KR20160103360A - Manufacturing method of molding for cutting tool using nano composite powder - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of molding for cutting tool using nano composite powder Download PDFInfo
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- KR20160103360A KR20160103360A KR1020150025755A KR20150025755A KR20160103360A KR 20160103360 A KR20160103360 A KR 20160103360A KR 1020150025755 A KR1020150025755 A KR 1020150025755A KR 20150025755 A KR20150025755 A KR 20150025755A KR 20160103360 A KR20160103360 A KR 20160103360A
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- sintering
- coating
- cutting tool
- pulverizing
- carbide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
- B22F2003/242—Coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
Abstract
Description
More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a shaped article using a nanocomposite powder, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a shaped article using a nanocomposite powder, And a method of manufacturing a shaped article for a cutting tool using the nanocomposite powder, which exhibits excellent mechanical properties.
Nanocomposite powder refers to a composite material of nanometer size that is obtained by mixing ceramics particles having excellent hardness and high temperature stability and a metal binder having excellent toughness and then sintering. The nanocomposite powder is generally called a cermet (Ceramic + Metal) Can be used.
The above cutting tool is a subsidiary material used for attaching to a cutting machine tool for cutting metal or nonmetal in direct contact with the cutting tool. The cutting tool is manufactured using the above-described nanocomposite powder. , Nanocomposite powder is synthesized, compounded and sintered, and it can be used for cemented carbide tools among cutting tools classified according to raw materials. Ceramics applicable to nanocomposite powders are carbides, oxides, nitrides and borides, and are used as cutting tool materials due to their excellent hardness and toughness.
Meanwhile, the nanocomposite powder synthesis technique is divided into the solid phase synthesis method, the liquid phase synthesis method and the gas phase synthesis method according to the initial raw material phase. The solid phase synthesis method is a method of producing powder (powder) by pulverization and polishing of the solid material, have. The solid phase synthesis method is widely used industrially because it can be mass produced. However, it has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to manufacture a high purity powder with a large amount of impurities mixed with the mechanical process, and it is impossible to produce a very fine powder of 0.5um or less.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a shaped body for a cutting tool using a nanocomposite powder which suppresses coarsening of nanocomposite powder constituting a molded body in a compression molding step or a sintering step and a coating layer is formed on a surface thereof, .
An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a metal powder, which comprises a raw material mixing step for mixing a metal powder mixture, a crushing step for crushing the mixture mixed to the nano size through the raw material mixing step, a compression molding step for compressing the crushed mixture through the crushing step A sintering step of sintering the molded body through a compression molding step, and a coating step of coating the surface of the sintered body through the sintering step, wherein the method comprises the steps of: Lt; / RTI >
According to a preferred feature of the present invention, the raw material mixing step is a step of mixing iron with at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium carbide, molybdenum carbide, tungsten carbide, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tantalum, .
According to a further preferred feature of the present invention, the crushing step is performed using one selected from the group consisting of a shaker mill, a planetary ball mill, and a crushing mill.
According to a further preferred feature of the present invention, the sintering step comprises one sintering method selected from the group consisting of hot pressing sintering, discharge plasma sintering and hot isostatic sintering.
According to still further preferred features of the present invention, the coating step is performed by coating the surface of the sintered compact through the sintering step with nitrogen ions.
The method for producing a shaped body for a cutting tool using the nanocomposite powder according to the present invention is characterized in that the coarsening of the nanocomposite powder constituting the molded body is suppressed in the compression molding step or the sintering step and the coating layer is formed on the surface, The present invention provides an excellent effect of providing a molded article for a cutting tool using the nanocomposite powder.
1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a shaped article using a nanocomposite powder according to the present invention.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention and physical properties of the respective components will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, And this does not mean that the technical idea and scope of the present invention are limited.
A method of manufacturing a shaped article using a nanocomposite powder according to the present invention includes a raw material mixing step (S101) for mixing a metal powder mixture, a crushing step (S101) for crushing the mixed mixture into a nano size (S103), a compression molding step (S105) of compression-molding the pulverized mixture through the pulverization step (S103), a sintering step (S107) of sintering the shaped material molded through the compression molding step (S105) And a coating step S109 for coating the surface of the sintered product through step S107.
The raw material mixing step (S101) is a step of mixing the metal powder mixture and is a step of mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium carbide, molybdenum carbide, tungsten carbide, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tantalum, .
More specifically, 36 to 54 parts by weight of a metal consisting of at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium carbide, molybdenum carbide, tungsten carbide, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tantalum nitride and niobium carbide is mixed with 100 parts by weight of iron Wherein 4 to 6 parts by weight of titanium nitride, 4 to 6 parts by weight of titanium carbide, 4 to 6 parts by weight of molybdenum carbide, 4 to 6 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, 4 to 6 parts by weight of cobalt, 4 to 6 parts by weight of nickel, 4 to 6 parts by weight of chromium, 4 to 6 parts by weight of tantalum carbide and 4 to 6 parts by weight of niobium carbide.
The titanium nitride suppresses the coarsening of the nanocomposite powder particles and improves the abrasion resistance. The titanium carbide improves the hardness and the fusion resistance and improves the processed surface. The molybdenum carbide and the tungsten carbide improve the sintering property , The cobalt, nickel and chromium improve toughness, and the tantalum carbide and niobium carbide serve to improve high temperature hardness and thermal shock resistance.
The pulverizing step (S103) is a step of pulverizing the mixed material through the raw material mixing step (S101) into a nano size, and the mixed material is mixed with the shaker mill, the planetary ball mill and the abrasive grinder And then crushing it into nanosize using one selected from the group consisting of
The shaker mill was first developed by SPEX Certiprep group and is also called SPEX mill. The shaker mill can be mixed with 10 ~ 20g of powder at a time, and the metal powder and the steel ball for grinding are charged into the container, and then the powder is mixed by the horizontal movement of several thousands of times per minute, It is characterized by high energy alloying at a speed of 5m / s under the amplitude of about 5cm and the speed of 1200rpm. In particular, recently, equipment capable of mixing into two containers has been developed and additional cooling devices can be utilized. The material of the shaker mill is steel, stainless steel, alumina, tungsten carbide, zirconia, silicon nitride and plastic.
The planetary ball mill was developed by Fritsch GmbH and was first sold in the United States and Canada through Gilson Co. Since the rotating direction of the container itself is opposite to the rotating direction of the equipment, the powder and steel balls in the container are mixed and crushed by centrifugal force in the opposite direction to the rotating direction of the equipment. In the early development model, the speed of the equipment and vessel was not independently controlled, but in recent years, it has been improved to an independent controllable system, enabling efficient control of mechanical alloying process parameters.
The above-mentioned attritor mill is a device capable of crushing a powder having a large capacity in a range of 0.5 to 40 kg at a time. Since the speed of the abrasive medium is as low as 0.5 m / s or less, it belongs to the mechanical alloying category which has lower energy than the shaker or planetary ball mill. Materials such as stainless steel, silicon carbide, zirconia, rubber and polyurethane coated with stainless steel or alumina can be used as the material of the container. The polishing material is glass, flint stone, steatite ceramic, mullite, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, sialon , alumina, zirconium silicate, zirconia, stainless steel, carbon steel, chrome steel and tungsten carbide.
Attritor mill is able to handle up to 100 times of powder that can be handled on a one-time process basis compared to shaker mill and planetary ball mill. Therefore, it is not only suitable for mass production, but also has advantages such as powder refinement and shortening of process time. Method.
The compression molding step (S105) is of the step of compression-molding the milled mixture from the milling step (S103), In the pulverized mixture through the milling step (S103) in the compression molding machine of 100 to 500kg / cm 2 The molded article obtained by compression molding at such a pressure exhibits excellent dimensional stability.
The sintering step (S107) is a step of sintering the formed product through the compression molding step (S105). The molded product formed through the compression molding step (S105) is subjected to hot pressing sintering, discharge plasma sintering and hot isostatic pressing Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > sintering < / RTI >
In the hot pressing sintering (HP) process, the pressure range of the HP equipment is 10 to 200 MPa. The cross-sectional area of the specimen is calculated, and the required total pressure is calculated to set the appropriate range. The furnace is usually a resistance furnace or an induction furnace, and the heating method is determined by the sintering temperature range. The heating method is determined by the sintering temperature range of 1200 ° C or less, the SiC or Super kantal heating element up to 1600 ° C, A metal heating element or a graphite heating element is used. HP is densified by charging the powder into a cylindrical mold. When the height L is larger than the diameter D of the mold, it is difficult to make the densification due to the friction loss between the powder and the side wall of the mold. Generally, the value of L / D should be less than 1. This is because when the value of L / D is in the range of 1 to 3, the movement of the ram and the pressure transmission may cause problems, and when the value of L / D is 3 or more, it is difficult to progress the process.
Spark plasma sintering (hereinafter referred to as SPS) is referred to as various names such as field assisted sintering (EFAS), field assisted sintering technology (FAST), and plasma assisted sintering (PAS). The SPS principle is that the pulsed DC power source is flowed directly into the firing structure and sintered by pulse resistance heating and plasma.
This sintering method has an advantage that sintering is possible in a wide temperature and pressure range by controlling the temperature or the current. Pulse resistance between powder particles It is possible to maintain the starting structure as it is without partial grain growth by partial plasma generated by heating, so that sintering time can be shortened and high density is possible.
Since the SPS die must be heated and pressurized by flowing electric current to the powder, graphite material with good conductivity and high temperature strength is used. Various process parameters such as process time and temperature are adjusted according to the setting period and input value. The SPS process is divided into a vacuum stage, an extrusion stage, a heating stage, and a cooling stage. The SPS process is performed in vacuum for gas removal and densification of the composite material, and the heating consists of a plasma discharge formed by an externally applied DC pulse. The surface oxide is removed by the plasma to activate the surface, and the activated surface promotes sintering. In addition, heat and mass transfer is actively carried out on the surfaces of the purified particles to enable densification sintering.
The Sinter plus Hot Isostatic Pressing (Sinter plus HIP) process was first developed by the Battelle Institute. It started with the development of technology for diffusion bonding of nuclear fuel components and is also called Gas Pressure Bonding . The HIP process is a technique of pressurizing the pressurized medium under a high temperature / high pressure (1000 ° C or more, 100 MPa or more) in a backward direction by using Ar or nitrogen gas as a pressure transfer medium. High-speed steel billets, powder metallurgy super-heat-resistant alloys, etc., have been utilized to produce sintered parts without pores.
The nanocomposite powder manufacturing process includes various processes of compacting and sintering, including a powder mixing process. However, after the sintering process, the parts contain a large amount of pores therein. Therefore, the sintered body can improve the quality by bringing the density to about 100% through an additional HIP process.
The coating step (S109) is a step of coating the surface of the sintered product through the sintering step (S107), and the surface of the sintered product sintered through the sintering step (S107) is coated with nitrogen ions.
At this time, when nitrogen ions are coated in the coating step (S109), a nitrogen diffusion layer is formed on the surface of the molded product to form a cured layer. When the cured layer is formed as described above, the heat resistance and hardness of the molded product are further improved.
Therefore, the method of manufacturing a shaped article for cutting tool using the nanocomposite powder according to the present invention suppresses the coarsening of the nanocomposite powder constituting the molded body in the compression molding step or the sintering step, and the coating layer is formed on the surface, The present invention also provides a molded article for a cutting tool using the nanocomposite powder.
S101; Raw material mixing step
S103; Crushing step
S105; Compression molding step
S107; Sintering step
S109; Coating step
Claims (5)
A pulverizing step of pulverizing the mixed mixture into nano-sized particles through the raw material mixing step;
A compression molding step of compressing the pulverized mixture through the pulverizing step;
A sintering step of sintering the molded product through the compression molding step; And
And a coating step of coating the surface of the sintered compact through the sintering step. The method for manufacturing a shaped article for a cutting tool using the nanocomposite powder according to claim 1,
Wherein the raw material mixing step comprises mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium carbide, molybdenum carbide, tungsten carbide, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tantalum nitride and niobium carbide in iron. A method for manufacturing a molded article for a cutting tool.
Wherein the pulverizing step is performed using one selected from the group consisting of a shaker mill, a planetary ball mill, and a milling mill.
Wherein the sintering step comprises one selected from the group consisting of hot pressing sintering, discharge plasma sintering, and hot isostatic sintering.
Wherein the coating step comprises coating the surface of the sintered compact through the sintering step with nitrogen ions. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 15. < / RTI >
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100626224B1 (en) | 2004-02-14 | 2006-09-20 | 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 | solid-solution powder, method to prepare the same, powder for cermet including said solid-solution powder, method to prepare the same and cermet using said powder for cermet |
| KR100755882B1 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2007-09-05 | 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 | New Ti-based solid-solution cutting tool materials |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100626224B1 (en) | 2004-02-14 | 2006-09-20 | 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 | solid-solution powder, method to prepare the same, powder for cermet including said solid-solution powder, method to prepare the same and cermet using said powder for cermet |
| KR100755882B1 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2007-09-05 | 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 | New Ti-based solid-solution cutting tool materials |
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