KR950011450B1 - Thermoplastic resin composition and its preparation process - Google Patents

Thermoplastic resin composition and its preparation process Download PDF

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KR950011450B1
KR950011450B1 KR1019920024529A KR920024529A KR950011450B1 KR 950011450 B1 KR950011450 B1 KR 950011450B1 KR 1019920024529 A KR1019920024529 A KR 1019920024529A KR 920024529 A KR920024529 A KR 920024529A KR 950011450 B1 KR950011450 B1 KR 950011450B1
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weight
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monomer
acid
latex
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KR940014469A (en
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최장현
김정호
한종순
김하길
강원길
김윤환
박홍섭
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주식회사미원유화
이덕림
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F279/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group C08F36/00
    • C08F279/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group C08F36/00 on to polymers of conjugated dienes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F279/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group C08F36/00
    • C08F279/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group C08F36/00 on to polymers of conjugated dienes
    • C08F279/04Vinyl aromatic monomers and nitriles as the only monomers

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
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Abstract

The thermoplastic resin composition is prepd by the steps of : preparing the latex having 0.05-0.20 micrometer particle size by polymerising the monomer mixt. comprising 100-70 wt.pts of 1,3 butadien or isoprene 0-30 wt.pts of monovinylidene aromatic cpd. or unsatd. nitril or their mixt., and ion exchanging water, 1-3 wt.pts of emulsifier, initiator, Mw controlling agent and crosslinking agent, with 70-96% of polymerization deg.; preparing the rubber latex having 0.3-0.7 micrometer particle size by polymerising 0.1-3.0 wt.pts of obtd. alpha, beta- carboxylic acid and 0.4-3.0 wt.pts of 2nd emulsifier; then emulsion-graft copolymerising 7-70 wt.pts of the obtd. rubber latex and 30-93 wt.pts of one or more of unsatd. nitrile monomer or methacryl monomer. The alpha, beta- carboxylic acid is the mixt. comprising one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid or crotonic acid. The obtd. resin compsn. has good impact resistance and molding workability.

Description

열가소성 수지 조성물 및 그의 제조방법Thermoplastic Resin Composition and Manufacturing Method Thereof

본 발명은 특정 입경을 갖는 고무 라텍스의 제조방법 및 이 방법에 의해 얻어진 고무 라텍스를 이용한 내충격성과 성형가공성이 뛰어난 열가소성 수지 조성물의 제조방법과 이에 의해 얻어진 열가소성 수지조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a rubber latex having a specific particle size, a method for producing a thermoplastic resin composition excellent in impact resistance and molding processability using the rubber latex obtained by the method, and a thermoplastic resin composition obtained thereby.

종래 ABS수지, HIPS수지, MBS수지등의 고무질 중합체 입자에 비닐계 단량체를 그라프트 공중합시킨 수지는 내충격, 성형가공성 등이 뛰어나서 자동차, 전기기구등에 폭넓게 사용되어지고 있다.Conventionally, resins obtained by graft copolymerization of vinyl-based monomers to rubbery polymer particles such as ABS resins, HIPS resins, and MBS resins have been widely used in automobiles and electric appliances because of their excellent impact resistance and molding processability.

이들 수지의 그라프트 공중합체에 이용되고 있는 고무질 중합체입자는 그로부터 제조한 열가소성 수지에 상기한 같은 우수한 특성을 부여하기 위하여 그의 평균 입경이 0.2∼0.7㎛미만 정도로 작기 대문에 그라프트 공중합을 행하기전에 라텍스 입경을 소망의 범위가 되도록 조절하는 것이 필요하다. 고무중합체 라텍스의 입경을 상기 범위로 조절하기 위한 다양한 방법이 일본국 특개소 59-1667704, 특개소 59-22094, 특공 평3-34481, 특개소63-132903등에 발표되어 왔다.The rubbery polymer particles used in the graft copolymers of these resins have a small average particle diameter of less than 0.2 to 0.7 µm in order to impart such excellent properties to the thermoplastic resins produced therefrom before the graft copolymerization. It is necessary to adjust the latex particle diameter to the desired range. Various methods for adjusting the particle diameter of the rubber polymer latex to the above range have been disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 59-1667704, 59-22094, Japanese Patent Application No. 3-34481, Japanese Patent Application No. 63-132903, and the like.

그러나 입경이 큰 고무를 제조하기 위한 상기한 공지 방법들은 많은 단점을 지니고 있다. 즉, 일반적으로 직경이 큰 입자를 갖는 고무중합체를 제조하는 방법은 2개의 그룹으로 분류할 수 있고, 그 하나는 고무를 중합시키는 동안에 소입경 고무를 응집시키는 방법이고 다른 하나는 입자 크기가 작은 고무 라텍스를 후처리에 의해 응집시키는 방법이다. 소입경이 고무를 중합 단계중에 응집시키는 공정의 가장 큰 단점은 중합반응의 완결에 과도한 시간이 소요된다는 점이다. 예를 들면, 약 0.3㎛의 입자직경을 갖는 고무질 중합체 라텍스를 얻기 위해서는 중합을 50시간 이상 계속시키는 것이 필요하다. 더우기 이 방법으로 0.4㎛이상의 입경을 갖는 고무질 중합체를 제조하는 것은 거의 불가능하며 통상적으로 바람직하지 못한 응고물이 다량으로 생성된다.However, the above known methods for producing rubber having a large particle diameter have many disadvantages. That is, in general, a method for producing a rubber polymer having a large diameter particle can be classified into two groups, one of which is a method of flocculating small particle rubber during the polymerization of the rubber and the other is a rubber of small particle size. It is a method of coagulating latex by post-treatment. The major disadvantage of the process of small particle agglomeration of rubber during the polymerization step is that excessive time is required to complete the polymerization reaction. For example, in order to obtain a rubbery polymer latex having a particle diameter of about 0.3 mu m, it is necessary to continue the polymerization for at least 50 hours. Moreover, it is almost impossible to produce rubbery polymers having a particle diameter of 0.4 mu m or more in this way and usually a large amount of undesirable coagulum is produced.

이와는 달리 작은 입경을 고무질 중합체 라텍스를 후처리하여 응집시킬 경우 중합시간을 현저하게 단축시킬 수 있다. 이러한 방법으로서는 염산을 사용하여 응집시키는 방법, 염을 사용하여 응집시키는 방법, 암모니아 소우프법, 냉동법, 용매처리법, 고압처리법 및 중합체 콜로이드 첨가 방법등이 공지되어 왔다. 이들 방법에 의해 큰 입경을 갖는 고무질 중합체 및 열가소성 수지를 제조함에 있어서 가장 큰 단점은 고무질 중합체를 응집시키기 위한 특별한 장치, 또는 보도 시약등을 사용하여야 한다는데 있다.On the other hand, a small particle diameter can significantly shorten the polymerization time when the rubber polymer latex is agglomerated by post-treatment. As such a method, there have been known a method of flocculation using hydrochloric acid, a method of flocculation using salt, ammonia soap method, freezing method, solvent treatment method, high pressure treatment method and polymer colloid addition method. The biggest drawback in producing rubbery polymers and thermoplastic resins having a large particle diameter by these methods is that a special device for agglomerating the rubbery polymer, or a press reagent, or the like must be used.

상기 방법에 의해 단량체로부터 고무질 중합체를 경유하여 연속적이고 경제적이고 열가소성 수지를 제조하는 경우 여러가지 단점에 봉착하게 된다.The above method encounters various disadvantages when producing a continuous, economical and thermoplastic resin from a monomer via a rubbery polymer.

산 또는 염을 첨가하여 고무입자를 응집시키는 데는 특별한 장치가 필요하지 않으나 이러한 응집방법은 라텍스 유액이 부분 파괴의 원인이되므로 산 또는 염의 첨가속도 및 교반속도는 입자의 응집 거동에 큰 영향을 미친다. 통상적으로 과도하게 큰 비대화물(응고물)의 생성을 방지할 수 없기 때문에 상기 여러 방법에 의해 응고물의 형성없이 0.3㎛이상의 입자크기를 갖는 고무질 중합체를 제조한다는 것은 불가능하다. 또한 산 또는 염의 수용액의 첨가에 의하여 라텍스중의 고형분의 농도가 감소되어 생산성이 저하되는 결과가 야기된다.The addition of acid or salt does not require a special device to agglomerate the rubber particles. However, in this agglomeration method, since the latex emulsion causes partial destruction, the addition rate and stirring speed of the acid or salt have a great influence on the aggregation behavior of the particles. In general, it is impossible to produce a rubbery polymer having a particle size of 0.3 µm or more without formation of a coagulum by the above various methods because it is not possible to prevent the formation of an excessively large condensate (coagulum). The addition of an aqueous solution of acid or salt also reduces the concentration of solids in the latex, resulting in a decrease in productivity.

또한 최근의 미합중국 특허 제3,944,630에서는 신규 모노머를 도입하여 별도의 고무지 중합체를 제조한 후 그것을 응집제로 사용하는 방법을 제안하고 있으나 이는입자 비대화를 위한 별도의 응집제용 고무질라텍스를 제조하여야 하며 신규 모노머를 다량인 3∼30중량부를 사용한다는 결점이 있다.In addition, the recent United States Patent No. 3,944,630 proposes a method of preparing a separate rubber paper polymer by introducing a new monomer and using it as a flocculant, but it is necessary to prepare a separate flocculant rubbery latex for enlarging the particles. The disadvantage is that a large amount of 3 to 30 parts by weight is used.

이와 같은 상황하에서 본 발명자들은 상기한 결점을 갖지 않는 새로운 입경 0.3∼0.7㎛의 고무질 중합체 라텍스의 제조방법을 제공하고자 예의연구한 결과로서 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다.Under such circumstances, the present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of earnest research to provide a method for producing a rubbery polymer latex having a new particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 µm without the above-mentioned drawbacks.

즉, 본 발명의 목적은 0.3∼0.7㎛의 입경을 갖는 고무질 중합체를 제조하기 위한 신규한 방법을 제공하는 것이다.That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for producing a rubbery polymer having a particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 mu m.

본 발명의 또다른 목적은 상기 방법에 의해 얻은 0.3∼0.7㎛의 입경을 갖는 고무질 중합체로부터 제조한 내충격성 및 성형가공성이 우수한 열가소성 수지 조성물을제공하는 것이다.Still another object of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic resin composition excellent in impact resistance and molding processability prepared from a rubbery polymer having a particle size of 0.3 to 0.7 탆 obtained by the above method.

본 발명의 또다른 목적은 고무 중합체 라텍스의 중합후기에 신규 모노머를 도입함을 특징으로 하는 중합시간을 극히 단축시키면서 중합안정성이 뛰어난 열가소성 수지조성물을 제조하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a thermoplastic resin composition having excellent polymerization stability while extremely shortening the polymerization time characterized by introducing a new monomer into the late polymerization of rubber polymer latex.

본 발명의 또다른 목적은 1, 3부타디엔 또는 이소프렌 100∼700중량부 및 모노비닐리덴 방향족 화합물 또는 불포화니트릴 또는 이들의 혼합물 0∼30중량부로 구성된 단량체 혼합물과 이온 교환수, 유화제 1∼3중량부, 개시제, 분자량 조절제 및 가교제를 중합율 70∼96%로 중합하여 입경이 0.05∼0.20μ인 라텍스를 얻고, α, β불포화 카르복실산 0.1∼3.0중량부와 2차 유화제 0.4∼3.0중량부를 첨가하여 중합을 진행완료시켜 고무입경이 0.3∼0.7μ인 고무 중합체라텍스를 얻고, 이 고무라텍스 7∼70중량부에 방향족 단량체, 불포화니트릴 단량체 혹은 메타크릴 단량체의 1종 또는 2종이상 30∼93중량부를 유화그라프트 공중합시킴을 특징으로 하는 열가소성 수지조성물의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.Still another object of the present invention is a monomer mixture consisting of 1 to 3 parts by weight of 1,3 butadiene or isoprene and 0 to 30 parts by weight of monovinylidene aromatic compound or unsaturated nitrile or a mixture thereof, and ion exchanged water and 1 to 3 parts by weight of an emulsifier. , An initiator, a molecular weight regulator and a crosslinking agent were polymerized at a polymerization rate of 70 to 96% to obtain a latex having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.20 μ, and 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of α and β unsaturated carboxylic acids and 0.4 to 3.0 parts by weight of a secondary emulsifier were added. And the polymerization was completed to obtain a rubber polymer latex having a rubber particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 µm, and one or two or more kinds of aromatic monomer, unsaturated nitrile monomer or methacryl monomer to 7 to 70 parts by weight of the rubber latex. It is to provide a method for producing a thermoplastic resin composition characterized in that the emulsified graft copolymerization.

이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

제1단계로 유화중합에 의해 대 입경의 고무질 중합체 라텍스를 제조하는 방법에 있어서 단량체, 이온 교환수, 유화제, 개시제, 분자량 조절제, 가교제를 넣어 내부 온도 30℃∼60℃로 승온하여 중합을 개시한 후 14∼18시간 경과후 반응 전환율(중합율)이 70∼96%일때 신규 모노머 전량과 2차 유화제를 투입하여 중합을 계속 진행한다.In the first step, a method of producing a rubbery latex having a large particle size by emulsion polymerization was carried out by adding a monomer, ion-exchanged water, an emulsifier, an initiator, a molecular weight regulator, and a crosslinking agent to raise the internal temperature to 30 ° C to 60 ° C to initiate polymerization. After 14 to 18 hours, when the reaction conversion rate (polymerization rate) is 70 to 96%, the total amount of the new monomer and the secondary emulsifier are added to continue the polymerization.

2∼3시간 중합을 진행시키면 반응 전환율이 99%이상으로 되며 입경이 0.3∼0.7㎛의 안정한 고무 라텍스가 얻어진다.When the polymerization proceeds for 2 to 3 hours, the reaction conversion becomes 99% or more, and a stable rubber latex having a particle size of 0.3 to 0.7 µm is obtained.

이어 상기에 얻은 고무 라텍스 7∼70중량부에 방향족 단량체, 불포화니트릴 단량체 혹은 메타크릴 단량체 1종 또는 2종이상이 혼합물 단량체 30∼93중량부를 유화 그라프트 공중합 시키므로써 안정성이 우수하면서 충격강도등의 기계적 물성이 우수하고 성형성이 우수한 열가소성수지를 제조할 수 있다.Subsequently, one or two or more aromatic monomers, unsaturated nitrile monomers, or methacryl monomers are emulsified graft copolymerized mixtures of 7 to 70 parts by weight of the rubber latex obtained above to provide excellent stability and impact strength. It is possible to produce a thermoplastic resin having excellent mechanical properties and excellent moldability.

본 발명에서 사용되는 유화제로는 통상적인 유화중합에 사용되는 유화제로써 나트륨 도데실설페이트, 나트륨 도데실벤젠설페이트, 나트륨올레익설페이트, 칼륨 도데실설페이트, 칼륨 스테아레이트, 나트륨 스테아레이트, 나트륨 올레이트, 로진 지방산염 등을 들 수 있으며 그 사용량은 광범위한 범위내에 있지만 일반적으로 1∼3중량부가 사용된다.The emulsifier used in the present invention is an emulsifier used in conventional emulsion polymerization, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate, sodium oleic sulfate, potassium dodecyl sulfate, potassium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium oleate, Rosin fatty acid salts, and the like, although the amount thereof is in a wide range, generally 1 to 3 parts by weight is used.

본 발명에서 사용되는 단량체는 디엔계 단량체와 방향족 단량체 및 탄소수 1∼8의 아크릴산 에스테르, 탄소수 1∼8의 메카크릴산알킬 에스테르, 비닐시아닌계에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종 이상의 단량체의 혼합물로써 구체적으로는 1, 3부타디엔, 이소프렌, 부틸 아크릴레이트, 스티렌, 알파 메틸스티렌, 메틸 메타크릴레이트, 에틸 아크릴레이트, 부틸 메타크릴레이트 등을 들 수 있다. 그의 사용량은 디엔계 단량체 100∼70중량부와 방향족 단량체 및 탄소수 1∼8의 아크릴산 에스테르, 탄소수 1∼8의 메타트릴산알킬 에스테르, 비닐시아닌계에서 선택한 1종 또는 2종이상의 혼합 단량체 0∼30중량부로 구성된다. 디엔계 단량체가 70중량부 이하이면 저온 충격성이 낮으며 대입경의 고무질 중합체 라텍스를 얻기가 힘들다.The monomer used in the present invention is a mixture of one or two or more monomers selected from a diene monomer, an aromatic monomer, an acrylic ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl ester of methacrylic acid having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and a vinyl cyanine group. As 1, 3 butadiene, isoprene, butyl acrylate, styrene, alpha methyl styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, etc. are mentioned. The amount of the monomer used is 100 to 70 parts by weight of a diene monomer, an aromatic monomer, an acrylic acid ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or two or more mixed monomers selected from vinyl cyanine. It consists of 30 parts by weight. If the diene monomer is 70 parts by weight or less, low temperature impact resistance is low, and it is difficult to obtain a rubbery polymer latex having a large particle size.

본 발명에 사용되는 가교제로는 1, 3-부탄디올 디아크릴레이트, 1, 3-부탄디올 메타크릴레이트, 디비닐벤젠, 에틸렌글리콜 디아크릴레이드, 부틸렌글리콜 디아크릴레이트 부틸렌글리톨 디메타클릴레이트 등을 들 수 있으며 그 사용량은 본 발명에서 임계적이지 않다. 그러나, 일반적으로 0.2∼3중량부의 양으로 사용된다.As the crosslinking agent used in the present invention, 1, 3-butanediol diacrylate, 1, 3-butanediol methacrylate, divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol diacrylate, butylene glycol diacrylate butyleneglycol dimethacrylate And the amount of use thereof is not critical in the present invention. However, it is generally used in an amount of 0.2 to 3 parts by weight.

본 발명에서 사용되는 신규 모노머는 α, β 불포화 카르복실산으로써 아크릴산, 메타크릴산, 이타콘산 및 크로톤산 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종 이상의 혼합물로써 0.1∼3중량부의 양으로 사용된다. 본 발명에 있어서 상기 신규 모노머의 첨가량은 매우 중요하다. 즉, 첨가량이 0.1중량부 이하일 경우에는 응집능이 약하여 충격강도가 우수한 열가소성수지를 제조할 수 없으며 첨가량이 3중량부를 초과할때는 응집능이 지나쳐서 바람직하지 못하다. 그 이유는 매우 강한 응집능 때문에 1㎛이상의 거대 고무입자가 생성되고 라텍스가 불안정해져서 응집물이 다량발생하며 또한 이것을 이용하여 열가소성 수지를 제조하는 경우 얻어진 수지의 성형성(유동성)이 떨어지기 때문이다.The novel monomers used in the present invention are α, β unsaturated carboxylic acids and are used in an amount of 0.1 to 3 parts by weight as one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds selected from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid and crotonic acid. In the present invention, the amount of the novel monomer added is very important. That is, when the added amount is 0.1 parts by weight or less, the cohesive power is weak, so that the thermoplastic resin having excellent impact strength cannot be prepared, and when the added amount is more than 3 parts by weight, the cohesive capacity is excessively undesirable. The reason for this is that large rubber particles of 1 µm or more are generated due to the very strong cohesive ability, latex becomes unstable, and a large amount of aggregates are generated, and when the thermoplastic resin is manufactured using the same, the moldability (fluidity) of the resin obtained is inferior.

본 발명에 따르면, 신규 모노머는 중합율이 70∼96%에 도달되었을 때에 2차 유화제와 함께 첨가된다. 만약 중합율이 70%이하일 때 첨가되면 고무입자의 안정성이 깨지므로 입경 제어가 곤란하여 게탁스 안정성이 떨어진다. 또한 중합율이 96%이상에서는 중합이 거의 완료되는 시점으로 유화제에 의한 새로운 미셀 형성과 함께 모노머가 대부분 잔류모노머로 존재하게 되기 때문에 이런 고무 라텍스를 이용하여 열가소성 수지 조성물을 제조하면 성형시 온조현상등이 발생하는 결점이 존재한다.According to the present invention, the novel monomer is added together with the secondary emulsifier when the polymerization rate reaches 70 to 96%. If it is added when the polymerization rate is 70% or less, the stability of the rubber particles is broken, so that it is difficult to control the particle size, resulting in poor gettax stability. When the polymerization rate is 96% or more, the polymerization is almost completed, and new micelles are formed by the emulsifier, and most of the monomers are present as residual monomers. This occurs a disadvantage.

본 발명에 사용되는 중합개시제로는 하이드로겐 퍼옥사이드, 디이소프로필벤젠 퍼옥사이드, 큐멘하이드로 퍼옥사이드, 칼륨 퍼설페이트, 암모늄 퍼설페이트, 라우릴 퍼옥사이드, 메틸에틸케톤 퍼옥사이드, t -부틸하이드로 퍼옥사이드 등을 들 수 있으며 그이 사용량은 본 발명에 있어서 임계적이지 않다. 그러나 일반적으로 0.1∼1.0중량부의 양으로 사용된다.Polymerization initiators used in the present invention include hydrogen peroxide, diisopropylbenzene peroxide, cumenehydro peroxide, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, lauryl peroxide, methylethylketone peroxide, t-butylhydroperoxide Oxides and the like, and their usage is not critical in the present invention. However, it is generally used in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0 parts by weight.

본 발명에 사용된 2차 유화제는 저급 지방산으로서 예를 들면, 탄소수 10이하의 카프로익산(탄산소=6), 카프릴릭산(탄소수=8)에 수산화나트륨 또는 수산화칼륨등의 중화처리하여 제조하며 약 0.1∼3.0중량부의 양으로 사용한다. 이때 2차 유화제의 함량이 3.0중량부 이상이면 새로운 미셀형성으로 오히려 작은 입경이 고무입자가 새로이 발생하며 또한 0.1중량부 이하이면 고우입자를 키우면서 라텍스를 안정화시키는 효과가 없으므로 중합증 응집물이 발생하기 쉽다.The secondary emulsifier used in the present invention is a lower fatty acid, for example, prepared by neutralizing caproic acid having 10 or less carbon atoms (carbonic acid = 6), caprylic acid (carbon number = 8), such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. It is used in an amount of about 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight. In this case, when the content of the secondary emulsifier is 3.0 parts by weight or more, new micelles are formed, resulting in the formation of new rubber particles with a smaller particle size. Also, when the content of the secondary emulsifier is less than 0.1 parts by weight, polymerization aggregates are likely to occur because there is no effect of stabilizing latex while growing the high particles. .

본 발명에 사용된 분자량 조절제는 중합 반응에 통상 사용되는 것에서 선택된 것으로서 예를 들면, 제3급 메르캅탄, 선형 메르캅탄, 터피노렌(C10H16)이성질체를 사용할 수 있으며, 특히 터피노렌은 알파피넨, 베타 피넨, 다이 펜턴등의 이성질체가 있으며 이는 송진이나 오렌지 껍질에서 추추한 천연화합물이다. 분자량 조절제의 양은 본 발명에 있어서 임계적이지 않으며 일반적으로 0.1∼2.0중량부의 양으로 사용된다.The molecular weight modifier used in the present invention is selected from those commonly used in polymerization reactions. For example, tertiary mercaptans, linear mercaptans, terpinomers (C 10 H 16 ) isomers can be used, and in particular terpinones There are isomers such as alphapinene, betapinene and die fenton, which are natural compounds extracted from rosin or orange peel. The amount of the molecular weight regulator is not critical in the present invention and is generally used in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight.

이하 실시예 및 비고예에 의해 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명하지만 본 발명이 이들 예에 국한되는 것은 아니다.The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and remarks below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[실시예 1]Example 1

(1) 고무라텍스 제조(1) Rubber Latex Manufacturing

35L 유압 용기 내부를 질소가스로 치환한 후 진공 펌프를 이용하여 -740mmHReplace the inside of the 35L hydraulic container with nitrogen gas and use a vacuum pump to -740mmH

g압력을 잡은 후 하기의 성분을 공기가 혼입되지 않도록 주의하며 투입한 후 내부온도를 50℃까지 승온시켰다.g After the pressure was applied, the following components were added with care not to mix air, and then the internal temperature was increased to 50 ° C.

이온 교환수 150중량부150 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water

1, 3-부타디엔 75중량부1, 3-butadiene 75 parts by weight

스티렌 25중량부Styrene 25 parts by weight

나트륨 올레이트 1.0중량부Sodium oleate 1.0 parts by weight

수산화나트륨 2.0중량부Sodium hydroxide 2.0 parts by weight

내부온도가 55℃에 도달하면 하기 성분을 삽입하여 중합을 개시하였다.When internal temperature reached 55 degreeC, the following component was inserted and polymerization was started.

디비닐 벤젠 1.0중량부1.0 parts by weight of divinyl benzene

t-부틸하이드로 퍼옥사이드 0.4중량부0.4 parts by weight of t-butylhydroperoxide

터피노렌 1.0중량부1.0 parts by weight of terpinone

상기성분을 사입하여 중합을 진행시키고 6시간이 경과된 후 중합품을 샘플링하여 반응전환율을 특정한 결과 72.6%이었다. 고무입자 크기가 0.10㎛인 고무 라텍스를 얻었으며 입자크기는 영국 멜보른사 오토사이저와 투과전자현미경으로 특정하였다.The polymerization was carried out by adding the above components, and after 6 hours, the polymerization product was sampled and the reaction conversion rate was 72.6%. A rubber latex having a rubber particle size of 0.10 µm was obtained, and the particle size was determined by a Melbourne Borne autosizer and a transmission electron microscope.

이어, 하기 성분을 첨가하여 중합을 계속 진행하였다.Next, the following component was added and polymerization continued.

메타크릴산 2.5중량부Methacrylic acid 2.5 parts by weight

카프로익산 1.0중량부Caproic Acid 1.0 parts by weight

수산화나트륨 0.2중량부0.2 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide

이온교환수 10중량부10 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water

중합을 3시간 계속 진행시켜 반응전환을 99%에 도달하고, 겔함량이 85%이고 고무입경이 0.40㎛인 고무라텍스를 얻었으며 중합 안정성 척도인 용집물량은 0.06%였다.The polymerization was continued for 3 hours to obtain a reaction conversion of 99%, to obtain a rubber latex having a gel content of 85% and a rubber particle size of 0.40 µm, and an amount of collected solution that was a measure of polymerization stability was 0.06%.

(2) 그라프트 ABS의 제조(2) Preparation of Graft ABS

10L 유리 중합조에 상기 (1)에 의해 제도된 라텍스를 사용하여 하기 성분을 사입한 후 30분 동안 서서히 반응온도 65℃로 승온하였다.After injecting the following components into the 10-L glass polymerization tank using the latex drawn by (1), the reaction mixture was gradually heated to 65 DEG C for 30 minutes.

이온교환수 3.0중량부3.0 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water

고무 라텍스 60중량부(고형분환산)60 parts by weight of rubber latex (solid equivalent)

t-부틸하이드로 퍼옥사이드 0.4중량부0.4 parts by weight of t-butylhydroperoxide

나트륨 올레이트 0.4중량부Sodium oleate 0.4 parts by weight

나트륨포름알데히드설폭시레이트 0.1중량부Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate 0.1 parts by weight

황산 제일철 0.01중량부0.01 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate

에틸렌디아민 테트라나트륨 초산염 0.1중량부0.1 parts by weight of ethylenediamine tetrasodium acetate

(EDTA-Na)(EDTA-Na)

내부온도가 65℃에 도달하면 하기 성분을 3시간동안 정량적으로 사입하여 중합을 진행한 후 75℃로 승온후 3시간 동안 숙성시켜 중합을 종료하였다.When the internal temperature reached 65 ℃, the following components were quantitatively injected for 3 hours to proceed the polymerization, and then heated to 75 ℃ and aged for 3 hours to complete the polymerization.

스티렌 30중량부30 parts by weight of styrene

아크릴로니오릴 10중량부10 parts by weight of acrylonitrile

터피노렌 1.0중량부1.0 parts by weight of terpinone

중합 후 얻어진 ABS라텍스 100중량부 페놀계 항산화제 및 황게 항산 화제를 각각 0.2중량부씩을 투입하고 충분히 교반 시킨 후 이온교환수 100중량부를 첨가하였다. 온도를 90℃까지 승온하면서 교반하에서 황산마그네슘 0.5중량부를 첨가하여 입자를 만들었다. 이어서 원심분리기로 탈수 세척하고 건조하여 ABS수지를 만들었다.After the polymerization, 0.2 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of ABS latex phenolic antioxidant and sulfuric acid antioxidant were added thereto, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred, followed by addition of 100 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water. Particles were made by adding 0.5 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate under stirring while raising the temperature to 90 ° C. Subsequently, the resultant was dehydrated and washed with a centrifuge to make ABS resin.

상기 방법으로 제조된 ABS입자를 충격강도 및 성형성(유동 특성)을 평가하기 위해 한남화학에서 양산중인 SAN(상품명 SAN #350)등과 하기와 같은 처방으로 혼합한다.In order to evaluate the impact strength and moldability (flow characteristics), the ABS particles prepared by the above method are mixed with SAN (trade name SAN # 350), which is being mass-produced by Hannam Chemical, in the following formulation.

ABS수지 40중량부40 parts by weight of ABS resin

SAN #350 60중량부SAN # 350 60 parts by weight

EBS(에틸렌 비스스테아리아미드) 2.0중량부EBS (ethylene bis stearamide) 2.0 weight part

칼슘 스테아레이트 0.2중량부Calcium Stearate 0.2 parts by weight

220℃에서 40c압출기로 압출하여 5 oz 사출기로 사출성형하여 ASTM방법에 준하여 아이조드충격 시편, 인장강도 시편등을 제작하여 통상의 방법대로 측정시험하였다. 측정결과는 표 1에 표기하였다.Extrusion with a 40c extruder at 220 ° C. and injection molding with a 5 oz. Injection molding machine produced Izod impact specimens, tensile strength specimens, and the like in accordance with ASTM. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[실시예 2]Example 2

(1) 고무라텍스의 제조(1) Manufacture of rubber latex

스티렌 대신 아클리로니트릴을 사용하여 중합하였으며 또한 신규 모노머로써 아크릴산을 사용하였으며 2차 유화제로 카프릴릭산을 사용하였으며 첨가량은 하기와 같다.Acryronitrile was polymerized instead of styrene, acrylic acid was used as a novel monomer, and caprylic acid was used as a secondary emulsifier.

이온 교환수 180중량부180 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water

1, 3-부타디엔 70중량부1, 3-butadiene 70 parts by weight

스티렌 30중량부30 parts by weight of styrene

나트륨 올레이트 1.5중량부Sodium oleate 1.5 parts by weight

수산화나트륨 0.3중량부0.3 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide

내부온도가 45℃에 도달하였을 때 하기 성분을 사입하여 중합을 개시하였다.When internal temperature reached 45 degreeC, the following component was inserted and polymerization was started.

디비닐벤젠 0.5중량부0.5 parts by weight of divinylbenzene

t-부틸하이드로 퍼옥사이드 0.4중량부0.4 parts by weight of t-butylhydroperoxide

터피노렌 1.0중량부1.0 parts by weight of terpinone

상기 성분을 사입하여 중합을 진행시키고 12시간 경과후에 중합품을 샘플링하여 반응 전환율을 측정한 결과 72%이었다. 또한 입자경을 측정한 결과 0.07㎛이었다. 하기 성분을 첨가하여 중합을 계속 진행하였다.It was 72% when the said component was inserted and the superposition | polymerization was advanced and after 12 hours, the polymerization product was sampled and reaction conversion was measured. Moreover, it was 0.07 micrometer when the particle diameter was measured. The following component was added and polymerization continued.

아크릴산산 0.5중량부0.5 parts by weight of acrylic acid

카프릴릭산 1.2중량부1.2 parts by weight of caprylic acid

수산화나트륨 0.2중량부0.2 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide

이온교환수 10중량부10 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water

중합을 6시간 게속 진행시켜 반응 전환율 99%를 달성하고, 겔함량이 85%이고 고무입자 크기가 0.35㎛인 고무 라텍스를 얻었으며 응집물량은 0.07%이었다.The polymerization was continued for 6 hours to achieve a reaction conversion of 99% to obtain a rubber latex having a gel content of 85% and a rubber particle size of 0.35 µm, with an aggregate amount of 0.07%.

실시예 1과 동일하게 그라프트 ABS 중합을 실시하고 ABS 수지를 제조하고 그 물성 및 성형성을 평가하고 그 결과는 표 1에 나타냈다.Graft ABS polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare an ABS resin, the physical properties and the moldability thereof were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[비교예 1]Comparative Example 1

고무 라텍스 제조에 있어서 α, β 카르복실산 및 2차 유화제를 첨가하지 않고 실시예 1과 동일한 조건으로 고무 라텍스를 제조하였으며 그라프트 ABS입자 제조방법, 그리고 수지의 물성 및 성형성의 평가를 실시예 1과 동일하게 실시하였다. 그 결과는 표 1에 나타냈다.In the preparation of rubber latex, rubber latex was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1 without adding α, β carboxylic acid and secondary emulsifier, and graft ABS particle production method, and evaluation of physical properties and moldability of resin were performed in Example 1 The same procedure was followed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[비교예 2]Comparative Example 2

실시예 1에서 고무 라텍스이 제조시 아크릴산 10중량부, 카프릴릭산 2.5중량부 수산화나트륨 0.5중량부 및 이온교환수 12중량부를 반응전환율 75%에서 첨가하여 중합을 계속 진행하였다. 그라프트 중합, ABS입자 제조 및 얻어진 수지의 평가를 실시예 1과 동일한 조건으로 실시하였으며 그 결과는 표 1에 나타냈다.In preparing the rubber latex in Example 1, the polymerization was continued by adding 10 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 2.5 parts by weight of caprylic acid, 0.5 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, and 12 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water at a reaction conversion rate of 75%. The graft polymerization, the production of ABS particles, and evaluation of the obtained resin were carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[비교예 3]Comparative Example 3

실시예 2과 중합조건을 동일하게 하였으며 단지 메타크릴산 및 2차 유화제를 중합율이 45%인 시점에서 사입을 하여 중합을 진행하였고, 그라프트 ABS 제조시에는 3급 도데실 메르캅탄 1.0중량부를 첨가하여 중합하였다. ABS입자 및 물성 시편등의 제조, 그리고 평가는 실시예 1과 동일한 조건으로 실시하였으며 그 결과는 표 1에 나타냈다.The polymerization conditions were the same as in Example 2, only the methacrylic acid and the secondary emulsifier was inserted at a polymerization rate of 45%, and polymerization was carried out. In preparing graft ABS, 1.0 part by weight of tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was prepared. It superposed | polymerized by addition. Preparation and evaluation of the ABS particles and physical properties specimens were carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 and the results are shown in Table 1.

[비교예 4][Comparative Example 4]

실시예 1과 중합조건을 동일하게 하였으며 단지 2차 유화제로서 나트륨도데실벤젠설페이트 2.0중량부를 첨가하여 중합을 진행하였다. 그라프트 ABS제조 및 물성 시편등의 제조, 그리고 평가는 실시예 1과 동일한 조건으로 실시하였으며 그 결과는 표 1에 나타냈다.The polymerization conditions were the same as in Example 1, and polymerization was performed by adding 2.0 parts by weight of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate as a secondary emulsifier. Preparation and evaluation of graft ABS and physical properties specimens were carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[표 1]TABLE 1

* 라텍스 안정성은 마론형 기계적 안정도 측정기로 응고개시에 소요되는 시간(sec)* Latex stability is the time taken to start coagulation with a maron type mechanical stability meter.

** 충격강도 (NOTCHES IZOD IMPACT) : ASTM D 256** Impact Strength (NOTCHES IZOD IMPACT): ASTM D 256

*** 인장강도(TENSILE STRENGTH) : ASTM D 638*** Tensile Strength (TENSILE STRENGTH): ASTM D 638

**** 유독성 (MELT FLOW INDEX) : ASTM D 1238**** Toxicity (MELT FLOW INDEX): ASTM D 1238

Claims (4)

1, 3부티디엔 또는 이소프렌 100∼70중량부 및 모노비닐리덴 방향족 화합물 또는 불포화니트릴 또는 이들이 혼합물 0∼30중량부로 구성된 단량체 혼합물과 이온 교환수, 유화제 1∼3중량부, 개시제, 분자량 조절제 및 가교제를 중합율 70∼96%로 중합하여 입경이 0.05∼0.20㎛인 라텍스를 얻고, 얻어진 α,β-불포화 카르복실산 0.1∼3.0중량부와 2차 유화제 0.4∼3.0중량부를 첨가하여 중합을 진행완료시켜 고무입경이 0.3∼0.7㎛인 고무 중합체 라텍스를 얻고, 이 고무 라텍스 7∼70중량부에 방향족 단량체, 불포화니트릴 단량체 혹은 메타크릴 단량체의 1종 또는 2종 이상 30∼93중량부를 유화 그라프트 공중합시킴을 특징으로 하는 열가소성 수지조성물의 제조방법.Monomer mixture consisting of 100 to 70 parts by weight of 1,3 butadiene or isoprene and 0 to 30 parts by weight of monovinylidene aromatic compound or unsaturated nitrile or mixture thereof, ion exchanged water, 1 to 3 parts by weight of emulsifier, initiator, molecular weight modifier and crosslinking agent Was polymerized at a polymerization rate of 70 to 96% to obtain a latex having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.20 µm, and 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of the obtained α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and 0.4 to 3.0 parts by weight of a secondary emulsifier were added to complete the polymerization. A rubber polymer latex having a rubber particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 µm is obtained, and one or two or more kinds of an aromatic monomer, an unsaturated nitrile monomer or a methacryl monomer is contained in an amount of 30 to 93 parts by weight of an aromatic monomer, unsaturated nitrile monomer or methacryl monomer in 7 to 70 parts by weight of the rubber latex. Method for producing a thermoplastic resin composition characterized in that. 제1항에 있어서, α,β-카르복실산은 아크릴산, 메타크릴산, 이타콘산 또는 크로톤산 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종 이상의 혼합물임을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the α, β-carboxylic acid is one or a mixture of two or more selected from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid or crotonic acid. 제1항에 있어서, 2차 유화제는 저급 지방산으로서 탄소수 10이하인 카프로익산, 카프릴릭산 또는 카프릭산중 선택된 1종 또는 2종이상의 혼합물을 수산화나트륨 혹은 수산화칼륨을 중화처리하여 얻는 것임을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary emulsifier is a lower fatty acid obtained by neutralizing sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide with at least one selected from caproic acid, caprylic acid, or capric acid having 10 or less carbon atoms. . 1, 3부타디엔 또는 이소프레 100∼70중량부 및 모노비닐리덴 방향족 화합물 또는 불포화니트릴 또는 이들의 혼합물 0∼30중량부로 구성된 단량체 혼합물과 이온 교환수, 유화제 1∼3중량부, 개시제, 분자량 조절제 및 가교제를 중함율 70∼96%로 중합하여 입경이 0.05∼0.20㎛인 라텍스를 얻고, 얻어진 α,β-불포화 카르복실산 0.1∼3.0중량부와 2차 유화제 0.4∼3.0중량부를 첨가하고 중합시켜 얻은 고무입경이 0.3∼0.7㎛인 고무 중합체 7∼70중량부와 방향족 단량체, 불포화니트릴 단량체 혹은 메타크릴 단량체의 1종 또는 2종 이상 30∼93중량부로 이루어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 열가소성 수지 조성물.Monomer mixture consisting of 100 to 70 parts by weight of 1,3 butadiene or isoprene and 0 to 30 parts by weight of monovinylidene aromatic compound or unsaturated nitrile or mixture thereof, ion exchanged water, 1 to 3 parts by weight of emulsifier, initiator, molecular weight modifier and The crosslinking agent was polymerized at a medium content of 70 to 96% to obtain a latex having a particle size of 0.05 to 0.20 µm, and then polymerized by adding 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of the α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and 0.4 to 3.0 parts by weight of the secondary emulsifier. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising 7 to 70 parts by weight of a rubber polymer having a rubber particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 µm, and 30 to 93 parts by weight of an aromatic monomer, an unsaturated nitrile monomer or a methacryl monomer.
KR1019920024529A 1992-12-16 1992-12-16 Thermoplastic resin composition and its preparation process KR950011450B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016105171A1 (en) * 2014-12-24 2016-06-30 주식회사 엘지화학 Method for preparing diene-based rubber latex and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer comprising same
US10508159B2 (en) 2014-12-24 2019-12-17 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for preparing diene-based rubber latex and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer comprising the same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016105171A1 (en) * 2014-12-24 2016-06-30 주식회사 엘지화학 Method for preparing diene-based rubber latex and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer comprising same
US10508159B2 (en) 2014-12-24 2019-12-17 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for preparing diene-based rubber latex and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer comprising the same

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