KR102016958B1 - Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR102016958B1
KR102016958B1 KR1020130000396A KR20130000396A KR102016958B1 KR 102016958 B1 KR102016958 B1 KR 102016958B1 KR 1020130000396 A KR1020130000396 A KR 1020130000396A KR 20130000396 A KR20130000396 A KR 20130000396A KR 102016958 B1 KR102016958 B1 KR 102016958B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
substrate
nanocapsule
crystal display
layer
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KR1020130000396A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20140088470A (en
Inventor
김경진
황정임
전지나
하경수
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엘지디스플레이 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020130000396A priority Critical patent/KR102016958B1/en
Priority to US14/108,643 priority patent/US9366920B2/en
Priority to CN201811147045.6A priority patent/CN109212810B/en
Priority to CN201310712861.8A priority patent/CN103913880A/en
Publication of KR20140088470A publication Critical patent/KR20140088470A/en
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Publication of KR102016958B1 publication Critical patent/KR102016958B1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks

Abstract

The present invention discloses a liquid crystal display device. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising: a first substrate having pixel electrodes and a common electrode spaced apart from each other; And a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate; wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is composed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules, and the diameter of the nanocapsules is 1 nm to 1 nm. It is characterized in that formed in 320nm.
The liquid crystal display of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same have a first effect of forming a liquid crystal layer including a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule to prevent optical changes caused by external forces such as touch except an electric field and to prevent light leakage.
In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention can form a liquid crystal layer containing a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule on a single substrate and a flexible substrate to improve the yield, and the formation of the alignment film and the rubbing process can be omitted. Improve efficiency. In addition, the electro-optical and physico-chemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules formed inside the nanocapsules are improved to enable more efficient driving of the liquid crystal display device.

Description

Liquid crystal display and its manufacturing method {Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same, which improve light leakage due to external force, simplify the process, and improve response speed.

In line with the recent information age, the display field has also been rapidly developed, and a liquid crystal display device (FPD) is a flat panel display device (FPD) having advantages of thinning, light weight, and low power consumption. LCD, plasma display panel device (PDP), electroluminescence display device (ELD), field emission display device (FED), etc. : It is rapidly replacing CRT.

Among them, liquid crystal display devices are most actively used in the field of notebooks, monitors, TVs, etc. because of their excellent contrast ratio and high contrast ratio.

A configuration of a general liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

Referring to FIG. 1, a liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel in which an array substrate 10 and a color filter substrate 24 are bonded to each other with a liquid crystal layer 50 interposed therebetween. It has a configuration of the backlight 40 disposed below the pixel area (P) is defined on one surface of the first substrate 10, which is called a dual array substrate, the thin film transistor (Tr) in each pixel area (P) And a contact hole formed in the transparent pixel electrode 19 provided in each pixel region P and the interlayer insulating film 18. The thin film transistor Tr includes a gate electrode 12, a gate insulating layer 13, an active layer 14, ohmic contact layers 15a and 15b, a source electrode 16, and a drain electrode 17.

In addition, the second substrate 24 facing the liquid crystal layer 50 therebetween is called an upper substrate or a color filter substrate, and one surface thereof has a thin film transistor Tr of the first substrate 24. A lattice-like black matrix 22 is formed to surround the pixel region P so as to expose only the pixel electrode 19 while covering the non-display element of.

In addition, as an example, the R, red, G, and B color filters 23 and the transparent common electrode covering all of them are sequentially arranged to correspond to each pixel area P in the lattice. 21).

At this time, the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 10 and 24 are attached with polarizing plates 11 and 25 for selectively transmitting only specific polarized light.

The liquid crystal layer 50 is interposed between the pixel electrode 19 and the common electrode 21 by interposing first and second alignment layers 20a and 20b each having a surface facing the liquid crystal in a predetermined direction. Evenly align the initial alignment of the molecules with the orientation.

In addition, a seal pattern 70 is formed along edges of both substrates 10 and 24 to prevent leakage of the liquid crystal layer 50 filled therebetween.

Since the liquid crystal display device does not have its own light emitting element, a separate light source is required. To this end, a backlight 40 is provided on the back of the liquid crystal panel to supply light.

Here, the liquid crystal layer 50 used in the liquid crystal display includes a nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, a cholesteric liquid crystal, and the like, and a nematic liquid crystal is mainly used.

On the other hand, such a liquid crystal display device has a low response speed and is accompanied by deterioration of image quality due to afterimages. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that too many processes are required to complete the liquid crystal display. Therefore, recently, researches on liquid crystal displays having high response speed and improved process efficiency have been actively conducted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same, forming a liquid crystal layer including a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule to prevent optical changes caused by external forces such as touch except an electric field and to prevent light leakage.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device including a nano-size liquid crystal capsule on a single substrate and a flexible substrate, to improve yield, and to simplify a process process and a method of manufacturing the same.

In addition, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal layer including a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule, which eliminates the need for initial alignment with optical anisotropy, thereby eliminating an alignment layer forming and rubbing process, thereby improving the efficiency of the process. There is another purpose.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same, which efficiently drive the liquid crystal display device by improving the electro-optical and physicochemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules formed inside the nanocapsules.

In addition, the present invention has another object that the diameter of the nanocapsules smaller than the wavelength of the visible light is not affected by the visible light does not generate light leakage due to external force.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate on which a pixel electrode and a common electrode are spaced apart from each other; And a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate; wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is composed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules, and the diameter of the nanocapsules is 1 nm to 1 nm. It is characterized in that formed in 320nm.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device manufacturing method of the present invention, forming a thin film transistor on the first substrate; Forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and forming a common electrode spaced apart from the pixel electrode; And forming a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate and completing a liquid crystal panel, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is formed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and a liquid crystal molecule. The diameter is characterized in that formed in 1nm to 320nm.

The liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a first effect of forming a liquid crystal layer including a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule to prevent optical changes caused by external forces such as touch except an electric field and to prevent light leakage.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a second effect of improving the yield by forming a liquid crystal layer including a nano-size liquid crystal capsule on a single substrate and a flexible substrate, and simplifying the process process.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method according to the present invention, since the liquid crystal layer containing the nano-sized liquid crystal capsule does not require the initial alignment with optical anisotropy, it is possible to omit the alignment film forming and rubbing process, thereby improving the efficiency of the process Has a third effect.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a fourth effect of efficiently driving the liquid crystal display device by improving the electro-optical and physical and chemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules formed inside the nanocapsules.

In addition, the liquid crystal display and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a fifth effect in which the diameter of the nanocapsules is smaller than the wavelength of the visible light and thus is not affected by the visible light so that light leakage due to external force does not occur.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view showing a method of forming a liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
6 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and transmittance according to a change in dielectric constant Δε of liquid crystal molecules.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and a transmittance according to a change in refractive index Δn of liquid crystal molecules.
8 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and transmittance according to a change in thickness d of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.
9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating a conventional liquid crystal display device and a flexible substrate applied to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
10A and 10B illustrate the influence on the external force of the conventional liquid crystal display and the liquid crystal display of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are provided as examples to ensure that the spirit of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below and may be embodied in other forms. In the drawings, the size and thickness of the device may be exaggerated for convenience. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, in the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200 are formed, and the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 are formed. The liquid crystal panel includes a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 interposed therebetween. The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 are formed on each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the backlight 400 is formed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel.

In this case, the first substrate 100 is a thin film transistor substrate, and the second substrate 200 is formed as a color filter substrate.

Gate lines and data lines are formed on the first substrate 100 to vertically cross each other with a gate insulating layer interposed therebetween to define pixel regions. A thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. The pixel electrode 150 in contact with the thin film transistor is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100. The common electrode 160 is formed to be spaced apart from the pixel electrode 150 by a predetermined distance.

A lattice-shaped black matrix is formed on the second substrate 200 so as to cover a non-display area such as a gate wiring, a data wiring, and a thin film transistor on the first substrate 100. The red 201a, green 201b, and blue 201c color filters are sequentially formed on the second substrate 200 to correspond to the pixel area.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, in the liquid crystal display according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200 are formed, and the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 are formed. The liquid crystal panel includes a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 interposed therebetween. The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 are formed on each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the backlight 400 is formed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel.

In this case, the first substrate 100 is formed of a color filter on transistor (COT) structure including a thin film transistor and a color filter.

Gate lines and data lines are formed on the first substrate 100 to vertically cross each other with a gate insulating layer interposed therebetween to define a pixel area. A thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. A passivation layer is formed on the thin film transistor, and a red (101a), green (101b), and blue (101c) color filter layer is sequentially formed on the passivation layer.

The pixel electrode 150 in contact with the thin film transistor is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100. The common electrode 160 is formed to be spaced apart from the pixel electrode 150 by a predetermined distance. In this case, in order to improve the aperture ratio and simplify the mask process, the black matrix may be omitted, and the common electrode 160 may be formed to serve as the black matrix. In the case of a liquid crystal display including a liquid crystal panel having a COT structure, the second substrate 200 may be omitted.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, in the liquid crystal display according to the third exemplary embodiment, a first substrate 100 is formed as a lower substrate, and a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed on the first substrate 100. It includes a liquid crystal panel. The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 are formed on each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the backlight 400 is formed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel.

Gate lines and data lines are formed on the first substrate 100 to vertically cross each other with a gate insulating layer interposed therebetween to define pixel regions. A thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. The pixel electrode 150 in contact with the thin film transistor is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100. The common electrode 160 is formed to be spaced apart from the pixel electrode 150 by a predetermined distance.

In this case, the upper substrate may be omitted. The second polarizing plate 210 may be formed to contact the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. In addition, the backlight 400 uses a light source having red 401a, green 401b, and blue 401c. Therefore, color can be expressed using a light source, and the color filter layer can also be omitted.

The overall thickness of the liquid crystal display device can be reduced, and since a separate process for bonding the second substrate and the first substrate 100 is not required, the efficiency of the process can be greatly improved.

That is, in the liquid crystal display according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention, only the configuration of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 is different, and other configurations have the same characteristics. The features of the same configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

2 to 4, the back surface of the liquid crystal panel is provided with a backlight 400 for supplying light. The backlight 400 is classified into a side type and a direct type according to the position of a light source emitting light. The photometric type refracts the light of the light source emitted from one side of the rear side with respect to the liquid crystal panel by a separate light guide plate to enter the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the direct type emits light by directly placing a plurality of light sources on the back of the liquid crystal panel. The present invention can use either of them.

In this case, the light source may be a fluorescent lamp such as a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (external electrode fluorescent lamp) or an external electrode fluorescent lamp (external electrode fluorescent lamp). Alternatively, a light emitting diode lamp may be used as the lamp in addition to the fluorescent lamp.

The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 for selectively transmitting only characteristic light are attached to each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. The first polarizer 110 has a polarization axis in a first direction, and the second polarizer 210 has a polarization axis in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The scattered light emitted from the backlight 400 transmits only linearly polarized light parallel to the first polarization axis by the first polarizer 110, and absorbs the rest. In addition, the light passing through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 may transmit only linearly polarized light parallel to the second polarization axis by the second polarizing plate 210.

The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed by dispersing nanocapsules 330 filled with irregularly arranged liquid crystal molecules 320 in the buffer layer 310. The nanocapsules 330 encapsulate the liquid crystal molecules 320 into nanosized capsules. The nanocapsules 330, the liquid crystal molecules 320, and the buffer layer 310 change the light transmittance of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 to display an image.

In this case, the nanocapsules 330 including the liquid crystal molecules 320 may be formed at 5% by volume to 95% by volume of the entire nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. Preferably, the nanocapsules 330 are formed at 25 vol% to 65 vol% of the entire nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300, and the rest are formed as the buffer layer 310.

The buffer layer 310 may have a water-soluble, fat-soluble or mixed property as a transparent, translucent material. The buffer layer 310 may be cured by temperature or ultraviolet (UV), and the like, and may include additives to increase the strength of the buffer layer 310 and shorten the curing time.

In addition, the refractive index of the buffer layer 310 may have a value as close as possible to the refractive index of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 to minimize scattering at the interface between the buffer layer 310 and the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. The refractive index of the buffer layer is composed of a material within ± 0.1 of the difference from the average refractive index n of the liquid crystal mixture. At this time, the average refractive index n of the liquid crystal is defined by a value of [(ne (long-axis refractive index of liquid crystal molecules) + 2 no (uniaxial direction refractive index of liquid crystal molecules)) / 3].

The nanocapsules 330 may have a diameter of 1 nm to 320 nm. The nanocapsules 330 are formed to have a size equal to or less than a wavelength of visible light (320 nm), and the liquid crystal molecules 320 inside the nanocapsules 330 are randomly arranged. As a result, the optical change due to the refractive index does not occur, and may have optically isotropic characteristics. In addition, it is possible to minimize the influence of scattering by visible light. Preferably, the diameter of the nanocapsules 330 may be formed to 30nm to 100nm. When the diameter of the nanocapsules 330 is formed to 100 nm or less, high contrast ratio characteristics can be confirmed.

The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is an isotropic liquid crystal, and the isotropic liquid crystal is optically isotropic in three or two dimensions when no voltage is applied. In this case, when the electric field is applied, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 has a property of generating birefringence while aligning in the electric field direction. Therefore, the optical axis can be optically formed according to the electric field when voltage is applied, and light can be transmitted through the optical property control using the optical axis.

That is, the scattered light emitted from the backlight 400 passes through the first polarizing plate 110, and linearly polarized light parallel to the liquid crystal molecules 320 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. The light passing through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 passes through the second polarizing plate 210 to display white.

When the voltage is in the off state, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 present between the vertically intersecting polarizing plates are arranged in an arbitrary direction inside the capsule, thereby optically isotropic. . That is, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsules 330 in the off state do not affect the optical characteristics of the light emitted from the backlight 400. Therefore, the light emitted from the backlight 400 does not pass through the crossed polarizers and is blocked to display black.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 may be applied to a display device in which the transmittance is changed according to on / off of voltage. The response time may be increased by dynamically rotating the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300.

5 is a view showing a method of forming a liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed by using the dropping apparatus 500 having a nozzle shape to form a liquid crystal molecule 320 as a nanocapsule 330 and a coating liquid mixed with the buffer layer 310. can do. The first polarizing plate 110 is formed below the first substrate 100, and the pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 are formed to be spaced apart from each other on the first substrate 100 and completed. The dripping apparatus 500 is disposed on the first substrate 100 and formed by coating the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300.

In addition, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 including the nanocapsule 330, the liquid crystal molecules 320 and the buffer layer 310 formed inside the nanocapsule 330 may be variously formed by a printing method, a coating method, or a dropping method. can do.

Since the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 does not have an initial alignment with optical anisotropic, there is no need to align the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300, and thus, the display device does not need to have an alignment layer, and no rubbing process is required. Thus, the efficiency of the process can be improved. In addition, the electro-optic and physicochemical characteristics of the liquid crystal molecules 320 formed inside the nanocapsule 330 may be improved for more efficient driving of the liquid crystal display including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. The electro-optical and physicochemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules 320 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

6 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and transmittance according to a change in dielectric constant Δε of liquid crystal molecules.

Referring to FIG. 6, the size of the nanocapsule, the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer, the refractive index (Δn), and the like are maintained under the same conditions, and only the dielectric constant (Δε) of the liquid crystal molecules is changed. The dielectric constant Δε of the liquid crystal molecules may be formed in a range of 10 to 400. As the dielectric constant Δε increases, the driving voltage decreases and the transmittance increases. Therefore, the dielectric constant Δε of the liquid crystal molecules of the present invention may be preferably formed in a range of 35 to 200.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and a transmittance according to a change in refractive index Δn of liquid crystal molecules.

Referring to FIG. 7, the size of the nanocapsule, the thickness (d) of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer, and the dielectric constant (Δε) of the liquid crystal molecules are kept the same and only the refractive index (Δn) is changed. The refractive index Δn of the liquid crystal molecules may be formed in a range of 0.10 to 0.40, and as the refractive index Δn increases, the driving voltage decreases and the transmittance increases. Therefore, the refractive index (Δn) of the liquid crystal molecules of the present invention may be formed from 0.10 to 0.40, preferably from 0.18 to 0.30.

8 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and transmittance according to a change in thickness d of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.

Referring to FIG. 8, the size of the nanocapsule, the refractive index (Δn) of the liquid crystal molecules, and the dielectric constant (Δε) of the liquid crystal molecules are kept the same, and only the thickness d of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is changed. As the thickness (d) of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer becomes thicker, the transmittance is increased, but the driving voltage increases. In other words, the thicker the thickness d of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is, the better. 6 and 7, the liquid crystal display device including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 may be driven more efficiently by adjusting the characteristics of the refractive index (Δn) of the liquid crystal molecules and the dielectric constant (Δε) of the liquid crystal molecules. Can be.

9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating a conventional liquid crystal display device and a flexible substrate applied to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9A, in the conventional liquid crystal display, when the flexible panel or the curved panel is applied, light leakage 60 is generated. In the case of the flexible panel or curved panel, a step of bending in one direction is included.

During the bending process, the upper substrate and the polarizing plate 25 attached to the upper substrate generate stresses in the stretching direction, and the lower substrate and the polarizing plate 11 attached to the lower substrate generate stresses in the contracting direction. At this time, the upper substrate and the lower substrate try to move by generating stress in the opposite direction to each other, the outer portion of the substrate is actually fixed to the panel to generate a torsional stress.

As a result, misalignment of the substrate occurs, and the rubbing axes of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are distorted, thereby distorting the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules. The arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted and light leakage occurs, and the light leakage is more problematic in the IPS mode in which the common electrode and the pixel electrode form a horizontal electric field, as in the present invention. In the IPS mode, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 50 are oriented in the horizontal direction when rubbing, and are very sensitive to distortion of the optical axis.

Therefore, when the liquid crystal display device including the flexible panel or the curved panel is formed, the light flowing from the backlight 40 does not become completely black, and light leakage 60 occurs.

Referring to FIG. 9B, in the liquid crystal display of the present invention, light leakage does not occur even when the flexible panel or the curved panel is applied. A bending process of the first substrate including the first polarizing plate 110 and the second substrate including the second polarizing plate 210 is performed. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the present invention are formed in the nanocapsule 330, the liquid crystal layer of the nano-size smaller than the visible light region is not affected by the visible light does not generate light leakage due to bending.

10A and 10B illustrate the influence on the external force of the conventional liquid crystal display and the liquid crystal display of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10A, in the conventional liquid crystal display, light leakage 60 is generated when an external force such as a touch is applied. When an external force is applied to the liquid crystal panel, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is affected. In this way, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted due to the external force, and the optical axis is distorted, thereby causing light leakage 60. In particular, in the IPS mode in which the common electrode and the pixel electrode form a horizontal electric field as in the present invention, since the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the horizontal direction, the influence of the external force on the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is greater.

Referring to FIG. 10B, the liquid crystal display of the present invention does not generate light leakage despite an external force such as a touch. The liquid crystal molecules 320 of the present invention are formed inside the nanocapsule 330, so that the liquid crystal layer having a smaller size than the visible light region is not affected by visible light and thus does not generate light leakage due to external force.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method according to the present invention, the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method according to the present invention, by forming a liquid crystal layer containing a nano-size liquid crystal capsule on a single substrate and a flexible substrate to improve the yield, The alignment film formation and the rubbing process can be omitted, thereby improving the efficiency of the process. In addition, the electro-optical and physico-chemical properties of the liquid crystal molecules formed inside the nanocapsules are improved to enable more efficient driving of the liquid crystal display device.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of the specification but should be defined by the claims.

100: first substrate L: horizontal electric field
110: first polarizing plate 300: nanocapsule liquid crystal layer
150 pixel electrode 310 buffer layer
160: common electrode 320: liquid crystal molecules
200: second substrate 330: nanocapsules
210: second polarizer 400: backlight

Claims (19)

A first substrate on which the pixel electrode and the common electrode are spaced apart from each other; And
It includes a liquid crystal panel comprising a; nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate;
The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is composed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules,
The nanocapsules have a diameter of 1 nm to 320 nm,
The dielectric constant (Δε) of the liquid crystal molecules inside the nanocapsule is formed to 35 to 100,
The refractive index (Δn) of the liquid crystal molecules in the nanocapsule is characterized in that formed from 0.18 to 0.30.
The method of claim 1,
A second substrate formed to face the first substrate with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween;
A data line and a gate line that vertically intersect the first substrate to define a pixel area; And
A thin film transistor formed at an intersection of the gate wiring and the data wiring is formed;
And a color filter layer formed on the second substrate.
The method of claim 1,
A data line and a gate line that vertically intersect the first substrate to define a pixel area;
A thin film transistor formed at an intersection of the gate wiring and the data wiring;
And a color filter layer formed on the thin film transistor.
The method of claim 1,
A backlight unit radiating light from the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel to the liquid crystal panel;
And the backlight unit emits red, green, and blue light.
The method of claim 1,
And the liquid crystal panel is a flexible panel or a curved panel.
The method of claim 1,
The nanocapsules have a diameter of 30 nm to 100 nm.
The method of claim 1,
The nanocapsules are formed in a volume of 25% to 65% by volume of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.
delete delete The method of claim 1,
The difference between the refractive index of the buffer layer of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate and the average refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules is within ± 0.1.
Forming a thin film transistor on the first substrate;
Forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and forming a common electrode spaced apart from the pixel electrode; And
And forming a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate and completing a liquid crystal panel.
The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is composed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules,
The nanocapsules have a diameter of 1 nm to 320 nm,
The dielectric constant (Δε) of the liquid crystal molecules inside the nanocapsule is formed to 35 to 100,
The refractive index (Δn) of the liquid crystal molecules in the nanocapsule is formed of 0.18 to 0.30.
The method of claim 11,
Forming a color filter layer on the second substrate,
After forming the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate,
And bonding the first substrate and the second substrate to each other.
The method of claim 11,
And forming a color filter layer on the thin film transistor of the first substrate.
The method of claim 11,
Forming a backlight unit irradiating light to the liquid crystal panel from a rear surface of the liquid crystal panel;
And said backlight unit emits red, green and blue light.
The method of claim 11,
The liquid crystal panel is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the flexible panel or curved panel.
The method of claim 11,
The nanocapsules have a diameter ranging from 30 nm to 100 nm.
The method of claim 11,
The nanocapsule is a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that formed from 25% to 65% by volume of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.
delete delete
KR1020130000396A 2013-01-02 2013-01-02 Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same KR102016958B1 (en)

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CN201811147045.6A CN109212810B (en) 2013-01-02 2013-12-20 Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing the same
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WO2016148430A1 (en) * 2015-03-16 2016-09-22 이미지랩(주) Liquid crystal capsule display film and display apparatus having same
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KR102227240B1 (en) 2015-11-30 2021-03-12 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Nano capsule liquid crystal and liquid crystal display device having the same
KR102513511B1 (en) * 2016-04-28 2023-03-22 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Liquid Crystal Display Device And Method Of Fabricating The Same
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