KR20170011327A - Tree-Planting Soil Composition Comprising Coffee Waste and Method of Planting Tree Using The Same - Google Patents

Abstract

(A) from 3 to 15% by weight of sewage sludge; (B) 15 to 40% by weight of paper sludge; (C) 10 to 15% by weight of sawdust; (D) 5 to 15% by weight of a coffee bean; (E) 35 to 50% by weight of granular weathering soil; And (F) 2 to 10% by weight of a soil stabilizer. The greening method using the green soil composition improves adhesion between the green soil particles and reduces scattering and erosion, It is possible to enlarge the space where the roots can be expanded, remove or reduce odor of the sludge and sludge, increase the moisture retention in the mid to long term, and provide a rich organic material.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a green soil composition comprising a coffee bean,

The present invention relates to a green soil composition including a coffee ground and a greening method using the green soil composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to a green soil composition comprising a coffee ground, The present invention relates to a greening composition capable of promoting the growth of plants by utilizing waste organic components such as coffee beans and a greening method using the same.

In large-scale civil engineering works and incised or hilly areas that occur during the construction of complexes, soil erosion occurs due to summer or winter snowfall, slope collapse occurs due to heavy rain, typhoon, or the removal of artificial loads. As a result, This destruction is damaged. For this reason, artificial recording is becoming an essential issue.

Generally, the slope surface rock slope method of non-soil rock slope has a method of constructing a soil construction method that disturb hard sliced slopes and improve the physical properties to make the base of the vegetation growth, the planting method of keeping the soil layer or soil pouch on the slope, Terrace or small-piece construction method to make the soil for planting by fixing the structure of L or U by fixing the rock structure to the slope by using an anchor or the like, and a sloping cancer by filling the soil with the soil. There is a method. In addition, it is possible to form a crack-shaped slit that is cracked with high water pressure on hard cut surfaces such as Niam and weathered rock, A water chute digging method for spraying seeds thereon, and a vine plant greening method for introducing woody plants and vine plants as a shielding material to rocks.

Many artificial soil compositions used for artificial greening for constructing a greening method for restoring the environment have been developed. For example, in Korean Patent Publication No. 1992-10930, pit, briquette material, sludge cake and pulp sludge are mixed And Korean Patent Publication No. 1996-11616 discloses a corroded soil composition containing a briquette material, paper by-products, composted sawdust, peat, masato, humectant motel, and organic matter.

Korean Patent No. 10-0419583 discloses a green soil composition comprising a mixture of peat, resident bark, barley powder, masato, activated carbon, paper sludge, paper fiber, carboxymethyl cellulose and compound fertilizer, 0014524 discloses an artificial soil mixed with mud or microfine or a mixture of masato with a mixture of peat or chrysotile, paper crumb or pulp mill, sawdust or bark crumb, fermentation flour or dry flour, microbiological activator Furisol F Lt; / RTI >

Korean Patent Publication No. 96-1828 discloses an artificial soil composition which acts as a medium for reducing fertilizer components using natural soil living sludge and paper sludge as a kind of artificial soil.

Although the green soil composition substantially improves the moisture retention and improves the adhesion and growth rate, the thickness of the green soil to be pored is relatively thin, so there is a limit to enhance the moisture retention in the dryer, and especially in the rainy season, nutrients are lost together with water There is a problem that sufficient nutrition can not be provided for growing within a short time.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-38023 discloses a method of producing a fiber-reinforced composite material comprising a calcium-based mineral, toba- molite as a main component, and a mixture of a light-weight foamed concrete having a specific diameter and a compost with plant seeds, fibers, chemical fertilizers, . However, this vegetation soil has a problem of narrowing the choice of plant for greening due to lack of soil nutrients.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 3-180618 and 3-180619 disclose a method for improving the germinability, stickiness, water retention and workability by adding a carboxyl methyl ether salt to a fertilizer composition obtained by removing potato starch, soybean meal and barley straw, Although it was used for the sloping greening, it mainly uses vegetable material as main material, which is disadvantageous to long-term greening of the slope.

Conventional artificial soil compositions have a problem in that the soil composition is slid down due to rainfall during the greening process after the application of the spray, or the attraction force of the artificial soil water is insufficient under the dry climatic conditions, There is a problem that the composition is poor in moisturizing power and the vegetation is poor or even dead.

In addition, when the green soil has a weak adhesive force between the particles after the application, it is difficult to apply when the incision is severe, and when the freezing is severe, cracks occur and moisture evaporates. The pores between the particles weaken the supporting force due to the planting of the plant roots. As the plants grow, they do not firmly support the expansion space of the roots. Therefore, the cultivation of the plants is not smoothly performed. The germinated seeds would fail.

In order to recycle various byproducts, a lot of greening and soiling methods utilize sewage sludge, sludge, and flour, which causes a lot of odor at the beginning of construction.

Coffee imports are increasing every year, and a large amount of coffee grounds are generated, and most of the coffee waste is discarded as food waste. Therefore, recycling is hardly achieved.

The present inventors have made intensive efforts to solve the above problems. As a result, the present inventors have found that, when a green soil composition is prepared by further adding a soil stabilizer (short fiber derived from wood) and a coffee bean to a green soil composition, It is possible to increase the space where the roots can be expanded by raising the ratio of the granular weathered soil and to eliminate or reduce the odor of the sludge or sludge and to increase the moisture retention and increase the abundant organic matter And the present invention has been completed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a green soil composition which prevents scattering and erosion by increasing binding force for plant rooting of green soil and utilizes abundant waste organic material and a greenery method using same.

In order to attain the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing a water-based sludge comprising (A) 3 to 15% by weight of sewage sludge; (B) 15 to 40% by weight of paper sludge; (C) 10 to 15% by weight of sawdust; (D) 5 to 15% by weight of a coffee bean; (E) 35 to 50% by weight of granular weathering soil; (F) 2 to 10% by weight of a soil stabilizer.

The present invention also provides a greening method characterized by using a green soil composition utilizing the above-mentioned coffee grounds.

The green soil composition using the coffee grounds according to the present invention and the greening method using the same provide a stronger bonding force between the green soil particles after the construction, which reduces scattering and erosion, It is very advantageous, and the supplementation of the organic material accelerates the penetration of the soil, thereby improving the moisture and moisturizing properties. In addition, the strengthening of the bond can increase the total amount of the granular weathering soil to strengthen the supporting force of the root of the plant to secure the root to grow the root of the plant.

It can remove odor of sludge and sludge, increase moisture retention in the mid and long term, and provide rich organic material. By providing continuous nutrients, coffee waste can be recycled as well as supporting the growth of planted plants. Can be successfully performed.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between mixing ratio of soil stabilizer and flooding date of decay in the long-term flooding test using the green soil composition according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in the rate of loss of soil according to the mixing ratio of the soil stabilizer in the water resistance test using the green soil composition according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the vegetation state of the experimental group according to the elapsed days after indoor application using the green soil composition according to the present invention.
4 is a photograph showing the vegetation state of the experimental group according to the elapsed days after outdoor application using the green soil composition according to the present invention.

In the present invention, when the green soil composition is prepared by further adding the wood-derived short-fiber soil stabilizer to the green soil composition, the bonding strength between the green soil particles after the application is improved and the green soil can be further increased in thickness, It is possible to enlarge the space to be constructed. Also, it was confirmed that the addition of a large amount of organic matter by using the coffee bean containing high quality nitrogen component classified as waste affects the long - term growth and cold tolerance of the plant.

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising (A) 3 to 15% by weight of sewage sludge; (B) 15 to 40% by weight of paper sludge; (C) 10 to 15% by weight of sawdust; (D) 5 to 15% by weight of a coffee bean; (E) 35 to 50% by weight of granular weathering soil; (F) 2 to 10% by weight of a soil stabilizer.

Each component of the green soil composition utilizing the coffee beans according to the present invention will be described in detail.

(A) Sewage sludge

The sewage sludge (sewage sludge) is sewage sludge from the sewage treatment plant and is residual sewage sludge residue, which contains a large amount of water and organic microorganisms which are not decomposed with various kinds of hospital microorganisms. Therefore, . Therefore, after controlling the water content of the sludge to 60% or less through the first fermentation process according to the criteria of the Ministry of the Environment Notice No. 2011-64, the remaining odor and pathogenic microorganisms after the first fermentation are removed through the second fermentation process, All organic matter is decomposed and used. It is characterized by the fact that it decomposes all the non-decomposed organic matter contained in the sludge during the secondary fermentation process and thus has a rich organic content.

The content of sewage sludge used in the green soil composition of the present invention is 3 to 15% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, more preferably 10 to 15% by weight. When the content is more than 15% by weight, the above-mentioned effect is saturated, so that problems such as drought damage and air permeability and the artificial soil itself are cured and the plant seeds May cause problems in germination and growth.

(B) Paper sludge

The papermaking sludge is made of paper pulp, and the remaining particles are discarded and dehydrated. Since the paper sludge is unfruitful fiber processed with wood, it must be completely used and used.

It is known that ripened pulp sludge contains a large amount of nitrogen component, thereby increasing initial growth after germination of grass seeds and the like. The papermaking sludge used in the present invention is also used completely because it compromises seed germination and growth rate due to gas generation or the like when mixed with other components of the impregnated paper sludge.

Paper sludge used contains a large amount of organic matter and is characterized by fiber. The fiber is excellent in water holding because it forms a stable soil by promoting soil cohesion. In particular, paper sludge is excellent in moisture resistance, brittleness and air permeability, and has an effect of preventing sliding phenomenon that may occur after application due to increased adhesive strength. There is also a side effect of reducing waste pollution by reusing paper sludge, an industrial waste.

The content of the paper sludge used in the green soil composition of the present invention is 15 to 40% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight, more preferably 20 to 30% by weight. When the content is less than 15% by weight, the moisture resistance, bending strength, air permeability and adhesive strength are reduced. When the content is more than 30% by weight, the above-mentioned effect is saturated to cause problems such as drought damage and air permeability, Which may cause problems in germination and growth of plant seeds.

(C) Sawdust

The sawdust can serve as a moisture control agent and a swelling agent. Sawdust is also characterized in that it has a large particle size, is easy to handle, and has a good adsorption ability for odor. The sawdust can be used in fermentation / composting. The sawdust has the effect of improving the ability to withstand the atmospheric conditions and improving the long-term growth condition through moisture.

The content of sawdust used in the green soil composition of the present invention is 10 to 15% by weight, preferably 10 to 12% by weight. If the content is less than 10% by weight, the composition may be deteriorated due to the moisturizing effect and deteriorate the long-term growth. If the content is more than 15% by weight, the composition may interfere with the composition of the green soil composition, .

(D) Coffee shop

The coffee waste refers to residue which remains after drinking coffee. Coffee beans are relatively nitrogen-rich, providing one of the safest alternatives to nitrogen-rich fertilization by supplying the energy needed for bacteria to convert organic matter to compost. The above coffee grounds are mainly composed of nitrogen, sodium and phosphorus and contain protein, carbohydrate, ash, calcium, phosphorus and iron, pH is close to neutrality, favorable C / N ratio, It is very likely to be used. The coffee grounds have an effect of increasing the moisture retention as well as the supply of organic matter, thereby helping the plant to grow for a long term.

The content of the coffee beans used in the green soil composition of the present invention is 5 to 15% by weight, preferably 5 to 12% by weight. If the content is less than 5% by weight, the effect of the coffee bean as an organic matter is not exhibited. If the content is more than 15% by weight, the initial germination of the plant may be inhibited or the binding force of the green soil may be hindered.

(E) Granite weathered soil (Masato)

The granite weathered soil is also called a marathon and is a natural soil with a reddish-colored single-phase structure collected from the ground. It refers to the weathering residue of a granitic rock. Generally, the soil produced by the weathering of various rocks is called masato. The granular weathered soil is thick and has few contaminants, germs and germs and is low in pollution degree. It is easy to germinate at seeding and becomes a germination-based layer when germinating seeds, and plays a role of increasing the adsorption power of the soil of the ground. It has low bibbing and water holding capacity, low self-nutrients but good ventilation and drainage. A good vegetation-based material can be produced by mixing with peat, chalk and pulp. The grain size of the granular weathered soil may be 2 탆 to 4 mm.

The content of the granular weathering soil used in the green soil composition of the present invention is 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 32 to 45% by weight, more preferably 40 to 50% by weight. When the weight of the mixture is less than 30% by weight, the weight of the mixed soil becomes low, and it is easily scattered or eroded, and the foundation for sticking of the root is weakened and the plant is easily damaged. On the contrary, when the weight exceeds 50% by weight, If it does not, it will be easily removed and the organic material or moisturizing material may be reduced.

(F) Soil stabilizer (Soil stabilizer)

The soil stabilizer containing the wood-derived staple fiber is a material that can be used as a main material to make a mixture of short fibers extracted from natural fibers and lime, and contributes to environmental protection and human-friendly environment formation. It increases the shear strength of the soil, It improves bearing capacity and durability, and simultaneously prevents flooding and frost damage, and acts to resist scattering and erosion.

The content of the soil stabilizer used in the green soil composition of the present invention is 2 to 10% by weight, preferably 2 to 8% by weight. If it is less than 2% by weight, the resistance to erosion is not maintained due to insufficient bonding force. If it is more than 10% by weight, the rigidity is excessive, which may hinder the growth of the root of the plant and deteriorate the workability.

The green soil composition of the present invention may further comprise 3 to 5% by weight of a soft material.

It is possible to increase the content of granular weathered soil by adding a wood-derived short-fiber soil stabilizer in the green soil composition and to reduce the content of sewage sludge and paper sludge by using a coffee ground. Thus, even when the thickness of the green soil is increased by increasing the adhesive force between the green soil particles rather than the existing green soil composition, the supporting force due to the rooting of the plant root is strengthened to be equal to or more than that of the existing plant, And it is confirmed that organic matter can be supplied for a long time and the evaporation of water can be suppressed as much as possible.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a greening method using the green soil composition.

By using the above-mentioned green soil composition, it is possible to increase the content of the granular weathered soil to strengthen the supporting force according to the planting of the plant roots, thereby securing the soil roots suitable for growing the roots of the plants, thereby promoting plant growth.

[Test Example]

Test Example  One: Green soil  Measurement of physicochemical properties of composition

Physico - chemical experiments were carried out to analyze the environmental characteristics of the green soil composition provided as soil for vegetation.

The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the present invention was the same as that of the control composition (Comparative Example 1), the wet coffee beans taken out from the coffee shop (Comparative Example 2), the coffee beans naturally dried for one month (Comparative Example 3) (Comparative Example 4), 10 wt% of sewage sludge; 35% by weight of paper sludge; Sawdust 10 wt%; 36 wt% of granular weathering soil; 4% by weight of wood-derived short-fiber soil stabilizer; And 5% by weight of coffee bean (Example 1), 10% by weight of sewage sludge; 30% by weight of paper sludge; Sawdust 10 wt%; 36 wt% of granular weathering soil; 4% by weight of wood-derived short-fiber soil stabilizer; And 10% by weight of coffee grounds (Example 2), 5% by weight of sewage sludge; 30% by weight of paper sludge; Sawdust 10 wt%; 36 wt% of granular weathering soil; 4% by weight of wood-derived short-fiber soil stabilizer; And 15% by weight of coffee bean (Example 3). The physical and chemical properties of the green soil composition prepared as described above were tested and are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 pH
(Soil acidity) 7.69 6.19 5.53 5.16 6.19 5.53 5.16 EC
(Electrical conductivity) 16.06 6.85 14.82 3.33 6.85 14.82 3.33 CEC
(Base replacement capacity) 12.81 11.33 29.64 12.74 11.33 29.64 12.74 TN
(Total nitrogen amount) 0.34 0.59 0.54 0.3 0.59 0.54 0.3 P ₂ O ₅
(Effective phosphoric acid) 184.4 331.3 321.2 109.54 331.3 321.2 109.54 NO ₃ -N
(Nitrate nitrogen) 18.1 16.5 27.79 27.2 16.5 27.79 27.2 Ex.K
(Potassium) 2.16 9.39 12.91 3.51 9.39 12.91 3.51 OM
(Organic matter content) 10.27 33.59 73.19 16.99 33.59 73.19 16.99

* Soil acidity: The acidity due to the hydrogen ions dissociated into the soil solution was measured by mixing the sample and distilled water at a ratio of 1: 5.

* Specific electrical conductance: If there is dissociated ion in water, it can be used to determine the concentration of salt dissolved to the degree of electric conduction by using the principle of electricity. Like the acidity, the sample and distilled water are mixed at a ratio of 1: 5 .

* Cation exchange capacity (cation exchange capacity): CECs were measured by measuring the amount of cations exchanged with ammonium ions (NH ₄ ⁺ ) after saturating cations such as Na, Ca, K and Mg in the soil .

* TN (Total Nitrogen) and NO ₃ -N (Nitrate Nitrogen) Test: As a test method for determining the nitrogen concentration of a sample, the ion selective electrode method is capable of measuring the concentration by selectively binding specific ions, Ion-selective Electrodes (ISE). Nitrogen is an element that can be absorbed by plants and has a close relationship with plant growth.

* Organics produce carbon dioxide and water by combustion, and the inorganic substances in the biological sample remain as oxides or stable inorganic compounds. This is ash, and the method of providing the inorganic components in the ash as separate ash in the mixed sample is called ashing incineration, and the content of organic matter is measured by this method.

Test Example  2: Green soil  Long-term flooding test using composition

To evaluate the durability and deterioration performance of the mixed base composed of the existing green soil and the soil stabilizer, a long - term flooding test was conducted to evaluate the surface condition, material separation and softening state through visual inspection.

As shown in FIG. 1, the existing green soil composition tends to decay in an instant although it remained in shape for up to 30 hours. However, when the soil stabilizer was mixed, Day, when it exceeded 2% by weight, it showed no change even for 130 days. Therefore, even if only a small amount of the reaction was performed, the resistance against flooding was very strong.

Test Example  3: Green soil  Water resistance test using composition

In the present invention, in order to evaluate the structural stability of the vegetation-based material according to the mixing ratio of the soil stabilizer, an artificial rainfall test was conducted and water resistance test was performed on the green soil composition to verify the effect of the soil stabilizer on the loss reduction. The soil erosion resistance effect was confirmed by soil stabilizer mixing ratio.

As a result of the test, as shown in FIG. 2, the mixing ratio may vary depending on the situation at the site, but it is considered that resistance to erosion can be anticipated because the loss of surface layer is drastically reduced at a soil stabilizer (SS) of 4 wt% or more .

Test Example  4: Green soil  Indoor greening using composition

In order to confirm the vegetation behavior on the blending ratio of the green soil composition tested through the above test example, artificial greening was applied to the room.

In the test method, a green soil composition was formed in the same size of a pile under indoor conditions, and seeds of tofu skew, perennial ryegrass, and creeping red fescue were spread on the green soil composition in the same amount, and then germination and vegetation state Is the method of dividing the specimen into 8 × 10 small squares, measuring the covering ratio of each grid, and expressing it as a percentage of the total number of grids.

In order to test the possibility of inhibiting the dietary behavior of soil stabilizers to resist scattering and erosion, mid - and long - term vegetation monitoring was performed under indoor conditions. Experimental group 1 (L1) (10% by weight) and soil stabilizer (4% by weight) were mixed in the experimental group 3 (L3) Were mixed.

Configuration of experiment group
Characteristic Experimental group 1 (L1) Experimental group 2 (L2) Experimental group 3 (L3) Coverage (%) after 30 days 81 68 92 Growth status (stem, cm) 25 to 30 10-20 20 to 33 Growth status (root, mm) 30 to 60 15-25 50 to 65

As a result of comparing the control group 1 and the coffee group 3, the initial germination number and initial growth of the experimental group 3 were smaller than those of the experimental group 1, but after 30 days, the growth rate was almost similar, %, Indicating that the coffee beans exhibit continuous organic matter supply and moisturizing effect of moisture (FIG. 3).

In addition, the experimental group 1 showed some degree of enthusiasm but the test was proceeded very rapidly after stopping the irrigation. In Experiment group 3, however, Respectively. Mixed with granite weathered soil and coffee bean without green soil In the experimental group 2, the growth rate of roots was slower than that of the other groups.

Therefore, the initial green germination is slow and the germination rate is low, but the coverage rate is increased as the growth period is increased, and the growth of the root part is expanded more than anything. It has been confirmed that it plays a role enough to promote plant growth in the long term.

Test Example  5: Green soil  Outdoor Recording Using Composition

Artificial greening was performed outdoors to confirm the vegetation behavior on the blending ratio of the green soil composition tested through the above test examples. The outdoor test was applied to the experimental group 1 (F1) in the same manner as the indoor test. The experimental group 2 (F2) was composed of granulated weathering soil (86 wt%), coffee ground (10 wt%) and soil stabilizer (4 wt% ), And experimental group 3 (F3) was mixed with existing green tea, coffee bean (10% by weight) and soil stabilizer (4% by weight).

After 3 days of germination, germination was started and F1 group showed comparative advantage. After 10 days, growth of experimental groups 2 and 3 was promoted. Growth of experimental group 3 (F3) was accelerated after 30 days, (See Fig. 2).

Therefore, the growth condition of the mixture of green tea leaves was similar to that of the control group after 100 days due to the increase of moisture content and organic matter content in the medium and long term. As described above, it has been confirmed that coffee beans are environmentally friendly and can be used as a base material for a green soil composition which can lead to zero waste generation.

3 and 4 are photographs showing the vegetation state of the experimental group according to the elapsed days after the indoor and outdoor application. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, when the green soil composition according to the present invention was applied, vegetation such as germination rate, long-term growth rate, survival rate, and aesthetic appearance of grass seeds was excellent, Even if the thickness of the green soil is increased by increasing the adhesion force between the soil particles, it is possible to secure the space in which the roots expand as the plants grow, Can be used effectively as a base material of green soil composition which can lead to green and zero waste, because the growth of medium and long term is excellent due to the increase of moisture content and organic matter content in the medium to long term. .

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that such specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments and that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto will be. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

(A) 3 to 15% by weight of sewage sludge;
(B) 15 to 40% by weight of paper sludge;
(C) 10 to 15% by weight of sawdust;
(D) 5 to 15% by weight of a coffee bean;
(E) 35 to 50% by weight of granular weathering soil; And
(F) 2 to 10% by weight of a soil stabilizer.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the soil stabilizer is a tree-derived staple fiber.
A greening method characterized by using the greening soil composition of claim 1.

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