NO140106B - FIRE-RESISTANT POLYMER MIXTURE - Google Patents
FIRE-RESISTANT POLYMER MIXTURE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO140106B NO140106B NO255/73A NO25573A NO140106B NO 140106 B NO140106 B NO 140106B NO 255/73 A NO255/73 A NO 255/73A NO 25573 A NO25573 A NO 25573A NO 140106 B NO140106 B NO 140106B
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- Prior art keywords
- fire
- mixture
- tetrahydro
- polymer
- compounds
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- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052794 bromium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- RVVRZNVGDRBUJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18300-04-4 Chemical compound C12C(Br)C(Br)CC2C2(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl RVVRZNVGDRBUJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical group [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- BJAULXRYTFIKPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5-tribromo-1,7,8,9,10,10-hexachlorotricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-8-ene Chemical compound C12C(Br)C(Br)C(Br)C2C2(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl BJAULXRYTFIKPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DDXOEHQEGRBBGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dibromo-1,5,7,8,9,10,10-heptachlorotricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-8-ene Chemical compound BrC1C(C(C2C3(C(=C(C(C12)(C3(Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Br DDXOEHQEGRBBGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Polymers C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZKVXYBWBKQZTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ai3-27001 Chemical compound C12CCCC2C2(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl ZKVXYBWBKQZTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran;1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDRZFSPCVYEJTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylcyclohexene Chemical compound C=CC1=CCCCC1 SDRZFSPCVYEJTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCJMVGJKROQDCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC=CC(C)=C RCJMVGJKROQDCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBDKZWKEPDTENS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Vinylcyclohexene Chemical compound C=CC1CCC=CC1 BBDKZWKEPDTENS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical class [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940058905 antimony compound for treatment of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001463 antimony compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DRKYTUDHOKREMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ent 27,313 Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C2(Cl)C3CCC(Cl)C3C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl DRKYTUDHOKREMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=CC=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002896 organic halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/02—Halogenated hydrocarbons
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår nye brann-motstandsdyktige polymer— blandinger som inneholder som aktiv ingrediens en halogenert forbindelse. The invention relates to new fire-resistant polymer mixtures which contain as active ingredient a halogenated compound.
Det er kjent at brann-motstandsdyktigheten hos forskjellige polymere materialer kan økes ved tilsetning av forskjellige halogenerte organiske forbindelser som er avledet av polyhalogenert cyklopentadien. Det har nå blitt funnet at når visse av disse forbindelser inneholder både klor- og brom-substituenter, gir de uvanlig brann-motstandsdyktighet til brennbare polymerer når de tilsettes til dem. It is known that the fire resistance of various polymeric materials can be increased by the addition of various halogenated organic compounds which are derived from polyhalogenated cyclopentadiene. It has now been found that when certain of these compounds contain both chlorine and bromine substituents, they impart unusual fire resistance to flammable polymers when added to them.
Forbindelsene som har disse ønskelige brann-hemménde egenskaper, representeres ved den følgende strukturelle formel: The compounds having these desirable fire-retardant properties are represented by the following structural formula:
hvor X er hydrogen, klor eller brom. Ifølge oppfinnelsen til-veiebringes en brannmotstandsdyktig polymerblanding som karakteriseres ved at den omfatter en brennbar polymer og 5 til 50 where X is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine. According to the invention, a fire-resistant polymer mixture is provided which is characterized in that it comprises a combustible polymer and 5 to 50
vekt%, basert på blandingens totalvekt, av en halogenert for- % by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture, of a halogenated
bindelse med en struktur som er definert ved formel I. bond with a structure defined by formula I.
De halogenerte forbindelser som faller innen området for oppfinnelsen er 1,2-dibrom-4,5,6,7,8,8-heksaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetra-hydro-4,7-metanoindan, 1,2-dibrom-3,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metanoindan og 1,2,3-tribrom-4,5,6,7,8,8-heksaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metanoindan. The halogenated compounds that fall within the scope of the invention are 1,2-dibromo-4,5,6,7,8,8-hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane, 1, 2-dibromo-3,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindan and 1,2,3-tribromo-4,5,6, 7,8,8-Hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane.
De halogenerte forbindelser med formel I er, i tillegg til å vise uvanlige brannhemmende egenskaper, mindre toksiske og mer bionedbrytbare enn de nær beslektede forbindelser. The halogenated compounds of formula I are, in addition to showing unusual fire-retardant properties, less toxic and more biodegradable than the closely related compounds.
Fremstillingen av disse forbindelser er beskrevet i de følgende eksempler. The preparation of these compounds is described in the following examples.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
Fremstilling av 1, 2- dibrom- 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8- heksaklor- 3a, 4, 7, 7a-tetrahydro- 4, 7- metanoindan Preparation of 1, 2- dibromo- 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8- hexachloro- 3a, 4, 7, 7a-tetrahydro- 4, 7- methanoindane
4,5,6,7,8,8-heksaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metano-indan (170 g, 0,5 mol), ferriklorid (1 g) og karbontetraklorid (500 ml) ble tilsatt til en glassreaksjonskolbe utstyrt med en mekanisk omrører, termometer, tilbakeløpskjøler og tilsetningstrakt. Blandingen ble oppvarmet med tilbakeløp og en oppløsning av brom (80 g, 0,5 mol) i karbontetraklorid (100 ml) ble tilsatt dråpevis i løpet av ca. 1 time. Efter at tilsetningen var ferdig, ble omrøringen fortsatt i 1 time. Efter denne tiden ble reaksjonsblandingen behandlet med pulverformet, aktivert karbon. Karbonet ble så fjernet ved filtrering og filtratet ble befridd for løsningsmiddel i en rotasjonsfordamper. Resten ble rekrystallisert fra isopropylalkohol og ga det ønskede produkt 1,2-dibrom-4,5,6,7,8,8-heksaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metanoindan med et smeltepunkt på fra 123 til 130°C. 4,5,6,7,8,8-hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-indane (170 g, 0.5 mol), ferric chloride (1 g) and carbon tetrachloride (500 ml) was added to a glass reaction flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and addition funnel. The mixture was heated at reflux and a solution of bromine (80 g, 0.5 mol) in carbon tetrachloride (100 mL) was added dropwise over ca. 1 hour. After the addition was finished, stirring was continued for 1 hour. After this time, the reaction mixture was treated with powdered activated carbon. The carbon was then removed by filtration and the filtrate was freed of solvent in a rotary evaporator. The residue was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol to give the desired product 1,2-dibromo-4,5,6,7,8,8-hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane with a melting point of from 123 to 130°C.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
Fremstilling av 1, 2- dibrom- 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8- heptaklor- 3a, 4, 7, 7a-tetrahydro- 4, 7- metanoindan Preparation of 1, 2- dibromo- 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8- heptachloro- 3a, 4, 7, 7a-tetrahydro- 4, 7- methanoindane
3,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metanoindan (187 g, 0,5 mol), ferriklorid (1 g) og karbontetraklorid (500 ml) ble tilsatt til en glassreaksjonskolbe utstyrt med en mekanisk omrører, termometer, tilbakeløpskjøler og tilsetningstrakt. Blandingen ble oppvarmet med tilbakeløp,og en opp-løsning av brom (80 g, 0,5 mol) i karbontetraklorid (100 ml) ble tilsatt til den i løpet av ca. 2 timer. Efter denne tilsetning ble oppvarmningen fortsatt i ytterligere 1 time. Efter denne tid ble reaksjonsblandingen behandlet med aktivert, pulverformet karbon. 3,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane (187 g, 0.5 mol), ferric chloride (1 g) and carbon tetrachloride (500 ml) was added to a glass reaction flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and addition funnel. The mixture was heated at reflux and a solution of bromine (80 g, 0.5 mol) in carbon tetrachloride (100 ml) was added to it over ca. 2 hours. After this addition, the heating was continued for a further 1 hour. After this time, the reaction mixture was treated with activated, powdered carbon.
Karbonet ble så fjernet ved filtrering, og filtratet fordampet The carbon was then removed by filtration, and the filtrate evaporated
på en roterende fordamper. Resten ble omkrystallisert fra isopropylalkohol og ga det ønskede produkt 1,2-dibrom-3,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metanoindan som smelter ved 127-138°C. on a rotary evaporator. The residue was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol to give the desired product 1,2-dibromo-3,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane melting at 127-138°C.
Eksempel 3 Example 3
Fremstilling av 1, 2, 3- tribrom- 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8- heksaklor- 3a, 4, 7, 7a-tetrahydro- 4, 7- metanoindan Preparation of 1,2,3-tribromo-4,5,6,7,8,8-hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane
4,5,6,7,8,8-heksaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metano-indan (170 g, 0,5 mol), benzoylklorid (0,1 g) og karbontetraklorid ble tilsatt til en glassreaksjonskolbe med en mekanisk omrører, termometer, tilbakeløpskjøler og tilsetningstrakt. Denne blandingen ble oppvarmet med tilbakeløp,og en oppløsning av brom (80 g) i karbontetraklorid ble tilsatt efterhvert som farven forsvant. 4,5,6,7,8,8-hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-indane (170 g, 0.5 mol), benzoyl chloride (0.1 g) and carbon tetrachloride was added to a glass reaction flask with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and addition funnel. This mixture was heated at reflux and a solution of bromine (80 g) in carbon tetrachloride was added as the color disappeared.
Efter at denne tilsetning var avsluttet ble ferriklorid (1 g) tilsatt til blandingen og ytterligere brom (80 g) oppløst i karbontetraklorid (100 ml) ble tilsatt dråpevis i løpet av ca. 2 timer. Efter dette ble reaksjonsblandingen behandlet med pulverformet, aktivert karbon. Karbonet ble fjernet ved filtrering og filtratet ble befridd for løsningsmiddel i en rotasjonsfordamper. Resten ble omkrystallisert fra isopropylalkohol og ga det ønskede produkt 1,2,3-tribrom-4,5,6,7,8,8-heksaklor-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-metanoindan som smelter ved 140-149°C. After this addition was complete, ferric chloride (1 g) was added to the mixture and further bromine (80 g) dissolved in carbon tetrachloride (100 ml) was added dropwise over approx. 2 hours. After this, the reaction mixture was treated with powdered activated carbon. The carbon was removed by filtration and the filtrate was freed of solvent in a rotary evaporator. The residue was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol to give the desired product 1,2,3-tribromo-4,5,6,7,8,8-hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane melting at 140-149°C.
De halogenerte forbindelsene med formel I gir brann-motstandsdyktighet til brennbare polymerer ved å danne en intim blanding med dem. Denne blanding kan lett fremstilles ved en av de mange kjente metodene. De halogenerte forbindelsene kan eksempelvis innblandes i den brennbare polymeren mens den sist-nevnte er oppløst i et egnet løsningsmiddel. Denne fremgangsmåte er spesielt nyttig når det er ønsket å blande de halogenerte forbindelsene under fremstillingen av polymeren. Den halogenerte forbindelsen kan også blandes med den brennbare polymeren i smeltet tilstand ved en temperatur som kan variere fra smelte-punktet for polymeren til en temperatur like under spaltnings-temperaturen for polymeren. En annen metode for dannelse av en intim blanding omfatter tørrblanding av den halogenerte forbindelsen med polymeren i den endelige findelte formen. Derpå følgende støping eller ekstrudering av denne blandingen kan så resultere The halogenated compounds of formula I impart fire resistance to combustible polymers by forming an intimate mixture with them. This mixture can be easily prepared by one of the many known methods. The halogenated compounds can, for example, be mixed into the flammable polymer while the latter is dissolved in a suitable solvent. This method is particularly useful when it is desired to mix the halogenated compounds during the preparation of the polymer. The halogenated compound can also be mixed with the flammable polymer in a molten state at a temperature that can vary from the melting point of the polymer to a temperature just below the decomposition temperature of the polymer. Another method of forming an intimate mixture involves dry mixing the halogenated compound with the polymer in the final finely divided form. Then the following molding or extrusion of this mixture can then result
i en i det vesentlige homogen blanding. in a substantially homogeneous mixture.
Polymerblandingene ifølge oppfinnelsen inneholder fra The polymer mixtures according to the invention contain from
5 til 50 vekt% av én eller flere av de halogenerte forbindelsene med formel I. Den nøyaktige mengde halogenert forbindelse som anvendes, vil avhenge av slike faktorer som graden av ønsket brann-motstandsdyktighet, den spesielle brennbare polymer som brukes, sluttanvendelsen for det resulterende produkt og lignende. 5 to 50% by weight of one or more of the halogenated compounds of formula I. The exact amount of halogenated compound used will depend on such factors as the degree of fire resistance desired, the particular combustible polymer used, the end use of the resulting product and such.
De halogenerte forbindelser med formel I kan meddele brann-motstandsdyktighet til brennbare polymerer. Eksempler på slike polymerer som kan brukes i blanding med de halogenerte forbindelsene for å danne brann-motstandsdyktige polymerblandinger ifølge oppfinnelsen, er homopolymerer og kopolymerer av umettede alifatiske, cykloalifatiske og aromatiske hydrokarboner, som f.eks. polyetylen, polypropylen, polybuten, etylenpropylen-kopolymerer, kopolymerer av etylen eller propylen med andre olefiner, polybutadien, polymerer av butadien, polyisopren, polystyren, polyvinyliden, og polymerer av penten, heksen, hepten, okten, 2-metylpropen-l, 3-metylbuten-l, 4-metylpenten-1, 4-metylheksen-1, 5-metylheksen-l, bicykloheksen (2.2.1), pentadien, heksadien, 2,3-dimetylbutadien-l,3, 2-metylpentadien, vinylcykloheksen som f.eks. 4-vinylcykloheksen, cyklopentadien, metyl-styren og lignende. Andre nyttige polymerer omfatter inden-kumaronharpikser, polymerer av akrylatestere og polymerer av metakrylatestere, akrylat- og metakrylatharpikser som f.eks. etylakrylat, n-butylmetakrylat, isobutylmetakrylat, etylmetakrylat og metylmetakrylat, alkydharpikser, hydrokarbonharpikser fra petroleum, isobutylenharpikser,. polyuretaner, polyesterharpikser som f.eks. umettede polyestere av to-basiske syrer og dihydroksy-forbindelser, polyester-elastomerer, polyisobutylen, gummier som f.eks. naturgummi, syntetisk polyisopren, klorert gummi, polybutadien, cyklisert gummi, butadien-akrylonitrilgummi, butadien-styrengummi, butylgummi og neoprengummi, polystyren, terpen-harpikser, ureaharpikser, vinylharpikser som f.eks. polyvinyl-acetal, polyvinylacetat, vinylalkoholacetatkopolymer, polyvinyl-alkohol, polyvinylalkyleter, vinylmetyleter-maleinsyreanhydrid-kopolymer, polyvinylklorid, polyvinylbutyral, vinylkloridacetat-kopolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidon, vinylidenkloridkopolymerer og lignende. Ytterligere nyttige polymerer omfatter nylon, diallyl-ftalater og ftalatharpikser og polykarbonater. The halogenated compounds of formula I can impart fire resistance to combustible polymers. Examples of such polymers which can be used in admixture with the halogenated compounds to form fire-resistant polymer mixtures according to the invention are homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, copolymers of ethylene or propylene with other olefins, polybutadiene, polymers of butadiene, polyisoprene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene, and polymers of pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, 2-methylpropene-1, 3- methylbutene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, 4-methylhexene-1, 5-methylhexene-1, bicyclohexene (2.2.1), pentadiene, hexadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene-1,3, 2-methylpentadiene, vinylcyclohexene as f .ex. 4-vinylcyclohexene, cyclopentadiene, methylstyrene and the like. Other useful polymers include indene-coumarone resins, polymers of acrylate esters and polymers of methacrylate esters, acrylate and methacrylate resins such as ethyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate, alkyd resins, hydrocarbon resins from petroleum, isobutylene resins. polyurethanes, polyester resins such as unsaturated polyesters of dibasic acids and dihydroxy compounds, polyester elastomers, polyisobutylene, rubbers such as e.g. natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene, chlorinated rubber, polybutadiene, cyclized rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and neoprene rubber, polystyrene, terpene resins, urea resins, vinyl resins such as e.g. polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alkyl ether, vinyl methyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral, vinyl chloride acetate copolymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, vinylidene chloride copolymers and the like. Additional useful polymers include nylon, diallyl phthalates and phthalate resins and polycarbonates.
Polymerblandingene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan også The polymer mixtures according to the invention can also
inneholde hjelpemidler som sammen med de halogenerte forbindelsene forbedrer brann-motstandsdyktigheten og i noen tilfeller gir synergistiske resultater som ikke oppnås ved bruken av de indi-viduelle forbindelsene. Slike hjelpemidler kan omfatte antimon-forbindelser, som f.eks. antimontrioksyd, sinkborat, blyarsenater som f.eks. PbHAsO^ og lignende. Disse hjelpemidler kan omfatte fra ca. 1 til ca. 35 vekt% av hele polymerblandingen. contain auxiliaries which, together with the halogenated compounds, improve the fire resistance and in some cases give synergistic results which are not achieved by the use of the individual compounds. Such aids may include antimony compounds, such as e.g. antimony trioxide, zinc borate, lead arsenates such as PbHAsO^ and the like. These aids can include from approx. 1 to approx. 35% by weight of the entire polymer mixture.
Effektiviteten for de halogenerte forbindelser med The effectiveness for the halogenated compounds with
formel I som brannhemmere ble påvist i forsøk hvor brann-motstandsdyktige blandinger inneholdende de halogenerte forbindelsene og forskjellige brennbare polymerer ble utsatt for en antennelighets-test ved å bruke oksygen indeksmetoden. Antennelighetstesten ble utført ifølge den generelle fremgangsmåte som er angitt i detalj i ASTM D 2863-70 testmetode. Denne metode skaffer en fremgangsmåte for bestemmelse av den relative antennelighet for plaster ved å måle minimumkonsentrasjonen av oksygen uttrykt i volum% av en langsomt stigende blanding av oksygen og nitrogen som akkurat vil underholde forbrenning. Resultatene av disse forsøk er gjengitt i de følgende eksempler . I hvert av disse eksempler ble komponentene blandet i smeltet tilstand ved å bruke en deigblander. formula I as flame retardants were demonstrated in experiments where fire-resistant mixtures containing the halogenated compounds and various flammable polymers were subjected to a flammability test using the oxygen index method. The flammability test was performed according to the general procedure detailed in ASTM D 2863-70 test method. This method provides a method for determining the relative flammability of plastics by measuring the minimum concentration of oxygen expressed in % by volume of a slowly rising mixture of oxygen and nitrogen which will just entertain combustion. The results of these experiments are reproduced in the following examples. In each of these examples, the components were mixed in a molten state using a dough mixer.
De ovenstående data demonstrerer de brann-motstandsdyktige egenskapene hos blandingene ifølge oppfinnelsen. Det kan sees når de foranstående verdiene sammenlignes med standard oksygen-indeks for polyetylen og polystyren som er henholdsvis 17,4 The above data demonstrate the fire-resistant properties of the compositions according to the invention. It can be seen when the preceding values are compared with the standard oxygen index for polyethylene and polystyrene, which are respectively 17.4
og 18,1% (som publisert i Flammability Handbook for Plastics, Carlos Hilado, 1969) at de halogenerte forbindelser med formel I er meget effektive som flammehemmende midler for brennbare polymerer. and 18.1% (as published in the Flammability Handbook for Plastics, Carlos Hilado, 1969) that the halogenated compounds of formula I are very effective as flame retardants for flammable polymers.
Claims (2)
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US22873172A | 1972-02-23 | 1972-02-23 |
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NO140106B true NO140106B (en) | 1979-03-26 |
NO140106C NO140106C (en) | 1979-07-04 |
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NO255/73A NO140106C (en) | 1972-02-23 | 1973-01-22 | FIRE-RESISTANT POLYMER MIXTURE |
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JP (1) | JPS4897944A (en) |
AR (1) | AR194775A1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT325312B (en) |
AU (1) | AU461590B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE795744A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7301279D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1052927A (en) |
CH (1) | CH583266A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2308817A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2173013A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1396657A (en) |
IL (1) | IL41286A (en) |
IT (1) | IT977010B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7301284A (en) |
NO (1) | NO140106C (en) |
SE (1) | SE378829B (en) |
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FR2322900A1 (en) * | 1975-09-04 | 1977-04-01 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Flameproof polyester compsn. contg. gelling agent - pref. bentonite, to prevent molten droplets formation |
EP0085834B1 (en) * | 1982-01-25 | 1987-04-29 | General Electric Company | Colour inhibiting flame-retardant consisting of a stable halogenated organic compound and a boron compound |
JP2830464B2 (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1998-12-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
TWI312795B (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2009-08-01 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Flame retardants for plastics |
WO2014044614A1 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-03-27 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Use of biocides as flame retardants |
-
0
- BE BE795744D patent/BE795744A/en unknown
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1973
- 1973-01-09 AU AU50906/73A patent/AU461590B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-01-12 IL IL41286A patent/IL41286A/en unknown
- 1973-01-15 AR AR246116A patent/AR194775A1/en active
- 1973-01-16 ZA ZA730317A patent/ZA73317B/en unknown
- 1973-01-22 NO NO255/73A patent/NO140106C/en unknown
- 1973-01-22 IT IT47828/73A patent/IT977010B/en active
- 1973-01-30 NL NL7301284A patent/NL7301284A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-01-31 CH CH135573A patent/CH583266A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-02-06 JP JP48014376A patent/JPS4897944A/ja active Pending
- 1973-02-09 FR FR7304756A patent/FR2173013A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1973-02-21 BR BR731279A patent/BR7301279D0/en unknown
- 1973-02-22 GB GB867973A patent/GB1396657A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-22 DE DE19732308817 patent/DE2308817A1/en active Pending
- 1973-02-22 SE SE7302501A patent/SE378829B/xx unknown
- 1973-02-22 CA CA164,326A patent/CA1052927A/en not_active Expired
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FR2173013A1 (en) | 1973-10-05 |
AU461590B2 (en) | 1975-05-29 |
JPS4897944A (en) | 1973-12-13 |
NL7301284A (en) | 1973-08-27 |
IL41286A0 (en) | 1973-03-30 |
ZA73317B (en) | 1973-10-31 |
BR7301279D0 (en) | 1974-08-29 |
CA1052927A (en) | 1979-04-17 |
AT325312B (en) | 1975-10-10 |
AR194775A1 (en) | 1973-08-14 |
BE795744A (en) | 1973-06-18 |
IT977010B (en) | 1974-09-10 |
DE2308817A1 (en) | 1973-09-06 |
GB1396657A (en) | 1975-06-04 |
IL41286A (en) | 1976-02-29 |
CH583266A5 (en) | 1976-12-31 |
AU5090673A (en) | 1974-07-11 |
SE378829B (en) | 1975-09-15 |
NO140106C (en) | 1979-07-04 |
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