and mixing it together thus mixed product, optionally, with a powder formed by heat drying in a friable state consisting of heat-insensitive components of detergents and cleaning agents.
Fortrinnsvis påsprøytes de flytende eller ved oppvarmning flytendegjorte nonionics på pulverblandingen, hvilket, hvis mulig, foregår i et lukket kar. Det er imidlertid også anvendbart virvel-sjikt- resp . flytesjiktfremgangsmåten. The nonionics, liquid or liquefied by heating, are preferably sprayed onto the powder mixture, which, if possible, takes place in a closed vessel. However, it is also applicable vortex-layer resp. the fluidized bed method.
Foruten bestanddelene av forblandingen kan det i de ferdige vaske- og rensemidler være inneholdt følgende bestanddeler: anioniske og/eller ikke-ioniske tensider, tensidlignende eller ikke tensidaktige skumstabilisåtorer eller -inhibitorer, tekstilmyknings-midler, nøytral- eller alkalisk reagerende bærestoffer samt andre, In addition to the components of the premix, the finished detergents and cleaners may contain the following components: anionic and/or non-ionic surfactants, surfactant-like or non-surfactant-like foam stabilizers or inhibitors, fabric softeners, neutral or alkaline-reactive carriers and others,
for det meste i mindre mengder tilstedeværende hjelpe- og tilsetningsstoffer, som f.eks. korrosjonsinhibitorer, smussbærere, lysgjørere, farvestoffer osv. mostly in smaller amounts of auxiliary substances and additives present, such as e.g. corrosion inhibitors, dirt carriers, brighteners, dyes, etc.
Sammensetningen av typiske tekstilvaskemidler somThe composition of typical textile detergents such as
skal anvendes i området fra 30 - 100°C ligger i området åv følgende reseptur : 5-30 vekt? anioniske og/eller ikke-ioniske og/éller zwitterioniske must be used in the range from 30 - 100°C is in the range of the following recipe: 5-30 weight? anionic and/or nonionic and/or zwitterionic
tensider, surfactants,
5-70 vekt? eventuelt bundet vann holdig vannuoppløselige aluminiumsilikater av den ovenfor under punkt A) angitte definisjon, 5-70 weight? optionally bound water-containing water-insoluble aluminum silicates of the definition given above under point A),
2-45 vekt? vannoppløselige kompleksdannere for- kalsiumioner, 0-50 vekt? bærestoffer som ikke er i stand til kompleksdannelse 2-45 weight? water-soluble complexing agents for calcium ions, 0-50 weight? carriers that are not capable of complex formation
med kalsiumioner, spesielt alkaliske bærestoffer,with calcium ions, especially alkaline carriers,
0-40 vekt? av en blekekomponent som b.estår av perf orbindelser, 0-40 weight? of a bleaching component consisting of perfor compounds,
spesielt perborat og eventuelt stabilisatorer og/eller aktivatorer, especially perborate and possibly stabilizers and/or activators,
0-10 vekt? andre, for det meste mindre mengder i tekstilvaskemidler tilstedeværende tilsetningsstoffer. 0-10 weight? other, mostly smaller amounts of additives present in textile detergents.
Por- og hovedvaskemidlene av denne reseptur inneholder ingen perforbindelser . I dé for.etrukkede ved kokevask anvendte helvaskemidler utgjør innholdet av blekekomponenter 10 - 40 vekt?. The pore and main detergents of this recipe contain no per compounds. In the pre-extracted all-purpose detergents used in boiling washing, the content of bleaching components amounts to 10 - 40% by weight.
Mengdeangivelsene refererer seg til den samlede reseptur uten hensyn til at den består av forblanding og varmtørket pulver. Derved kan enkelte komponenter,.spesielt aluminiumsilikatet være. inneholdt såvel i forblandingene som også i de varmtørkede komponenter. The quantity specifications refer to the overall recipe without regard to the fact that it consists of premix and heat-dried powder. Thereby, certain components, in particular the aluminum silicate, can be contained both in the premixes and in the heat-dried components.
De ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnåelige vaske- og rensemidler er fortrinnsvis bestemt til vasking av tekstiler. De kan imidlertid også anvendes som rensemidler for overflate av ikke tekstilgjenstander, spesielt! av de forskjelligste husholdningsutstyr .• The washing and cleaning agents obtainable according to the invention are preferably intended for washing textiles. However, they can also be used as cleaning agents for the surface of non-textile items, especially! of the most diverse household equipment .•
Det følger nå en oppregning av de til anvendelse i mid-lene ifølge oppfinnelsen egnede stoffer. There now follows an enumeration of the substances suitable for use in the agents according to the invention.
De anioniske resp. zwitterioniske tensider inneholderThe anionic resp. zwitterionic surfactants contain
i molekylet minst en hydrofob organisk rest og en yannoppløselig-gjørende anionisk e"ller zwitterionisk gruppe. Ved den hydrofobe rest dreier det . seg for det meste om en ålifatisk hydrokarbo.nrest med 8 - 26, fortrinnsvis 10 - 22 og spesielt 12 - 18 C-atomer eller om in the molecule at least one hydrophobic organic residue and a water-solubilizing anionic or zwitterionic group. The hydrophobic residue is mostly an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 8 - 26, preferably 10 - 22 and especially 12 - 18 C atoms or about
en alkylaromatisk rest med 6 - 18, fortrinnsvis 8 - 16 alifatiske C-atomer. an alkylaromatic residue with 6-18, preferably 8-16 aliphatic C atoms.
Som anioniske tensider er det f.eks. brukbart såper av naturlige eller syntetiske, fortrinnsvis mettede fettsyrer, eventuelt også av harpiks- eller naftensyrer. Egnede syntetiske anioniske tensider er slike av typen sulfonater, sulfater og de syntetiske karboksylater. As anionic surfactants, there are e.g. usable soaps of natural or synthetic, preferably saturated fatty acids, optionally also of resin or naphthenic acids. Suitable synthetic anionic surfactants are those of the type sulphonates, sulphates and the synthetic carboxylates.
Som tensider av sulfonattypen kommer det i betraktning alkylbenzensulfonater (C^-^-alkyl), blandinger av alken- og hydroksy-alkansulfonater samt disulfonater, slik man eksempelvis får dem fra As surfactants of the sulfonate type, alkylbenzenesulfonates (C^-^-alkyl), mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates as well as disulfonates, such as are obtained for example from
monoolefiner med ende- eller innvendig plassert dobbéltbinding ved sulfonering med gassformet svoveltrioksyd og etterfølgende alkalisk eller sur hydrolyse av'sulfoneringsproduktene, Videre egner det seg alkansulfonater, som er oppnåelige fra.alkaner ved sulfokloréring eller sulfoksydasjon og etterfølgende hydrolyse resp . 'nøytralisasjon resp. ved bisulfitaddisjon til olefiner. Ytterligere anvendbare tensider av sulfonattypen er esteren av a-sulfofettsyrer, f.eks. a-sulfonsyrer av hydrerte metyl- eller etylestere av kokos-, palmekjerne-eller talgfettsyre. monoolefins with an end or internally placed double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.Alkanesulfonates are also suitable, which can be obtained from alkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis resp. 'neutralization resp. by bisulfite addition to olefins. Further useful surfactants of the sulfonate type are the esters of α-sulfofatty acids, e.g. α-sulphonic acids of hydrogenated methyl or ethyl esters of coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acid.
Egnede tensider av sulfattypen er s^ovelsyremonoestere av primære alkoholer (f.eks. av kokos fettalkoholer, talgfettalkoholer eller oleylalkoholer) og disse av sekundæralkoholer. Videre egner det seg sulfaterté fettsyrealkanolamider, féttsyremonoglycerider eller omsetningsprodukter av 1 - 4 mol etylenoksyd med primære eller sekundære fettalkoholer eller alkylfenoler. Suitable surfactants of the sulphate type are sulfuric acid monoesters of primary alcohols (e.g. of coconut fatty alcohols, tallow fatty alcohols or oleyl alcohols) and these of secondary alcohols. Furthermore, sulfated fatty acid alkanolamides, fatty acid monoglycerides or reaction products of 1 - 4 moles of ethylene oxide with primary or secondary fatty alcohols or alkylphenols are also suitable.
Ytterligere egnede anioniske tensider er fettsyreestere resp. -amider av hydroksy- eller amino-karboksylsyre resp..-sulfon-'■ syrer, som f.eks. fettsyresarcosider, -glykolater, -laktater, -tau-rider- eller -isetionater. Further suitable anionic surfactants are fatty acid esters or -amides of hydroxy- or amino-carboxylic acids or -sulfonic acids, such as e.g. fatty acid sarcosides, -glycolates, -lactates, -tau-rider- or -isethionates.
De anioniske tensider kan foreligge i form av deres natrium-t, kalium- og ammoniumsalter samt som oppløselige salter av organiske baser, som mono-, di- eller trietanolamin. The anionic surfactants can exist in the form of their sodium, potassium and ammonium salts as well as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
Som zwitterioniske tensider egner det seg fremfor alt ,betainene som har en fire ganger substituert, dvs. kvartær ammonium-'gruppe og en kovalent bundet syregruppe, og hvis positive og negative ladninger er utlignet intramolekylært. Betainene har ved nitrogenet maksimalt to, vanligvis imidlertid båre en høyeremolekylær alifatisk hydrokarbonrest med hydrofob karakter og minst en,.vanligvis imidlertid to lavere alkylrester med 1-3 karbonatomer, som kan være substituert med hydroksylgrupper eller- direkte forbundet med hverandre over et As zwitterionic surfactants, the betaines which have a four-fold substituted, i.e. quaternary ammonium group and a covalently bound acid group, and whose positive and negative charges are balanced intramolecularly, are suitable above all. At the nitrogen, the betaines have a maximum of two, usually, however, a higher molecular weight aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with a hydrophobic character and at least one, however usually two lower alkyl residues with 1-3 carbon atoms, which may be substituted with hydroxyl groups or directly connected to each other via a
.heteroatom. Den anioniske, vannoppløseliggjørende syregruppe er over .heteroatom. The anionic, water-solubilizing acid group is over
fjerde substituent, som for. det meste består av ehkortkjedet, eventuelt en dobbéltbinding eller en■hydroksylgruppeholdig alifatisk rest med ammoniumnitrogenet". Typiske representanter er eksempelvis forbindelsene 3_ (N-heksadecyl-N,N-dimetylammonio) -propansulfonat; 3_,(N-talgalkyl-N,N-dimetylammonio)-2-hydroksypropansulfonat3-(N-heksa- fourth substituent, as for. most consist of the short chain, possibly a double bond or an aliphatic residue containing a hydroxyl group with the ammonium nitrogen". Typical representatives are, for example, the compounds 3_ (N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylammonio)-propanesulfonate; 3_,(N-tallow alkyl-N,N- dimethylammonio)-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate3-(N-hexa-
decyl-N,N-bis-(2-hydroksyety1)-ammonio)-2-hydroksypropylsulfat og N-tetradecyl-N,N-dimetyl-ammonioacetat. decyl-N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ammonio)-2-hydroxypropyl sulfate and N-tetradecyl-N,N-dimethylammonioacetate.
Som kompleksdannere for kalsium er det for formålet ifølge oppfinnelsen også egnet stoffer med så liten kompleksbinde-evne at man tidligere ikke har ansett dem som. typiske kompleksdannere for kalsium, imidlertid har slike forbindelser ofte den evne å for-sinke utfellingen av kalsiumkarbonat fra vandige oppløsninger. As complex formers for calcium, for the purpose according to the invention, substances with such a low complex-binding capacity that they have not previously been considered suitable are also suitable. typical complex formers for calcium, however, such compounds often have the ability to delay the precipitation of calcium carbonate from aqueous solutions.
Til kompletteringsmidlene hører slike av uorganisk natur, som f.eks', pyrofosfat, trifosfat, høyere polyfosfater og metaf os fater. Complementary agents include those of an inorganic nature, such as, for example, pyrophosphate, triphosphate, higher polyphosphates and metaphosphates.
Organiske forbindelser, som tjener, som komplekserings-midler for kalsium befinner seg som kjent blant polykarboksylsyrene, hydroksykarboksylsyrer, aminokarboksylsyrer, karboksyalkyletere, polyanioniske polymere, spesielt de polymere karboksylsyrer og fos-fonsyrer, idet disse forbindelser for det meste anvendes i form av deres vannoppløselige salter. Organic compounds which serve as complexing agents for calcium are, as is known, among the polycarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, aminocarboxylic acids, carboxyalkyl ethers, polyanionic polymers, especially the polymeric carboxylic acids and phosphonic acids, these compounds being mostly used in the form of their water-soluble salts .
Som vannoppløselige bærestoffer egner det seg forutenIt is also suitable as a water-soluble carrier
de allerede nevnte vaskealkalier og alkalisulfater alkalisaltene av organiske, ikke kapillaraktive 2 -. 9 C-atomholdige sulfonsyrer, karboksylsyrer og sulfokarboksylsyrer. Hertil hører eksempelvis vann-oppløselige salter av benzen-, toluen- eller xylensulfonsyrer, vann-oppløselige salter av sulfoeddiksyre, sulfobenzosyre eller salter av sulfodikarboksylsyrer samt saltene av eddik-syre, melkesyre, sitron-syre og' vinsyre . the already mentioned washing alkalis and alkali sulphates the alkali salts of organic, not capillary active 2 -. 9 C-atom containing sulphonic acids, carboxylic acids and sulphocarboxylic acids. These include, for example, water-soluble salts of benzene, toluene or xylene sulfonic acids, water-soluble salts of sulfoacetic acid, sulfobenzoic acid or salts of sulfocarboxylic acids as well as the salts of acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid.
Ek sempler.Oak samples.
Det i eksemplene anvendte aluminiumsilikat hadde omtrentelig sammensetning: 0,9 Na20 . Al20j) . 2,0 Si02. 4<H>20 og en kalsiumbindeevne på 165 mg CaO/g AS. Partikkelstørrelsesfor-delingen lå innenfor følgende område: > 40yU = 0 vekt? Partikkelstørrelsesmaksimum:- 1 - 5/U. The aluminum silicate used in the examples had an approximate composition: 0.9 Na 2 O . Al20j). 2.0 Si02. 4<H>20 and a calcium binding capacity of 165 mg CaO/g AS. The particle size distribution was within the following range: > 40yU = 0 weight? Particle size maximum:- 1 - 5/U.
< 30/U =100vekt?< 30/U = 100 weight?
< 10/U =90vekt?< 10/U =90 weight?
Perboratet var en handelsvanlig vare av omtrentelig sammensetning NaB02. H202. 3 H20, volumvekt 830 g/liter. The perborate was a commercial commodity of approximate composition NaB02. H202. 3 H20, volumetric weight 830 g/litre.
Forkortelsene "TA-5A0", "TA-14R0" resp. "OCA-10A0" betyr tilleiringsprodukter av 5 resp. 14 resp. 10 mol etylenoksyd (AO) til 1 mol talgfettalkohol (TA)' (jodtall = 0,5) resp. oleyl-/cetylalkohol (jodtall =50). The abbreviations "TA-5A0", "TA-14R0" resp. "OCA-10A0" means addition products of 5 resp. 14 or 10 mol ethylene oxide (AO) to 1 mol tallow fatty alcohol (TA)' (iodine number = 0.5) resp. oleyl/cetyl alcohol (iodine number =50).
v v
Forblandingenes "kiselsyre" var en høydispers silisium-dioksyd med en partikkelstørrelse på 1 - 12^u, en litervekt på 90 - 100 g/liter og en BET-overflate på 300 m2/g. The "silicic acid" of the premixes was a highly dispersed silicon dioxide with a particle size of 1 - 12 µm, a weight per liter of 90 - 100 g/litre and a BET surface area of 300 m 2 /g.
Følgende tabell inneholder resepturen av.noen forblandinger som var blitt fremstillet.i en lukket blander ved pådysning av flytende nonionics på den bevegede pulverblanding. The following table contains the recipe of some premixes that had been prepared in a closed mixer by spraying liquid nonionics onto the stirred powder mixture.
De'-følgende eksempler vedrører vaskemidler, hvori forblandingen ifølge eksemplene V 1 - V 10 er "inneholdt. The following examples relate to detergents in which the premix according to examples V 1 - V 10 is contained.
De i disse vaskemidler inneholdte saltåktige bestanddeler - saltaktige tensider, andre organiske salter samt uorganiske salter, forelå som natriumsalter, hvis det ikke er sagt noe uttrykkelig annet. De henyttede betegnelser resp. forkortelser betyr: "ABS": Saltet ehved kondensering av rettlinjede de-finer med benzen og sulfonering av den således dannede alkylbenzen dannede alkylbenzensulfonsyre med 10 - 15, fortrinnsvis 11 .- 13 karbonatomer i alkylkjeden. The salty components contained in these detergents - salty surfactants, other organic salts as well as inorganic salts, were present as sodium salts, unless expressly stated otherwise. The reused designations resp. abbreviations mean: "ABS": Salt ehved condensation of rectilinear definitions with benzene and sulfonation of the thus formed alkylbenzene formed alkylbenzenesulfonic acid with 10 - 15, preferably 11 .- 13 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
"OS": En ved sulfonering av a-olefiner med 12 - 18 C-åtomer med SO^og hydrolysering av sulfoneringsproduktet med natron-lut dannet blanding av hydroksyalkan-, alkan- og disulfonater. "OS": A mixture of hydroxyalkane, alkane and disulfonates formed by sulphonation of α-olefins with 12 - 18 C atoms with SO^ and hydrolysis of the sulphonation product with caustic soda.
"Fs-estersulfonat": Et av hydrert. palmekjernefettsyre-metylester over. sulfonering med SO^dannet sulfonat . "Alkansulf onat" : Et over sulfoksydas j on av C]_2-l8~"Fs-ester sulfonate": One of hydrogenated. palm kernel fatty acid methyl ester above. sulfonation with SO^formed sulfonate . "Alkane sulfonate" : An over sulfoxidase ion of C]_2-18~
paraffiner dannet sulfonat.paraffins formed sulfonate.
"Sepe": Et produkt, fremstillet av en herdet blanding av like vektdeler av talg- og. rapsoljefettsyre (jodtall = 1).. "Soap": A product, made from a hardened mixture of equal parts by weight of tallow and. rapeseed oil fatty acid (iodine number = 1)..
"EDTA": Saltet av etylendiamintetraeddiksyre."EDTA": The salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
"CMC": Saltet av karboksymetylcellulose."CMC": The salt of carboxymethyl cellulose.
De nedenfor stående vaskemiddelresepturer ble dannet av forblandingen.ifølge eksempel V 1 - V 10 ved sammenblanding med et ved hjelp av varmforstøvning fremstilt pulver. Såvel forblandingene som også de férdige vaskemiddelpreparater viste tross deres innhold av oljeaktige resp. pastaformede nonionics. gode pulveregenskaper,. dvs. de var godt risledyktige. The following detergent recipes were formed from the premix according to example V 1 - V 10 by mixing with a powder produced by means of hot atomization. Both the premixes and the finished detergent preparations showed, despite their content of oily or pasty nonionics. good powder properties,. i.e. they were well-dried.
Eksempel W 1: Fosfatfattig kullvaskemiddel.Example W 1: Low-phosphate coal detergent.
Preparatet ble dannet ved sammenblanding av 5'9vektdeler av forblanding V 3 med 4l vektdeler av et ved varmforstøvning fremstillet pulver (tårnpulver nr. 1) av følgende sammensetning: The preparation was formed by mixing 5.9 parts by weight of premix V 3 with 4 parts by weight of a powder produced by hot atomization (tower powder no. 1) of the following composition:
Preparatet inneholdt 28,5 vekt? natriumperborat og 11,5 vekt? natriumtrifosfat. The preparation contained 28.5 weight? sodium perborate and 11.5 wt? sodium triphosphate.
Eksempel W- 2: Fosfatfritt fullvaskemiddel.Example W-2: Phosphate-free full detergent.
Preparatet ble fremstillet ved sammenblanding av- 57 deler av forblanding V 4 med 43 vektdeler av tårnpulver med følgende sammensetning: The preparation was made by mixing 57 parts of premix V 4 with 43 parts by weight of tower powder with the following composition:
T<å>rn<p>ulver-nr. 2: T<å>rn<p>olver no. 2:
Preparatet inneholdt 28,5 vekt? natriumperborat ; det vannuoppløselige kalsiumionbindende aluminiumsilikat ble innbragt gjennom forblandingen og gjennom tårnpulver i preparatet i en samlet mengde på 29,2 vekt?. Eksempel W J>: Fosfatfattig f or vaskemiddel.. The preparation contained 28.5 weight? sodium perborate; the water-insoluble calcium ion-binding aluminum silicate was introduced through the premix and through tower powder into the preparation in a total amount of 29.2 wt?. Example W J>: Phosphate-poor detergent..
Preparatet fremstillet ved sammenblanding av 50 vektdeler av forblanding VI og 50 vektdeler av det i eksempel W 1 angitte tårnpulver nr . 1. The preparation produced by mixing 50 parts by weight of premix VI and 50 parts by weight of the tower powder no. 1.
E ksempel W 4: Fosfatfritt hovedvaskemiddel.E xample W 4: Phosphate-free main detergent.
Preparatet ble fremstillet ved sammenblanding av 60 vektdeler av forblanding V 2 med 40 vektdeler av det i eksempel W 2 angitte tårnpulver nr. 2. The preparation was made by mixing 60 parts by weight of premix V 2 with 40 parts by weight of the tower powder no. 2 specified in example W 2.
E ksempel W 5: Fosfatfattig hovedvaskemiddel.E xample W 5: Low phosphate main detergent.
Preparatet ble fremstillet ved sammenblanding av 40 vektdeler av forblanding V 8 med 60 vektdeler av tårnpulveret av følgende sammensetning i The preparation was prepared by mixing 40 parts by weight of premix V 8 with 60 parts by weight of the tower powder of the following composition in
Tårnpulver nr. 3:Tower Powder No. 3:
E ksempel W 6: Fosfatfritt forvaskemiddel. E xample W 6: Phosphate-free pre-washer.
Preparatet ble fremstillet ved sammenblanding avThe preparation was made by mixing together
.50 vektdeler av forblanding V 1 og 50 vektdeler av tårnpulveret med følgende sammensetning: .50 parts by weight of premix V 1 and 50 parts by weight of the tower powder with the following composition:
Tårnpulver nr. 4:Tower Powder No. 4:
E ksempel W 7: Fosfatfattig, blekevirksomt vaskemiddel for 60°C- vask. E xample W 7: Low-phosphate, bleach-active detergent for 60°C washing.
Preparatet ble fremstillet ved sammenblanding av 40 vektdeler av forblanding V 9 og 60 vektdeler av tårnpulver med følgende sammensetning: The preparation was made by mixing 40 parts by weight of premix V 9 and 60 parts by weight of tower powder with the following composition:
Tårnpulver nr. 5:Tower Powder No. 5:
Preparatet inneholdt 10>4 vekt?.natriumperborat og The preparation contained 10>4 weight?.sodium perborate and
9,6 vekt? tetraacetylglykoluril som perborataktivator. Det vannuopp-løselige, kalsiumion^bindende aluminiumsilikat ble innbragt gjennom forblandingen og tårnpulveret med' tilsammen 22,6 vekt? i preparatet. E ksempel W 8: Fosfatfattig, blekevirksomt vaskemiddel for 60QC.- vask. 9.6 weight? tetraacetyl glycoluril as perborate activator. The water-soluble, calcium ion-binding aluminum silicate was introduced through the premix and the tower powder with a total of 22.6 wt. in the preparation. E xample W 8: Low-phosphate, bleach-active detergent for 60QC.- washing.
Preparatet ble fremstillet ved sammenblanding av 50 vektdeler av forblanding V 10, 40 vektdeler av tårnpulver nr. 1 og 10 vektdeler natriumperborat. The preparation was prepared by mixing 50 parts by weight of premix V 10, 40 parts by weight of tower powder No. 1 and 10 parts by weight of sodium perborate.
Skulle det være ønskelig å nedsette vaskemidlets skumevne så hardt, innarbeider man kjente skuminhibitorer. Dette gjelder fremfor alt for preparater, som ikke inneholder såpe. Should it be desirable to reduce the foaming ability of the detergent so severely, known foam inhibitors are incorporated. This applies above all to preparations that do not contain soap.
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0151474A AT373276B (en) | 1974-02-25 | 1974-02-25 | PROBLEABLE DETERGENTS CONTAINING NON-ionic surfactants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO750256L true NO750256L (en) | 1975-08-26 |
Family
ID=3515324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO750256A NO750256L (en) | 1974-02-25 | 1975-01-28 |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6052193B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT373276B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE825863A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7501095A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1039608A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH625550A5 (en) |
| CY (1) | CY1073A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2507926A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK27475A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES435028A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI59419C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2262108B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1504211A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE41133B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1030215B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU71902A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL174956C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO750256L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE425857B (en) |
| TR (1) | TR18463A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA751168B (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA767170B (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1978-07-26 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Detergent composition and method for use |
| US4666740A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1987-05-19 | The Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Phosphate-free concentrated particulate heavy duty laundry detergent |
| US4663194A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1987-05-05 | The Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Phosphate-free concentrated particulate heavy duty laundry detergent |
| ZA776946B (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1979-06-27 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Free flowing high bulk density particulate detergent softener |
| US4260651A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1981-04-07 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Phosphate-free concentrated particulate heavy duty laundry detergent |
| US4347152A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1982-08-31 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Phosphate-free concentrated particulate heavy duty laundry detergent |
| US4248911A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1981-02-03 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Concentrated heavy duty particulate laundry detergent |
| JPS544908A (en) * | 1977-06-14 | 1979-01-16 | Kao Corp | Granular or powdery detergent composition with good fluidity |
| NZ188469A (en) * | 1977-10-06 | 1980-12-19 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Detergent composition comprising a univalent cation-exchanging zeolite a nonionic detergent and builder salts |
| DE2902236A1 (en) * | 1978-01-25 | 1979-07-26 | Kao Corp | BLEACHING AGENT |
| DE2852285A1 (en) * | 1978-12-02 | 1980-06-12 | Henkel Kgaa | LOW-PHOSPHATE FRUIT SALT MIXTURE AND THEIR USE IN DETERGENT AND CLEANING AGENTS |
| JPS5632321A (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1981-04-01 | Pq Corp | Improved zeolite ion exchanging substance |
| EP0028432B1 (en) | 1979-11-03 | 1984-01-18 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Granular laundry compositions |
| US4666738A (en) * | 1980-09-02 | 1987-05-19 | The Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Method for making a phosphate containing concentrated heavy duty particulate laundry detergent |
| ES8400768A1 (en) * | 1980-11-06 | 1983-11-01 | Procter & Gamble | Bleach activator compositions, preparation thereof and use in granular detergent compositions. |
| JPS5811597A (en) * | 1981-04-08 | 1983-01-22 | ザ・プロクタ−・エンド・ギヤンブル・カンパニ− | Detergent composition |
| NZ201211A (en) * | 1981-07-15 | 1985-08-16 | Unilever Plc | Detergent additives and compositions |
| DE3424987A1 (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1986-02-06 | Unilever N.V., Rotterdam | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A POWDERED DETERGENT WITH INCREASED SHOULDER WEIGHT |
| JPS6189300A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1986-05-07 | ライオン株式会社 | Production of granular detergent composition containing nonionic surfactant |
| DE3621536A1 (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-01-07 | Henkel Kgaa | LIQUID DETERGENT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE3842007A1 (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1990-06-21 | Henkel Kgaa | FLUID TO PASTOESES, BLEACHING DETERGENT |
| DE69112970T2 (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1996-03-21 | Kao Corp | Nonionic powder detergent composition. |
| GB9113675D0 (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 1991-08-14 | Unilever Plc | Particulate detergent composition or component |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB132511A (en) * | 1918-06-24 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| GB339355A (en) * | 1929-09-07 | 1930-12-08 | Electric Smelting & Aluminum C | Improvements in and relating to detergents and method of preparing the same |
| DE1038017B (en) * | 1953-12-24 | 1958-09-04 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for making crystalline zeolitic molecular sieves |
| US3033641A (en) * | 1956-03-21 | 1962-05-08 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for cation separation using zeolitic materials |
| US3206408A (en) * | 1961-04-07 | 1965-09-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Aqueous shampoo composition |
| NL296018A (en) * | 1962-08-01 | |||
| ZA670030B (en) * | 1966-03-09 | |||
| US3650967A (en) * | 1969-09-15 | 1972-03-21 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Enzymatic granules |
| FR2105475A5 (en) * | 1970-09-02 | 1972-04-28 | Sifrance | |
| DE2055423A1 (en) * | 1970-11-11 | 1972-05-18 | Chemische Fabrik Budenheim, Rudolf A. Oetker, 6501 Budenheim | Washing compositions - containing water-insoluble crosslinked cation -exchange polymers especially crosslinked polystyrene,polyacrylic acid |
| US3769222A (en) * | 1971-02-09 | 1973-10-30 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Free flowing nonionic surfactants |
| AT330930B (en) * | 1973-04-13 | 1976-07-26 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SOLID, SPILLABLE DETERGENTS OR CLEANING AGENTS WITH A CONTENT OF CALCIUM BINDING SUBSTANCES |
| US4605509A (en) * | 1973-05-11 | 1986-08-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent compositions containing sodium aluminosilicate builders |
| JPS5838919B2 (en) | 1974-06-24 | 1983-08-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Power supply circuit for flash device |
-
1974
- 1974-02-25 AT AT0151474A patent/AT373276B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1975
- 1975-01-28 DK DK27475*#A patent/DK27475A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-01-28 SE SE7500901A patent/SE425857B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-01-28 FI FI750212A patent/FI59419C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-01-28 NO NO750256A patent/NO750256L/no unknown
- 1975-01-28 NL NLAANVRAGE7500980,A patent/NL174956C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-21 CY CY1073A patent/CY1073A/en unknown
- 1975-02-21 GB GB7278/75A patent/GB1504211A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-24 ES ES435028A patent/ES435028A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-24 CA CA220,615A patent/CA1039608A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-24 LU LU71902A patent/LU71902A1/xx unknown
- 1975-02-24 BE BE153635A patent/BE825863A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-24 BR BR1095/75A patent/BR7501095A/en unknown
- 1975-02-24 DE DE19752507926 patent/DE2507926A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-02-24 CH CH224975A patent/CH625550A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-25 FR FR7505855A patent/FR2262108B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-02-25 IT IT67478/75A patent/IT1030215B/en active
- 1975-02-25 JP JP50023366A patent/JPS6052193B2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-25 ZA ZA00751168A patent/ZA751168B/en unknown
- 1975-02-25 IE IE392/75A patent/IE41133B1/en unknown
- 1975-12-25 TR TR18463A patent/TR18463A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2507926A1 (en) | 1975-08-28 |
| NL7500980A (en) | 1975-08-27 |
| BE825863A (en) | 1975-08-25 |
| TR18463A (en) | 1977-02-18 |
| JPS6052193B2 (en) | 1985-11-18 |
| FR2262108B1 (en) | 1977-04-15 |
| CA1039608A (en) | 1978-10-03 |
| JPS50119813A (en) | 1975-09-19 |
| ZA751168B (en) | 1976-01-28 |
| IE41133L (en) | 1975-08-25 |
| NL174956B (en) | 1984-04-02 |
| AT373276B (en) | 1984-01-10 |
| SE7500901L (en) | 1975-08-26 |
| ES435028A1 (en) | 1977-01-01 |
| GB1504211A (en) | 1978-03-15 |
| LU71902A1 (en) | 1975-12-09 |
| DK27475A (en) | 1975-10-27 |
| FI59419C (en) | 1981-08-10 |
| CY1073A (en) | 1980-10-24 |
| BR7501095A (en) | 1975-12-02 |
| FI750212A (en) | 1975-08-26 |
| IE41133B1 (en) | 1979-10-24 |
| CH625550A5 (en) | 1981-09-30 |
| FR2262108A1 (en) | 1975-09-19 |
| NL174956C (en) | 1984-09-03 |
| ATA151474A (en) | 1976-04-15 |
| IT1030215B (en) | 1979-03-30 |
| FI59419B (en) | 1981-04-30 |
| SE425857B (en) | 1982-11-15 |
| DE2507926B2 (en) | 1980-03-13 |
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