NL2026697A - Gray water footprint calculation method for non-point source influenced river reach - Google Patents

Gray water footprint calculation method for non-point source influenced river reach Download PDF

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NL2026697A
NL2026697A NL2026697A NL2026697A NL2026697A NL 2026697 A NL2026697 A NL 2026697A NL 2026697 A NL2026697 A NL 2026697A NL 2026697 A NL2026697 A NL 2026697A NL 2026697 A NL2026697 A NL 2026697A
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point source
river
water footprint
pollutants
water
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Chen Yan
Ma Shuqin
Jia Ruining
Yang Zhongwen
Xia Rui
Hao Cailian
Yang Chen
Zhang Yuan
Zhang Kai
Wang Xiao
Wang Lu
Hou Xikang
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Chinese Res Acad Env Sciences
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a grey water footprint calculation method for a non-point 5 source influenced river reach, comprising the following steps: obtaining basic data of a to-be- calculated non-point source influenced river reach; extracting grey water footprint calculation parameters from the basic data; calculating the grey water footprint of the to-be-calculated non- point source influenced river reach based on the grey water footprint calculation parameters through a non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula, wherein the non-point source 10 grey water footprint calculation formula is obtained based on the transfer and transformation mechanism of a non-point source influenced load, the migration and attenuation effect of a non- point source pollutant entering the river along a river bank and in a river course, and a response relationship between a non-point source pollution load and the water quality of a control section. The grey water footprint calculation method for the non-point source influenced river reach 15 provided by embodiments of the present invention can reflect the migration and transformation process of the non-point source pollutant after discharging and entering the river, finely measure the temporal and spatial changes of the grey water footprint, and reduce the calculation error of the grey water footprint for the non-point source influenced river reach.

Description

GRAY WATER FOOTPRINT CALCULATION METHOD FOR NON-POINT SOURCE
INFLUENCED RIVER REACH Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of water environment protection, and particularly to a grey water footprint calculation method for a non-point source influenced river reach. Background Grey water footprint (GWF) is an index related to water pollution, and characterizes the environmental impact of the economic and social pollutant discharge process on rivers, lakes and other water bodies. The GWF is generally defined as the volume of fresh water required to dilute a certain pollution load to be higher than a certain environmental water quality standard based on the natural background concentration and the existing environmental water quality standards. Therefore, based on the GWF calculation, the consumption of the pollution receiving capacity of the natural water bodies caused by pollutant discharge can be quantitatively evaluated, that is, the pressure effect on the water environment. Water footprint evaluation quantifies the impact of pollutant discharge on the water bodies as water volume, which can intuitively reflect the stress degree of water pollution on water resources and water environment. According to the "Water Footprint Evaluation Manual" published by the National Water Footprint Network, the degree and the scale of water pollution are considered to be reflected by the amount of fresh water required to dilute pollutants to be harmless. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Load GWF = Ps = Pn In the formula, GWF is the grey water footprint (m®/year); Load is pollutant discharge quantity (kg/year); ps is the water quality standard concentration (kg/m?) of the pollutants; and pn is the natural background water quality concentration (kg/m?) of a receiving water body. In the prior art, the mechanism of the river water pollution process under non-point source discharge is insufficiently considered. The above method uses the amount of water required to dilute the pollutants to the water quality standard as the pollutant discharge water footprint. However, in practice, the non-point source pollution load is continuously moved and reduced with the water flow after being discharged from the side of the water course to the water body. Water environment management is mainly used to assess whether the water body reaches the standard or meets the water environment function for a fixed water quality section. Therefore, the above method cannot reflect the migration and transformation process of the non-point source pollutant after discharging and entering the river, influences the reliability of the water footprint calculation result, is difficult to finely measure the temporal and spatial changes of the grey water footprint, and cannot effectively quantify the grey water footprint of the non-point source load discharge in such a small-scale unit. 3
Summary Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the technical problems that the prior art cannot reflect the migration and transformation process of the non-point source pollutant after discharging and entering the river and is difficult to finely measure the temporal and spatial changes of the grey water footprint, so as to provide a grey water footprint calculation method for a non-point source influenced river reach.
To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Embodiments of the present invention provide a grey water footprint calculation method for a non-point source influenced river reach, comprising the following steps: obtaining basic data of a to-be-calculated non-point source influenced river reach; extracting grey water footprint calculation parameters from the basic data; calculating the grey water footprint of the to-be- calculated non-point source influenced river reach based on the grey water footprint calculation parameters through a non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula, wherein the non- point source grey water footprint calculation formula is obtained based on the transfer and transformation mechanism of a non-point source influenced load, the migration and attenuation effect of a non-point source pollutant entering the river along a river bank and in a river course, and a response relationship between a non-point source pollution load and the water quality of a control section.
In an embodiment, the basic data comprises: spatial data, pollution data and hydrological data, wherein the spatial data comprises water course position information and a river reach control section position; the pollution data comprises pollutant discharge quantity, a background concentration of incoming water, and water quality standards of the control section; the hydrological data comprises flow velocity of the river reach.
In an embodiment, the grey water footprint calculation parameters comprise: the background concentration of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of a reference section, a water environment quality standard concentration of pollutants in the control section, a comprehensive attenuation coefficient of pollutants, distance from the control section to the reference section, and a design average flow velocity of the river reach. In an embodiment, the non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula is: 1-R Mp GWF ps = pa wherein GWFnps is a flow rate of the grey water footprint, and M is the non-point source pollutant discharge quantity of the river reach; R is a cumulative attenuation coefficient of pollutants along the way; Cs is the water environment quality standard concentration of pollutants in the control section; | is the design average flow velocity of the river reach; Co is the background concentration of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of the reference section; k is the comprehensive attenuation coefficient of pollutants; and x is the distance from the control section to the reference section.
In an embodiment, the cumulative attenuation coefficient R of pollutants along the way is represented by the following formula: Xx . R=exp (-k oe) wherein k is the comprehensive attenuation coefficient of pollutants; x is the distance from the control section to the reference section; and J is the design average flow velocity of the river reach.
In an embodiment, the comprehensive attenuation coefficient k of pollutants is determined by an analytical borrowing method or a measuring method.
The present invention provides a grey water footprint calculation method for a non-point source influenced river reach, comprising the following steps: obtaining basic data of a to-be- calculated non-point source influenced river reach; extracting grey water footprint calculation parameters from the basic data; calculating the grey water footprint of the to-be-calculated non- point source influenced river reach based on the grey water footprint calculation parameters through a non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula, wherein the non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula is obtained based on the transfer and transformation mechanism of a non-point source influenced load, the migration and attenuation effect of a non- point source pollutant entering the river along a river bank and in a river course, and a response relationship between a non-point source pollution load and the water quality of a control section. The grey water footprint calculation method for the non-point source influenced river reach provided by the present invention solves the problem that the non-point source pollution load is continuously moved and reduced with the water flow after being discharged from the side of the water course to the water body with respect to the influence of the non-point source pollution on the water quality of the control river reach within the year on both banks of the river by using a water course non-point source influenced load migration and transformation equation, can reflect the migration and transformation process of the non-point source pollutant after discharging and entering the river, finely measures the temporal and spatial changes of the grey water footprint, and reduces the error of the grey water footprint of the non-point source influenced river reach.
Description of Drawings To more clearly describe the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention or in prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be simply presented below. Apparently, the drawings in the following description are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and for those ordinary skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without contributing creative labour.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of calculation for grey water footprints of non-point source pollutant discharge provided in the embodiments of the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a specific example of a grey water footprint calculation method for a non-point source influenced river reach provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and fully described below in combination with the drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those ordinary skilled in the art without contributing creative labour will belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted in the description of the present invention that terms such as “central”, "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate direction or position relationships shown based on the drawings, and are only intended to facilitate the description of the present invention and the simplification of the description rather than to indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific direction or constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, shall not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.
In addition, the terms such as "first", "second" and "third" are only used for the purpose of description, rather than being understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
It should be noted in the explanation of the present invention that, unless otherwise specifically regulated and defined, terms such as "installation," "connected," and "connecting" shall be understood in broad sense, and for example, may refer to fixed connection or detachable connection or integral connection, may refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection, may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium or inner communication of two elements, and may refer to wireless connection or wired connection. For those ordinary skilled in the art, the meanings of the above terms in the present invention may be understood according to specific conditions.
In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as no conflict exists.
Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention provide a grey water footprint calculation method for a non-point source influenced river reach. Taking the non-point source pollutant discharge process of a certain river reach as an example, and taking the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of typical pollutants as an example, the grey water footprint is calculated. As shown in Fig. 2, the calculation method comprises the following steps: Step S1: obtaining basic data of a to-be-calculated non-point source influenced river reach.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the basic data comprises: spatial data, pollution data and hydrological data, wherein the spatial data comprises water course position information and a river reach control section position; the pollution data comprises pollutant discharge quantity, a background concentration of incoming water, and water quality standards of the control 5 section; and the hydrological data comprises flow velocity of the to-be-calculated river reach, as shown in the table below: Oa digital elevation model (DEM) water course hydrological / u } .shp file It is required to check with the position extraction, / / actual water course, a pollutant Spatial data drainage map or / discharge outlet, and the GIS data control section position control section environmental / m / oo value (longitude position of the river | statistics or field / and latitude) reach Survey Generally, field monitoring or / environmental calculation by the product of pollutant discharge oo | / it statistics or field value (g/d) he pollutant discharge quantity, uanti a y monitoring per unit area and land use area is required.
Generally, the management objectives of the water function query of the / zones on the upstream river background management Pollution data / oo reach are used as a basis, and concentration of |objectives of water| value (mg/L) | / / / / if necessary, field monitoring incoming water function zones or can be conducted to obtain field monitoring background concentration data. water quality query of the standard of the management / oo value (mg/L) control section |objectives of water function zones historical monitoring data of | daily values for neighbouring ten years or / / hydrological monitoring value Hydrological data flow velocity / / stations, field of river reach monitoring data or| during a level hydrological period (m/s) simulation
Step S2: extracting grey water footprint calculation parameters from the basic data.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the grey water footprint calculation parameters comprise: the background concentration of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of a reference section, a water environment quality standard concentration of pollutants in the control section, a comprehensive attenuation coefficient of pollutants, distance from the control section to the reference section, and a design average flow velocity of the river reach, wherein The background concentration (Co, mg/L) of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of a reference section is determined according to the background concentration data of the incoming water in the collected pollution data of the reference section.
The water environment quality standard concentration (Cs, mg/L) of pollutants in the control section is determined according to the water quality standard of the control section in the collected pollution data.
The comprehensive attenuation coefficient (k, 1/d) of pollutants is determined by an analytical borrowing method or a measuring method. In the analytical borrowing method, the relevant calculated data in the previous work and research of the water area is analyzed and inspected, and then used. When there is no calculated data of the water area, the data of adjacent rivers with similar water power characteristics, pollution situations and geographical and meteorological conditions can be borrowed. The degradation coefficient of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) is generally 0.10-0.14/d. In the measuring method, a sub-river reach with a straight water course, stable water flow, no tributary in the middle, and no pollutant discharge outlet in the middle of the calculating river reach is selected; sampling points are respectively set in the upstream (point A) and downstream (point B) of the sub-river reach to monitor the pollutant concentration value; at the same time, the hydrological parameters are tested to determine the average flow velocity of the section; and the following formula is used for calculation: k =86.42In%2, L Ep In the formula, k is the comprehensive attenuation coefficient of pollutants, 1/d; Ca is the pollutant concentration of the upper section, mg/L; Cg is the pollutant concentration of the lower section, mg/L; L is the length of the sub-river reach, km; and v is the average flow velocity of the sub-river reach, km/d.
The distance (x, m) from the control section to the reference section is based on the collected drainage shp format data, pollutant discharge outlet and control section position data. The embodiments of the present invention use ArcGIS software tools to identify the distribution of the water course from the pollutant discharge outlet (reference section) to the control section, and calculate the actual length of the river reach based on the ArcGIS geographic analysis function. For the design average flow velocity of the river reach (u, m/s), the collected historical monitored average flow velocity of adjacent hydrological stations in the high water period of ten years the design average flow velocity is used as the design average flow velocity.
For the hydrological stations that are distant or have no historical monitoring situation, the field monitoring can be used for the high water period to obtain the design average flow velocity.
Step S3: calculating the grey water footprint of the to-be-calculated non-point source influenced river reach based on the grey water footprint calculation parameters through a non- point source grey water footprint calculation formula, wherein the non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula is obtained based on the transfer and transformation mechanism of a non-point source influenced load, the migration and attenuation effect of a non-point source pollutant entering the river along a river bank and in a river course, and a response relationship between a non-point source pollution load and the water quality of a control section.
In the embodiments of the present invention, the non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula is: / 1-R Mu GWP ips = TT wherein GWF‚ps is a flow rate of the grey water footprint, and M is the non-point source pollutant discharge quantity of the river reach; R is a cumulative attenuation coefficient of pollutants along the way; Cs is the water environment quality standard concentration of pollutants in the control section; u is the design average flow velocity of the river reach; Co is the background concentration of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of the reference section; k is the comprehensive attenuation coefficient of pollutants; and x is the distance from the control section to the reference section.
The non-point source grey water footprint calculation formula is obtained by inverse transformation of formula Co=CR+2(1~R) Sd 7 Ee The transformation of the formula is based on the mathematical expression that the non- point source load is mainly discharged from the bank of the water course into the river, and then the pollutants are migrated vertically along the river and transformed into a steady or quasi-steady state.
The mathematical expression is C(x) = CoR+2(1 = R) In the embodiments of the present invention, the cumulative attenuation coefficient R of pollutants along the way is represented by the following formula: x R= exp (=k ZES)
wherein k is the comprehensive attenuation coefficient of pollutants; x is the distance from the control section to the reference section; and p is the design average flow velocity of the river reach. In a specific embodiment, the background concentration of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of the reference section is 30 mg/L according to the background concentration of the incoming water in the collected pollution data of the reference section. The water environment quality standard concentration of pollutants in the control section is determined as surface water class V according to the water quality standard of the control section in the collected pollution data. The COD concentration is 40 mg/L. For the comprehensive attenuation coefficient (k, 1/d) of pollutants, the COD degradation coefficient of the river reach is determined as 0.12/d by analyzing the borrowed relevant document data through the analytical borrowing method. The distance from the control section to the reference section is based on the collected drainage shp format data, pollutant discharge outlet and control section position data. The actual length of the river reach is calculated as 15200 m based on the ArcGIS geographic analysis function. For the design average flow velocity of the river reach (u, m/s}, the average flow velocity is acquired as
0.3 m/s with respect to the field monitoring results of the high water period. The grey water footprint is calculated based on the collected grey water footprint calculation parameters: GWE, ome = € tcf 0000 40~30xR 0.12x15200 ‚ 2 R = exp(-0.12 EE) 86400X0.3 Through calculation, the calculation result of the grey water footprint generated by that the non-point source load (1 300 000 g/d) on the river reach enters the river is 1.208881 m?/s, which can be further converted into 104274.5 m3/d on the day scale. It indicates that when the water quality goal of the control section of the water course is COD 40mg/L, after the non-point source influenced load (1 300 000g/d) on the river reach is discharged along the river and diluted sufficiently, the flow rate of the upstream incoming water of the reference section required for migration and attenuation to satisfy the water environment quality standard of the control section is 1.206881 m®s (background concentration is COD 30mg/L). Further, after checking with the measured upper and lower section data and non-point source pollutant discharge quantity data of the river reach, it is found that the results of the calculation method are basically consistent with the average flow rate of the river reach under the same scenario, which can verify the scientificity of the method. According to the traditional grey water footprint calculation formula that only considers the dilution effect of the pollutants, the calculation result is as follows:
GWE ina == = 130000 m*/d + method It can be seen that the grey water footprint calculated by the original method is higher than the calculation result of the method of the present invention, which is inconsistent with the reality.
Because the migration and transformation process of the non-point source load along the river and in the river is not considered, the original calculation method cannot spatially consider the differential calculation under the water quality standard conditions of different river reaches and different sections and the calculation results are more extensive.
According to the grey water footprint results calculated by the calculation method provided by the present invention, in the water environment management application, the average flow rate of the river reach during the load discharge period can be ensured to reach 1.206881 m®s (or
104274.5 m?/d) through water volume scheduling or water source conservation according to the non-point source discharge intensity, so as to satisfy the water quality standards of the downstream control section and provide a basis for the formulation of refined water environment management and control working programs.
The grey water footprint calculation method for the non-point source influenced river reach provided by the present invention solves the problem that the non-point source pollution load is continuously moved and reduced with the water flow after being discharged from the side of the water course to the water body with respect to the influence of the non-point source pollution on the water quality of the control river reach within the year on both banks of the river by using a water course non-point source influenced load migration and transformation equation, can reflect the migration and transformation process of the non-point source pollutant after discharging and entering the river, finely measures the temporal and spatial changes of the grey water footprint, and reduces the calculation error of the grey water footprint of the non-point source influenced river reach.
Apparently, the above embodiments are only examples made for clear description, and do not define the embodiments. For those ordinary skilled in the art, other variations or changes in other forms can also be made based on the above description. Not all of the embodiments are enumerated herein. Apparent variations or changes derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Een werkwijze voor het berekenen van een voetafdruk van grijs water voor een niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied, welke werkwijze de volgende stappen omvat: — het verkrijgen van basisgegevens van een te berekenen niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied; — het uit de basisgegevens extraheren van de parameters voor de berekening van de voetafdruk van grijs water; — berekening van de voetafdruk van grijs water voor het te berekenen niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied op basis van de parameters voor de berekening van de voetafdruk van grijs water met behulp van een formule voor het berekenen een voetafdruk van grijs water zonder puntbron, waarbij de formule voor het berekenen een voetafdruk van grijs water zonder puntbron wordt verkregen op basis van het overdrachts- en transformatiemechanisme van een niet door een puntbron beïnvloede belasting, het migratie- en dempingseffect van een niet door een puntbron beïnvloede verontreiniging die langs een rivieroever en in een rivierloop in de rivier terechtkomt, en een responsrelatie tussen een niet door een puntbron beïnvloede verontreinigingsbelasting en de waterkwaliteit van een controlesectie.A method for calculating a gray water footprint for a river area unaffected by a point source, the method comprising the steps of: - obtaining basic data of a river area unaffected by a point source to be calculated; — extracting the parameters for calculating the gray water footprint from the basic data; — calculation of the gray water footprint for the river area not affected by a point source to be calculated based on the parameters for the calculation of the gray water footprint using a formula for calculating a gray water footprint without a point source, where the formula for calculating a gray water footprint without a point source is obtained from the transfer and transformation mechanism of a load unaffected by a point source, the migration and damping effect of a pollution unaffected by a point source that flows along a riverbank and in a rivercourse enters the river, and a response relationship between a pollution load not influenced by a point source and the water quality of a control section. 2. De werkwijze voor het berekenen van een voetafdruk van grijs water voor een niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de basisgegevens ruimtelijke gegevens, verontreinigingsgegevens en hydrologische gegevens omvatten, waarbij — de ruimtelijke gegevens informatie over de positie van de waterloop en de positie van een beheerssectie van het riviergebied omvatten; — de verontreinigingsgegevens de hoeveelheid geloosde verontreinigende stoffen, een achtergrondconcentratie van binnenkomend water en de waterkwaliteitsnormen van de beheerssectie omvatten; — de hydrologische gegevens de stroomsnelheid van het riviergebied omvatten.The method for calculating a gray water footprint for a river area unaffected by a point source according to claim 1, wherein the master data includes spatial data, pollution data and hydrological data, wherein - the spatial data includes information about the position of the watercourse and include the position of a management section of the river area; — the pollution data includes the amount of pollutants discharged, a background concentration of incoming water and the water quality standards of the management section; — the hydrological data include the flow rate of the river area. 3. De werkwijze voor het berekenen van een voetafdruk van grijs water voor een niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied volgens conclusie 2, waarbij de parameters voor het berekenen van de voetafdruk van grijs water omvatten: de achtergrondconcentratie van verontreinigende stoffen in het stroomopwaarts gelegen inkomende water van een referentiesectie, een water-The method for calculating a gray water footprint for a river area unaffected by a point source according to claim 2, wherein the parameters for calculating the gray water footprint comprise: the background concentration of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of a reference section, a water omgevingskwaliteitsnormconcentratie van verontreinigende stoffen in de beheerssectie, een volledige dempingscoéfficiént van verontreinigende stoffen, de afstand van de beheerssectie tot de referentiesectie, en een ontwerp-gemiddelde stroomsnelheid van het riviergebied.environmental quality standard concentration of pollutants in the control section, a full damping coefficient of pollutants, the distance from the control section to the reference section, and a design mean flow rate of the river area. 4. De werkwijze voor het berekenen van een voetafdruk van grijs water voor een niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de formule voor het berekenen een voetafdruk van grijs water zonder puntbron luidt: GWF ‚ps = tt waarbij GWF ps staat voor een stroomsnelheid van de voetafdruk van het grijze water, en M staat voor de hoeveelheid niet door een puntbron geloosde verontreinigende stoffen in het riviergebied; R staat voor een cumulatieve dempingscoéfficiént van verontreinigende stoffen onderweg is; Cs staat voor de water-omgevingskwaliteitsnormconcentratie van verontreinigende stoffen in het beheersgebied is; u staat voor de ontwerp-gemiddelde stroomsnelheid van het riviergebied; Co staat voor de achtergrondconcentratie van verontreinigende stoffen in het stroomopwaarts gelegen inkomende water van het referentiegebied; k staat voor de volledige dempingscoéfficiént van verontreinigende stoffen; en x staat voor de afstand vanaf de beheerssectie tot de referentiesectie.The method for calculating a gray water footprint for a river area unaffected by a point source according to claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating a gray water footprint without a point source is: GWF ‚ps = tt where GWF ps is a flow rate of the gray water footprint, and M is the amount of pollutants not discharged from a point source into the river area; R represents a cumulative damping coefficient of pollutants underway; Cs stands for the water-environmental quality standard concentration of contaminants in the management area; u represents the design mean flow rate of the river area; Co denotes the background concentration of pollutants in the upstream incoming water of the reference area; k stands for the full damping coefficient of pollutants; and x represents the distance from the management section to the reference section. 5. De werkwijze voor het berekenen van een voetafdruk van grijs water voor een niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied volgens conclusie 3, waarbij de cumulatieve dempingscoéfficiént R van verontreinigende stoffen langs de weg wordt weergegeven met de volgende formule: R= exp (=k LLP 86400u waarbij k staat voor de totale dempingscoéfficiént van de verontreinigende stoffen; x staat voor de afstand vanaf de beheerssectie tot de referentiesectie; en u staat voor de ontwerp-gemiddelde stroomsnelheid van het riviergebied.The method for calculating a gray water footprint for a river area unaffected by a point source according to claim 3, wherein the cumulative damping coefficient R of roadside pollutants is represented by the following formula: R= exp (=k LLP 86400u where k is the total damping coefficient of the pollutants, x is the distance from the control section to the reference section, and u is the design mean flow rate of the river area. 6. De werkwijze voor het berekenen van een voetafdruk van grijs water voor een niet door een puntbron beïnvloed riviergebied volgens conclusie 4, waarbij de totale dempingscoëfficiënt k van de verontreinigende stoffen wordt bepaald door een analytische leenmethode of een meetmethode.The method for calculating a gray water footprint for a river area unaffected by a point source according to claim 4, wherein the total damping coefficient k of the pollutants is determined by an analytical borrowing method or a measuring method.
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