NO121124B - - Google Patents
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- NO121124B NO121124B NO167015A NO16701567A NO121124B NO 121124 B NO121124 B NO 121124B NO 167015 A NO167015 A NO 167015A NO 16701567 A NO16701567 A NO 16701567A NO 121124 B NO121124 B NO 121124B
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- ions
- acids
- voltage
- metal
- Prior art date
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 P04 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XMVQWNRDPAAMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+)-13-Cyclopent-2-enyl-tridecansaeure Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CCC=C1 XMVQWNRDPAAMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XMVQWNRDPAAMJB-QGZVFWFLSA-N (S)-chaulmoogric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC[C@H]1CCC=C1 XMVQWNRDPAAMJB-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000558306 Gynocardia odorata Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001179022 Hydnocarpus anthelminthicus Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KPVWDKBJLIDKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-L dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KPVWDKBJLIDKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZODDGFAZWTZOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.OS(O)(=O)=O ZODDGFAZWTZOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
- B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
- B07B7/086—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by the winding course of the gas stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
- B07B4/025—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall the material being slingered or fled out horizontally before falling, e.g. by dispersing elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
- B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
Landscapes
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til behandling av sterke syrer. Process for treating strong acids.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse går ut på The present invention is based on
en fremgangsmåte til behandling av sterke syrer som bevirker at således behandlede syrer kan forbli i lengre tid i berøring med metaller, spesielt jernmetaller, uten at vedkommende metall korroderes. a method for treating strong acids which means that acids thus treated can remain for a longer time in contact with metals, especially ferrous metals, without the metal in question corroding.
Man kjenner allerede tallrike stoffer Numerous substances are already known
til beising eller rensing av metaller, særlig jernmetaller, som vedkommende metall dyppes i et kort øyeblikk; de består som regel av en blanding av en fortynnet syre, som skal bevirke den egentlige beising, og en liten mengde av en inhibitor som skal hindre at metallet angripes av syren, eventuelt sammen med andre stoffer. for pickling or cleaning metals, especially ferrous metals, into which the metal in question is dipped for a short moment; they usually consist of a mixture of a diluted acid, which will cause the actual pickling, and a small amount of an inhibitor which will prevent the metal from being attacked by the acid, possibly together with other substances.
Som inhibitorer er det allerede blitt foreslått å anvende salter av fosforsyre. Men et metall som er blitt beiset på denne måte korroderes av syrer, særlig av konsentrerte syrer. As inhibitors, it has already been proposed to use salts of phosphoric acid. But a metal that has been pickled in this way is corroded by acids, especially concentrated acids.
Det er videre kjent at spesielt jernmetaller kan gis en overflatebeskyttelse ved fosfatisering. Men erfaring viser at jernholdige metaller som på denne måte har fått sin overflate beskyttet ved fosfatisering ikke er i stand til å motstå lengre tids korrosjonsinnvirkning av en konsentrert sterk syre (f. eks. salpetersyre). It is also known that ferrous metals in particular can be given a surface protection by phosphating. But experience shows that ferrous metals that have had their surface protected by phosphating in this way are not able to withstand the long-term corrosion effects of a concentrated strong acid (e.g. nitric acid).
Man har ofte søkt å løse det problem som består i å kunne holde en konsentrert syre (som skal anvendes til spesielle formål) i lengre tid — ofte årevis — i berøring med vegger av metall, særlig jernholdig metall. Dette gjelder spesielt når man ønsker å lagre f. eks. salpetersyre i en metallbeholder eller å la en slik syre sir-kulere i rør eller apparater av metall. Det er da nødvendig at vedkommende metall motstår korrosjon i lengst mulig tid for at man ikke altfor ofte skal måtte skifte ut de rørledninger eller apparater som syren er i berøring med, og for at syren ikke skal bli forurenset ved metallkorrosjon, slik at den ikke lenger egner seg for det spesielle formål den er bestemt for. People have often sought to solve the problem of being able to keep a concentrated acid (which is to be used for special purposes) for a long time — often years — in contact with metal walls, especially ferrous metal. This applies especially when you want to store e.g. nitric acid in a metal container or allowing such acid to circulate in metal pipes or appliances. It is then necessary that the metal in question resists corrosion for as long as possible so that the pipelines or devices that the acid is in contact with do not have to be replaced too often, and so that the acid is not contaminated by metal corrosion, so that it no longer suitable for the particular purpose for which it is intended.
Ansøkeren har funnet at begge disse fordringer kan oppfylles hvis man til vedkommende sterke syre setter en liten mengde P04-ioner, og eventuelt et spenningsaktivt stoff (som er stabilt like over- The applicant has found that both of these requirements can be met if a small amount of P04 ions are added to the strong acid in question, and possibly a voltage-active substance (which is stable over
for vedkommende syre). for the acid in question).
Det er bemerkelsesverdig, og det kunne slett ikke forutsees, at en således behandlet konsentrert syre ikke vil angripe metall-flater som den kan holdes i berøring med i lengre tid (f. eks. i årevis), slik at flatene ikke korroderes og syren holder seg helt ren og ellers bibeholder sine egenskaper. It is remarkable, and it could not be predicted at all, that a concentrated acid treated in this way will not attack metal surfaces with which it can be kept in contact for a long time (e.g. for years), so that the surfaces are not corroded and the acid lasts itself completely clean and otherwise retains its properties.
Tilsetning av spenningsaktivt stoff som er stabilt i vedkommende syre) er bare nødvendig hvis det metall som den behandlede syre skal komme i berøring med i lengre tid, ikke er blitt underkastet noen forutgående overflatefosfatisering. Det dannes da sannsynligvis en overflatefosfatisering av metallet ved berøringen med den således behandlede konsentrerte syre. Men det er bemerkelsesverdig at det således ved fosfatisering beskyttede metall motstår korrosjon ved lang tids berøring med konsentrert syre, på grunn av den for-håndsbehandling syren har fått. Det kunne ikke forutsees etter de erfaringer man Addition of a voltage-active substance that is stable in the relevant acid) is only necessary if the metal with which the treated acid is to come into contact for a longer period of time has not been subjected to any prior surface phosphatisation. A surface phosphatisation of the metal is then likely to form when it comes into contact with the concentrated acid treated in this way. But it is noteworthy that the metal thus protected by phosphatisation resists corrosion in long-term contact with concentrated acid, due to the pre-treatment the acid has received. It could not be predicted based on the experiences one has had
Oppfinnelsen beror på at man i vedkommende konsentrerte syre (som metallet tidligere har hatt. The invention is based on concentrated acid (which the metal previously had.
skal forbli i berøring med i lang tid) opp-rettholder en permanent «passivitets»-tilstand ved hjelp av P04-ioner som i liten mengde er blitt tilsatt vedkommende syre, eventuelt sammen med et spenningsaktivt stoff (som er stabilt i den syre det gjelder). must remain in contact with for a long time) maintains a permanent state of "passivity" with the help of P04 ions which have been added in small quantities to the acid in question, possibly together with a voltage-active substance (which is stable in the acid in question ).
Den konsentrerte syre, mot hvis korroderende virkning man således ønsker å beskytte metallet, kan f. eks. være salpetersyre, svovelsyre, saltsyre, fluorvannstoffsyre, kromsyre, hver enkelt alene eller i alle mulige kombinasjoner eller blandinger, som f. eks. svovelsyre-salpetersyreblanding-er eller svovelsyre-kromsyreblandinger. The concentrated acid, against whose corrosive effect one thus wants to protect the metal, can e.g. be nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, chromic acid, each individually or in all possible combinations or mixtures, such as e.g. sulfuric acid-nitric acid mixtures or sulfuric acid-chromic acid mixtures.
P04-ionene kan tilføres og løses opp i vedkommende konsentrerte syre i form av ortofosforsyre og/eller mono-, di- eller trimetallfosfat av f. eks. mangan, sink eller natrium, og/eller i form av organiske fosfater. The P04 ions can be added and dissolved in the respective concentrated acid in the form of orthophosphoric acid and/or mono-, di- or trimetallic phosphate of e.g. manganese, zinc or sodium, and/or in the form of organic phosphates.
Hvis man anvender ortofosforsyre alene oppnås de beste resultater ved å' til- If orthophosphoric acid is used alone, the best results are obtained by adding
sette ca. 0,5 vekts-% ortofosforsyre til den vedkommende konsentrerte syre. put approx. 0.5% by weight of orthophosphoric acid to the relevant concentrated acid.
Hvis den konsentrerte syre er salpetersyre, og hvis man eventuelt tilsetter et spenningsaktivt stoff, kan det sistnevnte f. eks. være nitrerte paraffiner, paraffin-syrer eller andre stoffer. If the concentrated acid is nitric acid, and if a voltage-active substance is optionally added, the latter can e.g. be nitrated paraffins, paraffinic acids or other substances.
Er den konsentrerte syre f. eks. saltsyre, svovelsyre eller en blanding av svovelsyre og kromsyre, kan man som spenningsaktivt stoff velge en ikke ionisk forbindelse. Is the concentrated acid e.g. hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or a mixture of sulfuric acid and chromic acid, a non-ionic compound can be chosen as voltage-active substance.
Mengden av spenningsaktivt stoff som settes til den konsentrerte syre er tilsatt P04-ioner, kan ligge mellom 0,25 og 2 vekts-%. The amount of voltage-active substance that is added to the concentrated acid to which P04 ions have been added can be between 0.25 and 2% by weight.
Den nedenstående tabell viser resultat-ene som ble oppnådd når man i 1 måned utsatte prøvestykker, 25 X 10 X 2 store, av stål/<25>CD 4S, som enten var ubehandlet (kolonne 1, 2 og. 5) eller var forhånds-behandlet ved overflatefosfatisering, for innvirkning av 98 %'s salpetersyre. The table below shows the results obtained when 25 X 10 X 2 large steel/<25>CD 4S test pieces were exposed for 1 month, which were either untreated (columns 1, 2 and 5) or were previously - treated by surface phosphatisation, for the action of 98% nitric acid.
De anvendte prøvestykker var sveiset i argon til bæremetall av samme art. Det benyttede spenningsaktivestoff var nitrert chaulmoograsyre (se nedenfor). The test pieces used were welded in argon to a base metal of the same type. The voltage active agent used was nitrated chaulmoogric acid (see below).
Det sees at det beste resultat ble oppnådd ved å passivere den konsentrerte syre ved hjelp av P04-ioner og etter forutgående fosfatiseringsbehandling av vedkommende metall (kolonne 4). It can be seen that the best result was obtained by passivating the concentrated acid with the help of P04 ions and after prior phosphating treatment of the metal in question (column 4).
For metall som ikke var forhånds- For metal that was not pre-
behandlet ved fosfatisering ble et meget godt resultat oppnådd ved passivering av den konsentrerte syre med P04-ioner tilsatt et spenningsaktivt stoff (kolonne 2). treated by phosphating, a very good result was obtained by passivating the concentrated acid with P04 ions added to a voltage-active substance (column 2).
Den nedenstående tabell viser vekttapet (% av gram stoff) hos forskjellige metaller, som var ubehandlet eller var blitt underkastes en forhåndsfosfatisering, etter 1 måneds opphold i kold 98 %'s salpetersyre: The table below shows the weight loss (% of grams of substance) of various metals, which were untreated or had been subjected to a preliminary phosphatisation, after 1 month's stay in cold 98% nitric acid:
Nedenfor skal det gis et eksempel på hvorledes korrosjonsangrep av salpetersyre av 48° Be på et stål 25 CD 4S, som var blitt underkastet en forutgående overflatefosfatisering (kolonne 3 i den første tabell) hindres. An example will be given below of how the corrosion attack of nitric acid of 48° Be on a steel 25 CD 4S, which had been subjected to a previous surface phosphatization (column 3 in the first table) is prevented.
Stålstykket av 25 CD 4S-stål blir først avfettet med aceton og deretter beiset 4 timer i en 10 volum-%'s vandig svovelsyre. Deretter skylles det med destillert vann og anbringes i 1 time og ved vanlig temperatur i et fosfatiseringsbad som har følgende sammensetning (volum-%): The steel piece of 25 CD 4S steel is first degreased with acetone and then pickled for 4 hours in a 10% by volume aqueous sulfuric acid. It is then rinsed with distilled water and placed for 1 hour and at normal temperature in a phosphating bath which has the following composition (% by volume):
Prøvestykket tas ut av væsken, vaskes med destillert vann og tørkes. Det veies og blir deretter anbrakt i passivert salpetersyre som er blitt tilberedt på følgende måte: Salpetersyren tilsettes en beregnet mengde ren 85%'s ortofosforsyre, slik at man får en salpetersyre som inneholder nøyaktig 0,50 vekts % ortofosforsyre. Væ-skene blander seg fullstendig. Deretter tilsetter man til denne blanding 1% nitrert chaulmoograsyre som er blitt tilberedt på følgende måte: Chaulmoograsyre settes i små porsjoner til salpetersyre av 48° Be, avkjølt i isbad, i en mengde av 20 g chaulmoograsyre pr. liter salpetersyre. Når re-aksjonen er ferdig, dvs. når all fettsyren er løst opp og enhver varmeutvikling er opphørt, nøytraliseres overskuddet av salpetersyre med en konsentrert oppløsning av kaustisk soda. Det dannes da et over-liggende rødaktig lag som man renser ved å ekstrahere det med eter og å fordampe oppløsningsmidlet. Det erholdte produkt har spenningsaktive egenskaper og er svakt surt. The sample is removed from the liquid, washed with distilled water and dried. It is weighed and then placed in passivated nitric acid which has been prepared in the following way: The nitric acid is added to a calculated amount of pure 85% orthophosphoric acid, so that a nitric acid containing exactly 0.50% by weight of orthophosphoric acid is obtained. The liquids mix completely. Next, 1% nitrated chaulmoogra acid is added to this mixture, which has been prepared in the following way: Chaulmoogra acid is added in small portions to nitric acid of 48° Be, cooled in an ice bath, in an amount of 20 g of chaulmoogra acid per liters of nitric acid. When the reaction is finished, i.e. when all the fatty acid has dissolved and any heat generation has ceased, the excess nitric acid is neutralized with a concentrated solution of caustic soda. An overlying reddish layer is then formed which is purified by extracting it with ether and evaporating the solvent. The product obtained has stress-active properties and is slightly acidic.
Beholderen, hvori den således passi-verte salpetersyre og prøvestykket av fos-fatert 25 CD 4S-stål er anbrakt, får stå 1 måned uten påvirkning av lys, og ved vanlig temperatur (fra + 10 til + 25°C). Deretter tas prøvestykket ut, vaskes grun-dig med strømmende vann, deretter med destillert vann, og tørkes. Det veies pånytt og vekttapet regnes ut (0,30%). The container, in which the thus passivated nitric acid and the test piece of phosphated 25 CD 4S steel are placed, is allowed to stand for 1 month without the influence of light, and at normal temperature (from + 10 to + 25°C). The test piece is then taken out, washed thoroughly with running water, then with distilled water, and dried. It is weighed again and the weight loss is calculated (0.30%).
Ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen kan man spesielt beskytte alle slags jernholdige metaller og lette legeringer, samt sink. Det skal bemerkes at i engelsk patent nr. 429.816 er det foreslått å innføre et korroderende stoff, nemlig HC1, i et over-skudd av fosforsyre, for at kobber ikke skal •bli angrepet. Fra engelsk patent nr. 714.496 er det kjent å tilsette P04-ioner til den svake syre maursyre, og patentet an-går å hindre korrosjon av rustfritt stål. With the method according to the invention, all kinds of ferrous metals and light alloys, as well as zinc, can be particularly protected. It should be noted that in English patent no. 429,816 it is proposed to introduce a corrosive substance, namely HC1, into an excess of phosphoric acid, so that copper will not be attacked. From English patent no. 714,496 it is known to add P04 ions to the weak acid formic acid, and the patent relates to preventing corrosion of stainless steel.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEW41066A DE1240374B (en) | 1966-03-03 | 1966-03-03 | Circulating air separator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO121124B true NO121124B (en) | 1971-01-18 |
Family
ID=7602697
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO167015A NO121124B (en) | 1966-03-03 | 1967-02-24 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3483973A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH441958A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1240374B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1513042A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1105339A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO121124B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE301079B (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1757819B1 (en) * | 1968-06-19 | 1972-02-03 | Polysius Ag | Air separator |
| DE1910501C3 (en) * | 1969-03-01 | 1980-01-31 | Paul 4000 Duesseldorf Bernutat | Circulating air classifier |
| US3620370A (en) * | 1969-06-02 | 1971-11-16 | Rue E Swayze | Ore concentrator |
| DE2101956C2 (en) * | 1971-01-16 | 1984-06-07 | Wedag Westfalia Dinnendahl Gröppel AG, 4630 Bochum | Air classifier for minerals, esp. cement - incorporates drying shaft for coarse fraction |
| CA1005363A (en) * | 1972-06-12 | 1977-02-15 | Robin E. Schaller | Vortex forming apparatus and method |
| JPS51147059A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1976-12-17 | Nobuo Yoshimori | Apparatus for classification |
| IT1171172B (en) * | 1983-06-03 | 1987-06-10 | Umberto Manola | DEVICE PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR PLANTS USED FOR THE PHYSICAL SEPARATION OF FLOUR COMPONENTS FOR FOOD USE OR FOR OTHER USES |
| DE3339063A1 (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-05-09 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Centrifugal separator |
| CN1100625C (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 2003-02-05 | 石川岛播磨重工业株式会社 | Classifier |
| US5858237A (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 1999-01-12 | Natural Resources Canada | Hydrocyclone for separating immiscible fluids and removing suspended solids |
| DE102006044833B4 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2010-01-21 | Babcock Borsig Service Gmbh | Centrifugal separator and method for sifting |
| US9211547B2 (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2015-12-15 | Lp Amina Llc | Classifier |
| US10744436B2 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2020-08-18 | Air Control Techniques, P.C. | Particulate separator for the removal of large particulate matter from ventilation system air streams |
| CN109647591B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2022-02-18 | 鑫明星环保科技有限公司 | Novel powder concentrator |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2823801A (en) * | 1956-07-06 | 1958-02-18 | Menzies Engineering Company | Recovery of coal |
| US2966265A (en) * | 1957-07-18 | 1960-12-27 | Westfalia Dinnendahl | Air-circulation classifier |
| US3095369A (en) * | 1961-06-14 | 1963-06-25 | Westfalia Dinnendahl | Air-circulation classifier |
-
1966
- 1966-03-03 DE DEW41066A patent/DE1240374B/en active Pending
- 1966-12-19 CH CH1807766A patent/CH441958A/en unknown
-
1967
- 1967-01-10 SE SE336/67A patent/SE301079B/xx unknown
- 1967-01-12 GB GB1740/67A patent/GB1105339A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-02-24 NO NO167015A patent/NO121124B/no unknown
- 1967-03-02 US US620050A patent/US3483973A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1967-03-03 FR FR97372A patent/FR1513042A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1513042A (en) | 1968-02-09 |
| GB1105339A (en) | 1968-03-06 |
| DE1240374B (en) | 1967-05-11 |
| CH441958A (en) | 1967-08-15 |
| SE301079B (en) | 1968-05-20 |
| US3483973A (en) | 1969-12-16 |
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