KR20180021963A - A method of cultivating Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii for increasing immunostimulants and a method of extracting therefrom - Google Patents

A method of cultivating Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii for increasing immunostimulants and a method of extracting therefrom Download PDF

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KR20180021963A
KR20180021963A KR1020160106277A KR20160106277A KR20180021963A KR 20180021963 A KR20180021963 A KR 20180021963A KR 1020160106277 A KR1020160106277 A KR 1020160106277A KR 20160106277 A KR20160106277 A KR 20160106277A KR 20180021963 A KR20180021963 A KR 20180021963A
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오득실
위안진
박화식
방미애
정종기
정보람
신보연
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전라남도
재단법인 전남생물산업진흥원
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
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    • A01G18/64Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
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    • A01G18/68Cultivation bottles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14Fungi; Culture media therefor

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a cultivation culture medium of Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii, a method for cultivating Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii by using the same, and an extraction method capable of maximizing a content of a useful component from the cultivated Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii.

Description

면역물질 증진을 위한 참바늘버섯의 재배 방법 및 그 추출방법{A method of cultivating Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii for increasing immunostimulants and a method of extracting therefrom}Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a true needle mushroom for enhancing an immune substance and a method of extracting it from a cultivated Mycoleptodonoides,

본 발명은 베타글루칸(β-glucan) 등의 면역증강물질이 포함된 참바늘버섯에 있어서, 상기 면역증강물질을 포함한 유용성분의 함량을 증가시키기 위한 참바늘버섯의 재배 방법과 그 참바늘버섯으로부터 면역증강물질을 포함한 유용성분을 효과적으로 추출하기 위한 추출방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for cultivating true needle mushroom to increase the content of a useful ingredient including the immunostimulating substance in a true needle mushroom containing an immunostimulating substance such as beta-glucan, The present invention relates to an extraction method for effectively extracting a useful component including an immunostimulating substance.

참바늘버섯(Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii)은 가을철에 활엽수 고사목에서 집단발생하는 식·약용버섯으로 오대산, 지리산, 강원도, 제주도 등에서 야생으로 발견되고 있으나 국내에서는 아직 널리 알려져 있지 않은 버섯이다. 자실체는 대가 없으며 다수 중첩으로 발생하며 조직은 유연한 육질이나 마르면 강인해진다. 모양은 부채꼴로 다수 중생하고 크기는 3~10cm로 표면은 밋밋하고 백색 또는 담황색이며 가장자리는 치아상이다. 자실체의 두께는 2~5mm로 상큼한 과일향이 강하지만 마르면 향이 없어진다. 갓의 아래쪽은 무수한 침상돌기로 바늘은 뾰족하고 길이는 3~10mm로 백색이며 마르면 약간 갈색을 띤다.Mushroom ( Mycoleptodonoides aitchisoni i) is a food and medicinal mushroom clustered in hardwood dead wood in autumn. It is found in the wild in Odae, Jiri, Gangwon and Jeju Island, but it is not widely known in Korea. Fruiting body is free of stomach and occurs in multiple overlapping, and tissue becomes soft meat or becomes strong when dried. The shape is a fan, many are regenerated. The size is 3 ~ 10cm. The surface is plain, white or pale yellow, and the edge is tooth. The thickness of fruiting body is 2 ~ 5mm and the fresh fruit flavor is strong, but when dried, the fragrance disappears. The underside of the umbrella is a number of acupuncture needles, the needles are pointed, 3-10mm long, white, and slightly brown when dried.

참바늘버섯은 인체내 면역조절기능과 항상성 유지, 혈당강하 및 혈압조절, 그리고 뇌기능 개선 및 항종양효과 등이 있다고 여러 논문을 통해 밝혀졌다. 이외에도 참바늘버섯에서 분리정제한 렉틴의 혈구응집평가를 실시한 결과 당응집력이 매우 강한 것으로 나타났으며(Hirokazu 등, 2001), 참바늘버섯 추출물이 스트레스나 우울증에 효과가 있는 도파민의 방출 또한 증진시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다(Choi 등, 2009; Satoshi 등, 2004; Okuyama 등,2004). 또한 쥐의 피부를 대상으로 참바늘버섯 메탄올 추출물을 쥐의 피부암 2단계에서 처리한 결과 발암증진 억제효과가 있는 것으로 나타나는 등(Ken 등 1998) 국내에는 아직 알려지지 않아 연구가 미흡한 실정이지만 해외에서는 기능성이 높은 버섯으로 알려져 있다. 이렇게 기능성이 높은 버섯임에도 불구하고 참바늘버섯은 국내에서는 물론 일본에서도 인공재배에 대한 기술이 개발되어 있지 않은 상황이며, 생산의 대부분을 자연에서 채취하는것에 의존하고 있다.Several studies have found that true needle mushrooms have immunomodulatory and homeostatic functions in the body, blood glucose lowering and blood pressure control, brain function improvement and antitumor effect. In addition, the blood coagulation evaluation of lectins isolated from true needle mushrooms showed very strong cohesive sugars (Hirokazu et al., 2001), and the extract of Mushroom extract promotes the release of dopamine, which is effective for stress and depression (Choi et al., 2009; Satoshi et al., 2004; Okuyama et al., 2004). In addition, the methanol extract of Tricholoma mushroom in rat skin was found to have an inhibitory effect on carcinogenesis in the second stage of skin cancer (Ken et al., 1998). It is known as high mushroom. In spite of this highly functional mushroom, true needle mushroom has not developed artificial cultivation technology in domestic as well as in Japan, and relies on collecting most of its production from nature.

이에 본 출원인은 참바늘버섯에 대한 연구를 시작한 이래 한국등록특허 제10-1110487호에서 신규한 참바늘버섯 균주 및 이를 인공배양하는 방법과 한국등록특허 제10-호에서 참바늘버섯의 인공재배방법을 개발하였으며, 지속적인 연구를 통하여 참바늘버섯에 함유된 베타글루칸(β-glucan)과 같은 면역물질을 포함한 유용물질의 함유량이 증가된 참바늘버섯의 배양 방법 등을 개발하고, 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다.The present applicant has been studying the true needle mushroom since Korean Patent No. 10-1110487, and a method of artificial cultivation thereof and a method of artificial cultivation of true needle mushroom in Korean Patent No. 10- And a method for cultivating true needle mushroom in which the content of a useful substance including an immunological substance such as beta-glucan contained in true needle mushroom was increased through continuous research, and completed the present invention .

따라서, 본 발명의 하나의 목적은 베타글루칸과 같은 면역증강물질을 포함한 유용물질이 증가되어 함유된 참바늘버섯을 재배하기 위한 방법을 제공하는 것이다.Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a method for growing true needle mushrooms containing an increased amount of useful substances including immunostimulating substances such as beta-glucan.

본 발명의 다른 하나의 목적은 상기 재배된 참바늘버섯으로부터 베타글루칸과 같은 면역증강물질을 포함한 유용물질을 효과적으로 추출하기 위한 방법을 제공하는 것이다.It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for effectively extracting a useful substance including an immunostimulating substance such as beta-glucan from the cultivated true needles.

하나의 양태로서, 본 발명은 참바늘버섯의 재배 배지를 제공한다.In one embodiment, the present invention provides a growth medium of true needle mushroom.

구체적으로, 본 발명의 참바늘버섯 재배 배지는 톱밥배지를 포함하며, 상기 톱밥배지는 발효참나무톱밥, 건조맥주박, 옥수수가루 및 미강을 포함한다.Specifically, the true needle mushroom culture medium of the present invention comprises a sawdust medium, which comprises fermented oak sawdust, dried beer, cornstarch and rice bran.

상기 발효참나무톱밥은 참나무의 톱밥을 실온에서 5개월 이상, 바람직하게는 5 내지 7개월, 보다 바람직하게는 6개월 동안 발효한 톱밥이다.The fermented oak sawdust is sawdust which is obtained by fermenting oak sawdust at room temperature for 5 months or more, preferably 5 to 7 months, more preferably 6 months.

본 발명의 상기 톱밥배지는 발효참나무톱밥: 건조맥주박: 옥수수가루: 미강을 8 내지 10 : 0.8 내지 1.2 : 0.4 내지 0.6 : 0.4 내지 0.6의 중량비, 바람직하게는 8 내지 10: 1: 0.5: 0.5의 중량비, 보다 바람직하게는 8: 1: 0.5: 0.5의 중량비 또는 10: 1: 0.5: 0.5의 중량비로 함유한다.The sawdust medium of the present invention is characterized in that the weight ratio of fermented oak sawdust: dried beer: corn flour: cornstarch is 8 to 10: 0.8 to 1.2: 0.4 to 0.6: 0.4 to 0.6, preferably 8 to 10: 1: 0.5: 0.5 More preferably in a weight ratio of 8: 1: 0.5: 0.5 or a weight ratio of 10: 1: 0.5: 0.5.

또한, 본 발명의 참바늘버섯 재배 배지는 상기 톱밥배지 이외에 질소원을 추가로 포함한다. 상기 질소원은 펩톤, 아스파라긴 등을 사용할 수 있으며, 상기 톱밥배지의 총 중량을 기준으로 0.8 내지 2.2 중량%, 바람직하게는 1 내지 2중량%로 사용한다.In addition, the true needle mushroom culture medium of the present invention further comprises a nitrogen source in addition to the sawdust medium. Peptone, asparagine and the like may be used as the nitrogen source, and 0.8 to 2.2% by weight, preferably 1 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the sawdust medium is used.

다른 하나의 양태로서, 본 발명은 상기 참바늘버섯의 재배 배지를 병입하여 병재배하는 것을 특징으로 하는 참바늘버섯의 재배용 병을 제공한다.In another aspect, the present invention provides a bottle for cultivating true needle mushroom characterized in that the growth medium of the true needle mushroom is fed into the growth medium.

상기 참바늘버섯의 재배용 병은 측면에 홀 또는 개구가 형성된 것이 바람직하며, 상기 참바늘버섯의 재배 배지가 540 내지 610g, 바람직하게는 550g 내지 600g이 병입된 것이 바람직하다.It is preferable that a hole or an opening is formed on the side of the bottle for cultivating true needle mushroom, and the cultivation medium of the true needle mushroom is fed from 540 to 610 g, preferably from 550 to 600 g.

상기한 함량으로 상기 참바늘버섯의 재배 배지가 함유되어야만 참바늘버섯의 자실체 형성 및 생장량이 우수하다.Only when the culture medium of the true needle mushroom is contained in the above-mentioned content, fruiting body formation and growth of the true needle mushroom are excellent.

다른 하나의 양태로서, 본 발명은 상기 참바늘버섯의 재배 배지로부터 참바늘버섯을 재배하는 방법을 제공한다.In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for cultivating true needle mushroom from the cultivation medium of the true needle mushroom.

보다 구체적으로, 본 발명에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배 방법은 상기한 참바늘버섯의 재배 배지 또는 상기한 배지가 540 내지 610g, 바람직하게는 550g 내지 600g 병입된 참바늘버섯의 병 내의 배지에 참바늘버섯의 종균을 접종하고 온도 15±2℃, 상대습도 95% 조건의 배양실에서 28일 내지 31일, 바람직하게는 30일간 암배양후 재배실로 옮겨 온도 25±2℃, 상대습도 70%, 300Lux(1일 8시간 이상) 조건에서 9일 내지 11일, 바람직하게는 10일간 발이유도를 한 후 13 내지 15일 동안 재배하는 것을 특징으로 한다.More specifically, the method for cultivating true needle mushroom according to the present invention is characterized in that the culture medium of the true needle mushroom or the above-mentioned culture medium is placed in a culture medium containing 540 to 610 g, preferably 550 to 600 g, Mushroom seedlings were inoculated and cultured in a culture room at a temperature of 15 ± 2 ° C. and a relative humidity of 95% for 28 days to 31 days, preferably 30 days, after which the culture medium was transferred to a cultivation chamber and cultured at a temperature of 25 ± 2 ° C., a relative humidity of 70% (8 hours or more per day)) for 9 to 11 days, preferably for 10 days, and then for 13 to 15 days.

상기 재배 온도는 15℃±2℃이며, 재배 습도는 상대습도 90 내지 95%인 것이 바람직하다.The cultivation temperature is preferably 15 ° C ± 2 ° C, and the cultivation humidity is preferably 90 to 95% relative humidity.

다른 하나의 양태로서, 본 발명은 상기 재배된 참바늘버섯으로부터 베타글루칸과 같은 면역증강물질을 포함한 유용물질이 다량 함유된 추출물을 제조하는 방법을 제공한다.In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing an extract containing a large amount of useful substance, including an immunostimulating substance such as beta-glucan, from the cultivated true mushroom.

보다 구체적으로, 상기 추출 방법은 상기 재배된 참바늘버섯을 분말화한 후 40 내지 55℃에서 열수 추출하는 것을 특징으로 한다.More specifically, the extraction method is characterized in that the cultivated true needle mushroom is pulverized and then subjected to hot water extraction at 40 to 55 ° C.

상기 온도 범위 이외에서 참바늘버섯을 추출하는 경우 추출 수율은 높으나 베타글루칸과 같은 면역증강물질 및 유용물질의 함량이 감소하게 되므로 바람직하지 않다.When the true mushroom is extracted outside the temperature range, the extraction yield is high but the content of the immunostimulating substance such as beta-glucan and the useful substance is decreased.

본 발명에 의할 경우 참바늘버섯의 재배를 위한 배지 조성 및 시기를 조절할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 베타글루칸과 같은 면역증강물질을 포함한 유용물질을 최대한 함유하고 있는 참바늘버섯을 재배할 수 있으며, 또한 그로부터 재배된 참바늘버섯로부터 면역증강물질을 포함한 유용물질이 최대한 함유된 추출물을 제조할 수 있는 효과가 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to control the composition and timing of the medium for cultivation of true needle mushroom, and also to cultivate true mushroom which contains the most useful substance including immunostimulating substance such as beta-glucan, It is possible to produce extracts containing the maximum amount of useful substances including immune enhancing substances from cultivated true needle mushrooms.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배를 위한 톱밥배지에서 수종별 참바늘버섯의 균사 생장 정도를 비교한 그림이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배를 위한 톱밥배지에서에서 영양원의 종류에 따른 참바늘버섯의 균사 생장 정도를 비교한 그림이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배를 위한 톱밥배지에서에서 영양원의 종류에 따른 참바늘버섯의 자실체 생산량을 비교한 그림이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 입병량에 따른 황변정도를 비교한 그림이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 입병량에 따른 원기형성 소요일수를 비교한 그림이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 입병량에 따른 참바늘버섯 자실체 총생산량을 비교한 그림이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 후숙처리 기간에 따른 황변정도를 비교한 그림이다.
도 8은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 후숙처리 기간에 따른 원기형성소요일을 비교한 그림이다.
도 9는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 후숙처리 기간에 따른 참바늘버섯 자실체 총생산량을 비교한 그림이다.
도 10 및 11은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 배지에 이스트를 처리한 경우의 배양완료에 소용되는 기간을 나타낸 그림이다.
도 12는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 배지에 이스트를 처리한 경우의 핀발이 소요기간을 비교한 그림이다
도 13은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 배지에 이스트를 처리한 경우의 자실체 생산량을 비교한 그림이다.
도 14는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 재배에 있어서 배지에 질소원을 농도별 처리한 경우 참바늘버섯의 생장 정도를 비교한 그림이다.
도 15는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 동결건조물과 열풍건조물의 추출 수율을 비교한 그림이다.
도 16은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 40℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 16은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 40℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 17은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 50℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 18은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 60℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 19는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 70℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 20은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 80℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 21은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 90℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 22는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 100℃ 추출 온도에서의 GC-MS 크로마토그램 결과를 나타낸 그림이다.
도 23은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출물 제조에 있어서 추출시간 및 추출회수에 따른 구성다당의 비율을 나타낸 그림이다.
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the degree of mycelial growth of various species of needles mushroom in a sawdust medium for cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the degree of mycelial growth of true needle mushroom according to kinds of nutrients in sawdust medium for cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing fruit yields of true needle mushroom according to kinds of nutrients in a sawdust medium for cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the degree of yellowing according to the amount of the mushroom in the cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the number of days of spring formation according to the amount of the mouth in the cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the total production amount of true needle mushroom fruiting body according to the amount of the mushroom in the cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the degree of yellowing according to the post-treatment period in the cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a comparison of growing dates according to post-processing periods in the cultivation of true needle mushrooms according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the total yield of true needle mushroom fruiting body according to the post-treatment period in the cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrams illustrating a period of time spent in culturing true needles mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention when the culture medium is treated with yeast. FIG.
FIG. 12 is a graph comparing the time required for finishing the yeast in the cultivation of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 13 is a graph comparing production yield of fruiting bodies when yeast is treated in the culture of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a graph comparing the degree of growth of true needle mushroom when the nitrogen source is treated with a nitrogen source in the culture of true needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a graph comparing the extraction yields of freeze-dried products and hot-air-dried products in the preparation of extracts of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at an extraction temperature of 40 ° C. in the preparation of extract of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at an extraction temperature of 40 ° C. in the preparation of extract of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
17 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at an extraction temperature of 50 ° C in the preparation of extracts of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at the extraction temperature of 60 ° C in the preparation of extract of Needle mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
19 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at the extraction temperature of 70 ° C in the preparation of extract of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at 80 ° C. extraction temperature in the preparation of extract of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 21 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at 90.degree. C. extraction temperature in the preparation of extract of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
22 is a graph showing the results of GC-MS chromatogram at the extraction temperature of 100 ° C in the preparation of extract of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a graph showing the ratio of constituent polysaccharides according to the extraction time and the extraction number in the production of extract of True mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

본 발명은 이하 실시예를 통하여 좀 더 구체적으로 설명될 것이다. 이러한 실시예는 단지 본 발명이 좀 더 이해될 수 있도록 예시적으로 제시되는 것이므로, 이들 실시예로서 본 발명의 범위를 한정해서는 안 될 것이다.The present invention will be explained in more detail through the following examples. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided by way of illustration only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

실시예 1: 참바늘버섯의 재배를 위한 최적 톱밥배지Example 1: Best Sawdust Medium for Cultivation of True Needle Mushroom

1-1. 톱밥배지용 최적 수종 선발1-1. Selection of optimum species for sawdust medium

톱밥배지의 주재료로는 참나무류(Quercus spp.), 미송(Douglas fir), 밤나무(Castanea crenata), 버드나무(Salix koreensis)의 4수종의 톱밥을 사용하였으며, 첨가 영양원으로는 건조맥주박과 미강을 첨가하였다. 톱밥의 발효는 실온에서 6개월동안 자연상태로 발효함으로써 이루어졌다. 주재료와 첨가 영양원간 배지조제 비율은 부피비로 하여 톱밥: 영양원(80:20)와 톱밥: 영양원(100:20)로 하였다(표 1 참조). 수분조절은 냉수를 사용하여 배지수분을 57ㅁ2%로 조절하였다. 수분조절이 완료된 배지는 종균병에 500g씩 10반복으로 입병한 후 배지 가운데를 파공하고 필터가 달린 뚜껑을 닫은 후 121℃ 1.2기압으로 90분 동안 고압살균 하였다. 살균이 완료된 후에는 무균조건에서 배지를 15℃정도로 냉각시킨 후 공시균주의 접종원을 10g씩 무균 접종하여 배양하였으며 배양조건은 전배양단계, 중배양단계(온도충격), 후배양단계(발이유도)의 3단계로 나누어 배양하였다. 전배양단계에서는 온도 21~22℃, 습도 60~70%, 암조건하에서 25일동안 배양하였으며, 중배양단계에서는 온도 12~16℃, 습도 85~90%, 조도 50~500Lux 조건하에서 20일동안 배양하였으며, 후배양단계에서는 온도12~16℃, 습도 85~95%, 조도 50~500Lux 조건하에서 20일간 배양하였다. 배양완료 후 배지별 배양특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과를 도 1에 나타내었다.Sawdust of four species of quercus spp. , Douglas fir , chestnut ( Castanea crenata ) and willow tree ( Salix koreensis ) were used as main ingredients of sawdust medium . Was added. Sawdust fermentation was accomplished by natural fermentation at room temperature for 6 months. Sawdust: nutrient source (80:20) and sawdust: nutrient source (100: 20) were set as the ratio of the medium preparation between the main material and the additive source (see Table 1). The water content was adjusted to 57 ~ 2% by using cold water. The medium with water control was purged with 10 repetitions of 500g each to the seed bacterium. The medium was pierced, the lid with the filter was closed, and sterilized by high pressure at 121 ° C and 1.2 atm for 90 minutes. After the sterilization was completed, the medium was cooled to about 15 ° C under aseptic conditions, and then inoculated with 10g of the inoculum of the inoculum. The culture conditions were pre-culture, mid-culture (temperature shock), post- And then cultured. In the pre-culture stage, the cells were cultured for 21 days at 21-22 ° C, 60-70% humidity, and dark for 25 days. In the medium-stage culture, 20 days at 12-16 ° C, 85-90% And cultured for 20 days at a temperature of 12 to 16 ° C, a humidity of 85 to 95%, and an illuminance of 50 to 500 Lux in the post-incubation step. After cultivation, the culture characteristics of each culture medium were examined. The results are shown in Fig.

No.No. MediaMedia Rate
(w:w)
Rate
(w: w)
ShapeShape Media
weight
Media
weight
Media
moisture(%)
Media
moisture (%)
1One 참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Oak sawdust + dried beer + 10:1:110: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g 57ㅁ2%57 ㅁ 2% 22 발효미송톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Fermented Sawdust + Dried Brewed Beef + Miso 10:1:110: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 33 밤나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Chestnut Sawdust + Dried Brewers + Miso 10:1:110: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 44 버드나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Willow sawdust + dried brewing + rice bran 10:1:110: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 55 참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Oak sawdust + dried beer + 8:1:18: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 66 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Fermented oak sawdust + dried beer + rice bran 10:1:110: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 77 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Fermented oak sawdust + dried beer + rice bran 8:1:18: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g ""

도 1에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이, 균사생장량은 참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강(10:1:1)배지에서 7.0cm, 발효미송톱밥+건조맥주박+미강(10:1:1)배지에서 8.4cm, 밤나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강(10:1:1)배지에서 8.9cm, 버드나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강(10:1:1)배지에서 5.8cm, 참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강(8:1:1)배지에서 6.8cm, 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강(10:1:1)배지에서 8.5cm, 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강(10:1:1)배지에서 8.3cm로 밤나무톱밥을 이용한 배지가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 황변화도 가장 많이 진행되었다. 이는 참바늘버섯이 야생에서 너도밤나무에서 자생하기 때문인 것으로 추측된다. 위의 실험결과에서와 같이 참바늘버섯 톱밥재배에는 밤나무가 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났으나, 밤나무톱밥은 수급에 어려움이 있기 때문에 농가에서 재배할 시에는 밤나무 다음으로 균사생장이 우수한 참나무톱밥을 사용해야 할 것으로 사료되었다.As can be seen from Fig. 1, the mycelial growth was 7.0 cm in the oak sawdust + dry beer + rice bran + 10: 1: 1 medium, 8.4 cm in the fermented untreated sawdust + , Oak sawdust + dried brewers + rice bran (8: 1) in the beech wood sawdust + dried brewers + rice bran (10: 1: (10: 1: 1) in the fermented oak sawdust + dried brewers + rice bran (10: 1: 1) medium at the temperature of 1: The medium containing sawdust was the highest, and the sulfur change was the highest. It is presumed that the true needle mushroom grows in the beech tree in the wild. As shown in the above test results, chestnut is the most suitable for the production of true needle mushroom sawdust, but since chestnut sawdust is difficult to supply and demand, it is necessary to use oak sawdust which is superior to mycelium growth after chestnut .

1-2. 최적 배지조성 선발1-2. Selection of optimum medium composition

톱밥배지의 주재료로는 발효참나무류(Quercus spp.) 톱밥을 사용하였으며, 첨가 영양원으로는 건조맥주박, 미강, 소맥분, 식용옥수수가루를 사용하였다. 주재료와 첨가 영양원간 배지조제 비율은 Table 4.와 같이 조제하였으며, 수분조절은 냉수를 사용하여 배지수분을 57ㅁ2%내외로 조절하였다. 수분조절이 완료된 배지는 종균병에 500g씩 10반복으로 입병한 후 배지 가운데를 파공하고 필터가 달린 뚜껑을 닫은 후 121℃, 1.2기압으로 90분 동안 고압살균 하였다. 살균이 완료된 후에는 무균조건에서 배지를 15℃까지 냉각시킨 후 공시균주의 접종원을 10g씩 무균 접종하여 배양하였으며 배양조건은 위에서 언급된 전배양단계, 중배양단계, 후배양단계로 나누어 동일한 조건하에서 배양하였으며, 배양완료 후 배지별 배양특성과 자실체 발생특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과를 도 2에 나타내었다.Fermented oak (Quercus spp.) Sawdust was used as the main material of the sawdust medium. Dried beer, rice bran, wheat flour and edible corn flour were used as nutritional sources. Table 4 shows the ratio of media preparation between main material and supplemented nutrient. The water content was adjusted to about 57 ~ 2% by using cold water. The medium with water control was inserted into the seed bacterium with 10 repetitions of 500g each. The medium was pierced, and the lid with the filter was closed, followed by high pressure sterilization at 121 ° C and 1.2 atm for 90 minutes. After the sterilization was completed, the medium was cooled to 15 ° C under aseptic conditions, and 10 g of the inoculum of the test strain was inoculated by aseptic inoculation. The culture conditions were divided into the above-mentioned pre-culture stage, mid-stage culture stage and post- After cultivation, culture characteristics and fruiting body growth characteristics were investigated. The results are shown in Fig.

NoNo MediaMedia Rate
(w:w)
Rate
(w: w)
ShapeShape Media
weight
Media
weight
Media
moisture(%)
Media
moisture (%)
1One 발효참나무톱밥+미강Fermented oak sawdust + rice bran 8:28: 2 bottle 500g500g 57±2%57 ± 2% 22 발효참나무톱밥+소맥분 Fermented oak sawdust + wheat flour 8:28: 2 bottle 500g500g "" 33 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+미강Fermented oak sawdust + dried beer + rice bran 8:1:18: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 44 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+소맥분Fermented oak sawdust + Dried brewing + Flour 8:1:18: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 55 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust + dried beer + corn flour 8:1:18: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 66 발효참나무톱밥+옥수수+미강Fermented oak sawdust + corn + rice bran 8:1:18: 1: 1 bottle 500g500g "" 77 발효참나무톱밥+건조맥주박+옥수수가루+미강Fermented oak sawdust + dried beer + corn flour + rice bran 8:1:0.5:0.58: 1: 0.5: 0.5 bottle 500g500g ""

도 2에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이, 발효참나무+건조맥주박+식용옥수수가루(8:1:1)배지와 발효참나무+건조맥주박+식용옥수수가루+미강(8:1:0.5:0.5)배지가 각각 13.3, 13.6일로 가장 빠른 균사생장을 나타내었다.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the fermented oak + dried brewing + edible corn flour (8: 1: 1) medium and fermented oak + dried brewing + edible corn flour + rice bran (8: 1: 0.5: 0.5) 13.3 and 13.6 days, respectively.

또한 자실체 생산량을 조사한 결과 발효참나무+건조맥주박+옥수수가루+미강(8:1:0.5:0.5)배지가 평균 82.1g/ 병으로 가장 높게 조사되었으며, 이 배지는 균사생장도 가장 빨라 참바늘버섯을 재배하는데 가장 적합한 배지조성으로 조사되었다(도 3 참조). The highest yield of fruiting oak + dried brewer + corn flour + rice bran (8: 1: 0.5: 0.5) was 82.1g / bottle, which showed the fastest growth of mycelium. (See Fig. 3). ≪ tb > < TABLE >

1-3. 최적 입병량 선발1-3. Selection of Optimal Volume

톱밥배지의 주재료로는 발효 참나무류(Quercus spp.) 톱밥을 사용하였으며, 첨가 영양원으로는 건조맥주박, 미강, 식용옥수수가루를 사용하였다. 주재료와 첨가 영양원간 배지조제 비율은 부피비로 환산하여 참나무톱밥 80%, 건조맥주박 10%, 식용옥수수가루 5%, 미강 5%로 조제하였으며, 수분조절은 냉수로 사용하여 배지수분을 57ㅁ2%내외로 조절하였다. 수분조절이 완료된 배지는 종균병에 550g, 600g, 650g씩 30반복으로 입병한 후 배지 가운데를 파공하고 필터가 달린 뚜껑을 닫은 후 121℃, 1.2기압으로 90분 동안 고압살균 하였다. 살균이 완료된 후에는 무균조건에서 배지를 15℃까지 냉각시킨 후 공시균주의 접종원을 10g씩 무균 접종하여 배양하였으며 배양조건은 위에서 언급된 전배양단계, 중배양단계, 후배양단계로 나누어 동일한 조건하에서 배양하였으며, 배양완료 후 각 처리구별로 발생유도처리를 실시하여 배지별 황변정도, 원기형성 소요일, 자실체 발생량을 조사하였다. 또한 황변정도는 아래 표 3을 기준으로 하여 조사하였다.Sawdust (Quercus spp.) Sawdust was used as the main material of the sawdust medium and dried brewers, rice bran, and edible corn flour were used as nutritional sources. The medium preparation ratio between the main material and the supplemented nutrition source was adjusted to be 80% by volume, dried beer 10%, edible corn powder 5%, rice bran 5%, and water content was adjusted to 57, 2, Respectively. The media with moisture control was filled with sterilized bottles of 550g, 600g, and 650g for 30 days. The medium was pierced, the lid with the filter was closed, and sterilized by high pressure at 121 ° C and 1.2 atm for 90 minutes. After the sterilization was completed, the medium was cooled to 15 ° C under aseptic conditions, and 10 g of the inoculum of the test strain was inoculated aseptically. The culture conditions were divided into the above-mentioned pre-culture stage, After the incubation, induction treatment was carried out for each treatments to determine the degree of yellowing of each medium, the date of emergence, and the amount of fruiting body produced. The degree of yellowing was also examined based on Table 3 below.

색깔Color 면 적area 00 1One 22 33 00 00 00 1One 22 1One 00 1One 22 22 22 1One 22 33 33 33 22 33 33 33 * 색깔 : 0(light yellow), 1(yellow), 2(light orange), 3(orange) * Colors: 0 (light yellow), 1 (yellow), 2 (light orange), 3 (orange) * 면적 : 0(0~25%), 1(25~50%), 2(51~75%), 3(76~100%) * Area: 0 (0-25%), 1 (25-50%), 2 (51-75%), 3 (76-100%)

그 결과, 배지의 후숙기간동안 황변정도는 입병량이 550g와 600g배지인 경우 수치가 3으로 조사되었으나, 650g 배지의 경우에는 수치가 2로 조사되어 입병량이 너무 많은 경우 황변에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 산소공급의 차단이 원인인 것으로 여겨진다(도 4 참조). 또한 원기형성 소요일수를 조사한 결과 550g배지가 평균 11.3일, 600g배지가 19일, 650g배지가 23.6일이 소요되어, 550g배지가 가장 양호한 결과를 나타내었다(도 5 참조). 참바늘버섯 자실체 총생산량을 조사한 결과 550g배지가 86g, 600g배지가 81g, 650g배지가 25g이 생산되어, 550g배지가 가장 양호한 결과를 나타내었다(도 6 참조). 이와같은 결과로 참바늘버섯 병재배시 입병량은 550g이 가장 적합한 것으로 판단되었다.As a result, the degree of yellowing during the postnatal period of the medium was found to be 3 when the amount of intake was 550 g and 600 g, but when the amount was 650 g, the value was 2, Which is believed to be due to interruption of the oxygen supply (see FIG. 4). As a result of the number of days of priming, 550g medium was 11.3 days, 600g medium was 19 days, 650g medium was 23.6 days, and the 550g medium was the most favorable (see FIG. 5). The total yield of true needle mushroom fruiting body was found to be 86g, 600g, 81g and 650g, respectively, and the 550g medium showed the best result (see FIG. 6). As a result, 550g was the most suitable amount to enter the mushroom.

1-4. 최적 후숙기간 선발1-4. Optimum length of stay

톱밥배지의 주재료로는 발효 참나무류(Quercus spp.) 톱밥을 사용하였으며, 첨가 영양원으로는 건조맥주박, 미강, 식용옥수수가루, 소맥분을 사용하였다. 주재료와 첨가 영양원간 배지조제 비율은 부피비로 환산하여 발효 참나무톱밥 80%, 건조맥주박 10%, 소맥분 10%와 발효 참나무톱밥 80%, 건조맥주박 10%, 식용옥수수가루 5%, 미강 5%로 조제하였으며, 수분조절은 냉수를 사용하여 배지수분을 57ㅁ2%내외로 조절하였다. 수분조절이 완료된 배지는 종균병에 600g씩 30반복으로 입병한 후 배지 가운데를 파공하고 필터가 달린 뚜껑을 닫은 후 121℃, 1.2기압으로 90분 동안 고압살균 하였다. 살균이 완료된 후에는 무균조건에서 배지를 15℃까지 냉각시킨 후 공시균주의 접종원을 10g씩 무균 접종하여 배양하였으며, 배양조건은 전배양단계, 중배양단계(온도충격)의 2단계로 나누어 배양하였다. 전배양단계에서는 온도 25℃, 습도 60%, 암조건하에서 30일동안 배양하였으며, 중배양단계에서는 온도 15℃, 습도 90%, 조도 300Lux 조건하에서 14일동안 배양하였다. 배양완료 후 각 처리구별로 후숙처리를 11일, 14일, 17일의 3가지방법으로 실시하여 배지별 자실체 발생특성을 조사하였다.Sawdust (Quercus spp.) Sawdust was used as the main material of the sawdust medium. Dried brewers, rice bran, edible corn flour, and wheat flour were used as nutrient sources. The medium preparation ratio between the main material and the additive nutrient was adjusted to the volume ratio, and the fermented oak sawdust 80%, dry beer 10%, wheat flour 10%, fermented oak sawdust 80%, dried beer 10%, edible corn flour 5% And water content was adjusted to about 57 ~ 2% by using cold water. After the medium was completely regulated, the medium was purged with 600 g of the medium for 30 cycles. The medium was pierced, the lid with the filter was closed, and sterilized by high pressure at 121 ° C and 1.2 atm for 90 minutes. After the sterilization was completed, the medium was cooled to 15 ° C under aseptic conditions, and the inoculum of the inoculum was inoculated by aseptically inoculating 10g of each inoculum. Culturing conditions were divided into two stages, that is, a pre-incubation step and a mid- . In the pre-culture stage, the cells were cultured for 30 days at 25 ° C., 60% humidity and dark condition. For the medium-stage culture, the cells were cultured for 14 days at a temperature of 15 ° C., a humidity of 90% and an illumination of 300 Lux. After completion of the incubation, post treatments were carried out at 11 days, 14 days and 17 days.

그 결과 배지의 후숙기간에 따른 황변정도는 각각 2.5, 2.7, 3으로 조사되어 후숙기간이 길수록 황변이 잘되는 것으로 나타났다(도 7 참조). 원기형성 소요일은 후숙기간에 따라 각각 16.3일, 10.5일, 8.6일이 소요되는 것으로 나타나 후숙기간이 길수록 원기형성소요일이 빨라지는 것으로 나타났으며(도 8 참조), 자실체 총생산량을 조사한 결과 후숙기간에 따라 각각 1,284g, 1,100g, 1,645g으로 조사되었다(도 9 참조).As a result, the degree of yellowing according to the growing time of the medium was 2.5, 2.7, and 3, respectively, and the longer the growing period, the better the yellowing (see FIG. 7). It was found that the days of maturing were 16.3 days, 10.5 days, and 8.6 days, respectively, depending on the length of maturity. The longer the maturity period, the faster the maturing date (see FIG. 8) 1,284 g, 1,100 g and 1,645 g, respectively (see Fig. 9).

1-5. 이스트처리에 따른 배양 및 재배 특성 조사1-5. Investigation of culture and cultivation characteristics by yeast treatment

1-5-1. 실험 방법1-5-1. Experimental Method

배지조제에 이용된 톱밥은 발효 참나무류(Quercus spp.) 톱밥을 사용하였으며, 영양원으로는 미강, 건조맥주박, 식용옥수수가루, 맥아(엿기름), 감자분을 이용하였다. 배지는 총 11가지 조성으로 혼합하였으며(표 4 참조), 수분은 동일하게 57ㅁ2%내외로 조절하였다. 표 5.와 같이 혼합된 배지는 내열성 PP병에 700g씩 8반복으로 입병하였으며, 배지의 가운데를 파공하여 공기의 순환과 배양이 잘 되도록 하였다. 입병이 완료된 배지는 고압멸균기(Auto-Clave)를 이용하여 90분간 1.2기압에서 멸균하였으며, 멸균이 완료된 배지는 냉각실에서 신속하게 배지를 냉각시킨 후 클린벤치에서 공시균주를 이용하여 10g씩 접종하였다. Sawdust used in the preparation of the medium was Quercus spp. Sawdust. Nutrients were rice bran, dried beer, edible corn flour, malt (malt) and potato powder. The media were mixed in 11 different compositions (see Table 4), and the moisture was adjusted to about 57% and 2%, respectively. As shown in Table 5, the mixed medium was injected into the heat-resistant PP bottle in eight replicates of 700 g each, and the middle of the medium was pierced so that air circulation and culture were performed well. The medium was sterilized using a high-pressure autoclaving machine (Auto-Clave) at 1.2 atm for 90 minutes. After sterilization, the medium was quickly cooled in a cooling chamber, and 10 g of the medium was inoculated in a clean bench .

접종이 완료된 배지는 1차배양(온도 21~22℃, 습도 60~70%, 암조건)하면서 배양완료에 소요되는 기간을 조사하였으며, 배양이 완료된 배지는 황변을 유도하기 위하여 황변유도(온도 21~22℃, 습도 60~70%, 암조건 20일)조건에서 배양하였다. 황변유도가 끝나면 이스트 처리구와 이스트 무처리구로 나눠 이스트 처리구에는 미리 조제된 이스트(300ppm)를 배지표면에 10ml씩 분사한 후 재배사로 옮겼다. 재배사는 습도 95%, 온도 15℃, 광 조건은 300lux이상을 유지하였다. 재배사로 이동한 후 처리구별로 동일하게 10일간 후숙처리를 하여 발이를 촉진하였으며, 후숙처리가 끝난 후에는 병 외부에 자실체가 발생할 수 있도록 파공을 실시하였다. 파공을 실시한 후에 최초로 자실체가 발생하는데 소요된 기간을 조사하였으며. 자실체가 발생한 후 20일간 자실체를 생육시켜 자실체 생산량을 조사하였다.The culture medium was incubated in the primary culture (temperature 21 ~ 22 ℃, humidity 60 ~ 70%, dark condition). The cultivation was completed and the cultured medium was irradiated with yellow ~ 22 ° C, humidity 60-70%, dark condition 20 days). After the induction of yellowing, yeast treatments were divided into yeast treatments and yeast control treatments. Yeast pretreated yeast (300 ppm) was sprayed onto the surface of the culture medium and transferred to growers. The cultivar maintained 95% humidity, temperature 15 ℃, and light condition more than 300lux. After moving to cultivar, the same treatments were performed for 10 days to promote the feet. After finishing the treatment, pores were made so that fruiting bodies occurred outside the bottle. We investigated the length of time for the first fruit body formation after purging. Fruit bodies were grown for 20 days after fruiting body growth and fruiting body production was investigated.

No.No. MediaMedia Rate
(v:v)
Rate
(v: v)
Media
weight
Media
weight
Media
moisture(%)
Media
moisture (%)
이스트
처리
East
process
1One 발효참나무톱밥:미강Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran 8:28: 2 700g700g 60±2%60 ± 2% 무처리No treatment 22 발효참나무톱밥:미강:건조맥주박Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: dried beer 8:1:18: 1: 1 33 발효참나무톱밥:미강:건조맥주박:옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: dried beer bran: corn flour 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 44 발효참나무톱밥:미강:건조맥주박:감자분Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: dried beer bran: potato bran 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 55 발효참나무톱밥:미강:맥아(엿기름):옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: malt (malt): corn flour 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 66 발효참나무톱밥:미강:맥아(엿기름):감자분Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: malt (malt): potato 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 77 발효참나무톱밥:건조맥주박:옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: Dried beer: Corn flour 8:1:18: 1: 1 88 발효참나무톱밥:건조맥주박:감자분Fermented oak sawdust: Dried beer: potato 8:1:18: 1: 1 99 발효참나무톱밥:맥아(엿기름):옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: malt (malt): corn flour 8:1:18: 1: 1 1010 발효참나무톱밥:맥아(엿기름):감자분Fermented oak sawdust: malt (malt): potato 8:1:18: 1: 1 1111 발효참나무톱밥:건조맥주박:맥아:옥수수가루:감자분Fermented oak sawdust: dried beer: malt: corn flour: potato 8:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.58: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5 1One 발효참나무톱밥:미강Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran 8:28: 2 700g700g 60±2%60 ± 2% 이스트
300ppm
East
300ppm
22 발효참나무톱밥:미강:건조맥주박Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: dried beer 8:1:18: 1: 1 33 발효참나무톱밥:미강:건조맥주박:옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: dried beer bran: corn flour 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 44 발효참나무톱밥:미강:건조맥주박:감자분Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: dried beer bran: potato bran 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 55 발효참나무톱밥:미강:맥아(엿기름):옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: malt (malt): corn flour 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 66 발효참나무톱밥:미강:맥아(엿기름):감자분Fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: malt (malt): potato 8:0.5:1:0.58: 0.5: 1: 0.5 77 발효참나무톱밥:건조맥주박:옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: Dried beer: Corn flour 8:1:18: 1: 1 88 발효참나무톱밥:건조맥주박:감자분Fermented oak sawdust: Dried beer: potato 8:1:18: 1: 1 99 발효참나무톱밥:맥아(엿기름):옥수수가루Fermented oak sawdust: malt (malt): corn flour 8:1:18: 1: 1 1010 발효참나무톱밥:맥아(엿기름):감자분Fermented oak sawdust: malt (malt): potato 8:1:18: 1: 1 1111 발효참나무톱밥:건조맥주박:맥아:옥수수가루:감자분Fermented oak sawdust: dried beer: malt: corn flour: potato 8:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.58: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5

1-5-2. 배지별 배양완료 소요기간1-5-2. Period of cultivation completion by each medium

먼저, 배지별 배양완료에 소요되는 기간을 조사한 결과, 발효참나무톱밥:미강:맥아(엿기름):감자분(8:0.5:1:0.5, v:v)처리구와 발효참나무톱밥:맥아(엿기름):감자분(8:1:1, v:v) 처리구에서 18일로 동일하게 가장 빠른 것으로 조사되었다(도 10 및 11 참조). 대체적으로 옥수수 가루보다 감자분이 처리된 배지에서 균사생장이 빠른 것으로 보아 영양원으로써 감자분이 적합한 것으로 나타났으며, 건조맥주박보다는 맥아(엿기름)를 처리한 배지가 더 빠른 균사생장을 보였다. 또한 발효참나무톱밥:미강(8:2, v:v)처리구와 발효참나무톱밥:미강:건조맥주박(8:1:1)에서 42일이 걸려 가장 느린 균사생장을 보였다. 이스트를 처리한 배지와 처리를 하지 않은 배지의 배양완료에 소요되는 기간은 대부분의 처리구에서 크게 차이가 없었지만 처리구 5에서는 약 17.5일 차이가 발생하여 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 보인다. 또한 배양완료기간이 20일 이상 길어지는 경우 배양완료가 다 되지 않았음에도 배지상단부분이 황변이 시작되는 현상이 생겨 재배시 문제가 발생할 가능성이 있었다.Fermented oak sawdust: Malt: malt (malt): potato powder (8: 0.5: 1: 0.5, v: v) and fermented oak sawdust: malt (malt) : Potatoes (8: 1: 1, v: v) were treated as the fastest for 18 days (see FIGS. 10 and 11). Generally, the mycelial growth was faster than that of the corn flour, and the potato as the nutrient source was more suitable than the corn flour. The medium treated with malt (malt) showed faster mycelial growth than dry beer. In addition, fermented oak sawdust showed the slowest growth of mycelial growth, taking 42 days in rice bran (8: 2, v: v) and fermented oak sawdust: rice bran: dried brewer (8: 1: 1). The time required to complete cultivation of the yeast-treated medium and the untreated medium was not significantly different in most of the treatments, but the difference was about 17.5 days in the treatment 5, and additional studies are required. In addition, if the incubation period is longer than 20 days, the upper part of the culture medium may start yellowing even though the culture is not completed, which may cause problems in cultivation.

1-5-3. 배지별 황변정도1-5-3. Yellowing degree by medium

배지별로 배양이 완료된 후 20일간 황변유도를 한 후 황변정도를 조사한 결과는 아래 표 5와 같다. 처리구 5, 8, 10, 11에서는 황변정도가 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났으며, 그 다음으로 처리구 1, 2, 6, 7, 9가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 반면 처리구 2는 황변이 거의 이루어지지 않아 참바늘버섯 재배에 있어서 적합하지 않은 배지로 조사되었다.Table 20 shows the results of yellowing after inducing yellowing for 20 days after completion of culture for each medium. Yellowing was the best in treatments 5, 8, 10 and 11, followed by treatments 1, 2, 6, 7 and 9. On the other hand, treatment 2 was not suitable for cultivation of true needle mushroom because yellowing was hardly observed.

G1G1 G2G2 G3G3 G4G4 G5G5 G6G6 G7G7 G8G8 G9G9 G10G10 G11G11 Not
treated
Note
treated
++++ ++++ ++ ++ ++++++ ++++ ++++ ++++++ ++++ ++++++ ++++++
Yeast
treated
(300 ppm)
Yeast
treated
(300 ppm)
++++ ++++ ++++ ++ ++++++ ++++ ++++++ ++++++ ++++ ++++++ ++++++

* + : 40%미만 , ++ : 40~70%, +++ : 71%이상 * +: Less than 40%, ++: 40 to 70%, +++: 71% or more

1-5-4. 배지별 핀발이 소요기간1-5-4. The pinball period for each badge

황변유도가 완료된 배지들을 재배사에 옮겨 10일간 후숙 한 후 병의 측면에 직경 3cm정도 크기로 파공하여 자실체 발생을 유도하여 발이하는데 걸리는 일수를 조사하였다. 그 결과 1, 2, 8, 10, 11 처리구에서 5~6일로 가장 빠른 핀발이 소요일수를 보였으며, 3번 처리구의 이스트 처리 배지에서 20일로 가장 느린 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 3번 처리구를 제외하고 이스트 처리에 따른 핀발이 소요일수는 크게 차이가 없었으며 핀발이소요일수 총평균은 약 12일이었다(도 12 참조).After yellowing, the media were transferred to a grower. After 10 days of incubation, the medium was pierced to a diameter of about 3 cm on the side of the bottle to induce fruiting and the number of days required for footing was examined. As a result, the fastest pinweed days were 5 ~ 6 days in 1, 2, 8, 10, 11 treatments and the slowest was 20 days in yeast treatment medium of 3 treatments. There was no significant difference in the number of pinball days following the yeast treatment except for the number 3 treatments, and the average number of pinball days was about 12 days (see FIG. 12).

1-5-5. 배지별 자실체 생산량1-5-5. Fruit body production per medium

핀발이가 된 후 20일동안 동일한 재배사에서 생육시킨 후 자실체를 수확하여 수확량을 조사하였다. 그 결과 처리구 8이 처리구와 미처리구 모두 약 75g/병으로 가장 높은 수확량을 보였으며, 그 다음으로 처리구 9가 약 70g/병을 보였다. 반면 처리구 3은 미처리구가 30g/병, 처리구가 20g/병을 보여 가장 낮은 생산량을 보였다. 이번 실험에서 이스트 처리에 따른 생산량의 변화는 특이할 만한 경향을 나타내지는 않았으며, 자실체 품질면에서도 별다른 차이점을 나타내지 않았다(도 13 참조). After finning, the fruit was grown in the same cultivar for 20 days. The fruit body was harvested and the yield was examined. As a result, the treatment group 8 showed the highest yield of about 75 g / bottle in both treatment and non-treatment group, followed by treatment group 9 about 70 g / bottle. On the other hand, treatment 3 showed the lowest production with 30 g / bottle of untreated and 20 g / bottle of treatment. In this experiment, the change in the yield after yeast treatment did not show a specific tendency, and there was no difference in quality of fruiting body (see FIG. 13).

실시예 2: 질소원의 첨가에 따른 참바늘버섯의 생장속도 조사Example 2: Growth rate of true needle mushroom according to addition of nitrogen source

2-1. 실험 재료 및 방법2-1. Materials and Methods

(1) 균주 및 보전(1) Strain and conservation

본 실험에 사용된 균주는 전남산림자원연구소에 보관하고 있는 'JF33-02'이다. 'JF33-02'는 강원도 평창군의 월정사 근처 활엽수 고목에서 채취하여 순수 분리한 모균주로 품종 계량화 되었으며 버섯 자실체와 분자생물학적인 방법으로 동정 확인된 참바늘버섯이다. 냉장 보관되어 있는 균주는 활력 저하로 인한 실험의 부 정확성 때문에 수차례 계대배양 하여 기존의 문헌과 동일한 활력을 가질 때 사용하였다.The strain used in this experiment is 'JF33-02' which is kept in Jeonnam Forest Resources Research Institute. 'JF33-02' is a true mushroom which has been identified as a parent strain isolated from a hardwood tree near Woljeong Temple in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province and identified as mushroom fruiting body and molecular biology. The strains that were stored in the refrigerator were cultured several times due to the inaccuracies of the experiment due to the decrease of vitality and used to have the same vitality as the existing literature.

(2) 배지제조 및 접종원(2) Production and inoculation of medium

65% 수분 조절이 되어 있지 않는 톱밥배지(발효참나무톱밥 : 건조맥주박 : 옥수수가루 : 미강을 8 : 1 : 0.5 : 0.5)에 질소원인 Poly-peptone을 1%, 2%, 3%(w/v)로 희석된 멸균수를 이용해 수분 조절하였다. 배합된 배지는 850 ml 병에 600 g을 입병하였으며 121 ℃에서 90분간 고압 살균하여 식힌 후 접종을 할 수 있도록 준비하였다.2%, 3% (w / v) of poly-peptone, which causes nitrogen, in a 65% moisture controlled sawdust medium (fermented oak sawdust: dried brewers: corn flour: ) ≪ / RTI > in sterile water. The compounded medium was 600 g in an 850 ml bottle, sterilized at 121 ° C for 90 minutes, cooled, and then inoculated.

접종원은 Φ 90mm petri-dish에 배지 20 ml씩을 분주한 후에 중앙에 Φ 5 mm 균주를 접종하였다. 배지는 Difco PDA 시판배지에 0.5 %(w/v) Agar를 추가하였다. 이는 참바늘버섯의 균 생장 특성상 생장하면서 수분을 뿜어내는 성질 때문에 균의 물러짐을 방지하기 위해서 이다.The inoculum was inoculated with 20 ml of medium to a Φ 90 mm petri-dish and then inoculated with Φ 5 mm at the center. The medium was supplemented with 0.5% (w / v) Agar in Difco PDA commercial media. This is to prevent the retraction of the bacterium due to the nature of bacteriostatic growth of true needle mushroom and its ability to breathe water while growing.

균이 Φ 80 mm 크기까지 자라면 접종원으로부터 반경 30 mm 원을 그린 다음 그 원주를 따라 Φ 10 mm 코르크보어로 punching 하고 이를 병당 5개씩 상치하였다.When the bacteria were growing up to Φ 80 mm, a circle with a radius of 30 mm was drawn from the inoculum and then punched with Φ 10 mm cork bore along the circumference.

(3) 배양 및 재배(3) Cultivation and cultivation

접종된 배지는 균이 만연 할 때까지 25℃에서 배양하였다. 배양 완료된 배지는 10일 동안 15℃ 저온 후숙 처리 후 측면 타공과 분무기를 통한 수분 공급으로 발이 유도를 하였다. 발이 유도가 끝난 버섯은 같은 온도에서 상대습도 90%로 재배하였다.The inoculated medium was incubated at 25 ° C until the bacteria were spread. The cultured medium was inoculated at 15 ° C for 10 days at low temperature, followed by lateral perforation and water supply through a sprayer. The footed mushrooms were grown at 90% relative humidity at the same temperature.

(4) 측정 및 분석(4) Measurement and analysis

각 집단은 30개체를 기본으로 원기형성일 12일 부터 6일 동안 5개체를 수확하여 생중량과 다당류 변화량을 조사하였다. In each group, 5 individuals were harvested from 12 days to 6 days on the basis of 30 individuals, and the changes in the biomass and polysaccharide were investigated.

2-2. 질소원의 버섯생장과의 상관관계 분석 결과2-2. Analysis of correlation with growth of mushroom in nitrogen source

(1)질소원이 버섯 저장성에 미치는 영향(1) Effect of nitrogen source on mushroom storage

배지에 질소원으로 Poly-peptone을 공급할 경우 저장성의 증가와 빠른 생장량을 보였다(도 14 참조). 1%~2%를 추가한 배지에서 발생된 버섯은 무처리에서 발생된 버섯보다 생장 면에서 빠른 생장을 보였다. 다만 다당류 추출에서 Poly-peptone 1% 처리구는 무처리구와 별 차이를 보이지 않았지만 1%의 처리구가 1일 빠르게 노화시기가 돌아 왔으면서 노화되는 시기가 1일 늦게 돌아왔다. 2% 처리구에서도 다당류 증가는 보이지 않았지만 빠른 생장과 함께 노화되는 시기가 무처리구보다 월등히 길었다(표 6 및 도 14 참조).When poly-peptone was supplied as a nitrogen source to the culture medium, storage stability was increased and rapid growth was observed (see Fig. 14). The mushrooms produced from medium supplemented with 1% ~ 2% showed faster growth than the mushrooms grown without treatment. However, in polysaccharide extraction, 1% of Poly-peptone treatment did not show any difference from the untreated group, but 1% treatment group returned to the early one day and the aging time returned to late one day. The polysaccharide did not increase even in the 2% treatment area, but the aging time with the rapid growth was much longer than that in the control (see Table 6 and Fig. 14).

하지만 3%의 Poly-peptone을 배지에 공급한 처리구에서는 느린 생장 속도와 버섯 생산량의 감소를 보였으며 이와 함께 다당류 생산도 감소되었다. However, treatment with 3% poly-peptone in the medium showed a slow growth rate and a decrease in mushroom production, as well as a decrease in polysaccharide production.

Fruiting Periods (day)Fruiting Periods (day) Untreated Untreated TreatedTreated aa TreatedTreated bb TreatedTreated cc Fresh Weight (g)Fresh Weight (g) 1212 115.6 ± 4.4115.6 ± 4.4 130.3 ± 4.5130.3 ± 4.5 137.7 ± 3.4137.7 ± 3.4 124.0 ± 4.0124.0 + - 4.0 1313 136.5 ± 4.1136.5 + 4.1 139.0 ± 3.4139.0 ± 3.4 146.6 ± 3.5146.6 ± 3.5 132.2 ± 2.4132.2 ± 2.4 1414 141.9 ± 2.5141.9 ± 2.5 145.2 ± 4.2145.2 ± 4.2 152.3 ± 4.4152.3 ± 4.4 136.5 ± 2.9136.5 ± 2.9 1515 145.8 ± 2.9145.8 ± 2.9 151.4 ± 2.8151.4 ± 2.8 161.4 ± 3.4161.4 ± 3.4 134.5 ± 3.2134.5 ± 3.2 1616 150.8 ± 4.2150.8 ± 4.2 155.9 ± 2.4155.9 ± 2.4 164.5 ± 4.0164.5 ± 4.0 133.8 ± 3.7133.8 ± 3.7 1717 148.8 ± 3.7148.8 ± 3.7 159.7 ± 3.9159.7 ± 3.9 165.4 ± 2.5165.4 ± 2.5 135.6 ± 4.2135.6 ± 4.2 Polysaccharide
Yield(%)
Polysaccharide
Yield (%)
1212 9.9 9.9 9.89.8 10.6 10.6 8.58.5
1313 10.2 10.2 10.410.4 11.3 11.3 9.09.0 1414 11.0 11.0 10.810.8 11.011.0 9.29.2 1515 10.6 10.6 10.110.1 10.510.5 9.49.4 1616 9.8 9.8 9.99.9 9.69.6 8.08.0 1717 8.2 8.2 9.29.2 9.49.4 7.67.6 a : Treated with 1% of Nitrogen Source, b : Treated with 2% of Nitrogen Source, c : Treated with 1% of Nitrogen Sourcea: Treated with 1% of Nitrogen Source, b: Treated with 2% of Nitrogen Source, c: Treated with 1% of Nitrogen Source

참바늘버섯의 자실체는 원기형성 일부터 생장곡선을 그리면서 성장하며 재배일 20일 째 생장 임계선을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 생장 임계선이 20일 때 나타나지만 재배일로부터 14일부터는 다당류의 감소가 나타난다. 이로 인해 재배일로부터 14~15일(자실체 생중량 150g)일째가 최적 수확시기인 것으로 판단된다.Fruiting body of true needle mushroom grew with a growth curve from the date of development and showed a growth critical line on the 20th day of cultivation. It appears when the growth threshold line is 20, but polysaccharide decreases from 14 days after the date of cultivation. Therefore, it is judged that the optimum harvesting time is 14 to 15 days from the date of cultivation (150 g of fresh weight body weight).

실시예 3: 참바늘버섯의 면역물질의 최적 추출조건 확립Example 3: Establishment of optimum extraction condition of immune substance of true needle mushroom

3-1. 실험재료 및 방법3-1. Materials and Methods

(1) 실험재료(1) Experimental material

본 실험에서 사용한 참바늘버섯 시료는 주관기관인 전남산림자원연구소로부터 직접 제공 받아 이를 분쇄기로 분말화하여 시료로 사용하였다.The true mushroom samples used in this experiment were supplied directly from Jeonnam Forest Resources Research Institute and were powdered by a pulverizer to be used as a sample.

(2) 건조조건 및 추출온도에 따른 추출조건 확립(2) Establish extraction conditions according to drying condition and extraction temperature

참바늘버섯을 각각 동결건조 및 열풍건조하여 중량의 10배수에 해당하는 증류수를 첨가하고, Hot plate에서 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100℃로 8시간씩 추출하였다. 추출물을 Whatman No.1 여과지를 사용하여 감압여과한 후, 걸러진 추출액에 2배수의 EtOH을 넣어 24시간동안 침지시켰다. 침지액을 5500rpm, 15min의 조건으로 원심분리하여 상층액은 따로 보관하여 감압농축 후에, 동결건조 하였다. 그리고 침전물은 그대로 회수하여 동결건조하여 수율을 계산하였다.The true mushrooms were freeze-dried and hot-air dried, and distilled water corresponding to 10 times the weight of the mushrooms was added and extracted for 8 hours at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 ° C on a hot plate. The extract was filtered under reduced pressure using Whatman No.1 filter paper, and then 2 times of EtOH was added to the filtered extract to immerse for 24 hours. The immersion liquid was centrifuged under the conditions of 5500 rpm, 15 min. The supernatant was stored separately, concentrated under reduced pressure, and then lyophilized. The precipitate was recovered as it was, freeze-dried, and the yield was calculated.

(3) 추출횟수에 따른 추출조건 확립(3) Establish extraction condition according to extraction frequency

분말화된 참바늘버섯 열풍건조시료에 중량의 10배수에 해당하는 증류수를 첨가하고, Hot plate에서 70℃로 8시간씩 1, 2, 3차 추출하였다. 추출물을 Whatman No.1 여과지를 사용하여 감압여과한 후, 걸러진 추출액에 2배수의 EtOH을 넣어 24시간동안 침지시켰다. 침지액을 5500rpm, 15min의 조건으로 원심분리하여 상층액은 따로 보관하여 감압농축 후에, 동결건조 하였다. 침전물은 그대로 회수하여 동결건조하여 수율을 계산하였다.Distilled water corresponding to 10 times of weight was added to the powdered true needle mushroom hot air dried sample and 1, 2, and 3 were extracted from the hot plate at 70 ° C for 8 hours. The extract was filtered under reduced pressure using Whatman No.1 filter paper, and then 2 times of EtOH was added to the filtered extract to immerse for 24 hours. The immersion liquid was centrifuged under the conditions of 5500 rpm, 15 min. The supernatant was stored separately, concentrated under reduced pressure, and then lyophilized. The precipitate was recovered as it was, lyophilized, and the yield was calculated.

(4) 추출온도에 따른 추출조건 확립(4) Establish extraction condition according to extraction temperature

분말화된 참바늘버섯 건조시료에 중량의 10배수에 해당하는 증류수를 첨가하고, 5시간 동안 각기 다른 온도에서 열처리 한다. 열처리한 추출물을 Whatman No.1 여과지를 사용하여 감압여과한 후, 걸러진 추출물에 2배수의 EtOH을 넣어 24시간동안 침지시켰다. 침전물을 건조하여 건조수율을 계산하고, 건조수율이 가장 높은 추출온도조건에서 시간별 다당류 수율을 확인하기 위해 1~12시간까지 시간별로 추출물을 만들어 최적 추출시간을 결정하였다.Distilled water equivalent to 10 times the weight of the powdered dried needles mushroom is added to the dried sample and heat-treated at different temperatures for 5 hours. The heat-treated extract was filtered under reduced pressure using a Whatman No. 1 filter paper, and then 2-fold EtOH was added to the filtered extract, followed by immersion for 24 hours. Drying time was calculated by drying the precipitate, and extracting time from 1 to 12 hours to determine the yield of polysaccharide over time at the highest extraction temperature.

(5) 당조성 분석(5) Analysis of sugar composition

다당류의 구성다당의 비율을 확인하기 위하여 각 조건별 참바늘버섯 추출물을 GC-MS를 이용하여 구성당을 분석하였다. 다당류는 강산(염산)으로 가수분해한 후, 동결건조하여 분석용 시료를 확보하였다. 확보된 시료는 Pyridine, (Trimethylsilyl) Trifluoroacetamide (1% Trimethylchlorosilane)으로 유도체화를 시켜 GC-MS로 분석하였다. GC-MS 분석조건은 아래 표 7과 같다.To determine the proportion of polysaccharides constituting polysaccharides, the constituent sugars were analyzed by GC-MS for each of the conditions. The polysaccharides were hydrolyzed with strong acid (hydrochloric acid) and lyophilized to obtain analytical samples. The obtained samples were analyzed by GC-MS with derivatization with pyridine, (Trimethylsilyl) Trifluoroacetamide (1% Trimethylchlorosilane). GC-MS analysis conditions are shown in Table 7 below.

ConditionCondition GC / MS [1]GC / MS [1] ColumnColumn J&W Scientific, DB-5 cross linked 5% phenylmethyl siliconeJ & W Scientific, DB-5 cross linked 5% phenylmethyl silicone CarrierCarrier HeiumHeium Split / SplitlessSplit / Splitless SplitlessSplitless Injection VolumeInjection Volume 1 μL1 μL DetectorDetector MSMS MS SourceMS Source 230 (℃)230 (占 폚) MS Quad MS Quad 150 (℃)150 (占 폚) Analytical TemperatureAnalytical Temperature   RateRate ValueValue Hold timeHold time (℃/min)(° C / min) (℃)(° C) (min)(min) InitialInitial       1st step1st step   6565 1010 2nd step2nd step 1010 300300 2222 TotalTotal 55.5 min55.5 min Electron IonizationElectron Ionization 70 ev70 eV Mass RangeMass Range 35 ~ 400 amu 35 to 400 amu Scan methodScan method Full ScanFull Scan [1] HP agilent GC : 7890A MS : 5975C [1] HP agilent GC: 7890A MS: 5975C

(6) 참바늘버섯의 추출온도에 따른 β-glucan 함량 분석(6) Analysis of β-glucan content by extraction temperature of true needle mushroom

참바늘버섯 추출물의 지표성분은 베타글루칸으로 설정하였다. 시료 약 250mg에 50ml의 증류수를 가한다. 여기에 아밀라아제(20unit) 10mg을 취한다. 0.1N 수산화나트륨용액을 이용하여 pH를 6.9로 맞춘 후 20℃에서 2시간동안 진탕하여 효소분해 시킨다. 위의 용액에 0.1N 염산용액으로 pH를 5.0으로 맞추고 셀룰라아제(50unit)를 넣고 37℃에서 2시간동안 진탕하여 효소분해 시킨다. 위의 용액에 프로테아제(10unit)를 넣고 0.1N 수산화나트륨 용액으로 pH를 7.5로 한 후, 37℃에서 2시간 진탕 효소분해 시킨다. 위의 용액에 아밀로글루코시다제(70unit)을 넣고 0.1N 염산용액으로 pH 4.8로 한 후 60℃에서 2시간동안 진탕 효소분해 시킨다. 효소분해 물에 95%의 EtOH 100ml을 가하여 4℃에서 12시간이상 침지시킨다. 침지된 용액을 10000rpm으로 10분간 원심분리하여 침전물을 취한다. 시료의 침전물에 80% EtOH를 가하여 4℃에서 1시간동안 침지시킨 후 10000rpm에서 10분간 원심 분리하여 침전물을 얻는다. 이 침전물에 5ml의 증류수를 가하여 혼합하여 균질화 한다. 5%의 phenol 1ml에 농도별 표준용액(D-glucose) 1ml와 시험용액 1ml(100ul+증류수900ul)를 가하여 혼합하여 황산 5ml을 넣고 혼합하여 실온에서 20분 동안 반응 시킨다. 흡광도는 파장 470nm에서 측정한다.The indicator component of the true mushroom extract was set to be beta glucan. About 250 mg of sample is added with 50 ml of distilled water. To this, 10 mg of amylase (20 unit) is taken. The pH is adjusted to 6.9 with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution and the enzyme is decomposed by shaking at 20 ° C for 2 hours. To the above solution, the pH is adjusted to 5.0 with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution, and 50 units of cellulase (50 units) is added and shaken at 37 ° C for 2 hours for enzyme decomposition. Proteinase (10 units) is added to the above solution, the pH is adjusted to 7.5 with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution, and the enzyme is digested with shaking at 37 ° C for 2 hours. Amyloglucosidase (70 units) is added to the above solution, the pH is adjusted to 4.8 with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution, and the enzyme is digested with shaking at 60 ° C for 2 hours. 100 ml of 95% EtOH is added to the enzyme-degraded product and the product is immersed at 4 캜 for 12 hours or more. The immersed solution is centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes to take up the precipitate. The precipitate of the sample is immersed in 80% EtOH at 4 ° C for 1 hour and then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a precipitate. To this precipitate, 5 ml of distilled water is added and mixed to homogenize. 1 ml of standard solution (D-glucose) and 1 ml of test solution (100 ul + 900 ul of distilled water) are added to 1 ml of 5% phenol and mixed with 5 ml of sulfuric acid. The mixture is reacted at room temperature for 20 minutes. The absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 470 nm.

3-1. 실험 결과3-1. Experiment result

(1) 건조조건에 따른 참바늘버섯의 추출 수율(1) Extraction yield of true needle mushroom according to drying conditions

건조조건별 추출온도에 따른 추출량 및 수율을 나타낸 결과는 표 8 및 9와 도 15와 같다. 동결건조물과 열풍건조물 모두 40℃의 추출조건에서 추출수율이 높았다가 온도가 증가함에 따라 점차 낮아지는 경향을 보였고, 80℃추출에서 가장 낮은 추출수율을 보인 후, 90℃ 추출에 다시 추출 수율이 높아졌다가 100℃에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 열풍건조물의 경우에는 90℃ 추출에서 가장 높은 추출수율을 보였으나, 추출수율과 추출에서의 경제적인 요건도 고려하였때, 동결건조물과 열풍건조물 모두 40℃의 온도조건에서 추출하는 것이 합리적이라고 사료된다.The results of the extraction amount and yield according to the extraction temperature according to the drying conditions are shown in Tables 8 and 9 and FIG. Both the freeze-dried and hot-air dried products showed high extraction yield at 40 ℃ and gradually decreased with increasing temperature. After 80 ℃ extraction showed the lowest extraction yield and 90 ℃ extraction yield again Was decreased at 100 캜. In the case of hot-air dried products, the highest extraction yield was obtained at 90 ° C extraction. However, considering both the extraction yield and the economical requirements for extraction, it is reasonable to extract at temperatures of 40 ° C in both lyophilized and hot air dried products .

온도(℃)Temperature (℃) 추출량(g)Extraction amount (g) 수율(%)yield(%) 동결
건조물





freezing
Building





4040 0.9070.907 9.079.07
5050 0.7550.755 7.557.55 6060 0.6120.612 6.126.12 7070 0.3900.390 3.903.90 8080 0.2820.282 2.822.82 9090 0.4050.405 4.054.05 100100 0.3610.361 3.613.61

온도(℃)Temperature (℃) 추출량(g)Extraction amount (g) 수율(%)yield(%) 열풍
건조물





sirocco
Building





4040 0.6120.612 6.126.12
5050 0.5000.500 5.005.00 6060 0.3330.333 3.333.33 7070 0.2160.216 2.162.16 8080 0.2130.213 2.132.13 9090 0.6460.646 6.466.46 100100 0.3690.369 3.69 3.69

(2) 최적 추출조건 확립(2) Establishment of optimal extraction condition

참바늘버섯 열풍건조물을 이용하여 시간, 추출횟수별 추출 효율을 확인하기 위해 50℃의 조건에서 시간별로 3회씩 추출하여 수율을 계산하였다. 그 결과, 추출시간은 8시간이 최적으로 판단되었으며, 추출횟수는 최소 2회로 하는 것이 적합할 것으로 생각되었다. (표 10 참조).In order to confirm the extraction efficiency by time and extraction frequency, the yield was calculated by extracting 3 times at 50 ℃ under the conditions of using hot dried mushroom hot mushroom. As a result, it was considered that the extraction time was optimal for 8 hours and the extraction frequency should be at least 2 times. (See Table 10).

시간(hr)Time (hr) 1차(g)The primary (g) 2차(g)Secondary (g) 3차(g)Third (g) 총계(g)Total (g) 수율(%)yield(%) 1One 0.3820.382 0.2800.280 0.0540.054 0.7160.716 7.1647.164 22 0.3260.326 0.2570.257 0.1290.129 0.7120.712 7.1157.115 44 0.5400.540 0.3030.303 0.1120.112 0.9550.955 9.5519.551 88 0.9080.908 0.2000.200 0.0910.091 1.2001.200 12.00212.002 1010 0.7670.767 0.2060.206 0.1120.112 1.0841.084 10.83910.839

(3) 온도, 시간별 다당류 추출 수율 분석 및 GC-MS를 이용한 베타글루칸 당조성 분석(3) Analysis of polysaccharide extraction yield by temperature and time and analysis of beta-glucan sugar composition by GC-MS

다당류의 최적수율을 확인하기 위해 추출온도를 달리하여 다당류의 양을 확인하였다. 온도에 따른 다당류 추출물의 수율은 점차적으로 감소하는 양상을 보였으며, 40℃에서 다당류 고형물의 수율이 가장 높았다. 다당류의 구성다당은 GC-MS를 이용하여 분석하였으며 분석시료는 온도별로 추출한 다당류를 사용하였다. 온도별 다당류 추출물의 당분석 Chromatogram은 도 16 내지 22와 같다.To determine the optimum yield of polysaccharides, the amount of polysaccharides was determined by varying the extraction temperature. The yield of polysaccharide extracts decreased gradually with temperature, and the yield of polysaccharide solids was highest at 40 ℃. The polysaccharides of polysaccharides were analyzed by GC-MS and the polysaccharides extracted by temperature were used as analytical samples. The sugar analysis Chromatogram of polysaccharide extract by temperature is shown in FIGS.

온도별 다당류 추출물의 구성다당 비율은 도 23과 같다. GC-MS로 분석시 4종의 다당류가 검출되었으며, 추출온도에 따라 구성 다당의 비율이 약간 상이한데 고온의 추출조건일수록 Glucose의 양이 감소하는 반면 Sucrose비율이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. Mannose, Fructose는 상대적으로 적은 비율을 차지하고 있었다.The composition of the polysaccharide extract by temperature is shown in Fig. Four kinds of polysaccharides were detected by GC-MS, and the proportion of constituent polysaccharides was slightly different depending on the extraction temperature. It was found that the amount of glucosin was decreased and the sucrose ratio was increased as the temperature of extraction was increased. Mannose and fructose accounted for a relatively small proportion.

(4) 참바늘버섯의 추출온도에 따른 β-glucan 함량 분석(4) Analysis of β-glucan content by extraction temperature of true needle mushroom

참바늘버섯 열풍건조물의 온도별 추출수율은 90℃에서 가장 높은 추출 수율을 보였으나, 추출 온도에 따른 β-glucan 함량을 비교해 본 결과, 50℃의 온도조건에서 추출한 추출물에서 가장 높은 β-glucan 함량을 보여, 50℃의 온도조건이 추출 수율도 비교적 높고 β-glucan 함량이 높아 참바늘버섯의 최적추출온도로 적합한 것으로 사료된다(표 11 참조).The extraction yields of hot dried mushroom hot mushrooms showed the highest extraction yield at 90 ℃. However, the content of β-glucan by extraction temperature was the highest, and the highest β-glucan content , And the temperature of 50 ℃ was relatively high and the content of β-glucan was high enough to be the optimum extraction temperature for true needle mushrooms (see Table 11).

추출물extract 베타글루칸 함량(mg/g)Beta Glucan Content (mg / g) 40℃ 추출물40 ℃ extract 85.84ㅁ12.86 85.84 ㅁ 12.86 50℃ 추출물50 ℃ extract 160.20ㅁ11.87 160.20 ㅁ 11.87 60℃ 추출물60 ℃ extract 132.15ㅁ30.32 132.15 ㅁ 30.32 70℃ 추출물70 ℃ extract 108.88ㅁ6.28 108.88 ㅁ 6.28 80℃ 추출물80 ℃ extract 92.52ㅁ11.30 92.52 ㅁ 11.30 90℃ 추출물90 ℃ extract 97.18ㅁ6.33 97.18 6.33 100℃ 추출물100 ℃ extract 88.59ㅁ7.75 88.59 7.75

Claims (5)

톱밥배지로 발효참나무톱밥: 건조맥주박: 옥수수가루: 미강을 8 내지 10 : 0.8 내지 1.2 : 0.4 내지 0.6 : 0.4 내지 0.6의 중량비로 함유하고, 질소원을 상기 톱밥배지의 총 중량을 기준으로 0.8 내지 2.2 중량%로 함유하는 참바늘버섯의 재배 배지.
Wherein the nitrogen source is contained in an amount of from 0.8 to 2.2% by weight based on the total weight of the sawdust medium; Growth medium of true needle mushroom containing weight%.
제1항의 배양 배지가 540 내지 610g으로 병입된 참바늘버섯의 재배용 병.
A cultivating bottle of true needle mushroom in which the culture medium of claim 1 is fed at 540 to 610 g.
제1항의 배지 또는 제2항의 병에 병입된 제1항의 배지에 참바늘버섯의 종균을 접종하고 온도 15ㅁ2℃, 상대습도 95% 조건의 배양실에서 28일 내지 31일간 암배양후 재배실로 옮겨 온도 25ㅁ2℃, 상대습도 70%, 300Lux(1일 8시간 이상) 조건에서 9일 내지 11일간의 발이유도후 13 내지 15일 동안 재배하는 것을 특징으로 하는 참바늘버섯의 재배 방법.
The seed medium of the present invention is inoculated into the medium of claim 1 or the medium of claim 1, which has been introduced into the bottle of claim 1, and cultured for 28 to 31 days in a culture room at a temperature of 15 캜 2 캜 and a relative humidity of 95% Wherein the plant is cultivated at a temperature of 25 캜 2 캜, a relative humidity of 70% and 300 Lux (8 hours or more per day) for 9 to 11 days after induction of the foot for 13 to 15 days.
제3항에 있어서, 상기 재배 시 온도는 15℃ㅁ2℃이며, 재배 습도는 상대습도 90 내지 95%인 것을 특징으로 하는 참바늘버섯의 재배 방법.
[4] The method according to claim 3, wherein the cultivation temperature is 15 [deg.] C or 2 [deg.] C, and the cultivation humidity is 90 to 95% relative humidity.
제3항의 방법에 의하여 재배된 참바늘버섯을 분말화한 후 40 내지 55℃에서 열수 추출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 참바늘버섯의 추출 방법.A method for extracting true needle mushroom characterized in that the true needle mushroom cultivated by the method of claim 3 is pulverized and then subjected to hot water extraction at 40 to 55 ° C.
KR1020160106277A 2016-08-22 2016-08-22 A method of cultivating Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii for increasing immunostimulants and a method of extracting therefrom KR102667286B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101110487B1 (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-31 전라남도 New mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii strains and artificial method for cultivating same
KR101347219B1 (en) * 2011-11-24 2014-01-03 한라산동충하초영농조합법인 a Method of Cultivation Cordyceps Militaris

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101110487B1 (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-31 전라남도 New mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii strains and artificial method for cultivating same
KR101347219B1 (en) * 2011-11-24 2014-01-03 한라산동충하초영농조합법인 a Method of Cultivation Cordyceps Militaris

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