KR930011522B1 - Manufacture of forged product - Google Patents

Manufacture of forged product Download PDF

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KR930011522B1
KR930011522B1 KR1019890009982A KR890009982A KR930011522B1 KR 930011522 B1 KR930011522 B1 KR 930011522B1 KR 1019890009982 A KR1019890009982 A KR 1019890009982A KR 890009982 A KR890009982 A KR 890009982A KR 930011522 B1 KR930011522 B1 KR 930011522B1
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South Korea
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product
balance
processing
forging
forged product
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Korean (ko)
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KR900001435A (en
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마사다까 히로와다리
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마쯔다 가부시기가이샤
후루다 노리마사
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00Making machine elements
    • B21K1/06Making machine elements axles or shafts
    • B21K1/08Making machine elements axles or shafts crankshafts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

내용 없음.No content.

Description

단조품의 제조방법Manufacturing method of forging

제1도는 본 발명의 일실시예에 있어서의 크랭크축 단조품의 제조공정을 표시한 공정도,1 is a process chart showing the manufacturing process of the crankshaft forging in one embodiment of the present invention,

제2도는 제품으로서의 크랭크축의 요부단면도,2 is a main cross-sectional view of the crankshaft as a product,

제3도는 회전밸런스 측정기의 개략정면도,3 is a schematic front view of a rotation balance measuring instrument,

제4도는 회전밸런스 수정장치의 개략정면도,4 is a schematic front view of the rotation balance correction device,

제5도는 동옆면도.5 is an east side view.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

6 : 단조품 15 : 회전밸런스측정기6: forging 15: rotation balance measuring instrument

23 : 밸런스유니트 25 : 측정유니트23: balance unit 25: measurement unit

33 : 회전밸런스수정장치33: rotation balance correction device

본 발명은 크랭크축등의 단조품의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a forged product such as a crankshaft.

종래부터, 예를들면 일본국 특개소 59-232644호 공보에 있는 바와 같이, 엔진의 크랭크축과 같은 회전부재를 단조에 의해서 제조하고, 또, 수율을 향상시키기 위해서 여러 가지의 기술이 제안되고 있다.Background Art Conventionally, various techniques have been proposed for producing a rotating member such as a crankshaft of an engine by forging, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-232644. .

상기와 같은 단조품의 제조는, 일반적으로, 먼저, 소정형상의 소재를 복수단계의 단조에 의해서 제품형상으로 만들고, 이것에 각부의 기계가공을 실시하고, 최종적으로 회전부재로서의 회전밸런스를 측정하고, 언밸런스(unbalance)량이 큰 것에 있어서는 밸런스수정가공을 실시해서 크랭크축등의 회전부재를 얻는 것이다.In the production of the forged products as described above, generally, first, a predetermined shape of a raw material is formed into a product shape by forging in a plurality of stages, and machining is performed on each part, and finally, a rotational balance as a rotating member is measured. When the unbalance amount is large, the balance correction processing is performed to obtain a rotating member such as a crank shaft.

한편, 상기와 같은 단조후의 크랭축의 단조품에 있어서의 소준(召준) 공정에서의 굽힘의 발생을 방지하기 위하여, 단조품을 교정유지하는 치구(治具)를 사용하도록한 기술이, 일본국 특개소 60-27420호 공보에 볼수 있는 바와같이 공개되어 있다.On the other hand, in order to prevent the occurrence of bending in the roughing step in the forging of the crankshaft after the forging as described above, a technique in which a jig for correcting and holding the forging is used As disclosed in the 60-27420 publication.

그러나, 상기와 같은 회전부재를 단조에 의해서 제조하는 경우에, 단조후에 교정처리(사이징(sizing)처리등)를 행하여도, 변형등에 따른 회전언밸런스량이 크고, 최종단계에서의 회전밸런스측정에 의거한 밸런스수정가공에서는 규정된 밸런스 상태로 되지 않는 불량품의 발생하는 경우가 있다.However, in the case where the above-described rotating member is manufactured by forging, even if correction processing (sizing processing or the like) is performed after forging, the amount of rotational unbalance due to deformation or the like is large and based on the rotation balance measurement at the final stage. In the balance correcting process, defective products that do not come to the prescribed balance may occur.

이와같은 불량품의 발생에 대해서, 그 불량품에 각종 기계가공을 실시하는 것은 코스트적으로 큰 손실이 됨과 동시에, 처리효율의 향상 및 재료의 수율을 향상시키는 점에서 불리한 것이 된다.The occurrence of such defective products is disadvantageous in that various kinds of machining are performed on the defective products in terms of cost loss and improvement in processing efficiency and material yield.

그래서, 본 발명은 상기 사정에 비추어, 불량품의 발생을 저감함과 동시에, 불량품에 대해서 불필요한 기계가공을 실시하는 것을 회피하도록한 단조품의 제조방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하는 것이다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a forged product which reduces the occurrence of defective products and avoids unnecessary machining of defective products.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명의 단조품의 제조방법은, 크랭크축등의 회전부재의 단조품에 대해서 전단(前段)회전밸런스 특정을 행하고, 그 밸런스 상태가 밸런스 수정가능범위내의 양품인지 불량품인가를 판정하고, 양품은 각종 가공을 실시한 후, 최종적 회전밸런스 측정에 의거해서 밸런스 수정가공을 실시하여 제품을 얻는 한편, 불량품은 사이징공정에 보내어 단조품의 굽힘등을 교정한 후, 다시 상기 전단회전밸런스 측정을 행하도록 구성한 것이다.In order to achieve the above object, the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention performs a shear rotation balance specification on a forged product of a rotating member such as a crankshaft, and determines whether the balance state is a good product or a defective product within a balance correctable range. After the various products have been processed, the balance correction process is performed based on the final rotational balance measurement to obtain the product, while the defective product is sent to the sizing process to correct the bending of the forged product, and then the shear rotation balance measurement is performed again. It is configured to do.

상기 제조방법에 있어서의 소재의 단조공정은, 예를들면 막대형상소재를 가열해서, 소정길이로 절단한후, 로울가공에 의해서 제품단면적량에 대응한 외경가공을 행하고, 단조금형에 삽입해서 가압프레스를 복수 단계 실시하고, 제품주위에 형성된 잉여부분을 분리해서 단조품을 얻는 것이며, 이 단조후에 제품형상에 대응한 금형으로 프레스하고, 또 단조품의 굽힘등을 교정하는 사이징처리를 필요에 따라 행하고, 냉각한다.In the forging step of the raw material in the manufacturing method, for example, the rod-shaped material is heated, cut into a predetermined length, and then subjected to outer diameter processing corresponding to the product cross-sectional area by roll processing, and then inserted into a forging mold and pressurized. Pressing is carried out in a plurality of steps, and the excess portion formed around the product is separated to obtain a forged product. After this forging, a sizing treatment is performed to press a mold corresponding to the product shape and to correct bending of the forged product, as necessary. Cool.

다음에, 상기와 같이 해서 얻은 단조품의 전단회전밸런스 측정을 행하는 것이나, 종래 공지의 회전밸런스 측정기를 사용해서, 단조품을 유지하여 회전구동한 상태에서 언밸런스량을 계측한다. 그리고, 이 언밸런스량이 밸런스 수정가능범위내의 기준치 이하인 경우에는, 최종단계에서의 밸런스수정가공에 의해서 언밸런스의 수정이 가능하다고 판정해서, 제품을 얻기 위한 드릴가공, 연삭가공, 연마가공등의 각종 가공을 실시한후, 최종적으로 회전밸런스 측정을 행하여, 그 언밸런스량이 소정범위내가 되도록 밸런스 수정가공을 실시하고 제품을 얻는 것이다.Next, the shear rotation balance measurement of the forged product obtained as described above is performed, or the unbalance amount is measured in the state in which the forged product is held and rotated using a conventionally known rotation balance measuring instrument. When the unbalance amount is less than or equal to the reference value within the balance correctable range, it is determined that the unbalance can be corrected by the balance correction processing in the final step, and various kinds of processing such as drill processing, grinding processing, polishing processing, etc. to obtain a product are performed. After performing, the rotation balance measurement is finally performed, and the balance correction processing is performed so that the unbalance amount is within a predetermined range to obtain a product.

한편, 상기 단조품의 회전밸런스측정의 결과, 언밸런스량이 기준치를 초과해서 밸런스수정기능범위외의 불량품으로 되어 있는 경우에는, 이 단조품을 사이징공정에 보내어, 제품금형으로 프레스하는 등에 의해서 단조품의 굽힘등을 교정한 후, 재차 상기 전단회전밸런스 측정을 행하고 언밸런스량이 기준치이하의 양품이되면, 상기와 마찬가지로 제품을 얻기 위하여 각종 가공을 행하고, 최종적으로 회전밸런스측정, 밸런스수정가공을 실시하는 것이다. 또, 사이징 공정후에도 언밸런스량이 기준치보다 크고, 최종단계에서의 밸런스수정가공에 의해서 언밸런스의 수정이 불능이라고 판단된 단조품은, 각종 가공을 실시하는 일없이 처분하는 것이다.On the other hand, as a result of the rotational balance measurement of the forged product, if the unbalance amount exceeds the reference value and becomes a defective product outside the balance correction function range, the forged product is sent to a sizing process, and the bending of the forged product is corrected by pressing the product into a mold. After that, the shear rotation balance measurement is performed again, and when the unbalance amount becomes a good product below the reference value, various processes are performed to obtain a product as described above, and finally, rotation balance measurement and balance correction processing are performed. Further, even after the sizing process, the unbalanced amount is larger than the reference value, and the forged product determined to be uncorrectable by the balance correction processing in the final stage is disposed of without performing various processing.

상기와 같은 단조품의 제조방법에서는, 단조후의 단조품에 제품가공을 실시하기전에, 예비적인 회전밸런스 측정을 행하여, 단조품의 최종 단계에서의 밸런스수정 가공에 의해서 소정의 밸런스상태로 하는 것이 가능한 양품에 대해서만, 각종 가공을 행하고, 최종적으로 회전밸런스측정, 밸런스수정가공을 실시하도록 하고 있다. 상기 예비적인 회전밸런스측정의 결과, 불량품에 대해서는 사이징 공정에 의해서 교정한 다음 재차 회전밸런스측정을 행하여 불량품의 발생율을 저감함과 동시에 불량품에 대한 각종 가공을 회피하도록 하고 있다.In the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned forged product, only for the good product which can be made into a predetermined balance state by performing the preliminary rotational balance measurement and performing the balance correction processing in the final stage of the forged product before performing the product processing on the forged product after the forging. Various kinds of processing are carried out, and finally rotational balance measurement and balance correction processing are performed. As a result of the preliminary rotational balance measurement, the defective product is corrected by a sizing process, and then the rotation balance measurement is performed again to reduce the occurrence rate of the defective product and to avoid various processing on the defective product.

이하, 도면에 따라서 본 발명의 실시예를 설명한다.Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

제1도는 엔진의 크랭크축의 제조공정을 표시하고, 제2도는 최종제품의 형상을 표시한다.FIG. 1 shows the manufacturing process of the crankshaft of the engine, and FIG. 2 shows the shape of the final product.

먼저, 단조공정에 의해서 소재를 제품형상으로 성형하는 것이나, 이 단조공정은 막대형상소재(1)를 소정 온도까지 가열하고, 제품이 되는 크랭크축에 대응한 용적량에 의거해서 막대형상소재(1)를 소정길이의 빌릿(billet) (2)으로 절단한다. 그리고, 이 빌릿(2)을 로울가공에 의해서 회전성형하고, 제품크랭크축의 각굽의 축방향 단면적량에 대응해서 축직경이 변화한 축소재(3)를 얻는다.First, the raw material is molded into a product shape by a forging process, and the forging process heats the rod-shaped material 1 to a predetermined temperature, and based on the volume amount corresponding to the crankshaft to be the product, the rod-shaped material 1 Is cut into billets 2 of predetermined length. Then, the billet 2 is rotomolded by roll processing to obtain a shrinkage member 3 whose shaft diameter changes in correspondence with the amount of axial cross-sectional area of the angular heel of the product crankshaft.

이어서, 상기 축소재(3)를 소정형상의 캐비티(cavity)가 형성된 단조용 거친 금형에 삽입해서 가압프레스하고, 제 1 단계의 거친성형을 행하여 전단단조부재(4)로하고, 이어서, 이 전단단조부재(4)를 마무리 금형에 삽입해서 가압프레스하고, 제 2 단계의 마무리성형을 행하여 단조부재(5)를 얻는다. 이 상태에서는, 제품부분(6)의 외주(外周)부분에 잉여소재가 납짝한 형상의 끝말림(burr)(6a)으로서 연접(連接)되고, 이 단조부재(5)를 트림금형에 의해서 상기 끝말림(6a)의 부분을 따내어, 단조품(6)과 분리한다.Subsequently, the shrinkage member 3 is inserted into a forging rough mold having a cavity of a predetermined shape and pressurized, followed by rough molding in the first step to form the shear forging member 4, and then the shearing. The forging member 4 is inserted into the finishing die and pressurized, and the finishing molding in the second step is performed to obtain the forging member 5. In this state, the surplus material is connected to the outer periphery of the product portion 6 as a smooth burr 6a, and the forging member 5 is trimmed by the trim mold. A part of the end 6a is removed and separated from the forging 6.

그리고, 사이징공정으로 이행하고, 상기 단조품(6)을 사이징금형(7)으로 프레스하여, 상기 단조품(6)의 굽힘등을 교정해서 치수정밀도를 높인다. 상기 사이징 처리를 종료한 단조품은, 방냉(放冷) 또는 공냉(空冷)에 의해서 상온상태로 냉각한다.Then, the process proceeds to the sizing process, the forging 6 is pressed by the sizing mold 7, and the bending of the forging 6 is corrected to increase the dimensional accuracy. The forged product which has completed the sizing treatment is cooled to room temperature by air cooling or air cooling.

상기한 바와 같이해서, 단조품(6)을 얻은후에는, 검사공정을 행하는 것이나, 먼저, 다이얼게이지등에 의해서 단조품의 축부 혹은 핀부의 외정, 두께등을 측정하고, 기준치수로 성형되어 있는지 아닌지의 검사를 행한다. 계속해서, 후술하는 제3도에 도시된 회전밸런스 측정기에 의해서 회전밸런스측정, 즉 단조품을 유지해서 회전구동한 상태에서 언밸런스량을 계측한다.As described above, after obtaining the forged product 6, an inspection process is performed, or first, the outer diameter, thickness, etc. of the shaft part or the pin part of the forged product are measured by a dial gauge or the like to check whether it is molded to a reference dimension. Is done. Subsequently, the rotation balance measurement shown in FIG. 3 to be described later measures the rotation balance, that is, the unbalance amount is measured in the state in which the forged product is rotated and driven.

상기 전단회전밸런스측정의 결과, 언밸런스량이 밸런스수정가능범위내의 기준치 이하의 양품인 경우에는, 제품을 얻기 위한 각종 가공공정으로 이행한다. 이 각종 가공으로서는 제2도에 도시한 바와같이, 먼저, 크랭크축(8)의 양단축부(8a), (8b)에 센터구멍(9), (10)을 형성하고, 이 양단축부(8a), (8b) 중간의 각 저어널부(8c) 및 각 핀부(8d)의 외경과 단면(斷面)을 상기 센터구멍(9), (10)을 기준으로 연삭, 연마가공을 행한다. 또, 윤활용 오일통로(11)를 드릴가공에 의해서 형성하고, 그 개구부에 폐색용의 보올(12)을 장전하고, 크랭크축(8)으로서 마무리하는 것이다.As a result of the shear rotation balance measurement, when the unbalance amount is a good product which is less than or equal to the reference value within the balance correctable range, the process proceeds to various processing steps for obtaining a product. As these various processes, as shown in FIG. 2, the center holes 9 and 10 are formed in the both end shaft parts 8a and 8b of the crankshaft 8, and this both end shaft parts 8a are made. (8b) The outer diameters and end faces of the intermediate journal portions 8c and the fin portions 8d are ground and ground based on the center holes 9 and 10. In addition, the oil passage 11 for lubrication is formed by drill processing, the closing bowl 12 is loaded in the opening part, and it finishes as a crankshaft 8.

상기와 같은 각종 가공을 실시한 후, 최종단계로서 후술하는 제4도 및 제5도에 표시하는 바와 같은 회전밸런스 수정장치에 의해서, 제품크랭크축(8)으로서의 밸런스 측정을 행하고, 그 측정결과에 따라서 언밸런스가 발생하고 있는 부분의 웨이트(weight)부(8e)에 밸런스 조정구멍(13)을 형성하는 밸런스수정공정을 실시하여 제품을 얻는 것이다.After performing the above-mentioned various processes, the balance measurement as the product crankshaft 8 is performed by the rotation balance correction apparatus as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 mentioned later as a final step, and according to the measurement result A product is obtained by performing a balance correction step of forming a balance adjustment hole 13 in a weight portion 8e of an unbalanced portion.

한편, 상기 단조품(6)에 대한 전단회전밸런스 측정결과, 언밸런스량이 기준치보다 크고, 그대로는 최종단계에서의 밸런스수정가공에 의해서 언밸런스의 수정이 불가능한 불량품으로 되어 있는 경우에는, 이 불량단조품을 사이징 공정에 보내어, 제품금형으로 프레스하는 등에 의해서 단조품의 굽힘, 예를들면 핀위치, 웨이트형상등을 교정하여, 언밸런스량을 개선한다.On the other hand, as a result of measuring the shear rotation balance on the forged product 6, when the unbalance amount is larger than the reference value and the unbalance cannot be corrected by the balance correction processing in the final stage, the defective forged product is subjected to the sizing process. The bending of the forged product, for example, the pin position, the weight shape, or the like is corrected by pressing in a product mold, and the like, thereby improving the unbalance amount.

또한, 단조품은 사이징을 행하기 전에 가열해 놓고, 사이징시 교정하기 쉽게 해두고 있다. 그리고, 사이징이후, 재차 상기 회전밸런스 측정을 행하고, 언밸런스량이 기준치이하로 되었는지 아닌지를 측정하고, 양품이 되면 상기와 마찬가지로 가공공정으로 이행해서, 제품을 얻기 위해서 각종 가공을 행하고, 최종적으로 회전밸런스 수정장치에 의해서 회전밸런스측정, 밸런스 수정 가공을 실시하는 것이다.In addition, the forged product is heated before sizing and is easy to calibrate during sizing. After the sizing, the rotation balance measurement is again performed, and it is measured whether or not the unbalance amount is lower than the reference value, and when the product is in good condition, the process proceeds to the machining process as described above, and various processing is performed to obtain a product, and finally the rotation balance correction is performed. Rotation balance measurement and balance correction processing are performed by the device.

또, 사이징 공정후에도 언밸런스량이 기준치보다 큰 불량품인 경우에는, 최종 단계에서의 밸런스 수정가공에 의해서 언밸런스의 수정이 불능하기 때문에, 그 불량단조품에 대해서는 각종 가공을 실시하는 일없이 처분하는 것이다.In addition, in the case of a defective product having an unbalance amount larger than the reference value even after the sizing process, since the unbalance correction is impossible by the balance correction processing in the final step, the defective forged product is disposed of without performing various processing.

제3도는 단조품(6)의 회전밸런스를 측정하는 회전밸런스측정기(15)를 표시한다. 이 회전밸런스측정기(15)는, 프레임(16)위의 양쪽에 지지부재(17),(17)가 세워 설치되고, 양쪽에 지지축(18),(19)이 진퇴이동가능하게 설치되고, 지지축(18),(19)의 각 단부에는 단조품(6)의 양단축부(6a)(6b)를 지지하는 척(20),(21)을 구비하고 있다. 이 척(20), (21)은, 4방향으로부터 나사부재(22)를 꽉조여서 단조품(6)의 워어크센터와 척센터를 일치시켜서 지지하는 것이다.3 shows a rotation balance measuring device 15 for measuring the rotation balance of the forging (6). The rotation balance measuring device 15 is provided with support members 17 and 17 upright on both sides of the frame 16, and support shafts 18 and 19 are provided on both sides so as to move forward and backward. Each end of the support shafts 18 and 19 is provided with chucks 20 and 21 for supporting both end shaft portions 6a and 6b of the forging 6. The chucks 20 and 21 tighten the screw member 22 from four directions to support the chuck center of the forging 6 and the chuck center.

한쪽의 지지축(18)에는 밸런스유니트(23)를 개재해서 구동장치(24)로부터의 회전구동력이 전달되어서 단조품(6)을 소정회전수로 구동함과 동시에, 이 회전상태에서 밸런스유니트(23)으로부터 밸런스상태의 검출신호가 측정유니트(25)에 출력되고, 언밸런스량이 측정된다.The rotation driving force from the drive device 24 is transmitted to the one support shaft 18 via the balance unit 23 to drive the forged product 6 at a predetermined rotational speed, and at the same time, the balance unit 23 is rotated. ), The detection signal in balance is output to the measurement unit 25, and the unbalance amount is measured.

또, 상기 프레임(16)위에는 지지부재(17),(17)의 사이에, 세트리프터(26)와 위치결정치구(27)가 설치되어 있다. 위치결정치구(27)는, 단조품(6)의 양단축부(6a), (6b)를 지지하는 V형홈(27a)을 구비하고, 이 위치결정치구(27)위에 얹힌 단조품(6)을 위치결정 지지한다. 세트리프터(26)는, 승강부재(28)의 양단부에 단조품(6)의 저어널부(6c)를 지지하는 V형 홈(29a)이 형성된 쇠장식이 세워 설치되고(29)는, 이 승강부재(28)는 양쪽의 가이드(30)에 의해서 수직방향으로 승강이동 가능하게 지지되고, 중앙하부에 연결된 실린더(31)에 의해서 승강작동되고, 상기 위치결정치구(27)위에 얹힌 단조품(6)을 상기 척(20),(21)에 의한 지지위치로 승강이동하는 것이다.In addition, a set lifter 26 and a positioning fixture 27 are provided on the frame 16 between the supporting members 17 and 17. The positioning fixture 27 is provided with a V-shaped groove 27a for supporting both end portions 6a and 6b of the forging 6, and positioning the forging 6 placed on the positioning fixture 27. I support it. The set lifter 26 is provided with metal fittings formed with V-shaped grooves 29a supporting the journal portion 6c of the forging 6 at both ends of the elevating member 28, and the elevating member (29) 28 is supported by both guides 30 so as to be movable up and down in a vertical direction, and is lifted and operated by a cylinder 31 connected to the lower center, and the forged product 6 mounted on the positioning fixture 27 is above. It moves up and down to the support position by the chucks 20 and 21.

다음에, 제4도 및 제5도는 상기 최종공정에서 사용하는 회전밸런스 수정장치(33)를 표시한다. 이 회전밸런스수정장치(33)는, 프레임(34)위의 양쪽에 지지부재(35),(36)가 세워설치되고, 양쪽에 지지축(37),(38)이 진퇴이동가능하게 설치되어 있다. 이 지지축(37),(38)의 선단에는, 상기 각종 가공공정에서의 가공을 종료한 크랭크축(8)의 센터구멍(9),(10)과 결합해서 지지하는 테이퍼핀(37a),(38a)이 설치되어 있다.4 and 5 show the rotation balance correction device 33 used in the final step. The rotation balance correction device 33 is provided with support members 35 and 36 on both sides of the frame 34, and support shafts 37 and 38 are provided on both sides so as to move forward and backward. have. Tapered pins 37a coupled to the center holes 9 and 10 of the crankshaft 8 having finished the processing in the above various machining processes are supported at the ends of the support shafts 37 and 38; 38a is provided.

한쪽의 지지축(37)에는 밸런스유니트(39)를 개재해서 구동모우터(40)로부터의 회전구동력이 전동벨트(41)를 개재해서 전달되고, 이 지지축(37)과 일체적으로 회전하는 결합부재(42)를 크랭크축(8)의 핀부(8d)등과 결합해서 크랭크축(8)을 소정회전수로 구동한다. 또, 회전구동상태에서 밸런스유니트(39)로부터 밸런스상태의 검출신호가 측정유니트(43)에 출력되어, 언밸런스량이 측정된다. 상기 측정유니트(43)로부터는 지지상태의 크랭크축(8)의 양쪽에 설치된 드릴가공유니트(44)에도 출력되고 언밸런스가 발생하고 있는 위치와 양에 따라서 자동적으로 크랭크축(8)의 소정웨이트부(8e)에 드릴로 밸런스조정구멍(13)을 형성해서 밸런스수정을 행하는 것이다.Rotation driving force from the drive motor 40 is transmitted to the one support shaft 37 via the balance unit 39 via the electric belt 41, and rotates integrally with the support shaft 37. The coupling member 42 is engaged with the pin portion 8d of the crankshaft 8 and the like to drive the crankshaft 8 at a predetermined rotational speed. In addition, in the rotational driving state, the balance detection signal is output from the balance unit 39 to the measurement unit 43, and the unbalance amount is measured. A predetermined weight portion of the crankshaft 8 is automatically output from the measuring unit 43 to the drill processing unit 44 provided on both sides of the crankshaft 8 in a supported state, and automatically according to the position and amount of unbalance. The balance adjustment hole 13 is formed in 8e with a drill to perform balance correction.

상기와 같은 실시예에 의하면, 단조후에 가공전의 단조품(6)에 대해서 회전밸런스 측정을 행하고, 그 언밸런스량이 수정가능범위내의 양품인지 범위외의 불량품인지를 측정하고, 양품인 경우에는 완성품으로 하기 위하여 필요한 각종가공을 실시하고, 최종적으로는 회전밸런스측정과 밸런스수정가공을 실시한다. 한편, 불량품인 경우에는 사이징공정에서 단조품을 교정한 다음 재차 회전밸런스측정을 행하고, 양품이 되었을 경우에는 완성품을 하도록 해서 밸런스수정불능한 크랭크축의 발생을 방지할 수 있고, 수율을 향상할 수 있다. 또, 밸런스 수정불능한 불량단조품에 대한 각종 가공을 삭감할 수 있고, 불필요한 가공처리에 의한 처리능률의 저하, 제조코스트의 증대를 개선할 수가 있다.According to the embodiment as described above, after the forging, the rotational balance measurement is performed on the forged product 6 before processing, and the unbalance amount is measured to determine whether it is a good product within a correctable range or a defective product outside the range. Various processing is carried out, and finally, rotation balance measurement and balance correction processing are performed. On the other hand, in the case of a defective product, the forged product is calibrated in the sizing process, and then rotation balance measurement is again performed, and when the product is a good product, the finished product can be prevented to prevent the occurrence of an unbalanced crankshaft, and the yield can be improved. In addition, it is possible to reduce various kinds of processing for defective forged products which cannot be balanced, and to reduce the processing efficiency due to unnecessary processing and increase the manufacturing cost.

또한, 상기 실시예에서는, 최종공정에서의 회전밸런스 측정과 밸런스 수정가공을 동일스테이션에서 행하도록 하고 있으나, 이와 대신해서 회전밸런스 측정과 밸런스 수정가공을 각각의 스테이션에서 행하여도 되고, 또 회전밸런스측정과 밸런스수정가공을 각각의 스테이션에서 또한 교대로 수회 나누어서 행하도록해도 된다.In the above embodiment, the rotation balance measurement and the balance correction processing in the final process are performed at the same station. Alternatively, the rotation balance measurement and the balance correction processing may be performed at each station, and the rotation balance measurement is also performed. And balance correction processing may be performed at each station in turn and alternately several times.

또한, 상기 실시예에서는 크랭크축의 예에 대해서 표시하였으나, 기타의 회전 부재를 단조품에 의해서 구성하는 경우에도 적용 가능하다.Incidentally, in the above embodiment, the example of the crankshaft is shown, but it is also applicable to the case where the other rotating member is made of a forged product.

상기와 같이 본 발명에 의하면, 단조후의 단조품에 제품가공을 실시하기 전에 회전밸런스 측정을 행하여, 단조품이 최종 단계에서의 밸런스 수정가공에 의해서 소정의 밸런스상태로 하는 것이 가능한 양품인지 불량품인지를 측정하고, 양품에 대해서만 각종 가공을 행하고, 최종적으로 회전밸런스측정, 밸런스수정가공을 실시하는 한편, 불량품에 대해서는 사이징공정에 의해서 교정한 다음 재차 회전밸런스 측정을 행하도록 하고 있기 때문에, 불량품의 발생율을 저감할 수 있음과 동시에, 불량품에 대한 각종 가공을 회피해서, 불필요한 가공처리의 삭감, 재료의 수율을 향상할 수 있어, 코스트면에서 유리하게 되는 것이다.As described above, according to the present invention, the rotational balance measurement is performed before the product is processed in the forged product after forging, and it is determined whether the forged product is a good product or a defective product which can be brought to a predetermined balance state by the balance correction processing in the final stage. In order to reduce the incidence rate of defective products, various processing is performed only for good products, and finally, rotation balance measurement and balance correction processing are performed, while defective products are calibrated by a sizing process and then rotation balance measurement is performed again. At the same time, it is possible to avoid various kinds of processing for defective products, to reduce unnecessary processing and to improve the yield of materials, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

Claims (1)

회전부재를 단조공정에 의해서 소정형상으로 성형해서 단조품을 얻은 후, 상기 단조품의 전단회전밸런스 측정을 행하고, 이 단조품의 밸런스상태가 밸런스 수정가능 범위내의 양품인지 불량품인지 판정하고, 다음에 양품은 각종 가공을 실시한 후, 최종적 회전밸런스 측정에 의거하여 밸런스수정가공을 실시하는 한편, 불량품은 사이징공정에 보내어 교정하고, 재차 상기 전단회전밸런스 측정을 행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 단조품의 제조 방법.After forming the rotating member into a predetermined shape by a forging process to obtain a forged product, the shear rotation balance measurement of the forged product is carried out, and it is determined whether the balance state of the forged product is a good product or a defective product within a balance correctable range. After the processing, the balance correction processing is carried out based on the final rotation balance measurement, while the defective product is sent to the sizing step to correct, and the shear rotation balance measurement is performed again.
KR1019890009982A 1988-07-29 1989-07-13 Manufacture of forged product KR930011522B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63-190114 1988-07-29
JP88-190114 1988-07-29
JP63190114A JP2627933B2 (en) 1988-07-29 1988-07-29 Method of manufacturing rotating member

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KR900001435A KR900001435A (en) 1990-02-27
KR930011522B1 true KR930011522B1 (en) 1993-12-10

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KR1019890009982A KR930011522B1 (en) 1988-07-29 1989-07-13 Manufacture of forged product

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Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3078119B2 (en) * 1992-07-16 2000-08-21 マツダ株式会社 Manufacturing method of crankshaft
KR100365200B1 (en) * 1996-07-26 2003-04-03 기아자동차주식회사 Balancing process of crankshaft manufacturing process
FR2797314B1 (en) * 1999-08-02 2002-03-22 Renault Automation Comau PROCESS FOR MACHINING A CRANKSHAFT ORIGINALLY AVAILABLE FOR THE BALANCING OPERATION AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME
FR2902679B1 (en) * 2006-06-22 2008-09-26 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A CRANKSHAFT
WO2009004738A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-08 Techno-Metal Co., Ltd. Crank shaft and process for manufacturing material therefor
CN102527894B (en) * 2012-01-11 2014-03-12 北京机电研究所 Roll-forging blank making method for G2500 crankshaft
US10189096B2 (en) * 2013-01-31 2019-01-29 Komatsu Ntc Ltd. Crankshaft machining system and crankshaft machining method

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JP2627933B2 (en) 1997-07-09
KR900001435A (en) 1990-02-27
JPH0241730A (en) 1990-02-09

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