LU500900B1

LU500900B1 - System and method for treating human and livestock excrement

Info

Publication number: LU500900B1
Application number: LU500900A
Authority: LU
Inventors: Renlan Liu; Ye Tang; Jintao Zhang; Derong Xiao; Min Zhao; Hainan Kong; Wenjuan Han; Xiangyong Zheng; Zhiquan Wang; Suqing Wu; Ke Bei; Chuanjun Dai; Chunzhen Fan; Zhan Jin; Bentuo Xu
Original assignee: Univ Wenzhou
Priority date: 2021-08-24
Filing date: 2021-11-24
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Also published as: ZA202109233B; CN113735372A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for treating human and livestock excrement, including: an excrement collection system having a feces collection unit and a urine collection unit; a feces treatment system having a feces dry distillation treatment unit or a feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit, for treating feces collected by the feces collection unit to produce biochar; a urine treatment system having a urine pretreatment unit, a constructed wetland unit and a wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit, wherein the urine pretreatment unit is used to treat a urine mixed solution collected by the urine collection unit to produce struvite crystals, the constructed wetland unit is used to purify excess tail water after the treatment of the urine pretreatment unit, and the wetland plant dry distillation unit is used to produce biochar from wetland plants after the tail water is treated, and to treat human and livestock excrement in feces and urine. The present invention further relates to a method for treating human excrement and a method for treating livestock excrement.

Description

BL-5326 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TREATING HUMAN AND LIVESTOCK LL500900

EXCREMENT TECHNICAL FIELD

[01] The present invention relates to the field of environmental engineering, and particularly to a system and method for treating human and livestock excrement.

BACKGROUND ART

[02] At present, most domestic sewage is treated in the traditional way in China, that is, the sewage is collected through pipelines and then delivered to the sewage treatment plant for unified treatment.

[03] Human feces and urine are also treated in the traditional way in China. Most of the toilets are flush toilets, in which urine and feces are mixed without source separation, and then uniformly delivered to the sewage treatment plant through pipelines for treatment. This treatment method has the following shortcomings: (1) the construction costs of sewage treatment process facilities and sewage pipe networks are high; (2) sewage often needs power during the delivery, which increases the operating cost; (3) the sewage is prone to leakage when delivered in the pipe networks, causing pollution; and (4) the centralized treatment method makes it necessary to rebuild pipe networks or deliver the reclaimed water for reuse, which increases the cost of reuse. Therefore, with the emergence of water shortage and the current economic conditions of China, especially aiming at the sewage treatment for decentralized domestic sewage sources (such as residential communities, rural areas, small towns, schools, and even households), the promotion is difficult and the treatment effect is poor when the traditional centralized treatment mode for urban domestic sewage is applied.

[04] In addition, mixed living of humans and animals and multiple piles of animal dung are very common in hospitals and the like, parasitic diseases and intestinal infectious diseases attack frequently, and the infection rate of roundworms in children is as high as 70%. A large amount of evidence shows that the contact with livestock and feces is the main source of pathogen infection in young children. In low-income rural areas, the pollution of animal feces is widespread, and villagers’ voluntary removal of poultry and animal feces is common. The feces that have not been harmlessly treated are the main habitat for breeding disease vectors such as mosquitoes, which leads to the spread of diseases and seriously affects people’s health. Pollutants produced by the decomposition of livestock excrement pollute the environment and spread diseases. Untreated livestock feces are piled randomly to cause the loss of a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, and are discharged into rivers and lakes along with surface runoff to cause eutrophication of water bodies.

[05] Studies have shown that the comprehensive utilization of livestock feces in China is less than 60% each year, and the pollution of livestock feces has become the main source of agricultural pollution. During agricultural production, the ecological connection between planting and breeding is cut off artificially, resulting in the inability to return the feces to the field, or the long distance of returning to the field. Due to the factors such as large labor input and high cost of applying organic fertilizers, farmers 1

BL-5326 are less enthusiastic about using organic fertilizers. Because chemical fertilizers can LU500900 increase production quickly and are easy to apply, more and more people use chemical fertilizers. Relevant investigations show that large-scale farms are generally equipped with waste treatment facilities in strict accordance with the requirements to realize resource utilization of livestock feces. Farmers in individual farms are unable and unwilling to equip livestock feces treatment facilities. Many individual farms are scattered and have difficulty in collecting waste. The direct discharge of feces pollutes the environment, causing serious environmental pollution problems.

[06] At present, the widely used livestock feces treatment technologies mainly include physical, chemical and biological methods. Anaerobic fermentation and composting are widely used methods, with the advantages of low treatment cost, high efficiency, stable operation and simple process. According to relevant investigations, currently the main modes for the treatment and utilization of livestock feces include: returning to the soil for fertility, constructing biogas digesters, developing ecological agriculture and animal husbandry, etc. The mode of returning to the soil for fertility is to build a feces reservoir matching the breeding scale to return feces to the field on spot. This mode has the advantages of low investment and simplicity, and is thus widely used in China. However, natural composting occupies a large area and has low efficiency. The mode of constructing biogas digesters uses livestock feces to generate biogas, and kills most of the pathogenic microorganisms in the feces through biogas fermentation to reduce the occurrence and spread of zoonotic diseases. The mode of developing ecological agriculture and animal husbandry refers to that livestock feces, biogas slurry, and sewage are temporarily stored in farms and then directly transported to planting bases by pipelines or vehicles. However, regardless of the above-mentioned modes, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases will be generated during the treatment, and the final result of their treatment process is that the carbon increase fails to meet the negative carbon or neutral carbon emission standards, while making feces into biochar can achieve the expected effect of negative carbon. Although the patent with publication number CN109354515A considers mixing biochar with human and livestock feces and preparing same into organic fertilizers, there are still carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions during the treatment, which fails to meet the neutral carbon emission standards; and the treatment process also does not consider the recycling of urine.

SUMMARY

[07] An objective of the present invention: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a system for treating human and livestock excrement, which can simultaneously treat feces and urine.

[08] The technical solution of the present invention: a system for treating human and livestock excrement, including:

[09] an excrement collection system having a feces collection unit and a urine collection unit;

[10] a feces treatment system having a dry distillation treatment unit or a feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit, for treating feces collected by the feces 2

BL-5326 collection unit to produce biochar; and LU500900

[11] a urine treatment system having a urine pretreatment unit, a constructed wetland unit and a wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit,

[12] wherein the urine pretreatment unit is used to treat a urine mixed solution collected by the urine collection unit to produce struvite crystals, the constructed wetland unit is used to purify excess tail water after the treatment of the urine pretreatment unit, and the wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit is used to produce biochar from wetland plants after the tail water is treated,

[13] wherein treatment wastewater generated during the treatment by the feces dry distillation treatment unit or the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit is discharged to the urine collection unit, and treatment wastewater generated during the treatment by the wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit is discharged to the urine collection unit.

[14] A further solution of the present invention is: the system further includes a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation of feces, and the feces dry distillation treatment unit dry-distills the solid part after the solid-liquid separation, at a temperature of 500-580°C.

[15] A further solution of the present invention is: the treatment temperature of the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit is 180-250°C.

[16] A further solution of the present invention is: the molar ratio of Mg”: NH”: PO4* in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1 through the urine pretreatment unit, and a precipitation reaction occurs when the pH value is 7 to 11 to generate struvite.

[17] A further solution of the present invention is: the constructed wetland unit is planted with two or more wetland plants among marsh plants, emergent plants, floating-leaf plants, floating plants, and submerged plants.

[18] A further solution of the present invention is: the constructed wetland unit purifies the excess tail water and discharges same after reaching the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996).

[19] A further solution of the present invention is: the treatment temperature of the wetland plant dry distillation unit is 500-580°C, the reaction time is 1 to 2 h, and the dry distillation treatment device is a batch reactor.

[20] A further solution of the present invention is: two sets of excrement collection systems are adopted, respectively a human excrement collection system and a livestock excrement collection system.

[21] Another objective of the present invention: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a treatment method, which can simultaneously treat human feces and urine.

[22] The technical solution of the present invention: a method for treating human excrement, using the system for treating human and livestock excrement, the excrement collection system being used to collect human excrement, and the method including the following steps:

[23] 1, separating human excrement sources into two parts: feces and flushing water thereof, and urine and flushing water thereof, collecting the feces and flushing water thereof by the feces collection unit, and collecting the urine and flushing water thereof 3

BL-5326 by the urine collection unit; LU500900

[24] 2, performing solid-liquid separation on the feces and flushing water thereof collected by the feces collection unit in step 1 to obtain solid and liquid parts; discharging the liquid part to the urine collection unit, performing dry distillation treatment on the solid part by the dry distillation treatment unit at 500-580°C to obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit;

[25] 3, performing dry and wet separation on the feces and flushing water thereof collected by the feces collection unit in step 1 to obtain dry and liquid parts, wherein the dry part has a moisture content of 70-85%; discharging the liquid part to the urine collection unit, performing hydrothermal synthesis treatment on the dry part by the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit at 180-250°C to obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the hydrothermal synthesis treatment to the urine collection unit;

[26] 4, measuring the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus content of the urine mixed solution in the urine collection unit, and adding Mg?” to the urine mixed solution so that the molar ratio of Mg”: NH**: PO,” in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1, wherein when the pH value is 7 to 11, the mixed solution undergoes precipitation reaction to generate struvite;

[27] 5, filtering the struvite in the urine mixed solution of step 4 to obtain excess tail water, and introducing the tail water into the constructed wetland unit, the tail water flowing at a position of 0.1 to 0.6 m from the soil surface of the constructed wetland unit; absorbing carbon and phosphorus in the tail water by wetland plants, wherein the removal efficiency of phosphorus is more than 90%, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is more than 95%, and the removal efficiency of COD is more than 90%; discharging the tail water that reaches the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996); and

[28] ©, processing the wetland plants in step 5 into powder and putting same into the batch reactor of the wetland plant dry distillation unit, then introducing inert gas for purging to isolate air, performing dry distillation treatment at 500-580°C to obtain biochar after reacting for 1 to 2 h, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit,

[29] wherein either step 2 or step 3 is carried out.

[30] Yet another objective of the present invention: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a treatment method, which can simultaneously treat livestock feces and urine.

[31] The technical solution of the present invention: a method for treating livestock excrement, using the system for treating human and livestock excrement, the excrement collection system being used to collect livestock excrement, and the method including the following steps:

[32] 1, performing solid-liquid separation on livestock excrement and flushing water thereof to obtain solid and liquid parts, collecting the solid part by the feces collection unit, and collecting the liquid part by the urine collection unit;

[33] 2, performing dry distillation treatment on the solid part collected by the feces 4

BL-5326 collection unit in step 1 through the dry distillation treatment unit at 500-580°C to LU500900 obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit;

[34] 3, performing hydrothermal synthesis treatment on the solid part collected by the feces collection unit in step 1 through the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit at 180-250°C to obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the hydrothermal synthesis treatment to the urine collection unit;

[35] 4, measuring the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus content of the urine mixed solution in the urine collection unit, and adding Mg?” to the urine mixed solution so that the molar ratio of Mg”: NH**: PO,” in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1, wherein when the pH value is 7 to 11, the mixed solution undergoes precipitation reaction to generate struvite;

[36] 5, filtering the struvite in the urine mixed solution of step 4 to obtain excess tail water, and introducing the tail water into the constructed wetland unit, the tail water flowing at a position of 0.1 to 0.6 m from the soil surface of the constructed wetland unit; absorbing carbon and phosphorus in the tail water by wetland plants, wherein the removal efficiency of phosphorus is more than 90%, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is more than 95%, and the removal efficiency of COD is more than 90%; discharging the tail water that reaches the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996); and

[37] ©, processing the wetland plants in step 5 into powder and putting same into the batch reactor of the wetland plant dry distillation unit, then introducing inert gas for purging to isolate air, performing dry distillation treatment at 500-580°C to obtain biochar after reacting for 1 to 2 h, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit,

[38] wherein either step 2 or step 3 is carried out.

[39] By adopting the above solutions, the present invention achieves the following technical effects:

[40] Resource utilization of human and livestock feces and urine is realized, the negative carbon emission of the treatment process is realized, and the emission of a large amount of greenhouse gases is reduced compared with the traditional treatment process.

[41] 1. The excrement is separated into two parts for treatment, which reduces the difficulty of pollutant treatment and improves the resource utilization efficiency of feces and urine.

[42] 2. The feces are treated by the feces treatment system, the product after the dry distillation or hydrothermal synthesis of feces is made into biochar under the condition of isolating air as a fertilizer for agricultural use, and a large amount of carbon is fixed during the treatment, which not only realizes negative carbon emission, but also opens up a new way to realize the resource utilization of feces; the cooled treatment waste liquid flows back to the urine collection unit, which reduces the generation of pollutants and realizes resource utilization.

[43] 3. The urine mixed solution is treatment by the urine pretreatment system to form struvite crystals as a fertilizer for agricultural use. Compared with the traditional

BL-5326 centralized treatment of a large number of sewage pipe networks, the treatment cost is LU500900 greatly reduced, and resource utilization of the urine and recycling of phosphorus are realized.

[44] 4. The remaining tail water is treated with constructed wetland, and the components such as carbon, phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen in the tail water are fixed by matrix adsorption, chemical precipitation, microbial activity, absorption of plants and algae, etc., and the wetland plants are harvested and dry-distilled to form biochar for agricultural use, which also provides a new way for the resource utilization of plant residues.

[45] 5. During the treatment of excrement and flushing water, the carbon in feces and urine is always fixed and used as resources, which reduces the production of carbon dioxide, achieves negative carbon, and is of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality in the treatment process; meanwhile, the carbon, phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen in the urine mixed solution can be treated, which reduces the production of pollutants and realizes resource utilization.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[46] FIG 1 is a block diagram of an operation process of a method for treating human excrement in an embodiment of the present invention.

[47] FIG 2 is a block diagram of an operation process of a method for treating livestock excrement in an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[48] A system for treating human and livestock excrement includes:

[49] an excrement collection system having a feces collection unit and a urine collection unit;

[50] a feces treatment system having a dry distillation treatment unit or a feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit, for treating feces collected by the feces collection unit to produce biochar; and

[51] a urine treatment system having a urine pretreatment unit, a constructed wetland unit and a wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit,

[52] wherein the urine pretreatment unit is used to treat a urine mixed solution collected by the urine collection unit to produce struvite crystals, the constructed wetland unit is used to purify excess tail water after the treatment of the urine pretreatment unit, and the wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit is used to produce biochar from wetland plants after the tail water is treated,

[53] wherein treatment wastewater generated during the treatment by the feces dry distillation treatment unit or the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit is discharged to the urine collection unit, and treatment wastewater generated during the treatment by the wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit is discharged to the urine collection unit.

[54] Specifically, the system further includes a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation of feces, and the feces dry distillation treatment unit dry-distills the solid part after the solid-liquid separation, at a temperature of S00-580°C.

6

BL-5326

[55] Specifically, the treatment temperature of the feces hydrothermal synthesis LU500900 treatment unit is 180-250°C.

[56] Specifically, the molar ratio of Mg”: NH”: PO,” in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1 through the urine pretreatment unit, and a precipitation reaction occurs when the pH value is 7 to 11 to generate struvite.

[57] Specifically, the constructed wetland unit is planted with two or more wetland plants among marsh plants, emergent plants, floating-leaf plants, floating plants, and submerged plants.

[58] Specifically, the constructed wetland unit purifies the excess tail water and discharges same after reaching the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996).

[59] Specifically, the treatment temperature of the wetland plant dry distillation unit is 500-580°C, the reaction time is 1 to 2 h, and the dry distillation treatment device is a batch reactor.

[60] Specifically, two sets of excrement collection systems are adopted, respectively a human excrement collection system and a livestock excrement collection system.

[61] As shown in FIG 1, a method for treating human excrement according to the present invention uses the system for treating human and livestock excrement, the excrement collection system is used to collect human excrement, and the method includes the following steps:

[62] 1, human excrement sources are separated into two parts: feces and flushing water thereof, and urine and flushing water thereof, the feces and flushing water thereof are collected by the feces collection unit, and the urine and flushing water thereof are collected by the urine collection unit;

[63] 2, solid-liquid separation is performed on the feces and flushing water thereof collected by the feces collection unit in step 1 to obtain solid and liquid parts; the liquid part is discharged to the urine collection unit, dry distillation treatment is performed on the solid part by the dry distillation treatment unit at S00-580°C to obtain biochar, and treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment is discharged to the urine collection unit;

[64] 3, dry and wet separation is performed on the feces and flushing water thereof collected by the feces collection unit in step 1 to obtain dry and liquid parts, wherein the dry part has a moisture content of 70-85%; the liquid part is discharged to the urine collection unit, hydrothermal synthesis treatment is performed on the dry part by the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit at 180-250°C to obtain biochar, and treatment wastewater generated during the hydrothermal synthesis treatment is discharged to the urine collection unit;

[65] 4, the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus content of the urine mixed solution in the urine collection unit is measured, and Mg** is added to the urine mixed solution so that the molar ratio of Mg**: NH*": PO4* in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1, wherein when the pH value is 7 to 11, the mixed solution undergoes precipitation reaction to generate struvite;

[66] 5, the struvite in the urine mixed solution of step 4 is filtered to obtain excess tail water, and the tail water is introduced into the constructed wetland unit, the tail 7

BL-5326 water flowing at a position of 0.1 to 0.6 m from the soil surface of the constructed LU500900 wetland unit; carbon and phosphorus in the tail water are absorbed by wetland plants, wherein the removal efficiency of phosphorus is more than 90%, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is more than 95%, and the removal efficiency of COD is more than 90%; the tail water that reaches the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996) is discharged,

[67] 6, the wetland plants in step 5 are processed into powder, the powder is put into the batch reactor of the wetland plant dry distillation unit, then inert gas is introduced for purging to isolate air, dry distillation treatment is performed at 500-580°C to obtain biochar after reacting for 1 to 2 h, and treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment is discharged to the urine collection unit;

[68] Either step 2 or step 3 is carried out.

[69] As shown in FIG 2, a method for treating livestock excrement according to the present invention uses the system for treating human and livestock excrement, the excrement collection system is used to collect livestock excrement, and the method includes the following steps:

[70] 1, solid-liquid separation is performed on livestock excrement and flushing water thereof to obtain solid and liquid parts, the solid part is collected by the feces collection unit, and the liquid part is collected by the urine collection unit;

[71] 2, dry distillation treatment is performed on the solid part collected by the feces collection unit in step 1 through the dry distillation treatment unit at 500-580°C to obtain biochar, and treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment is discharged to the urine collection unit;

[72] 3, hydrothermal synthesis treatment is performed on the solid part collected by the feces collection unit in step 1 through the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit at 180-250°C to obtain biochar, and treatment wastewater generated during the hydrothermal synthesis treatment is discharged to the urine collection unit;

[73] 4, the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus content of the urine mixed solution in the urine collection unit is measured, and Mg** is added to the urine mixed solution so that the molar ratio of Mg**: NH*": PO4* in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1, wherein when the pH value is 7 to 11, the mixed solution undergoes precipitation reaction to generate struvite;

[74] 5, the struvite in the urine mixed solution of step 4 is filtered to obtain excess tail water, and the tail water is introduced into the constructed wetland unit, the tail water flowing at a position of 0.1 to 0.6 m from the soil surface of the constructed wetland unit; carbon and phosphorus in the tail water are absorbed by wetland plants, wherein the removal efficiency of phosphorus is more than 90%, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is more than 95%, and the removal efficiency of COD is more than 90%; the tail water that reaches the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996) is discharged,

[75] 6, the wetland plants in step 5 are processed into powder, the powder is put into the batch reactor of the wetland plant dry distillation unit, then inert gas is introduced for purging to isolate air, dry distillation treatment is performed at 500-580°C to obtain biochar after reacting for 1 to 2 h, and treatment wastewater generated during the dry 8

BL-5326 distillation treatment is discharged to the urine collection unit; LU500900

[76] Either step 2 or step 3 is carried out.

[77] The human or livestock excrement is separated into two parts for treatment, which reduces the difficulty of pollutant treatment and improves the resource utilization efficiency of feces and urine. The feces are treated by the feces treatment system under the condition of isolating air to obtain biochar as a fertilizer for agricultural use, which realizes the removal of carbon from the feces; the cooled liquid flows back to the urine treatment unit, which reduces the generation of pollutants and realizes resource utilization; the urine mixed solution is treatment by the urine pretreatment system to form struvite crystals as a fertilizer for agricultural use; the remaining tail water is treated with constructed wetland, and the components such as carbon, phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen in the tail water are fixed by matrix adsorption, chemical precipitation, microbial activity, absorption of plants and algae, etc., and the wetland plants are harvested and dry-distilled to form biochar for agricultural use, which realizes resource utilization of urine.

[78] During the treatment of human excrement and flushing water, the carbon in feces and urine is always fixed and used as resources, which reduces the production of carbon dioxide, achieves negative carbon, and is of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality in the treatment process; meanwhile, the carbon, phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen in the urine mixed solution can be treated, which reduces the production of pollutants and realizes resource utilization.

[79] Of course, the above-mentioned human excrement and livestock excrement can also be treated at the same time by a set of system for treating human and livestock excrement, which has two sets of excrement collection systems, respectively a human excrement collection system and a livestock excrement collection system.

[80] Specifically,

[81] The marsh plants are at least one of humidogene Iris tectorum, Acorus calamus, Arundo donax, and Carex;

[82] The emergent plants are at least one of lotus, Lythrum salicaria, Acorus calamus, Scirpus validus Vahl, rattans, Typha orientalis, and Phragmites australis;

[83] The floating-leaf plants are at least one of Victoria regia, Nymphaea tetragona, Nuphar pumilum, Euryale ferox, and Enteromorpha prolifera;

[84] The floating plants are at least one of Lemna minor, Azolla imbricata, Hydrocharis dubia, Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia natans, Eichhornia crassipes, and Ceratopteris thalictroides;

[85] The submerged plants are at least one of Ottelia acuminata, Hydrilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum demersum, Vallisneria natans, Batrachium bungei, and Myriophyllum verticillatum.

9

Claims

BL-5326 WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: LUS00900 I. A system for treating human and livestock excrement, characterized by comprising: an excrement collection system having a feces collection unit and a urine collection unit; a feces treatment system having a feces dry distillation treatment unit or a feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit, for treating feces collected by the feces collection unit to produce biochar; and a urine treatment system having a urine pretreatment unit, a constructed wetland unit and a wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit, wherein the urine pretreatment unit is used to treat a urine mixed solution collected by the urine collection unit to produce struvite crystals, the constructed wetland unit is used to purify excess tail water after the treatment of the urine pretreatment unit, and the wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit is used to produce biochar from wetland plants after the tail water is treated, wherein treatment wastewater generated during the treatment by the feces dry distillation treatment unit or the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit is discharged to the urine collection unit, and treatment wastewater generated during the treatment by the wetland plant dry distillation treatment unit is discharged to the urine collection unit.
2. The system for treating human and livestock excrement according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation of feces, wherein the feces dry distillation treatment unit dry-distills the solid part after the solid-liquid separation, at a temperature of 500-S80°C.
3. The system for treating human and livestock excrement according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment temperature of the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit is 180-250°C.
4. The system for treating human and livestock excrement according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio of Mg**: NH*": PO4* in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1 through the urine pretreatment unit, and a precipitation reaction occurs when the pH value is 7 to 11 to generate struvite.
5. The system for treating human and livestock excrement according to claim 1, characterized in that the constructed wetland unit is planted with two or more wetland plants among marsh plants, emergent plants, floating-leaf plants, floating plants, and submerged plants.
6. The system for treating human and livestock excrement according to claim 5, characterized in that the constructed wetland unit purifies the excess tail water and discharges same after reaching the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996).
7. The system for treating human and livestock excrement according to claim 5, characterized in that the treatment temperature of the wetland plant dry distillation unit is 500-580°C, the reaction time is 1 to 2 h, and the dry distillation treatment device is a batch reactor.

BL-5326
8. The system for treating human and livestock excrement according to claim 1, LU500900 characterized in that two sets of excrement collection systems are adopted, respectively a human excrement collection system and a livestock excrement collection system.
9. A method for treating human excrement, characterized by using the system for treating human and livestock excrement according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the excrement collection system is used to collect human excrement, and the method comprises the following steps: first, separating human excrement sources into two parts: feces and flushing water thereof, and urine and flushing water thereof, collecting the feces and flushing water thereof by the feces collection unit, and collecting the urine and flushing water thereof by the urine collection unit; second, performing solid-liquid separation on the feces and flushing water thereof collected by the feces collection unit in the first step to obtain solid and liquid parts; discharging the liquid part to the urine collection unit, performing dry distillation treatment on the solid part by the dry distillation treatment unit at 500-580°C to obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit; third, performing dry and wet separation on the feces and flushing water thereof collected by the feces collection unit in the first step to obtain dry and liquid parts, wherein the dry part has a moisture content of 70-85%; discharging the liquid part to the urine collection unit, performing hydrothermal synthesis treatment on the dry part by the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit at 180-250°C to obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the hydrothermal synthesis treatment to the urine collection unit; fourth, measuring the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus content of the urine mixed solution in the urine collection unit, and adding Mg?” to the urine mixed solution so that the molar ratio of Mg”: NH": PO," in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1, wherein when the pH value is 7 to 11, the mixed solution undergoes precipitation reaction to generate struvite; fifth, filtering the struvite in the urine mixed solution of the fourth step to obtain excess tail water, and introducing the tail water into the constructed wetland unit, the tail water flowing at a position of 0.1 to 0.6 m from the soil surface of the constructed wetland unit; absorbing carbon and phosphorus in the tail water by wetland plants, wherein the removal efficiency of phosphorus is more than 90%, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is more than 95%, and the removal efficiency of COD is more than 90%; discharging the tail water that reaches the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996); and sixth, processing the wetland plants in the fifth step into powder and putting same into the batch reactor of the wetland plant dry distillation unit, then introducing inert gas for purging to isolate air, performing dry distillation treatment at 500-580°C to obtain biochar after reacting for 1 to 2 h, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit, wherein either the second or third step is carried out.
10. A method for treating livestock excrement, characterized by using the system 11

BL-5326 for treating human and livestock excrement according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein LU500900 the excrement collection system is used to collect livestock excrement, and the method comprises the following steps: first, performing solid-liquid separation on livestock excrement and flushing water thereof to obtain solid and liquid parts, collecting the solid part by the feces collection unit, and collecting the liquid part by the urine collection unit; second, performing dry distillation treatment on the solid part collected by the feces collection unit in the first step through the dry distillation treatment unit at 500-580°C to obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit; third, performing hydrothermal synthesis treatment on the solid part collected by the feces collection unit in the first step through the feces hydrothermal synthesis treatment unit at 180-250°C to obtain biochar, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the hydrothermal synthesis treatment to the urine collection unit; fourth, measuring the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus content of the urine mixed solution in the urine collection unit, and adding Mg?” to the urine mixed solution so that the molar ratio of Mg”: NH": PO," in the urine mixed solution is 1: 1: 1, wherein when the pH value is 7 to 11, the mixed solution undergoes precipitation reaction to generate struvite; fifth, filtering the struvite in the urine mixed solution of the fourth step to obtain excess tail water, and introducing the tail water into the constructed wetland unit, the tail water flowing at a position of 0.1 to 0.6 m from the soil surface of the constructed wetland unit; absorbing carbon and phosphorus in the tail water by wetland plants, wherein the removal efficiency of phosphorus is more than 90%, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen is more than 95%, and the removal efficiency of COD is more than 90%; discharging the tail water that reaches the first-level discharge standard of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996); and sixth, processing the wetland plants in the fifth step into powder and putting same into the batch reactor of the wetland plant dry distillation unit, then introducing inert gas for purging to isolate air, performing dry distillation treatment at 500-580°C to obtain biochar after reacting for 1 to 2 h, and discharging treatment wastewater generated during the dry distillation treatment to the urine collection unit, wherein either the second or third step is carried out.

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