KR20220067842A - Lubrication-Free Bearings/Bushings Manufacturing Method Using PTFE-based Polymer Composite Films - Google Patents

Lubrication-Free Bearings/Bushings Manufacturing Method Using PTFE-based Polymer Composite Films Download PDF

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KR20220067842A
KR20220067842A KR1020200154538A KR20200154538A KR20220067842A KR 20220067842 A KR20220067842 A KR 20220067842A KR 1020200154538 A KR1020200154538 A KR 1020200154538A KR 20200154538 A KR20200154538 A KR 20200154538A KR 20220067842 A KR20220067842 A KR 20220067842A
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ptfe
polymer composite
based polymer
metal powder
lubrication
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KR102528463B1 (en
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최현주
권혁우
강원경
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한국자동차연구원
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/208Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/082Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02Elements
    • C08K3/04Carbon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/12Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C08L27/18Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F16C33/206Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with three layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/12Polyvinylhalogenides containing fluorine
    • B32B2327/18PTFE, i.e. polytetrafluoroethylene
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/30Fluoropolymers
    • F16C2208/32Polytetrafluorethylene [PTFE]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30Coating surfaces

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a method for manufacturing an oil-free bearing/bush having anti-wear and low-friction properties, comprising: a step (step 1) of blending a PTFE-based polymer composite material containing an inorganic filler composed of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, and aluminum oxide; a step (step 2) of manufacturing the PTFE-based polymer composite material in the form of a film; a step (step 3) of press-coating the film on a metal powder layer; and a step (step 4) of forming an overlay on the metal powder layer by impregnating the metal powder layer with the PTFE-based polymer composite material, thereby capable of easily processing the inside and having excellent wear resistance.

Description

PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 이용한 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법{Lubrication-Free Bearings/Bushings Manufacturing Method Using PTFE-based Polymer Composite Films}Lubrication-Free Bearings/Bushings Manufacturing Method Using PTFE-based Polymer Composite Films

본 발명은 내마모 저마찰 목적의 세라믹 분말이 포함된 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 이용한 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a lubrication-free bearing/bush using a PTFE-based polymer composite film containing ceramic powder for the purpose of low friction and wear resistance.

일반적으로 무급유 베어링/부시는 백킹 스틸(stainless steel backing plate) 기반 소결된 다공성 금속분말층 위에 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름이 함침되는 형태로 제조된다. 종래 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름은 다공성 금속분말층에 원활히 함침시키기 위하여 슬러리, 페이스트, 건조 분말 등의 형태를 주로 사용하는데, 이 경우 금속분말층 위에 원하는 만큼 두껍게 오버레이를 올리기가 어렵다. 만일 오버레이가 얇을 경우 기계 장치에 장착 전 내면가공 시 중간지지층인 금속분말층이 노출될 수도 있고, 이는 표면조도 및 부품성능 저하로 이어져 결국 장치 구동 초반 길들이기 시 저마찰 천이층의 형성에 제한을 받게 된다. 또한, 오버레이가 충분히 두껍게 형성된 경우에도 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 층의 내마모성이 확보되지 못할 경우 오버레이 효과는 기대할 수 없게 된다. 특히 본 발명의 응용처 중 하나인 가전제품용 컴프레셔에 활용되는 무급유 부시 적용에도 적합하지 않을 수 있다. In general, lubrication-free bearings/bushs are manufactured in a form in which a PTFE-based polymer composite film is impregnated on a sintered porous metal powder layer based on a stainless steel backing plate. Conventional PTFE-based polymer composite film mainly uses the form of slurry, paste, dry powder, etc. in order to smoothly impregnate the porous metal powder layer. In this case, it is difficult to put an overlay as thick as desired on the metal powder layer. If the overlay is thin, the metal powder layer, which is an intermediate support layer, may be exposed during inner processing before mounting on a mechanical device, which leads to a decrease in surface roughness and component performance. do. In addition, even when the overlay is formed thick enough, if the abrasion resistance of the PTFE-based polymer composite material layer is not secured, the overlay effect cannot be expected. In particular, it may not be suitable for application of an oil-free bushing used in a home appliance compressor, which is one of the applications of the present invention.

이를 해결하기 위해, 한국 공개특허 제10-2005-0106066호에서는 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 램 압출방식으로 제조된 비소결 필름을 이용하여 두꺼운 오버레이를 가진, 내면가공이 용이한 무급유 베어링/부시를 제작하였다. 상기 특허문헌에 따르면, PTFE가 열가소성으로 분류되기는 하나 실제로는 열가소성 특성을 보이지 않으므로, 기소결된 필름(예를 들어 소결된 몰드에서 스카이빙된 필름)은 다공성 금속분말층에 함침되기 어려워 적합하지 않다. 따라서, 스카이빙 방법으로 제작된 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 활용하되, 다양한 세라믹 분말 조성 및 최적의 분산/배합기술이 적용된 필름을 제작하는 등과 같은 추가 기술이 필요하다. 즉, 응용/적용하고자 하는 구동부품들의 내마모도 향상은 물론 저마찰 특성을 최대한 확보하기 위한 기술적 접근이 요구된다.To solve this problem, in Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2005-0106066, a non-sintered film manufactured by ram extrusion of a PTFE-based polymer composite material was used to fabricate a lubrication-free bearing/bush with a thick overlay and easy inner surface processing. did According to the above patent document, although PTFE is classified as a thermoplastic, it does not actually show thermoplastic properties, so a pre-sintered film (for example, a film skived from a sintered mold) is difficult to impregnate into the porous metal powder layer, so it is not suitable. . Therefore, while using the PTFE-based polymer composite film produced by the skiving method, additional technologies such as preparing a film to which various ceramic powder compositions and optimal dispersion/blending technology are applied are required. That is, a technical approach is required to maximize the low friction characteristics as well as to improve the wear resistance of the driving parts to be applied/applied.

한국 공개특허 제10-2005-0106066호Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0106066

본 발명의 기술적 사상이 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는, 내면가공이 용이하면서도 내마모성이 우수한 무급유 베어링/부시용 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 제공하는 것이다. 그러나 이러한 과제는 예시적인 것으로, 본 발명의 기술적 사상은 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.The technical problem to be achieved by the technical idea of the present invention is to provide a PTFE-based polymer composite film for an oil-free bearing/bush that is easy to process on the inside and has excellent wear resistance. However, these tasks are exemplary, and the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited thereto.

본 발명의 일 관점에 의하면, 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법이 제공된다.According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a lubrication-free bearing/bush is provided.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 상기 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법은, MoS2, Graphite, Al2O3로 이루어진 무기물 필러를 함유하는 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 배합하는 단계(단계 1); 상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 필름 형태로 제작하는 단계(단계 2); 금속분말층 상에 상기 필름을 압착 코팅하는 단계(단계 3); 및 상기 금속분말층을 상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료로 함침시켜 금속분말층 상에 오버레이를 형성하는 단계(단계 4);를 포함할 수 있다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oil-free bearing/bush manufacturing method comprises the steps of: mixing a PTFE-based polymer composite material containing an inorganic filler consisting of MoS 2 , Graphite, and Al 2 O 3 (step 1); manufacturing the PTFE-based polymer composite material in the form of a film (step 2); Compression coating the film on the metal powder layer (step 3); and impregnating the metal powder layer with the PTFE-based polymer composite material to form an overlay on the metal powder layer (step 4).

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 단계 4의 오버레이는 150 내지 250 μm 두께로 형성될 수 있다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, the overlay of step 4 may be formed to a thickness of 150 to 250 μm.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 단계 2는 스카이빙 공정에 의해 수행될 수 있다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, step 2 may be performed by a skiving process.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 단계 2의 필름은 300 내지 400 μm 두께로 형성될 수 있다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the film of step 2 may be formed to a thickness of 300 to 400 μm.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 단계 3은 압연 또는 핫 프레싱(hot pressing) 공정에 의해 수행될 수 있다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, step 3 may be performed by a rolling or hot pressing process.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 상기 무기물 필러의 함량은, 상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 100 중량%에 대하여, MoS2 3 내지 10 중량%, Graphite 10 내지 20 중량%, Al2O3 1 내지 5 중량%를 포함할 수 있다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of the inorganic filler is, with respect to 100% by weight of the PTFE-based polymer composite material, MoS 2 3 to 10% by weight, Graphite 10 to 20% by weight, Al 2 O 3 1 to 5 % by weight.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 단계 4의 오버레이는, 상기 금속분말층 내부로 침투하지 않은 나머지 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료로 구성될 수 있다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, the overlay of step 4 may be composed of the remaining PTFE-based polymer composite material that has not penetrated into the metal powder layer.

본 발명의 기술적 사상에 의할 경우, 스카이브드(skived) 필름 형태로 된 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 이용하여 무급유 베어링/부시를 제조함으로써 오버레이를 두껍게 형성시킬 수 있고, 그에 따라 부품조립을 위해 필수적으로 진행되는 내면가공 공정에서 표면조도 요구도 및 오버레이 두께관련 요구도를 충분히 만족시킬 수 있다. 더불어, 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 시 첨가되는 미세한 세라믹 분말들은 오버레이 내에 고르게 분산되어 부품의 수명 및 내마모성을 향상시키는 데 크게 도움을 준다. According to the technical idea of the present invention, the overlay can be thickly formed by manufacturing the lubrication-free bearing/bush using the PTFE-based polymer composite material in the form of a skived film. It can sufficiently satisfy the requirements related to the surface roughness and the thickness of the overlay in the progressing inner surface processing process. In addition, fine ceramic powders added during the manufacture of lubrication-free bearings/busses are evenly dispersed in the overlay, greatly helping to improve the lifespan and wear resistance of parts.

상술한 본 발명의 효과들은 예시적으로 기재되었고, 이러한 효과들에 의해 본 발명의 범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다.The above-described effects of the present invention have been described by way of example, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these effects.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 제작하는 공정을 나타낸 모식도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름의 함침 공정을 나타낸 모식도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 제작된 3종의 대표사진으로, (a)PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름, (b)백킹 스틸 위 금속분말층 소결 및 필름 함침/압착 공정을 거친 사각 평판, 그리고 (c)최종품인 무급유 부시 형상 사진이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 제조된 복합재료 필름(a)과 이를 이용하여 금속분말층에 함침시킨 [내면가공 전의] 부시(b)에 대해 주사전자현미경으로 관찰한 미세구조 단면 대표사진이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 제조된 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름의 마찰마모특성 평가를 위해 별도 제작한 (a)사각시험편과 마찰상대재[S45C, Ø8 pin type] 에 대한 대표 사진과, 이때 사용된 (b)왕복모드 마찰마모 시험평가 장치 사진이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 제조된 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름에 대한 마찰마모 시험평가 결과로, 도 5에 나타낸 시험편 및 상대재를 사용하여 평가한 결과이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 제조된 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 이용하여 만든 무급유 부시의 기본성능평가인 마찰계수 변화를 선진제품 대비 비교한 그래프이다.
1 is a schematic view showing a process for producing a PTFE-based polymer composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the impregnation process of the PTFE-based polymer composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a representative photograph of three types produced according to an embodiment of the present invention, (a) a PTFE-based polymer composite film, (b) a square plate that has undergone a metal powder layer sintering and film impregnation/compression process on the backing steel; And (c) is a picture of the final product, the shape of the non-lubricated bush.
4 is a representative photograph of a microstructure cross-section observed with a scanning electron microscope for a composite film (a) prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention and a bush (b) impregnated with a metal powder layer using the same [before inner processing] to be.
5 is a representative photograph of (a) a square test piece and a friction counter material [S45C, Ø8 pin type] prepared separately for the evaluation of the friction wear characteristics of the PTFE-based polymer composite film prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention; (b) A photograph of the reciprocating mode friction wear test evaluation device used at this time.
6 is a friction wear test evaluation result for the PTFE-based polymer composite film prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a result of evaluation using the test piece and the counter material shown in FIG.
7 is a graph comparing the change in the friction coefficient, which is the basic performance evaluation of the oil-free bush made using the PTFE-based polymer composite film prepared according to the embodiment of the present invention, compared to the advanced products.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 본 발명의 실시예들은 당해 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 더욱 완전하게 설명하기 위하여 제공되는 것이며, 하기 실시예는 여러 가지 다른 형태로 변형될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 기술적 사상의 범위가 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 오히려, 이들 실시예는 본 개시를 더욱 충실하고 완전하게 하고, 당업자에게 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 완전하게 전달하기 위하여 제공되는 것이다. 본 명세서에서 동일한 부호는 시종 동일한 요소를 의미한다. 나아가, 도면에서의 다양한 요소와 영역은 개략적으로 그려진 것이다. 따라서, 본 발명의 기술적 사상은 첨부한 도면에 그려진 상대적인 크기나 간격에 의해 제한되지 않는다. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention are provided to more completely explain the technical idea of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the following examples may be modified in various other forms, The scope of the technical idea is not limited to the following examples. Rather, these embodiments are provided so as to more fully and complete the present disclosure, and to fully convey the technical spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art. In the present specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout. Furthermore, various elements and regions in the drawings are schematically drawn. Accordingly, the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by the relative size or spacing drawn in the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 윤활공급이 용이하지 못한 기계부품에 적용되는 무급유 베어링(bearings) 또는 부시(bushings)의 제조 방법을 제공하며, MoS2, Graphite, Al2O3로 이루어진 무기물 필러를 함유하는 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 배합하는 단계(단계 1), 상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 필름 형태로 제작하는 단계(단계 2), 금속분말층 상에 상기 필름을 압착 코팅하는 단계(단계 3) 및 상기 금속분말층을 상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료로 함침시켜 금속분말층 상에 오버레이를 형성하는 단계(단계 4)를 포함한다.The present invention provides a method for manufacturing lubrication-free bearings or bushings applied to mechanical parts that are not easily lubricated, and MoS 2 , Graphite, Al 2 O 3 PTFE-based polymer containing an inorganic filler composed of Blending the composite material (step 1), manufacturing the PTFE-based polymer composite material in the form of a film (step 2), press-coating the film on the metal powder layer (step 3), and the metal powder layer impregnating with the PTFE-based polymer composite material to form an overlay on the metal powder layer (step 4).

이하, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법을 각 단계별로 설명한다. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a lubrication-free bearing/bush according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in each step.

본 발명에 따른 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법에 있어서, 단계 1은 MoS2(이황화 몰리브데늄), Graphite(흑연), Al2O3(산화알루미늄)로 이루어진 무기물 필러를 함유하는 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 배합하는 단계이다. 25μm 크기의 PTFE(폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌) 기지 내에 MoS2를 3 내지 10 중량%, Graphite 를 10 내지 20 중량% 범위 내에서 첨가하고, 평균입경(D50)이 5μm 크기인 Al2O3를 1 내지 5 중량% 첨가하여 PTFE 수지 내에 잘 분산되도록 배합하여 벌크(bulk) 형태로 만든다. 고체윤활제로 사용되는 판상구조를 갖는 MoS2와 Graphite 분말은 마찰특성을 향상시켜 기계부품의 윤활성을 높여주는 역할을 한다. 고체윤활제는 분산성이 좋고 윤활성이 크게 떨어지지 않는 구형의 입자를 사용할 수 있다. 경도가 높고 초미세한 Al2O3 분말은 수지 내 내마모성을 향상시키는 데 주요한 역할을 한다. 고분자 복합재료 내의 Al2O3의 함량이 1 중량% 미만이면 내마모성 강화효과가 충분하지 않으며, 5 중량% 초과하면 입자간 응집으로 인하여 오히려 내마모성이 떨어진다는 것을 실험적으로 확인하였다. 따라서 상기와 같은 조성의 배합된 복합재료를 사용하면, 오일 공급이 없어도 지속적인 윤활성 확보가 가능해질 뿐만 아니라 부품의 내마모 특성 향상 또한 크게 기대할 수 있다. In the oil-free bearing/bush manufacturing method according to the present invention, step 1 is a PTFE-based polymer composite material containing an inorganic filler consisting of MoS 2 (molybdenum disulfide), Graphite (graphite), and Al 2 O 3 (aluminum oxide) is the step of combining MoS 2 in the PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) matrix having a size of 25 μm is added within 3 to 10 wt%, and graphite is added within the range of 10 to 20 wt%, and the average particle diameter (D 50 ) is 5 μm in size Al 2 O 3 1 to 5% by weight is added and blended so as to be well dispersed in the PTFE resin to form a bulk. MoS 2 and graphite powder, which have a plate-like structure used as solid lubricants, improve friction properties and play a role in enhancing the lubricity of mechanical parts. As the solid lubricant, spherical particles having good dispersibility and not significantly inferior in lubricity may be used. The high hardness and ultrafine Al 2 O 3 powder play a major role in improving the abrasion resistance in the resin. If the content of Al 2 O 3 in the polymer composite material is less than 1% by weight, the effect of strengthening the wear resistance is not sufficient, and when it exceeds 5% by weight, it was confirmed experimentally that the wear resistance is rather deteriorated due to agglomeration between particles. Therefore, when the compounded material having the above composition is used, it is possible to ensure continuous lubrication even without oil supply, as well as to greatly improve the wear resistance of parts.

기타 첨가제로 계면 활성제, 소포제, 흐름성 개선제, 산화 방지제 등을 포함할 수 있다. 첨가제의 양은 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 조성물 총 중량에 대하여 0.1~5중량%가 적절하다. 첨가제의 함량이 0.1중량% 미만이면 첨가제의 효과를 기대하기 어려우며, 5 중량%를 초과하면 첨가제 성분의 분리 및 응집이 생길 수 있을 뿐 아니라 첨가제 함량에 비하여 그 효과 상승 면에서 실효성을 기대하기 어렵다.Other additives may include surfactants, defoamers, flow improvers, antioxidants, and the like. The amount of the additive is suitably 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the PTFE-based polymer composite material composition. If the content of the additive is less than 0.1% by weight, it is difficult to expect the effect of the additive, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, separation and agglomeration of the additive components may occur, and it is difficult to expect effectiveness in terms of increasing the effect compared to the content of the additive.

본 발명에 따른 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법에 있어서, 단계 2는 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 필름 형태로 제작하는 단계이다. 필름 제작 방법은 목적 및 적용 대상에 따라 적절하게 선택할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이, 압축성형 및 고온 소결된 PTFE계 복합재료 몰드를 얇게 깎아내는 스카이빙(skiving) 방식으로 제작할 수 있다. 이때의 필름 두께는 300 내지 400 μm 가 적당하다. PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름이 스카이브드 필름이므로 종래의 슬러리나 페이스트 또는 램 압출된 필름과 달리, 함침 후 수지를 소결시키는 과정은 생략될 수 있다. In the oil-free bearing/bush manufacturing method according to the present invention, step 2 is a step of manufacturing the PTFE-based polymer composite material in the form of a film. The film production method may be appropriately selected according to the purpose and application target. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , it can be manufactured by a skiving method in which a PTFE-based composite material mold that has been compression-molded and sintered at a high temperature is thinly cut. In this case, the film thickness of 300 to 400 μm is suitable. Since the PTFE-based polymer composite film is a skived film, the process of sintering the resin after impregnation can be omitted, unlike the conventional slurry, paste, or ram-extruded film.

본 발명에 따른 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법에 있어서, 단계 3은 금속분말층 상에 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 압착 코팅하는 단계이다. 금속분말층은 다공성 구조이며, 철계(Iron), 청동계(bronze), 철-구리계(Fe-Cu) 금속 및 이들의 합금 중 어느 하나의 금속분말을 포함할 수 있다. 상기 금속분말층 상에 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름을 올리고, 약 300~360 ℃의 온도에서 가압하여 압착한다. 상기 압착은 압연 또는 핫 프레싱(hot pressing) 공정에 의해 수행될 수 있다. In the oil-free bearing/bush manufacturing method according to the present invention, step 3 is a step of press-coating a PTFE-based polymer composite film on the metal powder layer. The metal powder layer has a porous structure, and may include any one metal powder of an iron-based, bronze-based, iron-copper-based (Fe-Cu) metal, and alloys thereof. A PTFE-based polymer composite film is placed on the metal powder layer and compressed by pressing at a temperature of about 300 to 360 °C. The pressing may be performed by a rolling or hot pressing process.

본 발명에 따른 무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법에 있어서, 단계 4는 상기 금속 분말층을 상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료로 함침시켜 금속분말층 상에 오버레이를 형성하는 단계이다. 도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 필름의 함침 및 오버레이 형성 과정을 나타낸 모식도이다. 도 2를 참조하면, 백킹 스틸(100), 금속 분말(20)을 함유하는 금속분말층(200) 및 고분자 복합재료 필름(300)이 차례로 적층된 구조체를 고온에서 압착한다. 가해준 압력(P)에 의해 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료가 금속 분말층(200) 내부 기공에 침투한다. 금속분말층(200’) 내로 함침된 일부 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 제외한 나머지 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료가 오버레이(400)층을 형성한다. 상기와 같이 오버레이 형성 후 그 사용처 및 목적에 따라 원통형 플레인 베어링(plain bearings) 또는 스러스트 베어링(thrust washer bearing) 형태로 가공하여 사용한다. In the oil-free bearing/bush manufacturing method according to the present invention, step 4 is a step of forming an overlay on the metal powder layer by impregnating the metal powder layer with the PTFE-based polymer composite material. 2 is a schematic view showing the impregnation and overlay formation process of the PTFE-based polymer composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2 , the backing steel 100 , the metal powder layer 200 containing the metal powder 20 , and the polymer composite film 300 are sequentially laminated and pressed at a high temperature. The PTFE-based polymer composite material penetrates into the internal pores of the metal powder layer 200 by the applied pressure (P). The remaining PTFE-based polymer composite materials except for some PTFE-based polymer composite materials impregnated into the metal powder layer 200 ′ form the overlay 400 layer. After forming the overlay as described above, it is processed and used in the form of cylindrical plain bearings or thrust washer bearings depending on the intended use and purpose.

이때 특히, 내면가공 후의 최종 오버레이(400)는 150 내지 250 μm 두께가 적절하며, 중간층인 금속분말층(200’)의 상부에 위치한다. 만일 오버레이가 150 μm 미만일 경우 부품조립/장착을 위해 반드시 필요한 내면가공 시 금속분말층이 노출될 우려가 있고, 반대로 오버레이가 250 μm 를 초과할 경우 최종 부품조립/장착 시 조립공차에 영향을 줄 수 있고, 궁극적으로는 금속분말층과의 계면접착력 감소 및 다량의 마모파편(debris) 발생 요인이 될 수도 있어 제조공정 상 주의해야 한다. At this time, in particular, the final overlay 400 after inner surface processing has a suitable thickness of 150 to 250 μm, and is located on top of the metal powder layer 200 ′, which is an intermediate layer. If the overlay is less than 150 μm, there is a risk that the metal powder layer may be exposed during inner processing, which is essential for assembly/installation of parts. In the manufacturing process, care must be taken as it may ultimately reduce the interfacial adhesion with the metal powder layer and cause a large amount of wear debris.

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 다만, 이들 실시예는 오로지 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것으로서, 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시예에 의해 제한되는 것으로 해석되지는 않는다 할 것이다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited by these examples.

<실시예> <Example>

PTFE에 무기물 필러 및 용매를 혼합한 고분자 복합재료 조성물을 제조한 후 이를 원통형 틀에 붓고 압축, 소결하여 몰드를 제작하였다. 상기 몰드를 얇게 깎아내어 필름을 다공성 구리(bronze) 분말층 상부에 접합시킨 후 압착하여 다공성 구리분말층을 고분자 복합재료로 함침시켰다. 아래 표 1은 본 발명을 위해 제작된 필름 7종을 구성하는 세라믹 분말 구성비를 나타내었다.After preparing a polymer composite material composition in which PTFE was mixed with an inorganic filler and a solvent, it was poured into a cylindrical mold, compressed and sintered to prepare a mold. The mold was cut thin, the film was bonded to the upper portion of the porous copper (bronze) powder layer, and then compressed to impregnate the porous copper powder layer with the polymer composite material. Table 1 below shows the composition ratio of ceramic powder constituting 7 types of films prepared for the present invention.

구분division MoS2(wt%)MoS 2 (wt%) Graphite(wt%)Graphite (wt%) BN(wt%)BN (wt%) Al2O3(wt%)Al 2 O 3 (wt%) 1One 비교예1Comparative Example 1 -- -- -- -- 22 비교예2Comparative Example 2 55 2020 -- -- 33 비교예3Comparative Example 3 55 2020 33 -- 44 실시예1Example 1 55 2020 -- 33 55 비교예4Comparative Example 4 55 2020 55 -- 66 실시예2Example 2 55 2020 -- 55 77 비교예5Comparative Example 5 55 -- -- --

<실험예 1> <Experimental Example 1>

실시예에 따라 제작된 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 사각 시험편의 마찰마모특성을 평가하였다. 도 5는 (a)사각 시험편과 마찰상대재[S45C, Ø8 pin type]에 대한 대표사진과 이때 사용된 (b)왕복모드 마찰마모 시험평가 장치[TE77HS, Plint & partners Co., Ltd., U.K.] 사진이다. 표 2와 도 6에 평가 결과를 나타내었다.The frictional wear characteristics of the PTFE-based polymer composite material square specimens prepared according to Examples were evaluated. 5 is (a) a representative photograph of a square test piece and a friction counter member [S45C, Ø8 pin type] and (b) a reciprocating mode friction wear test evaluation device [TE77HS, Plint & partners Co., Ltd., U.K. ] is a picture. Table 2 and FIG. 6 show the evaluation results.

사각평판 NO.Square plate NO. 구분division 기본조건: stroke 4.6mm/RT/무윤활
[상대재:Φ8 pin, S45C]
Basic conditions: stroke 4.6mm/RT/no lubrication
[Compatible material: Φ8 pin, S45C]
주요 조건main condition COF [μ]COF [μ] Wear-depth (μm)Wear-depth (μm) RemarksRemarks 1One 비교예1Comparative Example 1 100 N/
20 Hz/
5,000 sec
100 N/
20 Hz/
5,000 sec
0.158/0.3860.158/0.386 210.7210.7 고하중 조건 불가No high load conditions
22 비교예2Comparative Example 2 500 N/
20 Hz/
5,000 sec
500 N/
20 Hz/
5,000 sec
0.144/ Failed0.144/ Failed 231.7231.7 고하중 조건 실시High load conditions
33 비교예3Comparative Example 3 0.1340.134 108.0108.0 44 실시예1Example 1 0.1790.179 19.719.7 55 비교예4Comparative Example 4 0.1360.136 101.6101.6 66 실시예2Example 2 0.1840.184 23.823.8 77 비교예5Comparative Example 5 100 N/
20 Hz/
5,000 sec
100 N/
20 Hz/
5,000 sec
0.215/ 0.246
0.215/0.246
183.4183.4 고하중 조건 불가No high load conditions

평가 결과, (1)기본 PTFE 수지만을 사용 시(비교예 1), 시험편이 가장 많이 마모되었고 금속분말층 또한 과도하게 노출/마모되어 마찰계수가 급격히 상승하였다. (2) 고체윤활제인 MoS2와 Graphite 조합의 경우 내마모성 측면에서는 크게 효과를 보지 못하였다(비교예 2). (3) MoS2와 Graphite가 첨가된 조합에 평균입경(D50)이 1μm 크기인 BN 분말을 첨가했을 경우는 마찰계수 측면에서 현저히 낮은 값을 유지하였으나 여전히 내마모 특성에는 효과를 보지 못하였다(비교예 3, 4). (4) 실시예 1, 2와 같이 높은 경도의 세라믹 필러인 Al2O3를 첨가해야 스카이빙된 PTFE 고분자 복합재료 필름이 무급유 베어링 부시로서 높은 내마모성을 가질 수 있음을 그래프 상 실험적으로 확인하였다. 또한, 도 6의 맨 아래 시험편 별 색분포 사진은 시험평가 후 사각평판 필름 표면의 마모흔을 마모깊이 별로 분석한 결과로, 사각평판 #1, 2, 3, 7의 경우 금속분말층의 노출이 확인되었고, 사각평판 #4 ~ 6 은 고하중 조건에서도 금속분말층의 노출이 없고 표면에 PTFE 층이 여전히 남아있음(green color, depth ≒ 0) 을 보여준다. As a result of the evaluation, (1) when only the basic PTFE resin was used (Comparative Example 1), the test piece was worn the most, and the metal powder layer was also excessively exposed/weared, resulting in a rapid increase in the friction coefficient. (2) The combination of MoS 2 and graphite, which is a solid lubricant, did not have a significant effect in terms of abrasion resistance (Comparative Example 2). (3) When BN powder having an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 1 μm was added to the combination in which MoS 2 and graphite were added, a significantly low value was maintained in terms of friction coefficient, but still no effect was seen on the wear resistance ( Comparative Examples 3 and 4). (4) As in Examples 1 and 2, it was confirmed experimentally on the graph that the skived PTFE polymer composite film could have high abrasion resistance as a lubrication-free bearing bush only when Al 2 O 3 as a high hardness ceramic filler was added. In addition, the color distribution photo for each specimen at the bottom of FIG. 6 is the result of analyzing the wear marks on the surface of the rectangular flat plate film by wear depth after test evaluation. In the case of square flat plates #1, 2, 3, and 7, the metal powder layer It was confirmed, and square plates #4 to 6 show that there was no exposure of the metal powder layer even under high load conditions and the PTFE layer still remained on the surface (green color, depth ≒ 0).

<실험예 2><Experimental Example 2>

실시예에 따라 도 5와 같이 제작된 사각평판을 부시 형태로 말아서 기본성능평가를 실시하였고 그 결과를 도 7에 나타내었다. 도 7의 비교예는 현재 사용되는 선진사 상용제품을 사용하였고, 동일한 시험조건에서 실시한 결과, 비교예에 비해 실시예에 따라 제작된 무급유 부시 제품의 마찰계수와 마모량이 크게 향상되었음을 확인하였다. According to the embodiment, the basic performance evaluation was performed by rolling the square plate manufactured as shown in FIG. 5 in the form of a bush, and the results are shown in FIG. 7 . In the comparative example of FIG. 7, a commercial product currently used by Sunjin Corporation was used, and as a result of the same test conditions, it was confirmed that the friction coefficient and the amount of wear of the oil-free bush product manufactured according to the example were significantly improved compared to the comparative example.

따라서, 상기 결과로부터 본 발명의 재료 및 방법은 당업계에 공지된 물질에 비해 가공성, 마모 성능에서 유의한 개선을 제공하는 것을 알 수 있다. Accordingly, it can be seen from the above results that the materials and methods of the present invention provide significant improvements in processability and wear performance compared to materials known in the art.

이상에서 설명한 본 발명의 기술적 사상이 전술한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 한정되지 않으며, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 여러 가지 치환, 변형 및 변경이 가능하다는 것은, 본 발명의 기술적 사상이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어 명백할 것이다.The technical spirit of the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is the technical spirit of the present invention that various substitutions, modifications and changes are possible without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art to which this belongs.

100: 백킹 스틸
20: 금속분말
200, 200’: 금속분말층
300: 고분자 복합재료 필름
400: 오버레이
100: backing steel
20: metal powder
200, 200': metal powder layer
300: polymer composite material film
400: overlay

Claims (7)

MoS2, Graphite, Al2O3로 이루어진 무기물 필러를 함유하는 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 배합하는 단계(단계 1);
상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료를 필름 형태로 제작하는 단계(단계 2);
금속분말층 상에 상기 필름을 압착 코팅하는 단계(단계 3); 및
상기 금속분말층을 상기 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료로 함침시켜 금속분말층 상에 오버레이를 형성하는 단계(단계 4);를 포함하는,
무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법.
MoS 2 , Graphite, Al 2 O 3 Step of blending a PTFE-based polymer composite containing an inorganic filler consisting of (step 1);
manufacturing the PTFE-based polymer composite material in the form of a film (step 2);
Compression coating the film on the metal powder layer (step 3); and
Including; impregnating the metal powder layer with the PTFE-based polymer composite material to form an overlay on the metal powder layer (step 4);
Lubrication-free bearing/bush manufacturing method.
제 1 항에 있어서,
단계 4의 오버레이는 150 내지 250 μm 두께로 형성되는,
무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법.
The method of claim 1,
The overlay of step 4 is formed to a thickness of 150 to 250 μm,
Lubrication-free bearing/bush manufacturing method.
제 1 항에 있어서,
단계 2는 스카이빙 공정에 의해 수행되는,
무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법.
The method of claim 1,
Step 2 is performed by a skiving process,
Lubrication-free bearing/bush manufacturing method.
제 1 항에 있어서,
단계 2의 필름은 300 내지 400 μm 두께로 형성되는,
무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법.
The method of claim 1,
The film of step 2 is formed to a thickness of 300 to 400 μm,
Lubrication-free bearing/bush manufacturing method.
제 1 항에 있어서,
단계 3은 압연 또는 핫 프레싱(Hot Pressing) 공정에 의해 수행되는,
무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법.
The method of claim 1,
Step 3 is performed by a rolling or hot pressing process,
Lubrication-free bearing/bush manufacturing method.
제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 무기물 필러의 함량은,
PTFE계 고분자 복합재료 100 중량%에 대하여, MoS2 3 내지 10 중량%, Graphite 10 내지 20 중량%, Al2O3 1 내지 5 중량%를 포함하는,
무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법.
The method of claim 1,
The content of the inorganic filler is,
With respect to 100% by weight of the PTFE-based polymer composite material, MoS 2 3 to 10% by weight, Graphite 10 to 20% by weight, Al 2 O 3 1 to 5% by weight comprising,
Lubrication-free bearing/bush manufacturing method.
제 1 항에 있어서,
단계 4의 오버레이는,
상기 금속분말층 내부로 침투하지 않은 나머지 PTFE계 고분자 복합재료로 구성되는,
무급유 베어링/부시 제조 방법.
The method of claim 1,
The overlay in step 4 is,
Consisting of the remaining PTFE-based polymer composite material that has not penetrated into the metal powder layer,
Lubrication-free bearing/bush manufacturing method.
KR1020200154538A 2020-11-18 2020-11-18 Lubrication-Free Bearings/Bushings Manufacturing Method Using PTFE-based Polymer Composite Films KR102528463B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61108651A (en) * 1984-11-01 1986-05-27 Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd Bearing material
KR20050106066A (en) 2003-03-03 2005-11-08 글라시어 갈록 베어링스, 인크. Boreable plain bearing material
KR20120107692A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-10-04 유한회사 한국 타코닉 Material for manufacturing sliding bearing with self-lubricating function and sliding bearing manufactured thereby
KR20160133237A (en) * 2015-05-12 2016-11-22 창원금속공업(주) Oilless bearing comprising sliding layer consisted of complex element
JP2020127999A (en) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-27 Ntn株式会社 Sheet material for slide guide surface

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61108651A (en) * 1984-11-01 1986-05-27 Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd Bearing material
KR20050106066A (en) 2003-03-03 2005-11-08 글라시어 갈록 베어링스, 인크. Boreable plain bearing material
KR20120107692A (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-10-04 유한회사 한국 타코닉 Material for manufacturing sliding bearing with self-lubricating function and sliding bearing manufactured thereby
KR20160133237A (en) * 2015-05-12 2016-11-22 창원금속공업(주) Oilless bearing comprising sliding layer consisted of complex element
JP2020127999A (en) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-27 Ntn株式会社 Sheet material for slide guide surface

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