KR20120090112A - Polyketone nano-composite - Google Patents
Polyketone nano-composite Download PDFInfo
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- KR20120090112A KR20120090112A KR1020100139297A KR20100139297A KR20120090112A KR 20120090112 A KR20120090112 A KR 20120090112A KR 1020100139297 A KR1020100139297 A KR 1020100139297A KR 20100139297 A KR20100139297 A KR 20100139297A KR 20120090112 A KR20120090112 A KR 20120090112A
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L73/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon in the main chain, not provided for in groups C08L59/00 - C08L71/00; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08G2/00—Addition polymers of aldehydes or cyclic oligomers thereof or of ketones; Addition copolymers thereof with less than 50 molar percent of other substances
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- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/346—Clay
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- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ketones
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 폴리케톤 나노복합체에 관한 것으로서, 상세하게는 알킬디아민기를 말단에 함유한 유기화제로 표면처리된 몬모릴로나이트, 커플링제 및 폴리케톤 수지를 컴파운딩법으로 혼합하여 제조된 폴리케톤 나노복합체에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a polyketone nanocomposite, and more particularly, to a polyketone nanocomposite prepared by mixing montmorillonite, a coupling agent, and a polyketone resin surface-treated with an organic agent containing an alkyldiamine group at the end thereof by a compounding method. will be.
점토 광물을 이용한 고분자 나노복합체 제조기술은, 몬모릴로나이트와 같은 실리케이트 층상 구조를 가진 점토 광물을 나노 스케일의 판상 기본 단위로 박리하여 고분자 수지에 분산시키는 기술로서, 폴리에틸렌이나 폴리프로필렌과 같은 무극성 범용 고분자의 낮은 기계적 물성을 엔지니어링 플라스틱 수준까지 개선시킬 수 있는 방법이다.Polymer nanocomposite manufacturing technology using clay minerals is a technology in which clay minerals having a silicate layered structure such as montmorillonite are peeled into nanoscale plate-based units and dispersed in polymer resins. It is a way to improve the mechanical properties to the level of engineering plastics.
그러나, 상기와 같이 판상의 몬모릴로나이트를 고분자 수지에 박리?분산시키는 것은 매우 힘들기 때문에 이를 해결하기 위하여 저분자량의 유기화제를 점토 광물 사이에 삽입시켜 판상의 실리케이트 간의 간격을 넓힘으로써 고분자 수지의 침투를 용이하게 하는 방법을 이용하고 있다.However, it is very difficult to peel and disperse the plate-shaped montmorillonite into the polymer resin as described above, so to solve this problem, a low-molecular-weight organizing agent is inserted between the clay minerals to widen the gap between the plate-silicate silicates. The method of making it easy is used.
점토 광물을 나노 스케일의 판상 기본 단위로 박리하여 고분자 수지에 분산시키는 방법으로는 용액법, 중합법, 컴파운딩법이 있으며, 이들 중 중합법과 컴파운딩법은 각각 80년대와 90년대에 기초 연구가 진행되어 현재 미국, 일본을 비롯한 서구선진국에서는 상업화까지 이루어진 기술이다.The method of separating clay minerals into nano-scale plate-shaped basic units and dispersing them in a polymer resin includes a solution method, a polymerization method, and a compounding method. Among them, the polymerization method and the compounding method have been studied in the 80s and 90s, respectively. It is a technology that has been commercialized in western developed countries including the United States and Japan.
특히, 컴파운딩법은 용융 상태의 고분자쇄를 점토 광물 실리케이트 층 사이에 삽입시킨 다음 이를 기계적으로 혼합시켜 점토 광물을 분산시키는 기술로서, 1993년 코넬대 연구팀이 폴리스티렌 용융체를 직접 삽입시켜 층간 나노복합체를 제조하였으며, 1997년 일본 토요타 연구소에서 컴파운딩법에 의해 박리형 폴리프로필렌 나노복합체 제조 기술을 발표함으로써 이에 대한 연구가 세계적으로 진행되고 있다.In particular, the compounding method is to insert the polymer chain in the molten state between the clay mineral silicate layer and then mechanically mix it to disperse the clay mineral.In 1993, Cornell's research team inserted polystyrene melt directly to produce interlayer nanocomposites. In 1997, the Toyota Research Institute of Japan announced the technology of manufacturing peelable polypropylene nanocomposites by compounding method.
토요타 연구진의 기술에 의하면, 고분자의 기계적, 열적 특성을 향상시키기 위하여 컴파운딩시 일반적으로 첨가되던 기존의 무기물 충진재들이 고분자 사슬 내에 1마이크로 이상의 입자 크기로 덩어리져 분산되어 있기 때문에, 첨가된 무기물충진재의 양에 비해 기계적, 열적 강도의 향상이 미약한 단점을 개선할 수 있었다.According to Toyota's technique, the conventional inorganic fillers, which are usually added during compounding to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the polymer, are agglomerated and dispersed in the polymer chain with a particle size of 1 micron or more. Compared with the amount, the improvement of the mechanical and thermal strength was weak.
최근 이러한 나노복합체를 제조하는 종래 기술을 살펴보면, 한국 공개특허 10-2010-0022723에 따르면 나일론 66에 유기화 처리된 나노 클레이 물질을 혼합하고 강한 전단력을 이용하여 나노 클레이층 사이에 고분자를 삽입시키는 컴파운딩 방법을 이용하여 기계적 물성을 향상시킬 수 있었다.Looking at the prior art for producing such a nanocomposite, according to Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0022723 compounding the organic clay-treated nanoclay material in nylon 66 and compounding the polymer between the nanoclay layer using a strong shear force By using the method it was possible to improve the mechanical properties.
상기의 여러 선행 방법들은 충격 강도가 떨어지는 단점이 있고, 글리콜에 침투시 물성이 현저히 저하되는 단점이 있다.Many of the preceding methods have a disadvantage in that impact strength is low, and physical properties are significantly reduced when penetrated into glycol.
본 발명은 알킬기의 양 말단에 반응성이 우수한 아민기를 함유한 유기화제로 표면처리된 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트를 사용하여 신도 및 충격 강도가 개선된 폴리케톤 나노복합체를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.An object of the present invention is to provide a polyketone nanocomposite having improved elongation and impact strength by using organicized montmorillonite surface-treated with an organic agent containing an amine group having excellent reactivity at both ends of an alkyl group.
상기한 과제를 해결하기 위하여, 본 발명의 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 전체 나노복합체 중량에 대하여 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트 2~10 중량%, 커플링제 0.5 내지 5중량% 및 폴리케톤 수지 85~97.5중량%를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리케톤 나노복합체를 제공한다.In order to solve the above problems, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 2 to 10% by weight of organicated montmorillonite, 0.5 to 5% by weight of coupling agent and 85 to 97.5% by weight of polyketone resin based on the total nanocomposite weight It provides a polyketone nanocomposite characterized in that.
본 발명의 다른 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 상기 나노복합체는 신도 7.0~30.0%, 충격강도 7.0~30.0 kg?cm/cm, 및 굴곡탄성률 15,000~30,000 kg/㎠인 것을 특징으로 한다.According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the nanocomposite is characterized in that the elongation 7.0 ~ 30.0%, the impact strength 7.0 ~ 30.0 kg ~ cm / cm, and the flexural modulus of 15,000 ~ 30,000 kg / ㎠.
본 발명의 또 다른 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 상기 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트는 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 알킬디아민기를 말단에 함유한 유기화제로 표면처리된 것인 것을 특징으로 한다.According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the organicized montmorillonite is characterized in that the surface treated with an organic agent containing an alkyldiamine group represented by the formula (1) at the end.
[화학식 1][Formula 1]
H2N(CH2)nNH2 H 2 N (CH 2 ) n NH 2
상기에서 n은 6 내지 20의 정수이다.N is an integer of 6 to 20 in the above.
본 발명의 또 다른 적절한 실시 형태에 따르면, 상기 커플링제는 무수말레인산(maleic anhydride)이 그라프트된 폴리올레핀계 커플링제인 것을 특징으로한다.According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the coupling agent is characterized in that the polyolefin-based coupling agent grafted with maleic anhydride.
본 발명에서 제조된 폴리케톤 나노복합체는 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트 및 커플링제가 포함되어 있어서 신도 및 충격 강도가 개선된다. 본 발명의 나노복합체는 자동차 외장 부품 중 내충격성을 요구하는 자동차 휠커버 부품으로 바람직하게 사용할 수 있다.The polyketone nanocomposites prepared in the present invention include organicated montmorillonite and coupling agents to improve elongation and impact strength. The nanocomposite of the present invention can be preferably used as an automobile wheel cover part that requires impact resistance among automotive exterior parts.
이하에서 발명을 더욱 상세하게 설명한다.The invention is described in more detail below.
본 발명에 따른 폴리케톤 나노복합체는 유기화제로 표면처리된 몬모릴로나이트 및 커플링제를 폴리케톤과 컴파운딩법을 통해 용융 혼합하여 제조된다.
The polyketone nanocomposite according to the present invention is prepared by melting and mixing montmorillonite and a coupling agent surface-treated with an organic agent through polyketone through compounding.
본 발명의 폴리케톤 나노복합체를 제조하기 위하여, 먼저 알킬디아민기를 말단에 함유한 유기화제로 표면처리하여 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트를 제조해야 한다.In order to prepare the polyketone nanocomposites of the present invention, first, an organic montmorillonite should be prepared by surface treatment with an organic agent containing an alkyldiamine group at the terminal.
상기에서 사용된 알킬디아민 타입의 유기화제는 다음 화학식 1로 나타낸바와 같이, 알킬기의 양 말단에 반응성이 우수한 아민기가 결합되어 있기 때문에, 본 발명에서 사용되는 커플링제 내의 무수말레인산기(maleic anhydride)와의 반응성이 우수하여 최종 제조된 나노복합체의 신도 및 충격 강도의 개선 효과가 뛰어나다. The alkylating agent of the alkyldiamine type used in the above is as shown in the following formula (1), because the amine group having excellent reactivity is bonded to both ends of the alkyl group, and the maleic anhydride group (maleic anhydride) in the coupling agent used in the present invention Excellent reactivity is excellent in improving the elongation and impact strength of the final nanocomposite prepared.
[화학식 1][Formula 1]
(H2N(CH2)12NH2)(H 2 N (CH 2 ) 12 NH 2 )
상기에서, n은 6 내지 20의 정수이다.In the above, n is an integer of 6 to 20.
한편, 상기와 같은 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트는 전체 나노복합체 중량대비 2~10 중량%를 혼합하는 것이 바람직하다. 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트의 함량이 2중량% 미만이면 나노 점토 광물의 분산이 너무 활발하여 굴곡탄성률이 저하되는 문제가 있고, 10 중량%를 초과하는 경우 나노복합체의 신도와 충격 강도가 떨어지는 문제점이 있기 때문이다.
On the other hand, the organicized montmorillonite as described above is preferably mixed 2 to 10% by weight relative to the total nanocomposite weight. If the content of organicized montmorillonite is less than 2% by weight, the dispersion of nano clay minerals is so active that the flexural modulus is lowered, and when it exceeds 10% by weight, the elongation and impact strength of the nanocomposite are deteriorated. .
본 발명에서 상기 커플링제는 베이스 고분자인 폴리케톤 수지와 무기충진재인 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트 간의 상용성을 증진시킬 목적으로 사용된다.In the present invention, the coupling agent is used for the purpose of enhancing the compatibility between the polyketone resin which is a base polymer and the organicized montmorillonite which is an inorganic filler.
구체적으로는 수평균 분자량이 10,000 이하인 올레핀계 올리고머 수지에 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트의 표면과 베이스 고분자인 폴리케톤 수지를 화학적으로 결합시킬 수 있는 무수말레인산이 그라프트된 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 올레핀계 올리고머 수지의 수평균 분자량이 10,000을 초과할 경우에는 베이스 고분자인 폴리케톤 수지와의 상용성이 떨어져 신도와 충격 강도가 낮아지는 문제가 있다.Specifically, it is preferable to use a grafted maleic anhydride capable of chemically bonding the surface of the montmorillonite organicated to the olefin oligomer resin having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and the polyketone resin as the base polymer. When the number average molecular weight of the olefin-based oligomer resin exceeds 10,000, there is a problem that the elongation and impact strength are lowered because the compatibility with the polyketone resin as the base polymer is poor.
본 발명에서 커플링제는 전체 나노복합체 중량대비 0.5~5 중량% 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 발명에서는 수평균 분자량이 5,700인 이스트만사의 에폴렌 C-18(Epolene C-18)을 사용하였다.In the present invention, the coupling agent is preferably used 0.5 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the nanocomposite. In the present invention, Eastman's Epolene C-18 having a number average molecular weight of 5,700 was used.
상기 커플링제의 첨가량이 0.5중량% 미만인 경우 첨가량이 미비해 신도와 충격 강도의 개선효과가 미흡하며, 5 중량%를 초과하는 경우 굴곡탄성률이 낮아져 나노 복합체로서의 목적을 달성할 수 없는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 커플링제의 첨가량은 전체 나노복합체 100 중량%에 대하여 0.5~5중량%인 것이 바람직하다.
When the amount of the coupling agent is less than 0.5% by weight, the addition amount is insufficient, and the effect of improving elongation and impact strength is insufficient. When the amount of the coupling agent is more than 5% by weight, the flexural modulus is lowered, so that the purpose of the nanocomposite cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is preferable that the addition amount of a coupling agent is 0.5 to 5 weight% with respect to 100 weight% of all nanocomposites.
본 발명의 나노복합체의 베이스 고분자인 폴리케톤 수지는 통상의 것을 사용할 수 있으며, 통상적으로 폴리케톤 수지는 220℃ 융점을 가진다. 본 발명에서 폴리케톤 수지는 전체 나노복합체 중량 대비 85~97.5중량%인 것이 바람직하다. The polyketone resin which is a base polymer of the nanocomposite of the present invention can be used a conventional one, and typically the polyketone resin has a melting point of 220 ℃. In the present invention, the polyketone resin is preferably 85 to 97.5% by weight relative to the total nanocomposite weight.
한편, 본 발명의 목적을 손상하지 않는 범위 내에서 열안정제, 이형제, 내후제 또는 안료 등을 첨가할 수 있다. 이와 같이 얻어진 나노복합체는 신도와 충격강도 등의 기계적 물성이 우수해진다.
On the other hand, a heat stabilizer, a releasing agent, a weathering agent, or a pigment can be added within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. The nanocomposite thus obtained is excellent in mechanical properties such as elongation and impact strength.
본 발명의 폴리케톤 나노복합체의 제조 과정은 다음과 같다.The production process of the polyketone nanocomposites of the present invention is as follows.
먼저 이축 압출기를 이용하여 폴리케톤 수지, 커플링제 및 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트를 투입하여 용융 혼련시켜 칩(CHIP) 형태로 제조한다. 제조된 칩을 건조시킨 다음, 스크류식 사출기를 이용하여 각각의 시편을 제작한다.
First, a polyketone resin, a coupling agent, and organicized montmorillonite are added and melt kneaded using a twin screw extruder to prepare a chip (CHIP). After drying the prepared chip, each specimen is manufactured using a screw-type injection machine.
제작된 시편의 물성평가는 다음과 같은 방법으로 수행한다.Evaluation of physical properties of the fabricated specimens is carried out as follows.
1) 신도 : ASTM D638에 준하여 1/8 인치의 덤벨형 시편을 제작한 후, 50mm/분의 속도에서 측정하였다.1) Elongation: Dumbbell-type specimens of 1/8 inch were prepared according to ASTM D638, and measured at a speed of 50 mm / min.
2) 충격 강도 : ASTM D256에 준하여 1/4 인치의 시편을 제작하여 상온에서 아이조드 노치(Izod Notched) 충격강도를 측정하였다.2) Impact strength: According to ASTM D256, 1/4 inch specimens were prepared, and the Izod Notched impact strength was measured at room temperature.
3) 굴곡탄성률 : ASTM D790에 준하여 1/4 인치의 시편을 제작한 후, 5mm/분의 속도에서 측정하였다.
3) Flexural modulus: A 1/4 inch specimen was prepared according to ASTM D790, and measured at a speed of 5 mm / min.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예에 의하여 상세히 설명하지만, 본 발명이 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것은 아니다.
Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited by an Example.
실시예 1 ~ 4Examples 1-4
폴리케톤 고분자 수지, 에폴렌 C-18 커플링제 및 도데실디아민(H2N(CH2)12NH2)으로 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트를 245℃로 가열된 이축 압출기 내에서 용융 혼련하여 칩(chip) 형태로 제조하였다. 폴리케톤, 커플링제 및 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트의 조성 및 함량은 다음 표 1과 같다. 또한 각 실시예에서 사용된 유기화제는 Nanom® 1.30P(Nanocor Inc. (USA) 제조)이다. 제조된 칩은 제습형 건조기를 사용하여 5시간 동안 건조시킨 다음, 가열된 스크류식 사출기를 이용하여 용융 혼련과 같은 온도(245℃)에서 시편을 제작하였다.Chip form by melt kneading of polyketone polymer resin, epylene C-18 coupling agent and dodecyldiamine (H 2 N (CH 2 ) 12 NH 2 ) in a twin screw extruder heated to 245 ° C It was prepared with. The composition and content of the polyketone, the coupling agent, and the organicized montmorillonite are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, the organic agent used in each Example is Nanom ® 1.30P manufactured by Nanocor Inc. (USA). The prepared chip was dried for 5 hours using a dehumidifying dryer, and then a specimen was prepared at the same temperature (245 ° C.) as melt kneading using a heated screw-type injection machine.
제작된 시편을 이용하여 상기와 같은 방법으로 신도, 충격 강도, 굴곡탄성률 등을 측정하였으며, 그 결과는 다음 표 1에 나타내었다.Elongation, impact strength, flexural modulus, etc. were measured in the same manner as above using the prepared specimens, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
(중량%)Polyketone
(weight%)
(2,820g)94
(2,820 g)
(2,700g)90
(2,700 g)
(2,760g)92
(2,760 g)
(2,640g)88
(2,640 g)
(중량%)Eploene C-18
(weight%)
(60g)2
(60 g)
(60g)2
(60 g)
(120g)4
(120 g)
(120g)4
(120 g)
(중량%)Montmorillonite
(weight%)
(120g)4
(120 g)
(240g)8
(240 g)
(120g)4
(120 g)
(240g)8
(240 g)
(%)Shindo
(%)
(kg?f?㎝/㎝)Impact strength
(kg? f? cm / cm)
(kg?f/㎠)Flexural modulus
(kg? f / ㎠)
비교예 1 ~ 4Comparative Examples 1 to 4
폴리케톤 고분자 수지 및 에폴렌 C-18 커플링제를 포함하는 나노복합체를 실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 제조하였다. 나노복합체의 각 성분의 함량은 다음 표 2과 같으며, 물성 평가 결과를 표 2에 나타내었다.A nanocomposite containing a polyketone polymer resin and an epylene C-18 coupling agent was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. The content of each component of the nanocomposite is shown in Table 2, and the results of the physical property evaluation are shown in Table 2.
(중량%)Polyketone
(weight%)
(2,940g)98
(2,940 g)
(2,880g)96
(2,880 g)
(2,820g)94
(2,820 g)
(2,700g)90
(2,700 g)
(중량%)Eploene C-18
(weight%)
(60g)2
(60 g)
(120g)4
(120 g)
(180g)6
(180 g)
(30g)10
(30 g)
(%)Shindo
(%)
(kg?f?㎝/㎝)Impact strength
(kg? f? cm / cm)
(kg?f/㎠)Flexural modulus
(kg? f / ㎠)
상기 표 1와 2에 나타낸 것처럼, 본 발명의 폴리케톤 나노복합체는 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트를 사용하지 않은 나노복합체와 비교하여 신도 및 충격 강도가 우수한 것을 확인할 수 있다.As shown in Table 1 and 2, it can be confirmed that the polyketone nanocomposite of the present invention is superior in elongation and impact strength as compared to the nanocomposites that do not use the organic montmorillonite.
Claims (4)
상기 나노복합체는 신도 7.0~30.0%, 충격강도 7.0~30.0 kg?cm/cm, 및 굴곡탄성률 15,000~30,000 kg/㎠인 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리케톤 나노복합체.The method according to claim 1,
The nanocomposite is a polyketone nanocomposite, characterized in that the elongation 7.0 ~ 30.0%, impact strength 7.0 ~ 30.0 kg? Cm / cm, and flexural modulus of 15,000 ~ 30,000 kg / ㎠.
상기 유기화된 몬모릴로나이트는 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 알킬디아민기를 말단에 함유한 유기화제로 표면처리된 것인 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리케톤 나노 복합체.
[화학식 1]
H2N(CH2)nNH2
(상기에서 n은 6 내지 20의 정수이다.)The method according to claim 1,
The organic montmorillonite is a polyketone nanocomposite, characterized in that the surface treated with an organic agent containing an alkyldiamine group represented by the formula (1) at the end.
[Formula 1]
H 2 N (CH 2 ) n NH 2
(Where n is an integer of 6 to 20).
상기 커플링제는 무수말레인산(maleic anhydride)이 그라프트된 폴리올레핀계 커플링제인 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리케톤 나노복합체.The method according to claim 1,
The coupling agent is a polyketone nanocomposite, characterized in that the maleic anhydride (grafted polyolefin-based coupling agent).
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| KR20050030818A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | 이중희 | Manufacturing method of polyethylene composite materials containing lipophilic nano-clay |
| KR20050041214A (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-04 | 주식회사 효성 | Method for producing organized montmorillonite |
| KR20100078821A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-08 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Phosphorus-based polyolefin flame retardant composition containing nanoclay |
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| KR20050030818A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-03-31 | 이중희 | Manufacturing method of polyethylene composite materials containing lipophilic nano-clay |
| KR20050041214A (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-04 | 주식회사 효성 | Method for producing organized montmorillonite |
| KR20100078821A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-08 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Phosphorus-based polyolefin flame retardant composition containing nanoclay |
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