KR20140088470A - Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR20140088470A
KR20140088470A KR1020130000396A KR20130000396A KR20140088470A KR 20140088470 A KR20140088470 A KR 20140088470A KR 1020130000396 A KR1020130000396 A KR 1020130000396A KR 20130000396 A KR20130000396 A KR 20130000396A KR 20140088470 A KR20140088470 A KR 20140088470A
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
substrate
nanocapsule
nanocapsules
crystal display
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020130000396A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Other versions
KR102016958B1 (en
Inventor
김경진
황정임
전지나
하경수
Original Assignee
엘지디스플레이 주식회사
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 filed Critical 엘지디스플레이 주식회사
Priority to KR1020130000396A priority Critical patent/KR102016958B1/en
Priority to US14/108,643 priority patent/US9366920B2/en
Priority to CN201310712861.8A priority patent/CN103913880A/en
Priority to CN201811147045.6A priority patent/CN109212810B/en
Publication of KR20140088470A publication Critical patent/KR20140088470A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR102016958B1 publication Critical patent/KR102016958B1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks

Abstract

Disclosed is a liquid crystal display. A liquid crystal display (LCD) disclosed according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel which includes a first substrate having a pixel electrode and a common electrode separated from the pixel electrode; and a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer includes a buffer material and nanocapsules, each of which is filled with liquid crystal molecules, and diameters of the nanocapsules are in the range of 1 nm to 320 nm. The liquid crystal display and the method of fabricating the same according to the present invention provide the first effect that prevents a light leakage and an optical variation due to external forces other than an electric field by forming a liquid crystal layer which includes nano-sized liquid crystal capsules. In addition, the liquid crystal display and the method of fabricating the same according to the present invention can increase the yield and reduce processes by forming a liquid crystal layer, which includes nano-sized liquid crystal capsules, on a single substrate and a flexible substrate, and enhance process efficiency by omitting an alignment film formation process and a rubbing process. Further, the electro-optic and physico-chemical characteristics of the liquid crystal molecules formed in the nanocapsules are improved so that it is possible to efficiently drive the liquid crystal display.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof,

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same, and more specifically, to a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same that improve light leakage caused by an external force, simplify a process, and improve a response speed.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the display field has rapidly developed in line with the information age. In response to this trend, a flat panel display device (FPD) having a thinness, light weight, A plasma display panel (PDP), an electroluminescence display device (ELD), and a field emission display device (FED) : CRT).

Among these, liquid crystal display devices are excellent in moving picture display and are most actively used in the fields of notebook computers, monitors, TVs and the like due to their high contrast ratios.

The construction of a general liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIG.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

1, a liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel in which an array substrate 10 and a color filter substrate 24 are bonded to each other with a liquid crystal layer 50 interposed therebetween, A pixel region P is defined on one surface of a first substrate 10 called a dual array substrate and a thin film transistor Tr is formed in each pixel region P, Are connected in a one-to-one correspondence via the transparent pixel electrodes 19 provided in the pixel regions P and the contact holes formed in the interlayer insulating film 18. The thin film transistor Tr includes a gate electrode 12, a gate insulating film 13, an active layer 14, ohmic contact layers 15a and 15b, a source electrode 16 and a drain electrode 17.

The second substrate 24 facing the first substrate 24 with the liquid crystal layer 50 therebetween is called an upper substrate or a color filter substrate. The first substrate 24 has a thin film transistor Tr Shaped black matrix 22 that covers the pixel region P so as to expose only the pixel electrode 19 while covering the non-display elements of the black matrix 22.

The red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color filters 23 and the transparent common electrode (R) covering the pixel regions P are sequentially and repeatedly arranged in correspondence with the pixel regions P in the lattices. 21).

At this time, polarizers 11 and 25 for selectively transmitting only specific polarized light are attached to the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 10 and 24.

Between the liquid crystal layer 50 and the pixel electrode 19 and the common electrode 21 are disposed first and second alignment films 20a and 20b in which surfaces facing the liquid crystal are rubbed in a predetermined direction, Aligning the initial alignment state of the molecules and the alignment direction uniformly.

A seal pattern 70 is formed along the edges of both substrates 10 and 24 to prevent leakage of the liquid crystal layer 50 filled therebetween.

Since the liquid crystal display device does not have a self-luminous element, a separate light source is required. For this purpose, a backlight 40 is provided on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel to supply light.

The liquid crystal layer 50 used in the liquid crystal display device includes nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, and cholesteric liquid crystal. Nematic liquid crystal is mainly used.

On the other hand, the response speed of such a liquid crystal display device is low, resulting in deterioration of image quality due to afterimage. In addition, there are disadvantages that the number of steps required to complete the liquid crystal display device is too large. Therefore, in recent years, studies have been actively made on a liquid crystal display device having a high-speed response speed and an improved process efficiency.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device, which can prevent optical changes due to external forces such as touches and prevent light leakage by forming a liquid crystal layer including nano-sized liquid crystal capsules.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same that simplify a process process by improving the yield by forming a liquid crystal layer including nano-sized liquid crystal capsules on a single substrate and a flexible substrate.

Further, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same that can eliminate the alignment film formation and rubbing process because the liquid crystal layer including nano-sized liquid crystal capsules does not require initial orientation having optical anisotropy, thereby improving process efficiency There is another purpose.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same that improve the electro-optical characteristics and physicochemical properties of liquid crystal molecules formed inside a nanocapsule to efficiently drive a liquid crystal display device.

In addition, the present invention has another object of forming nanocapsules smaller than the wavelength of the visible light so that the nanocapsules are not affected by visible light, and light leakage due to external force is not generated.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display comprising: a first substrate having pixel electrodes and a common electrode spaced from each other; And a nano-capsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer comprises a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules, and the diameter of the nano- And is formed to have a thickness of 320 nm.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, including: forming a thin film transistor on a first substrate; Forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and forming a common electrode apart from the pixel electrode; And forming a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate and completing a liquid crystal panel, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer comprises a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules, And has a diameter of 1 nm to 320 nm.

The liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a first effect of forming a liquid crystal layer including nano-sized liquid crystal capsules to prevent an optical change due to an external force such as a touch, excluding an electric field, and to prevent light leakage.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have the second effect that the liquid crystal layer including nano-sized liquid crystal capsules is formed on a single substrate and a flexible substrate to improve the yield and simplify the process.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention, since the liquid crystal layer including nano-sized liquid crystal capsules does not require an initial alignment having optical anisotropy, it is possible to omit the alignment film formation and rubbing process, There is a third effect.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention improve the electro-optical characteristics and physicochemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules formed inside the nanocapsules, thereby making it possible to efficiently drive the liquid crystal display device.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have the fifth effect that the diameter of the nanocapsules is formed smaller than the wavelength of visible light so that no light leakage due to external force is generated without being affected by visible light.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view showing a method of forming a liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
6 is a graph showing the driving voltage and the transmittance according to the change of the dielectric constant (DELTA epsilon) of the liquid crystal molecules.
7 is a graph showing the driving voltage and the transmittance according to the change of the refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecules.
8 is a graph showing the driving voltage and the transmittance according to the change of the thickness d of the nano-capsule liquid crystal layer.
9A and 9B are diagrams showing application of a conventional liquid crystal display device and a flexible substrate of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
10A and 10B are diagrams showing the influence of external force on the conventional liquid crystal display device and the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are provided by way of example so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but may be embodied in other forms. In the drawings, the size and thickness of the device may be exaggerated for convenience. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, a liquid crystal display according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200, and the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, And a liquid crystal panel in which a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is interposed. A first polarizing plate 110 and a second polarizing plate 210 are formed on outer surfaces of the liquid crystal panel. A backlight 400 is formed on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel.

Here, the first substrate 100 is a thin film transistor substrate, and the second substrate 200 is a color filter substrate.

On the first substrate 100, gate wirings and data wirings are formed which intersect each other with a gate insulating film interposed therebetween and define a pixel region. A thin film transistor composed of a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. A pixel electrode 150 is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100 to be in contact with the thin film transistor. A common electrode 160 is formed at a predetermined distance from the pixel electrode 150.

On the second substrate 200, a lattice-shaped black matrix is formed to cover a non-display region such as a gate wiring, a data line, and a thin film transistor on the first substrate 100. Green (201b), and blue (201c) color filters are sequentially formed on the second substrate 200 so as to correspond to the pixel regions.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, a liquid crystal display according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200, and the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, And a liquid crystal panel in which a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is interposed. A first polarizing plate 110 and a second polarizing plate 210 are formed on outer surfaces of the liquid crystal panel. A backlight 400 is formed on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel.

At this time, the first substrate 100 is formed of a color filter on transistor (COT) structure including a thin film transistor and a color filter.

Gate wirings and data wirings are formed on the first substrate 100 so as to intersect each other with a gate insulating film interposed therebetween and define pixel regions. A thin film transistor composed of a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. A protective film is formed on the thin film transistor, and red (101a), green (101b), and blue (101c) color filter layers are sequentially formed on the protective film.

A pixel electrode 150 is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100 to be in contact with the thin film transistor. A common electrode 160 is formed at a predetermined distance from the pixel electrode 150. At this time, in order to improve the aperture ratio and simplify the mask process, the black matrix may be omitted, and the common electrode 160 may be formed to serve also as a black matrix. In addition, in the case of a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal panel having a COT structure, the second substrate 200 may be omitted.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4, a liquid crystal display according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 100 formed of a lower substrate, a nano-capsule liquid crystal layer 300 formed on the first substrate 100 And a liquid crystal panel. A first polarizing plate 110 and a second polarizing plate 210 are formed on outer surfaces of the liquid crystal panel. A backlight 400 is formed on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel.

On the first substrate 100, gate wirings and data wirings are formed which intersect each other with a gate insulating film interposed therebetween and define a pixel region. A thin film transistor composed of a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. A pixel electrode 150 is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100 to be in contact with the thin film transistor. A common electrode 160 is formed at a predetermined distance from the pixel electrode 150.

At this time, the upper substrate may be omitted. The second polarizer 210 may be in contact with the nano-capsule liquid crystal layer 300. In addition, the backlight 400 uses a light source having red 401a, green 401b, and blue 401c. Therefore, the color is expressed by using a light source, and the color filter layer can be omitted.

The overall thickness of the liquid crystal display device can be reduced, and a separate process for attaching the second substrate and the first substrate 100 to each other is not required. Thus, the efficiency of the process can be greatly improved.

In other words, the liquid crystal display devices according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention differ only in the configuration of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, but the other configurations have the same characteristics. Features of the same configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 as follows.

2 to 4, a backlight 400 for supplying light is provided on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel. The backlight 400 is divided into a side type and a direct type according to the position of a light source emitting light. The metering type refracts the light of the light source emitted from one side of the rear side of the liquid crystal panel to a separate light guide plate to enter the liquid crystal panel. In addition, a direct-type liquid crystal panel directly arranges a plurality of light sources on a back surface of a liquid crystal panel to allow light to enter. The present invention is applicable to either of these.

The light source may be a fluorescent lamp such as a cold cathode fluorescent lamp or an external electrode fluorescent lamp. Alternatively, in addition to such a fluorescent lamp, a light emitting diode lamp may be used as a lamp.

A first polarizing plate 110 and a second polarizing plate 210, which selectively transmit only characteristic light, are attached to outer surfaces of the liquid crystal panel. The first polarizing plate 110 has a polarization axis in a first direction and the second polarizing plate 210 has a polarization axis in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The scattered light emitted from the backlight 400 is transmitted through the first polarizing plate 110 only by the linearly polarized light parallel to the first polarizing axis, and the other is absorbed. In addition, light passing through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 can be transmitted only through linear polarized light parallel to the second polarization axis by the second polarizer 210.

The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed by dispersing nanocapsules 330 filled with irregularly arranged liquid crystal molecules 320 in a buffer layer 310. The nanocapsule 330 is a liquid crystal molecule 320 encapsulated in a nano-sized capsule. The nanocapsules 330, the liquid crystal molecules 320 and the buffer layer 310 change the light transmittance of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 to display an image.

At this time, the nanocapsules 330 containing the liquid crystal molecules 320 may be formed at 5 vol% to 95 vol% of the entire nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. Preferably, the nanocapsules 330 are formed to 25 to 65% by volume of the entire nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300, and the rest are formed of the buffer layer 310.

The buffer layer 310 may be water-soluble, oil-soluble, or mixed with a transparent or semitransparent material. The buffer layer 310 may be cured by a temperature or an ultraviolet (UV) light. An additive may be added to increase the strength of the buffer layer 310 and shorten the curing time.

In addition, the refractive index of the buffer layer 310 may be as close as possible to that of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 to minimize scattering at the interface between the buffer layer 310 and the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. The refractive index of the buffer layer is made of a material having a difference of ± 0.1 from the average refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal mixture. At this time, the average refractive index n of the liquid crystal is defined as [(ne (refractive index in the major axis of the liquid crystal molecule) + 2 no (refractive index in the short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule)) / 3].

The nanocapsules 330 may have a diameter ranging from 1 nm to 320 nm. The nanocapsules 330 are formed to have a wavelength of 320 nm or less and the liquid crystal molecules 320 in the nanocapsules 330 are randomly arranged. Thereby, the optical change due to the refractive index does not occur, and the optical isotropic property can be obtained. In addition, the influence of scattering due to visible light can be minimized. Preferably, the diameter of the nanocapsule 330 is 30 nm to 100 nm. When the diameter of the nanocapsule 330 is 100 nm or less, high contrast ratio characteristics can be confirmed.

The nano-capsule liquid crystal layer 300 is an isotropic liquid crystal, and the isotropic liquid crystal has optical isotropy in three-dimensional or two-dimensional when no voltage is applied. At this time, when the electric field is applied, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 has a property of being birefringent while being aligned in the electric field direction. Therefore, when voltage is applied, an optical axis can be formed optically according to an electric field, and light can be transmitted through optical characteristic control using the optical axis.

That is, the scattered light emitted from the backlight 400 passes through the first polarizing plate 110, and the linearly polarized light parallel to the liquid crystal molecules 320 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. The light passing through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 passes through the second polarizer 210 and displays white.

When the voltage is off, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 existing between the vertically crossed polarizing plates are arranged in an arbitrary direction inside the capsule, so that they are optically isotropic . That is, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsules 330 when the voltage is off do not affect the optical characteristics of light emitted from the backlight 400. Accordingly, the light emitted from the backlight 400 does not pass through the crossed polarizer but is intercepted to display black.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 can be applied to a display device whose transmittance varies depending on the voltage on / off. The liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 can be dynamically rotated to have an effect of accelerating the response time.

5 is a view showing a method of forming a liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

5, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed by making the liquid crystal molecules 320 as nanocapsules 330 and the coating liquid mixed with the buffer layer 310 using a dropping device 500 having a nozzle shape can do. A first polarizing plate 110 is formed on the lower surface of the first substrate 100 and a pixel electrode 150 and a common electrode 160 are formed on the first substrate 100. A dropping device 500 is placed on the first substrate 100 and a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is coated.

The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 including the nanocapsules 330, the liquid crystal molecules 320 formed in the nanocapsules 330 and the buffer layer 310 may be formed in various ways by a printing method, a coating method, can do.

Since the nano-capsule liquid crystal layer 300 does not have an initial orientation having optical anisotropy, it is not necessary to align the alignment film. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an alignment film on the display device, and the rubbing process does not need to proceed. Thus, the efficiency of the process can be improved. In addition, the electro-optical characteristics and the physicochemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules 320 formed inside the nanocapsules 330 can be improved for more efficient driving of the liquid crystal display device including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. The electro-optical characteristics and physicochemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules 320 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. FIG.

6 is a graph showing the driving voltage and the transmittance according to the change of the dielectric constant (DELTA epsilon) of the liquid crystal molecules.

Referring to FIG. 6, the results are obtained by maintaining the same conditions such as the size of the nanocapsule, the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer and the refractive index (n), and changing only the dielectric constant (??) of the liquid crystal molecules. The dielectric constant ?? of the liquid crystal molecules can be set to 10 to 400, and as the dielectric constant ?? increases, the driving voltage decreases and the transmittance increases. Therefore, the dielectric constant (DELTA epsilon) of the liquid crystal molecules of the present invention can be preferably set to 35 to 200. [

7 is a graph showing the driving voltage and the transmittance according to the change of the refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecules.

Referring to FIG. 7, the results are shown in which the conditions such as the size of the nanocapsule, the thickness (d) of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer and the dielectric constant (??) of the liquid crystal molecule remain the same and only the refractive index? N is changed. The refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecules can be set to 0.10 to 0.40, and as the refractive index (n) increases, the driving voltage decreases and the transmittance increases. Therefore, the refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecules of the present invention can be formed to be 0.10 to 0.40, preferably 0.18 to 0.30.

8 is a graph showing the driving voltage and the transmittance according to the change of the thickness d of the nano-capsule liquid crystal layer.

Referring to FIG. 8, the results are obtained by changing the thickness (d) of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer while maintaining the same conditions such as the size of the nanocapsule, the refractive index (? N) of liquid crystal molecules and the dielectric constant (? As the thickness (d) of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer becomes thicker, the transmittance becomes better but the driving voltage increases. That is, the thickness (d) of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is not as good as being formed thick. The refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecules and the characteristic of the dielectric constant (??) of the liquid crystal molecules can be controlled to improve the efficiency of driving the liquid crystal display device including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 .

9A and 9B are diagrams showing application of a conventional liquid crystal display device and a flexible substrate of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9A, when a flexible panel or a curved panel is applied to the conventional liquid crystal display device, a light leakage 60 occurs. In the case of a flexible panel or a curved panel, a process of bending in one direction is included.

During the bending process, the upper substrate and the polarizer 25 attached to the upper substrate generate stress in the direction of tension, and the polarizer 11 attached to the lower substrate and the lower substrate generates stress in the direction of shrinking. At this time, the upper substrate and the lower substrate are moved in a direction opposite to each other due to stress, but the outer panel of the substrate actually has a fixed panel, and a torsional stress is generated.

As a result, misalignment of the substrate occurs, and the rubbing axes of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are twisted, so that the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted. The alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted and light leakage occurs. In particular, the light leakage is more problematic in the IPS mode in which the common electrode and the pixel electrode form a horizontal electric field as in the present invention. In the case of the IPS mode, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 50 are oriented in the horizontal direction during rubbing, and are very sensitive to the shift of the optical axis.

Therefore, when a liquid crystal display device including a flexible panel or a curved panel is formed, the light introduced from the backlight 40 is not completely black, and the light leakage 60 is generated.

Referring to FIG. 9B, in the case of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, light leakage does not occur even when a flexible panel or a curved panel is used. The bending process of the first substrate including the first polarizer 110 and the second substrate including the second polarizer 210 proceeds. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the present invention are formed inside the nanocapsules 330, so that nano-sized liquid crystal layers smaller than the visible light region are not affected by visible light and light leakage due to bending is not generated.

10A and 10B are diagrams showing the influence of external force on the conventional liquid crystal display device and the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10A, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, when an external force such as a touch is applied, a light leakage 60 occurs. When an external force is applied to the liquid crystal panel, it affects the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules. In this way, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted by the external force, and the optical axis is distorted, so that the light leakage 60 is generated. Particularly, in the IPS mode in which the common electrode and the pixel electrode form a horizontal electric field as in the present invention, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the horizontal direction, so that the influence of the external force on the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is greater.

Referring to FIG. 10B, the liquid crystal display of the present invention does not generate light leakage in spite of external force such as touch. The liquid crystal molecules 320 of the present invention are formed inside the nanocapsules 330 so that the nano-sized liquid crystal layer having a size smaller than the visible light region is not affected by visible light and does not generate light leakage due to external force.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention can improve the yield by forming a liquid crystal layer including nano-sized liquid crystal capsules on a single substrate and a flexible substrate, The alignment film formation and the rubbing process can be omitted, thereby improving the efficiency of the process. In addition, electrooptic characteristics and physicochemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules formed in the nanocapsules are improved, so that the liquid crystal display device can be driven more efficiently.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of the specification, but should be defined by the claims.

100: first substrate L: horizontal electric field
110: first polarizing plate 300: nano-capsule liquid crystal layer
150: pixel electrode 310: buffer layer
160: common electrode 320: liquid crystal molecule
200: second substrate 330: nanocapsule
210: second polarizer plate 400: backlight

Claims (19)

A first substrate having a pixel electrode and a common electrode spaced from each other; And
And a nano-capsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate,
Wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer comprises a buffer layer and nanocapsules filled with liquid crystal molecules,
Wherein the nanocapsules have a diameter ranging from 1 nm to 320 nm.
The method according to claim 1,
And a second substrate facing the first substrate with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer therebetween,
A data line and a gate line crossing the first substrate vertically to define a pixel region; And
A thin film transistor formed at an intersection of the gate wiring and the data wiring,
And a color filter layer is formed on the second substrate.
The method according to claim 1,
A data line and a gate line crossing the first substrate vertically to define a pixel region;
A thin film transistor formed at an intersection of the gate wiring and the data wiring;
And a color filter layer formed on the thin film transistor.
The method according to claim 1,
And a backlight unit for irradiating light from the back surface of the liquid crystal panel to the liquid crystal panel,
Wherein the backlight unit emits red, green, and blue light.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the liquid crystal panel is a flexible panel or a curved panel.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the nanocapsules have a diameter of 30 nm to 100 nm.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the nanocapsules are formed at 25% by volume to 65% by volume of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a dielectric constant (DELTA epsilon) of the liquid crystal molecules in the nanocapsule is in the range of 35 to 100. The liquid crystal display according to claim 1,
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecules in the nanocapsule is 0.18 to 0.30.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a difference in refractive index between the refractive index of the buffer layer of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate and an average refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules is within +/- 0.1.
Forming a thin film transistor on the first substrate;
Forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and forming a common electrode apart from the pixel electrode; And
Forming a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate and completing a liquid crystal panel,
Wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer comprises a buffer layer and nanocapsules filled with liquid crystal molecules,
Wherein the nanocapsules have a diameter ranging from 1 nm to 320 nm.
12. The method of claim 11,
And forming a color filter layer on the second substrate,
After forming the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate,
And bonding the first substrate and the second substrate to each other.
12. The method of claim 11,
And forming a color filter layer on the thin film transistor of the first substrate.
12. The method of claim 11,
And forming a backlight unit for irradiating light from the back surface of the liquid crystal panel to the liquid crystal panel,
Wherein the backlight unit emits red, green, and blue light.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the liquid crystal panel is a flexible panel or a curved panel.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the nanocapsules have a diameter ranging from 30 nm to 100 nm.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the nanocapsules are formed at 25% by volume to 65% by volume of the liquid crystal layer of the nanocapsule.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein a dielectric constant (DELTA epsilon) of the liquid crystal molecules in the nanocapsules is in the range of 35 to 100.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecules in the nanocapsule is 0.18 to 0.30.
KR1020130000396A 2013-01-02 2013-01-02 Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same KR102016958B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020130000396A KR102016958B1 (en) 2013-01-02 2013-01-02 Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same
US14/108,643 US9366920B2 (en) 2013-01-02 2013-12-17 Liquid crystal display device and fabricating method thereof
CN201310712861.8A CN103913880A (en) 2013-01-02 2013-12-20 Liquid crystal display device and fabricating method thereof
CN201811147045.6A CN109212810B (en) 2013-01-02 2013-12-20 Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020130000396A KR102016958B1 (en) 2013-01-02 2013-01-02 Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR20140088470A true KR20140088470A (en) 2014-07-10
KR102016958B1 KR102016958B1 (en) 2019-09-02

Family

ID=51737017

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1020130000396A KR102016958B1 (en) 2013-01-02 2013-01-02 Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
KR (1) KR102016958B1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160027552A (en) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-10 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal layer
KR20160077481A (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-07-04 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal layer
WO2016148430A1 (en) * 2015-03-16 2016-09-22 이미지랩(주) Liquid crystal capsule display film and display apparatus having same
KR20170064169A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device
KR20170123173A (en) * 2016-04-28 2017-11-07 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid Crystal Display Device And Method Of Fabricating The Same
US10018867B2 (en) 2015-11-30 2018-07-10 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Nano capsule liquid crystal layer and liquid crystal display device including the same
US10451918B2 (en) 2017-10-11 2019-10-22 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Display panel and display device including the same
CN111240066A (en) * 2019-08-02 2020-06-05 友达光电股份有限公司 Display panel

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110095634A (en) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-25 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal and method of fabricating the same
KR20120089385A (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-08-10 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110095634A (en) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-25 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal and method of fabricating the same
KR20120089385A (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-08-10 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160027552A (en) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-10 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal layer
KR20160077481A (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-07-04 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal layer
WO2016148430A1 (en) * 2015-03-16 2016-09-22 이미지랩(주) Liquid crystal capsule display film and display apparatus having same
KR20170064169A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid crystal display device
US10018867B2 (en) 2015-11-30 2018-07-10 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Nano capsule liquid crystal layer and liquid crystal display device including the same
US10162206B2 (en) 2015-11-30 2018-12-25 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
KR20170123173A (en) * 2016-04-28 2017-11-07 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid Crystal Display Device And Method Of Fabricating The Same
US10451918B2 (en) 2017-10-11 2019-10-22 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Display panel and display device including the same
CN111240066A (en) * 2019-08-02 2020-06-05 友达光电股份有限公司 Display panel
CN111240066B (en) * 2019-08-02 2022-07-05 友达光电股份有限公司 Display panel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR102016958B1 (en) 2019-09-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9366920B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device and fabricating method thereof
KR102016958B1 (en) Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same
WO2018076948A1 (en) Display panel and display device
US8294852B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device comprising a combination of O-type polarizers and E-type polarizers
US8339556B2 (en) Electro-optical device and display device with interdigital electrode portions on at least first and second substrates which are non-overlapping in a direction normal to the substrates
US8054433B2 (en) Viewing angle control device and display provided with the same
KR102177588B1 (en) Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal layer
JP2018180290A (en) Display device
US20140211136A1 (en) Liquid crystal display device
US10162206B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device
KR20190059469A (en) Liquid Crystal Display Device Including Liquid Crystal Capsule
US20100085508A1 (en) Display panel and liquid crystal display having the same
KR102012317B1 (en) Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same
KR20170068642A (en) Display panel and display device comprising the same
EP3173863B1 (en) Nano capsule liquid crystal layer and liquid crystal display device including the same
KR101790489B1 (en) Method for manufacturing Liquid Crystal Display Device
KR100805792B1 (en) Liquid crystal display using polymer dispersed liquid crystal
KR102395571B1 (en) Liquid crystal display device
JP2014074797A (en) Liquid crystal display device and method for setting retardation of the same
KR20150047660A (en) Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal
US11899305B2 (en) Liquid crystal panel and display device
TWI691766B (en) Manufacturing method of display device
KR102101198B1 (en) Passive matrix type liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal and method of fabricating the same
JP2005284139A (en) Display device and its manufacturing method
KR20150066135A (en) Reflection type liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A201 Request for examination
E902 Notification of reason for refusal
E701 Decision to grant or registration of patent right
GRNT Written decision to grant