KR20140118835A - Method for producing lubricant base oil, and lubricant base oil and lubricanting oil composition - Google Patents

Method for producing lubricant base oil, and lubricant base oil and lubricanting oil composition Download PDF

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KR20140118835A
KR20140118835A KR1020140034680A KR20140034680A KR20140118835A KR 20140118835 A KR20140118835 A KR 20140118835A KR 1020140034680 A KR1020140034680 A KR 1020140034680A KR 20140034680 A KR20140034680 A KR 20140034680A KR 20140118835 A KR20140118835 A KR 20140118835A
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oil
base oil
mass
lubricant base
lubricating
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KR102116218B1 (en
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데페이 쓰지모토
쓰네토시 스가와라
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제이엑스 닛코닛세키에너지주식회사
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02Petroleum fractions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G7/003Distillation of hydrocarbon oils distillation of lubricating oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G71/00Treatment by methods not otherwise provided for of hydrocarbon oils or fatty oils for lubricating purposes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a method for preparing lubricant base oil, in which the lubricant base oil having VG32 and VG46 grades and having an ignition point of 250 °C can be reliably obtained at low costs, and also oxidation degradation of the obtained lubricant base oil can be sufficiently suppressed. The method for preparing the lubricant base oil comprises the steps of: introducing, into a distillation tower, a raw material which includes mineral oil having an ignition point of lower than 250°C, a viscosity index of 120 or more, and kinematic viscosity of 40 mm^2/s or less at a temperature of 40 °C; distillation-removing a light fraction from the raw material to allow lubricant base oil having an ignition point of 250°C or more, a viscosity index of 120 or more, and kinematic viscosity of 50.6 mm^2/s or less at a temperature of 40 °C to remain in the distillation tower; and collecting the lubricant base oil from the distillation tower.

Description

윤활유 기유의 제조 방법, 윤활유 기유 및 윤활유 조성물{METHOD FOR PRODUCING LUBRICANT BASE OIL, AND LUBRICANT BASE OIL AND LUBRICANTING OIL COMPOSITION}Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a lubricating base oil, a lubricating base oil, and a lubricating oil composition,

본 발명은, 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법, 윤활유 기유 및 윤활유 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a process for producing a lubricating base oil, a lubricating base oil and a lubricating oil composition.

종래, 광유계 윤활유의 제조 방법으로서는, 원유를 상압 증류 및/또는 감압 증류하여 수득된 윤활유 유분(留分)을, 용제 탈력, 용제 추출, 수소화 분해, 용제 탈랍, 접촉 탈랍, 수소화 정제, 황산 세정, 백토 처리 등의 정제 처리 중의 1종을 단독으로 또는 2종 이상을 조합하여 정제 처리를 실시하는 방법이 알려져 있다(예를 들면, 특허문헌 1을 참조). Conventionally, as a method for producing a mineral oil-based lubricating oil, a lubricating oil fraction obtained by distilling crude oil at atmospheric distillation and / or reduced pressure distillation is subjected to solvent deaeration, solvent extraction, hydrogenolysis, solvent degasification, contact degasification, hydrogenation purification, , And clay treatment or the like, or a combination of two or more of them is subjected to a purification treatment (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

일본 공개특허공보 제2007-270062호Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-270062

그런데, 윤활유는 가연성이고, 화재발생시의 위험성으로부터는, 인화점이 보다 높은 편이 바람직하다. 일본 국내에서는, 2002년의 소방법 개정에 의해, 그때까지 위험물(제4류 제4 석유류)에 해당되었던 윤활유 중, 인화점이 250℃ 이상인 윤활유는 위험물에서 제외되게 되었다. 이로 인해, 화재 발생의 위험성이 높은 장소에서는, 관리가 간편한 점에서, 일본 국내에서 소방법상의 위험물에 해당하지 않는 인화점이 250℃ 이상인 윤활유를 사용하게 되었다. 또한, 윤활유의 인화점을 250℃ 이상으로 함으로써 보다 안전하게 윤활유를 취급할 수 있다.However, it is preferable that the lubricating oil is flammable and that the flash point is higher than the risk of fire occurrence. In Japan, due to the amendment of the Fire Service Act of 2002, lubricating oil with a flash point of 250 ° C or higher was excluded from dangerous materials among the lubricants that were classified as hazardous materials (Class 4 and 4) until that time. For this reason, in a place where the risk of fire occurrence is high, a lubricating oil having a flash point of 250 ° C. or higher, which is not applicable to dangerous goods in Japan, has been used because of its ease of management. Further, by setting the flash point of the lubricating oil at 250 DEG C or higher, lubricating oil can be handled more safely.

그러나, 상기 종래의 광유계 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법에 있어서, 수득되는 윤활유 기유의 인화점을 250℃ 이상으로 하고자 하면, 동점도가 높아져 버린다. 이로 인해, 이 제조 방법에서는, ISO 규격의 VG32, VG46 그레이드의 윤활유 기유로서 인화점이 250℃ 이상인 것을 수득하는 것은 어렵다. However, in the conventional process for producing an optical lubricant base oil, if the flash point of the obtained lubricant base oil is set to 250 DEG C or higher, the kinematic viscosity increases. Therefore, in this production method, it is difficult to obtain a flash point of 250 ° C or higher as a lubricant base oil of VG32, VG46 grade of ISO standard.

이 문제를 해결하는 방법으로서, 수득된 윤활유 유분을 재증류하여 경질 유분, 중간 유분, 중질 유분으로 분획하고, 목적으로 하는 점도 그레이드의 윤활유 기유를 중간 유분으로서 수득하는 방법을 생각할 수 있다. 이 방법에 의하면, 경질 유분을 제거함으로써 인화점을 높게 할 수 있고, 그 한편으로, 중질 유분을 제거함으로써 동점도의 상승을 억제할 수 있기 때문에, VG32, VG46 그레이드의 윤활유 기유로서 인화점이 250℃ 이상인 것을 수득할 수 있다. As a method for solving this problem, there can be considered a method in which the obtained lubricating oil fraction is re-distilled to obtain a light oil fraction, a middle oil fraction and a heavy oil fraction, and a desired viscosity grade lubricant base oil is obtained as an intermediate oil fraction. According to this method, the flash point can be increased by removing the hard oil and, on the other hand, the increase in kinematic viscosity can be suppressed by removing the heavy oil component. Therefore, the lubricant base oil of VG32 and VG46 grades has a flash point of 250 deg. .

그러나, 본 발명자의 검토에 의하면, 이러한 방법의 경우, 목적으로 하는 윤활유 기유인 중간 유분이, 재증류시에 장시간에 걸쳐 고온에 노출되게 되어 수득되는 윤활유 기유가 산화에 의해 열화되기 쉬워진다. 또한, 장시간의 재증류가 필요하기 때문에, 제조 비용이 높아진다는 문제도 있다. However, according to the study by the present inventors, in the case of this method, the intermediate oil as the base oil for the lubricating oil of interest is exposed to high temperature for a long time at the time of re-distillation, and the obtained lubricating base oil is liable to be deteriorated by oxidation. In addition, since the re-distillation is required for a long time, there is a problem that the production cost is increased.

본 발명은, 이러한 실정을 감안하여 이루어진 것이며, 그 목적은 VG32 또는 VG46 그레이드의 윤활유 기유로서 인화점이 250℃ 이상인 것을 확실하고 저렴하게 수득할 수 있고, 또한, 수득되는 윤활유 기유의 산화 열화를 충분히 억제할 수 있는 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법을 제공하는 것에 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 다른 목적은, 그러한 제조 방법에 의해 수득된 윤활유 기유, 및 당해 윤활유 기유를 사용한 윤활유 조성물을 제공하는 것에 있다. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant base oil of VG32 or VG46 grade which can reliably and inexpensively obtain a lubricant base oil having a flash point of 250 DEG C or more, And a method for producing the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil base oil obtained by such a production method and a lubricating oil composition using such a lubricating base oil.

본 발명은 상기의 과제를 해결하기 위해, 인화점이 250℃ 미만, 점도 지수가 110 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 40㎟/s 이하인 광유(鑛油)를 함유하는 원료를 증류탑 내로 도입하고, 상기 원료로부터 경질 유분(輕質 留分)을 증류 제거하여 인화점이 250℃ 이상, 점도 지수가 120 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 50.6㎟/s 이하인 윤활유 기유를 상기 증류탑 내에 잔류시키고, 상기 증류탑으로부터 상기 윤활유 기유(基油)를 회수하는 공정을 구비하는, 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법을 제공한다.In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a process for producing a polyester resin composition comprising introducing into a distillation column a raw material containing a mineral oil having a flash point of less than 250 DEG C, a viscosity index of not less than 110 and a kinematic viscosity at 40 DEG C of 40 mm & A lubricant base oil having a flash point of 250 ° C or higher, a viscosity index of 120 or more and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C of 50.6 mm 2 / s or less is left in the distillation tower by distillation of a light oil fraction from the raw material, A process for producing a lubricating base oil, comprising the step of recovering a lubricating base oil.

상기의 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법에 의하면, 목적으로 하는 윤활유 기유가, 원료로부터 경질 유분을 증류 제거한 후의 증류탑 내의 잔류물로서 수득되기 때문에, 윤활유 기유가 장시간에 걸쳐 고온에 노출되는 것에 의한 산화 열화나 제조 비용의 상승을 충분히 억제할 수 있다. According to the above production method of the lubricating base oil, since the objective lubricating base oil is obtained as a residue in the distillation column after distilling off the light oil fractions from the raw material, the oxidation of the lubricating oil base oil is exposed to a high temperature over a long period of time, The increase in cost can be sufficiently suppressed.

또한, 상기의 공정에 있어서, 원료로부터 경질 유분을 원료의 전량 기준으로 10질량% 이하 증류 제거하는 것이 바람직하다. In the above step, it is preferable that the light oil fraction is distilled off from the raw material in an amount of 10 mass% or less based on the total amount of the raw material.

또한, 원료는, 원료의 전량 기준으로 50질량% 이하의 폴리α-올레핀을 추가로 함유하는 것이 바람직하다. It is preferable that the raw material further contains a poly-alpha -olefin of 50 mass% or less based on the total amount of the raw materials.

또한, 윤활유 기유는, 점도 지수가 120 이상, 인화점이 250℃ 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 35.2㎟/s 이하인 윤활유 기유인 것이 바람직하다. The lubricant base oil is preferably a lubricant base oil having a viscosity index of 120 or more, a flash point of 250 占 폚 or more, and a kinematic viscosity at 40 占 폚 of 35.2 mm2 / s or less.

또한, 폴리α-올레핀은, 폴리α-올레핀을 FD-MASS 분석했을 때에 수득되는 프래그먼트 피크 중, 질량(Mw) 590, 질량(Mw) 506 및 질량(Mw) 422의 피크 중 적어도 1개의 피크 강도가, 질량(Mw) 338의 피크 강도에 대해 2배 이상이 되는 것이 바람직하다. The poly-alpha -olefin has at least one peak intensity among the peaks of a mass (Mw) of 590, a mass (Mw) of 506 and a mass (Mw) of 422 in the fragment peaks obtained by FD- Is preferably at least twice as large as the peak strength of the mass (Mw) 338.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 제조 방법에 의해 제조되는 윤활유 기유를 제공한다. Further, the present invention provides a lubricating base oil produced by the above production method.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 윤활유 기유를 함유하는 윤활유 조성물을 제공한다. The present invention also provides a lubricating oil composition containing the lubricating base oil.

본 발명에 의하면, VG32 또는 VG46 그레이드의 윤활유 기유로서 인화점이 250℃ 이상인 것을 확실하고 저렴하게 수득할 수 있고, 또한, 수득되는 윤활유 기유의 산화 열화를 충분히 억제할 수 있는 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법을 제공할 수 있다. According to the present invention, there is provided a production method of a lubricating base oil which can reliably and inexpensively obtain a lubricating oil base oil of VG32 or VG46 grade having a flash point of 250 DEG C or more and which can sufficiently suppress oxidation deterioration of the resulting lubricating base oil can do.

이하, 본 발명의 적합한 실시형태에 관해서 상세하게 설명한다. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

본 실시형태에 따르는 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법은, 인화점이 250℃ 미만인 광유를 함유하는 원료를 증류탑 내로 도입하고, 원료로부터 경질 유분을 증류 제거하여 인화점이 250℃ 이상, 점도 지수가 120 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 50.6㎟/s 이하인 윤활유 기유를 증류탑 내에 잔류시키고, 증류탑으로부터 윤활유 기유를 회수하는 공정을 구비하는 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법이다. A method for producing a lubricating base oil according to this embodiment is characterized in that a raw material containing a mineral oil having a flash point of less than 250 ° C is introduced into a distillation column and a light oil fraction is distilled off from the raw material to obtain a lubricant base oil having a flash point of 250 ° C or more, And a lubricant base oil having a kinematic viscosity of 50.6 mm < 2 > / s or less in the distillation column, and recovering the lubricant base oil from the distillation column.

본 명세서에 있어서의「인화점」은, JIS K 2265-4「인화점 구하는 방법-제4부: 클리브랜드 개방법」에 준거하여 측정한 인화점을 의미한다. The "flash point" in the present specification means a flash point measured in accordance with JIS K 2265-4 "Method for obtaining flash point - Part 4: Cleveland opening method".

본 명세서에 있어서의「동점도」및「점도 지수」는, 각각 JIS K 2283-2000「원유 및 석유 제품-동점도 시험 방법 및 점도 지수 산출 방법」에 준거하여 측정한 동점도 및 점도 지수를 의미한다. "Kinematic viscosity" and "viscosity index" in the present specification mean kinematic viscosity and viscosity index measured in accordance with JIS K 2283-2000 "Crude Oil and Petroleum Products - Kinematic Viscosity Test Method and Viscosity Index Calculation Method", respectively.

원료는, 인화점이 250℃ 미만, 점도 지수가 110 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 40㎟/s 이하인 광유를 함유한다. 원료 중의 광유의 함유량은 원료의 전량 기준으로 50질량% 이상인 것이 바람직하며, 70질량% 이상인 것이 보다 바람직하며, 80질량% 이상인 것이 더욱 바람직하며, 85질량% 이상인 것이 특히 바람직하며, 90질량% 이상인 것이 가장 바람직하다. The raw material contains mineral oil having a flash point of less than 250 DEG C, a viscosity index of 110 or more, and a kinetic viscosity at 40 DEG C of 40 mm < 2 > / s or less. The content of mineral oil in the raw material is preferably 50 mass% or more, more preferably 70 mass% or more, further preferably 80 mass% or more, particularly preferably 85 mass% or more, and 90 mass% or more Is most preferable.

광유로서는, 상기의 조건을 충족시키는 것이면 특별히 제한되지 않지만, 예를 들면, 원유를 상압 증류 및 감압 증류하여 수득된 윤활유 유분을, 용제 탈력, 용제 추출, 수소화 분해, 용제 탈랍, 접촉 탈랍, 수소화 정제, 황산 세정, 백토 처리 등의 정제 처리를 적절히 조합하여 정제한, 파라핀계 광유, 나프텐계 광유 등을 들 수 있다. The mineral oil is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions, but for example, the mineral oil obtained by atmospheric distillation and reduced pressure distillation of crude oil is subjected to solvent deaeration, solvent extraction, hydrogenolysis, solvent degasification, Paraffinic mineral oils and naphthenic mineral oils obtained by appropriately combining and purifying purification treatments such as sulfuric acid cleaning and white soil treatment.

광유의 인화점 및 동점도는, 경질 유분의 증류 제거량에 따라 상기 범위 내에서 적절히 선택될 수 있지만, 경질 유분을 증류 제거한 후의 잔류물의 인화점이 250℃ 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 50.6㎟/s 이하가 되도록 선택된다. 광유의 인화점은, 250℃ 미만이면 특별히 제한되지 않지만, 바람직하게는 220℃ 이상, 보다 바람직하게는 230℃ 이상, 더욱 바람직하게는 235℃ 이상이다. 또한, 광유의 40℃에서의 동점도는, 40㎟/s 이하이지만, 바람직하게는 38㎟/s 이하, 보다 바람직하게는 35㎟/s 이하이다. The flash point and the kinematic viscosity of the mineral oil can be appropriately selected within the above range depending on the distillation removal amount of the hard oil, but the residue after the distillation off of the light oil fraction has a flash point of 250 ° C or higher and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C of 50.6 mm 2 / . The flash point of the mineral oil is not particularly limited as long as it is below 250 DEG C, but is preferably 220 DEG C or higher, more preferably 230 DEG C or higher, and still more preferably 235 DEG C or higher. The dynamic viscosity of the mineral oil at 40 캜 is 40 mm 2 / s or less, preferably 38 mm 2 / s or less, and more preferably 35 mm 2 / s or less.

원료는, 동점도가 낮고 인화점이 높은 윤활유 기유가 수득되는 점에서, 폴리α-올레핀을 추가로 함유하는 것이 바람직하다. 폴리α-올레핀의 함유량은, 원료의 전량 기준으로 50질량% 이하인 것이 바람직하며, 30질량% 이하인 것이 보다 바람직하며, 20질량% 이하인 것이 더욱 바람직하며, 15질량% 이하인 것이 특히 바람직하며, 10질량% 이하인 것이 가장 바람직하다. The raw material preferably further contains a poly-alpha-olefin in that a lubricating base oil having a low kinematic viscosity and a high flash point is obtained. The content of the poly-alpha -olefin is preferably 50 mass% or less, more preferably 30 mass% or less, further preferably 20 mass% or less, particularly preferably 15 mass% or less, based on the total amount of the raw material, % Or less.

폴리α-올레핀으로서는, 특별히 제한되지 않지만, 예를 들면, 탄소수 2 내지 32, 바람직하게는 탄소수 6 내지 16의 α-올레핀의 올리고머 또는 코올리고머(1-옥텐 올리고머, 데센 올리고머, 에틸렌-프로필렌 코올리고머 등), 이들의 수소화물을 들 수 있다. Examples of the poly-alpha-olefin include, but are not particularly limited to, oligomers or co-oligomers of alpha -olefins having 2 to 32 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 16 carbon atoms (1-octene oligomer, decene oligomer, ethylene- Etc.), and hydrides thereof.

폴리α-올레핀의 제조법으로서는, 특별히 제한되지 않지만, 예를 들면, 삼염화알루미늄 또는 삼불화붕소와, 물, 알코올(에탄올, 프로판올, 부탄올 등), 카복실산 또는 에스테르와의 착체를 함유하는 프리델·크래프츠 촉매와 같은 중합 촉매의 존재하, α-올레핀을 중합하는 방법을 들 수 있다. The process for producing the poly-alpha-olefin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a process for producing a poly-alpha -olefin such as Friedel-Crafts product containing a complex with aluminum trichloride or boron trifluoride with water, alcohol (ethanol, propanol, butanol, And a method of polymerizing? -Olefin in the presence of a polymerization catalyst such as a catalyst.

본 실시형태에 있어서는, 폴리α-올레핀을 함유한 원료로부터 경질 유분을 증류 제거하는 것이 바람직하지만, 폴리α-올레핀을 함유하지 않는 원료 및 폴리α-올레핀의 각각으로부터 개별적으로 경질 유분을 증류 제거한 후에 양자를 혼합함으로써도, 본 실시형태의 윤활유 기유와 동등한 물성을 갖는 윤활유 기유를 수득할 수 있다. 단, 증류 장치나 중간 탱크, 제품 탱크 등의 설비를 적게 할 수 있는 점에서, 폴리α-올레핀을 함유한 원료로부터 경질 유분을 증류 제거하는 것이 바람직하다. In the present embodiment, it is preferable to distill off the light oil fraction from the raw material containing the poly-alpha -olefin. However, after the light oil fraction is separately distilled off from each of the raw material not containing the poly-alpha -olefin and the poly- A lubricant base oil having the same physical properties as those of the lubricant base oil of the present embodiment can be obtained. However, it is preferable to distill off the light oil fraction from the raw material containing the poly-alpha -olefin in view of reducing the facilities such as the distillation apparatus, the intermediate tank and the product tank.

폴리α-올레핀은, 동점도가 낮고 인화점이 높은 윤활유 기유가 수득되는 점에서, 폴리α-올레핀을 FD-MASS 분석했을 때에 수득되는 프래그먼트 피크 중, 질량(Mw) 590, 질량(Mw) 506 및 질량(Mw) 422 중 적어도 1개의 피크 강도가, 질량(Mw) 338 피크 강도의 2배 이상이 되는 것이 바람직하다. Olefin has a mass (Mw) of 590, a mass (Mw) of 506, and a mass (Mw) of a fraction peak obtained when the poly-alpha olefin is analyzed by FD-MASS in that a lubricant base oil having a low kinematic viscosity and a high flash point is obtained. (Mw) 422 is preferably at least twice the peak strength of the mass (Mw) 338 peak intensity.

FD-MASS 분석에 있어서의 각 피크 강도는, 수득되는 차트의 대상(對象) 피크의 높이의 상대 비교에 의해 구할 수 있다. Each peak intensity in the FD-MASS analysis can be obtained by a relative comparison of the height of the object peak of the obtained chart.

본 명세서에 있어서의「경질 유분」이란, 특정된 성분을 의미하는 것이 아니며, 원료유 중에 함유되는 경질한 성분을 의미한다. The term " light oil component " in the present specification does not mean the specified component, but means a hard component contained in the raw oil.

원료로부터 경질 유분을 증류 제거하는 방법으로서는, 특별히 제한되지 않지만, 예를 들면, 상압 증류 또는 감압 증류를 들 수 있는데, 열부하를 저감시키는 관점에서 감압 증류가 바람직하다. The method for distilling off the light oil fraction from the raw material is not particularly limited, and for example, atmospheric distillation or reduced pressure distillation can be mentioned. From the viewpoint of reducing the heat load, the distillation under reduced pressure is preferable.

경질 유분의 증류 제거량은, 특별히 한정되지 않지만, 바람직하게는 10질량% 이하, 보다 바람직하게는 7질량% 이하, 더욱 바람직하게는 5질량% 이하, 특히 바람직하게는 3질량% 이하이다. 경질 유분의 증류 제거량이 10질량% 이하이면, 증류 제거 시간이 짧아지기 때문에 가열 시간도 짧아져 원료유의 가열 열화가 억제되기 때문에 바람직하며, 또한 수율 및 증류 시간의 단축에 의한 에너지 절약의 점에서도 바람직하다. 경질 유분의 증류 제거량의 하한은 특별히 제한되지 않지만, 예를 들면 1질량%이다. The distillation removal amount of the light oil component is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 mass% or less, more preferably 7 mass% or less, further preferably 5 mass% or less, particularly preferably 3 mass% or less. When the distillation removal amount of the hard oil fraction is 10 mass% or less, the distillation removal time is shortened, and the heating time is also shortened to suppress the heating deterioration of the raw material oil, and also from the viewpoint of energy saving by shortening the yield and the distillation time Do. The lower limit of the distillation removal amount of the hard oil is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1% by mass.

본 실시형태에 따르는 윤활유 기유는, 상기의 제조 방법에 의해 제조되는 윤활유 기유이다. 또한, 본 실시형태에 따르는 윤활유 조성물은, 상기의 윤활유 기유를 함유한다. 이들 윤활유 기유 및 윤활유 조성물은 공업용 기어유; 유압 작동유, 압축기유; 냉동기유; 절삭유; 압연유, 프레스유, 단조유, 드로잉유, 인발유, 블랭킹유 등의 소성 가공유; 열처리유, 방전 가공유 등의 금속 가공유; 미끄럼 안내면유; 베어링유; 녹방지유; 열매체유 등의 각종 용도에 사용할 수 있다 The lubricant base oil according to the present embodiment is a lubricant base oil produced by the above-described production method. Further, the lubricating oil composition according to the present embodiment contains the above-mentioned lubricating oil base oil. These lubricant base oils and lubricant compositions can be used in industrial gear oils; Hydraulic oil, compressor oil; Refrigerator oil; Cutting oil; Casting oil such as rolling oil, press oil, forging oil, drawing oil, drawing oil, and blanking oil; Metal processing oils such as heat-treated oil and discharge machining oil; Sliding guide surface oil; Bearing oil; Rust prevention oil; It can be used for various applications such as thermal oil

[실시예] [ Example ]

이하, 실시예 및 비교예에 기초하여 본 발명을 더욱 구체적으로 설명하지만, 본 발명은 이하의 실시예로 조금도 한정되는 것은 아니다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

실시예 1 내지 10 및 비교예 1 내지 7에 있어서는, 이하에 나타내는 광유 및 폴리α-올레핀을 표 3 내지 표 5에 기재하는 배합량으로 배합한 원료로부터, 표 3 내지 표 5에 기재하는 양만큼 경질 유분 및/또는 중질 유분을 제거하여 윤활유 기유를 수득하였다. 원료의 40℃에서의 동점도 및 인화점, 및 수득된 윤활유 기유의 점도 지수, 40℃에서의 동점도 및 인화점을 표 3 내지 표 5에 기재한다. In Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the following amounts of mineral oil and poly-a-olefin were blended in the amounts shown in Tables 3 to 5, Oil and / or heavy oil fractions were removed to obtain a lubricating base oil. The kinematic viscosity and the flash point of the raw material at 40 占 폚, the viscosity index of the obtained lubricant base oil, the kinematic viscosity at 40 占 폚, and the flash point are shown in Tables 3 to 5.

본 실시예에 있어서는, 경질 유분은 감압 증류 장치에 의해 유출(留出) 제거하고, 경질 유분의 제거량은 유출된 경질 유분의 질량을 측정하여, 원료유에 대한 경질 유분의 비율(질량%)로 하였다. In this embodiment, the light oil fraction is removed by a vacuum distillation apparatus, and the removal amount of the light oil fraction is measured as the ratio of the light oil fraction to the raw oil (mass%) by measuring the mass of the light oil fraction flowing out .

또한, 중질 유분은 감압 증류 장치에 의해 원료유로부터 경질 유분 및 중간 유분을 유출시키고, 그 잔유를 중질 유분으로 하고, 중질 유분의 제거량은 중질 유분의 질량을 측정하여, 원료유에 대한 중질 유분의 비율(질량%)로 하였다. In the heavy oil fraction, the light oil fraction and the middle oil fraction are flowed out from the raw oil channel by the vacuum distillation apparatus, the residual oil is taken as the heavy oil fraction, the mass fraction of the heavy oil fraction is measured as the heavy oil fraction to the raw oil (% By mass).

[광유][Mineral oil]

광유 1: 고도 수소화 정제 광유Mineral oil 1: Highly hydrogenated refined mineral oil

광유 2: 용제 정제 광유Mineral oil 2: solvent refined mineral oil

광유 3: 고도 수소화 정제 광유Mineral oil 3: highly hydrogenated refined mineral oil

Figure pat00001
Figure pat00001

[폴리α-올레핀][Poly-alpha-olefin]

PAO1: 탄소수 8 내지 14의 α-올레핀을 중합시킨 올리고머로서, FD-MASS 분석을 실시했을 때, 프래그먼트 피크 중 Mw 506(탄소수 12)의 피크가 가장 강하고, 또한 Mw 338의 피크 강도에 대한 Mw 506의 피크 강도의 비가 2 이상인 폴리α-올레핀.PAO1: an oligomer obtained by polymerizing an? -Olefin having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, when a FD-MASS analysis was carried out, the peak of Mw 506 (carbon number 12) was the strongest in the fragment peak and the peak of Mw 506 Of the peak intensity of the poly-α-olefin is 2 or more.

PAO2: 탄소수 8 내지 14의 α-올레핀을 중합시킨 올리고머로서, FD-MASS 분석을 실시했을 때, 프래그먼트 피크 중 Mw 422(탄소수 10)의 피크가 가장 강하고, 또한 Mw 338의 피크 강도에 대한 Mw 422의 피크 강도의 비가 2 이상인 폴리α-올레핀.PAO2: An oligomer obtained by polymerizing an? -Olefin having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and having a peak of Mw 422 (carbon number 10) in the fragment peak and a peak strength of Mw 422 Of the peak intensity of the poly-α-olefin is 2 or more.

PAO3: 탄소수 8 내지 14의 α-올레핀을 중합시킨 올리고머로서, FD-MASS 분석을 실시했을 때, 프래그먼트 피크 중 Mw 590(탄소수 14)의 피크가 가장 강하고, 또한 Mw 338의 피크 강도에 대한 Mw 590의 피크 강도의 비가 2 이상인 폴리α-올레핀.PAO3: An oligomer obtained by polymerizing an? -Olefin having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, when the FD-MASS analysis was carried out, the peak of Mw 590 (carbon number of 14) was the strongest in the fragment peak and the peak of Mw 590 Of the peak intensity of the poly-α-olefin is 2 or more.

PAO4: 탄소수 8 내지 14의 α-올레핀을 중합시킨 올리고머로서, FD-MASS 분석을 실시했을 때, 프래그먼트 피크 중 Mw 338(탄소수 8)의 피크가 가장 강하고, 또한 Mw 338의 피크 강도에 대해, Mw 590, Mw506 및 Mw 422 중 어느 피크 강도의 비도 2 미만인 폴리α-올레핀.PAO4: An oligomer obtained by polymerizing an? -Olefin having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and having a peak at Mw 338 (carbon number 8) in the fragment peak and a peak intensity at Mw 338 in the fragment peak when subjected to FD-MASS analysis. Mw 590, Mw 506 and Mw 422, of which the ratio of the peak intensities is less than 2.

Figure pat00002
Figure pat00002

인화점은 JIS K 2265-4「인화점 구하는 방법-제4부: 클리브랜드 개방법」에 준거하여 측정하였다. The flash point was measured in accordance with JIS K 2265-4 "Method for obtaining flash point - Part 4: Cleavand opening method".

동점도 및 점도 지수는, JIS K 2283-2000「원유 및 석유 제품-동점도 시험 방법 및 점도 지수 산출 방법」에 준거하여 측정하였다. The kinematic viscosity and viscosity index were measured in accordance with JIS K 2283-2000 " Crude Oil and Petroleum Products-Kinetic Viscosity Test Method and Viscosity Index Calculation Method ".

포화분(飽和分)은, Analytical Chemistry 제44권 제6호(1972) 제915-919페이지 "Separation of High-Boiling Petroleum Distillates Using Gradient Elution Through Dual-Packed(Silica Gel-Alumina Gel) Adsorption Columns"에 기재된 실리카-알루미나겔 크로마토 분석법에 준거하여 측정하였다. 단, 이 방법에 있어서 포화 탄화수소 성분의 용출에 사용되는 n-펜탄 대신 n-헥산을 사용하였다. Saturated fractions are reported in "Analytical Chemistry", Volume 44, No. 6 (1972), pp. 915-919, "Separation of High-Boiling Petroleum Distillates Using Gradient Elution Through Dual-Packed (Silica Gel-Alumina Gel) Adsorption Columns" Was measured in accordance with the silica-alumina gel chromatographic analysis described. However, in this method, n-hexane was used instead of n-pentane used for elution of the saturated hydrocarbon component.

유황분은, ASTM D4951 "Standard Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements in Lubricating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry"에 준거하여 측정하였다. The sulfur content was measured according to ASTM D4951 "Standard Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements in Lubricating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ".

FD-MASS 분석에 있어서의 피크 강도는, 수득되는 차트의 대상 피크의 높이의 상대 비교로부터 구하였다. FD-MASS 분석의 장치 및 측정 조건은 하기와 같다. The peak intensity in the FD-MASS analysis was obtained from a relative comparison of heights of the target peaks of the obtained charts. The apparatus and measurement conditions of the FD-MASS analysis are as follows.

장치: 니혼덴시 제조 JMS-700V Apparatus: JMS-700V manufactured by Nihon Denshi Co.

측정 조건: 이온화법 FD+ Measurement conditions: ionization method FD +

가속 전압 6kV Acceleration voltage 6 kV

분해능 1000 Resolution 1000

측정 범위 50-2000 Measuring range 50-2000

에미터 전류 2mA/minEmitter Current 2mA / min

[산화 안정성 시험][Oxidation stability test]

실시예 1 내지 10 및 비교예 1 내지 7에 있어서 수득된 각 윤활유 기유의 RBOT값을, JIS K 2514「윤활유-산화 안정도 시험 방법」의「6. 회전 봄베식 산화 안정도 시험 방법」에 준거하여 측정하였다. RBOT값이 클수록, 윤활유 기유의 산화 안정성이 높은 것을 의미한다. 결과를 표 3 내지 표 5에 기재한다. The RBOT values of the respective lubricating base oils obtained in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were measured in accordance with JIS K 2514 " Lubricant-Oxidation Stability Test Method "Quot; Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Rotating Bomb Type ". The larger the RBOT value, the higher the oxidation stability of the lubricating base oil. The results are shown in Tables 3 to 5.

Figure pat00003
Figure pat00003

Figure pat00004
Figure pat00004

Figure pat00005
Figure pat00005

Claims (7)

인화점이 250℃ 미만, 점도 지수가 110 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 40㎟/s 이하인 광유(鑛油)를 함유하는 원료를 증류탑 내로 도입하고, 상기 원료로부터 경질 유분(輕質 留分)을 증류 제거하여 인화점이 250℃ 이상, 점도 지수가 120 이상, 40℃에서의 동점도가 50.6㎟/s 이하인 윤활유 기유(基油)를 상기 증류탑 내에 잔류시키고, 상기 증류탑으로부터 상기 윤활유 기유를 회수하는 공정을 구비하는, 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법.A raw material containing a mineral oil having a flash point of less than 250 占 폚, a viscosity index of not less than 110 and a kinematic viscosity at 40 占 폚 of not more than 40 mm2 / s is introduced into a distillation column and a light fraction Removing the distillation residue to leave a lubricating base oil (base oil) having a flash point of 250 ° C or higher, a viscosity index of 120 or higher and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C of 50.6 mm 2 / s or lower in the distillation tower, and recovering the lubricant base oil from the distillation tower Wherein the lubricant base oil is a lubricant. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공정에 있어서, 상기 원료로부터 증류 제거되는 상기 경질 유분의 양이, 상기 원료의 전량을 기준으로 하여 10질량% 이하인, 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법.The method for producing a lubricating base oil according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the light oil fraction distilled off from the raw material in the step is 10 mass% or less based on the total amount of the raw material. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 원료는, 상기 원료의 전량을 기준으로 하여, 50질량% 이하의 폴리α-올레핀을 추가로 함유하는, 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법.The method for producing a lubricating base oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw material further contains 50% by mass or less of a poly-alpha -olefin based on the total amount of the raw material. 제3항에 있어서, 상기 폴리α-올레핀은, 당해 폴리α-올레핀의 FD-MASS 분석에서 수득되는 프래그먼트 피크 중, 질량(Mw) 590, 질량(Mw) 506 및 질량(Mw) 422의 피크 중 적어도 1개의 피크 강도가, 질량(Mw) 338의 피크 강도의 2배 이상이 되는 폴리α-올레핀인, 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법.The polyolefin according to claim 3, wherein the poly-alpha -olefin has a peak of mass (Mw) of 590, a mass (Mw) of 506 and a mass (Mw) of 422 in a fragment peak obtained by FD- Wherein the at least one peak strength is a poly-alpha -olefin having a peak strength of at least two times the peak strength of a mass (Mw) of 338. 제1항 내지 제4항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 윤활유 기유의 40℃에서의 동점도가 35.2㎟/s 이하인, 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법. The method for producing a lubricating base oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the kinematic viscosity at 40 캜 of the lubricating base oil is 35.2 mm 2 / s or less. 제1항 내지 제5항 중의 어느 한 항에 기재된 윤활유 기유의 제조 방법에 의해 제조되는 윤활유 기유.A lubricating oil base oil produced by the process for producing a lubricating base oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 제6항에 기재된 윤활유 기유를 함유하는 윤활유 조성물.
A lubricating oil composition containing the lubricating base oil according to claim 6.
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JP2005213447A (en) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-11 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd Lubricant composition
JP2007270062A (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Nippon Oil Corp Lubricant base oil, lubricating oil composition and method for producing lubricant base oil
KR20110056454A (en) * 2008-03-25 2011-05-30 제이엑스 닛코닛세키에너지주식회사 Lubricant base oil, method for production thereof, and lubricant oil composition

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002038182A (en) * 2000-05-17 2002-02-06 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd Base oil for lubricating oil and method for producing the same
JP2004182931A (en) * 2002-12-05 2004-07-02 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd Lubricant base oil and method for producing the same
JP2005213447A (en) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-11 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd Lubricant composition
JP2007270062A (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Nippon Oil Corp Lubricant base oil, lubricating oil composition and method for producing lubricant base oil
KR20110056454A (en) * 2008-03-25 2011-05-30 제이엑스 닛코닛세키에너지주식회사 Lubricant base oil, method for production thereof, and lubricant oil composition

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