KR20130077940A - Multilayered radiation shielding thin-film composite materials using different sized tunsten particles and their preparation - Google Patents
Multilayered radiation shielding thin-film composite materials using different sized tunsten particles and their preparation Download PDFInfo
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- KR20130077940A KR20130077940A KR1020110146612A KR20110146612A KR20130077940A KR 20130077940 A KR20130077940 A KR 20130077940A KR 1020110146612 A KR1020110146612 A KR 1020110146612A KR 20110146612 A KR20110146612 A KR 20110146612A KR 20130077940 A KR20130077940 A KR 20130077940A
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- tungsten
- shielding material
- polymer
- radiation
- radiation shielding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
- G21F1/125—Laminated shielding materials comprising metals
Abstract
Description
The present invention relates to a thin-film multilayer structure radiation shielding material containing tungsten particles having different average particle sizes for maximizing shielding performance and a method of manufacturing a composite shield material bonded to the tungsten sheet.
The present invention relates to a multi-layered radiation shielding material and a method of manufacturing the same to maximize the shielding performance, and more particularly, (a) mixing a tungsten metal powder having a different size having a radiation shielding performance in an internal mixer and a polymer resin (b) uniformly orient the plate-shaped metal powder with a two-roll milling machine, (c) fabricate a polymer-metal composite shield of a certain size using a hot press, and then (d) the shielding material and the tungsten sheet prepared above ( It includes a multilayer radiation shielding material and a method of manufacturing the bonded surface after the surface of the sheet is modified with a low energy ion beam.
Through the above process, tungsten powder is uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix, and by mixing tungsten powder having different particle sizes, it is possible to effectively block pinholes existing in the existing single layer polymer-metal composite shield. By increasing the radiation shielding effect by stacking the polymer-metal shielding material thus prepared with a tungsten sheet, the multilayered radiation shielding material developed in the present invention can be applied to safety materials to protect workers in a radiation environment, to structural materials to shield radiation generating devices. It can be widely applied.
The present invention relates to a multi-layered radiation shielding material in which tungsten particles of different sizes with excellent radiation shielding properties are dispersed and a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention relates to a radiation shielding material and a method of manufacturing the same, which block pinholes that may occur in a multilayer polymer-metal composite structure and simultaneously laminate such shielding material with a tungsten sheet to maximize shielding performance.
Figure 1 shows a multilayer structure radiation shielding material produced in Example 2 of the present invention.
[A] Tungsten Sheet Bonded with Composite of Tungsten Particles [B] Tungsten Sheet Bonded with Composite with Tungsten Particles of Different Size [C] Multilayer radiation shielding material.
The numbers in the figures mean the following.
A-1: Tungsten Sheet
A-2: Tungsten Metal Particles
A-3: Polymer Matrix
B-1: Tungsten Sheet
B-2: Large Tungsten Metal Particles
B-3: Small Tungsten Metal Particles
B-4: Polymer Matrix
2 is a photograph taken with a scanning electron microscope of a cross section of a shield material in which tungsten metal particles are dispersed. [A] Compound with single-tungsten particles dispersed [B] Composite with different-tungsten particles dispersed
The manufacturing method of the multilayer structure radiation shielding material of this invention is as follows.
As a component of the multilayered radiation shielding material for realizing the present invention, the polymer-metal composite shielding material is 100-400 parts by weight of a mixture of tungsten particles having different sizes with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer resin, and 10-20 parts by weight of an antioxidant. It is characterized by consisting of 15-25 parts by weight of lubricant. The polymer resin is poly olefin elastomer, silicone rubber, acrylic rubber or other low temperature processable thermoplastic resin, or a mixture of these and polyvinylacetate as a polymer mixture (blend). The polymer-tungsten particle composite material shielding material may include: (a) mixing a polymer resin, a tungsten particle having a different size, an antioxidant, a lubricant, and the like in a twin-screw internal mixer; (b) processing the mixture passed in step (a) with a roll milling machine to orient the metal particles therein; (c) compressing the mixture passed through step (b) through a hot press, and (d) bonding the polymer-metal composite shielding material passed through step (c) with a tungsten sheet. It can be made of a multilayer structure shielding material in which a plurality of shielding materials are laminated. Here, the step (d) comprises the steps of: (d-1) irradiating a low energy ion beam or plasma or a composite beam thereof to the bonding surface of the polymer-metal composite shield and the tungsten sheet; (d-2) characterized in that it comprises the step of pressing the polymer-tungsten particle composite material shielding material and the tungsten sheet passed through the step (d-1) using a hot press. The step (a) is 100 parts by weight (wt%) of the polymer resin, 100-400 parts by weight of one or more of tungsten particle powder having different sizes, 10-20 parts by weight of antioxidant, 15-25 parts by weight of lubricant It is characterized by mixing in a negative.
First, 100-400 parts by weight, 10-20 parts by weight of antioxidant, 15-25 parts by weight of lubricant, of one or more of tungsten particle powders having different sizes are prepared based on 100 parts by weight of polymer resin, Into the twin-screw internal mixer as in step 1) and mix.
In the case of the polymer resin, it is chemically stable, does not easily deteriorate in physical properties, can be processed at low temperatures, has a viscosity enough to uniformly disperse the metal powder, and is mechanically flexible to deform the shape as desired. Among the polyolefin-based polymer resins in which a main chain is formed around a single bond of carbon (CC) as the thermoplastic resin that can be used, an elastomer-based polymer resin is suitable, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As the material that may be used as the elastomer-based polymer resin, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber or phosphazine-based elastomer may also be used, and polyvinylacetate, polyolefin elastomer, etc. may be mixed in an appropriate ratio. Mixtures are one of the preferred materials.
In the case of the polyvinylacetate, it is not only very excellent in terms of processability, viscosity, and flexibility, but also increases adhesiveness as the content of vinyl acetate increases, so that a material having a high content of vinyl acetate is used. By doing so, the interfacial adhesion can be improved when the plurality of shielding materials are laminated. In the case of the mixture of polyvinylacetate and poly olefin elastomer, the adhesion of the mixture may be controlled by adjusting the ratio of polyvinyl acetate.
The tungsten particles are harmless to the human body and have excellent radiation shielding performance. However, since the tungsten particles have a high density of 19.25 g / cm 3 or more, it is not easy to uniformly disperse them in the polymer resin. Therefore, the particle size of the tungsten powder is preferably 40 microns (um) or less for even dispersion, and when mixing them in the step (a), the rotation speed of the screw of the internal mixer is increased to 90-100rpm to 10-15 It is preferred to mix in minutes.
In the case where the mixture of tungsten powders of different sizes is mixed in the polymer-metal mixture which has been subjected to the step (a), in the step (b), is processed by a roll milling machine to uniformly orient the tungsten particles mixed in the polymer matrix.
In the case of step (b), the temperature of each roll of the roll milling machine may be continuously compressed in a state in which the mixture is attached to a roll having a low temperature by varying the temperature of about 40-50. When processing the metal particles, the roll roll milling machine has a suitable machining time of 10-15 minutes, a distance of 1-2 mm between the rolls, and a rotational speed of 5-7 rpm. The polymer-tungsten particle mixture passed through step (b) or the polymer-tungsten particle mixture passed through step (a) is compressed into a thin sheet by pressing at high temperature and pressure using a hot press in step (c). .
The hot press of step (c) is processed at a temperature of 10-20 lower than the processing temperature of step (a). If the viscosity of the polymer resin in the mixture passed through step (b) is high, the processing temperature of step (c) may be used at a processing temperature equal to or higher than the processing temperature of step (a).
The polymer-tungsten composite material shielding material, which has been subjected to the step (c), is bonded to the tungsten sheet to form a multilayered radiation shielding material. In step (d-1), the polymer-metal composite material shielding material and the tungsten sheet are bonded to the bonding surface. The adhesion of the interface can be improved by irradiating a low energy ion beam, a plasma, or a continuous beam thereof. When the polymer-metal composite material shielding material and the tungsten sheet to be bonded in step (d-1) are irradiated with a low energy ion beam or plasma or a continuous beam thereof, the number of polar functional groups containing oxygen increases. The increased polar functional group improves the adhesive force at the interface between the two sheets to form a stable laminated shield.
The low energy ion beam to be irradiated in the step (d-1) is preferably an argon (Ar) ion beam, and when the ion beam is irradiated, an oxygen gas is injected into the vacuum chamber to further bond to the junction surface of the polymer-metal composite shield and the tungsten sheet. Many polar functional groups can be made. Any kind of plasma may be used when using the plasma in the same step, but its use is preferred because oxygen plasma is more advantageous for surface functionalization.
When irradiating the low-energy ion beam of step (d-1) to the polymer-metal composite material shielding material, it is preferable to set the irradiation time to 2 minutes or less in order to prevent degradation of the polymer and improve adhesion of the interface. The ion beam irradiation time may vary depending on the type of polymer resin to be used in the polymer-metal composite material shielding material.
The low energy ion beam or RF plasma of step (d-1) may be used in place of a continuous process of ion beam and plasma, and the effect is the same as that of the low energy ion beam.
In the case of the polymer-metal composite material shielding material and the tungsten sheet which have been subjected to the step (d-2), the multilayer radiation shielding material is pressed through a hot press while the interface modified by the low energy ion beam or the plasma and their continuous beam is in contact with each other. It can manufacture. Pressing using the hot press of the step (d-2) is carried out at an appropriate temperature and pressure so that the shape of the polymer-metal composite shielding sheet does not change significantly. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention will be described. However, the following examples are merely examples of the present invention and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example
Example 1
100,250 parts by weight of 100um of tungsten metal powder with an average particle size of 100,250 parts by weight, and antioxidant (Naugard445) ) 15 parts by weight, and 20 parts by weight of a lubricant (stearic acid) were prepared.
The polymer resin, tungsten metal powder, and an antioxidant and a lubricant were added to a twin screw internal mixer, and mixed at 100 rpm for 100 to 10 minutes.
To orient in the mixed specimens, the mixed in the internal mixer was repeatedly pressed using a roll milling machine. The temperature of the two rolls was set to 40, 90, and the interval between the two rolls was set to 1 mm, and then processed at a rotation speed of 5 rpm for 10 minutes.
The mixed specimens were pressed for 5 minutes at a pressure of 100 to 7 tons in the middle of a mold having a length of 5 cm and a thickness of 1-5 mm. At this time, the specimen was preheated between the two plates of the hot press for 1 minute before pressing, and after 5 minutes of pressing, the heated two plates were cooled to room temperature for 4 minutes using a water cooling device while maintaining the pressure of the hot press.
Radiation shielding properties were measured using three polymer-metal composite shielding materials of Example 1 prepared according to the above procedure according to experimental conditions. After irradiating X-rays having an absorbed dose of 1 Gy with an acceleration voltage of 150 KV, the dose rates were calculated by dividing the dose after passing through the shielding material by the dose before passage, and are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The results of this table show that the larger the amount of tungsten particles, the smaller the amount of radiation transmitted. It can be seen that the more the shielding material is stacked (the thicker the thickness), the less the radiation is transmitted. In Table 2, the thicker the composite is, the less the radiation is transmitted. The peculiarity can be seen that when the thickness reaches 5mm, the radiation transmittance is near zero.
Particle content
100wt%
250wt%
400 wt%
Radiation transmittance
57%
38%
30%
Composite thickness
1 mm
3 mm
5mm
Radiation transmittance
30%
10%
One%
Comparative Example 1
1 mm of the shielding material of the polymer-tungsten particles prepared in Example 1 was selected to irradiate the argon low energy ion beam with 0.2 mm thick tungsten sheet for 1 minute. The low energy ion beam-irradiated polymer-tungsten particle mixed shield and the tungsten sheet were pressed at a pressure of 20 kgf / cm 2 at a temperature of 50 0 C to form a multilayer radiation shielding material.
Three multi-layered radiation shielding materials prepared through the above process were prepared according to the experimental conditions, and after irradiation with X-rays having an absorbed dose of 1 Gy having an acceleration voltage of 150 KV, respectively, the dose rates were calculated and shown in Table 3 below. At this time, the difference of shielding performance according to the change of the stacking order was also observed.
After the polymer-tungsten shielding material and the tungsten metal plate were bonded together, X-rays of 1 Gy and 150 KV were irradiated to calculate a dose rate, the results are shown in Table 3. In case of tungsten sheet, there is no pinhole, so the amount of radiation transmitted is greatly attenuated, and the transmission amount is 30% when blocked by tungsten plate with 0.2mm thickness. . One thing to note is that the intensity of radiation rapidly decreases when the tungsten sheet is transmitted first, and therefore the amount of radiation that penetrates the composite is further reduced. Even though the tungsten sheet is permeated, it can be seen that the amount of permeation is greater than that of the tungsten sheet first. If the thickness of the tungsten sheet is 0.5mm, the permeation rate of the tungsten sheet / composite shield is reduced to 3% and 1.2%.
Acceleration voltage
Stacking order
P
One
.0
W
0
.2
W 0 .2
P 1 .0
0.2mm
Tungsten sheet
150KV
4.7%
2.0%
30%
Example 2
In Example 1, the tungsten particle size was mixed with 400 parts by weight of 150 microns and 10 microns (um) particles, respectively, and 200 parts by weight of 200 parts by weight of the same process as the same polymer resin to prepare a plate After that, three multi-layered radiation shielding materials prepared by selecting a shielding material having a thickness of 1 mm were prepared according to the experimental conditions. Indicated. From Table 4, it can be seen that when 10um of tungsten particles are added, the amount of transmission is consistently smaller than that of 150um of tungsten particles. When the shielding material is used, it can be seen that the small particles are distributed among the large particles so that the blocking performance is relatively even. However, when the amount of permeated particles is 400wt%, the content of particles increases, so that the particle size effect can be seen to decrease. In other words, even if the large particles overlap with each other, the amount of radiation transmitted is almost the same.
Tungsten Particle Size
Tungsten Particle Weight
100wt%
200 wt%
300wt%
400wt%
150um
6 6
47
37
30
10um
59
41
32
28
150um + 10um
60
44
34
29
The multilayered radiation shielding material produced through the present invention is primarily by uniformly dispersing spherical or amorphous metal powder in an olefin-based elastomer polymer having good flexibility and processability through the above processing process, and uniformly orienting the plate-shaped sender powder. The shielding performance of the penetrated radiation can be improved, and the radiation transmitted through such a polymer-tungsten composite material shielding material has excellent radiation shielding performance by blocking using a bonded tungsten plate. Therefore, the multilayered radiation shielding material of the present invention simultaneously solves the problems of the lead and the single-layered polymer-metal composite shielding material, thereby shielding the radiation generating device from the outside as well as safety clothing to protect the worker from the exposure hazard in the radiation environment. It can be widely used up to structural materials.
None
Claims (4)
[ Claim 5 ]
Step (d) comprises the steps of: (d-1) irradiating a low energy ion beam or plasma or a composite beam thereof to the bonding surface of the polymer-metal composite shield and the tungsten sheet; (d-2) compressing the polymer-tungsten composite material shielding material and the tungsten sheet which have undergone the step (d-1) using a hot press at a temperature of 30 to 130 0 C; Method of manufacturing the shielding material.
[ Claim 6 ]
Method for producing a multilayer radiation shielding material, characterized in that the metal particles contained in the polymer-tungsten composite material shield of claim 4 has a multi-size distribution so that the small particles are distributed between the large particles to attenuate the transmitted radiation.
[ Claim 7 ]
A method of manufacturing a multilayered radiation shielding material, comprising: attenuating the polymer-tungsten particle composite material shielding material of claim 6 with a tungsten sheet to double attenuate the radiation transmitted from the polymer-tungsten composite material shielding material.
[ Claim 8 ]
A radiation shielding material and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein the radiation shielding material is blocked by re-laminating a multilayered radiation shielding material made of a tungsten sheet bonded to the polymer-tungsten particle composite material shielding material of claim 5 or 7.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20160010729A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-28 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Multilayered radiation shielding thin-film composite materials made by uniform or multi-sized non-leaded tungsten particles on which polymers were synthesized for uniform dispersion of the particles in the same polymer or compatible polymer |
| JP2016035397A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-03-17 | 三光医理化株式会社 | Radiation shield resin composition, radiation shield resin material, and radiation shield resin molded product |
| WO2017126905A1 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-27 | 주식회사 바텍 | Radiation-shielding clothing |
| WO2021172760A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-09-02 | 계명대학교 산학협력단 | Micro tungsten-based radiation shielding paper and method for manufacturing same |
-
2011
- 2011-12-30 KR KR1020110146612A patent/KR20130077940A/en active Search and Examination
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20160010729A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-28 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Multilayered radiation shielding thin-film composite materials made by uniform or multi-sized non-leaded tungsten particles on which polymers were synthesized for uniform dispersion of the particles in the same polymer or compatible polymer |
| JP2016035397A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-03-17 | 三光医理化株式会社 | Radiation shield resin composition, radiation shield resin material, and radiation shield resin molded product |
| WO2017126905A1 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-27 | 주식회사 바텍 | Radiation-shielding clothing |
| WO2021172760A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-09-02 | 계명대학교 산학협력단 | Micro tungsten-based radiation shielding paper and method for manufacturing same |
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