KR20150032500A

KR20150032500A - Bio solid fuel comprising coffee grounds and method for preparing the same

Info

Publication number: KR20150032500A
Application number: KR20140123775A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 정병현; 허진; 정진우
Original assignee: 건국대학교 산학협력단; 허진
Priority date: 2013-09-17
Filing date: 2014-09-17
Publication date: 2015-03-26
Also published as: KR101589234B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bio-solid fuel comprising a coffee bean and a method for producing the same. The bio-solid fuel according to the present invention utilizes resources classified as industrial wastes as bio-fuels, and these bio-fuels exhibit a higher calorific value than conventional fuels. Moreover, the coffee beans of the present invention exhibit the effect of eliminating odors of industrial wastes, thereby facilitating the treatment of biofuels. Thus, the present invention enables alternative fuel exploitation and utilization of environmental pollutants.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a bio-solid fuel including a coffee bean,

The present invention relates to a bio-solid fuel comprising a coffee bean and a method for producing the same.

Petroleum is the most used energy source because it is easy to develop and handle. However, the rapid increase in consumption due to the rapid economic growth of developing countries such as China, rising oil prices, depletion of petroleum resources and greenhouse gases and air pollutants And environmental pollutants such as automobile exhaust gas are increasing the interest in new alternative fuels that can replace existing fossil fuels. Globally, the transport sector is currently dependent on more than 96% of fossil fuels, accounting for 27% of the world's total greenhouse gas emissions. In order to cope with the worst global climate change, it is necessary to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by at least 50%

Korea is obliged to use renewable energy in thermal power plants, and now it is about 2.5 ~ 3%, but it aims to use 10% by 2020 by increasing it by 0.5% every year.

In terms of greenhouse gas reduction, the transport sector is introducing biofuels. Bio-fuels are mainly produced and distributed mainly in Europe, the United States and Brazil. In recent years, Asian countries that have been relatively underdeveloped have started to produce and distribute bio-fuels based on their own raw materials have. Until recently, biofuels accounted for roughly 1.8% of the world's fuel consumption for transportation, with approximately 80% of ethanol and 20% of biodiesel production worldwide. Biofuels produced from biomass can be directly applied to transportation that can not be applied to other renewable energy, which has the advantage of high direct substitution effect of petroleum energy.

Biodiesel, bioethanol, and biogas are now commercially available and used on biofuels that can replace petroleum. Therefore, the international community is increasing the use of biofuels by introducing the regulatory policy of biofuels as a means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Coffee is a byproduct produced after roasting raw coffee beans, grinding coffee beans, extracting coffee beans by hot water, and classifying them as industrial wastes. However, it is an energy resource having a calorific value equal to that of coal because of its high calorific value.

In spite of these important resources, we have not been able to recognize the utilization value as energy resources and find no way to increase the energy yield. Although some attempts have been made to use pellets as fuel, they have not been put to practical use due to economical problems and some have been used as supplementary materials (about 20%) for compost production. However, Because it is not permanently corroded, its value as a compost is low. In addition, since caffeine remaining in coffee grounds destroys all earthworms including earthworms and inhibits the growth of soil microorganisms, it destroys the soil. Therefore, the use of the caffeine as a landfill or compost is more likely to cause environmental pollution do.

As a result of intensive efforts to efficiently utilize such coffee beans and increase the efficiency of use of new and renewable energy, the inventors of the present invention have found that coffee beans are highly valuable as biofuels, exhibit deodorizing effects in mixing with wastes, The present inventors have completed the present invention by confirming that various wastes can be efficiently converted into fuel by a deodorizing effect by mixing a lot of wastes and coffee beans.

Application number: 1020110021283

One aspect of the present invention is to provide a bio-solid fuel comprising a coffee bean.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a bio-solid fuel comprising a coffee bean.

One aspect of the present invention relates to a coffee bean; And slaughterhouses (sows, pigs slaughter), slaughterhouses (slaughterhouses, slaughterhouses), sludge sludge (sludge), abrasives (other waste from slaughterhouses or slaughterhouses), waste fish and shellfish, animal carcasses, animal feces, And at least one waste selected from the group consisting of:

In the present invention, the coffee bean is a by-product produced after roasting and pulverizing the green bean during the production of coffee and extracting the coffee bean with hot water, which is classified as industrial waste. The calorific value of the coffee bean may be between 4,000 kcal / kg and 8,000 kcal / kg, preferably between 6,000 and 6500 Kcal / kg.

When slaughtering cattle, pigs, chickens, ducks, etc., the sludge from slaughterhouses (slaughtering cattle, pigs, etc.) or poultry sludge (slaughtering chickens and ducks) Tissue, muscle tissue, etc., which is filtered by a screen in the process of treating the wastewater, or is a kind of wastes deposited in wastewater treatment. This sludge mainly contains animal fat and animal protein components and generates a bad odor. The calorific value of the slaughterhouse / sowing field sludge is 4000 kcal / kg to 8,000 kcal / kg.

Sludge from slaughterhouses or slaughterhouses is a mixture of small amounts of fatty tissue, blood and muscle tissues mixed with various debris such as fodder, feces and fur from intestines when slaughtering livestock. It has a low calorific value and a low odor level.

Slaughterhouse or slaughterhouse sludge is a bad smell and it is difficult to handle and disposal. So it is buried with compost and buried in a compost. After a certain period of time, it is mixed with compost and processed according to microorganisms. However, complaints due to odor and treatment period are long The cost was high.

When the coffee bean is mixed with the slaughterhouse or slaughterhouse, the coffee bean has the effect of eliminating the odor of the slaughterhouse / slaughterhouse sludge, which makes it easy to treat with biofuels.

These coffee beans and slaughterhouse / poultry sludge can be mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 9.5 to 1, preferably 1: 1 to 4, most preferably 1: 1.

In addition, the feces of the animal may be, but is not limited to, fowl, poultry or poultry.

In addition, the discarded starch may be selected from cereal waste; Disposable products or product raw materials based on grain; Animal feed discarded; Grain residue left after the extraction of cooking oil (Park); Or contaminated wheat or flour before and after milling, but is not limited thereto.

In the present invention, the bio-solid fuel may further include microorganisms. The microorganisms are used for decomposing or fermenting slaughterhouses, poultry sludge, animal feces, food waste, and discarded starch to increase energy efficiency or remove odors. Microorganisms exhibiting such activities are not limited in their kind. The microorganism may be Gram-positive bacteria or Gram-negative bacteria.

The bio-solid fuel according to the present invention may be of a differentiated type, pellet type, or block type, but is not limited thereto.

The bio-solid fuel may further comprise high fiber content wastes, wherein the fibrous high-content wastes are selected from the group consisting of sawdust, wood chips, rice hulls, rice straw, cornstalks, corn husks, And so on. The above-mentioned grains may be used as corn, rice, bran, soybean meal, peanut oil, cotton seed oil, linseed oil, sunflower oil, japonica, colza seed oil, palm oil, Vegetable oilseed, chestnut, starch, sugar, brewed, wine, and the like. The fibrous high-content waste may be undifferentiated, and in particular, the rice husk may be undifferentiated rice husk.

The coffee grounds, slaughterhouse sludge or poultry sludge, and fibrous high-content waste can be mixed in a weight ratio of 2: 5: 2 to 5: 3 to 9 and in a weight ratio of 1: 1: 1 to 9 And most preferably in a ratio of 3: 3: 4.

The bio-solid fuel according to the present invention utilizes resources classified as industrial wastes as bio-fuels, and these bio-fuels exhibit a higher calorific value than conventional fuels. Moreover, the coffee beans of the present invention exhibit the effect of eliminating odors of industrial wastes, thereby facilitating the treatment of biofuels. Thus, the present invention enables alternative fuel exploitation and utilization of environmental pollutants.

Still another aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing the bio-solid fuel.

Specifically, a coffee pouffe is firstly mixed with at least one waste selected from the group consisting of slaughterhouse sludge, poultry sludge, slaughterhouse impurities, sludge contamination, waste fish and shellfish, animal carcasses, animal feces and food waste, ;

In order to lower the water content in the secondary, it is possible to control the proper moisture content by mixing well-dried wood waste, sawdust, waste wood, rice husk, and rice straw. Thus, the present invention provides a method for producing bio-solid fuel, comprising the step of making pellets according to the control of the water content or directly using them as boiler fuel.

In the mixing step, microorganisms may be further mixed.

In addition, the manufacturing method may further include a step of drying the mixture.

The coffee bean and the waste can be used as fuel for the boiler immediately after mixing or drying. In order to provide the most efficient deodorization and efficient fuel, it is most preferable to mix the coffee bean and the waste at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 4.

Such mixed bio-solid fuels can be used as fuel for steam production or electricity for industrial use because of the high heat yield using a fluidized bed boiler.

In particular, lignin (lignin) is an aromatic polymer compound present in a cotton plant of wood, bamboo, straw, chaff, sawdust and the like in a cotton plant of 20 to 30%. In plants, the plant fills the gap between solid cellulose structures, It is a pretext (concrete role between reinforcing bars) which, when accumulated, stops cell division and becomes a hard tissue.

Waste timber by timber renewal, waste wood such as waste wood from the construction site, waste wood such as waste wood, bamboo, sawdust, etc. contain a lot of lignin, so the rice straw or rice hull, The pellet or block can be molded with a molding machine by adjusting the water content to 10 ~ 15% by mixing with slaughterhouse and sowing sludge or wastes, which have high moisture content. Fusion produces 150 degrees Celsius heat during the molding process, so the lignin component in the woody matter itself bonds.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1: Confirmation of blending of coffee bean and food waste and odor removal rate thereof

The sensory evaluation was carried out to determine the mixing ratio of coffee bean and food waste and odor removal rate. Specifically, a dry coffee bean and a food waste having a moisture content of about 90% were mixed at various ratios to produce a bio-solid fuel. The sensory test was carried out on 10 persons who were ignorant about the experiment. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Dry coffee night (g) Water content 90% Solid food waste (g) Sensory score (average) 500 500 3.2 400 600 3.8 300 700 3.3 200 800 5.6 100 900 7.3 0 1,000 9.2

(The numbers indicate the intensity of the odor, selected from 0 to 10.)

As shown in the table above, coffee beans significantly reduce the odor of food wastes and exhibit remarkable odor removal and reduction effects, especially when mixed with dry coffee beans at 20% based on total mass, and have a 1: 1 mass ratio Ratio showed the highest odor removal effect.

Example 2: Confirmation of Mixing of Coffee Bean and Slaughterhouse Sludge and Odor Removal Rate

The sensory evaluation was carried out to determine the mixing ratio of coffee bean and slaughterhouse sludge and odor removal rate. Specifically, dry coffee beans and soda ash sludge having a water content of about 70% were mixed at various ratios to produce bio-solid fuel. The sensory test was carried out on 10 persons who were ignorant about the experiment. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

Dry coffee night (g) Water content 70% Slaughterhouse sludge (g) Sensory score (average) 500 500 2.4 400 600 3.5 300 700 3.6 200 800 5.5 100 900 7.6 0 1,000 9.7

(The numbers indicate the intensity of the odor, selected from 0 to 10)

As shown in the above table, the dried coffee pellets remarkably reduce the odor of the slaughterhouse sludge, and show remarkable odor elimination and reduction effect from the case where the total dry coffee pellets are mixed at 20% by mass. Also, the best sensory scores were obtained when the coffee bean and slaughterhouse sludge were mixed at a mass ratio of 50:50.

Example 3: Confirmation of Mixing of Coffee Bean and Sewage Sludge and Odor Removal Rate

The sensory evaluation was carried out to determine the mixing ratio of the coffee beans and the pesticide sludge and the odor removal rate.

Specifically, a dry coffee bean and a sludge with a water content of about 70% were mixed at various ratios to produce a bio-solid fuel. The sensory test was carried out on 10 persons who were ignorant about the experiment. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

Dry coffee night (g) Function Wool 70% Sewage sludge (g) Sensory score (average) 500 500 2.1 400 600 2.8 300 700 3.7 200 800 5.6 100 900 7.6 0 1,000 9.6

(The numbers indicate the intensity of the odor, selected from 0 to 10)

As shown in the above table, the dried coffee beans remarkably reduce the odor of the sausage sludge, and remarkably remove odor from the case of mixing the dry coffee beans at 20% based on the total mass. Also, the best sensory scores were obtained when coffee bean paste and sake field sludge were mixed at a mass ratio of 50:50.

Example 4: Confirmation of blending of coffee bean and animal feces and thus odor removal rate

The sensory evaluation was carried out to determine the mixing ratio of coffee bean and feces and the odor removal rate. Specifically, a dry coffee bean and a right side water having a water content of 70% were mixed at various ratios and dried to prepare a solid fuel. The sensory test was carried out on 10 persons who were ignorant about the experiment. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

Dry coffee night (g) Water content 70% Right side (g) Sensory score (average) 500 500 3.2 400 600 3.5 300 700 3.4 200 800 5.7 100 900 7.4 0 1,000 9.8

(The numbers indicate the intensity of the odor, selected from 0 to 10.)

As shown in the above table, the dried coffee beans remarkably reduce the odor of the right side, and remarkably exhibit the odor elimination and reduction effect even when the dry coffee beans are mixed at 20% based on the total mass.

Example 5: Analysis of composition of mixed fuels of coffee bean and soda ash sludge

It was confirmed that the components causing the air pollution occurred when the solid fuel produced by mixing the dry coffee bean and the sludge of the sake field was burned. Specifically, the dry coffee beans and the sludge from the sake field were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1, and solid fuel was prepared and burned. Gas components were analyzed by GC (Gas Chromatography).

As a result, it was confirmed that gas pollutants causing air pollution were not generated.

Example 6: Determination of calorific value of mixed fuels of coffee bean, slaughter house, and sake field sludge

The amount of heat generated according to the blending ratio of dry coffee bean, sake field sludge, sake field sludge, fatty tissue and wood chips was evaluated by the Korea Institute of Energy Research.

The results are shown in Table 5 below.

Sample No. (% By mass) Moisture content (%) Low calorie
Kcal / kg Coffee shop Sewage sludge Slaughterhouse
Sludge Fatty tissue Wood chips One 20 80 60 4,490 2 85 15 65 4,430 3 20 80 55 5,930 4 70 30 50 5,520

As can be seen from the above, when the coffee bean was mixed with the slaughterhouse, the sake field sludge, the fat tissue and the wood chips, all of them showed a heat amount exceeding 4,000 Kcal / kg. Especially, The highest amount of heat was obtained.

Example 7: Reduction of water content of solid fuel using coffee beans

Animal residues are high in calorific value, but have a high water content and a high rate of growth of microorganisms, so they are easily decayed and cause a bad odor, making it difficult to use them as a heat source.

In order to solve these shortcomings and to provide a method of using the waste animal waste as an advanced energy source, the optimal composition of the solid fuel using the coffee bean was investigated.

Dried coffee beans are used to remove odors from animal residues with high water content (slaughterhouses / poultry sludge or impurities), and dried wood chips, undifferentiated (flour) rice hulls, sawdust and the like have low water content of animal residues and do not need to be dried separately It has the function of using it as fuel immediately.

Animal residues can not be used as fuel because they have a high odor and a high water content even after a day in summer. In addition, it is impossible to compost by fermentation as well as drying due to the bad smell, and at the same time, the water content is about 70% and it is impossible to burn. So, although we are currently doing marine dumping, this is also not possible in the near future.

Therefore, it is preferable to mix industrially highly hygroscopic industrial materials such as dried coffee beans, wood chips, undifferentiated rice hulls, sawdust and the like with high calorific animal residues (water content of about 70%, 68% to 72% It is best to blend 40% by mass of animal residues (70% water content): 30%, coffee bean (dry): 30%, high fiber content waste (at least one of dried wood chips, undifferentiated rice hulls, sawdust, etc.) Respectively.

That is, since the odor removing effect (see Table 2 and Table 3) by the coffee bean and the effect of decreasing the water content and the wood chip show the effect of lowering the water content, it can be used as fuel in the electricity boiler for power generation immediately after mixing, No additional processing is required. In addition, the above-mentioned ratio is minimized in the occurrence of odor due to storage and storage, and only a simple operation of mixing is required, so that the unit cost as fuel is low, which is very economical.

In order to control the moisture content of animal residues (slaughterhouse / poultry sludge, pigs and cattle waste) by blending ratio to the level of 15%, which is lower than 25% that can be used for power generation boilers, waste wood containing lignin- , Sawdust, wood, rice hull, rice straw, and feces of herbivorous animals are mixed and molded into pellets or blocks, which can be used as power generation combo boilers or steam production fuels using general boilers.

Example 8: Determination of calorific value of bio-solid fuel with lower water content

The calorific value of the bio-solid fuel having a lower water content due to the content of waste fiber was measured, and the results are shown in Table 6 below.

Sample No. Mixing ratio% After mixing Water content 70% Moisture content 7% Moisture content
% Low calorific value
(kg) Slaughter house
Sludge Slaughterhouse
Sludge Dry coffee night dry
Wood chips 5 30% 30% 40% 25% 4,500Kcal 6 30% 30% 40% 25% 4,100Kcal

As shown in the above results, dry wood? , It can be used directly as a direct fuel of power generation boiler.

Claims

Coffee break; And
A biofuel containing at least one waste selected from the group consisting of slaughterhouse sludge, slaughterhouse sludge, slaughterhouse contamination, sludge contamination, waste fish and shellfish, animal carcasses, animal feces and food waste.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the slaughterhouse sludge or poultry sludge comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of blood, viscera, adipose tissue and muscle tissue of a conductor.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the feces of the animal is fowl, poultry or swine.

The bio solid fuel of claim 1, wherein the bio solid fuel further comprises lignin high content waste.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 4, wherein the lignin high-content waste is at least one selected from the group consisting of waste wood, sawdust, wood chips, rice husks, rice straw, cornstalks, and cereal husks.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the coffee beans and slaughterhouse sludge or poultry sludge are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 9.5 to 1.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the coffee beans and slaughterhouse sludge or poultry sludge are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 4.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that the coffee grounds, slaughterhouse sludge or poultry sludge, and high fiber content wastes are mixed in a weight ratio of 2: 5: 2 to 5: 3 to 9.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that the coffee grounds, slaughterhouse sludge or poultry sludge, and fibrous high-content waste are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1: 1 to 9.

The bio solid fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bio solid fuel is a differential type, a pellet type, or a block type.

Coffee break; And
Wherein the method comprises mixing at least one waste selected from the group consisting of slaughterhouse sludge, poultry sludge, waste fish and shellfish, animal carcasses, animal feces and food waste.

The method of claim 11,
Characterized in that, in the mixing step, the fibrous high-content waste is further mixed.

The method according to claim 12, wherein the high fiber content waste is at least one selected from the group consisting of waste wood, rice husks, sawdust, wood chips, and straw having a high lignin content.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising the step of drying or molding the mixture.