KR20120085370A - Hybrid system based on Hydrostatic transmission - Google Patents

Hybrid system based on Hydrostatic transmission Download PDF

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KR20120085370A
KR20120085370A KR1020110006643A KR20110006643A KR20120085370A KR 20120085370 A KR20120085370 A KR 20120085370A KR 1020110006643 A KR1020110006643 A KR 1020110006643A KR 20110006643 A KR20110006643 A KR 20110006643A KR 20120085370 A KR20120085370 A KR 20120085370A
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South Korea
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controller
engine
gear train
drive shaft
electronic device
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KR1020110006643A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101666689B1 (en
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고현기
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두산인프라코어 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/30—Control strategies involving selection of transmission gear ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A hybrid system based on HST is provided to minimize the size of electronic equipment which operates as an engine, a motor, and a generator by creating high torque. CONSTITUTION: A hybrid system based on HST comprises a battery(15), a controller(11), a HST unit(30), a first gear train(7), a second gear train(8), a first electronic device(9), and a second electronic device(22). The controller charges current in the battery and monitors the signal from each sensor. A HST unit is installed between the output shaft(1a) of an engine(1) and the driving shaft(4) of a differential unit(6). The HST unit controls a gear ratio. The first gear train is connected to the output shaft of an engine. The second gear train is connected to the driving shaft of a differential unit. The first electronic device is installed in the driving shaft connected to the first gear train.

Description

ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템{Hybrid system based on Hydrostatic transmission}Hybrid system based on Hydrostatic transmission

본 발명은 HST(Hydrostatic transmission) 기반의 하이브리드 시스템에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 변속비를 극대화시켜 엔진 회전수(rpm)를 줄이는 효과를 얻고 고출력 토크의 발생을 가능하게 하여 엔진 및/또는 모터의 사이즈를 최소화할 수 있는 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a hybrid system based on a hydrostatic transmission (HST), and more particularly, to maximize the speed ratio to reduce the engine speed (rpm) and to generate a high output torque to enable the size of the engine and / or motor It relates to a HTS-based hybrid system that can minimize the.

일반적으로, 지게차(forklift truck), 로더(loader) 등과 같은 중장비는 연료의 연소에 의해 동력을 발생시키는 엔진(또는 내연기관)식 구동방식으로 작동되고, 엔진의 가동 시 연료의 연소로 발생되는 배기가스 중에는 유해성분이 포함되어 있어 환경오염을 가중시키고 있다.In general, heavy equipment such as forklift trucks, loaders, etc. are operated by an engine (or internal combustion engine) driving method that generates power by combustion of fuel, and exhaust generated by combustion of fuel when the engine is operated. The gas contains harmful components, adding to environmental pollution.

근래에는 위와 같은 환경오염 문제의 해결과 더불어 연비의 향상 등을 위해 엔진에 의해 동력을 발생시킴과 함께, 주행 시 제동 등에 따른 관성력을 전기적인 에너지로 저장 및 재생시켜 사용할 수 있는 하이브리드 방식의 중장비의 개발이 진행되어 오고 있다.Recently, the hybrid type heavy equipment which can generate power by the engine to solve the above environmental pollution problem and improve fuel economy, and store and regenerate the inertial force due to braking while driving as electric energy. Development is in progress.

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 하이브리드 지게차 시스템을 보여주는 개략 도해도이다.1 is a schematic diagram showing a hybrid forklift system according to the prior art.

종래 기술에 따른 하이브리드 지게차 시스템은 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 엔진(1)의 출력축(1a)과 연결되는 토크컨버터(2)와, 상기 토크컨버터(2)에 연결되는 유체클러치(FNR Clutch)(3)와, 상기 유체클러치(3)와 구동축(4)을 매개로 하여 연결되고 양측의 두 구동휠(5)을 회전시키는 차동장치(6)를 포함한다.As shown in FIG. 1, the hybrid forklift system according to the related art has a torque converter 2 connected to an output shaft 1a of the engine 1, and a fluid clutch FNR clutch connected to the torque converter 2. (3) and a differential device (6) connected via the fluid clutch (3) and the drive shaft (4) and rotating two drive wheels (5) on both sides.

또한 상기 엔진(1)과 상기 토크컨버터(2) 사이에 위치한 상기 엔진의 출력축(1a)에는 제1 기어트레인(7)이 설치되고, 상기 유체클러치(3)와 상기 차동장치(6) 사이에 위치한 상기 구동축(4)에는 제2 기어트레인(8)이 설치되어 있다.In addition, a first gear train 7 is installed on the output shaft 1a of the engine located between the engine 1 and the torque converter 2, and between the fluid clutch 3 and the differential device 6. A second gear train 8 is provided on the drive shaft 4 located.

상기 제1 기어트레인(7)의 일측에는 구동축(4a)이 또한 설치되며, 상기 구동축(4a)의 일단에는 모터와 발전기로 각각 작동 가능한 제1 전자기기(9)가 연결되고 타단에는 기어펌프(10)가 구비된다. 상기 제1 전자기기(9)는 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)는 액셀페달(12), 브레이크페달(13) 및 변속기레버(FNR Lever)(14)측의 각각의 센서로부터 동작신호를 수신하며, 또한 배터리(15)와 연결되어 있다. 또한 상기 컨트롤러(11)는 밸브컨트롤러(16)와 연결되고 상기 밸브컨트롤러(16)는 작업기 조절레버(Finger tip lever)(17)측의 센서와 전기적으로 연결되어 있다. 상기 기어펌프(10)는 메인컨트롤밸브장치(18)와 연결되고 상기 메인컨트롤밸브장치(18)는 틸트실린더(19), 리프트실린더(20) 및 조향실린더(21)와 각각 연결되어 있다.One side of the first gear train 7 is also provided with a drive shaft 4a, one end of the drive shaft 4a is connected to the first electronic device 9, each of which can be operated as a motor and a generator, and the other end of the gear pump ( 10) is provided. The first electronic device 9 is controlled by the controller 11 and the controller 11 is connected to the respective sensors on the accelerator pedal 12, the brake pedal 13 and the transmission lever (FNR Lever) 14 side. It receives an operation signal and is also connected to the battery 15. In addition, the controller 11 is connected to the valve controller 16, the valve controller 16 is electrically connected to the sensor on the side of the work tip control lever (Finger tip lever) (17). The gear pump 10 is connected to the main control valve device 18 and the main control valve device 18 is connected to the tilt cylinder 19, the lift cylinder 20 and the steering cylinder 21, respectively.

상기 제2 기어트레인(8)의 일측에는 구동축(4b)이 설치되며, 상기 구동축(4b)의 일단에는 모터와 발전기로 각각 작동 가능한 제2 전자기기(22)가 연결되고 상기 제2 전자기기(22)는 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어된다. 또한 상기 컨트롤러(11)는 상기 유체클러치(3) 및 상기 차동장치(6)와 각각 전기적으로 연결된다.
A drive shaft 4b is installed at one side of the second gear train 8, and one end of the drive shaft 4b is connected with a second electronic device 22, each operable as a motor and a generator, and connected to the second electronic device ( 22 is controlled by the controller 11. In addition, the controller 11 is electrically connected to the fluid clutch 3 and the differential device 6, respectively.

위와 같이 구성된 종래 기술에 따른 하이브리드 지게차 시스템의 작동에 대해 도 1을 참조하여 설명한다.The operation of the hybrid forklift system according to the related art configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

중장비 차량이 전진 주행하는 경우, 액셀페달(12)측의 센서로부터의 동작신호와 변속기레버(14)측의 센서로부터의 전진신호가 컨트롤러(인버터 기능 포함)(11)에 수신되면, 배터리(15)에 충전된 전기가 상기 컨트롤러(11)의 제어를 통해 제1 전자기기(9)와 제2 전자기기(22)를 구동시켜 차량의 시동이 걸리게 된다. 이어서 주행의 시작으로 차량이 임의속도에 도달하면 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 엔진(1)이 구동되고 상기 엔진(1)으로부터 발생되는 동력은 토크컨버터(2)와 유체클러치(3)를 거쳐 차동장치(6)에 전달되어 차량의 양측 구동휠(5)을 회전시킨다.When the heavy-duty vehicle travels forward, when the operation signal from the sensor on the accelerator pedal 12 side and the forward signal from the sensor on the transmission lever 14 side are received by the controller (including the inverter function) 11, the battery 15 ) Is charged into the vehicle to drive the first electronic device 9 and the second electronic device 22 through the control of the controller 11 to start the vehicle. Subsequently, when the vehicle reaches an arbitrary speed at the start of driving, the engine 1 is driven by the controller 11, and the power generated from the engine 1 is differentially transmitted via the torque converter 2 and the fluid clutch 3. It is transmitted to the device 6 to rotate both drive wheels 5 of the vehicle.

차량이 임의속도에 도달하여 정속주행하는 경우, 상기 엔진(1)의 일부 동력은 제1 기어트레인(7)을 통해 상기 제1 전자기기(9)를 가동시켜 상기 제1 전자기기(9)에서 발생되는 전류를 상기 컨트롤러(11)를 통해 배터리(15)에 충전시킨다. 상기 배터리(15)의 충전이 일정수준에 도달하면 상기 엔진(1)의 동력에 의한 전류발생은 중단되고 상기 배터리(15)의 충전상태가 임의수준 아래로 떨어지게 되면 상기 엔진(1)의 동력에 의한 전류발생은 다시 시작된다.When the vehicle reaches a predetermined speed and runs at constant speed, some power of the engine 1 is driven by the first electronic device 9 through the first gear train 7 so that The generated current is charged in the battery 15 through the controller 11. When the charging of the battery 15 reaches a certain level, current generation by the power of the engine 1 is stopped, and when the state of charge of the battery 15 falls below an arbitrary level, the power of the engine 1 is reduced. The current generation by this is restarted.

작업기를 작동시키는 경우, 작업기 조절레버(17)측의 센서로부터의 동작신호가 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 수신되면 상기 제1 전자기기(9)는 상기 컨트롤러(11)의 제어를 통해 기어펌프(10)를 구동시킨다. 이때, 작업부하가 큰 경우 상기 엔진(1)의 동력이 추가적으로 제1 기어트레인(7)에 제공되고 상기 기어펌프(10)는 상기 엔진(1)으로부터 상기 제1 기어트레인(7)을 통해 동력을 제공받아 작동유를 메인컨트롤밸브장치(18)를 통해 작업기에 공급하게 된다. 이때 차량의 주행(전진 또는 후진) 시 유체클러치(3)는 중립상태로 복귀되며, 토크컨버터(2)를 경유한 동력은 차동장치(6)측으로 전달되지 않고 상기 액셀페달(12)측 센서로부터의 동작신호에 의해 상기 제2 전자기기(22)가 구동되어 차량은 전진 또는 후진되게 된다.In the case of operating the work machine, when an operation signal from the sensor on the work machine control lever 17 side is received by the controller 11, the first electronic device 9 controls the gear pump 10 through the control of the controller 11. ). In this case, when the workload is large, power of the engine 1 is additionally provided to the first gear train 7, and the gear pump 10 is powered from the engine 1 through the first gear train 7. The hydraulic fluid is supplied to the work machine through the main control valve device 18. At this time, when the vehicle is driven (forward or backward), the fluid clutch 3 is returned to the neutral state, and the power via the torque converter 2 is not transmitted to the differential device 6 side from the sensor of the accelerator pedal 12 side. The second electronic device 22 is driven by the operation signal of the vehicle to move forward or backward.

브레이크페달을 밟는 경우, 브레이크페달(13)을 밟게 되면 상기 브레이크페달(13)측의 센서로부터의 동작신호가 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 수신되어 상기 유체클러치(3)는 상기 컨트롤러(11)의 제어에 의해 중립상태로 되고 제동에너지는 제2 전자기기(22)에 흡수되고 상기 제2 전자기기(22)의 발전기 역할에 의해 회수되는 전류는 상기 컨트롤러(11)를 통해 배터리(15)에 저장된다. 차량의 실내 저속 주행 시 엔진(1)은 정지상태(no emission)가 되고 차량은 상기 배터리(15)로부터 공급되는 전류에 의해 상기 제1 및 제2 전자기기(9,22)를 통해 주행될 수 있게 된다.When the brake pedal is stepped on, when the brake pedal 13 is stepped on, an operation signal from the sensor on the brake pedal 13 side is received by the controller 11 so that the fluid clutch 3 controls the controller 11. By the neutral state and the braking energy is absorbed by the second electronic device 22 and the current recovered by the generator role of the second electronic device 22 is stored in the battery 15 through the controller 11. . When the vehicle runs at low speed indoors, the engine 1 becomes no emission and the vehicle may be driven through the first and second electronic devices 9 and 22 by the current supplied from the battery 15. Will be.

그러나, 종래 기술에 따른 하이브리드 지게차는 엔진(1)과 차동장치(6) 사이에 토크컨버터(2)와 유체클러치(3)가 설치되는 구조이었기 때문에, 변속비를 극대화시킬 수 없어 엔진 회전수(rpm)가 크고 고출력 토크를 발생시킬 수 없으며, 엔진 및/또는 모터의 사이즈가 커 중장비의 콤팩트화를 방해하는 문제가 있다.However, since the hybrid forklift according to the related art has a structure in which the torque converter 2 and the fluid clutch 3 are installed between the engine 1 and the differential device 6, the speed ratio cannot be maximized and the engine speed (rpm ) And a large output torque cannot be generated, and the size of the engine and / or motor is large, which hinders the compactness of heavy equipment.

이에, 본 발명은 전술한 바와 같은 문제점들을 해소하기 위해 안출된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 변속비를 극대화시켜 엔진 회전수(rpm)를 줄이는 효과를 얻고 고출력 토크의 발생을 가능하게 하여 엔진 및/또는 모터와 발전기의 역할을 하는 전자기기의 사이즈를 최소화할 수 있는 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템을 제공하는 것이다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, the object of the present invention is to maximize the speed ratio to obtain the effect of reducing the engine speed (rpm) and to enable the generation of high output torque engine and / or It is to provide an HTS-based hybrid system that can minimize the size of electronic devices that act as motors and generators.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 모터와 발전기의 역할을 하는 전자기기의 사이즈를 최소화시켜 컨트롤러와 전자기기의 작동전압을 저전압으로 전환시키고 이를 통해 시스템의 안정성을 제고하고 배터리의 사이즈를 줄일 수 있게 하며, 나아가 시스템의 신뢰도 확보를 보다 용이하게 하는 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to minimize the size of the electronic device to act as a motor and a generator to convert the operating voltage of the controller and the electronic device to a low voltage, thereby improving the stability of the system and to reduce the size of the battery, further It is to provide a HTS-based hybrid system that makes it easier to secure the reliability of the system.

전술한 목적을 달성하기 위해, 본 발명은 배터리;In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a battery;

상기 배터리에 전류를 충전시키는 기능을 수행하며, 변속기레버, 액셀페달, 브레이크페달 및 작업기 조절레버측의 각각의 센서로부터 발생되는 신호를 모니터링하여 기 설정 제어신호를 발생시키는 컨트롤러;A controller which performs a function of charging a current to the battery, and generates a preset control signal by monitoring a signal generated from each sensor of a transmission lever, an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, and a work machine control lever;

엔진의 출력축과 양측 구동휠을 회전시키는 차동장치의 구동축 사이에 설치되고 상기 컨트롤러에 의해 제어되어 변속비를 증감시키는 HST(Hydrostatic transmission) 유닛;A hydrostatic transmission unit (HST) installed between an output shaft of an engine and a drive shaft of a differential device for rotating both driving wheels and controlled by the controller to increase or decrease a speed ratio;

상기 엔진의 출력축과 연결되는 제1 기어트레인 및 상기 차동장치의 구동축과 연결되는 제2 기어트레인;A first gear train connected to an output shaft of the engine and a second gear train connected to a drive shaft of the differential device;

상기 제1 기어트레인에 연결된 구동축의 일단에 제공되고 상기 컨트롤러에 의해 제어되는 제1 전자기기 및 상기 제2 기어트레인에 연결된 구동축의 일단에 제공되고 상기 컨트롤러에 의해 제어되는 제2 전자기기; 및A first electronic device provided at one end of the drive shaft connected to the first gear train and controlled by the controller and a second electronic device provided at one end of the drive shaft connected to the second gear train and controlled by the controller; And

상기 제1 기어트레인에 연결된 구동축의 타단에 연결되고 작업기를 위한 메인컨트롤밸브장치로 압유를 공급하는 기어펌프;를 포함하는 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템을 제공한다.And a gear pump connected to the other end of the drive shaft connected to the first gear train and supplying pressure oil to a main control valve device for a work machine.

또한, 본 발명은 위의 본 발명의 일실시예에 대하여 다음의 구체적인 실시예들을 더 제공한다.In addition, the present invention further provides the following specific embodiments of the above-described embodiment of the present invention.

본 발명의 일실시예에 따르면, 상기 HST 유닛은 상기 엔진의 출력축의 선단부에 연결되고 상기 컨트롤러에 의해 제어되는 제1 가변펌프와, 상기 차동장치의 구동축의 선단부에 연결되고 상기 컨트롤러에 의해 제어되며, 상기 제1 가변펌프와 폐회로 형태로 연결되는 제2 가변펌프를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.According to one embodiment of the invention, the HST unit is connected to the front end of the output shaft of the engine and controlled by the controller and the first variable pump, the front end of the drive shaft of the differential device and is controlled by the controller And a second variable pump connected to the first variable pump in a closed circuit form.

본 발명은 엔진의 출력축과 양측 구동휠을 회전시키는 차동장치의 구동축 사이에 HST(Hydrostatic transmission) 유닛을 제공하여, 상기 HST 유닛을 통해 변속비를 극대화시켜 엔진 회전수(rpm)를 줄이는 효과를 얻고 고출력 토크의 발생을 가능하게 하여 엔진 및/또는 모터와 발전기의 역할을 하는 전자기기의 사이즈를 최소화할 수 있게 한다.The present invention provides a hydrostatic transmission unit (HST) between the output shaft of the engine and the drive shaft of the differential device for rotating both drive wheels, to maximize the speed ratio through the HST unit to obtain the effect of reducing the engine speed (rpm) and high power This allows the generation of torque, which minimizes the size of the engine and / or the electronics acting as motors and generators.

또한 본 발명은 전술한 바와 같은 HST 유닛의 적용으로 모터와 발전기의 역할을 하는 전자기기의 사이즈를 최소화할 수 있게 하여 컨트롤러와 전자기기의 작동전압을 저전압으로 전환시켜 시스템의 안정성을 제고하고 배터리의 사이즈를 줄일 수 있게 하며, 나아가 시스템의 신뢰도 확보를 보다 용이하게 한다.In addition, the present invention can minimize the size of the electronic device to act as a motor and a generator by applying the HST unit as described above to convert the operating voltage of the controller and the electronic device to a low voltage to improve the stability of the system and The size can be reduced, and furthermore, the reliability of the system can be more easily achieved.

또한 본 발명은 작동전압을 80V 이하 수준의 저전압으로 가능하게 하여 제1 및 제2 전자기기를 갖는 기존 지게차에도 적용할 수 있게 함으로써, 부품확보의 편리성을 높이고 신뢰도 확보도 용이하게 한다.In addition, the present invention can be applied to the existing forklift having the first and second electronic devices by enabling the operating voltage to a low voltage level of 80V or less, thereby increasing the convenience of securing parts and ensuring reliability.

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 하이브리드 지게차 시스템을 보여주는 개략 도해도.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템을 보여주는 개략 도해도.1 is a schematic diagram showing a hybrid forklift system according to the prior art.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing an HST-based hybrid system according to the present invention.

이하, 본 발명에 따른 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템의 실시예를 도 2를 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, an embodiment of an HST-based hybrid system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

본 발명에 따른 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템은 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 크게 배터리(15), 컨트롤러(인버터 기능 포함)(11), HST 유닛(30), 제1 기어트레인(7), 제2 기어트레인(8), 제1 전자기기(9), 제2 전자기기(22) 및 기어펌프(10)를 포함한다.As shown in FIG. 2, the HST-based hybrid system according to the present invention includes a battery 15, a controller (including an inverter function) 11, an HST unit 30, a first geartrain 7, and a second. The gear train 8, the first electronic device 9, the second electronic device 22, and the gear pump 10 are included.

여기서, 상기 컨트롤러(11)는 상기 배터리(15)에 전류를 충전시키는 기능을 수행하며, 변속기레버(14), 액셀페달(12), 브레이크페달(13) 및 작업기 조절레버(17)측의 각각의 센서로부터 발생되는 신호를 모니터링하여 기 설정 제어신호를 발생시킨다.Here, the controller 11 performs a function of charging a current to the battery 15, each of the transmission lever 14, the accelerator pedal 12, the brake pedal 13 and the work machine control lever 17 side Generates a preset control signal by monitoring the signal from the sensor.

상기 HST 유닛(30)은 엔진(1)의 출력축(1a)과 양측 구동휠(5)을 회전시키는 차동장치(6)의 구동축(4) 사이에 설치되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되어 변속비를 증감시키는 역할을 한다.The HST unit 30 is installed between the output shaft 1a of the engine 1 and the drive shaft 4 of the differential device 6 which rotates the driving wheels 5 on both sides, and is controlled by the controller 11 to control the speed ratio. It serves to increase and decrease.

상기 제1 기어트레인(7)은 상기 엔진(1)의 출력축(1a)과 연결되고 상기 제2 기어트레인(8)은 상기 차동장치(6)의 구동축(4)과 연결된다.The first geartrain 7 is connected to the output shaft 1a of the engine 1 and the second geartrain 8 is connected to the drive shaft 4 of the differential device 6.

상기 제1 전자기기(9)는 상기 제1 기어트레인(7)에 연결된 구동축(4a)의 일단에 제공되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어된다. 상기 제2 전자기기(22)는 상기 제2 기어트레인(8)에 연결된 구동축(4b)의 일단에 제공되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어된다. 상기 제1 및 제2 전자기기(9,22)는 각각 모터와 발전기로 작동한다.The first electronic device 9 is provided at one end of the drive shaft 4a connected to the first geartrain 7 and controlled by the controller 11. The second electronic device 22 is provided at one end of the drive shaft 4b connected to the second gear train 8 and controlled by the controller 11. The first and second electronic devices 9 and 22 operate as motors and generators, respectively.

상기 기어펌프(10)는 상기 제1 기어트레인(7)에 연결된 구동축(4a)의 타단에 연결되고 작업기를 위한 메인컨트롤밸브장치(18)로 압유를 공급하는 역할을 한다.The gear pump 10 is connected to the other end of the drive shaft 4a connected to the first gear train 7 and serves to supply pressure oil to the main control valve device 18 for the work machine.

일실시예로, 상기 HST 유닛(30)은 상기 엔진(1)의 출력축(1a)의 선단부에 연결되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되는 제1 가변펌프(31)와, 상기 차동장치(6)의 구동축(4)의 선단부에 연결되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되며, 상기 제1 가변펌프(31)와 폐회로 형태로 연결되는 제2 가변펌프(32)를 포함하는 형태로 이루어질 수 있다. 상기 각각의 제1 및 제2 가변펌프(31,32)는 피스톤 펌프인 것이 바람직하다. 그 이유는 상기 피스톤 펌프는 가변 조절이 편리하고 구입이 용이하기 때문이다.
In one embodiment, the HST unit 30 is connected to the front end of the output shaft 1a of the engine 1 and controlled by the controller 11 and the differential pump 6. And a second variable pump 32 connected to the distal end of the drive shaft 4 and controlled by the controller 11 and connected to the first variable pump 31 in a closed circuit form. . Preferably, each of the first and second variable pumps 31 and 32 is a piston pump. The reason is that the piston pump is convenient for variable adjustment and easy to purchase.

전술한 바와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 따른 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템의 작동을 도 2를 참조하여 설명한다.The operation of the HST-based hybrid system according to the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

중장비 차량이 전진 주행하는 경우, 액셀페달(12)측의 센서로부터의 동작신호와 변속기레버(14)측의 센서로부터의 전진신호가 컨트롤러(11)에 수신되면, 배터리(15)에 충전된 전기가 상기 컨트롤러(11)의 제어를 통해 제1 전자기기(9)와 제2 전자기기(22)를 구동시켜 차량의 시동이 걸리게 된다. 이어서 주행의 시작으로 차량이 임의속도에 도달하면 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 엔진(1)이 구동되고 상기 엔진(1)으로부터 발생되는 동력은 HST 유닛(30)을 거쳐 차동장치(6)에 전달되어 차량의 양측 구동휠(5)을 회전시킨다.When the heavy-duty vehicle travels forward, when the controller 11 receives an operation signal from the sensor on the accelerator pedal 12 side and a forward signal from the sensor on the transmission lever 14 side, the electric charge charged in the battery 15 is charged. The vehicle is started by driving the first electronic device 9 and the second electronic device 22 through the control of the controller 11. Subsequently, when the vehicle reaches an arbitrary speed at the start of driving, the engine 1 is driven by the controller 11, and the power generated from the engine 1 is transmitted to the differential device 6 via the HST unit 30. To rotate both driving wheels 5 of the vehicle.

차량이 임의속도에 도달하여 정속주행하는 경우, 상기 엔진(1)의 일부 동력은 제1 기어트레인(7)을 통해 상기 제1 전자기기(9)를 가동시켜 상기 제1 전자기기(9)에서 발생되는 전류를 상기 컨트롤러(11)를 통해 배터리(15)에 충전시킨다. 상기 배터리(15)의 충전이 일정수준에 도달하면 상기 엔진(1)의 동력에 의한 전류발생은 중단되고 상기 배터리(15)의 충전상태가 임의수준 아래로 떨어지게 되면 상기 엔진(1)의 동력에 의한 전류발생은 다시 시작된다.When the vehicle reaches a predetermined speed and runs at constant speed, some power of the engine 1 is driven by the first electronic device 9 through the first gear train 7 so that The generated current is charged in the battery 15 through the controller 11. When the charging of the battery 15 reaches a certain level, current generation by the power of the engine 1 is stopped, and when the state of charge of the battery 15 falls below an arbitrary level, the power of the engine 1 is reduced. The current generation by this is restarted.

작업기를 작동시키는 경우, 작업기 조절레버(17)측의 센서로부터의 동작신호가 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 수신되면 상기 제1 전자기기(9)는 상기 컨트롤러(11)의 제어를 통해 기어펌프(10)를 구동시킨다. 이때, 작업부하가 큰 경우 상기 엔진(1)의 동력이 추가적으로 제1 기어트레인(7)에 제공되고 상기 기어펌프(10)는 상기 엔진(1)으로부터 상기 제1 기어트레인(7)을 통해 동력을 제공받아 작동유를 메인컨트롤밸브장치(18)를 통해 작업기에 공급하게 된다. 이때 차량의 주행(전진 또는 후진) 시 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제1 가변펌프(31)와 제2 가변펌프(32)는 중립상태로 복귀되며, 상기 액셀페달(12)측 센서로부터의 동작신호에 의해 상기 제2 전자기기(22)가 상기 컨트롤러(11)의 제어를 통해 구동되어 차량은 전진 또는 후진되게 된다.In the case of operating the work machine, when an operation signal from the sensor on the work machine control lever 17 side is received by the controller 11, the first electronic device 9 controls the gear pump 10 through the control of the controller 11. ). In this case, when the workload is large, power of the engine 1 is additionally provided to the first gear train 7, and the gear pump 10 is powered from the engine 1 through the first gear train 7. The hydraulic fluid is supplied to the work machine through the main control valve device 18. At this time, when the vehicle is driven (forward or backward), the first variable pump 31 and the second variable pump 32 are returned to the neutral state by the controller 11 and are operated from the accelerator pedal 12 side sensor. The second electronic device 22 is driven by a signal to control the controller 11 so that the vehicle moves forward or backward.

브레이크페달을 밟는 경우, 브레이크페달(13)을 밟게 되면 상기 브레이크페달(13)측의 센서로부터의 동작신호가 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 수신되어 상기 HST 유닛(30)은 상기 컨트롤러(11)의 제어에 의해 중립상태로 되고 제동에너지는 제2 전자기기(22)에 흡수되고 상기 제2 전자기기(22)의 발전기 역할에 의해 회수되는 전류는 상기 컨트롤러(11)를 통해 배터리(15)에 저장된다. 차량의 실내 저속 주행 시 엔진(1)은 정지상태(no emission)가 되고 차량은 상기 배터리(15)로부터 공급되는 전류에 의해 상기 제1 및 제2 전자기기(9,22)를 통해 주행될 수 있게 된다.
When the brake pedal is stepped on, when the brake pedal 13 is stepped on, an operation signal from the sensor on the brake pedal 13 side is received by the controller 11, and the HST unit 30 controls the controller 11. By the neutral state and the braking energy is absorbed by the second electronic device 22 and the current recovered by the generator role of the second electronic device 22 is stored in the battery 15 through the controller 11. . When the vehicle runs at low speed indoors, the engine 1 becomes no emission and the vehicle may be driven through the first and second electronic devices 9 and 22 by the current supplied from the battery 15. Will be.

이상에서 설명한 본 발명은 전술한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 의해 한정되지 않으며, 본 발명의 기술적 사상 내에서의 단순 치환, 변형 및 변경은 당 분야에서의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 명백한 것이다.The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and simple substitution, modification and alteration within the technical spirit of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

1: 엔진 1a: 출력축
4,4a,4b: 구동축 5: 구동휠
6: 차동장치 7: 제1 기어트레인
8: 제2 기어트레인 9: 제1 전자기기
10: 기어펌프 11: 컨트롤러
12: 액셀페달 13: 브레이크페달
14: 변속기레버 15: 배터리
16: 밸브컨트롤러 17: 작업기 조절레버
18: 메인컨트롤밸브장치 22: 제2 전자기기
30: HST 유닛 31: 제1 가변펌프
32: 제2 가변펌프
1: engine 1a: output shaft
4,4a, 4b: drive shaft 5: drive wheel
6: differential device 7: first geartrain
8: second gear train 9: first electronic device
10: Gear Pump 11: Controller
12: accelerator pedal 13: brake pedal
14: transmission lever 15: battery
16: Valve Controller 17: Work Tool Adjustment Lever
18: main control valve device 22: the second electronic device
30: HST unit 31: first variable pump
32: second variable pump

Claims (2)

배터리(15);
상기 배터리(15)에 전류를 충전시키는 기능을 수행하며, 변속기레버(14), 액셀페달(12), 브레이크페달(13) 및 작업기 조절레버(17)측의 각각의 센서로부터 발생되는 신호를 모니터링하여 기 설정 제어신호를 발생시키는 컨트롤러(11);
엔진(1)의 출력축(1a)과 양측 구동휠(5)을 회전시키는 차동장치(6)의 구동축(4) 사이에 설치되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되어 변속비를 증감시키는 HST(Hydrostatic transmission) 유닛(30);
상기 엔진(1)의 출력축(1a)과 연결되는 제1 기어트레인(7) 및 상기 차동장치(6)의 구동축(4)과 연결되는 제2 기어트레인(8);
상기 제1 기어트레인(7)에 연결된 구동축(4a)의 일단에 제공되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되는 제1 전자기기(9) 및 상기 제2 기어트레인(8)에 연결된 구동축(4b)의 일단에 제공되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되는 제2 전자기기(22); 및
상기 제1 기어트레인(7)에 연결된 구동축(4a)의 타단에 연결되고 작업기를 위한 메인컨트롤밸브장치(18)로 압유를 공급하는 기어펌프(10);
를 포함하는 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템.
A battery 15;
The battery 15 is charged with a current, and a signal generated from each sensor on the transmission lever 14, the accelerator pedal 12, the brake pedal 13, and the work machine control lever 17 is monitored. A controller 11 for generating a preset control signal;
Hydrostatic transmission installed between the output shaft 1a of the engine 1 and the drive shaft 4 of the differential device 6 for rotating both drive wheels 5 and controlled by the controller 11 to increase or decrease the transmission ratio. Unit 30;
A first gear train (7) connected to the output shaft (1a) of the engine (1) and a second gear train (8) connected to the drive shaft (4) of the differential device (6);
Drive shaft 4b connected to the first electronic device 9 and the second geartrain 8 provided at one end of the drive shaft 4a connected to the first gear train 7 and controlled by the controller 11. A second electronic device 22 provided at one end of and controlled by the controller 11; And
A gear pump (10) connected to the other end of the drive shaft (4a) connected to the first gear train (7) and supplying pressure oil to the main control valve device (18) for the work machine;
HS-based hybrid system comprising a.
제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 HST 유닛(30)은 상기 엔진(1)의 출력축(1a)의 선단부에 연결되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되는 제1 가변펌프(31)와, 상기 차동장치(6)의 구동축(4)의 선단부에 연결되고 상기 컨트롤러(11)에 의해 제어되며, 상기 제1 가변펌프(31)와 폐회로 형태로 연결되는 제2 가변펌프(32)를 포함하는 것인 ＨＳＴ 기반의 하이브리드 시스템.The method of claim 1,
The HST unit 30 is connected to the distal end of the output shaft 1a of the engine 1 and controlled by the controller 11 and the drive shaft 4 of the differential device 6. HTS-based hybrid system which is connected to the front end of the control panel and controlled by the controller (11), the second variable pump (32) is connected to the first variable pump (31) in the form of a closed loop.
KR1020110006643A 2011-01-24 2011-01-24 Hybrid system based on Hydrostatic transmission KR101666689B1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05215200A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-08-24 Daikin Ind Ltd Mechanical hydraulic transmission
JPH07205671A (en) * 1994-01-26 1995-08-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Speed change traveling controller for hydraulic drive type caterpillar vehicle
JP2009241830A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Komatsu Ltd Traveling working vehicle
KR20100049505A (en) * 2007-08-10 2010-05-12 히다찌 겐끼 가부시키가이샤 Traveling system for work machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05215200A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-08-24 Daikin Ind Ltd Mechanical hydraulic transmission
JPH07205671A (en) * 1994-01-26 1995-08-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Speed change traveling controller for hydraulic drive type caterpillar vehicle
KR20100049505A (en) * 2007-08-10 2010-05-12 히다찌 겐끼 가부시키가이샤 Traveling system for work machine
JP2009241830A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Komatsu Ltd Traveling working vehicle

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