NO336683B1 - Installations that include a tank for storing liquid natural gas - Google Patents

Installations that include a tank for storing liquid natural gas

Info

Publication number
NO336683B1
NO336683B1 NO20092829A NO20092829A NO336683B1 NO 336683 B1 NO336683 B1 NO 336683B1 NO 20092829 A NO20092829 A NO 20092829A NO 20092829 A NO20092829 A NO 20092829A NO 336683 B1 NO336683 B1 NO 336683B1
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
tank
lng
gas
cooling
loop
Prior art date
Application number
NO20092829A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO20092829A1 (en
Inventor
Jørn M Jonas
Original Assignee
Rondane Teknologi As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rondane Teknologi As filed Critical Rondane Teknologi As
Priority to NO20092829A priority Critical patent/NO336683B1/en
Priority to EP10808415.3A priority patent/EP2464563A4/en
Priority to PCT/NO2010/000299 priority patent/WO2011019284A1/en
Publication of NO20092829A1 publication Critical patent/NO20092829A1/en
Publication of NO336683B1 publication Critical patent/NO336683B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0169—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL subcooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0169—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL subcooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0323—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0327—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating with recovery of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0374—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F17C2227/0383—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel
    • F17C2227/0386—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel with a jacket
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/021—Avoiding over pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/025—Reducing transfer time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/035—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with subcooling the liquid phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Description

Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører et anlegg som omfatter en tank for lagring av flytende naturgass (LNG - Liquid Natural Gas) som marint drivstoff til bruk i en drivmotor eller en annen drivstoff-forbrukende anordning på et skip, og en brenner for å fordampe LNG som strømmer ut fra tanken for slik bruk. The present invention relates to a facility which comprises a tank for storing liquid natural gas (LNG - Liquid Natural Gas) as marine fuel for use in a propulsion engine or another fuel-consuming device on a ship, and a burner for vaporizing the LNG that flows out from the tank for such use.

Flytende naturgass til bruk som marint drivstoff blir lagret i en veldig kald, kokende (mettet) tilstand. Det er ikke mulig å holde naturgass i væskeform kun med trykk. Noe av den lagrede, kalde LNG'en blir kontinuerlig omdannet til damp inne i tanken. Denne dampen kalles avbrenningsgass. Avbrenningsgass blir dannet fordi LNG er kaldere enn luften rundt, og det vil således alltid være en varmeoverføring inn i LNG'en som fordamper LNG til gass. Liquid natural gas for use as marine fuel is stored in a very cold, boiling (saturated) state. It is not possible to keep natural gas in liquid form only with pressure. Some of the stored, cold LNG is continuously converted into steam inside the tank. This vapor is called combustion gas. Combustion gas is formed because LNG is colder than the surrounding air, and there will thus always be a heat transfer into the LNG that vaporises the LNG into gas.

LNG blir fraktet til forbrukeren enten ved hjelp av tanktrykk eller ved hjelp av en pumpe inne i tanken. Naturgass blir forsynt til gassforbrukeren i gassform. LNG-drivstoff må således fordampes før det blir sendt til forbrukeren. Fordampningen oppnås ved hjelp av et varmemedium utenfor tanken. Variasjoner i gassforbruket tilpasses ved å justere varmeinngangen på utsiden av tanken. LNG is transported to the consumer either by means of tank pressure or by means of a pump inside the tank. Natural gas is supplied to the gas consumer in gaseous form. LNG fuel must therefore be evaporated before it is sent to the consumer. The evaporation is achieved using a heating medium outside the tank. Variations in gas consumption are adapted by adjusting the heat input on the outside of the tank.

I marine tanksystemer for LNG-drivstoff er det behov for varmeinngang på utsiden av LNG-lagringstanken for å fordampe LNG til gassform for konsumering, og samtidig er det et visst behov for kjøling i tanksystemet. In marine tank systems for LNG fuel, there is a need for heat input on the outside of the LNG storage tank to vaporize the LNG into gaseous form for consumption, and at the same time there is a certain need for cooling in the tank system.

Et behov for kjøling oppstår før påfylling av LNG-drivstoff. Tankpåfyllingsrørene er normalt ikke avkjølt. Tankpåfyllingsrørene blir ikke eksponert for kald gass under drift av skipet og har omgivelsestemperatur. Væskenivået i en LNG-drivstofftank er i alminnelighet lavt før påfylling og den øvre delen av tanken vil således være varmere enn den nedre delen av tanken, som inneholder LNG. De varmere tankpåfyllingsrørene og det varmere øvre volumet i tanken vil forårsake hurtig fordampning av gass når påfyllingen av tanken begynner. Avdampningsgassene vil forårsake trykkpulser og hindre fri strømning av LNG inn i tanken, og vil således gjøre at det tar lengre tid å fylle tanken enn om alle rørene og tanken var kaldere. Fortrinnsvis bør hele tanksystemet være like kaldt som LNG'en i bunnen av tanken, eller kaldere. A need for cooling occurs before filling up with LNG fuel. The tank filling pipes are not normally cooled. The tank filling pipes are not exposed to cold gas during operation of the ship and are at ambient temperature. The liquid level in an LNG fuel tank is generally low before filling and the upper part of the tank will thus be warmer than the lower part of the tank, which contains LNG. The hotter tank filler pipes and the hotter upper volume of the tank will cause rapid vaporization of gas as the tank begins to fill. The evaporation gases will cause pressure pulses and prevent the free flow of LNG into the tank, and will thus make it take longer to fill the tank than if all the pipes and the tank were colder. Preferably, the entire tank system should be as cold as the LNG at the bottom of the tank, or colder.

På trykkfrie LNG-drivstofftanker, definert som tanker med et maksimalt trykk på 0,7 bar g eller lavere, er et ytterligere system for å ta seg av avbrenningsgass nødvendig, og én måte å håndtere avbrenningsgassen er å kjøle innsiden av tanken for å kompensere for varmeoverføringen inn i tanken. On unpressurized LNG fuel tanks, defined as tanks with a maximum pressure of 0.7 bar g or less, an additional system to deal with offgas is required, and one way to manage the offgas is to cool the inside of the tank to compensate for the heat transfer into the tank.

Fra WO 2009/063127 fremgår det et system og en fremgangsmåte for drift av et LNG drevet marint fartøy. Fartøyet omfatter en lagringstank for LNG og en LNG-drevet kraftkilde. WO 2009/063127 discloses a system and a method for operating an LNG-powered marine vessel. The vessel includes a storage tank for LNG and an LNG-powered power source.

Den foreliggende oppfinnelsen vedrører et anlegg som omfatter en tank for lagring av flytende naturgass (LNG) som marint drivstoff til bruk i en drivmotor eller en annen drivstoff-forbrukende anordning på et skip, og et varmeapparat for å fordampe LNG som strømmer ut fra tanken til slikt bruk. Anlegget omfatter: en lukket varmevekslingssløyfe som inneholder en gass i gassform som varmevekslingsmedium, en komprimeringsanordning for å komprimere gassen, en første varmeveksler for å kjøle den komprimerte gassen med bruk av LNG som strømmer ut fra tanken, en trykksenkningsanordning for gassen og minst én andre varmeveksler for kjøling av minst ett tankpåfyllingsrør og/eller LNG som fylles på tanken. Den andre varmeveksler for kjøling av det minst ene tankpåfyllingsrøret er en mantel som omgir minst en del av det minst ene tankpåfyllingsrøret. The present invention relates to a plant comprising a tank for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG) as marine fuel for use in a propulsion engine or other fuel-consuming device on a ship, and a heater for vaporizing LNG flowing from the tank to such use. The plant comprises: a closed heat exchange loop containing a gas in gaseous form as a heat exchange medium, a compression device for compressing the gas, a first heat exchanger for cooling the compressed gas using LNG flowing out from the tank, a pressure reduction device for the gas and at least one second heat exchanger for cooling at least one tank filling pipe and/or LNG that is filled into the tank. The second heat exchanger for cooling the at least one tank filling pipe is a jacket that surrounds at least a part of the at least one tank filling pipe.

Sløyfen kan omfatte en gren med den andre varmeveksler for kjøling inne i tanken. The loop may include a branch with the second heat exchanger for cooling inside the tank.

Ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse kan det tilveiebringes en lukket kjølesløyfe for kjøling av tankpåfyllingsrørene før påfylling av LNG i tanken, og fortrinnsvis også under påfylling av LNG i tanken. Kjølesløyfen inneholder en gass, så som nitrogen, trykksatt i en komprimeringsanordning, og blir varmevekslet med LNG'en som sendes til forbrukeren før LNG'en blir varmet opp, hvorved gassen blir kjølt ned, hvoretter gassen blir sendt gjennom en trykksenkingsanordning. Sløyfen omgir påfyllingsrørene eller en del av disse og sørger for kjøling av rørene før fylling av tanken og eventuelt også under fylling av tanken. Sløyfen kan også ha en gren i tanken. Temperaturen til gassen i kjølesløyfen er lavere enn temperaturen til LNG'en i tanken som følge av adiabatisk ekspansjon etter varmeveksling med fordampende LNG som skal transporteres til forbrukeren. Sløyfen fører tilbake til lavtrykkssiden av komprimeringsanordningen. According to the present invention, a closed cooling loop can be provided for cooling the tank filling pipes before filling LNG in the tank, and preferably also during filling LNG in the tank. The cooling loop contains a gas, such as nitrogen, pressurized in a compression device, and is heat exchanged with the LNG that is sent to the consumer before the LNG is heated, whereby the gas is cooled, after which the gas is sent through a depressurization device. The loop surrounds the filling pipes or part of them and ensures cooling of the pipes before filling the tank and possibly also during filling of the tank. The loop can also have a branch in the tank. The temperature of the gas in the cooling loop is lower than the temperature of the LNG in the tank as a result of adiabatic expansion after heat exchange with evaporating LNG to be transported to the consumer. The loop leads back to the low pressure side of the compression device.

Kjølesløyfen kan således anvendes for å kjøle påfyllingsrørene, rommet i tanken over LNG-nivået og LNG'en i bunnen av tanken. The cooling loop can thus be used to cool the filling pipes, the space in the tank above the LNG level and the LNG at the bottom of the tank.

En utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen er vist på den vedlagte tegningen. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the attached drawing.

Figuren viser skjematisk et anlegg ifølge oppfinnelsen. The figure schematically shows a plant according to the invention.

Med foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringes en lukket varmevekslingssløyfe 1 som inneholder en gass i gassform, som fortrinnsvis anvender nitrogengass som varmeutvekslingsmedium. Gassen i sløyfen 1 blir trykksatt i en komprimeringsanordning 2. Etter komprimering blir LNG som kommer fra tanken 7 i et rør 8 varmeutvekslet med gassen i sløyfen 1 i en varmeveksler 3 og gassen i sløyfen 1 blir avkjølt. Deretter blir gassen i sløyfen 1 sendt gjennom en trykksenkingsanordning 4 og blir så sendt gjennom én eller flere varmevekslere og tilbake til lavtrykkssiden av komprimeringsanordningen 2. Varmevekslerne kan omfatte en mantel 5a som omgir tankpåfyllingsrørene og ribberør 5b inne i tanken 7. With the present invention, a closed heat exchange loop 1 is provided which contains a gas in gaseous form, which preferably uses nitrogen gas as heat exchange medium. The gas in the loop 1 is pressurized in a compression device 2. After compression, LNG coming from the tank 7 in a pipe 8 is heat exchanged with the gas in the loop 1 in a heat exchanger 3 and the gas in the loop 1 is cooled. Next, the gas in the loop 1 is sent through a pressure reduction device 4 and is then sent through one or more heat exchangers and back to the low pressure side of the compression device 2. The heat exchangers may comprise a jacket 5a which surrounds the tank filling pipes and finned pipes 5b inside the tank 7.

Varmeveksleren 6 er for å fordampe LNG til bruk som drivstoff. LNG som kommer fra tanken blir varmet opp ved at den utveksler varme med gassen i sløyfen 1 før den kommer inn i varmeveksleren 6. The heat exchanger 6 is for vaporizing LNG for use as fuel. LNG coming from the tank is heated by it exchanging heat with the gas in loop 1 before it enters the heat exchanger 6.

Med foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringes en intern kjølesløyfe. Kjølekapasiteten til kjølesløyfen er proporsjonal med mengden av LNG som skal fordampes for bruk. Temperaturen i kjølesløyfen gjøres lavere enn LNG i tanken ved adiabatisk ekspansjon etter varmeveksling med fordampende LNG. With the present invention, an internal cooling loop is provided. The cooling capacity of the cooling loop is proportional to the amount of LNG to be vaporized for use. The temperature in the cooling loop is made lower than the LNG in the tank by adiabatic expansion after heat exchange with evaporating LNG.

Foreliggende oppfinnelse kan anvendes for å kjøle ned tankpåfyllingsrør 9, rommet i tanken 3 over LNG-nivået og for underkjøling av LNG i bunnen av tanken. Hensikten er å redusere eller unngå avdampingsgasser som forårsaker trykkpulser under fylling av tanken og således oppnå fri strømning av LNG inn i tanken. The present invention can be used to cool down the tank filling pipe 9, the space in the tank 3 above the LNG level and for subcooling the LNG at the bottom of the tank. The purpose is to reduce or avoid evaporation gases that cause pressure pulses during filling of the tank and thus achieve a free flow of LNG into the tank.

Ytterligere bruk av foreliggende oppfinnelse vil være å utnytte kjølekapasiteten for å redusere eller fjerne avbrenningsgass fra LNG-drivstofftanker med et maksimumtrykk på 0,7 bar g eller mindre, imidlertid fortrinnsvis med en separasjonsprosess som gjør det mulig å slippe ut ikke-kondenserbar N2.gass fra tanken. Denne separasjonsprosessen kan bevirkes med kjente separasjonsmetoder som utnytter muligheten til veldig lav temperatur i kjølesløyfen etter den adiabatiske ekspansjonen ved hjelp av trykksenkningsanordningen 4. Further use of the present invention would be to utilize the cooling capacity to reduce or remove combustion gas from LNG fuel tanks with a maximum pressure of 0.7 bar g or less, however preferably with a separation process that makes it possible to release non-condensable N2 gas from the tank. This separation process can be effected with known separation methods that utilize the possibility of very low temperature in the cooling loop after the adiabatic expansion by means of the pressure reduction device 4.

Claims (2)

1. Anlegg som omfatter en tank (7) for lagring av flytende naturgass (LNG) som marint drivstoff til bruk i en drivmotor eller en annen drivstoff-forbrukende anordning på et skip, og et varmeapparat (6) for å fordampe LNG som strømmer ut fra tanken (7) til slikt bruk, karakterisertvedatdet omfatter: en lukket varmevekslingssløyfe (1) som inneholder en gass i gassform som varmevekslingsmedium, en komprimeringsanordning (2) for å komprimere gassen, en første varmeveksler (3) for å kjøle den komprimerte gassen med bruk av LNG som strømmer ut fra tanken, en trykksenkningsanordning (4) for gassen og minst én andre varmeveksler (5a, 5b) for kjøling av minst ett tankpåfyllingsrør (9) og/eller LNG som fylles på tanken (7), idet den andre varmeveksler (5a) for kjøling av det minst ene tankpåfyllingsrøret (9) er en mantel som omgir minst en del av det minst ene tankpåfyllingsrøret (9).1. Installation comprising a tank (7) for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG) as marine fuel for use in a propulsion engine or other fuel-consuming device on a ship, and a heater (6) for vaporizing the LNG that flows out from the tank (7) for such use, characterized in that it comprises: a closed heat exchange loop (1) containing a gas in gaseous form as a heat exchange medium, a compression device (2) for compressing the gas, a first heat exchanger (3) for cooling the compressed gas using LNG flowing out from the tank, a pressure reduction device (4) for the gas and at least one second heat exchanger (5a, 5b) for cooling at least one tank filling pipe (9) and/or LNG that is filled on the tank (7), the second heat exchanger (5a) for cooling the at least one tank filling pipe (9) is a jacket which surrounds at least part of the at least one tank filling pipe (9). 2. Anlegg ifølge krav 1, der sløyfen (1) omfatter en gren med den andre varmeveksler (5b) for kjøling inne i tanken (7).2. Plant according to claim 1, where the loop (1) comprises a branch with the second heat exchanger (5b) for cooling inside the tank (7).
NO20092829A 2009-08-12 2009-08-12 Installations that include a tank for storing liquid natural gas NO336683B1 (en)

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NO20092829A NO336683B1 (en) 2009-08-12 2009-08-12 Installations that include a tank for storing liquid natural gas
EP10808415.3A EP2464563A4 (en) 2009-08-12 2010-08-06 A plant comprising a tank for storing of liquid natural gas (lng) as marine fuel
PCT/NO2010/000299 WO2011019284A1 (en) 2009-08-12 2010-08-06 A plant comprising a tank for storing of liquid natural gas (lng) as marine fuel

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KR102450533B1 (en) * 2018-01-25 2022-10-05 한국조선해양 주식회사 Volatile organic compounds treatment system and ship having the same
NO346152B1 (en) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-28 Rondane Teknologi As A system for conditioning of LNG
CN113357537B (en) * 2021-07-05 2023-02-21 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 Marine LNG filling system and operation method

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KR100804953B1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-02-20 대우조선해양 주식회사 Apparatus and method for reliquefying boil-off gas capable of refrigeration load variable operation
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