KR950005922A - 안정화된 전도성 안료 - Google Patents
안정화된 전도성 안료 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR950005922A KR950005922A KR1019940020096A KR19940020096A KR950005922A KR 950005922 A KR950005922 A KR 950005922A KR 1019940020096 A KR1019940020096 A KR 1019940020096A KR 19940020096 A KR19940020096 A KR 19940020096A KR 950005922 A KR950005922 A KR 950005922A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- titanate
- oxide
- pigment
- pigment according
- iii
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- -1 alkaline earth metal titanate Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- QZQVBEXLDFYHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ga]O[Ga]=O QZQVBEXLDFYHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical class [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012431 aqueous reaction media Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ca+2].[Ti+4] WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229940119177 germanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
- C09C1/0021—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a core coated with only one layer having a high or low refractive index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/04—Compounds of zinc
- C09C1/043—Zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/405—Compounds of aluminium containing combined silica, e.g. mica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/08—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
- C09C2200/102—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core consisting of glass or silicate material like mica or clays, e.g. kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2220/00—Methods of preparing the interference pigments
- C09C2220/10—Wet methods, e.g. co-precipitation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 전기 전도성을 안정화시키기 위해 알칼리 토금속 티탄산염 또는 Ⅲ 또는 Ⅳ족으로 부터의 원소의 산화물을 함유하는, 알루미늄-도핑된 산화아연을 기재로 하는 안정화된 전도성 안료에 관한 것이다.
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
Claims (7)
- 전기 전도성을 안정화시키기 위해 첨가제를 함유함을 특징으로 하는, 알루미늄-도핑된 산화아연을 기재로 하는 안정화된 전도성 안료.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 첨가제가 알칼리 토금속 티탄산염임을 특징으로 하는 안료.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 알칼리 토금속 티탄산염이 티탄산 마그네슘, 티탄산 칼슘, 티탄산 스트론튬 또는 티탄산 비륨임을 특징으로 하는 안료.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 첨가제가 Ⅲ 또는 Ⅳ족중의 원소의 산화물임을 특징으로 하는 안료.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 산화물이 이산화티탄, 이산화게르마늄, 산화갈륨(Ⅲ) 또는 산화인듐(Ⅲ)임을 특징으로 하는 안료.
- pH7 내지 12, 바람직하게는 7 내지 9 및 40 내지 90℃, 바람직하게는 60 내지 80℃의 온도에서, 아연, 알루미늄 및 첨가제의 염을 칭량하여 함께 또는 개별적으로 및 티탄산염을 안정화시키는 경우에는 과산화수소 용액과 함께 연속적으로, 각각의 경우 금속 염의 가수분해 및 수산화물 또는 수산화된 산화물의 침전 또는 지지체가 사용되는 경우 지지체상에서의 침착이 즉시 일어나도록 하는 방식으로, 지지체의 현탁액을 함유할수도 있는 수성 반응 매질에 예정된 혼합 속도로 가하고, 안료를 분리하고, 세척하고, 건조시키고, 500 내지 900℃, 바람직하게는 550 내지 650℃의 온도에서 환원성의 불활성 가스 대기, 바람직하게는 질소/수소 대기에서 30 내지 60분동안 소성시킴을 특징으로 하는, 제1항 내지 제5항중 어느 한 항에 따른 안정화된 전도성 안료의 제조방법.
- 와니스, 도료 잉크, 플라스틱 또는 피복제를 착색시키기 위한 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 안료의 용도.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4327620A DE4327620A1 (de) | 1993-08-17 | 1993-08-17 | Stabilisiertes, leitfähiges Pigment |
DEP4327620.2 | 1993-08-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR950005922A true KR950005922A (ko) | 1995-03-20 |
Family
ID=6495383
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019940020096A KR950005922A (ko) | 1993-08-17 | 1994-08-16 | 안정화된 전도성 안료 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5611852A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0639625B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JPH0782508A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR950005922A (ko) |
DE (2) | DE4327620A1 (ko) |
FI (1) | FI943772A (ko) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4327620A1 (de) * | 1993-08-17 | 1995-02-23 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Stabilisiertes, leitfähiges Pigment |
DE19525692A1 (de) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-01-16 | Abb Research Ltd | Elektrisch und thermisch leitfähiger Kunststoff und Verwendung dieses Kunststoffs |
US6416868B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2002-07-09 | Dmc2 Degussa Metals Catalysts Cerdec Ag | Alkaline earth-manganese oxide pigments |
DE60121239T2 (de) * | 2000-03-14 | 2007-07-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kaisui Kagaku Kenkyujo, Kitakyushu | UV-Absorber und sowie dessen Verwendung |
US6503316B1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2003-01-07 | Dmc2 Degussa Metals Catalysts Cerdec Ag | Bismuth-containing laser markable compositions and methods of making and using same |
WO2006035872A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-06 | Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. | 粘土複合体 |
DE102006027025A1 (de) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-12-13 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Silberweiße-Effektpigmente |
RU2530894C2 (ru) * | 2009-04-22 | 2014-10-20 | Киова Кемикал Индастри Ко., Лтд. | Столбчатые частицы оксида цинка и способ их получения |
US9608826B2 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2017-03-28 | Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | System and method for partner key management |
DE102011079813A1 (de) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Spannungsbegrenzende Zusammensetzung |
CN107009707B (zh) * | 2016-01-08 | 2019-11-08 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 复合纺织品 |
US10519595B2 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2019-12-31 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Composite textile |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2140235A (en) * | 1934-03-14 | 1938-12-13 | Lederle Ekbert | White pigment |
JPS529432A (en) * | 1975-07-11 | 1977-01-25 | Tomoegawa Paper Co Ltd | Electrophotographic master |
JPS55140848A (en) * | 1979-04-20 | 1980-11-04 | Kanzaki Paper Mfg Co Ltd | Electrostatic recording body |
JPS5669266A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-06-10 | Nippon Kagaku Sangyo Kk | Manufacture of finely particulate electroconductive zinc oxide |
JPS581704B2 (ja) * | 1980-09-24 | 1983-01-12 | 中国塗料株式会社 | 防食用塗料の組成物 |
JPS5866949A (ja) * | 1981-10-16 | 1983-04-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | カプセルトナ− |
JP2707325B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-21 | 1998-01-28 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 白色導電性酸化亜鉛の製造方法 |
JP2840856B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-26 | 1998-12-24 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 針状導電性酸化亜鉛及びその製造方法 |
US5132104A (en) * | 1989-07-21 | 1992-07-21 | Lion Corporation | Needle shaped monoamine complex of zinc carbonate and process for producing it |
JPH03200877A (ja) * | 1989-12-28 | 1991-09-02 | Lion Corp | 複合導電性粉末及びその製造方法 |
US5094693A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1992-03-10 | International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. | Doped zinc oxide-based pigment |
JP2959817B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-03 | 1999-10-06 | 日亜化学工業株式会社 | 顔料付き蛍光体 |
JPH072519A (ja) * | 1991-05-28 | 1995-01-06 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 導電性針状酸化亜鉛の製造方法 |
DE4327620A1 (de) * | 1993-08-17 | 1995-02-23 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Stabilisiertes, leitfähiges Pigment |
-
1993
- 1993-08-17 DE DE4327620A patent/DE4327620A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-08-06 EP EP94112308A patent/EP0639625B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-06 DE DE59403365T patent/DE59403365D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-08-16 JP JP6192589A patent/JPH0782508A/ja active Pending
- 1994-08-16 KR KR1019940020096A patent/KR950005922A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-08-16 FI FI943772A patent/FI943772A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-08-16 US US08/291,795 patent/US5611852A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI943772A0 (fi) | 1994-08-16 |
DE59403365D1 (de) | 1997-08-21 |
JPH0782508A (ja) | 1995-03-28 |
DE4327620A1 (de) | 1995-02-23 |
FI943772A (fi) | 1995-02-18 |
EP0639625A1 (de) | 1995-02-22 |
EP0639625B1 (de) | 1997-07-16 |
US5611852A (en) | 1997-03-18 |
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