KR20110094832A - Garlic resistant lactic acid bacteria for feed additives - Google Patents

Garlic resistant lactic acid bacteria for feed additives Download PDF

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KR20110094832A
KR20110094832A KR1020100014488A KR20100014488A KR20110094832A KR 20110094832 A KR20110094832 A KR 20110094832A KR 1020100014488 A KR1020100014488 A KR 1020100014488A KR 20100014488 A KR20100014488 A KR 20100014488A KR 20110094832 A KR20110094832 A KR 20110094832A
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김창욱
박정민
김유진
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Abstract

PURPOSE: A Lactobacillus having garlic resistance is provided to ensure high acid resistance and bile resistance and to be used as a probiotic for feeding. CONSTITUTION: A Lactobacillus having garlic resistance is Lactobacillus plantarum TJ-LP-002(deposit number: KCCM10957P). The Lactobacillus is used as a probiotic contained in a feed for livestock. The feed contains Lactobacillus plantarum TJ-LP-002 and garlic by-product. Lactobacillus plantarum TJ-LP-002 is isolated from Kimchi, Jeotgal(fermented seafood), and Jangajji(pickled vegetable). Lactobacillus plantarum TJ-LP-002 has antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, S. aureus, and Clostridium perfringes and gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, and Shigella.

Description

사료용 생균제로서의 마늘 내성 유산균{Garlic Resistant Lactic Acid Bacteria for Feed Additives}Garlic Resistant Lactic Acid Bacteria for Feed Additives}

본 발명은 마늘 내성을 가진 가축용 사료에 포함되는 생균제로서, L. plantarum TJ-LP-002(기탁번호: KCCM10957P)에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to L. plantarum TJ-LP-002 (Accession No .: KCCM10957P) as a probiotic included in the feed for livestock with garlic resistance.

마늘(Allium sativum L.)은 대표적인 백합목 백합과 Allium 속에 속하는 다년초로, 대개 지중해와 중앙아시아 연안 지방이 원산지로 알려져 있으며, 요즘에는 세계 각지에서 재배되고 있다. 마늘은 특유의 향미가 있어서 식품의 맛을 증진시키는 향신료로서 널리 사용되어 왔으며, 식중독균과 같은 병원성 세균의 증식을 억제하는 항균작용(Kim et al., 2002; Rees et al., 1993), 항암작용(Fleischauer & Arab, 2001), 항산화작용(Kim et al., 1997; Carmia, 2001), 항 당뇨작용(Jain & Vyas, 1975), 항돌연변이원성(Kim et al., 1991), 혈청 콜레스테롤 저하능(Slowing et al., 2001), 심장질환 예방(Neil & Sigali, 1994) 등 여러 가지 생리적 활성이 과학적으로 입증되어 향신료뿐만 아니라 건강보조식품, 의약품으로도 널리 사용되고 있다.Garlic ( Allium sativum L.) is a perennial genus belonging to the genus Liliaceae Allium , which is commonly known as the Mediterranean and Central Asian coastal regions, and is now grown all over the world. Garlic has been widely used as a spice to enhance the taste of food because of its unique flavor, and antibacterial activity that inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as food poisoning bacteria (Kim et al., 2002; Rees et al., 1993), anticancer activity (Fleischauer & Arab, 2001), antioxidant activity (Kim et al., 1997; Carmia, 2001), antidiabetic activity (Jain & Vyas, 1975), antimutagenicity (Kim et al., 1991), serum cholesterol lowering capacity (Slowing et al., 2001) and various physiological activities such as heart disease prevention (Neil & Sigali, 1994) have been scientifically proven and widely used as a dietary supplement, as well as spices.

마늘을 재배하면, 수확 시에 마늘뿐만 아니라 마늘순, 쭉정이 등의 마늘 부산물이 발생한다. 마늘 재배량의 증가에 따라 부산물 폐기량도 늘어나게 되어 부산물 처리 방안에 대한 연구가 필요한 실정이다(Kim, 1996). 마늘 부산물은 항산화 작용을 하는 폴리페놀을 함유하고 있고, pectin과 같은 섬유소 함량이 높아서 장내 미생물의 성장개선 효과가 있으며, 혈중 콜레스테롤 함량과 간 지방량을 감소시키는 등의 기능이 있어, 가축 사육 시 투여되는 다량의 항생제에 대한 대체 효과가 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다(Kim, 1996).    When garlic is grown, not only garlic but also garlic by-products such as garlic sprout and chaff are produced at harvest. As the amount of garlic cultivation increases, the by-product waste volume also increases, requiring the study of the by-product treatment method (Kim, 1996). Garlic by-products contain antioxidant polyphenols, and have high fiber content, such as pectin, which improves the growth of gut microorganisms, and reduces blood cholesterol and liver fat. It is reported that there is an alternative effect on a large amount of antibiotics (Kim, 1996).

생균제는 숙주의 장내 미생물 균형 향상과 같은 유익한 작용을 하는 살아있는 미생물 첨가제를 말하며, 생균제로 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 미생물은 Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium , Enterococcus와 같은 유산균이며, 효모, 곰팡이, Bacillus 등은 주로 가축에게 사용되고 있다. 생균제를 산업용으로 이용하기 위해서는 비독성 및 비병원성인 안전한 균주여야 하며, 내산성, 내담즙성이 있어서 경구 섭취 시에 소화관에서 사멸하지 않고 장에 도달할 수 있어야 한다. 생균제는 장내 유익균의 증식을 촉진하고, 정상균총의 분포를 유지시키는 등의 유용한 효능이 요구되며, 항균성 물질을 생성하여 병원성 세균의 생육을 억제하고, 항균범위가 넓어야 한다. 또한, 장내 정착성이 강하며, 가공 공정 중 사멸되지 않도록 활성이 오래 유지될 수 있어야 한다(Annuk et al., 2003; Conway, 1989). Probiotics are living microbial additives that have beneficial effects such as improving the balance of intestinal microorganisms. The microorganisms most commonly used as probiotics are lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus, and yeast, mold and Bacillus are mainly used for livestock. . In order to use probiotics for industrial use, they must be safe, non-toxic and non-pathogenic strains, and must be acid-resistant and bile-resistant so that they can reach the intestine without being killed in the digestive tract when taken orally. Probiotics are required to have useful effects such as promoting the growth of enteric beneficial bacteria, maintaining the distribution of normal flora, inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria by producing antimicrobial substances, and broad antimicrobial range. In addition, it has a strong intestinal fixability and must be able to maintain its activity long so as not to die during processing (Annuk et al., 2003; Conway, 1989).

가축에 생균제의 급여가 미치는 영향은 증체량, 사료효율, 장내세균총 개선 등을 들 수 있다. 생균제와 항생제의 급여 효과를 비교 실험하여, 유산균 생균제 급여 시에 항생제 투여 시보다 증체량 개선, 장내 대장균의 감소가 더 크게 나타났다고 보고되었으며(Francis, 1978), Lactobacillus sporogenesClortridium butyricum을 각각 투여했을 때 대조구보다 증체량과 사료효율이 유의적으로 개선되었다고 보고하였다(Han et al., 1984a, b). 이런 연구 결과들을 종합해볼 때, 생균제 투여 시에 생산성이 높아져서 항생제를 대체할 수 있는 경제적인 사육 효과를 기대해 볼 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.The effects of feeding probiotics on livestock include weight gain, feed efficiency, and intestinal bacterial total improvement. The experiment compares the benefit effect of probiotics and antibiotics, probiotic lactobacillus has been benefit when the antibiotics time signal is improved body weight gain, the reduction of intestinal E. coli appeared to report a larger (Francis, 1978), Lactobacillus sporogenes with Clortridium Butyricum was significantly improved in weight gain and feed efficiency than control (Han et al., 1984a, b). Taken together, these results suggest that the productivity of probiotics will increase, leading to an economically viable alternative to antibiotics.

일반적으로 동물의 장내에서 생균제의 효과를 발휘하기 위해서는 적용 대상 동물의 장 또는 분변으로부터 분리하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 알려져 있다. 이미 많은 연구에서 분변이나 장 내용물에서 분리한 균주의 생균제 이용 가능성에 대해서 발표한 바 있다. 국내 계분 유래의 L. salivarius의 생균제적 특성에 대한 논문(Lim et al., 2007)과 한우와 홀스타인 분변으로부터 Lactobacillus spp.로 동정된 유산 간균을 분리한 논문(Lee et al., 2006), 돼지분변으로부터 생균제로 이용 가능한 L. salivarius를 분리한 논문 등이 현재까지 보고되고 있다(Shin et al., 2002). 가축 유래 유산균 외에도 각종 발효식품에서 분리한 생균제에 대한 연구도 진행되고 있는데, 동치미 유래 Lactobacillus sp.에 대한 연구가 보고되었으며(Chung et al., 2003b; Park et al., 2002), 젓갈에서 분리한 bacteriocin 생성 프로바이오틱 생균에 대한 연구 보고도 있다(Lee et al., 2003). In general, in order to exert the effect of a probiotic in the intestine of the animal, it is known that it is preferable to separate from the intestine or feces of the animal to be applied. Many studies have already published the availability of probiotics for strains isolated from fecal or intestinal contents. Probiotic Characterization of L. salivarius from Domestic Poultry (Lim et al., 2007) and Isolation of Lactobacillus Identified as Lactobacillus spp. From Hanwoo and Holstein Feces (Lee et al., 2006), Swine A study on the isolation of L. salivarius, which is available as a probiotic from feces, has been reported to date (Shin et al., 2002). In addition to livestock-derived lactic acid bacteria, research on probiotics isolated from various fermented foods is underway, and studies on Lactobacillus sp. From Dongchimi have been reported (Chung et al., 2003b; Park et al., 2002). There are also reports of bacteriocin-producing probiotic bacteria (Lee et al., 2003).

마늘 부산물을 효과적으로 이용하기 위해서는 마늘 부산물을 건조, 분말화하여 생균제와 혼합한 고기능성 사료첨가제의 개발이 필요하며, 마늘 부산물과 혼합 시에 배양할 수 있도록 마늘의 항균력에 저항성을 갖는 생균제의 연구가 필요하다. 본 발명은 마늘 부산물과 생균제의 혼합 시에 마늘의 유익한 효과와 생균제의 효과를 동시에 낼 수 있는 고기능성 사료첨가제 개발을 위해서 마늘의 항균력에 저항성을 갖는 유산균을 제공하고자 한다.  In order to effectively use garlic by-products, it is necessary to develop a high-performance feed additive mixed with probiotics by drying and powdering garlic by-products, and researches on probiotics that are resistant to garlic's antimicrobial ability so that they can be cultured when mixed with garlic by-products. need. The present invention is to provide a lactic acid bacterium resistant to the antimicrobial activity of garlic in order to develop a high functional feed additive that can simultaneously produce the beneficial effect of garlic and the effect of probiotics when mixing garlic by-products and probiotics.

상기 과제를 해결하기 위하여 본 발명은 가축용 사료에 포함되는 생균제로서, L. plantarum TJ-LP-002(기탁번호: KCCM10957P)을 제공한다. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides L. plantarum TJ-LP-002 (Accession Number: KCCM10957P) as a probiotic included in animal feed.

또한 본 발명은 가축용 사료에 포함되는 생균제로서, L. plantarum TJ-LP-002(기탁번호: KCCM10957P); 및 마늘 부산물이 포함된 가축용 사료를 제공한다. In addition, the present invention is a probiotic included in animal feed, L. plantarum TJ-LP-002 (Accession Number: KCCM10957P); And it provides a feed for livestock containing garlic by-products.

본 발명에서 분리된 L. plantarum TJ-LP-002는 마늘의 항균력에 높은 저항성을 지니되, 특히 그 내산성 및 내담즙성이 높으며 가축 병원성 세균을 비롯하여 여러 종류의 병원성 세균에 대한 생육저해효과가 높아 가축 사료에 첨가되는 생균제로서 이용할 수 있고, 생균제로 이용시 도체 등급 산정 및 증체량 등이 유리하다. L. plantarum TJ-LP-002 isolated from the present invention has a high resistance to the antibacterial activity of garlic, in particular its high acid resistance and bile resistance, high growth inhibitory effect on various kinds of pathogenic bacteria, including livestock pathogenic bacteria It can be used as a probiotic added to livestock feed, and when used as a probiotic, carcass grading and weight gain are advantageous.

도 1은 본 발명에 따라 분리된 균주의 내산성, 내담즙성 실험 결과이다.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 TJ-LP-002의 16S rRNA 유전자의 염기서열 분석 결과에 따른 Phylogenetic tree이다.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 사료용 생균제 급여시 비육돈의 성장 단계별로 각 처리군의 체중을 측정한 결과이다.
1 is an acid resistance, bile resistance test results of the strain isolated in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 2 is a Phylogenetic tree according to the sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of TJ-LP-002 according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is the result of measuring the weight of each treatment group in the growth stage of finishing pigs when feeding probiotics for feed according to the present invention.

1. 마늘추출물 제조1. Garlic Extract Manufacturing

비늘줄기, 꽃줄기, 수염뿌리를 포함하는 통마늘을 세척하여 이물질을 제거한 후, 증류수, 에탄올을 각각 마늘과 용매의 비율이 1대 4가 되도록 첨가하여 homogenizer로 마쇄한 다음 상온에서 24시간 교반하여 추출하였다. 추출물은 거즈와 Whatman No. 2 filter paper로 여과한 후 4℃ 냉장실에서 24시간 방치한 다음, 8,000rpm으로 원심분리하여 침전물을 제거하였다. 여과액을 0.45㎛의 공경을 지니는 membrane filter로 제균한 다음, 이를 마늘추출물로 사용하였다.   After removing the foreign substances by washing the whole garlic including scaly stem, flower stem, and beard root, distilled water and ethanol are added so that the ratio of garlic and solvent is 1 to 4, and then ground with a homogenizer and extracted by stirring at room temperature for 24 hours. It was. The extract is gauze and Whatman No. After filtering with 2 filter paper and left for 24 hours in a 4 ℃ refrigeration room, the precipitate was removed by centrifugation at 8,000rpm. The filtrate was sterilized with a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.45 ㎛ and then used as a garlic extract.

2. 유산균의 분리2. Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria

서울지역 마트와 가정에서 수집한 김치(배추김치, 깍두기, 열무김치, 동치미, 물김치, 백김치) 및 젓갈(명란젓갈, 오징어젓갈, 조개젓갈, 멸치젓갈, 밴댕이젓갈, 어리굴젓갈, 창란젓갈), 장아찌(오이 장아찌, 마늘 장아찌, 마늘쫑 장아찌) 17종을 사용하여 유산균을 분리하였다. 시료를 멸균수로 희석하여 마늘추출물이 농도별로 첨가된 Lactobacilli MRS agar(Difco Co., USA)에 도말하여 37℃에서 2일간 배양하여 무작위적으로 유산균을 1차 분리하였다.   Kimchi collected from marts and homes in Seoul (Chinese cabbage kimchi, radish kimchi, yeolmu kimchi, Dongchimi, water kimchi, white kimchi) Lactobacillus was isolated using 17 kinds of pickles (cucumber pickles, garlic pickles, garlic pickles). The samples were diluted with sterile water, and the garlic extract was smeared onto Lactobacilli MRS agar (Difco Co., USA) to which the concentration was added.

3. 내산성과 내담즙성 분석3. Acid and Bile Resistance Analysis

유산균의 내산성을 측정하기 위하여 분리 유산균을 0.05M sodium phosphate 완충용액(pH 7.0)과 HCl을 사용하여 pH 2.5로 조정된 0.05M sodium phosphate에 각각 접종하고 37℃에서 2시간 진탕한 다음 MRS agar에 도말하여 배양한 후 생균수를 측정하여 생존율(%)을 다음 식에 의하여 계산하였다(Lee & Choi, 2006).    In order to measure the acid resistance of lactic acid bacteria, isolated lactic acid bacteria were inoculated in 0.05M sodium phosphate adjusted to pH 2.5 using 0.05M sodium phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) and HCl, shaken at 37 ° C for 2 hours, and then smeared in MRS agar. After incubation, the number of viable cells was measured and the survival rate (%) was calculated by the following equation (Lee & Choi, 2006).

Figure pat00001
Figure pat00001

유산균의 내담즙성을 측정하기 위하여 분리 유산균을 0.3% oxgall(Difco Co.)이 첨가된 MRS broth에 접종하여 37℃에서 8시간 배양한 다음 MRS agar에 도말하여 배양한 후 생균수를 측정하여 생존율(%)을 다음 식에 의하여 계산하였다(Lee et al., 2002).      In order to measure the bile resistance of lactic acid bacteria, isolated lactic acid bacteria were inoculated in MRS broth to which 0.3% oxgall (Difco Co.) was added and incubated at 37 ° C for 8 hours, and then plated and cultured in MRS agar to measure viability. (%) Was calculated by the following equation (Lee et al., 2002).

Figure pat00002
Figure pat00002

4. 항균력 측정4. Antibacterial Activity

분리 유산균의 가축 병원성 세균에 대한 항균활성은 Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis KCCM 11806, Escherichia coli KCCM 12119, Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 11335, Shigella flexneri KCCM 40938을 검정균으로 사용하여 검정균이 중층된 agar plate에 멸균된 penicylinder(용량 300㎕, 내경 6mm, 외경 8mm, 높이 10mm)로 홈을 내서 각 분리 유산균 배양액 100㎕를 분주하여 37℃에서 배양한 후 저해환의 직경을 측정하는 agar diffusion method를 사용하였다(Lee et al., 2002).Antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria of livestock separation of lactic acid bacteria is Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis KCCM 11806, Escherichia coli KCCM 12119, Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 11335, Shigella Using flexneri KCCM 40938 as a test bacterium, a 100 microliter of each lactic acid bacteria culture was dispensed in a sterilized penicylinder (capacity 300 μl, inner diameter 6 mm, outer diameter 8 mm, height 10 mm) in agar plate in which the assay bacteria were laminated, After incubation, the agar diffusion method was used to measure the diameter of the inhibitory ring (Lee et al., 2002).

5. 선발된 유산균의 동정5. Identification of Selected Lactic Acid Bacteria

분리 유산균을 동정하기 위하여 16S rRNA 유전자의 염기서열을 분석하였다. Wizard genomic DNA purification kit(Promega co., USA)를 사용하여 분리 유산균으로부터 genomic DNA를 추출한 후 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 결정을 위한 universal primer인 27F(5'-AGAGTTTGATCATGGCTCAG-3')와 1492R (5'-GGATACCTTGTTACGACTT- 3') primer를 사용하여 PCR을 수행하였다(Yoon et al., 1996). PCR 반응은 94℃에서 1분간 변성, 60℃에서 1분간 결합, 72℃에서 1분간 30초간 중합 조건으로 PCR machine (pTC-150 minicycler, MJ Research Co., USA)을 사용하여 35 cycle을 실시하였다. PCR 산물을 1% agarose gel에 전기영동한 다음 Wizard SV Gel and PCR clean-up system(Promega Co.)을 사용하여 정제한 후 27F(5'-AGAGTTTGATCATGGCT CAG-3')와 1492R(5'-GGATACCTTGTTACGACTT-3'), 530F(5'-CTGCCAGCMGCGG- 3'), 1100R(5'-GGGTTGCGCTCGTTG-3') primer를 사용하여 ABI PRISM 3700 DNA analyzer로 염기서열을 결정하였다. 염기서열은 BLASTN 프로그램으로 Genbank에 등록되어 있는 ribosomal RNA 유전자 염기서열과 비교하여 결과를 나타내었다.   In order to identify isolated lactic acid bacteria, the nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA gene was analyzed. After extracting genomic DNA from lactic acid bacteria using Wizard genomic DNA purification kit (Promega co., USA), 27F (5'-AGAGTTTGATCATGGCTCAG-3 ') and 1492R (5'-), universal primers for 16S rRNA gene sequence determination PCR was performed using GGATACCTTGTTACGACTT-3 ′) primer (Yoon et al., 1996). The PCR reaction was carried out 35 cycles using a PCR machine (pTC-150 minicycler, MJ Research Co., USA) under polymerization conditions for 1 minute denaturation at 94 ° C, binding for 1 minute at 60 ° C, and polymerization for 30 seconds at 72 ° C for 1 minute. . PCR products were electrophoresed on 1% agarose gel and then purified using Wizard SV Gel and PCR clean-up system (Promega Co.), followed by 27F (5'-AGAGTTTGATCATGGCT CAG-3 ') and 1492R (5'-GGATACCTTGTTACGACTT -3 '), 530F (5'-CTGCCAGCMGCGG-3'), 1100R (5'-GGGTTGCGCTCGTTG-3 ') primers were used to determine the base sequence using an ABI PRISM 3700 DNA analyzer. The nucleotide sequence was compared with the ribosomal RNA gene sequence registered in Genbank by the BLASTN program.

6. 생화학적 특성 분석6. Biochemical Characterization

분리 유산균의 생화학적 특성은 API 50 CHL kit(bioMrieux Ltd., France)를 사용하였는데, 배양된 유산균을 API 50 CHL medium에 현탁하여 유산균 배양액을 kit에 접종하고 37℃에서 48시간 배양한 후 medium의 색깔 변화를 확인함으로써 분석하였다.   Biochemical characteristics of isolated lactic acid bacteria were used API 50 CHL kit (bioMrieux Ltd., France). The cultured lactic acid bacteria were suspended in API 50 CHL medium, inoculated with lactic acid bacteria culture kit and incubated for 48 hours at 37 ℃. Analyze by checking the color change.

7. 항균 spectrum 측정7. Antibacterial spectrum measurement

분리 유산균의 항균 spectrum을 알아보기 위하여 가축 병원성 세균 이외의 병원성균을 비롯한 다양한 세균, 유산균, 효모를 검정 균주로 사용하여 생육 저해 여부를 조사하였다. 이를 위하여 각 검정 균주의 중층 배지에 분리 유산균 배양액 100㎕을 paper disc 위에 분주하여 37℃에서 48시간 동안 배양한 후 저해환 형성 여부를 확인하였다.In order to investigate the antimicrobial spectrum of isolated lactic acid bacteria, various bacterial, lactic acid bacteria, and yeasts including pathogenic bacteria other than livestock pathogenic bacteria were used as assay strains. To this end, 100 μl of the lactic acid bacteria culture medium isolated on the media medium of each assay strain was dispensed on a paper disc, and cultured for 48 hours at 37 ° C., and then the inhibition ring formation was confirmed.

8. 마늘의 항균력에 저항성을 지니는 유산 균주의 분리8. Isolation of Lactic Acid Strains Resistant to the Antibacterial Activity of Garlic

마늘의 항균력에 저항성을 갖는 유산균을 분리하기 위해 마늘이 첨가된 발효식품인 김치, 젓갈, 장아찌류 등 17가지 시료를 수집하여 마늘 추출물이 농도별로 첨가된 MRS 배지에서 생육하는 유산균을 분리하였다. 증류수로 추출한 마늘추출물이 첨가된 배지에서 60 균주를 분리하였으며, 에탄올로 추출한 마늘추출물이 첨가된 배지에서 52 균주를 분리하였다. 마늘은 Aerobacter, Aeromonas, Bacillus, Citrella, Citrobacter, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Micrococcus, Mycobacterium, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Vibrio 등의 미생물 생육을 억제한다고 보고되고 있다(Shokrzadeh & Ebadi, 2006). 또한, 세균 및 진균류, 바이러스 등에 비교적 넓은 항균활성을 나타내며, 유산균보다는 병원성 세균의 증식 억제율이 높고(Chung et al., 2003a), 유산균 중에서는 L. mesenteroidesL. plantarum에 대해 높은 항균력을 나타낸다고 보고된바 있다(Kim et al., 1998). 마늘의 세균에 대한 항균력에도 불구하고 마늘 추출물이 첨가된 배지에서 생육 가능한 유산균들은 마늘이 첨가된 사료에 생균제로 함께 첨가해도 사멸하지 않고 생존할 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 마늘 추출물의 유효성분이 일부 유산균의 생장을 촉진한다는 연구 결과도 보고되고 있다(Hong, 2005). 분리한 112 균주 중에서 생균제로 이용 가능한 균주를 확인하고자 마늘추출물이 가장 높은 농도로 첨가된 50% 첨가 배지에서 분리한 유산균 중에서 생균제의 일반적 특성인 내담즙성, 내산성, 항균력을 측정하여 우수한 특성을 지니는 균주를 선발하였다. 위산에 대한 내성을 확인하기 위해서 HCl을 사용하여 pH 2.5로 조절한 sodium phosphate buffer에 2시간 동안 처리한 후 생균수를 측정하여 pH 7.0에서 처리한 후의 생균수와 비교하여 생존율을 조사한 결과, 각각의 균주들의 산에 대한 생존율은 6.90~94.74%로 다양한 범위의 생존율을 나타났으며, P'GW50-2 및 WGW50-3, SGW50-1이 각각 94.74%, 92.86%, 86%로 산에 대한 매우 높은 생존율을 나타내었다(도 1). In order to separate the lactic acid bacteria resistant to garlic's antibacterial activity, 17 kinds of samples, including kimchi, salted fish and pickles, which were garlic added, were collected, and the lactic acid bacteria grown in MRS medium containing garlic extracts were separated. Sixty strains were isolated from the medium containing garlic extract extracted with distilled water, and 52 strains were isolated from the medium containing garlic extract extracted with ethanol. Garlic is aerobacter, Aeromonas, Bacillus, Citrella, Citrobacter, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Micrococcus, Mycobacterium, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella, Streptococcus, etc. It is reported to suppress (Shokrzadeh & Ebadi, 2006). In addition, it has a relatively broad antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi and viruses, and has a higher inhibition rate of pathogenic bacteria than lactic acid bacteria (Chung et al., 2003a), and among the lactic acid bacteria, L. mesenteroides and L. plantarum have high antibacterial activity. (Kim et al., 1998). Despite the antimicrobial activity of garlic, the lactic acid bacteria that can grow on the medium containing garlic extract can survive without adding the probiotics to the feed containing garlic. Research has also been reported to promote growth (Hong, 2005). In order to identify the strains available as probiotics among the 112 isolates, garlic extracts were measured in 50% supplemented medium with the highest concentration. Strains were selected. In order to confirm the resistance to gastric acid, treatment with sodium phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 2.5 using HCl for 2 hours and the number of viable cells were measured, and the survival rate was compared with the number of viable cells after treatment at pH 7.0. The survival rates of the strains ranged from 6.90 to 94.74%, with a wide range of survival rates. The P'GW50-2, WGW50-3 and SGW50-1 were 94.74%, 92.86% and 86%, respectively. Survival was shown (FIG. 1).

한우 분변에서 분리한 유산균주 중 인공 위산에 대하여 높은 생존율(80% 이상)을 나타내는 L. fermentumL. plantarum 균주가 분리된바 있으며(Lee & Choi, 2006), 식품 중에서는 젓갈에서 50% 정도의 생존율을 나타내는 유산균주가 분리된바 있다(Lee et al., 2003). 이에 비교하였을 때 파김치에서 분리한 P'GW50-2, 물김치에서 분리한 WGW50-3은 90% 이상의 매우 높은 생존율을 나타내어, 체내 섭취 시 pH 3 이하의 위액에서 사멸하지 않고 위장관을 통과할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 담즙에 대한 내성을 확인하기 위해서 0.3% oxgall이 첨가된 MRS broth에 8시간 반응시킨 후 생균수를 측정하여 생존율을 조사한 결과, 담즙에 대한 생존율은 균주에 따라 0.18~54.76%의 생존율을 나타내었으며, P'GW50-2, WGW50-3, KGW50-1이 각각 54.76%, 51.61%, 46.42%의 높은 생존율을 나타내었다(도 1). Among L. fermentum and L. plantarum strains showing high survival rate (80% or more) against artificial gastric acid from Korean cow feces (Lee & Choi, 2006), about 50% in salted seafood. Lactobacillus strains have been isolated (Lee et al., 2003). In comparison, P'GW50-2 isolated from green kimchi and WGW50-3 isolated from water kimchi showed a very high survival rate of more than 90%, which can pass through the gastrointestinal tract without dying in gastric juice below pH 3 when consumed in the body. It is thought to be. In order to confirm the resistance to bile, after 8 hours of reaction with MRS broth added with 0.3% oxgall, the viability was measured and the survival rate of the bile was 0.18 to 54.76% depending on the strain. P'GW50-2, WGW50-3 and KGW50-1 showed high survival rates of 54.76%, 51.61% and 46.42%, respectively (Figure 1).

Lactobacillus 균주는 0.3% bile salt 첨가 시에 1~100% 정도의 생존율을 나타낸다고 하였으며(Shin et al., 1995), 젓갈에서 분리한 유산균은 인공 담즙인 0.1% oxgall 첨가 시 6~200% 이상의 생존율을 나타내었고, 일부 유산균은 담즙 첨가에 의해 생육이 촉진되었음이 보고되었다(Lee et al., 2003). 균주에 따라 담즙에 대한 다양한 범위의 생존율을 나타내며, 담즙에서의 높은 생존율은 섭취한 유산균이 사멸되지 않고 장내까지 도달하여 장에서 유익한 작용을 할 수 있음을 의미한다. Lactobacillus strains showed a survival rate of 1 to 100% when 0.3% bile salt was added (Shin et al., 1995), and lactic acid bacteria isolated from salted fish showed a survival rate of more than 6 to 200% when 0.1% oxgall artificial artificial bile was added. It has been reported that some lactic acid bacteria were promoted by bile addition (Lee et al., 2003). According to the strain, it shows a wide range of survival rate for bile, and high survival rate in bile means that the ingested lactic acid bacteria can reach the intestine without killing and can have a beneficial effect in the intestine.

9. 가축 병원성 균주에 대한 항균 활성9. Antimicrobial Activity against Livestock Pathogenic Strains

분리한 14 균주의 가축 병원성 균주에 대한 항균력을 비교한 결과를 표 1에 나타내었다. 병원성 균주의 생육 억제 정도를 저해환의 직경으로 확인한 결과, Salmonella choleraesuis에 대한 생육저해능이 우수한 균주는 P'GW50-2, WGW50-1, WGW50-3으로 저해환의 직경이 각각 20, 18, 18mm이었다. S. choleraesuis는 가금류에 티프스, 추백리 등을 유발시키는 균주이며, 가축의 만성장염, 소화기 전염병 등을 유발하고, 사람에게도 식중독을 유발할 수 있는 병원성 세균이다. Escherichia coli에 대한 저해능은 WGW 50-1, WGW50-3, P'GW50-2가 모두 15mm의 저해환 직경을 나타내었다. E. coli는 돼지에 설사를 일으켜 폐사시키는 등의 문제를 일으키는데, 분리 균주 중에는 E. coli에 대한 저해환을 형성하지 않는 균주들도 있었다. Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 저해능은 WGW50-1, WGW50-3, P'GW50-2가 모두 20mm 가장 우수하였다. S. aureus는 젖소 유방암 원인균으로 알려져 있으며, 사람에게도 식중독을 유발할 수 있다. 세균성 이질 원인균인 Shigella flexneri에 대한 저해능은 P'GW50-2가 19mm로 가장 우수하였고, WGW50-1, WGW50-3이 18mm로 우수하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 가축 병원성 세균에 대한 항균력은 WGW50-1, WGW50-3, P'GW50-2가 비슷한 수준으로 우수하였으며, 내산성, 내담즙성을 고려할 경우 분리한 균주 중에서 P'GW50-2가 가장 우수한 생균제 특성을 지니고 있어 본 발명을 위한 균주로 최종 선발하였다. Table 1 shows the results of comparing the antimicrobial activity against the isolated strains of livestock pathogenic strains. As a result of confirming the growth inhibition of the pathogenic strain by the diameter of the inhibitory ring, Salmonella The strains with excellent growth inhibition against choleraesuis were P'GW50-2, WGW50-1 and WGW50-3, and the diameters of the inhibitory rings were 20, 18 and 18 mm, respectively. S. choleraesuis is a strain that causes Tiffus and Chubaekri in poultry. It is a pathogenic bacterium that causes chronic enteritis, digestive diseases, and food poisoning in humans. Escherichia Inhibitory activity against coli was 15 mm for WGW 50-1, WGW50-3 and P'GW50-2. E. coli causes diarrhea and death in pigs. Some isolates do not form an inhibitory ring against E. coli . WGW50-1, WGW50-3 and P'GW50-2 were the most effective in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus by 20mm. S. aureus is known to be the cause of cow breast cancer and can cause food poisoning in humans. Shigella, the causative agent of bacterial dysentery inhibition of the P'GW50-2 flexneri was the most excellent as 19mm, WGW50-1, WGW50-3 were superior to 18mm. In conclusion, WGW50-1, WGW50-3, and P'GW50-2 showed excellent antimicrobial activity against livestock pathogenic bacteria. P'GW50- 2 has the best probiotic properties and was finally selected as a strain for the present invention.

표 1. Salmonella choleraesuis , Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus ,Shigella flexneri 병원성 균주의 생육 억제 정도를 저해환의 직경으로 나타낸 결과 Table 1. Salmonella choleraesuis , Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , and Shigella flexneri Results of inhibition of growth of pathogenic strains as diameters of inhibitory rings

Figure pat00003
Figure pat00003

10. 선정 유산균주의 동정과 생화학적 특성10. Identification and Biochemical Characteristics of Selected Lactic Acid Strains

최종 선발된 P'GW50-2는 16S rRNA 유전자의 염기서열 분석 결과, Lactobacillus plantarum으로 동정되었다. Phylogenetic tree를 작성한 결과, 도 2에서와 같이 L. plantarum, L. pentosus , L. paraplantarum과 유연관계가 높은 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이 중에서 L. plantarum과 가장 유연관계가 높아 본 선정 균주를 L. plantarum TJ-LP-002로 동정 및 명명하였다. The final selected P'GW50-2 was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum as a result of sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. As a result of the Phylogenetic tree, as shown in Fig. 2, it was found that L. plantarum, L. pentosus , and L. paraplantarum had high flexibility, and among these, L. plantarum had the most flexible relationship with L. plantarum. It was identified and named TJ-LP-002.

L. plantarum TJ-LP-002의 생화학적 특성은 표 2과 같다. 49개 탄수화물에 대한 당 이용성을 확인한 결과, 단당인 L-arabinose, ribose, galactose, glucose, fructose, mannose, rhamnose와 당알콜인 mannitol, sorbitol, 배당체인 N-acetylglucosamine, amygdaline, arbutine, esculine, salicine, 이당류인 cellobiose, maltose, lactose, melibiose, saccharose, β-gentiobiose, turanose, 삼당류인 raffinose, 당산화물인 gluconate를 이용하여 산을 생성하는 특성을 나타내었다. Rhamnose로부터 산을 생성하는 것은 L. plantarum의 주요 특성과는 차이가 있으나 그 외의 모든 당류에 대한 반응은 L. plantarum의 특성과 일치하였다(Kandler & Norbert, 1984).Biochemical properties of L. plantarum TJ-LP-002 are shown in Table 2. The sugar availability of 49 carbohydrates was determined. L-arabinose, ribose, galactose, glucose, fructose, mannose, rhamnose and sugar alcohol, mannitol, sorbitol, glycoside, N -acetylglucosamine, amygdaline, arbutine, esculine, salicine, disaccharide Acid production was achieved using cellobiose, maltose, lactose, melibiose, saccharose, β-gentiobiose, turanose, trisaccharide raffinose and gluconate. Acid production from Rhamnose differs from that of L. plantarum , but the response to all other sugars is consistent with that of L. plantarum (Kandler & Norbert, 1984).

표 2. L. plantarum TJ-LP-002의 생화학적 특성Table 2. L. plantarum Biochemical Properties of TJ-LP-002

Figure pat00004
Figure pat00004

11. 선정 유산균의 항균 spectrum   11. Antimicrobial spectrum of selected lactic acid bacteria

병원성 세균을 포함한 다양한 세균 및 유산균, 효모 등에 대해 L. plantarum TJ-LP-002이 생성하는 항균물질의 항균 특성을 알아본 결과는 표 3에 나타낸 바와 같이 식중독균인 Bacillus cereus , Staphylococcus aureus , Clostridium perfringens를 포함한 Gram 양성균과 Aeromonas hydrophila , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas , Salmonella , Shigella 속 등 시험한 모든 Gram 음성균에 대해서 항균활성을 나타내었다. 그리고 Pediococcus pentosaceus와 같은 유산균 일부에도 항균활성을 나타내었으나, 대부분의 유산균과 Candida , Saccharomyces 속을 비롯한 효모에 대해서는 항균활성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 유산균의 항균활성은 낮은 pH와 낮은 환원 전위, 과산화수소, diacetyl, bacteriocin, 이산화탄소, 에탄올, 저분자 항생물질 등의 생성에 의한 것으로 알려져 있다(Sanders et al., 1991; Adams & Nicholaides, 1997). L. plantarum TJ-LP-002의 항균활성은 Gram 음성균에서 강한 활성을 나타냈으며 유산균에는 거의 작용하지 못하는 것으로 나타나 L. plantarum이 생산하는 bacteriocin의 작용과는 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다(Anderssen et al., 1998). The antibacterial properties of L. plantarum TJ-LP-002 produced against various bacteria including lactic acid bacteria and yeast, including pathogenic bacteria, the results of the bacterium Bacillus as shown in Table 3 cereus , Staphylococcus aureus , Clostridium Gram-positive bacteria and aeromonas including perfringens hydrophila , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas , Salmonella , Shigella All Gram-negative bacteria tested including genus showed antimicrobial activity. And Pediococcus Although some of the lactic acid bacteria such as pentosaceus showed antimicrobial activity, most of the lactic acid bacteria and Candida , Saccharomyces genus and other yeasts showed no antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria is known to be due to low pH, low reduction potential, hydrogen peroxide, diacetyl, bacteriocin, carbon dioxide, ethanol, and low molecular weight antibiotics (Sanders et al., 1991; Adams & Nicholaides, 1997). The antimicrobial activity of L. plantarum TJ-LP-002 showed strong activity in Gram-negative bacteria and hardly acted on lactic acid bacteria, which was different from the action of bacteriocin produced by L. plantarum (Anderssen et al. , 1998).

표 3. L. plantarum TJ-LP-002의 항균 활성Table 3. L. plantarum Antimicrobial Activity of TJ-LP-002

Figure pat00005
Figure pat00005

12. 사료 첨가 효과12. Effect of Feed Addition

총 140두의 비육돈에 7처리, 5반복, 반복당 4두로 사료를 급여하였다. 본 발명에 따른 생균제는 총 사료 대비 0.3중량% 첨가하였다. A total of 140 pigs were fed with 7 treatments, 5 repetitions, and 4 per repetition. Probiotics according to the present invention was added 0.3% by weight relative to the total feed.

도 3은 성장 단계별로 각 처리군의 체중을 측정한 결과이다. Figure 3 is the result of measuring the weight of each treatment group in each growth stage.

평균 체중 109㎏의 비육돈 출하 성적 결과 본 발명에 따른 TJLO002를 함유한 생균제 공급시 높은 등급인 A 등급의 결과를 얻었다. Results of fattening pigs with an average body weight of 109 kg A high grade A result was obtained when feeding probiotics containing TJLO002 according to the present invention.

표 4. Table 4.

또한 도체 검사는 총 21두의 비육돈을 7처리 3반복, 반복당 1두로 처리하여 도체의 일반 성분을 분석하였다. 표 5는 평균 체중 109㎏의 비육돈 21마리의 등심근을 샘플링한 결과이다(1)a,b Means within rows with different superscripts differ (p<0.05). In addition, the carcass test was conducted to analyze the general components of carcasses by treating 21 pigs in total with 7 treatments 3 repetitions and 1 head per repetition. Table 5 shows the results of sampling the sirloin muscles of 21 piglets with an average weight of 109 kg ( 1) a, b Means within rows with different superscripts differ (p <0.05).

표 5.Table 5.

Figure pat00007
Figure pat00007

한국미생물보존센터(국외)Korea Microorganism Conservation Center (overseas) KCCM10957KCCM10957 2008070920080709

Claims (2)

가축용 사료에 포함되는 생균제로서, Lactobacillus plantarum TJ-LP-002(기탁번호: KCCM10957P).Probiotics in livestock feed, Lactobacillus plantarum TJ-LP-002 (Accession Number: KCCM10957P). 제 1 항의 생균제; 및
마늘 부산물이 포함된 가축용 사료.
Probiotic of claim 1; And
Animal feed containing garlic by-products.
KR1020100014488A 2010-02-18 2010-02-18 Garlic resistant lactic acid bacteria for feed additives KR20110094832A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20170073000A (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-28 (주)진바이오텍 Natural disinfectant for farm using specific lactic acid bacteria strain
KR20180003259A (en) 2016-06-30 2018-01-09 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Organic light emitting display
US10166262B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2019-01-01 Ewelina Sosnowska-Turek Strain of bacteria and composition comprising the same
KR102225778B1 (en) * 2020-07-15 2021-03-09 한경호 Method for manufacturing feed additives using ground garlic

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20170073000A (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-28 (주)진바이오텍 Natural disinfectant for farm using specific lactic acid bacteria strain
KR20180003259A (en) 2016-06-30 2018-01-09 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 Organic light emitting display
US10166262B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2019-01-01 Ewelina Sosnowska-Turek Strain of bacteria and composition comprising the same
KR102225778B1 (en) * 2020-07-15 2021-03-09 한경호 Method for manufacturing feed additives using ground garlic

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